text: The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period (the second half of the 20th century) between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine (a U.S. policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism) was announced, and 1991, the year the Soviet Union collapsed.

text: The

text: Cold

text: War

text: was

text: state

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: military

text: tension

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: between

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: its

text: satellite

text: states

text: and

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: its

text: NATO

text: allies

text: and

text: others

text: Historians

text: do

text: not

text: fully

text: agree

text: on

text: the

text: dates

text: but

text: common

text: timeframe

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: between

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: U.S.

text: policy

text: pledging

text: to

text: aid

text: nations

text: threatened

text: by

text: Soviet

text: expansionism

text: was

text: announced

text: and

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: collapsed

text: VH1 (originally an initialism of Video Hits One) is an American cable television network based in New York City that is owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of Viacom Media Networks. The channel was first launched on January 1, 1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting System's short-lived Cable Music Channel. It was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV (MTV and VH1 are now both owned by Viacom Media Networks).

text: originally

text: an

text: initialism

text: of

text: Video

text: Hits

text: One

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: cable

text: television

text: network

text: based

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: that

text: is

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: Viacom

text: Global

text: Entertainment

text: Group

text: unit

text: of

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text: The

text: channel

text: was

text: first

text: launched

text: on

text: January

text: in

text: the

text: old

text: space

text: of

text: Turner

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: 's

text: short

text: lived

text: Cable

text: Music

text: Channel

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: created

text: by

text: Warner

text: Amex

text: Satellite

text: Entertainment

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: division

text: of

text: Warner

text: Communications

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: owner

text: of

text: MTV

text: MTV

text: and

text: are

text: now

text: both

text: owned

text: by

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text:
Cable television is a system of delivering television programming to paying subscribers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables or, in the 2010s, light pulses through fiber-optic cables. This contrasts with broadcast television, in which the television signal is transmitted over the air by radio waves and received by a television antenna attached to the television. FM radio programming, high-speed Internet, telephone services, and similar non-television services may also be provided through these cables.
Analog television was standard in the 20th century, but since the 2000s, cable systems have been upgraded to digital cable operation.

text: Cable

text: television

text: is

text: system

text: of

text: delivering

text: television

text: programming

text: to

text: paying

text: subscribers

text: via

text: radio

text: frequency

text: RF

text: signals

text: transmitted

text: through

text: coaxial

text: cables

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: pulses

text: through

text: fiber

text: optic

text: cables

text: This

text: contrasts

text: with

text: broadcast

text: television

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: television

text: signal

text: is

text: transmitted

text: over

text: the

text: air

text: by

text: radio

text: waves

text: and

text: received

text: by

text: television

text: antenna

text: attached

text: to

text: the

text: television

text: FM

text: radio

text: programming

text: high

text: speed

text: Internet

text: telephone

text: services

text: and

text: similar

text: non

text: television

text: services

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: provided

text: through

text: these

text: cables

text: Analog

text: television

text: was

text: standard

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: since

text: the

text: cable

text: systems

text: have

text: been

text: upgraded

text: to

text: digital

text: cable

text: operation

text: Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. With an estimated 90.5 million inhabitants , it is the world's 14th-most-populous country, and the eighth-most-populous Asian country. Vietnam is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest, and the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia across the South China Sea to the east and southeast. Its capital city has been Hanoi since the reunification of North and South Vietnam in 1976.

text: Vietnam

text: officially

text: the

text: Socialist

text: Republic

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: SRV

text: is

text: the

text: easternmost

text: country

text: on

text: the

text: Indochina

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: and

text: the

text: eighth

text: most

text: populous

text: Asian

text: country

text: Vietnam

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Laos

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Cambodia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Thailand

text: across

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Thailand

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Malaysia

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: across

text: the

text: South

text: China

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Its

text: capital

text: city

text: has

text: been

text: Hanoi

text: since

text: the

text: reunification

text: of

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: in

text: North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV), was a state in Southeast Asia which existed from 1945 to 1976. Vietnamese revolutionary leader Ho Chi Minh declared independence from France on 2 September 1945 and announced the creation of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. France reasserted its colonial dominance and a war ensued between France and the Viet Minh, led by Ho. The Viet Minh ("League for the Independence of Vietnam") was a coalition of nationalist groups, mostly led by communists. In February 1951, the communists announced the creation of the Lao ng Party (Labor Party), gradually marginalizing non-communists in the Viet Minh.

text: North

text: Vietnam

text: officially

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: DRV

text: was

text: state

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: which

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: Vietnamese

text: revolutionary

text: leader

text: Ho

text: Chi

text: Minh

text: declared

text: independence

text: from

text: France

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: announced

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: France

text: reasserted

text: its

text: colonial

text: dominance

text: and

text: war

text: ensued

text: between

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: Viet

text: Minh

text: led

text: by

text: Ho

text: The

text: Viet

text: Minh

text: League

text: for

text: the

text: Independence

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: was

text: coalition

text: of

text: nationalist

text: groups

text: mostly

text: led

text: by

text: communists

text: In

text: February

text: the

text: communists

text: announced

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Lao

text: ng

text: Party

text: Labor

text: Party

text: gradually

text: marginalizing

text: non

text: communists

text: in

text: the

text: Viet

text: Minh

text: Viacom Media Networks (formerly MTV Networks) is an American mass media division of Viacom that oversees the operations of many of its television channels and Internet brands, including Nickelodeon, BET, CMT, Comedy Central, VH1 and the original MTV channel in the United States. Its sister international division is Viacom International Media Networks.

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text: formerly

text: MTV

text: Networks

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: mass

text: media

text: division

text: of

text: Viacom

text: that

text: oversees

text: the

text: operations

text: of

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: television

text: channels

text: and

text: Internet

text: brands

text: including

text: Nickelodeon

text: BET

text: CMT

text: Comedy

text: Central

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: MTV

text: channel

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Its

text: sister

text: international

text: division

text: is

text: Viacom

text: International

text: Media

text: Networks

text: Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the magazine's publisher, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. It was first known for its musical coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors, and popular music. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content.

