text: Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.

text: Rock

text: music

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: as

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: developed

text: into

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: later

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: has

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: itself

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: blues

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: country

text: music

text: Rock

text: music

text: also

text: drew

text: strongly

text: on

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: genres

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: blues

text: and

text: folk

text: and

text: incorporated

text: influences

text: from

text: jazz

text: classical

text: and

text: other

text: musical

text: sources

text: A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. A set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book, or e-book.

text: book

text: is

text: set

text: of

text: written

text: printed

text: illustrated

text: or

text: blank

text: sheets

text: made

text: of

text: paper

text: parchment

text: or

text: other

text: materials

text: fastened

text: together

text: to

text: hinge

text: at

text: one

text: side

text: with

text: text

text: and/or

text: images

text: printed

text: in

text: ink

text: single

text: sheet

text: within

text: book

text: is

text: leaf

text: and

text: each

text: side

text: of

text: leaf

text: is

text: page

text: set

text: of

text: text

text: filled

text: or

text: illustrated

text: pages

text: produced

text: in

text: electronic

text: format

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: electronic

text: book

text: or

text: book

text: Elektra Records is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group, founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt. It played an important role in the development of contemporary folk music and rock music between the 1950s and 1970s. In 2004, it was consolidated into WMG's Atlantic Records Group. After five years of dormancy, the label was revived as an imprint of Atlantic in 2009. As of 2016 the label is run by Gregg Nadel.

text: Elektra

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: owned

text: by

text: Warner

text: Music

text: Group

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Jac

text: Holzman

text: and

text: Paul

text: Rickolt

text: It

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: contemporary

text: folk

text: music

text: and

text: rock

text: music

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: consolidated

text: into

text: WMG

text: 's

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: Group

text: After

text: five

text: years

text: of

text: dormancy

text: the

text: label

text: was

text: revived

text: as

text: an

text: imprint

text: of

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: label

text: is

text: run

text: by

text: Gregg

text: Nadel

text: Independent music (often shortened to indie music or indie) is music produced independently from major commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing. The term "indie" is sometimes also used to describe a genre (such as indie rock and indie pop); as a genre term, "indie" may include music that is not independently produced, and most independent music artists do not fall into a single, defined musical style or genre, and usually create music that can be categorized into other genres.

text: Independent

text: music

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: indie

text: music

text: or

text: indie

text: is

text: music

text: produced

text: independently

text: from

text: major

text: commercial

text: record

text: labels

text: or

text: their

text: subsidiaries

text: process

text: that

text: may

text: include

text: an

text: autonomous

text: do

text: it

text: yourself

text: approach

text: to

text: recording

text: and

text: publishing

text: The

text: term

text: indie

text: is

text: sometimes

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: genre

text: such

text: as

text: indie

text: rock

text: and

text: indie

text: pop

text: as

text: genre

text: term

text: indie

text: may

text: include

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: independently

text: produced

text: and

text: most

text: independent

text: music

text: artists

text: do

text: not

text: fall

text: into

text: single

text: defined

text: musical

text: style

text: or

text: genre

text: and

text: usually

text: create

text: music

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: categorized

text: into

text: other

text: genres

text: Natalie Anne Merchant (born October 26, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. She joined the American alternative/folk rock band 10,000 Maniacs in 1981 and left it to begin her solo career in 1993. She has since released several albums.

text: Natalie

text: Anne

text: Merchant

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: musician

text: She

text: joined

text: the

text: American

text: alternative

text: folk

text: rock

text: band

text: Maniacs

text: in

text: and

text: left

text: it

text: to

text: begin

text: her

text: solo

text: career

text: in

text: She

text: has

text: since

text: released

text: several

text: albums

text: Punk rock (or simply "punk") is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid 1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as "proto-punk" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. Punk bands typically use short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels.

text: Punk

text: rock

text: or

text: simply

text: punk

text: is

text: rock

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: mid

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Australia

text: Rooted

text: in

text: garage

text: rock

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: proto

text: punk

text: music

text: punk

text: rock

text: bands

text: rejected

text: perceived

text: excesses

text: of

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: Punk

text: bands

text: typically

text: use

text: short

text: or

text: fast

text: paced

text: songs

text: with

text: hard

text: edged

text: melodies

text: and

text: singing

text: styles

text: stripped

text: down

text: instrumentation

text: and

text: often

text: political

text: anti

text: establishment

text: lyrics

text: Punk

text: embraces

text: DIY

text: ethic

text: many

text: bands

text: self

text: produce

text: recordings

text: and

text: distribute

text: them

text: through

text: informal

text: channels

text: Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format released in 1982 and co-developed by Philips and Sony. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video Compact Disc (VCD), Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), Photo CD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced Music CD. Audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982, when the first commercially available CD player was released in Japan.

text: Compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: is

text: digital

text: optical

text: disc

text: data

text: storage

text: format

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: co

text: developed

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Sony

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: originally

text: developed

text: to

text: store

text: and

text: play

text: only

text: sound

text: recordings

text: but

text: was

text: later

text: adapted

text: for

text: storage

text: of

text: data

text: CD

text: ROM

text: Several

text: other

text: formats

text: were

text: further

text: derived

text: from

text: these

text: including

text: write

text: once

text: audio

text: and

text: data

text: storage

text: CD

text: rewritable

text: media

text: CD

text: RW

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: VCD

text: Super

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: SVCD

text: Photo

text: CD

text: PictureCD

text: CD

text: and

text: Enhanced

text: Music

text: CD

text: Audio

text: CD

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: commercially

text: available

text: since

text: October

text: when

text: the

text: first

text: commercially

text: available

text: CD

text: player

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: Our Time in Eden is a studio album by the folk rock band 10,000 Maniacs. It was released in 1992 on Elektra Records. The release is the band's fifth studio album, and its last studio album with the original lead singer, Natalie Merchant. The album included her future replacement Mary Ramsey on viola on such tracks as "Stockton Gala Days", "Jezebel" and "How You've Grown". Singles released from the album were "These Are Days", "Candy Everybody Wants" and "Few and Far Between".

text: Our

text: Time

text: in

text: Eden

text: is

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: folk

text: rock

text: band

text: Maniacs

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: on

text: Elektra

text: Records

text: The

text: release

text: is

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: fifth

text: studio

text: album

text: and

text: its

text: last

text: studio

text: album

text: with

text: the

text: original

text: lead

text: singer

text: Natalie

text: Merchant

text: The

text: album

text: included

text: her

text: future

text: replacement

text: Mary

text: Ramsey

text: on

text: viola

text: on

text: such

text: tracks

text: as

text: Stockton

text: Gala

text: Days

text: Jezebel

text: and

text: How

text: You

text: 've

text: Grown

text: Singles

text: released

text: from

text: the

text: album

text: were

text: These

text: Are

text: Days

text: Candy

text: Everybody

text: Wants

text: and

text: Few

text: and

text: Far

text: Between

text: Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of folk music and rock music. In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s. The genre was pioneered by the Los Angeles band the Byrds, who began playing traditional folk music and songs by Bob Dylan with rock instrumentation. The term "folk rock" was coined by the U.S. music press to describe the Byrds' music in June 1965, the month in which the band's debut album was issued.

