text: Vlorë is a coastal city and municipality in southern Albania. It is the second largest port city of Albania, after Durrës. It is where the Albanian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on November 28, 1912. Vlorë was briefly the capital of Albania.

text: Vlorë

text: is

text: coastal

text: city

text: and

text: municipality

text: in

text: southern

text: Albania

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: port

text: city

text: of

text: Albania

text: after

text: Durrës

text: It

text: is

text: where

text: the

text: Albanian

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: on

text: November

text: Vlorë

text: was

text: briefly

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Albania

text: The Ambracian Gulf, also known as the Gulf of Arta or the Gulf of Actium, and in some official documents as the Amvrakikos Gulf, is a gulf of the Ionian Sea in northwestern Greece. About long and wide, it is one of the largest enclosed gulfs in Greece. The towns of Preveza, Amphilochia (formerly Karvassaras), and Vonitsa lie on its shores.

text: The

text: Ambracian

text: Gulf

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Arta

text: or

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Actium

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: official

text: documents

text: as

text: the

text: Amvrakikos

text: Gulf

text: is

text: gulf

text: of

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Greece

text: About

text: long

text: and

text: wide

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: enclosed

text: gulfs

text: in

text: Greece

text: The

text: towns

text: of

text: Preveza

text: Amphilochia

text: formerly

text: Karvassaras

text: and

text: Vonitsa

text: lie

text: on

text: its

text: shores

text:
Ambracia (occasionally , "Ampracia"), was a city of ancient Greece on the site of modern Arta. It was founded as a Corinthian colony in the 7th century BC and was situated about 7 miles from the Ambracian Gulf, on a bend of the navigable river Arachthos (or Aratthus), in the midst of a fertile wooded plain.
History.
It was founded between 650 and 625 BC by Gorgus, son of the Corinthian tyrant Cypselus, at which time its economy was based on farmlands, fishing, timber for shipbuilding, and the exportation of the produce of Epirus. After the expulsion of Gorgus's son Periander its government developed into a strong democracy. The early policy of Ambracia was determined by its loyalty to Corinth (for which it probably served as an entrepot in the Epirus trade), and its consequent aversion to Corcyra (as Ambracia participated on the Corinthian side at the Battle of Sybota, which took place in 433 BC between the rebellious Corinthian colony of Corcyra (modern Corfu) and Corinth).

text: Ambracia

text: occasionally

text: Ampracia

text: was

text: city

text: of

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: modern

text: Arta

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: as

text: Corinthian

text: colony

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: and

text: was

text: situated

text: about

text: miles

text: from

text: the

text: Ambracian

text: Gulf

text: on

text: bend

text: of

text: the

text: navigable

text: river

text: Arachthos

text: or

text: Aratthus

text: in

text: the

text: midst

text: of

text: fertile

text: wooded

text: plain

text: History

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: by

text: Gorgus

text: son

text: of

text: the

text: Corinthian

text: tyrant

text: Cypselus

text: at

text: which

text: time

text: its

text: economy

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: farmlands

text: fishing

text: timber

text: for

text: shipbuilding

text: and

text: the

text: exportation

text: of

text: the

text: produce

text: of

text: Epirus

text: After

text: the

text: expulsion

text: of

text: Gorgus

text: 's

text: son

text: Periander

text: its

text: government

text: developed

text: into

text: strong

text: democracy

text: The

text: early

text: policy

text: of

text: Ambracia

text: was

text: determined

text: by

text: its

text: loyalty

text: to

text: Corinth

text: for

text: which

text: it

text: probably

text: served

text: as

text: an

text: entrepot

text: in

text: the

text: Epirus

text: trade

text: and

text: its

text: consequent

text: aversion

text: to

text: Corcyra

text: as

text: Ambracia

text: participated

text: on

text: the

text: Corinthian

text: side

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Sybota

text: which

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: BC

text: between

text: the

text: rebellious

text: Corinthian

text: colony

text: of

text: Corcyra

text: modern

text: Corfu

text: and

text: Corinth

text: Nicopolis ("Nikópolis", "City of Victory") or Actia Nicopolis was the capital city of the Roman province of Epirus Vetus. It was located in the western part of the modern state of Greece. The city was founded by Caesar Augustus in commemoration of his victory in 31 BC over Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium nearby. It was soon made the major city of the wider region of Epirus region. Many impressive remains of the ancient city may be visited today.