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: biweekly

text: magazine

text: that

text: focuses

text: on

text: popular

text: culture

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: in

text: by

text: Jann

text: Wenner

text: who

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: magazine

text: 's

text: publisher

text: and

text: the

text: music

text: critic

text: Ralph

text: Gleason

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: musical

text: coverage

text: and

text: for

text: political

text: reporting

text: by

text: Hunter

text: Thompson

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: magazine

text: shifted

text: focus

text: to

text: younger

text: readership

text: interested

text: in

text: youth

text: oriented

text: television

text: shows

text: film

text: actors

text: and

text: popular

text: music

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: it

text: has

text: resumed

text: its

text: traditional

text: mix

text: of

text: content

text: A proxy war is a conflict between two states or non-state actors where neither entity directly engages the other. While this can encompass a breadth of armed confrontation, its core definition hinges on two separate powers utilizing external strife to somehow attack the interests or territorial holdings of the other. This frequently involves both countries fighting their opponent's allies, or assisting their allies in fighting their opponent.

text: proxy

text: war

text: is

text: conflict

text: between

text: two

text: states

text: or

text: non

text: state

text: actors

text: where

text: neither

text: entity

text: directly

text: engages

text: the

text: other

text: While

text: this

text: can

text: encompass

text: breadth

text: of

text: armed

text: confrontation

text: its

text: core

text: definition

text: hinges

text: on

text: two

text: separate

text: powers

text: utilizing

text: external

text: strife

text: to

text: somehow

text: attack

text: the

text: interests

text: or

text: territorial

text: holdings

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: This

text: frequently

text: involves

text: both

text: countries

text: fighting

text: their

text: opponent

text: 's

text: allies

text: or

text: assisting

text: their

text: allies

text: in

text: fighting

text: their

text: opponent

text: MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as "video jockeys" (VJs). In its early years, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily towards teenagers, high school students and college students. MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods. It has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTV's influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years.

text: MTV

text: originally

text: an

text: initialism

text: of

text: Music

text: Television

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: cable

text: and

text: satellite

text: television

text: channel

text: owned

text: by

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text: division

text: of

text: Viacom

text: and

text: headquartered

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Launched

text: on

text: August

text: the

text: channel

text: originally

text: aired

text: music

text: videos

text: as

text: guided

text: by

text: television

text: personalities

text: known

text: as

text: video

text: jockeys

text: VJs

text: In

text: its

text: early

text: years

text: MTV

text: 's

text: main

text: target

text: demographic

text: was

text: young

text: adults

text: but

text: today

text: it

text: is

text: primarily

text: towards

text: teenagers

text: high

text: school

text: students

text: and

text: college

text: students

text: MTV

text: has

text: toned

text: down

text: its

text: music

text: video

text: programming

text: significantly

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: and

text: its

text: programming

text: now

text: consists

text: mainly

text: of

text: original

text: reality

text: comedy

text: and

text: drama

text: programming

text: and

text: some

text: off

text: network

text: syndicated

text: programs

text: and

text: films

text: with

text: limited

text: music

text: video

text: programming

text: in

text: off

text: peak

text: time

text: periods

text: It

text: has

text: received

text: criticism

text: towards

text: this

text: change

text: of

text: focus

text: both

text: by

text: certain

text: segments

text: of

text: its

text: audience

text: and

text: musicians

text: MTV

text: 's

text: influence

text: on

text: its

text: audience

text: including

text: issues

text: involving

text: censorship

text: and

text: social

text: activism

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: subject

text: of

text: debate

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment was a joint venture owned/operated by Warner Communications and American Express that developed interactive television shows in the 1970s and 80's and initiated several successful cable networks that remain well-known.

text: Warner

text: Amex

text: Satellite

text: Entertainment

text: was

text: joint

text: venture

text: owned

text: operated

text: by

text: Warner

text: Communications

text: and

text: American

text: Express

text: that

text: developed

text: interactive

text: television

text: shows

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: 's

text: and

text: initiated

text: several

text: successful

text: cable

text: networks

text: that

text: remain

text: well

text: known

text: Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (known professionally as Turner Broadcasting System and also known simply as Turner) is an American media conglomerate that is a division of Time Warner and manages the collection of cable television networks and properties initiated or acquired by Ted Turner. The company was founded in 1970, and merged with Time Warner on October 10, 1996. It now operates as a semi-autonomous unit of Time Warner. The company's assets include CNN, HLN, TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang and TruTV. The company's current chairman and CEO is John K. Martin. The headquarters of Turner's properties are located in both the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios. Across Interstate 75/85 from the Techwood campus is the original home of Turner's WTBS superstation (now separated into its TBS cable network and Peachtree TV), which today houses the headquarters of Adult Swim and Williams Street Productions.

text: Turner

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: Inc.

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Turner

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: and

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Turner

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: that

text: is

text: division

text: of

text: Time

text: Warner

text: and

text: manages

text: the

text: collection

text: of

text: cable

text: television

text: networks

text: and

text: properties

text: initiated

text: or

text: acquired

text: by

text: Ted

text: Turner

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: merged

text: with

text: Time

text: Warner

text: on

text: October

text: It

text: now

text: operates

text: as

text: semi

text: autonomous

text: unit

text: of

text: Time

text: Warner

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: assets

text: include

text: CNN

text: HLN

text: TBS

text: TNT

text: Cartoon

text: Network

text: Adult

text: Swim

text: Boomerang

text: and

text: TruTV

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: current

text: chairman

text: and

text: CEO

text: is

text: John

text: Martin

text: The

text: headquarters

text: of

text: Turner

text: 's

text: properties

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: CNN

text: Center

text: in

text: Downtown

text: Atlanta

text: and

text: the

text: Turner

text: Broadcasting

text: campus

text: off

text: Techwood

text: Drive

text: in

text: Midtown

text: Atlanta

text: which

text: also

text: houses

text: Turner

text: Studios

text: Across

text: Interstate

text: from

text: the

text: Techwood

text: campus

text: is

text: the

text: original

text: home

text: of

text: Turner

text: 's

text: WTBS

text: superstation

text: now

text: separated

text: into

text: its

text: TBS

text: cable

text: network

text: and

text: Peachtree

text: TV

text: which

text: today

text: houses

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: Adult

text: Swim

text: and

text: Williams

text: Street

text: Productions

text: The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20, 1983, by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun to recognize and archive the history of the best-known and most influential artists, producers, engineers, and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fame's permanent home. Since opening in September 1995, the "Rock Hall"  part of the city's redeveloped North Coast Harbor  has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $1.8 billion.

text: The

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: and

text: Museum

text: is

text: hall

text: of

text: fame

text: and

text: museum

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: Lake

text: Erie

text: in

text: downtown

text: Cleveland

text: Ohio

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: Foundation

text: was

text: established

text: on

text: April

text: by

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: founder

text: and

text: chairman

text: Ahmet

text: Ertegun

text: to

text: recognize

text: and

text: archive

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: artists

text: producers

text: engineers

text: and

text: other

text: notable

text: figures

text: who

text: have

text: had

text: some

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: In

text: Cleveland

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: hall

text: of

text: fame

text: 's

text: permanent

text: home

text: Since

text: opening

text: in

text: September

text: the

text: Rock

text: Hall

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: redeveloped

text: North

text: Coast

text: Harbor

text: has

text: hosted

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: visitors

text: and

text: had

text: cumulative

text: economic

text: impact

text: estimated

text: at

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: James Newell Osterberg, Jr., known professionally as Iggy Pop (born April 21, 1947), is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor. He was the vocalist of influential proto-punk band The Stooges, who reunited in 2003, and is well known for his outrageous and unpredictable stage antics.

text: James

text: Newell

text: Osterberg

text: Jr.