text: Folk

text: rock

text: is

text: musical

text: genre

text: combining

text: elements

text: of

text: folk

text: music

text: and

text: rock

text: music

text: In

text: its

text: earliest

text: and

text: narrowest

text: sense

text: the

text: term

text: referred

text: to

text: genre

text: that

text: arose

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: around

text: the

text: The

text: genre

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: band

text: the

text: Byrds

text: who

text: began

text: playing

text: traditional

text: folk

text: music

text: and

text: songs

text: by

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: with

text: rock

text: instrumentation

text: The

text: term

text: folk

text: rock

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: music

text: press

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: Byrds

text: music

text: in

text: June

text: the

text: month

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: debut

text: album

text: was

text: issued

text: The LP (from "long playing" or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, a vinyl record format characterized by a speed of rpm, a 12 or 10 inch (30 or 25 cm) diameter, and use of the "microgroove" groove specification. Introduced by Columbia in 1948, it was soon adopted as a new standard by the entire record industry. Apart from a few relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound, it has remained the standard format for vinyl albums.

text: The

text: LP

text: from

text: long

text: playing

text: or

text: long

text: play

text: is

text: an

text: analog

text: sound

text: storage

text: medium

text: vinyl

text: record

text: format

text: characterized

text: by

text: speed

text: of

text: rpm

text: or

text: inch

text: or

text: cm

text: diameter

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: microgroove

text: groove

text: specification

text: Introduced

text: by

text: Columbia

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: soon

text: adopted

text: as

text: new

text: standard

text: by

text: the

text: entire

text: record

text: industry

text: Apart

text: from

text: few

text: relatively

text: minor

text: refinements

text: and

text: the

text: important

text: later

text: addition

text: of

text: stereophonic

text: sound

text: it

text: has

text: remained

text: the

text: standard

text: format

text: for

text: vinyl

text: albums

text: 10,000 Maniacs is a United States-based multi-platinum alternative rock band, formed in 1981, that continues to perform and release music. In 2016, the band celebrated its 35th anniversary.

text: Maniacs

text: is

text: United

text: States

text: based

text: multi

text: platinum

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: that

text: continues

text: to

text: perform

text: and

text: release

text: music

text: In

text: the

text: band

text: celebrated

text: its

text: anniversary

text: MPEG-1 and/or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players and computing devices.

text: and/or

text: Audio

text: Layer

text: III

text: more

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: is

text: an

text: audio

text: coding

text: format

text: for

text: digital

text: audio

text: which

text: uses

text: form

text: of

text: lossy

text: data

text: compression

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: audio

text: format

text: for

text: consumer

text: audio

text: streaming

text: or

text: storage

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: de

text: facto

text: standard

text: of

text: digital

text: audio

text: compression

text: for

text: the

text: transfer

text: and

text: playback

text: of

text: music

text: on

text: most

text: digital

text: audio

text: players

text: and

text: computing

text: devices

text: `` These Are Days '' is a song by alternative rock group 10,000 Maniacs from their 1992 album Our Time in Eden . The song hit number one on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart in November 1992 . They also performed the song for their 1993 album MTV Unplugged .

text: These

text: Are

text: Days

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: alternative

text: rock

text: group

text: Maniacs

text: from

text: their

text: album

text: Our

text: Time

text: in

text: Eden

text: The

text: song

text: hit

text: number

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Modern

text: Rock

text: Tracks

text: chart

text: in

text: November

text: They

text: also

text: performed

text: the

text: song

text: for

text: their

text: album

text: MTV

text: Unplugged

text: Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word "alternative" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music. The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, D.I.Y. ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music. At times, "alternative" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).

text: Alternative

text: rock

text: also

text: called

text: alternative

text: music

text: alt

text: rock

text: or

text: simply

text: alternative

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: independent

text: music

text: underground

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: became

text: widely

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: In

text: this

text: instance

text: the

text: word

text: alternative

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: genre

text: 's

text: distinction

text: from

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: music

text: The

text: term

text: 's

text: original

text: meaning

text: was

text: broader

text: referring

text: to

text: generation

text: of

text: musicians

text: unified

text: by

text: their

text: collective

text: debt

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: musical

text: style

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: independent

text: D.I.Y.

text: ethos

text: of

text: punk

text: rock

text: which

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: laid

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: alternative

text: music

text: At

text: times

text: alternative

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: as

text: catch

text: all

text: description

text: for

text: music

text: from

text: underground

text: rock

text: artists

text: that

text: receives

text: mainstream

text: recognition

text: or

text: for

text: any

text: music

text: whether

text: rock

text: or

text: not

text: that

text: is

text: seen

text: to

text: be

text: descended

text: from

text: punk

text: rock

text: including

text: some

text: examples

text: of

text: punk

text: itself

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: new

text: wave

text: and

text: post

text: punk

text: Mary Ramsey (born 24 December 1963), a resident of Buffalo, New York, is a member of folk rock duo John & Mary and lead singer and violinist for the American alternative rock band 10,000 Maniacs. Ramsey has also worked with other well-known artists such as Jackson Browne, Goo Goo Dolls, Billy Bragg, Warren Zevon, Alex Chilton and Ani DiFranco.

text: Mary

text: Ramsey

text: born

text: December

text: resident

text: of

text: Buffalo

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: folk

text: rock

text: duo

text: John

text: Mary

text: and

text: lead

text: singer

text: and

text: violinist

text: for

text: the

text: American

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Maniacs

text: Ramsey

text: has

text: also

text: worked

text: with

text: other

text: well

text: known

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Jackson

text: Browne

text: Goo

text: Goo

text: Dolls

text: Billy

text: Bragg

text: Warren

text: Zevon

text: Alex

text: Chilton

text: and

text: Ani

text: DiFranco

text: "These Are Days" is a song by alternative rock group 10,000 Maniacs and first single from their 1992 album "Our Time in Eden".

text: These

text: Are

text: Days

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: alternative

text: rock

text: group

text: Maniacs

text: and

text: first

text: single

text: from

text: their

text: album

text: Our

text: Time

text: in

text: Eden

text: Post-punk (originally "new musick") is a broad type of rock music that emerged from the punk movement of the 1970s, in which artists departed from punk rock's raw, accessible style to pursue a variety of avant-garde sensibilities. Attempting to break from rock tradition, post-punk artists experimented with sources such as electronic music, black dance music and the avant-garde, as well as novel recording technology and production techniques. The movement also saw the frequent intersection of music with art and politics, as artists incorporated ideas from sources such as modernist literature, critical theory, cinema, and performance art. Accompanying these musical developments were communities that produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines in conjunction with the music.

text: Post

text: punk

text: originally

text: new

text: musick

text: is

text: broad

text: type

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: punk

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: in

text: which

text: artists

text: departed

text: from

text: punk

text: rock

text: 's

text: raw

text: accessible

text: style

text: to

text: pursue

text: variety

text: of

text: avant

text: garde

text: sensibilities

text: Attempting

text: to

text: break

text: from

text: rock

text: tradition

text: post

text: punk

text: artists

text: experimented

text: with

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: electronic

text: music

text: black

text: dance

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: avant

text: garde

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: novel

text: recording

text: technology

text: and

text: production

text: techniques

text: The

text: movement

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: frequent

text: intersection

text: of

text: music

text: with

text: art

text: and

text: politics

text: as

text: artists

text: incorporated

text: ideas

text: from

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: modernist

text: literature

text: critical

text: theory

text: cinema

text: and

text: performance

text: art

text: Accompanying

text: these

text: musical

text: developments

text: were

text: communities

text: that

text: produced

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

text: visual

text: art

text: multimedia

text: performances

text: and

text: fanzines

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: music

text: Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl.