text: Nicopolis

text: Nikópolis

text: City

text: of

text: Victory

text: or

text: Actia

text: Nicopolis

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Vetus

text: It

text: was

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: state

text: of

text: Greece

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Caesar

text: Augustus

text: in

text: commemoration

text: of

text: his

text: victory

text: in

text: BC

text: over

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: nearby

text: It

text: was

text: soon

text: made

text: the

text: major

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: wider

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: region

text: Many

text: impressive

text: remains

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: city

text: may

text: be

text: visited

text: today

text:
A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology and hours of daylight. Seasons result from the yearly orbit of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis relative to the plane of the orbit. In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to go into hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant.
During May, June, and July, the northern hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the sun. The same is true of the southern hemisphere in November, December, and January. It is the tilt of the Earth that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag, June, July, and August are the hottest months in the northern hemisphere and December, January, and February are the hottest months in the southern hemisphere.

text: season

text: is

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: marked

text: by

text: changes

text: in

text: weather

text: ecology

text: and

text: hours

text: of

text: daylight

text: Seasons

text: result

text: from

text: the

text: yearly

text: orbit

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: around

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: tilt

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: rotational

text: axis

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: plane

text: of

text: the

text: orbit

text: In

text: temperate

text: and

text: polar

text: regions

text: the

text: seasons

text: are

text: marked

text: by

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: intensity

text: of

text: sunlight

text: that

text: reaches

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: variations

text: of

text: which

text: may

text: cause

text: animals

text: to

text: go

text: into

text: hibernation

text: or

text: to

text: migrate

text: and

text: plants

text: to

text: be

text: dormant

text: During

text: May

text: June

text: and

text: July

text: the

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: is

text: exposed

text: to

text: more

text: direct

text: sunlight

text: because

text: the

text: hemisphere

text: faces

text: the

text: sun

text: The

text: same

text: is

text: true

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: hemisphere

text: in

text: November

text: December

text: and

text: January

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: tilt

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: that

text: causes

text: the

text: Sun

text: to

text: be

text: higher

text: in

text: the

text: sky

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: months

text: which

text: increases

text: the

text: solar

text: flux

text: However

text: due

text: to

text: seasonal

text: lag

text: June

text: July

text: and

text: August

text: are

text: the

text: hottest

text: months

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: and

text: December

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: are

text: the

text: hottest

text: months

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: hemisphere

text: The Pindus (also Pindos or Pindhos) mountain range is located in northern Greece and southern Albania. It is roughly 160 km long, with a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (Mount Smolikas). Because it runs along the border of Thessaly and Epirus, the Pindus range is often called the "spine of Greece". The mountain range stretches from near the Greek-Albanian borders in Northern Epirus, entering the Epirus region and Macedonia region in northern Greece down to the north of the Peloponnese. Geologically it constitutes an extension of the Dinaric Alps, which dominate the western region of the Balkan Peninsula. This vast complex of mountains, peaks, plateaus, valleys and gorges traverses the Greek mainland from the Northwest to the Southeast. Its length reaches almost 230 kilometers and its largest width is 70 kilometers.

