text: Crust punk (or simply crust) is a form of music influenced by hardcore punk and extreme metal. The style, which evolved in the mid-1980s in England, often has songs with dark and pessimistic lyrics that linger on political and social ills. The term "crust" was coined by Hellbastard on their 1986 "Ripper Crust" demo.

text: Crust

text: punk

text: or

text: simply

text: crust

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: music

text: influenced

text: by

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: and

text: extreme

text: metal

text: The

text: style

text: which

text: evolved

text: in

text: the

text: in

text: England

text: often

text: has

text: songs

text: with

text: dark

text: and

text: pessimistic

text: lyrics

text: that

text: linger

text: on

text: political

text: and

text: social

text: ills

text: The

text: term

text: crust

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: Hellbastard

text: on

text: their

text: Ripper

text: Crust

text: demo

text: Montreal officially Montréal in both Canadian English and French, is the most populous municipality in Quebec and the 2nd-most populous in Canada. Originally called "Ville-Marie", or "City of Mary," it is named after Mount Royal, the triple-peaked hill in the heart of the city. The city is on the Island of Montreal, which took its name from the same source as the city, and a few much smaller peripheral islands, the largest of which is Île Bizard. It has a distinct four-season continental climate with warm to hot summers and cold snowy winters.

text: Montreal

text: officially

text: Montréal

text: in

text: both

text: Canadian

text: English

text: and

text: French

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: municipality

text: in

text: Quebec

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: in

text: Canada

text: Originally

text: called

text: Ville

text: Marie

text: or

text: City

text: of

text: Mary

text: it

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Mount

text: Royal

text: the

text: triple

text: peaked

text: hill

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: Island

text: of

text: Montreal

text: which

text: took

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: same

text: source

text: as

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: few

text: much

text: smaller

text: peripheral

text: islands

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: Île

text: Bizard

text: It

text: has

text: distinct

text: four

text: season

text: continental

text: climate

text: with

text: warm

text: to

text: hot

text: summers

text: and

text: cold

text: snowy

text: winters

text: Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. As the world's fifth-largest country by both area and population, it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3% of the continent's land area. Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries, and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection.

text: Brazil

text: officially

text: the

text: Federative

text: Republic

text: of

text: Brazil

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: both

text: South

text: America

text: and

text: Latin

text: America

text: As

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fifth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: both

text: area

text: and

text: population

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: Portuguese

text: as

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: Bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: Brazil

text: has

text: coastline

text: of

text: It

text: borders

text: all

text: other

text: South

text: American

text: countries

text: except

text: Ecuador

text: and

text: Chile

text: and

text: covers

text: of

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: land

text: area

text: Its

text: Amazon

text: River

text: basin

text: includes

text: vast

text: tropical

text: forest

text: home

text: to

text: diverse

text: wildlife

text: variety

text: of

text: ecological

text: systems

text: and

text: extensive

text: natural

text: resources

text: spanning

text: numerous

text: protected

text: habitats

text: This

text: unique

text: environmental

text: heritage

text: makes

text: Brazil

text: one

text: of

text: megadiverse

text: countries

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: significant

text: global

text: interest

text: and

text: debate

text: regarding

text: deforestation

text: and

text: environmental

text: protection

text: Born Dead Icons was a hardcore punk band from Montreal , Quebec , Canada . They played melodic , heavy and dark d - beat hardcore punk with various influences , mainly British bands Amebix , Discharge , Zounds , and Motörhead . They are notable for playing slower and singing more clearly than most bands in this genre . Members also play in the band Complications . The band played their last show in November 2007 .

text: Born

text: Dead

text: Icons

text: was

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: from

text: Montreal

text: Quebec

text: Canada

text: They

text: played

text: melodic

text: heavy

text: and

text: dark

text: beat

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: with

text: various

text: influences

text: mainly

text: British

text: bands

text: Amebix

text: Discharge

text: Zounds

text: and

text: Motörhead

text: They

text: are

text: notable

text: for

text: playing

text: slower

text: and

text: singing

text: more

text: clearly

text: than

text: most

text: bands

text: in

text: this

text: genre

text: Members

text: also

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: band

text: Complications

text: The

text: band

text: played

text: their

text: last

text: show

text: in

text: November

text:
Avskum is a Swedish D-beat punk band from Kristinehamn, Sweden. Playing classic Swedish hardcore influenced by Discharge, Avskum started in the early 1980s, only to temporarily disband until the mid-1990s where they returned more productive than ever. All original members except the original guitarist perform in the current line-up. They continue to sporadically perform within Europe and in 2004 did a small two-week tour in the United States.
Avskum's lyrics generally deal with issues such as nuclear war and capitalism.

text: Avskum

text: is

text: Swedish

text: beat

text: punk

text: band

text: from

text: Kristinehamn

text: Sweden

text: Playing

text: classic

text: Swedish

text: hardcore

text: influenced

text: by

text: Discharge

text: Avskum

text: started

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: only

text: to

text: temporarily

text: disband

text: until

text: the

text: where

text: they

text: returned

text: more

text: productive

text: than

text: ever

text: All

text: original

text: members

text: except

text: the

text: original

text: guitarist

text: perform

text: in

text: the

text: current

text: line

text: up

text: They

text: continue

text: to

text: sporadically

text: perform

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: in

text: did

text: small

text: two

text: week

text: tour

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Avskum

text: 's

text: lyrics

text: generally

text: deal

text: with

text: issues

text: such

text: as

text: nuclear

text: war

text: and

text: capitalism

text: Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.

text: Sweden

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Sweden

text: Swedish

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Denmark

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: by

text: bridge

text: tunnel

text: across

text: the

text: Öresund

text: At

text: Sweden

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: by

text: area

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Sweden

text: consequently

text: has

text: low

text: population

text: density

text: of

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: concentration

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Approximately

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: lives

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: Punk rock (or simply "punk") is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid 1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as "proto-punk" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. Punk bands typically use short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels.

text: Punk

text: rock

text: or

text: simply

text: punk

text: is

text: rock

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: mid

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Australia

text: Rooted

text: in

text: garage

text: rock

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: proto

text: punk

text: music

text: punk

text: rock

text: bands

text: rejected

text: perceived

text: excesses

text: of

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: Punk

text: bands

text: typically

text: use

text: short

text: or

text: fast

text: paced

text: songs

text: with

text: hard

text: edged

text: melodies

text: and

text: singing

text: styles

text: stripped

text: down

text: instrumentation

text: and

text: often

text: political

text: anti

text: establishment

text: lyrics

text: Punk

text: embraces

text: DIY

text: ethic

text: many

text: bands

text: self

text: produce

text: recordings

text: and

text: distribute

text: them

text: through

text: informal

text: channels

text: The music industry consists of the companies and individuals that earn money by creating new songs and pieces and selling live concerts and shows, audio and video recordings, compositions and sheet music, and the organizations and associations that aid and represent creators. Among the many individuals and organizations that operate in the industry are: the songwriters and composers who create new songs and musical pieces; the singers, musicians, conductors and bandleaders who perform the music; the companies and professionals who create and sell recorded music and/or sheet music (e.g., music publishers, music producers, recording studios, engineers, record labels, retail and online music stores, performance rights organizations); and those that help organize and present live music performances (sound engineers, booking agents, promoters, music venues, road crew).