text: Albums

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: were

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: first

text: as

text: books

text: of

text: individual

text: records

text: then

text: from

text: as

text: vinyl

text: LP

text: records

text: played

text: at

text: rpm

text: Vinyl

text: LPs

text: are

text: still

text: issued

text: though

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: album

text: sales

text: have

text: mostly

text: focused

text: on

text: compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: and

text: formats

text: The

text: audio

text: cassette

text: was

text: format

text: used

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: alongside

text: vinyl

question: instance_of these are days

answer: single

text: single

text: single

text: single


text: The Wehrmacht (lit. "defence force") was the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1946. It consisted of the "Heer" (army), the "Kriegsmarine" (navy) and the "Luftwaffe" (air force). The designation "Wehrmacht" for Nazi Germany's military replaced the previously used term, "Reichswehr" (191935), and was the manifestation of Nazi Germany's efforts to rearm the nation to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted.

text: The

text: Wehrmacht

text: lit

text: defence

text: force

text: was

text: the

text: unified

text: armed

text: forces

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: from

text: to

text: It

text: consisted

text: of

text: the

text: Heer

text: army

text: the

text: Kriegsmarine

text: navy

text: and

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: air

text: force

text: The

text: designation

text: Wehrmacht

text: for

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: 's

text: military

text: replaced

text: the

text: previously

text: used

text: term

text: Reichswehr

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: manifestation

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: 's

text: efforts

text: to

text: rearm

text: the

text: nation

text: to

text: greater

text: extent

text: than

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Versailles

text: permitted

text: The Waffen-SS (Armed SS) was the armed wing of the Nazi Party's SS organisation. Its formations included men from Nazi Germany, along with volunteers and conscripts from both occupied and un-occupied lands.

text: The

text: Waffen

text: SS

text: Armed

text: SS

text: was

text: the

text: armed

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: 's

text: SS

text: organisation

text: Its

text: formations

text: included

text: men

text: from

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: along

text: with

text: volunteers

text: and

text: conscripts

text: from

text: both

text: occupied

text: and

text: un

text: occupied

text: lands

text: The Schutzstaffel (SS; also stylized as with Armanen runes literally "Protection Squadron") was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP; Nazi Party) in Nazi Germany. It began with a small guard unit known as the "Saal-Schutz" (Hall-Protection) made up of NSDAP volunteers to provide security for party meetings in Munich. In 1925, Heinrich Himmler joined the unit, which had by then been reformed and given its final name. Under his direction (192945), it grew from a small paramilitary formation to one of the most powerful organizations in Nazi Germany. From 1929 until the regime's collapse in 1945, the SS was the foremost agency of surveillance and terror within Germany and German-occupied Europe.

text: The

text: Schutzstaffel

text: SS

text: also

text: stylized

text: as

text: with

text: Armanen

text: runes

text: literally

text: Protection

text: Squadron

text: was

text: major

text: paramilitary

text: organization

text: under

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Socialist

text: German

text: Workers

text: Party

text: NSDAP

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: in

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: It

text: began

text: with

text: small

text: guard

text: unit

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Saal

text: Schutz

text: Hall

text: Protection

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: NSDAP

text: volunteers

text: to

text: provide

text: security

text: for

text: party

text: meetings

text: in

text: Munich

text: In

text: Heinrich

text: Himmler

text: joined

text: the

text: unit

text: which

text: had

text: by

text: then

text: been

text: reformed

text: and

text: given

text: its

text: final

text: name

text: Under

text: his

text: direction

text: it

text: grew

text: from

text: small

text: paramilitary

text: formation

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: organizations

text: in

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: From

text: until

text: the

text: regime

text: 's

text: collapse

text: in

text: the

text: SS

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: agency

text: of

text: surveillance

text: and

text: terror

text: within

text: Germany

text: and

text: German

text: occupied

text: Europe

text: World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history.

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: WWII

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: was

text: global

text: war

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: to

text: although

text: related

text: conflicts

text: began

text: earlier

text: It

text: involved

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: nationsincluding

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: powerseventually

text: forming

text: two

text: opposing

text: military

text: alliances

text: the

text: Allies

text: and

text: the

text: Axis

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: widespread

text: war

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: directly

text: involved

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: from

text: over

text: countries

text: In

text: state

text: of

text: total

text: war

text: the

text: major

text: participants

text: threw

text: their

text: entire

text: economic

text: industrial

text: and

text: scientific

text: capabilities

text: behind

text: the

text: war

text: effort

text: erasing

text: the

text: distinction

text: between

text: civilian

text: and

text: military

text: resources

text: Marked

text: by

text: mass

text: deaths

text: of

text: civilians

text: including

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: the

text: strategic

text: bombing

text: of

text: industrial

text: and

text: population

text: centres

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: one

text: million

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: atomic

text: bombings

text: of

text: Hiroshima

text: and

text: Nagasaki

text: it

text: resulted

text: in

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: fatalities

text: These

text: made

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: deadliest

text: conflict

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: Nazi Germany maintained concentration camps (KZ or KL) throughout the territories it controlled before and during the Second World War. The first Nazi camps were erected in Germany in March 1933 immediately after Hitler became Chancellor and his Nazi Party was given control over the police through Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick and Prussian Acting Interior Minister Hermann Göring. Used to hold and torture political opponents and union organizers, the camps initially held around 45,000 prisoners.

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: maintained

text: concentration

text: camps

text: KZ

text: or

text: KL

text: throughout

text: the

text: territories

text: it

text: controlled

text: before

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: The

text: first

text: Nazi

text: camps

text: were

text: erected

text: in

text: Germany

text: in

text: March

text: immediately

text: after

text: Hitler

text: became

text: Chancellor

text: and

text: his

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: was

text: given

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: police

text: through

text: Reich

text: Interior

text: Minister

text: Wilhelm

text: Frick

text: and

text: Prussian

text: Acting

text: Interior

text: Minister

text: Hermann

text: Göring

text: Used

text: to

text: hold

text: and

text: torture

text: political

text: opponents

text: and

text: union

text: organizers

text: the

text: camps

text: initially

text: held

text: around

text: prisoners

text: Standartenführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in several Nazi organizations, such as the SA, SS, NSKK and the NSFK. First founded as a title in 1925, in 1928 the rank became one of the first commissioned Nazi ranks and was bestowed upon those SA and SS officers who commanded units known as "Standarten" which were regiment-sized formations of between three hundred and five hundred men.

text: Standartenführer

text: was

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: paramilitary

text: rank

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: several

text: Nazi

text: organizations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: SA

text: SS

text: NSKK

text: and

text: the

text: NSFK

text: First

text: founded

text: as

text: title

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: rank

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: commissioned

text: Nazi

text: ranks

text: and

text: was

text: bestowed

text: upon

text: those

text: SA

text: and

text: SS

text: officers

text: who

text: commanded

text: units

text: known

text: as

text: Standarten

text: which

text: were

text: regiment

text: sized

text: formations

text: of

text: between

text: three

text: hundred

text: and

text: five

text: hundred

text: men

text: The "Führer" Headquarters ("Führerhauptquartiere" in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe during the Second World War. Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the "Führerbunker" in Berlin, Germany, where Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Other notable headquarters are the "Wolfsschanze" (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus von Stauffenberg in league with other conspirators attempted to assassinate Hitler on 20 July 1944, and Hitler's private home, the "Berghof", at Obersalzberg near Berchtesgaden, where he frequently met with prominent foreign and domestic officials.