text: The

text: Pindus

text: also

text: Pindos

text: or

text: Pindhos

text: mountain

text: range

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: northern

text: Greece

text: and

text: southern

text: Albania

text: It

text: is

text: roughly

text: km

text: long

text: with

text: maximum

text: elevation

text: of

text: Mount

text: Smolikas

text: Because

text: it

text: runs

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: of

text: Thessaly

text: and

text: Epirus

text: the

text: Pindus

text: range

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: the

text: spine

text: of

text: Greece

text: The

text: mountain

text: range

text: stretches

text: from

text: near

text: the

text: Greek

text: Albanian

text: borders

text: in

text: Northern

text: Epirus

text: entering

text: the

text: Epirus

text: region

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: region

text: in

text: northern

text: Greece

text: down

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Peloponnese

text: Geologically

text: it

text: constitutes

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: Dinaric

text: Alps

text: which

text: dominate

text: the

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: Peninsula

text: This

text: vast

text: complex

text: of

text: mountains

text: peaks

text: plateaus

text: valleys

text: and

text: gorges

text: traverses

text: the

text: Greek

text: mainland

text: from

text: the

text: Northwest

text: to

text: the

text: Southeast

text: Its

text: length

text: reaches

text: almost

text: kilometers

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: width

text: is

text: kilometers

text: Albania (; ), officially the Republic of Albania, is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe. It has a population of 3.03 million as of 2016. Tirana is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Durrës and Vlorë. Albania is located in the south-western part of the Balkan peninsula, bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast. The country has a coastline on the northern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea to the west and the Ionian Sea to the southwest where the Albanian Riviera begins. Albania is less than from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.

text: Albania

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Albania

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Tirana

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Durrës

text: and

text: Vlorë

text: Albania

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: bordered

text: by

text: Montenegro

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Kosovo

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: coastline

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: where

text: the

text: Albanian

text: Riviera

text: begins

text: Albania

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: from

text: Italy

text: across

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Otranto

text: which

text: connects

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text:
Greece (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe.
Greece's population is approximately 10.955 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

text: Greece

text: officially

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Republic

text: Greek

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hellas

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: Greece

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: approximately

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Thessaloniki

text: Literature, in its broadest sense, is any single body of written works. More restrictively, it is writing considered as an art form, or any single writing deemed to have artistic or intellectual value, often due to deploying language in ways that differ from ordinary usage. Its Latin root "literatura"/"litteratura" (derived itself from "littera": "letter" or "handwriting") was used to refer to all written accounts, though contemporary definitions extend the term to include texts that are spoken or sung (oral literature). Literature can be classified according to whether it is fiction or non-fiction and whether it is poetry or prose; it can be further distinguished according to major forms such as the novel, short story or drama; and works are often categorized according to historical periods or their adherence to certain aesthetic features or expectations (genre).

text: Literature

text: in

text: its

text: broadest

text: sense

text: is

text: any

text: single

text: body

text: of

text: written

text: works

text: More

text: restrictively

text: it

text: is

text: writing

text: considered

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: or

text: any

text: single

text: writing

text: deemed

text: to

text: have

text: artistic

text: or

text: intellectual

text: value

text: often

text: due

text: to

text: deploying

text: language

text: in

text: ways

text: that

text: differ

text: from

text: ordinary

text: usage

text: Its

text: Latin

text: root

text: literatura"/"litteratura

text: derived

text: itself

text: from

text: littera

text: letter

text: or

text: handwriting

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: all

text: written

text: accounts

text: though

text: contemporary

text: definitions

text: extend

text: the

text: term

text: to

text: include

text: texts

text: that

text: are

text: spoken

text: or

text: sung

text: oral

text: literature

text: Literature

text: can

text: be

text: classified

text: according

text: to

text: whether

text: it

text: is

text: fiction

text: or

text: non

text: fiction

text: and

text: whether

text: it

text: is

text: poetry

text: or

text: prose

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: further

text: distinguished

text: according

text: to

text: major

text: forms

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: novel

text: short

text: story

text: or

text: drama

text: and

text: works

text: are

text: often

text: categorized

text: according

text: to

text: historical

text: periods

text: or

text: their

text: adherence

text: to

text: certain

text: aesthetic

text: features

text: or

text: expectations

text: genre

text: Epirus is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania. It lies between the Pindus Mountains and the Ionian Sea, stretching from the Bay of Vlorë and the Acroceraunian mountains in the north to the Ambracian Gulf and the ruined Roman city of Nicopolis in the south. It is currently divided between the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece and the counties of Gjirokastër, Vlorë, and Berat in southern Albania. The largest city in Epirus is Ioannina, seat of the region of Epirus, with Gjirokastër the largest city in the Albanian part of Epirus.