text: The

text: music

text: industry

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: companies

text: and

text: individuals

text: that

text: earn

text: money

text: by

text: creating

text: new

text: songs

text: and

text: pieces

text: and

text: selling

text: live

text: concerts

text: and

text: shows

text: audio

text: and

text: video

text: recordings

text: compositions

text: and

text: sheet

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: organizations

text: and

text: associations

text: that

text: aid

text: and

text: represent

text: creators

text: Among

text: the

text: many

text: individuals

text: and

text: organizations

text: that

text: operate

text: in

text: the

text: industry

text: are

text: the

text: songwriters

text: and

text: composers

text: who

text: create

text: new

text: songs

text: and

text: musical

text: pieces

text: the

text: singers

text: musicians

text: conductors

text: and

text: bandleaders

text: who

text: perform

text: the

text: music

text: the

text: companies

text: and

text: professionals

text: who

text: create

text: and

text: sell

text: recorded

text: music

text: and/or

text: sheet

text: music

text: e.g.

text: music

text: publishers

text: music

text: producers

text: recording

text: studios

text: engineers

text: record

text: labels

text: retail

text: and

text: online

text: music

text: stores

text: performance

text: rights

text: organizations

text: and

text: those

text: that

text: help

text: organize

text: and

text: present

text: live

text: music

text: performances

text: sound

text: engineers

text: booking

text: agents

text: promoters

text: music

text: venues

text: road

text: crew

text: Wolfbrigade (formerly Wolfpack) is a Swedish hardcore punk band formed in 1995 by Jocke, Frank, Erik, Marcus and Jonsson (Anti Cimex) their line-up has included members of Asta Kask, To What End?, Today's Overdose, Cosa Nostra, Anti Cimex, Obscure Infinity and Harlequin. Their music mixes Swedish d-beat with death metal.

text: Wolfbrigade

text: formerly

text: Wolfpack

text: is

text: Swedish

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: Jocke

text: Frank

text: Erik

text: Marcus

text: and

text: Jonsson

text: Anti

text: Cimex

text: their

text: line

text: up

text: has

text: included

text: members

text: of

text: Asta

text: Kask

text: To

text: What

text: End

text: Today

text: 's

text: Overdose

text: Cosa

text: Nostra

text: Anti

text: Cimex

text: Obscure

text: Infinity

text: and

text: Harlequin

text: Their

text: music

text: mixes

text: Swedish

text: beat

text: with

text: death

text: metal

text: Quebec (pronounced or ) is the second-most populous province of Canada and the only one to have a predominantly French-speaking population, with French as the sole provincial official language.

text: Quebec

text: pronounced

text: or

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: of

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: one

text: to

text: have

text: predominantly

text: French

text: speaking

text: population

text: with

text: French

text: as

text: the

text: sole

text: provincial

text: official

text: language

text: A drum beat or drum pattern is a rhythmic pattern, or repeated rhythm establishing the meter and groove through the pulse and subdivision, played on drum kits and other percussion instruments. As such a "beat" consists of multiple drum strokes occurring over multiple musical beats while the term "drum beat" may also refer to a single drum stroke which may occupy more or less time than the current pulse. Many drum beats define or are characteristic of specific music genres.

text: drum

text: beat

text: or

text: drum

text: pattern

text: is

text: rhythmic

text: pattern

text: or

text: repeated

text: rhythm

text: establishing

text: the

text: meter

text: and

text: groove

text: through

text: the

text: pulse

text: and

text: subdivision

text: played

text: on

text: drum

text: kits

text: and

text: other

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: As

text: such

text: beat

text: consists

text: of

text: multiple

text: drum

text: strokes

text: occurring

text: over

text: multiple

text: musical

text: beats

text: while

text: the

text: term

text: drum

text: beat

text: may

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: single

text: drum

text: stroke

text: which

text: may

text: occupy

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: time

text: than

text: the

text: current

text: pulse

text: Many

text: drum

text: beats

text: define

text: or

text: are

text: characteristic

text: of

text: specific

text: music

text: genres

text: Buzzcocks are an English punk rock band, formed in Bolton, England in 1976 by singer-songwriter-guitarist Pete Shelley and singer-songwriter Howard Devoto. They are regarded as an important influence on the Manchester music scene, the independent record label movement, punk rock, power pop, and indie rock. They achieved commercial success with singles that fused pop craftsmanship with rapid-fire punk energy. These singles were collected on "Singles Going Steady", described by critic Ned Raggett as a "punk masterpiece".

text: Buzzcocks

text: are

text: an

text: English

text: punk

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: Bolton

text: England

text: in

text: by

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: guitarist

text: Pete

text: Shelley

text: and

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: Howard

text: Devoto

text: They

text: are

text: regarded

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: Manchester

text: music

text: scene

text: the

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: movement

text: punk

text: rock

text: power

text: pop

text: and

text: indie

text: rock

text: They

text: achieved

text: commercial

text: success

text: with

text: singles

text: that

text: fused

text: pop

text: craftsmanship

text: with

text: rapid

text: fire

text: punk

text: energy

text: These

text: singles

text: were

text: collected

text: on

text: Singles

text: Going

text: Steady

text: described

text: by

text: critic

text: Ned

text: Raggett

text: as

text: punk

text: masterpiece

text: Ian Fraser Kilmister (24 December 1945  28 December 2015), better known as Lemmy, was an English musician, singer, and songwriter who founded and fronted the rock band Motörhead. His music was one of the foundations of the heavy metal genre. He was known for his appearance (including his friendly mutton chops), his distinctive gravelly voice and distinctive bass playing style. Alongside his music career, he also had many minor roles in film and television.

text: Ian

text: Fraser

text: Kilmister

text: December

text: December

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: Lemmy

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: who

text: founded

text: and

text: fronted

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: Motörhead

text: His

text: music

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: foundations

text: of

text: the

text: heavy

text: metal

text: genre

text: He

text: was

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: appearance

text: including

text: his

text: friendly

text: mutton

text: chops

text: his

text: distinctive

text: gravelly

text: voice

text: and

text: distinctive

text: bass

text: playing

text: style

text: Alongside

text: his

text: music

text: career

text: he

text: also

text: had

text: many

text: minor

text: roles

text: in

text: film

text: and

text: television

text:
D-beat (also known as discore or kängpunk) is a style of hardcore punk, developed in the early 1980s by imitators of Discharge, after whom the genre is named, as well as a drum beat characteristic of this subgenre. Discharge may have themselves inherited the beat from Motörhead and the Buzzcocks.
D-beat is closely associated with crust punk, which is a heavier, more complex variation. The style was particularly popular in Sweden, and developed there by groups such as Crude SS, Anti Cimex, Mob 47 and Driller Killer. Other D-beat groups include Doom and the Varukers from the UK; Disclose from Japan; Crucifix and Final Conflict from the U.S.; Ratos de Porão, from Brazil; and MG15, from Spain. While the style initially developed in the early 1980s, a number of new groups working within the subgenre emerged in the mid-1990s. These include the Swedish groups Wolfbrigade, Totalitär, Avskum, Skitsystem and Disfear.