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Iggy

text: Pop

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: musician

text: and

text: actor

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: vocalist

text: of

text: influential

text: proto

text: punk

text: band

text: The

text: Stooges

text: who

text: reunited

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: outrageous

text: and

text: unpredictable

text: stage

text: antics

text: The Stooges, also known as Iggy and the Stooges, were an American rock band formed in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1967 by singer Iggy Pop, guitarist Ron Asheton, drummer Scott Asheton, and bassist Dave Alexander. Playing a raw, primitive style of rock and roll, the band sold few records in their original incarnation and gained a reputation for their confrontational performances, which often involved acts of self-mutilation by frontman Iggy Pop. After releasing two albums"The Stooges" (1969) and "Fun House" (1970)the group disbanded briefly, and reformed with a different lineup to release "Raw Power" (1973) before breaking up again in 1974. The band reunited in 2003 and was active until 2016 following the deaths of several original members.

text: The

text: Stooges

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Iggy

text: and

text: the

text: Stooges

text: were

text: an

text: American

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Michigan

text: in

text: by

text: singer

text: Iggy

text: Pop

text: guitarist

text: Ron

text: Asheton

text: drummer

text: Scott

text: Asheton

text: and

text: bassist

text: Dave

text: Alexander

text: Playing

text: raw

text: primitive

text: style

text: of

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: the

text: band

text: sold

text: few

text: records

text: in

text: their

text: original

text: incarnation

text: and

text: gained

text: reputation

text: for

text: their

text: confrontational

text: performances

text: which

text: often

text: involved

text: acts

text: of

text: self

text: mutilation

text: by

text: frontman

text: Iggy

text: Pop

text: After

text: releasing

text: two

text: albums"The

text: Stooges

text: and

text: Fun

text: House

text: group

text: disbanded

text: briefly

text: and

text: reformed

text: with

text: different

text: lineup

text: to

text: release

text: Raw

text: Power

text: before

text: breaking

text: up

text: again

text: in

text: The

text: band

text: reunited

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: active

text: until

text: following

text: the

text: deaths

text: of

text: several

text: original

text: members

text: Paul Bruce Dickinson (born 7 August 1958), known professionally as Bruce Dickinson, is an English singer, songwriter, musician, airline pilot, author and broadcaster. He is the lead singer of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden and is renowned for his wide-ranging operatic vocal style and energetic stage presence.

text: Paul

text: Bruce

text: Dickinson

text: born

text: August

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Bruce

text: Dickinson

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: musician

text: airline

text: pilot

text: author

text: and

text: broadcaster

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: lead

text: singer

text: of

text: the

text: heavy

text: metal

text: band

text: Iron

text: Maiden

text: and

text: is

text: renowned

text: for

text: his

text: wide

text: ranging

text: operatic

text: vocal

text: style

text: and

text: energetic

text: stage

text: presence

text: The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, and known in Vietnam as Resistance War Against America or simply the American War, was a war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam. The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies and the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States, South Korea, Australia, Thailand and other anti-communist allies and the war is therefore considered a Cold War-era proxy war.

text: The

text: Vietnam

text: War

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: Indochina

text: War

text: and

text: known

text: in

text: Vietnam

text: as

text: Resistance

text: War

text: Against

text: America

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: American

text: War

text: was

text: war

text: that

text: occurred

text: in

text: Vietnam

text: Laos

text: and

text: Cambodia

text: from

text: November

text: to

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Saigon

text: on

text: April

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: of

text: the

text: Indochina

text: Wars

text: and

text: was

text: officially

text: fought

text: between

text: North

text: Vietnam

text: and

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: The

text: North

text: Vietnamese

text: army

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: China

text: and

text: other

text: communist

text: allies

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Vietnamese

text: army

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: South

text: Korea

text: Australia

text: Thailand

text: and

text: other

text: anti

text: communist

text: allies

text: and

text: the

text: war

text: is

text: therefore

text: considered

text: Cold

text: War

text: era

text: proxy

text: war

text: Ralph Joseph Gleason (March 1, 1917  June 3, 1975) was an American jazz and pop music critic. He contributed for many years to the "San Francisco Chronicle", was a founding editor of "Rolling Stone" magazine, and cofounder of the Monterey Jazz Festival.

text: Ralph

text: Joseph

text: Gleason

text: March

text: June

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: jazz

text: and

text: pop

text: music

text: critic

text: He

text: contributed

text: for

text: many

text: years

text: to

text: the

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Chronicle

text: was

text: founding

text: editor

text: of

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: magazine

text: and

text: cofounder

text: of

text: the

text: Monterey

text: Jazz

text: Festival

text: Raw Power is the third studio album by American rock band The Stooges (credited as "Iggy and the Stooges"). It was released on February 7, 1973, by Columbia Records.

text: Raw

text: Power

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: American

text: rock

text: band

text: The

text: Stooges

text: credited

text: as

text: Iggy

text: and

text: the

text: Stooges

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: February

text: by

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: Proto-punk (or "protopunk") is the rock music played by garage bands<ref name="Bangs (RS-2nd ed./Garage)"></ref> from the 1960s and early 1970s that presaged the punk rock movement. A retroactive label, the musicians involved were not originally associated with each other, coming from a variety of backgrounds and styles, but together they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

text: Proto

text: punk

text: or

text: protopunk

text: is

text: the

text: rock

text: music

text: played

text: by

text: garage

text: bands

text: ref

text: name="Bangs

text: ed./Garage)"></ref

text: from

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: that

text: presaged

text: the

text: punk

text: rock

text: movement

text: retroactive

text: label

text: the

text: musicians

text: involved

text: were

text: not

text: originally

text: associated

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: coming

text: from

text: variety

text: of

text: backgrounds

text: and

text: styles

text: but

text: together

text: they

text: anticipated

text: many

text: of

text: punk

text: 's

text: musical

text: and

text: thematic

text: attributes

text: David Robert Jones (8 January 1947  10 January 2016), known professionally as David Bowie, was an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a figure in popular music for over five decades, regarded by critics and musicians as an innovator, particularly for his work in the 1970s. His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music. During his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million worldwide, made him one of the world's best-selling music artists. In the UK, he was awarded nine platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, releasing eleven number-one albums. In the US, he received five platinum and seven gold certifications. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996.