text: Epirus

text: is

text: geographical

text: and

text: historical

text: region

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: now

text: shared

text: between

text: Greece

text: and

text: Albania

text: It

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: Pindus

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: the

text: Acroceraunian

text: mountains

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Ambracian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: ruined

text: Roman

text: city

text: of

text: Nicopolis

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Gjirokastër

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: Berat

text: in

text: southern

text: Albania

text: The

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Epirus

text: is

text: Ioannina

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: with

text: Gjirokastër

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Albanian

text: part

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Kostas Krystallis ( Greek :   ; 1868 -- 1894 ) was a Greek author and poet , representative of 19th century Greek pastoral literature . He was born an Ottoman subject in Epirus , but escaped to Greece after being denounced to the authorities for writing a patriotic collection of poetry . Krystallis initially wrote his works in archaic language , but after 1891 he adopted the vernacular ( Demotic ) Greek language and became influenced by the New Athenian school . He was a pictorial writer , with a love to nature , while most of his work was based on traditional folk poetry .

text: Kostas

text: Krystallis

text: Greek

text: was

text: Greek

text: author

text: and

text: poet

text: representative

text: of

text: century

text: Greek

text: pastoral

text: literature

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: an

text: Ottoman

text: subject

text: in

text: Epirus

text: but

text: escaped

text: to

text: Greece

text: after

text: being

text: denounced

text: to

text: the

text: authorities

text: for

text: writing

text: patriotic

text: collection

text: of

text: poetry

text: Krystallis

text: initially

text: wrote

text: his

text: works

text: in

text: archaic

text: language

text: but

text: after

text: he

text: adopted

text: the

text: vernacular

text: Demotic

text: Greek

text: language

text: and

text: became

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: Athenian

text: school

text: He

text: was

text: pictorial

text: writer

text: with

text: love

text: to

text: nature

text: while

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: work

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: traditional

text: folk

text: poetry

text: A pastoral lifestyle (see pastoralism) is that of shepherds herding livestock around open areas of land according to seasons and the changing availability of water and pasture. It lends its name to a genre of literature, art and music that depicts such life in an idealized manner, typically for urban audiences. A "pastoral" is a work of this genre, also known as bucolic, from the Greek , from , meaning a cowherd.

text: pastoral

text: lifestyle

text: see

text: pastoralism

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: shepherds

text: herding

text: livestock

text: around

text: open

text: areas

text: of

text: land

text: according

text: to

text: seasons

text: and

text: the

text: changing

text: availability

text: of

text: water

text: and

text: pasture

text: It

text: lends

text: its

text: name

text: to

text: genre

text: of

text: literature

text: art

text: and

text: music

text: that

text: depicts

text: such

text: life

text: in

text: an

text: idealized

text: manner

text: typically

text: for

text: urban

text: audiences

text: pastoral

text: is

text: work

text: of

text: this

text: genre

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: bucolic

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: from

text: meaning

text: cowherd

text: The Ionian Sea (, , ) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy including Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania to the north, and the west coast of Greece.

text: The

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: is

text: an

text: elongated

text: embayment

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: southern

text: Italy

text: including

text: Calabria

text: Sicily

text: and

text: the

text: Salento

text: peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: southern

text: Albania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: west

text: coast

text: of

text: Greece

text: Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. It is animal husbandry: the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas, and sheep. "Pastoralism" generally has a mobile aspect; moving the herds in search of fresh pasture and water (in contrast to pastoral farming, in which non-nomadic farmers grow crops and improve pastures for their livestock).

text: Pastoralism

text: is

text: the

text: branch

text: of

text: agriculture

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: raising

text: of

text: livestock

text: It

text: is

text: animal

text: husbandry

text: the

text: care

text: tending

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: animals

text: such

text: as

text: camels

text: goats

text: cattle

text: yaks

text: llamas

text: and

text: sheep

text: Pastoralism

text: generally

text: has

text: mobile

text: aspect

text: moving

text: the

text: herds

text: in

text: search

text: of

text: fresh

text: pasture

text: and

text: water

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: pastoral

text: farming

text: in

text: which

text: non

text: nomadic

text: farmers

text: grow

text: crops

text: and

text: improve

text: pastures

text: for

text: their

text: livestock

text: Athens ("Athína" ) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years, and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2015, Athens was ranked the world's 29th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.