text: beat

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: discore

text: or

text: kängpunk

text: is

text: style

text: of

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: by

text: imitators

text: of

text: Discharge

text: after

text: whom

text: the

text: genre

text: is

text: named

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: drum

text: beat

text: characteristic

text: of

text: this

text: subgenre

text: Discharge

text: may

text: have

text: themselves

text: inherited

text: the

text: beat

text: from

text: Motörhead

text: and

text: the

text: Buzzcocks

text: beat

text: is

text: closely

text: associated

text: with

text: crust

text: punk

text: which

text: is

text: heavier

text: more

text: complex

text: variation

text: The

text: style

text: was

text: particularly

text: popular

text: in

text: Sweden

text: and

text: developed

text: there

text: by

text: groups

text: such

text: as

text: Crude

text: SS

text: Anti

text: Cimex

text: Mob

text: and

text: Driller

text: Killer

text: Other

text: beat

text: groups

text: include

text: Doom

text: and

text: the

text: Varukers

text: from

text: the

text: UK

text: Disclose

text: from

text: Japan

text: Crucifix

text: and

text: Final

text: Conflict

text: from

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Ratos

text: de

text: Porão

text: from

text: Brazil

text: and

text: from

text: Spain

text: While

text: the

text: style

text: initially

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: number

text: of

text: new

text: groups

text: working

text: within

text: the

text: subgenre

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: These

text: include

text: the

text: Swedish

text: groups

text: Wolfbrigade

text: Totalitär

text: Avskum

text: Skitsystem

text: and

text: Disfear

text: Amebix were an English punk rock band. Formed as "The Band with No Name", Amebix's original run was from 1978 to 1987, during which time they released three EPs and two full-length LPs. The group reunited in 2008 and disbanded again in November 2012.

text: Amebix

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: punk

text: rock

text: band

text: Formed

text: as

text: The

text: Band

text: with

text: No

text: Name

text: Amebix

text: 's

text: original

text: run

text: was

text: from

text: to

text: during

text: which

text: time

text: they

text: released

text: three

text: EPs

text: and

text: two

text: full

text: length

text: LPs

text: The

text: group

text: reunited

text: in

text: and

text: disbanded

text: again

text: in

text: November

text: Skitsystem ("Fucking System" or "Fucking Society", literally "Shit System") is a Swedish crust punk band formed in early 1994. Their sound was heavily influenced by death metal and d-beat. The band members originally came from different death metal bands, bonding over a common interest in d-beat. Initially the group was a side-project of two members of At the Gates. The band announced in December 2007 that they were on indefinite hiatus. In November 2009, Skitsystem announced plans to play two shows in Gothenburg in late February 2010, with possibly more to follow.

text: Skitsystem

text: Fucking

text: System

text: or

text: Fucking

text: Society

text: literally

text: Shit

text: System

text: is

text: Swedish

text: crust

text: punk

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: early

text: Their

text: sound

text: was

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: death

text: metal

text: and

text: beat

text: The

text: band

text: members

text: originally

text: came

text: from

text: different

text: death

text: metal

text: bands

text: bonding

text: over

text: common

text: interest

text: in

text: beat

text: Initially

text: the

text: group

text: was

text: side

text: project

text: of

text: two

text: members

text: of

text: At

text: the

text: Gates

text: The

text: band

text: announced

text: in

text: December

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: on

text: indefinite

text: hiatus

text: In

text: November

text: Skitsystem

text: announced

text: plans

text: to

text: play

text: two

text: shows

text: in

text: Gothenburg

text: in

text: late

text: February

text: with

text: possibly

text: more

text: to

text: follow

text: The Varukers are a UK hardcore punk band formed in 1979 by vocalist Anthony "Rat" Martin. They produced their most influential recordings in the early 1980s. The band play in D-beat, the musical style of Discharge. Also like Discharge, the Varukers' lyrics carry an anarchist political ideology.

text: The

text: Varukers

text: are

text: UK

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: vocalist

text: Anthony

text: Rat

text: Martin

text: They

text: produced

text: their

text: most

text: influential

text: recordings

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: The

text: band

text: play

text: in

text: beat

text: the

text: musical

text: style

text: of

text: Discharge

text: Also

text: like

text: Discharge

text: the

text: Varukers

text: lyrics

text: carry

text: an

text: anarchist

text: political

text: ideology

text: Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.

text: Toronto

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Canada

text: the

text: provincial

text: capital

text: of

text: Ontario

text: and

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Toronto

text: Area

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Canada

text: Growing

text: in

text: population

text: the

text: census

text: recorded

text: population

text: of

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: making

text: Toronto

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: population

text: within

text: its

text: city

text: limits

text: Toronto

text: trails

text: only

text: Mexico

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: by

text: this

text: measure

text: while

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: behind

text: also

text: Chicago

text: if

text: ranked

text: by

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: An

text: established

text: global

text: city

text: Toronto

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: centre

text: of

text: business

text: finance

text: arts

text: and

text: culture

text: and

text: widely

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: multicultural

text: and

text: cosmopolitan

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Disclose were a Japanese D-beat band from Kchi City, heavily influenced by Discharge. Their sound heavily replicates Discharge's style, with an increased use of fuzz and distortion guitar effects. The subject matter is also similar to Discharge, in that the songs' themes are primarily about nuclear war, and its horrific consequences. On June 5, 2007, Disclose frontman Kawakami died from an overdose of alcohol and sedative.

text: Disclose

text: were

text: Japanese

text: beat

text: band

text: from

text: Kchi

text: City

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: Discharge

text: Their

text: sound

text: heavily

text: replicates

text: Discharge

text: 's

text: style

text: with

text: an

text: increased

text: use

text: of

text: fuzz

text: and

text: distortion

text: guitar

text: effects

text: The

text: subject

text: matter

text: is

text: also

text: similar

text: to

text: Discharge

text: in

text: that

text: the

text: songs

text: themes

text: are

text: primarily

text: about

text: nuclear

text: war

text: and

text: its

text: horrific

text: consequences

text: On

text: June

text: Disclose

text: frontman

text: Kawakami

text: died

text: from

text: an

text: overdose

text: of

text: alcohol

text: and

text: sedative

text: Ö, or ö, is a character that represents either a letter from several extended Latin alphabets, or the letter O modified with an umlaut mark or diaeresis. In many languages, the letter ö, or the O modified with what is known as an "umlaut mark", is used to denote the non-close front rounded vowels or . In languages without such vowels, the character is known as an "O with diaeresis" and denotes a syllable break, wherein its pronunciation remains an unmodified .

text: Ö

text: or

text: ö

text: is

text: character

text: that

text: represents

text: either

text: letter

text: from

text: several

text: extended

text: Latin

text: alphabets

text: or

text: the

text: letter

text: modified

text: with

text: an

text: umlaut

text: mark

text: or

text: diaeresis

text: In

text: many

text: languages

text: the

text: letter

text: ö

text: or

text: the

text: modified

text: with

text: what

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: umlaut

text: mark

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: denote

text: the

text: non

text: close

text: front

text: rounded

text: vowels

text: or

text: In

text: languages

text: without

text: such

text: vowels

text: the

text: character

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: with

text: diaeresis

text: and

text: denotes

text: syllable

text: break

text: wherein

text: its

text: pronunciation

text: remains

text: an

text: unmodified

text: The Rocky Mountains, commonly known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States. Within the North American Cordillera, the Rockies are somewhat distinct from the Pacific Coast Ranges and the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada which all lie further to the west.