text: David

text: Robert

text: Jones

text: January

text: January

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: David

text: Bowie

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: actor

text: He

text: was

text: figure

text: in

text: popular

text: music

text: for

text: over

text: five

text: decades

text: regarded

text: by

text: critics

text: and

text: musicians

text: as

text: an

text: innovator

text: particularly

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: His

text: career

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: reinvention

text: and

text: visual

text: presentation

text: his

text: music

text: and

text: stagecraft

text: significantly

text: influencing

text: popular

text: music

text: During

text: his

text: lifetime

text: his

text: record

text: sales

text: estimated

text: at

text: million

text: worldwide

text: made

text: him

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: best

text: selling

text: music

text: artists

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: he

text: was

text: awarded

text: nine

text: platinum

text: album

text: certifications

text: eleven

text: gold

text: and

text: eight

text: silver

text: releasing

text: eleven

text: number

text: one

text: albums

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: he

text: received

text: five

text: platinum

text: and

text: seven

text: gold

text: certifications

text: He

text: was

text: inducted

text: into

text: the

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: in

text: Ronald Franklin Asheton (July 17, 1948  early January, 2009) was an American guitarist, bassist and co-songwriter with Iggy Pop for the rock band the Stooges. He formed the Stooges along with Pop and his brother, drummer Scott Asheton, and bassist Dave Alexander. Asheton, once ranked as number 29 on "Rolling Stone's" list of 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time is currently (as of November 2014) ranked at number 60.

text: Ronald

text: Franklin

text: Asheton

text: July

text: early

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: guitarist

text: bassist

text: and

text: co

text: songwriter

text: with

text: Iggy

text: Pop

text: for

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: the

text: Stooges

text: He

text: formed

text: the

text: Stooges

text: along

text: with

text: Pop

text: and

text: his

text: brother

text: drummer

text: Scott

text: Asheton

text: and

text: bassist

text: Dave

text: Alexander

text: Asheton

text: once

text: ranked

text: as

text: number

text: on

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: 's

text: list

text: of

text: Greatest

text: Guitarists

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: is

text: currently

text: as

text: of

text: November

text: ranked

text: at

text: number

text: Columbia Records (also known simply as Columbia) is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment (SME), a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc., the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an earlier enterprise named the American Graphophone Company, the successor to the Volta Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the recorded sound business, being the second major record company to produce recorded records. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of notable singers, instrumentalists, and bands. From 1961 to 1990, its recordings were released outside the U.S. and Canada by the CBS Records label (which was named after the Columbia Broadcasting System) to avoid confusion with the EMI label of the same name, before adopting the Columbia name internationally in 1990. It is one of Sony Music's three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records.

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Columbia

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: owned

text: by

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: Inc.

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: division

text: of

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: evolving

text: from

text: an

text: earlier

text: enterprise

text: named

text: the

text: American

text: Graphophone

text: Company

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: Volta

text: Graphophone

text: Company

text: Columbia

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: brand

text: name

text: in

text: the

text: recorded

text: sound

text: business

text: being

text: the

text: second

text: major

text: record

text: company

text: to

text: produce

text: recorded

text: records

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: release

text: records

text: by

text: an

text: array

text: of

text: notable

text: singers

text: instrumentalists

text: and

text: bands

text: From

text: to

text: its

text: recordings

text: were

text: released

text: outside

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Canada

text: by

text: the

text: CBS

text: Records

text: label

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Columbia

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: to

text: avoid

text: confusion

text: with

text: the

text: EMI

text: label

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: before

text: adopting

text: the

text: Columbia

text: name

text: internationally

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Sony

text: Music

text: 's

text: three

text: flagship

text: record

text: labels

text: alongside

text: RCA

text: Records

text: and

text: Epic

text: Records

text: `` Search and Destroy '' is a song by American rock band The Stooges , recorded for the group 's third album Raw Power ( 1973 ) . Lead singer Iggy Pop said that the title was derived from a column heading in a Time article about the Vietnam War . In 1997 , `` Search and Destroy '' ( along with the rest of the songs on Raw Power ) was remixed and remastered by Pop and Bruce Dickinson . The result was far more aggressive and stripped down than the original release , which had been mixed by David Bowie . In 2004 , Rolling Stone ranked it No. 468 on their list of `` The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' . In 2009 it was named the 49th best hard rock song of all time by VH1 .

text: Search

text: and

text: Destroy

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: American

text: rock

text: band

text: The

text: Stooges

text: recorded

text: for

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: third

text: album

text: Raw

text: Power

text: Lead

text: singer

text: Iggy

text: Pop

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: title

text: was

text: derived

text: from

text: column

text: heading

text: in

text: Time

text: article

text: about

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: War

text: In

text: Search

text: and

text: Destroy

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: songs

text: on

text: Raw

text: Power

text: was

text: remixed

text: and

text: remastered

text: by

text: Pop

text: and

text: Bruce

text: Dickinson

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: far

text: more

text: aggressive

text: and

text: stripped

text: down

text: than

text: the

text: original

text: release

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: mixed

text: by

text: David

text: Bowie

text: In

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: ranked

text: it

text: No

text: on

text: their

text: list

text: of

text: The

text: Greatest

text: Songs

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: named

text: the

text: best

text: hard

text: rock

text: song

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: by

question: record_label search and destroy

answer: columbia records

text: columbia records

text: columbia records

text: columbia records


text: A graphic novel is a book made up of comics content. Although the word "novel" normally refers to long fictional works, the term "graphic novel" is applied broadly and includes fiction, non-fiction, and anthologized work. It is distinguished from the term "comic book", which is used for comics periodicals.

text: graphic

text: novel

text: is

text: book

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: comics

text: content

text: Although

text: the

text: word

text: novel

text: normally

text: refers

text: to

text: long

text: fictional

text: works

text: the

text: term

text: graphic

text: novel

text: is

text: applied

text: broadly

text: and

text: includes

text: fiction

text: non

text: fiction

text: and

text: anthologized

text: work

text: It

text: is

text: distinguished

text: from

text: the

text: term

text: comic

text: book

text: which

text: is

text: used

text: for

text: comics

text: periodicals

text: Cyan (or ) is a bluish-green color. It is evoked by light with a predominant wavelength of between 490520 nm, between the wavelengths of blue and green.

text: Cyan

text: or

text: is

text: bluish

text: green

text: color

text: It

text: is

text: evoked

text: by

text: light

text: with

text: predominant

text: wavelength

text: of

text: between

text: nm

text: between

text: the

text: wavelengths

text: of

text: blue

text: and

text: green

text: Black is the darkest color resulting from the absence or complete absorption of light. Like white and grey, it is an achromatic color, literally a color without hue. It is one of the four primary colors in the CMYK color model, along with cyan, yellow, and magenta, used in color printing to produce all the other colors. Black is often used to represent darkness; it is the symbolic opposite of white (or brightness).