text: The

text: Führer

text: Headquarters

text: Führerhauptquartiere

text: in

text: German

text: abbreviated

text: FHQ

text: is

text: common

text: name

text: for

text: number

text: of

text: official

text: headquarters

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Nazi

text: leader

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: and

text: various

text: German

text: commanders

text: and

text: officials

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: Perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: known

text: headquarters

text: was

text: the

text: Führerbunker

text: in

text: Berlin

text: Germany

text: where

text: Hitler

text: committed

text: suicide

text: on

text: April

text: Other

text: notable

text: headquarters

text: are

text: the

text: Wolfsschanze

text: Wolf

text: 's

text: Lair

text: in

text: East

text: Prussia

text: where

text: Claus

text: von

text: Stauffenberg

text: in

text: league

text: with

text: other

text: conspirators

text: attempted

text: to

text: assassinate

text: Hitler

text: on

text: July

text: and

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: private

text: home

text: the

text: Berghof

text: at

text: Obersalzberg

text: near

text: Berchtesgaden

text: where

text: he

text: frequently

text: met

text: with

text: prominent

text: foreign

text: and

text: domestic

text: officials

text: Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control over nearly all aspects of life. The official name of the state was "Deutsches Reich" from 1933 to 1943 and "Großdeutsches Reich" ("Greater German Reich") from 1943 to 1945. The period is also known under the names the Third Reich and the National Socialist Period (abbreviated as "NS-Zeit"). The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe.

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: common

text: English

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: German

text: history

text: from

text: to

text: when

text: Germany

text: was

text: governed

text: by

text: dictatorship

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: and

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: NSDAP

text: Under

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: rule

text: Germany

text: was

text: transformed

text: into

text: fascist

text: state

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: took

text: totalitarian

text: control

text: over

text: nearly

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: life

text: The

text: official

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: was

text: Deutsches

text: Reich

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: Großdeutsches

text: Reich

text: Greater

text: German

text: Reich

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: period

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: under

text: the

text: names

text: the

text: Third

text: Reich

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Socialist

text: Period

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NS

text: Zeit

text: The

text: Nazi

text: regime

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: after

text: the

text: Allied

text: Powers

text: defeated

text: Germany

text: in

text: May

text: ending

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: Europe

text: Eva Anna Paula Hitler ("née" Braun; 6 February 1912  30 April 1945) was the longtime companion of Adolf Hitler and, for less than 40 hours, his wife. Braun met Hitler in Munich when she was 17 years old, while she was working as an assistant and model for his personal photographer, and began seeing him often about two years later. She attempted suicide twice during their early relationship. By 1936, she was a part of his household at the Berghof near Berchtesgaden and lived a sheltered life throughout World War II. Braun was a photographer, and many of the surviving colour photographs and films of Hitler were taken by her. She was a key figure within Hitler's inner social circle, but did not attend public events with him until mid-1944, when her sister Gretl married Hermann Fegelein, the SS liaison officer on his staff.

text: Eva

text: Anna

text: Paula

text: Hitler

text: née

text: Braun

text: February

text: April

text: was

text: the

text: longtime

text: companion

text: of

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: and

text: for

text: less

text: than

text: hours

text: his

text: wife

text: Braun

text: met

text: Hitler

text: in

text: Munich

text: when

text: she

text: was

text: years

text: old

text: while

text: she

text: was

text: working

text: as

text: an

text: assistant

text: and

text: model

text: for

text: his

text: personal

text: photographer

text: and

text: began

text: seeing

text: him

text: often

text: about

text: two

text: years

text: later

text: She

text: attempted

text: suicide

text: twice

text: during

text: their

text: early

text: relationship

text: By

text: she

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: household

text: at

text: the

text: Berghof

text: near

text: Berchtesgaden

text: and

text: lived

text: sheltered

text: life

text: throughout

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Braun

text: was

text: photographer

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: surviving

text: colour

text: photographs

text: and

text: films

text: of

text: Hitler

text: were

text: taken

text: by

text: her

text: She

text: was

text: key

text: figure

text: within

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: inner

text: social

text: circle

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: attend

text: public

text: events

text: with

text: him

text: until

text: when

text: her

text: sister

text: Gretl

text: married

text: Hermann

text: Fegelein

text: the

text: SS

text: liaison

text: officer

text: on

text: his

text: staff

text: SS - Obersturmbannführer ( Lieutenant colonel ) Erich Kempka ( 16 September 1910 -- 24 January 1975 ) served as Adolf Hitler 's chauffeur from 1934 to April , 1945 . He was present in the area of the Reich Chancellery on 30 April 1945 , when Hitler shot himself in the Führerbunker . Kempka delivered the gasoline to the garden behind the Reich Chancellery where the remains of Hitler and Eva Braun were burned . He was SS member # 2,803 and served in the Allgemeine SS.

text: SS

text: Obersturmbannführer

text: Lieutenant

text: colonel

text: Erich

text: Kempka

text: September

text: January

text: served

text: as

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: chauffeur

text: from

text: to

text: April

text: He

text: was

text: present

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Reich

text: Chancellery

text: on

text: April

text: when

text: Hitler

text: shot

text: himself

text: in

text: the

text: Führerbunker

text: Kempka

text: delivered

text: the

text: gasoline

text: to

text: the

text: garden

text: behind

text: the

text: Reich

text: Chancellery

text: where

text: the

text: remains

text: of

text: Hitler

text: and

text: Eva

text: Braun

text: were

text: burned

text: He

text: was

text: SS

text: member

text: and

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: Allgemeine

text: SS

text: Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889  30 April 1945) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party ("Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei"; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of the German Reich, he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and was central to the Holocaust.

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: April

text: April

text: was

text: German

text: politician

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: Nationalsozialistische

text: Deutsche

text: Arbeiterpartei

text: NSDAP

text: Chancellor

text: of

text: Germany

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: Führer

text: Leader

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: from

text: to

text: As

text: dictator

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Reich

text: he

text: initiated

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: Europe

text: with

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: September

text: and

text: was

text: central

text: to

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: The Holocaust (from the Greek ': "hólos", "whole" and "kaustós", "burnt"), also referred to as the Shoah"' (Hebrew: , "HaShoah", "the catastrophe"), was a genocide in which Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany and its collaborators killed about six million Jews. The victims included 1.5 million children and represented about two-thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe. Some definitions of the Holocaust include the additional five million non-Jewish victims of Nazi mass murders, bringing the total to about 11 million. Killings took place throughout Nazi Germany, German-occupied territories, and territories held by allies of Nazi Germany.

text: The

text: Holocaust

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: hólos

text: whole

text: and

text: kaustós

text: burnt

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Shoah

text: Hebrew

text: HaShoah

text: the

text: catastrophe

text: was

text: genocide

text: in

text: which

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: and

text: its

text: collaborators

text: killed

text: about

text: six

text: million

text: Jews

text: The

text: victims

text: included

text: million

text: children

text: and

text: represented

text: about

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: nine

text: million

text: Jews

text: who

text: had

text: resided

text: in

text: Europe

text: Some

text: definitions

text: of

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: include

text: the

text: additional

text: five

text: million

text: non

text: Jewish

text: victims

text: of

text: Nazi

text: mass

text: murders

text: bringing

text: the

text: total

text: to

text: about

text: million

text: Killings

text: took

text: place

text: throughout

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: German

text: occupied

text: territories

text: and

text: territories

text: held

text: by

text: allies

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: Deutsches Reich was the official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1943 in the German language. It translates literally to "German Empire", with a context approximating that of "German Realm". From 1943 to 1945, the official name was  but not formally proclaimed  Großdeutsches Reich ("Great German Reich") on account of the new territories annexed into the state's administration during the Second World War.