text: The

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Rockies

text: are

text: major

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: western

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: stretch

text: more

text: than

text: from

text: the

text: northernmost

text: part

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: in

text: western

text: Canada

text: to

text: New

text: Mexico

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: United

text: States

text: Within

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: Cordillera

text: the

text: Rockies

text: are

text: somewhat

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Coast

text: Ranges

text: and

text: the

text: Cascade

text: Range

text: and

text: Sierra

text: Nevada

text: which

text: all

text: lie

text: further

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: Mob 47 is a hardcore punk band which formed in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1982, originally under the name of "Censur". In 1983 the band members changed the name to what it's now called, "Mob 47", when singer Mentis entered the band. During their early years they played with the band Anti Cimex. They were influenced by bands such as Discharge, Crucifix, D.R.I., and B.G.K.. They have been described as the fastest of the Swedish D-beat groups.

text: Mob

text: is

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: which

text: formed

text: in

text: Stockholm

text: Sweden

text: in

text: originally

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Censur

text: In

text: the

text: band

text: members

text: changed

text: the

text: name

text: to

text: what

text: it

text: 's

text: now

text: called

text: Mob

text: when

text: singer

text: Mentis

text: entered

text: the

text: band

text: During

text: their

text: early

text: years

text: they

text: played

text: with

text: the

text: band

text: Anti

text: Cimex

text: They

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: bands

text: such

text: as

text: Discharge

text: Crucifix

text: D.R.I.

text: and

text: B.G.K

text: They

text: have

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: fastest

text: of

text: the

text: Swedish

text: beat

text: groups

text: In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term "tundra" comes through Russian  ("tûndra") from the Kildin Sami word "tndâr" "uplands", "treeless mountain tract". There are three types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline.

text: In

text: physical

text: geography

text: tundra

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: biome

text: where

text: the

text: tree

text: growth

text: is

text: hindered

text: by

text: low

text: temperatures

text: and

text: short

text: growing

text: seasons

text: The

text: term

text: tundra

text: comes

text: through

text: Russian

text: tûndra

text: from

text: the

text: Kildin

text: Sami

text: word

text: tndâr

text: uplands

text: treeless

text: mountain

text: tract

text: There

text: are

text: three

text: types

text: of

text: tundra

text: Arctic

text: tundra

text: alpine

text: tundra

text: and

text: Antarctic

text: tundra

text: In

text: tundra

text: the

text: vegetation

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: dwarf

text: shrubs

text: sedges

text: and

text: grasses

text: mosses

text: and

text: lichens

text: Scattered

text: trees

text: grow

text: in

text: some

text: tundra

text: regions

text: The

text: ecotone

text: or

text: ecological

text: boundary

text: region

text: between

text: the

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: forest

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: tree

text: line

text: or

text: timberline

text: The new wave of British heavy metal (commonly abbreviated as NWOBHM) was a nationwide musical movement that started in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and achieved international attention by the early 1980s. Journalist Geoff Barton coined the term in a May 1979 issue of the British music newspaper "Sounds" to describe the emergence of new heavy metal bands in the late 1970s, during the period of punk rock's decline and the dominance of new wave music.

text: The

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: British

text: heavy

text: metal

text: commonly

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NWOBHM

text: was

text: nationwide

text: musical

text: movement

text: that

text: started

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: achieved

text: international

text: attention

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: Journalist

text: Geoff

text: Barton

text: coined

text: the

text: term

text: in

text: May

text: issue

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: music

text: newspaper

text: Sounds

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: new

text: heavy

text: metal

text: bands

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: punk

text: rock

text: 's

text: decline

text: and

text: the

text: dominance

text: of

text: new

text: wave

text: music

text: Final Conflict is a hardcore punk band from Long Beach, California formed in 1983. They have gone through various lineup changes since with the only constant member being their original guitar player, Jeff Harp. Currently the band's lineup includes 3/4 of the Original 1988 "Ashes to Ashes" Record lineup, Ron Martinez (Vocals), Jeff Harp (Guitar), Warren Renfrow (Bass), Drummer Nick Manning are the current core lineup. Shane McLachlan of the grindcore band Phobia is an active member as replacement bassist.

text: Final

text: Conflict

text: is

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: from

text: Long

text: Beach

text: California

text: formed

text: in

text: They

text: have

text: gone

text: through

text: various

text: lineup

text: changes

text: since

text: with

text: the

text: only

text: constant

text: member

text: being

text: their

text: original

text: guitar

text: player

text: Jeff

text: Harp

text: Currently

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: lineup

text: includes

text: of

text: the

text: Original

text: Ashes

text: to

text: Ashes

text: Record

text: lineup

text: Ron

text: Martinez

text: Vocals

text: Jeff

text: Harp

text: Guitar

text: Warren

text: Renfrow

text: Bass

text: Drummer

text: Nick

text: Manning

text: are

text: the

text: current

text: core

text: lineup

text: Shane

text: McLachlan

text: of

text: the

text: grindcore

text: band

text: Phobia

text: is

text: an

text: active

text: member

text: as

text: replacement

text: bassist

text: Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.

text: Rock

text: music

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: as

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: developed

text: into

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: later

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: has

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: itself

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: blues

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: country

text: music

text: Rock

text: music

text: also

text: drew

text: strongly

text: on

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: genres

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: blues

text: and

text: folk

text: and

text: incorporated

text: influences

text: from

text: jazz

text: classical

text: and

text: other

text: musical

text: sources

text: An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction. Typically a country's official language refers to the language used within government (e.g., courts, parliament, administration). Since "the means of expression of a people cannot be changed by any law", the term "official language" does not typically refer to the language used by a people or country, but by its government.

text: An

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: language

text: that

text: is

text: given

text: special

text: legal

text: status

text: in

text: particular

text: country

text: state

text: or

text: other

text: jurisdiction

text: Typically

text: country

text: 's

text: official

text: language

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: language

text: used

text: within

text: government

text: e.g.

text: courts

text: parliament

text: administration

text: Since

text: the

text: means

text: of

text: expression

text: of

text: people

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: changed

text: by

text: any

text: law

text: the

text: term

text: official

text: language

text: does

text: not

text: typically

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: language

text: used

text: by

text: people

text: or

text: country

text: but

text: by

text: its

text: government

text: Disfear is a Swedish d-beat band that formed in the early 1990s and recorded sporadically over the years. After releasing the albums "Soul Scars" in 1995 and "Everyday Slaughter" in 1997, the group did not release an album until 2003 with a 12-track album, "Misanthropic Generation", featuring vocalist Tomas Lindberg of At the Gates and The Great Deceiver fame and Uffe Cederlund of Entombed fame. They later worked with Converge's Kurt Ballou for their album "Live the Storm".

text: Disfear

text: is

text: Swedish

text: beat

text: band

text: that

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: recorded

text: sporadically

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: After

text: releasing

text: the

text: albums

text: Soul

text: Scars

text: in

text: and

text: Everyday

text: Slaughter

text: in

text: the

text: group

text: did

text: not

text: release

text: an

text: album

text: until

text: with

text: album

text: Misanthropic

text: Generation

text: featuring

text: vocalist

text: Tomas

text: Lindberg

text: of

text: At

text: the

text: Gates

text: and

text: The

text: Great

text: Deceiver

text: fame

text: and

text: Uffe

text: Cederlund

text: of

text: Entombed

text: fame

text: They

text: later

text: worked

text: with

text: Converge

text: 's

text: Kurt

text: Ballou

text: for

text: their

text: album

text: Live

text: the

text: Storm

text: A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. It is to be distinguished from "musical form" and "musical style", although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Recently, academics have argued that categorizing music by genre is inaccurate and outdated.