text: Black

text: is

text: the

text: darkest

text: color

text: resulting

text: from

text: the

text: absence

text: or

text: complete

text: absorption

text: of

text: light

text: Like

text: white

text: and

text: grey

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: achromatic

text: color

text: literally

text: color

text: without

text: hue

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: primary

text: colors

text: in

text: the

text: CMYK

text: color

text: model

text: along

text: with

text: cyan

text: yellow

text: and

text: magenta

text: used

text: in

text: color

text: printing

text: to

text: produce

text: all

text: the

text: other

text: colors

text: Black

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: represent

text: darkness

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: symbolic

text: opposite

text: of

text: white

text: or

text: brightness

text: A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, usually dialog contained in word balloons emblematic of the comics art form. Although some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s. The first modern comic book, "Famous Funnies", was released in the United States in 1933 and was a reprinting of earlier newspaper humor comic strips, which had established many of the story-telling devices used in comics. The term "comic book" derives from American comic books once being a compilation of comic strips of a humorous tone; however, this practice was replaced by featuring stories of all genres, usually not humorous in tone.

text: comic

text: book

text: or

text: comicbook

text: also

text: called

text: comic

text: magazine

text: or

text: simply

text: comic

text: is

text: publication

text: that

text: consists

text: of

text: comic

text: art

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: sequential

text: juxtaposed

text: panels

text: that

text: represent

text: individual

text: scenes

text: Panels

text: are

text: often

text: accompanied

text: by

text: brief

text: descriptive

text: prose

text: and

text: written

text: narrative

text: usually

text: dialog

text: contained

text: in

text: word

text: balloons

text: emblematic

text: of

text: the

text: comics

text: art

text: form

text: Although

text: some

text: origins

text: in

text: century

text: Japan

text: and

text: Europe

text: comic

text: books

text: were

text: first

text: popularized

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: during

text: the

text: The

text: first

text: modern

text: comic

text: book

text: Famous

text: Funnies

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: reprinting

text: of

text: earlier

text: newspaper

text: humor

text: comic

text: strips

text: which

text: had

text: established

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: story

text: telling

text: devices

text: used

text: in

text: comics

text: The

text: term

text: comic

text: book

text: derives

text: from

text: American

text: comic

text: books

text: once

text: being

text: compilation

text: of

text: comic

text: strips

text: of

text: humorous

text: tone

text: however

text: this

text: practice

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: featuring

text: stories

text: of

text: all

text: genres

text: usually

text: not

text: humorous

text: in

text: tone

text: Four Color, also known as Four Color Comics and One Shots, was a long-running American comic book anthology series published by Dell Comics between 1939 and 1968. The title is a reference to the four basic colors used when printing comic books (cyan, magenta, yellow and black at the time).

text: Four

text: Color

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Four

text: Color

text: Comics

text: and

text: One

text: Shots

text: was

text: long

text: running

text: American

text: comic

text: book

text: anthology

text: series

text: published

text: by

text: Dell

text: Comics

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: title

text: is

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: four

text: basic

text: colors

text: used

text: when

text: printing

text: comic

text: books

text: cyan

text: magenta

text: yellow

text: and

text: black

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Dell Comics was the comic book publishing arm of Dell Publishing, which got its start in pulp magazines. It published comics from 1929 to 1974. At its peak, it was the most prominent and successful American company in the medium. In 1952 Dell claimed to be the world's largest comics publisher, selling 26 million copies each month.

text: Dell

text: Comics

text: was

text: the

text: comic

text: book

text: publishing

text: arm

text: of

text: Dell

text: Publishing

text: which

text: got

text: its

text: start

text: in

text: pulp

text: magazines

text: It

text: published

text: comics

text: from

text: to

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: and

text: successful

text: American

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: medium

text: In

text: Dell

text: claimed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: comics

text: publisher

text: selling

text: million

text: copies

text: each

text: month

text: Yellow is the color between green and orange in the spectrum of visible light. It is the color of ripe lemons, sunflowers, and gold. It is a primary color in subtractive color, used in color printing. According to surveys in Europe, Canada, and the United States, yellow is the color people most often associate with amusement, gentleness, and spontaneity, but also with duplicity, envy, jealousy, avarice, and, in the U.S., with cowardice. It plays an important role in Asian culture, particularly in China, where it is seen as the color of happiness, glory, wisdom, harmony, and culture.

text: Yellow

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: between

text: green

text: and

text: orange

text: in

text: the

text: spectrum

text: of

text: visible

text: light

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: ripe

text: lemons

text: sunflowers

text: and

text: gold

text: It

text: is

text: primary

text: color

text: in

text: subtractive

text: color

text: used

text: in

text: color

text: printing

text: According

text: to

text: surveys

text: in

text: Europe

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: yellow

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: people

text: most

text: often

text: associate

text: with

text: amusement

text: gentleness

text: and

text: spontaneity

text: but

text: also

text: with

text: duplicity

text: envy

text: jealousy

text: avarice

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: with

text: cowardice

text: It

text: plays

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: Asian

text: culture

text: particularly

text: in

text: China

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: happiness

text: glory

text: wisdom

text: harmony

text: and

text: culture

text: In cryptography, MAGENTA is a symmetric key block cipher developed by Michael Jacobson Jr. and Klaus Huber for Deutsche Telekom. The name MAGENTA is an acronym for Multifunctional Algorithm for General-purpose Encryption and Network Telecommunication Applications. (The color magenta is also part of the corporate identity of Deutsche Telekom.) The cipher was submitted to the Advanced Encryption Standard process, but did not advance beyond the first round; cryptographic weaknesses were discovered and it was found to be one of the slower ciphers submitted.

text: In

text: cryptography

text: MAGENTA

text: is

text: symmetric

text: key

text: block

text: cipher

text: developed

text: by

text: Michael

text: Jacobson

text: Jr.

text: and

text: Klaus

text: Huber

text: for

text: Deutsche

text: Telekom

text: The

text: name

text: MAGENTA

text: is

text: an

text: acronym

text: for

text: Multifunctional

text: Algorithm

text: for

text: General

text: purpose

text: Encryption

text: and

text: Network

text: Telecommunication

text: Applications

text: The

text: color

text: magenta

text: is

text: also

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: corporate

text: identity

text: of

text: Deutsche

text: Telekom

text: The

text: cipher

text: was

text: submitted

text: to

text: the

text: Advanced

text: Encryption

text: Standard

text: process

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: advance

text: beyond

text: the

text: first

text: round

text: cryptographic

text: weaknesses

text: were

text: discovered

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: slower

text: ciphers

text: submitted

text: IDW Publishing is an American publisher of comic books, graphic novels, art books and comic strip collections. The company was founded as the publishing division of Idea and Design Works, LLC (IDW) and is regularly recognized as the fourth-largest comic book publisher in the United States. The company is perhaps best known for its licensed comic book adaptations of movies and cartoons.