text: Deutsches

text: Reich

text: was

text: the

text: official

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: German

text: nation

text: state

text: from

text: to

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: language

text: It

text: translates

text: literally

text: to

text: German

text: Empire

text: with

text: context

text: approximating

text: that

text: of

text: German

text: Realm

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: official

text: name

text: was

text: but

text: not

text: formally

text: proclaimed

text: Großdeutsches

text: Reich

text: Great

text: German

text: Reich

text: on

text: account

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: territories

text: annexed

text: into

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: administration

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: A paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not included as part of a state's formal armed forces.

text: paramilitary

text: is

text: semi

text: militarized

text: force

text: whose

text: organizational

text: structure

text: tactics

text: training

text: subculture

text: and

text: often

text: function

text: are

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: professional

text: military

text: but

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: included

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: state

text: 's

text: formal

text: armed

text: forces

text: Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwi (13 June 1775  7 April 1833) was a Polish and Prussian noble, aristocrat, musician and politician. Initially a hereditary Duke of Niewie and Oyka, as a scion of the Radziwi family he also held the honorific title of a "Reichsfürst" of the Holy Roman Empire. Between 1815 and 1831 he acted as "Duke-Governor" of the Grand Duchy of Posen, an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia created out of Greater Polish lands annexed in the Partitions of Poland.

text: Prince

text: Antoni

text: Henryk

text: Radziwi

text: June

text: April

text: was

text: Polish

text: and

text: Prussian

text: noble

text: aristocrat

text: musician

text: and

text: politician

text: Initially

text: hereditary

text: Duke

text: of

text: Niewie

text: and

text: Oyka

text: as

text: scion

text: of

text: the

text: Radziwi

text: family

text: he

text: also

text: held

text: the

text: honorific

text: title

text: of

text: Reichsfürst

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Between

text: and

text: he

text: acted

text: as

text: Duke

text: Governor

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Posen

text: an

text: autonomous

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Prussia

text: created

text: out

text: of

text: Greater

text: Polish

text: lands

text: annexed

text: in

text: the

text: Partitions

text: of

text: Poland

text: SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV), rendered in English as Death's Head Units, was the SS organization responsible for administering the Nazi concentration camps for the Third Reich, among similar duties. While the "Totenkopf" (skull) was the universal cap badge of the SS, the SS-TV also wore the Death's Head insignia on the right collar when needed; to distinguish itself from other Nazi "Schutzstaffel" (SS) formations.

text: SS

text: Totenkopfverbände

text: SS

text: TV

text: rendered

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: Death

text: 's

text: Head

text: Units

text: was

text: the

text: SS

text: organization

text: responsible

text: for

text: administering

text: the

text: Nazi

text: concentration

text: camps

text: for

text: the

text: Third

text: Reich

text: among

text: similar

text: duties

text: While

text: the

text: Totenkopf

text: skull

text: was

text: the

text: universal

text: cap

text: badge

text: of

text: the

text: SS

text: the

text: SS

text: TV

text: also

text: wore

text: the

text: Death

text: 's

text: Head

text: insignia

text: on

text: the

text: right

text: collar

text: when

text: needed

text: to

text: distinguish

text: itself

text: from

text: other

text: Nazi

text: Schutzstaffel

text: SS

text: formations

text: The SS Main Office (SS-HA) was the central command office of the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) in Nazi Germany until 1940.

text: The

text: SS

text: Main

text: Office

text: SS

text: HA

text: was

text: the

text: central

text: command

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: Schutzstaffel

text: SS

text: in

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: until

text: The Führerbunker was an air-raid shelter located near the Reich Chancellery in Berlin, Germany. It was part of a subterranean bunker complex constructed in two phases which were completed in 1936 and 1944. It was the last of the Führer Headquarters ("Führerhauptquartiere") used by Adolf Hitler during World War II.

text: The

text: Führerbunker

text: was

text: an

text: air

text: raid

text: shelter

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: Reich

text: Chancellery

text: in

text: Berlin

text: Germany

text: It

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: subterranean

text: bunker

text: complex

text: constructed

text: in

text: two

text: phases

text: which

text: were

text: completed

text: in

text: and

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: the

text: Führer

text: Headquarters

text: Führerhauptquartiere

text: used

text: by

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Hans Otto Georg Hermann Fegelein (30 October 1906  28 April 1945) was a high-ranking commander in the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany. He was a member of Adolf Hitler's entourage and brother-in-law to Eva Braun through his marriage to her sister, Gretl.

text: Hans

text: Otto

text: Georg

text: Hermann

text: Fegelein

text: October

text: April

text: was

text: high

text: ranking

text: commander

text: in

text: the

text: Waffen

text: SS

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: He

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: entourage

text: and

text: brother

text: in

text: law

text: to

text: Eva

text: Braun

text: through

text: his

text: marriage

text: to

text: her

text: sister

text: Gretl

text: World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.

text: World

text: War

text: WWI

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: or

text: the

text: Great

text: War

text: was

text: global

text: war

text: originating

text: in

text: Europe

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: July

text: to

text: November

text: More

text: than

text: million

text: military

text: personnel

text: including

text: million

text: Europeans

text: were

text: mobilised

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: wars

text: in

text: history

text: Over

text: nine

text: million

text: combatants

text: and

text: seven

text: million

text: civilians

text: died

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: including

text: the

text: victims

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: genocides

text: casualty

text: rate

text: exacerbated

text: by

text: the

text: belligerents

text: technological

text: and

text: industrial

text: sophistication

text: and

text: the

text: tactical

text: stalemate

text: caused

text: by

text: gruelling

text: trench

text: warfare

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: deadliest

text: conflicts

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: major

text: political

text: changes

text: including

text: revolutions

text: in

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: nations

text: involved

text: A chauffeur is a person employed to drive a passenger motor vehicle, especially a luxury vehicle such as a large sedan or limousine. A woman employed to drive a passenger motor vehicle is a chauffeuse.

text: chauffeur

text: is

text: person

text: employed

text: to

text: drive

text: passenger

text: motor

text: vehicle

text: especially

text: luxury

text: vehicle

text: such

text: as

text: large

text: sedan

text: or

text: limousine

text: woman

text: employed

text: to

text: drive

text: passenger

text: motor

text: vehicle

text: is

text: chauffeuse

text: The National Socialist German Workers' Party (abbreviated NSDAP), commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945 and practised the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor, the German Workers' Party ("Deutsche Arbeiterpartei"; DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920.

text: The

text: National

text: Socialist

text: German

text: Workers

text: Party

text: abbreviated

text: NSDAP

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: was

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Germany

text: that

text: was

text: active

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: practised

text: the

text: ideology

text: of

text: Nazism

text: Its

text: precursor

text: the

text: German

text: Workers

text: Party

text: Deutsche

text: Arbeiterpartei

text: DAP

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: The Reich Chancellery was the traditional name of the office of the Chancellor of Germany (then called "Reichskanzler") in the period of the German Reich from 1871 to 1945. The Chancellery's seat from 1875 was the former city palace of Prince Antoni Radziwi (17751833) on Wilhelmstraße in Berlin. Both the palace and a new Reich Chancellery building (completed in early 1939) were seriously damaged during World War II and subsequently demolished.