text: music

text: genre

text: is

text: conventional

text: category

text: that

text: identifies

text: some

text: pieces

text: of

text: music

text: as

text: belonging

text: to

text: shared

text: tradition

text: or

text: set

text: of

text: conventions

text: It

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: distinguished

text: from

text: musical

text: form

text: and

text: musical

text: style

text: although

text: in

text: practice

text: these

text: terms

text: are

text: sometimes

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: Recently

text: academics

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: categorizing

text: music

text: by

text: genre

text: is

text: inaccurate

text: and

text: outdated

text: Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power. In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.

text: Art

text: is

text: diverse

text: range

text: of

text: human

text: activities

text: in

text: creating

text: visual

text: auditory

text: or

text: performing

text: artifacts

text: artworks

text: expressing

text: the

text: author

text: 's

text: imaginative

text: or

text: technical

text: skill

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: appreciated

text: for

text: their

text: beauty

text: or

text: emotional

text: power

text: In

text: their

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: these

text: activities

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: dissemination

text: of

text: art

text: Motörhead were an English rock band formed in June 1975 by bassist, singer, and songwriter Ian Fraser "Lemmy" Kilmister, who was the sole constant member. The band is often considered a precursor to, or one of the earliest members of, the new wave of British heavy metal, which re-energised heavy metal in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Though several guitarists and drummers played in Motörhead, most of their best-selling albums and singles feature the work of "Fast" Eddie Clarke on lead guitar and Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor on drums.

text: Motörhead

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: June

text: by

text: bassist

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: Ian

text: Fraser

text: Lemmy

text: Kilmister

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: sole

text: constant

text: member

text: The

text: band

text: is

text: often

text: considered

text: precursor

text: to

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: British

text: heavy

text: metal

text: which

text: re

text: energised

text: heavy

text: metal

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: Though

text: several

text: guitarists

text: and

text: drummers

text: played

text: in

text: Motörhead

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: best

text: selling

text: albums

text: and

text: singles

text: feature

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Fast

text: Eddie

text: Clarke

text: on

text: lead

text: guitar

text: and

text: Phil

text: Philthy

text: Animal

text: Taylor

text: on

text: drums

text: Totalitär is a Swedish hardcore punk band formed in 1984-1985 in Hudiksvall. The band plays in the style of D-beat and hardcore punk.

text: Totalitär

text: is

text: Swedish

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: in

text: Hudiksvall

text: The

text: band

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: style

text: of

text: beat

text: and

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: Proto-punk (or "protopunk") is the rock music played by garage bands<ref name="Bangs (RS-2nd ed./Garage)"></ref> from the 1960s and early 1970s that presaged the punk rock movement. A retroactive label, the musicians involved were not originally associated with each other, coming from a variety of backgrounds and styles, but together they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

text: Proto

text: punk

text: or

text: protopunk

text: is

text: the

text: rock

text: music

text: played

text: by

text: garage

text: bands

text: ref

text: name="Bangs

text: ed./Garage)"></ref

text: from

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: that

text: presaged

text: the

text: punk

text: rock

text: movement

text: retroactive

text: label

text: the

text: musicians

text: involved

text: were

text: not

text: originally

text: associated

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: coming

text: from

text: variety

text: of

text: backgrounds

text: and

text: styles

text: but

text: together

text: they

text: anticipated

text: many

text: of

text: punk

text: 's

text: musical

text: and

text: thematic

text: attributes

text: Hardcore punk (often abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock. Its roots can be traced to earlier punk scenes in San Francisco and Southern California which arose as a reaction against the still predominant hippie cultural climate of the time and was also inspired by New York punk rock and early proto-punk. New York punk had a harder-edged sound than its San Francisco counterpart, featuring anti-art expressions of masculine anger, energy and subversive humor. Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the established music industry and "anything similar to the characteristics of mainstream rock" and often addresses social and political topics.

text: Hardcore

text: punk

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: hardcore

text: is

text: punk

text: rock

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: It

text: is

text: generally

text: faster

text: harder

text: and

text: more

text: aggressive

text: than

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: punk

text: rock

text: Its

text: roots

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: earlier

text: punk

text: scenes

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: and

text: Southern

text: California

text: which

text: arose

text: as

text: reaction

text: against

text: the

text: still

text: predominant

text: hippie

text: cultural

text: climate

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: inspired

text: by

text: New

text: York

text: punk

text: rock

text: and

text: early

text: proto

text: punk

text: New

text: York

text: punk

text: had

text: harder

text: edged

text: sound

text: than

text: its

text: San

text: Francisco

text: counterpart

text: featuring

text: anti

text: art

text: expressions

text: of

text: masculine

text: anger

text: energy

text: and

text: subversive

text: humor

text: Hardcore

text: punk

text: generally

text: disavows

text: commercialism

text: the

text: established

text: music

text: industry

text: and

text: anything

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: characteristics

text: of

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: and

text: often

text: addresses

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: topics

text: Ratos de Porão (Portuguese for "Basement Rats") is a Brazilian crossover thrash/hardcore punk band from São Paulo. They were formed in 1981, toured South America, North America, and Europe and still continue to play today. Their core lineup of João Gordo on vocals and Jão on drums and later guitars has remained since virtually the band's beginning.

text: Ratos

text: de

text: Porão

text: Portuguese

text: for

text: Basement

text: Rats

text: is

text: Brazilian

text: crossover

text: thrash

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: from

text: São

text: Paulo

text: They

text: were

text: formed

text: in

text: toured

text: South

text: America

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: and

text: still

text: continue

text: to

text: play

text: today

text: Their

text: core

text: lineup

text: of

text: João

text: Gordo

text: on

text: vocals

text: and

text: Jão

text: on

text: drums

text: and

text: later

text: guitars

text: has

text: remained

text: since

text: virtually

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: beginning

text: Anti Cimex were a Swedish hardcore punk band, based in Skövde, Gothenburg, Linköping, and Malmö, at different times, that formed in 1981. They were one of the first bands to define Scandinavian hardcore punk. Their second 7", "Raped Ass", is considered to be a subgenre-defining D-beat record. Scene historian Peter Jandreus describes the group as the most famous Swedish punk band of the 197787 era.

text: Anti

text: Cimex

text: were

text: Swedish

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: band

text: based

text: in

text: Skövde

text: Gothenburg

text: Linköping

text: and

text: Malmö

text: at

text: different

text: times

text: that

text: formed

text: in

text: They

text: were

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: bands

text: to

text: define

text: Scandinavian

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: Their

text: second

text: Raped

text: Ass

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: subgenre

text: defining

text: beat

text: record

text: Scene

text: historian

text: Peter

text: Jandreus

text: describes

text: the

text: group

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: Swedish

text: punk

text: band

text: of

text: the

text: era

question: genre born dead icons

answer: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock

text: punk rock


text: The Folketing (; lit. "the people's thing"), also known as the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national parliament (legislature) of the Kingdom of Denmark. Established in 1849, until 1953 the Folketing was the lower house of a bicameral parliament, called the Rigsdag; the upper house was the Landsting. It meets in Christiansborg Palace, on the islet of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen.