text: Athens

text: Athína

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Greece

text: Athens

text: dominates

text: the

text: Attica

text: region

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: cities

text: with

text: its

text: recorded

text: history

text: spanning

text: over

text: years

text: and

text: its

text: earliest

text: human

text: presence

text: starting

text: somewhere

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: millennia

text: BC

text: Classical

text: Athens

text: was

text: powerful

text: city

text: state

text: that

text: emerged

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: seagoing

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Piraeus

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: distinct

text: city

text: prior

text: to

text: its

text: century

text: BC

text: incorporation

text: with

text: Athens

text: centre

text: for

text: the

text: arts

text: learning

text: and

text: philosophy

text: home

text: of

text: Plato

text: 's

text: Academy

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: Lyceum

text: it

text: is

text: widely

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: cradle

text: of

text: Western

text: civilization

text: and

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: democracy

text: largely

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: Romans

text: In

text: modern

text: times

text: Athens

text: is

text: large

text: cosmopolitan

text: metropolis

text: and

text: central

text: to

text: economic

text: financial

text: industrial

text: maritime

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: life

text: in

text: Greece

text: In

text: Athens

text: was

text: ranked

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: richest

text: city

text: by

text: purchasing

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: expensive

text: in

text: UBS

text: study

text: Thessaloniki is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace. Its nickname is   ("Symprotévousa"), literally "the co-capital", a reference to its historical status as the  ("Symvasilévousa") or "co-reigning" city of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, alongside Constantinople.

text: Thessaloniki

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Greek

text: Macedonia

text: the

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: Central

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: the

text: Decentralized

text: Administration

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: Thrace

text: Its

text: nickname

text: is

text: Symprotévousa

text: literally

text: the

text: co

text: capital

text: reference

text: to

text: its

text: historical

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: Symvasilévousa

text: or

text: co

text: reigning

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Roman

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: alongside

text: Constantinople

text: Ioannina, often called Yannena within Greece, is the capital and largest city of Epirus, an administrative region in north-western Greece. Its populations is 112,486, according to 2011 census. It lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level, on the western shore of lake Pamvotis. It is the capital of Ioannina regional unit and the region of Epirus. Ioannina is located northwest of Athens, southwest of Thessaloniki and east of the port of Igoumenitsa in the Ionian Sea.