text: The

text: Reich

text: Chancellery

text: was

text: the

text: traditional

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: Chancellor

text: of

text: Germany

text: then

text: called

text: Reichskanzler

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Reich

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: Chancellery

text: 's

text: seat

text: from

text: was

text: the

text: former

text: city

text: palace

text: of

text: Prince

text: Antoni

text: Radziwi

text: on

text: Wilhelmstraße

text: in

text: Berlin

text: Both

text: the

text: palace

text: and

text: new

text: Reich

text: Chancellery

text: building

text: completed

text: in

text: early

text: were

text: seriously

text: damaged

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: subsequently

text: demolished

text: The Allgemeine SS (General SS) was the most numerous branch of the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany, and it was managed by the SS Main Office ("SS-Hauptamt"). The "Allgemeine SS" was officially established in the autumn of 1934 to distinguish its members from the "SS-Verfügungstruppe" (SS Dispositional Troops or SS-VT) which later became the Waffen-SS, and the "SS-Totenkopfverbände" (SS Death's Head Units or SS-TV) which managed the Nazi concentration camps.

text: The

text: Allgemeine

text: SS

text: General

text: SS

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: numerous

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Schutzstaffel

text: SS

text: paramilitary

text: forces

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: SS

text: Main

text: Office

text: SS

text: Hauptamt

text: The

text: Allgemeine

text: SS

text: was

text: officially

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: autumn

text: of

text: to

text: distinguish

text: its

text: members

text: from

text: the

text: SS

text: Verfügungstruppe

text: SS

text: Dispositional

text: Troops

text: or

text: SS

text: VT

text: which

text: later

text: became

text: the

text: Waffen

text: SS

text: and

text: the

text: SS

text: Totenkopfverbände

text: SS

text: Death

text: 's

text: Head

text: Units

text: or

text: SS

text: TV

text: which

text: managed

text: the

text: Nazi

text: concentration

text: camps

text: Munich (also in British English ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and the 12th biggest city of the European Union, with a population of above 1.5 million. The Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 5.8 million people.

text: Munich

text: also

text: in

text: British

text: English

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: state

text: of

text: Bavaria

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: River

text: Isar

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Bavarian

text: Alps

text: Munich

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Germany

text: after

text: Berlin

text: and

text: Hamburg

text: and

text: the

text: biggest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: above

text: million

text: The

text: Munich

text: Metropolitan

text: Region

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: million

text: people

text: Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Germany

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: constituent

text: states

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: and

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Located

text: in

text: northeastern

text: Germany

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: rivers

text: Spree

text: and

text: Havel

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Brandenburg

text: Metropolitan

text: Region

text: which

text: has

text: about

text: million

text: residents

text: from

text: more

text: than

text: nations

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Plain

text: Berlin

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: Around

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: area

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: forests

text: parks

text: gardens

text: rivers

text: and

text: lakes

text: Obersturmbannführer was a paramilitary Nazi Party rank used by both the SA and the SS. It was created in May 1933 to fill the need for an additional rank above "Sturmbannführer" as the SA expanded. It became an SS rank at the same time. Translated as "senior assault (or storm) unit leader", "Obersturmbannführer" was junior to "Standartenführer" and was the equivalent to "Oberstleutnant" (lieutenant colonel) in the German Army. The insignia for "Obersturmbannführer" was four silver pips and a stripe, centered on the left collar of an SS/SA uniform. The rank also displayed the shoulder boards of a Wehrmacht "Oberstleutnant" and was the highest SS/SA rank to display unit insignia on the opposite collar.

text: Obersturmbannführer

text: was

text: paramilitary

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: rank

text: used

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: SA

text: and

text: the

text: SS

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: May

text: to

text: fill

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: an

text: additional

text: rank

text: above

text: Sturmbannführer

text: as

text: the

text: SA

text: expanded

text: It

text: became

text: an

text: SS

text: rank

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: Translated

text: as

text: senior

text: assault

text: or

text: storm

text: unit

text: leader

text: Obersturmbannführer

text: was

text: junior

text: to

text: Standartenführer

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: equivalent

text: to

text: Oberstleutnant

text: lieutenant

text: colonel

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: Army

text: The

text: insignia

text: for

text: Obersturmbannführer

text: was

text: four

text: silver

text: pips

text: and

text: stripe

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: left

text: collar

text: of

text: an

text: SS

text: SA

text: uniform

text: The

text: rank

text: also

text: displayed

text: the

text: shoulder

text: boards

text: of

text: Wehrmacht

text: Oberstleutnant

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: SS

text: SA

text: rank

text: to

text: display

text: unit

text: insignia

text: on

text: the

text: opposite

text: collar

text: Luxury vehicle is a marketing term for a vehicle that provides luxury  pleasant or desirable features beyond strict necessity  at increased expense (see luxury goods).

text: Luxury

text: vehicle

text: is

text: marketing

text: term

text: for

text: vehicle

text: that

text: provides

text: luxury

text: pleasant

text: or

text: desirable

text: features

text: beyond

text: strict

text: necessity

text: at

text: increased

text: expense

text: see

text: luxury

text: goods

text: The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, or the 1939 Defensive War in Poland (or "Wojna obronna 1939 roku"), and alternatively the Poland Campaign or "Fall Weiss" in Germany (Case White), was a joint invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Free City of Danzig, the Soviet Union, and a small Slovak contingent, that marked the beginning of World War II in Europe. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, while the Soviet invasion commenced on 17 September following the Molotov-Tg agreement that terminated the Russian and Japanese hostilities in the east on 16 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German-Soviet Frontier Treaty.

text: The

text: Invasion

text: of

text: Poland

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: September

text: Campaign

text: or

text: the

text: Defensive

text: War

text: in

text: Poland

text: or

text: Wojna

text: obronna

text: roku

text: and

text: alternatively

text: the

text: Poland

text: Campaign

text: or

text: Fall

text: Weiss

text: in

text: Germany

text: Case

text: White

text: was

text: joint

text: invasion

text: of

text: Poland

text: by

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Danzig

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: small

text: Slovak

text: contingent

text: that

text: marked

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: German

text: invasion

text: began

text: on

text: September

text: one

text: week

text: after

text: the

text: signing

text: of

text: the

text: MolotovRibbentrop

text: Pact

text: while

text: the

text: Soviet

text: invasion

text: commenced

text: on

text: September

text: following

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Tg

text: agreement

text: that

text: terminated

text: the

text: Russian

text: and

text: Japanese

text: hostilities

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: campaign

text: ended

text: on

text: October

text: with

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: dividing

text: and

text: annexing

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Poland

text: under

text: the

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Soviet

text: Frontier

text: Treaty

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows multiple

question: member_of erich kempka

answer: schutzstaffel

text: schutzstaffel

text: schutzstaffel

text: schutzstaffel

text: schutzstaffel


text: A vicar (Latin: "vicarius") is a representative, deputy or substitute; anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior (compare "vicarious" in the sense of "at second hand"). Linguistically, "vicar" is cognate with the English prefix "vice", similarly meaning "deputy". The title appears in a number of Christian ecclesiastical contexts, but also as an administrative title, or title modifier, in the Roman Empire. In addition, in the Holy Roman Empire a local representative of the emperor, perhaps an archduke, might be styled "vicar".