text: The

text: Folketing

text: lit

text: the

text: people

text: 's

text: thing

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Danish

text: Parliament

text: in

text: English

text: is

text: the

text: unicameral

text: national

text: parliament

text: legislature

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Established

text: in

text: until

text: the

text: Folketing

text: was

text: the

text: lower

text: house

text: of

text: bicameral

text: parliament

text: called

text: the

text: Rigsdag

text: the

text: upper

text: house

text: was

text: the

text: Landsting

text: It

text: meets

text: in

text: Christiansborg

text: Palace

text: on

text: the

text: islet

text: of

text: Slotsholmen

text: in

text: central

text: Copenhagen

text: Slotsholmen (English: The Castle Islet) is an island in the harbour of Copenhagen, Denmark, and part of Copenhagen Inner City. The name is taken from the successive castles and palaces located on the island since Bishop Absalon constructed the city's first castle on the island in 1167 at the site where Christiansborg Palace lies today.

text: Slotsholmen

text: English

text: The

text: Castle

text: Islet

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: harbour

text: of

text: Copenhagen

text: Denmark

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: Copenhagen

text: Inner

text: City

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: taken

text: from

text: the

text: successive

text: castles

text: and

text: palaces

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: since

text: Bishop

text: Absalon

text: constructed

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: first

text: castle

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: site

text: where

text: Christiansborg

text: Palace

text: lies

text: today

text: Christiansborg Palace is a palace and government building on the islet of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It is the seat of the Danish Parliament (""), the Danish Prime Minister's Office and the Supreme Court of Denmark. Also, several parts of the palace are used by the Danish monarch, including the Royal Reception Rooms, the Palace Chapel and the Royal Stables.

text: Christiansborg

text: Palace

text: is

text: palace

text: and

text: government

text: building

text: on

text: the

text: islet

text: of

text: Slotsholmen

text: in

text: central

text: Copenhagen

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: Danish

text: Parliament

text: the

text: Danish

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: 's

text: Office

text: and

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Also

text: several

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: palace

text: are

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Danish

text: monarch

text: including

text: the

text: Royal

text: Reception

text: Rooms

text: the

text: Palace

text: Chapel

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Stables

text: Carl Christian Vilhelm Liebe ( 30 November 1820 -- 24 August 1900 ) was a Danish politician representing first the National Liberal Party and later the conservative Højre , lawyer and speaker of the Landsting , a chamber of the parliament . He was an elected member of the Folketing from 1861 to 1866 , and a royally appointed member of the Landsting from 1866 to 1895 . In the 1855 case at the Court of Impeachment ( Danish : Rigsretten ) against members of the Cabinet of Ørsted , he was defence lawyer for Frederik Ferdinand von Tillisch , Christian Albrecht Bluhme , Wilhelm Sponneck and Anton Wilhelm Scheel . One of his sons was Prime Minister Otto Liebe .

text: Carl

text: Christian

text: Vilhelm

text: Liebe

text: November

text: August

text: was

text: Danish

text: politician

text: representing

text: first

text: the

text: National

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: conservative

text: Højre

text: lawyer

text: and

text: speaker

text: of

text: the

text: Landsting

text: chamber

text: of

text: the

text: parliament

text: He

text: was

text: an

text: elected

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Folketing

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: royally

text: appointed

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Landsting

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: the

text: case

text: at

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Impeachment

text: Danish

text: Rigsretten

text: against

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: of

text: Ørsted

text: he

text: was

text: defence

text: lawyer

text: for

text: Frederik

text: Ferdinand

text: von

text: Tillisch

text: Christian

text: Albrecht

text: Bluhme

text: Wilhelm

text: Sponneck

text: and

text: Anton

text: Wilhelm

text: Scheel

text: One

text: of

text: his

text: sons

text: was

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Otto

text: Liebe

text: Copenhagen (, ); ) is the capital and most populated city of Denmark. It has a municipal population of 591,481 and a larger urban population of 1,280,371. The Copenhagen metropolitan area has just over 2 million inhabitants. The city is situated on the eastern coast of the island of Zealand; another small portion of the city is located on Amager, and is separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the strait of Øresund. The Øresund Bridge connects the two cities by rail and road.

text: Copenhagen

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populated

text: city

text: of

text: Denmark

text: It

text: has

text: municipal

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: larger

text: urban

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: Copenhagen

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: has

text: just

text: over

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Zealand

text: another

text: small

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: Amager

text: and

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: Malmö

text: Sweden

text: by

text: the

text: strait

text: of

text: Øresund

text: The

text: Øresund

text: Bridge

text: connects

text: the

text: two

text: cities

text: by

text: rail

text: and

text: road

text: An upper house, sometimes called a Senate, is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral legislature), the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller, and often has more restricted power, than the lower house. Examples of upper houses in countries include the UK's House of Lords, Canada's Senate, India's Rajya Sabha, Russia's Federation Council, Ireland's Seanad, Germany's Bundesrat and the United States Senate.

text: An

text: upper

text: house

text: sometimes

text: called

text: Senate

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: two

text: chambers

text: of

text: bicameral

text: legislature

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: chambers

text: of

text: tricameral

text: legislature

text: the

text: other

text: chamber

text: being

text: the

text: lower

text: house

text: The

text: house

text: formally

text: designated

text: as

text: the

text: upper

text: house

text: is

text: usually

text: smaller

text: and

text: often

text: has

text: more

text: restricted

text: power

text: than

text: the

text: lower

text: house

text: Examples

text: of

text: upper

text: houses

text: in

text: countries

text: include

text: the

text: UK

text: 's

text: House

text: of

text: Lords

text: Canada

text: 's

text: Senate

text: India

text: 's

text: Rajya

text: Sabha

text: Russia

text: 's

text: Federation

text: Council

text: Ireland

text: 's

text: Seanad

text: Germany

text: 's

text: Bundesrat

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Senate

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: follows single

question: country_of_citizenship carl christian vilhelm liebe

answer: denmark

text: denmark

text: denmark

text: denmark

text: denmark

text: denmark


text:
Mabel Normand (November 9, 1892  February 23, 1930) was an American silent film actress, screenwriter, director, and producer. She was a popular star and collaborator of Mack Sennett in his Keystone Studios films and, at the height of her career in the late 1910s and early 1920s, had her own movie studio and production company. Onscreen, she appeared in 12 successful films with Charles Chaplin and 17 with Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, sometimes writing and directing (or co-writing/directing) movies featuring Chaplin as her leading man.
Throughout the 1920s, her name was linked with widely publicized scandals, including the 1922 murder of William Desmond Taylor and the 1924 shooting of Courtland S. Dines, who was shot by Normand's chauffeur using her pistol. She was not a suspect in either crime. Her film career declined, possibly due to both scandals and a recurrence of tuberculosis in 1923, which led to a decline in her health, retirement from films, and her death in 1930 at age 37.