text: IDW

text: Publishing

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: publisher

text: of

text: comic

text: books

text: graphic

text: novels

text: art

text: books

text: and

text: comic

text: strip

text: collections

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: founded

text: as

text: the

text: publishing

text: division

text: of

text: Idea

text: and

text: Design

text: Works

text: LLC

text: IDW

text: and

text: is

text: regularly

text: recognized

text: as

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: comic

text: book

text: publisher

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: perhaps

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: licensed

text: comic

text: book

text: adaptations

text: of

text: movies

text: and

text: cartoons

text:
A comic strip is a sequence of drawings arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. Traditionally, throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, these have been published in newspapers and magazines, with horizontal strips printed in black-and-white in daily newspapers, while Sunday newspapers offered longer sequences in special color comics sections. With the development of the internet, they began to appear online as web comics.
There were more than 200 different comic strips and daily cartoon panels in American newspapers alone each day for most of the 20th century, for a total of at least 7,300,000 episodes.

text: comic

text: strip

text: is

text: sequence

text: of

text: drawings

text: arranged

text: in

text: interrelated

text: panels

text: to

text: display

text: brief

text: humor

text: or

text: form

text: narrative

text: often

text: serialized

text: with

text: text

text: in

text: balloons

text: and

text: captions

text: Traditionally

text: throughout

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: into

text: the

text: these

text: have

text: been

text: published

text: in

text: newspapers

text: and

text: magazines

text: with

text: horizontal

text: strips

text: printed

text: in

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: in

text: daily

text: newspapers

text: while

text: Sunday

text: newspapers

text: offered

text: longer

text: sequences

text: in

text: special

text: color

text: comics

text: sections

text: With

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: internet

text: they

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: online

text: as

text: web

text: comics

text: There

text: were

text: more

text: than

text: different

text: comic

text: strips

text: and

text: daily

text: cartoon

text: panels

text: in

text: American

text: newspapers

text: alone

text: each

text: day

text: for

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: for

text: total

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: episodes

text: Mickey Mouse ( titled Mickey Mouse and Friends from issues # 257 - 303 ) is a comic book series that has a long - running history , first appearing in 1941 as part of the Four Color one - shot series . It received its own numbering system with issue # 28 ( 1953 ) , and is currently published by IDW Publishing . The book emphasizes stories with Mickey and his supporting cast : Goofy , Donald Duck , Minnie Mouse , Pluto and Mickey 's nephews Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse . Mickey 's perpetual rival is the criminal Peg - Leg Pete ( sometimes `` Black Pete '' , `` Sneaky Pete '' or `` Big Bad Pete '' ) . Other adversaries have included Emil Eagle , Eli Squinch , Sylvester Shyster , the team of Dangerous Dan McBoo and Idjit the Midget , and the Phantom Blot . Two major artistic influences on the appearance of Mickey in comics are Floyd Gottfredson , who drew the Mickey Mouse daily newspaper strip from 1930 to 1975 , and comic book artist Paul Murry , who drew Mickey stories from 1950 to 1984 .

text: Mickey

text: Mouse

text: titled

text: Mickey

text: Mouse

text: and

text: Friends

text: from

text: issues

text: is

text: comic

text: book

text: series

text: that

text: has

text: long

text: running

text: history

text: first

text: appearing

text: in

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Four

text: Color

text: one

text: shot

text: series

text: It

text: received

text: its

text: own

text: numbering

text: system

text: with

text: issue

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: published

text: by

text: IDW

text: Publishing

text: The

text: book

text: emphasizes

text: stories

text: with

text: Mickey

text: and

text: his

text: supporting

text: cast

text: Goofy

text: Donald

text: Duck

text: Minnie

text: Mouse

text: Pluto

text: and

text: Mickey

text: 's

text: nephews

text: Morty

text: and

text: Ferdie

text: Fieldmouse

text: Mickey

text: 's

text: perpetual

text: rival

text: is

text: the

text: criminal

text: Peg

text: Leg

text: Pete

text: sometimes

text: Black

text: Pete

text: Sneaky

text: Pete

text: or

text: Big

text: Bad

text: Pete

text: Other

text: adversaries

text: have

text: included

text: Emil

text: Eagle

text: Eli

text: Squinch

text: Sylvester

text: Shyster

text: the

text: team

text: of

text: Dangerous

text: Dan

text: McBoo

text: and

text: Idjit

text: the

text: Midget

text: and

text: the

text: Phantom

text: Blot

text: Two

text: major

text: artistic

text: influences

text: on

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: Mickey

text: in

text: comics

text: are

text: Floyd

text: Gottfredson

text: who

text: drew

text: the

text: Mickey

text: Mouse

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: strip

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: comic

text: book

text: artist

text: Paul

text: Murry

text: who

text: drew

text: Mickey

text: stories

text: from

text: to

annotations: follows multiple

question: instance_of mickey mouse

answer: work

text: work


text: Never for Ever is the third studio album by the English singer Kate Bush. Released in September 1980, it was Bush's first no. 1 album and was also the first ever album by a British female solo artist to top the UK album chart, as well as being the first album by any female solo artist to enter the chart at no. 1. It has since been certified Gold by the BPI. It features the UK Top 20 singles "Breathing", "Army Dreamers" and "Babooshka", which was one of Bush's biggest hits. Bush co-produced the album with Jon Kelly.

text: Never

text: for

text: Ever

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: English

text: singer

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: Released

text: in

text: September

text: it

text: was

text: Bush

text: 's

text: first

text: no

text: album

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: album

text: by

text: British

text: female

text: solo

text: artist

text: to

text: top

text: the

text: UK

text: album

text: chart

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: first

text: album

text: by

text: any

text: female

text: solo

text: artist

text: to

text: enter

text: the

text: chart

text: at

text: no

text: It

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: certified

text: Gold

text: by

text: the

text: BPI

text: It

text: features

text: the

text: UK

text: Top

text: singles

text: Breathing

text: Army

text: Dreamers

text: and

text: Babooshka

text: which

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: Bush

text: 's

text: biggest

text: hits

text: Bush

text: co

text: produced

text: the

text: album

text: with

text: Jon

text: Kelly

text: The Red Shoes is the seventh studio album by the English musician Kate Bush . Released in November 1993 , it was accompanied by Bush 's short film , The Line , the Cross and the Curve , and was her last album before taking a 12 - year hiatus . The album peaked at number two on the UK album chart and has been certified Platinum by the BPI for over 300,000 copies shipped . In the US , the album reached number 28 , her highest chart position there to date .