text: vicar

text: Latin

text: vicarius

text: is

text: representative

text: deputy

text: or

text: substitute

text: anyone

text: acting

text: in

text: the

text: person

text: of

text: or

text: agent

text: for

text: superior

text: compare

text: vicarious

text: in

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: at

text: second

text: hand

text: Linguistically

text: vicar

text: is

text: cognate

text: with

text: the

text: English

text: prefix

text: vice

text: similarly

text: meaning

text: deputy

text: The

text: title

text: appears

text: in

text: number

text: of

text: Christian

text: ecclesiastical

text: contexts

text: but

text: also

text: as

text: an

text: administrative

text: title

text: or

text: title

text: modifier

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: In

text: addition

text: in

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: local

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: emperor

text: perhaps

text: an

text: archduke

text: might

text: be

text: styled

text: vicar

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: The Rev Robert Henry Whitcombe ( 1862 -- 1922 ) was an eminent Anglican Bishop in the early decades of the twentieth century . Educated at Winchester and New College , Oxford , from 1886 to 1899 he was a schoolmaster at Wellington College and then Eton . After this he was Rector of Hardwick , Buckinghamshire and then Vicar of Romford before a 13 - year spell as Bishop of Colchester from 1909 . A memorial window to him is situated on the south wall of St Mary at the Walls , Colchester .

text: The

text: Rev

text: Robert

text: Henry

text: Whitcombe

text: was

text: an

text: eminent

text: Anglican

text: Bishop

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: decades

text: of

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: Educated

text: at

text: Winchester

text: and

text: New

text: College

text: Oxford

text: from

text: to

text: he

text: was

text: schoolmaster

text: at

text: Wellington

text: College

text: and

text: then

text: Eton

text: After

text: this

text: he

text: was

text: Rector

text: of

text: Hardwick

text: Buckinghamshire

text: and

text: then

text: Vicar

text: of

text: Romford

text: before

text: year

text: spell

text: as

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Colchester

text: from

text: memorial

text: window

text: to

text: him

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: wall

text: of

text: St

text: Mary

text: at

text: the

text: Walls

text: Colchester

text: Romford is a large town in East London, England, and the administrative centre of the London Borough of Havering. It is located northeast of Charing Cross and is one of the major metropolitan centres identified in the London Plan. It was historically a market town in the county of Essex and formed the administrative centre of the liberty of Havering, until it was dissolved in 1892. Good road links and the opening of the railway station in 1839 were key to the development of the town and the economic history of Romford is underpinned by a shift from agriculture to light industry and then to retail and commerce. As part of the suburban growth of London in the 20th century, Romford significantly expanded and increased in population, becoming a municipal borough in 1937 and has formed part of Greater London since 1965. It now forms one of the largest commercial, retail, entertainment and leisure districts outside central London and has a developed night time economy.

text: Romford

text: is

text: large

text: town

text: in

text: East

text: London

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: London

text: Borough

text: of

text: Havering

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: northeast

text: of

text: Charing

text: Cross

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: metropolitan

text: centres

text: identified

text: in

text: the

text: London

text: Plan

text: It

text: was

text: historically

text: market

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Essex

text: and

text: formed

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: liberty

text: of

text: Havering

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: dissolved

text: in

text: Good

text: road

text: links

text: and

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: the

text: railway

text: station

text: in

text: were

text: key

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: and

text: the

text: economic

text: history

text: of

text: Romford

text: is

text: underpinned

text: by

text: shift

text: from

text: agriculture

text: to

text: light

text: industry

text: and

text: then

text: to

text: retail

text: and

text: commerce

text: As

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: suburban

text: growth

text: of

text: London

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Romford

text: significantly

text: expanded

text: and

text: increased

text: in

text: population

text: becoming

text: municipal

text: borough

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: since

text: It

text: now

text: forms

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: commercial

text: retail

text: entertainment

text: and

text: leisure

text: districts

text: outside

text: central

text: London

text: and

text: has

text: developed

text: night

text: time

text: economy

text: William of Wykeham (1320 or 1324  27 September 1404) was Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. He founded New College Oxford and New College School in 1379, and founded Winchester College in 1382. He was also the clerk of works when much of Windsor Castle was built.

text: William

text: of

text: Wykeham

text: or

text: September

text: was

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Winchester

text: and

text: Chancellor

text: of

text: England

text: He

text: founded

text: New

text: College

text: Oxford

text: and

text: New

text: College

text: School

text: in

text: and

text: founded

text: Winchester

text: College

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: clerk

text: of

text: works

text: when

text: much

text: of

text: Windsor

text: Castle

text: was

text: built

text: Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: "Erzherzog", feminine form: "Erzherzogin") was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within the former Holy Roman Empire (9621806), which was below that of Emperor and King and above that of (debatably) a Grand Duke, Duke and Prince.

text: Archduke

text: feminine

text: Archduchess

text: German

text: Erzherzog

text: feminine

text: form

text: Erzherzogin

text: was

text: the

text: title

text: borne

text: from

text: by

text: the

text: Habsburg

text: rulers

text: of

text: the

text: Archduchy

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: later

text: by

text: all

text: senior

text: members

text: of

text: that

text: dynasty

text: It

text: denotes

text: rank

text: within

text: the

text: former

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: which

text: was

text: below

text: that

text: of

text: Emperor

text: and

text: King

text: and

text: above

text: that

text: of

text: debatably

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: Duke

text: and

text: Prince

text: The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University or simply Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England, United Kingdom. While having no known date of foundation, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in continuous operation. It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled northeast to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two "ancient universities" are frequently jointly referred to as "Oxbridge".

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: informally

text: Oxford

text: University

text: or

text: simply

text: Oxford

text: is

text: collegiate

text: research

text: university

text: located

text: in

text: Oxford

text: England

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: While

text: having

text: no

text: known

text: date

text: of

text: foundation

text: there

text: is

text: evidence

text: of

text: teaching

text: as

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: oldest

text: university

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: oldest

text: university

text: in

text: continuous

text: operation

text: It

text: grew

text: rapidly

text: from

text: when

text: Henry

text: II

text: banned

text: English

text: students

text: from

text: attending

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Paris

text: After

text: disputes

text: between

text: students

text: and

text: Oxford

text: townsfolk

text: in

text: some

text: academics

text: fled

text: northeast

text: to

text: Cambridge

text: where

text: they

text: established

text: what

text: became

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Cambridge

text: The

text: two

text: ancient

text: universities

text: are

text: frequently

text: jointly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Oxbridge

text: New College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1379 by William of Wykeham, the full name of the college is The Warden and Scholars of St Mary's College of Winchester in Oxford. The name "New College", however, soon came to be used following its completion in 1386 to distinguish it from the older existing college of St. Mary, now known as Oriel College.

text: New

text: College

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: constituent

text: colleges

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Founded

text: in

text: by

text: William

text: of

text: Wykeham

text: the

text: full

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: college

text: is

text: The

text: Warden

text: and

text: Scholars

text: of

text: St

text: Mary

text: 's

text: College

text: of

text: Winchester

text: in

text: Oxford

text: The

text: name

text: New

text: College

text: however

text: soon

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: following

text: its

text: completion

text: in

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: the

text: older

text: existing

text: college

text: of

text: St.