text: Mabel

text: Normand

text: November

text: February

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: silent

text: film

text: actress

text: screenwriter

text: director

text: and

text: producer

text: She

text: was

text: popular

text: star

text: and

text: collaborator

text: of

text: Mack

text: Sennett

text: in

text: his

text: Keystone

text: Studios

text: films

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: her

text: career

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: had

text: her

text: own

text: movie

text: studio

text: and

text: production

text: company

text: Onscreen

text: she

text: appeared

text: in

text: successful

text: films

text: with

text: Charles

text: Chaplin

text: and

text: with

text: Roscoe

text: Fatty

text: Arbuckle

text: sometimes

text: writing

text: and

text: directing

text: or

text: co

text: writing

text: directing

text: movies

text: featuring

text: Chaplin

text: as

text: her

text: leading

text: man

text: Throughout

text: the

text: her

text: name

text: was

text: linked

text: with

text: widely

text: publicized

text: scandals

text: including

text: the

text: murder

text: of

text: William

text: Desmond

text: Taylor

text: and

text: the

text: shooting

text: of

text: Courtland

text: Dines

text: who

text: was

text: shot

text: by

text: Normand

text: 's

text: chauffeur

text: using

text: her

text: pistol

text: She

text: was

text: not

text: suspect

text: in

text: either

text: crime

text: Her

text: film

text: career

text: declined

text: possibly

text: due

text: to

text: both

text: scandals

text: and

text: recurrence

text: of

text: tuberculosis

text: in

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: decline

text: in

text: her

text: health

text: retirement

text: from

text: films

text: and

text: her

text: death

text: in

text: at

text: age

text:
Lemonade is the name for a number of sweetened beverages found around the world, all characterized by lemon flavor.
Most lemonade varieties can be separated into two distinct types: cloudy, and clear, each known simply as "lemonade" in countries where dominant. Cloudy lemonade, generally found in North America and India, is a traditionally homemade drink made with lemon juice, water, and sweetened with cane sugar or honey. Found in the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, clear lemonade is a lemon flavoured carbonated soft drink. Not to be confused with Sprite a lemon-lime flavored, soft drink.

text: Lemonade

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: for

text: number

text: of

text: sweetened

text: beverages

text: found

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: all

text: characterized

text: by

text: lemon

text: flavor

text: Most

text: lemonade

text: varieties

text: can

text: be

text: separated

text: into

text: two

text: distinct

text: types

text: cloudy

text: and

text: clear

text: each

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: lemonade

text: in

text: countries

text: where

text: dominant

text: Cloudy

text: lemonade

text: generally

text: found

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: India

text: is

text: traditionally

text: homemade

text: drink

text: made

text: with

text: lemon

text: juice

text: water

text: and

text: sweetened

text: with

text: cane

text: sugar

text: or

text: honey

text: Found

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Ireland

text: South

text: Africa

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: clear

text: lemonade

text: is

text: lemon

text: flavoured

text: carbonated

text: soft

text: drink

text: Not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: Sprite

text: lemon

text: lime

text: flavored

text: soft

text: drink

text: Keystone Studios was an early movie studio founded in Edendale, California (which is now a part of Echo Park) on July 4, 1912 as the Keystone Pictures Studio by Mack Sennett (1880-1960) with backing from actor-writer Adam Kessel (1866-1946) and Charles O. Baumann (1874-1931), owners of the New York Motion Picture Company (founded 1909). The company filmed in and around Glendale and Silver Lake, Los Angeles, California for several years, and its films were distributed by the Mutual Film Corporation between 1912 and 1915.

text: Keystone

text: Studios

text: was

text: an

text: early

text: movie

text: studio

text: founded

text: in

text: Edendale

text: California

text: which

text: is

text: now

text: part

text: of

text: Echo

text: Park

text: on

text: July

text: as

text: the

text: Keystone

text: Pictures

text: Studio

text: by

text: Mack

text: Sennett

text: with

text: backing

text: from

text: actor

text: writer

text: Adam

text: Kessel

text: and

text: Charles

text: Baumann

text: owners

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Company

text: founded

text: The

text: company

text: filmed

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: Glendale

text: and

text: Silver

text: Lake

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: California

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: and

text: its

text: films

text: were

text: distributed

text: by

text: the

text: Mutual

text: Film

text: Corporation

text: between

text: and

text: The Keystone Cops (often spelled "Keystone Kops") were fictional incompetent policemen, featured in silent film comedies in the early 20th century. The movies were produced by Mack Sennett for his Keystone Film Company between 1912 and 1917.

text: The

text: Keystone

text: Cops

text: often

text: spelled

text: Keystone

text: Kops

text: were

text: fictional

text: incompetent

text: policemen

text: featured

text: in

text: silent

text: film

text: comedies

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: The

text: movies

text: were

text: produced

text: by

text: Mack

text: Sennett

text: for

text: his

text: Keystone

text: Film

text: Company

text: between

text: and

text: Mack Sennett (born Michael Sinnott; January 17, 1880  November 5, 1960) was a Canadian-born American director and actor and was known as an innovator of slapstick comedy in film. During his lifetime he was known at times as the "King of Comedy". His short "Wrestling Swordfish" was awarded the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film in 1932 and he earned an Academy Honorary Award in 1937.

text: Mack

text: Sennett

text: born

text: Michael

text: Sinnott

text: January

text: November

text: was

text: Canadian

text: born

text: American

text: director

text: and

text: actor

text: and

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: innovator

text: of

text: slapstick

text: comedy

text: in

text: film

text: During

text: his

text: lifetime

text: he

text: was

text: known

text: at

text: times

text: as

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Comedy

text: His

text: short

text: Wrestling

text: Swordfish

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Live

text: Action

text: Short

text: Film

text: in

text: and

text: he

text: earned

text: an

text: Academy

text: Honorary

text: Award

text: in

text: Roscoe Conkling "Fatty" Arbuckle (March 24, 1887  June 29, 1933) was an American silent film actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter. Starting at the Selig Polyscope Company he eventually moved to Keystone Studios, where he worked with Mabel Normand and Harold Lloyd. He mentored Charlie Chaplin and discovered Buster Keaton and Bob Hope. Arbuckle was one of the most popular silent stars of the 1910s, and soon became one of the highest paid actors in Hollywood, signing a contract in 1920 with Paramount Pictures for US$1 million (equivalent to approximately $ in 2017 dollars).

text: Roscoe

text: Conkling

text: Fatty

text: Arbuckle

text: March

text: June

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: silent

text: film

text: actor

text: comedian

text: director

text: and

text: screenwriter

text: Starting

text: at

text: the

text: Selig

text: Polyscope

text: Company

text: he

text: eventually

text: moved

text: to

text: Keystone

text: Studios

text: where

text: he

text: worked

text: with

text: Mabel

text: Normand

text: and

text: Harold

text: Lloyd

text: He

text: mentored

text: Charlie

text: Chaplin

text: and

text: discovered

text: Buster

text: Keaton

text: and

text: Bob

text: Hope

text: Arbuckle

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: silent

text: stars

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: soon

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: paid

text: actors

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: signing

text: contract

text: in

text: with

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: for

text: US$

text: million

text: equivalent

text: to

text: approximately

text: in

text: dollars

text: Ford Sterling (November 3, 1883  October 13, 1939) was an American comedian and actor best known for his work with Keystone Studios. One of the 'Big 4' he was the original chief of the Keystone Cops.

text: Ford

text: Sterling

text: November

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: comedian

text: and

text: actor

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: with

text: Keystone

text: Studios

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: he

text: was

text: the

text: original

text: chief

text: of

text: the

text: Keystone

text: Cops

text: Al St. John (September 10, 1892  January 21, 1963) was an American film actor. In his persona of "Fuzzy Q. Jones", St. John basically defined the role and concept of "comical sidekick" to cowboy heroes from 1930 to 1951.

text: Al

text: St.

text: John

text: September

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: actor

text: In

text: his

text: persona

text: of

text: Fuzzy

text: Jones

text: St.

text: John

text: basically

text: defined

text: the

text: role

text: and

text: concept

text: of

text: comical

text: sidekick

text: to

text: cowboy

text: heroes

text: from

text: to

text: A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue. The silent film era lasted from 1895 to 1936. In silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards which contain a written indication of the plot or key dialogue. The idea of combining motion pictures with recorded sound is nearly as old as film itself, but because of the technical challenges involved, synchronized dialogue was only made practical in the late 1920s with the perfection of the Audion amplifier tube and the introduction of the Vitaphone system. During silent films, a pianist, theatre organist, or, in large cities, even a small orchestra would often play music to accompany the films. Pianists and organists would either play from sheet music or improvise; an orchestra would play from sheet music.