text: Ioannina

text: often

text: called

text: Yannena

text: within

text: Greece

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Epirus

text: an

text: administrative

text: region

text: in

text: north

text: western

text: Greece

text: Its

text: populations

text: is

text: according

text: to

text: census

text: It

text: lies

text: at

text: an

text: elevation

text: of

text: approximately

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: shore

text: of

text: lake

text: Pamvotis

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Ioannina

text: regional

text: unit

text: and

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Ioannina

text: is

text: located

text: northwest

text: of

text: Athens

text: southwest

text: of

text: Thessaloniki

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Igoumenitsa

text: in

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: The

text: euro

text: sign

text: code

text: EUR

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: currency

text: of

text: the

text: eurozone

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Austria

text: Belgium

text: Cyprus

text: Estonia

text: Finland

text: France

text: Germany

text: Greece

text: Ireland

text: Italy

text: Latvia

text: Lithuania

text: Luxembourg

text: Malta

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Portugal

text: Slovakia

text: Slovenia

text: and

text: Spain

text: The

text: currency

text: is

text: also

text: officially

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: institutions

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: four

text: other

text: European

text: countries

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: unilaterally

text: by

text: two

text: others

text: and

text: is

text: consequently

text: used

text: daily

text: by

text: some

text: million

text: Europeans

text: Outside

text: of

text: Europe

text: number

text: of

text: overseas

text: territories

text: of

text: EU

text: members

text: also

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: as

text: their

text: currency

question: place_of_death kostas krystallis

answer: arta

text: arta

text: arta


text: JURIST is an online legal news service hosted by the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, powered by a staff of more than 60 law students working in Pittsburgh and other US locations under the direction of founding Publisher & Editor-in-Chief Professor Bernard Hibbitts, Acting Executive Director Andrew Morgan, Research Director Jaclyn Belczyk, Technical Director Jeremiah Lee, Managing Editor Joseph Macklin and Chief of Staff Steven Wildberger. It features continuously updated US and international legal news and expert commentary. JURIST is dedicated to advancing civic education, supporting sound decision-making and promoting the rule of law by objectively reporting, documenting and analyzing important legal developments as they happen. JURIST seeks to encourage teaching, learning, and scholarship within the legal community and in the general community.

text: JURIST

text: is

text: an

text: online

text: legal

text: news

text: service

text: hosted

text: by

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Pittsburgh

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: powered

text: by

text: staff

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: law

text: students

text: working

text: in

text: Pittsburgh

text: and

text: other

text: US

text: locations

text: under

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: founding

text: Publisher

text: Editor

text: in

text: Chief

text: Professor

text: Bernard

text: Hibbitts

text: Acting

text: Executive

text: Director

text: Andrew

text: Morgan

text: Research

text: Director

text: Jaclyn

text: Belczyk

text: Technical

text: Director

text: Jeremiah

text: Lee

text: Managing

text: Editor

text: Joseph

text: Macklin

text: and

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: Steven

text: Wildberger

text: It

text: features

text: continuously

text: updated

text: US

text: and

text: international

text: legal

text: news

text: and

text: expert

text: commentary

text: JURIST

text: is

text: dedicated

text: to

text: advancing

text: civic

text: education

text: supporting

text: sound

text: decision

text: making

text: and

text: promoting

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: by

text: objectively

text: reporting

text: documenting

text: and

text: analyzing

text: important

text: legal

text: developments

text: as

text: they

text: happen

text: JURIST

text: seeks

text: to

text: encourage

text: teaching

text: learning

text: and

text: scholarship

text: within

text: the

text: legal

text: community

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: general

text: community

text: The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city of Edinburgh, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: Edin

text: in

text: post

text: nominals

text: founded

text: in

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: oldest

text: university

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: ancient

text: universities

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: deeply

text: embedded

text: in

text: the

text: fabric

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: with

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: buildings

text: in

text: the

text: historic

text: Old

text: Town

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: university

text: A royal burgh was a type of Scottish burgh which had been founded by, or subsequently granted, a royal charter. Although abolished in law in 1975, the term is still used by many former royal burghs.

text: royal

text: burgh

text: was

text: type

text: of

text: Scottish

text: burgh

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: founded

text: by

text: or

text: subsequently

text: granted

text: royal

text: charter

text: Although

text: abolished

text: in

text: law

text: in

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: still

text: used

text: by

text: many

text: former

text: royal

text: burghs

text: The University of Pittsburgh School of Law (sometimes referred to as Pitt Law) was founded in 1895. It became a charter member of the Association of American Law Schools in 1900. Its primary home facility is the Barco Law Building. The school offers four degrees: Master of Studies in Law, Juris Doctor, Master of Laws for international students, and the Doctor of Juridical Science. The school offers several international legal programs, operates a variety of clinics, and publishes several law journals.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Pittsburgh

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Pitt

text: Law

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: It

text: became

text: charter

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: American

text: Law

text: Schools

text: in

text: Its

text: primary

text: home

text: facility

text: is

text: the

text: Barco

text: Law

text: Building

text: The

text: school

text: offers

text: four

text: degrees

text: Master

text: of

text: Studies

text: in

text: Law

text: Juris

text: Doctor

text: Master

text: of

text: Laws

text: for

text: international

text: students

text: and

text: the

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Juridical

text: Science

text: The

text: school

text: offers

text: several

text: international

text: legal

text: programs

text: operates

text: variety

text: of

text: clinics

text: and

text: publishes

text: several

text: law

text: journals

text: The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or "shelf") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .

text: The

text: North

text: Sea

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: located

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Scandinavia

text: Germany

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: and

text: France

text: An

text: epeiric

text: or

text: shelf

text: sea

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: continental

text: shelf

text: it

text: connects

text: to

text: the

text: ocean

text: through

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: It

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: long

text: and

text: wide

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: around

text: Bernard J. Hibbitts is a Canadian lawyer, professor, and publisher currently teaching in the United States at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. Originally trained as a legal historian whose McLuhanistic early work focused on the historical relationship between law, media and the senses, he wrote a series of controversial articles in the mid-1990s on the future of law reviews and scholarly publishing in the then-just-emerging age of the Internet. He is best known today as the founder and publisher of JURIST, the Webby award-winning online legal news service, established in 1996. He is Chairman of the Board of Directors of JURIST Legal News and Research Services, Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

text: Bernard

text: Hibbitts

text: is

text: Canadian

text: lawyer

text: professor

text: and

text: publisher

text: currently

text: teaching

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Pittsburgh

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: Originally

text: trained

text: as

text: legal

text: historian

text: whose

text: McLuhanistic

text: early

text: work

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: historical

text: relationship

text: between

text: law

text: media

text: and

text: the

text: senses

text: he

text: wrote

text: series

text: of

text: controversial

text: articles

text: in

text: the

text: on

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: law

text: reviews

text: and

text: scholarly

text: publishing

text: in

text: the

text: then

text: just

text: emerging

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: Internet

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: today

text: as

text: the

text: founder

text: and

text: publisher

text: of

text: JURIST

text: the

text: Webby

text: award

text: winning

text: online

text: legal

text: news

text: service

text: established

text: in

text: He

text: is

text: Chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Board

text: of

text: Directors

text: of

text: JURIST

text: Legal

text: News

text: and

text: Research

text: Services

text: Inc.

text: non

text: profit

text: organization

text: Carnock is a village and parish of Fife, Scotland, 4.2 miles (6.759km) west of Dunfermline. It is 1.3 miles (2.092km) east of Oakley, Fife. The village is said to be named for St. Cearnock, a disciple of St. Ninian. Alternatively the form may derive from "Caer-cnoc", the meaning of "Caer" to be a fort or castle and "cnoc" which is known to mean an isolated hill (see History of Dunfermline). Carnock is known to have had military significance in antiquity.

text: Carnock

text: is

text: village

text: and

text: parish

text: of

text: Fife

text: Scotland

text: miles

text: km

text: west

text: of

text: Dunfermline

text: It

text: is

text: miles

text: km

text: east

text: of

text: Oakley

text: Fife

text: The

text: village

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: named

text: for

text: St.

text: Cearnock

text: disciple

text: of

text: St.

text: Ninian

text: Alternatively

text: the

text: form

text: may

text: derive

text: from

text: Caer

text: cnoc

text: the

text: meaning

text: of

text: Caer

text: to

text: be

text: fort

text: or

text: castle

text: and

text: cnoc

text: which

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: mean

text: an

text: isolated

text: hill

text: see

text: History

text: of

text: Dunfermline

text: Carnock

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: had

text: military

text: significance

text: in

text: antiquity

text: John Erskine of Carnock (4 November 1695  1 March 1768) was a Scottish jurist and professor of Scottish law at the University of Edinburgh. He wrote the "Principles of the Law of Scotland" and "An Institute of the Law of Scotland", prominent books on Scots law.

text: John

text: Erskine

text: of

text: Carnock

text: November

text: March

text: was

text: Scottish

text: jurist

text: and

text: professor

text: of

text: Scottish

text: law

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: He

text: wrote

text: the

text: Principles

text: of

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: An

text: Institute

text: of

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Scotland

text: prominent

text: books

text: on

text: Scots

text: law

text: Rev John Erskine DD ( 1721 -- 1803 ) , the Scottish theologian , was born near Dunfermline at Carnock on 2 June 1721 . His father was the great Scottish jurist John Erskine of Carnock and his grandfather was Colonel John Erskine of Cardross who had been in William of Orange 's army when it invaded England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 .