text: Mary

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Oriel

text: College

question: educated_at robert whitcombe

answer: winchester college

text: winchester college


text:
Biography.
Koike starred in Kunitoshi Manda's film "The Kiss". She appeared in Kiyoshi Kurosawa's 2012 television drama "Penance". Koike co-starred in Junji Sakamoto's "A Chorus of Angels" with Sayuri Yoshinaga. She also co-starred in Masanori Tominaga's "Vengeance Can Wait" with Takayuki Yamada.
She was once nominated for Best Supporting Actress at Japan Academy Prize, for her outstanding performance in the film "Rebirth".

text: Biography

text: Koike

text: starred

text: in

text: Kunitoshi

text: Manda

text: 's

text: film

text: The

text: Kiss

text: She

text: appeared

text: in

text: Kiyoshi

text: Kurosawa

text: 's

text: television

text: drama

text: Penance

text: Koike

text: co

text: starred

text: in

text: Junji

text: Sakamoto

text: 's

text: Chorus

text: of

text: Angels

text: with

text: Sayuri

text: Yoshinaga

text: She

text: also

text: co

text: starred

text: in

text: Masanori

text: Tominaga

text: 's

text: Vengeance

text: Can

text: Wait

text: with

text: Takayuki

text: Yamada

text: She

text: was

text: once

text: nominated

text: for

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actress

text: at

text: Japan

text: Academy

text: Prize

text: for

text: her

text: outstanding

text: performance

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: Rebirth

text:
Synopsis.
Orichalcum is a rare and powerful material from a meteorite that was forged into three priceless artifacts. Those that can unite the three items are said to attain great power within the universe. Two conflicting alien forces fight and crash land in ancient Japan to get Orichalcum. Yorozu Genkurou, a samurai who managed to acquire the sword called "Taitei no Ken (The Sword of Alexander)" soon realizes its true potential as he battles ninjas and aliens that covet his life and sword.

text: Synopsis

text: Orichalcum

text: is

text: rare

text: and

text: powerful

text: material

text: from

text: meteorite

text: that

text: was

text: forged

text: into

text: three

text: priceless

text: artifacts

text: Those

text: that

text: can

text: unite

text: the

text: three

text: items

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: attain

text: great

text: power

text: within

text: the

text: universe

text: Two

text: conflicting

text: alien

text: forces

text: fight

text: and

text: crash

text: land

text: in

text: ancient

text: Japan

text: to

text: get

text: Orichalcum

text: Yorozu

text: Genkurou

text: samurai

text: who

text: managed

text: to

text: acquire

text: the

text: sword

text: called

text: Taitei

text: no

text: Ken

text: The

text: Sword

text: of

text: Alexander

text: soon

text: realizes

text: its

text: true

text: potential

text: as

text: he

text: battles

text: ninjas

text: and

text: aliens

text: that

text: covet

text: his

text: life

text: and

text: sword

text: Aragami (also known as Aragami: The Raging God of Battle) is a 2003 Japanese action film directed by Ryuhei Kitamura. It was Kitamura's contribution to the Duel Project, a challenge issued by producer Shinya Kawai to him and fellow director Yukihiko Tsutsumi to film a feature-length movie with only two actors, battling in one setting, in only the time frame of one week.

text: Aragami

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Aragami

text: The

text: Raging

text: God

text: of

text: Battle

text: is

text: Japanese

text: action

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Ryuhei

text: Kitamura

text: It

text: was

text: Kitamura

text: 's

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: Duel

text: Project

text: challenge

text: issued

text: by

text: producer

text: Shinya

text: Kawai

text: to

text: him

text: and

text: fellow

text: director

text: Yukihiko

text: Tsutsumi

text: to

text: film

text: feature

text: length

text: movie

text: with

text: only

text: two

text: actors

text: battling

text: in

text: one

text: setting

text: in

text: only

text: the

text: time

text: frame

text: of

text: one

text: week

text: Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour, and sprawls towards the Blue Mountains to the west. Residents of Sydney are known as "Sydneysiders". Sydney is the second official seat and second official residence of the Governor-General of Australia and the Prime Minister of Australia and many federal ministries maintain substantial presences in Sydney.

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: Oceania

text: Located

text: on

text: Australia

text: 's

text: east

text: coast

text: the

text: metropolis

text: surrounds

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: natural

text: harbour

text: and

text: sprawls

text: towards

text: the

text: Blue

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Residents

text: of

text: Sydney

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: Sydneysiders

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: official

text: seat

text: and

text: second

text: official

text: residence

text: of

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: many

text: federal

text: ministries

text: maintain

text: substantial

text: presences

text: in

text: Sydney

text: The Duel Project was a challenge issued to Ryuhei Kitamura and Yukihiko Tsutsumi by producer Shinya Kawai during a night of drinking . The challenge was for the two directors to see who could make the best feature film with two principal actors / actresses battling in one principal location in the time span of one week . Kitamura 's half was the film Aragami with Tsutsumi 's being 2LDK .

text: The

text: Duel

text: Project

text: was

text: challenge

text: issued

text: to

text: Ryuhei

text: Kitamura

text: and

text: Yukihiko

text: Tsutsumi

text: by

text: producer

text: Shinya

text: Kawai

text: during

text: night

text: of

text: drinking

text: The

text: challenge

text: was

text: for

text: the

text: two

text: directors

text: to

text: see

text: who

text: could

text: make

text: the

text: best

text: feature

text: film

text: with

text: two

text: principal

text: actors

text: actresses

text: battling

text: in

text: one

text: principal

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: time

text: span

text: of

text: one

text: week

text: Kitamura

text: 's

text: half

text: was

text: the

text: film

text: Aragami

text: with

text: Tsutsumi

text: 's

text: being

text: He directed "Taitei no Ken", an original work by Baku Yumemakura, in 2007.

text: He

text: directed

text: Taitei

text: no

text: Ken

text: an

text: original

text: work

text: by

text: Baku

text: Yumemakura

text: in

text: 2LDK is a 2003 Japanese film, directed by Yukihiko Tsutsumi as part of the Duel Project, starring Maho Nonami and Eiko Koike.

text: is

text: Japanese

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Yukihiko

text: Tsutsumi

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Duel

text: Project

text: starring

text: Maho

text: Nonami

text: and

text: Eiko

text: Koike

text:
Biography.
Early life.
Kitamura was born in Osaka, Japan. He dropped out of high school at age 17 and relocated to Sydney, Australia, where he attended a school for visual arts. His first film as director was the short "Exit", which he made as his graduation piece at age 19.

text: Biography

text: Early

text: life

text: Kitamura

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Osaka

text: Japan

text: He

text: dropped

text: out

text: of

text: high

text: school

text: at

text: age

text: and

text: relocated

text: to

text: Sydney

text: Australia

text: where

text: he

text: attended

text: school

text: for

text: visual

text: arts

text: His

text: first

text: film

text: as

text: director

text: was

text: the

text: short

text: Exit

text: which

text: he

text: made

text: as

text: his

text: graduation

text: piece

text: at

text: age

text: Japan ("Nippon" or "Nihon" ; formally "" or "Nihon-koku", means "State of Japan") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest.

text: Japan

text: Nippon

text: or

text: Nihon

text: formally

text: or

text: Nihon

text: koku

text: means

text: State

text: of

text: Japan

text: is

text: sovereign

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Asia

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: lying

text: off

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Asia

text: Mainland

text: east

text: of

text: China

text: Korea

text: Russia

text: and

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Okhotsk

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: East

text: China

text: Sea

text: and

text: near

text: Taiwan

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

question: country_of_origin duel project

answer: japan

text: japan

text: japan

text: japan

text: japan

text: japan