text: silent

text: film

text: is

text: film

text: with

text: no

text: synchronized

text: recorded

text: sound

text: especially

text: with

text: no

text: spoken

text: dialogue

text: The

text: silent

text: film

text: era

text: lasted

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: silent

text: films

text: for

text: entertainment

text: the

text: dialogue

text: is

text: transmitted

text: through

text: muted

text: gestures

text: mime

text: and

text: title

text: cards

text: which

text: contain

text: written

text: indication

text: of

text: the

text: plot

text: or

text: key

text: dialogue

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: combining

text: motion

text: pictures

text: with

text: recorded

text: sound

text: is

text: nearly

text: as

text: old

text: as

text: film

text: itself

text: but

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: technical

text: challenges

text: involved

text: synchronized

text: dialogue

text: was

text: only

text: made

text: practical

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: with

text: the

text: perfection

text: of

text: the

text: Audion

text: amplifier

text: tube

text: and

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: the

text: Vitaphone

text: system

text: During

text: silent

text: films

text: pianist

text: theatre

text: organist

text: or

text: in

text: large

text: cities

text: even

text: small

text: orchestra

text: would

text: often

text: play

text: music

text: to

text: accompany

text: the

text: films

text: Pianists

text: and

text: organists

text: would

text: either

text: play

text: from

text: sheet

text: music

text: or

text: improvise

text: an

text: orchestra

text: would

text: play

text: from

text: sheet

text: music

text: Fred Mace (August 22, 1878  February 21, 1917) was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in 156 films between 1909 and 1916. Mace worked for Mack Sennett at Keystone Studios. Shortly after he left, Roscoe Arbuckle, who had appeared in a few pictures at Keystone with Mace, took over as Sennett's lead comedic actor.

text: Fred

text: Mace

text: August

text: February

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: actor

text: of

text: the

text: silent

text: era

text: He

text: appeared

text: in

text: films

text: between

text: and

text: Mace

text: worked

text: for

text: Mack

text: Sennett

text: at

text: Keystone

text: Studios

text: Shortly

text: after

text: he

text: left

text: Roscoe

text: Arbuckle

text: who

text: had

text: appeared

text: in

text: few

text: pictures

text: at

text: Keystone

text: with

text: Mace

text: took

text: over

text: as

text: Sennett

text: 's

text: lead

text: comedic

text: actor

text: Edgar Livingston Kennedy (April 26, 1890  November 9, 1948) was an American comedic film character actor, known as "Slow Burn". A slow burn is an exasperated facial expression, performed very deliberately; Kennedy embellished this by rubbing his hand over his bald head and across his face, in an attempt to hold his temper. Kennedy is best known for a small role as a lemonade vendor in the Marx Brothers film "Duck Soup", as well as the many Hal Roach films he appeared in.

text: Edgar

text: Livingston

text: Kennedy

text: April

text: November

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: comedic

text: film

text: character

text: actor

text: known

text: as

text: Slow

text: Burn

text: slow

text: burn

text: is

text: an

text: exasperated

text: facial

text: expression

text: performed

text: very

text: deliberately

text: Kennedy

text: embellished

text: this

text: by

text: rubbing

text: his

text: hand

text: over

text: his

text: bald

text: head

text: and

text: across

text: his

text: face

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: hold

text: his

text: temper

text: Kennedy

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: small

text: role

text: as

text: lemonade

text: vendor

text: in

text: the

text: Marx

text: Brothers

text: film

text: Duck

text: Soup

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: many

text: Hal

text: Roach

text: films

text: he

text: appeared

text: in

text: The Bangville Police ( also known as Bangville Police ) is a 1913 comedy short starring Fred Mace , Mabel Normand and the Keystone Cops ( Mace , Raymond Hatton , Edgar Kennedy , Ford Sterling , and Al St. John ) . The film , notable for being regarded as the seminal Keystone Cops short , was directed by Henry Lehrman .

text: The

text: Bangville

text: Police

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Bangville

text: Police

text: is

text: comedy

text: short

text: starring

text: Fred

text: Mace

text: Mabel

text: Normand

text: and

text: the

text: Keystone

text: Cops

text: Mace

text: Raymond

text: Hatton

text: Edgar

text: Kennedy

text: Ford

text: Sterling

text: and

text: Al

text: St.

text: John

text: The

text: film

text: notable

text: for

text: being

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: seminal

text: Keystone

text: Cops

text: short

text: was

text: directed

text: by

text: Henry

text: Lehrman

text: The Marx Brothers were an American family comedy act that was successful in vaudeville, on Broadway, and in motion pictures from 1905 to 1949. Five of the Marx Brothers' thirteen feature films were selected by the American Film Institute (AFI) as among the top 100 comedy films, with two of them ("Duck Soup" and "A Night at the Opera") in the top twelve. They are widely considered by critics, scholars, and fans to be among the greatest and most influential comedians of the 20th century. The brothers were included in AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars list of the 25 greatest male stars of Classic Hollywood cinema, the only performers to be inducted collectively.

text: The

text: Marx

text: Brothers

text: were

text: an

text: American

text: family

text: comedy

text: act

text: that

text: was

text: successful

text: in

text: vaudeville

text: on

text: Broadway

text: and

text: in

text: motion

text: pictures

text: from

text: to

text: Five

text: of

text: the

text: Marx

text: Brothers

text: thirteen

text: feature

text: films

text: were

text: selected

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: Film

text: Institute

text: AFI

text: as

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: comedy

text: films

text: with

text: two

text: of

text: them

text: Duck

text: Soup

text: and

text: Night

text: at

text: the

text: Opera

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: twelve

text: They

text: are

text: widely

text: considered

text: by

text: critics

text: scholars

text: and

text: fans

text: to

text: be

text: among

text: the

text: greatest

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: comedians

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: brothers

text: were

text: included

text: in

text: AFI

text: 's

text: Years

text: Stars

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: male

text: stars

text: of

text: Classic

text: Hollywood

text: cinema

text: the

text: only

text: performers

text: to

text: be

text: inducted

text: collectively

text: A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects.

text: film

text: also

text: called

text: movie

text: motion

text: picture

text: theatrical

text: film

text: or

text: photoplay

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: still

text: images

text: which

text: when

text: shown

text: on

text: screen

text: creates

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: moving

text: images

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: This

text: optical

text: illusion

text: causes

text: the

text: audience

text: to

text: perceive

text: continuous

text: motion

text: between

text: separate

text: objects

text: viewed

text: rapidly

text: in

text: succession

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: is

text: both

text: an

text: art

text: and

text: an

text: industry

text: film

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: photographing

text: actual

text: scenes

text: with

text: motion

text: picture

text: camera

text: by

text: photographing

text: drawings

text: or

text: miniature

text: models

text: using

text: traditional

text: animation

text: techniques

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: CGI

text: and

text: computer

text: animation

text: or

text: by

text: combination

text: of

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: techniques

text: and

text: other

text: visual

text: effects

annotations: likely multiple

question: production_company the bangville police

answer: keystone studios

text: keystone studios

text: keystone studios

text: keystone studios

text: keystone studios

text: keystone studios