text: The

text: Red

text: Shoes

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: English

text: musician

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: Released

text: in

text: November

text: it

text: was

text: accompanied

text: by

text: Bush

text: 's

text: short

text: film

text: The

text: Line

text: the

text: Cross

text: and

text: the

text: Curve

text: and

text: was

text: her

text: last

text: album

text: before

text: taking

text: year

text: hiatus

text: The

text: album

text: peaked

text: at

text: number

text: two

text: on

text: the

text: UK

text: album

text: chart

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: certified

text: Platinum

text: by

text: the

text: BPI

text: for

text: over

text: copies

text: shipped

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: the

text: album

text: reached

text: number

text: her

text: highest

text: chart

text: position

text: there

text: to

text: date

text: The Line, the Cross and the Curve is a 1993 British musical short film directed by and starring singer Kate Bush, co-starring Miranda Richardson and noted choreographer Lindsay Kemp, who had served as dance mentor to Bush early in her career.

text: The

text: Line

text: the

text: Cross

text: and

text: the

text: Curve

text: is

text: British

text: musical

text: short

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: and

text: starring

text: singer

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: co

text: starring

text: Miranda

text: Richardson

text: and

text: noted

text: choreographer

text: Lindsay

text: Kemp

text: who

text: had

text: served

text: as

text: dance

text: mentor

text: to

text: Bush

text: early

text: in

text: her

text: career

text: Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer-songwriter, musician and humanitarian activist who rose to fame as the original lead singer and flautist of the progressive rock band Genesis. After leaving Genesis in 1975, Gabriel launched a solo career, with "Solsbury Hill" his first single. His 1986 album, "So", is his best-selling release and is certified triple platinum in the UK and five times platinum in the U.S. The album's most successful single, "Sledgehammer", won a record nine MTV Awards at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards and remains the most played music video in the history of MTV.

text: Peter

text: Brian

text: Gabriel

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: musician

text: and

text: humanitarian

text: activist

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: fame

text: as

text: the

text: original

text: lead

text: singer

text: and

text: flautist

text: of

text: the

text: progressive

text: rock

text: band

text: Genesis

text: After

text: leaving

text: Genesis

text: in

text: Gabriel

text: launched

text: solo

text: career

text: with

text: Solsbury

text: Hill

text: his

text: first

text: single

text: His

text: album

text: So

text: is

text: his

text: best

text: selling

text: release

text: and

text: is

text: certified

text: triple

text: platinum

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: five

text: times

text: platinum

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: The

text: album

text: 's

text: most

text: successful

text: single

text: Sledgehammer

text: won

text: record

text: nine

text: MTV

text: Awards

text: at

text: the

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: and

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: played

text: music

text: video

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: MTV

text: "The Man with the Child in His Eyes" is a song by Kate Bush. It is the fifth track on her debut album "The Kick Inside" and was released as her second single, on the EMI label, in 1978.

text: The

text: Man

text: with

text: the

text: Child

text: in

text: His

text: Eyes

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: track

text: on

text: her

text: debut

text: album

text: The

text: Kick

text: Inside

text: and

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: her

text: second

text: single

text: on

text: the

text: EMI

text: label

text: in

text: Catherine "Kate" Bush, CBE (born 30 July 1958) is an English singer-songwriter, musician and record producer. She first came to note in 1978 when, at the age of 19, she topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks with her debut single "Wuthering Heights", becoming the first female artist to achieve a UK number-one with a self-written song. She has since released twenty-five UK Top 40 singles, including the top ten hits "The Man with the Child in His Eyes", "Babooshka", "Running Up That Hill", "Don't Give Up" (a duet with Peter Gabriel) and "King of the Mountain". She has released ten studio albums, all of which reached the UK Top 10, including the UK number-one albums "Never for Ever" (1980) and "Hounds of Love" (1985). She is the first British solo female artist to top the UK album charts and the first female artist ever to enter the album chart at number-one.

text: Catherine

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: CBE

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: musician

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: She

text: first

text: came

text: to

text: note

text: in

text: when

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: she

text: topped

text: the

text: UK

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: for

text: four

text: weeks

text: with

text: her

text: debut

text: single

text: Wuthering

text: Heights

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: artist

text: to

text: achieve

text: UK

text: number

text: one

text: with

text: self

text: written

text: song

text: She

text: has

text: since

text: released

text: twenty

text: five

text: UK

text: Top

text: singles

text: including

text: the

text: top

text: ten

text: hits

text: The

text: Man

text: with

text: the

text: Child

text: in

text: His

text: Eyes

text: Babooshka

text: Running

text: Up

text: That

text: Hill

text: Do

text: n't

text: Give

text: Up

text: duet

text: with

text: Peter

text: Gabriel

text: and

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: Mountain

text: She

text: has

text: released

text: ten

text: studio

text: albums

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: reached

text: the

text: UK

text: Top

text: including

text: the

text: UK

text: number

text: one

text: albums

text: Never

text: for

text: Ever

text: and

text: Hounds

text: of

text: Love

text: She

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: British

text: solo

text: female

text: artist

text: to

text: top

text: the

text: UK

text: album

text: charts

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: artist

text: ever

text: to

text: enter

text: the

text: album

text: chart

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: Miranda Jane Richardson (born 3 March 1958) is an English stage, film and television actress. She made her film debut playing Ruth Ellis in "Dance with a Stranger" in 1985 and went on to receive Academy Award nominations for "Damage" (1992) and "Tom & Viv" (1994). For "Damage", she won the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress. She has also won Golden Globe Awards for "Enchanted April" (1992) and the TV film "Fatherland" (1994).

text: Miranda

text: Jane

text: Richardson

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: stage

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: actress

text: She

text: made

text: her

text: film

text: debut

text: playing

text: Ruth

text: Ellis

text: in

text: Dance

text: with

text: Stranger

text: in

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: receive

text: Academy

text: Award

text: nominations

text: for

text: Damage

text: and

text: Tom

text: Viv

text: For

text: Damage

text: she

text: won

text: the

text: BAFTA

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actress

text: She

text: has

text: also

text: won

text: Golden

text: Globe

text: Awards

text: for

text: Enchanted

text: April

text: and

text: the

text: TV

text: film

text: Fatherland

text: Hounds of Love is the fifth studio album by the English singer-songwriter and musician Kate Bush, released by EMI Records on 16 September 1985. It was a commercial success and marked a return to the public eye for Bush after the relatively poor sales of her previous album, "The Dreaming". It was Bush's second album to top the UK Albums Chart and her best-selling studio album, having been certified double platinum for 600,000 sales in the UK, and by 1998 it had sold 1.1 million copies worldwide. In the US, it reached the top 40 on the "Billboard" 200. The album's lead single, "Running Up That Hill", became one of Bush's biggest hits, and it produced three further successful singles, "Cloudbusting", "Hounds of Love", and "The Big Sky", all taken from the album's first side. The second side, subtitled "The Ninth Wave", forms a conceptual suite about a person drifting alone in the sea at night.

text: Hounds

text: of

text: Love

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: musician

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: released

text: by

text: EMI

text: Records

text: on

text: September

text: It

text: was

text: commercial

text: success

text: and

text: marked

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: eye

text: for

text: Bush

text: after

text: the

text: relatively

text: poor

text: sales

text: of

text: her

text: previous

text: album

text: The

text: Dreaming

text: It

text: was

text: Bush

text: 's

text: second

text: album

text: to

text: top

text: the

text: UK

text: Albums

text: Chart

text: and

text: her

text: best

text: selling

text: studio

text: album

text: having

text: been

text: certified

text: double

text: platinum

text: for

text: sales

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: by

text: it

text: had

text: sold

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: it

text: reached

text: the

text: top

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: The

text: album

text: 's

text: lead

text: single

text: Running

text: Up

text: That

text: Hill

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: Bush

text: 's

text: biggest

text: hits

text: and

text: it

text: produced

text: three

text: further

text: successful

text: singles

text: Cloudbusting

text: Hounds

text: of

text: Love

text: and

text: The

text: Big

text: Sky

text: all

text: taken

text: from

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: first

text: side

text: The

text: second

text: side

text: subtitled

text: The

text: Ninth

text: Wave

text: forms

text: conceptual

text: suite

text: about

text: person

text: drifting

text: alone

text: in

text: the

text: sea

text: at

text: night

text: Top 40 is a music industry shorthand for the currently most-popular songs in a particular genre. When used without qualification it refers to the best-selling or most frequently broadcast popular music. The term is derived from record music charts, a few of which traditionally consist of a total of 40 songs. Top 40 is also an alternative term for the radio format of such music, also known as Contemporary hit radio.

text: Top

text: is

text: music

text: industry

text: shorthand

text: for

text: the

text: currently

text: most

text: popular

text: songs

text: in

text: particular

text: genre

text: When

text: used

text: without

text: qualification

text: it

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: or

text: most

text: frequently

text: broadcast

text: popular

text: music

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: record

text: music

text: charts

text: few

text: of

text: which

text: traditionally

text: consist

text: of

text: total

text: of

text: songs

text: Top

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: alternative

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: radio

text: format

text: of

text: such

text: music

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Contemporary

text: hit

text: radio

text: The UK Singles Chart (currently entitled Official Singles Chart) is compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC), on behalf of the British record industry, listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom, based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming. To be eligible for the chart, a single is currently defined by the Official Charts Company (OCC) as either a 'single bundle' having no more than four tracks and not lasting longer than 25 minutes or one digital audio track not longer than 15 minutes with a minimum sale price of 40 pence. The rules have changed many times as technology has developed, the most notable being the inclusion of digital downloads in 2005 and streaming in 2014.

text: The

text: UK

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: currently

text: entitled

text: Official

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: is

text: compiled

text: by

text: the

text: Official

text: Charts

text: Company

text: OCC

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: record

text: industry

text: listing

text: the

text: top

text: selling

text: singles

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: based

text: upon

text: physical

text: sales

text: paid

text: for

text: downloads

text: and

text: streaming

text: To

text: be

text: eligible

text: for

text: the

text: chart

text: single

text: is

text: currently

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: Official

text: Charts

text: Company

text: OCC

text: as

text: either

text: single

text: bundle

text: having

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: four

text: tracks

text: and

text: not

text: lasting

text: longer

text: than

text: minutes

text: or

text: one

text: digital

text: audio

text: track

text: not

text: longer

text: than

text: minutes

text: with

text: minimum

text: sale

text: price

text: of

text: pence

text: The

text: rules

text: have

text: changed

text: many

text: times

text: as

text: technology

text: has

text: developed

text: the

text: most

text: notable

text: being

text: the

text: inclusion

text: of

text: digital

text: downloads

text: in

text: and

text: streaming

text: in

text: Lindsay Kemp (born Cheshire, England, 3 May 1938) is an English dancer, actor, teacher, mime artist and choreographer.

text: Lindsay

text: Kemp

text: born

text: Cheshire

text: England

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: dancer

text: actor

text: teacher

text: mime

text: artist

text: and

text: choreographer

text: "Running Up That Hill" is a song by the English singer-songwriter Kate Bush. It was the first single from her 1985 album, "Hounds of Love", released in the United Kingdom on 5 August 1985. It was her first 12" single. It was the most successful of Bush's 1980s releases, entering the UK chart at number 9 and eventually peaking at number 3, her second-highest single peak. The single also had an impact in the United States, providing Bush with her first chart hit there since 1978, where it reached the top 30 and featured prominently in the Dance Charts. Bush also performed the song with David Gilmour of Pink Floyd at the . The song's title for "Hounds of Love" and all subsequent releases was "Running Up That Hill (A Deal with God)."

text: Running

text: Up

text: That

text: Hill

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: the

text: English

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: Kate

text: Bush

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: single

text: from

text: her

text: album

text: Hounds

text: of

text: Love

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: on

text: August

text: It

text: was

text: her

text: first

text: single

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: of

text: Bush

text: 's

text: releases

text: entering

text: the

text: UK

text: chart

text: at

text: number

text: and

text: eventually

text: peaking

text: at

text: number

text: her

text: second

text: highest

text: single

text: peak

text: The

text: single

text: also

text: had

text: an

text: impact

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: providing

text: Bush

text: with

text: her

text: first

text: chart

text: hit

text: there

text: since

text: where

text: it

text: reached

text: the

text: top

text: and

text: featured

text: prominently

text: in

text: the

text: Dance

text: Charts

text: Bush

text: also

text: performed

text: the

text: song

text: with

text: David

text: Gilmour

text: of

text: Pink

text: Floyd

text: at

text: the

text: The

text: song

text: 's

text: title

text: for

text: Hounds

text: of

text: Love

text: and

text: all

text: subsequent

text: releases

text: was

text: Running

text: Up

text: That

text: Hill

text: Deal

text: with

text: God

question: record_label the red shoes

answer: emi records

text: emi records