text: Rev

text: John

text: Erskine

text: DD

text: the

text: Scottish

text: theologian

text: was

text: born

text: near

text: Dunfermline

text: at

text: Carnock

text: on

text: June

text: His

text: father

text: was

text: the

text: great

text: Scottish

text: jurist

text: John

text: Erskine

text: of

text: Carnock

text: and

text: his

text: grandfather

text: was

text: Colonel

text: John

text: Erskine

text: of

text: Cardross

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: in

text: William

text: of

text: Orange

text: 's

text: army

text: when

text: it

text: invaded

text: England

text: in

text: the

text: Glorious

text: Revolution

text: of

text: The Firth of Forth is the estuary (firth) of the River Forth in Scotland, where it flows into the North Sea, between Fife to the north and Lothian to the south. It was known as "Bodotria" in Roman times. In the Norse sagas it was known as the "Myrkvifiörd".

text: The

text: Firth

text: of

text: Forth

text: is

text: the

text: estuary

text: firth

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Forth

text: in

text: Scotland

text: where

text: it

text: flows

text: into

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: between

text: Fife

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Lothian

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Bodotria

text: in

text: Roman

text: times

text: In

text: the

text: Norse

text: sagas

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Myrkvifiörd

text: The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange. William's successful invasion of England with a Dutch fleet and army led to his ascension of the English throne as William III of England jointly with his wife Mary II of England, James's daughter, in conjunction with the documentation of the Bill of Rights 1689.

text: The

text: Glorious

text: Revolution

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: Revolution

text: of

text: was

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: King

text: James

text: II

text: of

text: England

text: James

text: VII

text: of

text: Scotland

text: by

text: union

text: of

text: English

text: Parliamentarians

text: with

text: the

text: Dutch

text: stadtholder

text: William

text: III

text: of

text: Orange

text: William

text: 's

text: successful

text: invasion

text: of

text: England

text: with

text: Dutch

text: fleet

text: and

text: army

text: led

text: to

text: his

text: ascension

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: throne

text: as

text: William

text: III

text: of

text: England

text: jointly

text: with

text: his

text: wife

text: Mary

text: II

text: of

text: England

text: James

text: 's

text: daughter

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: documentation

text: of

text: the

text: Bill

text: of

text: Rights

text: The Bill of Rights is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights. Passed on 16 December 1689, it is a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Rights presented by the Convention Parliament to William and Mary in February 1689, inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England. The Bill of Rights lays down limits on the powers of the monarch and sets out the rights of Parliament, including the requirement for regular parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech in Parliament. It sets out certain rights of individuals including the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment and reestablished the liberty of Protestants to have arms for their defence within the rule of law. Furthermore, the Bill of Rights described and condemned several misdeeds of James II of England.

text: The

text: Bill

text: of

text: Rights

text: is

text: an

text: Act

text: of

text: the

text: Parliament

text: of

text: England

text: that

text: deals

text: with

text: constitutional

text: matters

text: and

text: sets

text: out

text: certain

text: basic

text: civil

text: rights

text: Passed

text: on

text: December

text: it

text: is

text: restatement

text: in

text: statutory

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Rights

text: presented

text: by

text: the

text: Convention

text: Parliament

text: to

text: William

text: and

text: Mary

text: in

text: February

text: inviting

text: them

text: to

text: become

text: joint

text: sovereigns

text: of

text: England

text: The

text: Bill

text: of

text: Rights

text: lays

text: down

text: limits

text: on

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: and

text: sets

text: out

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: Parliament

text: including

text: the

text: requirement

text: for

text: regular

text: parliaments

text: free

text: elections

text: and

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: in

text: Parliament

text: It

text: sets

text: out

text: certain

text: rights

text: of

text: individuals

text: including

text: the

text: prohibition

text: of

text: cruel

text: and

text: unusual

text: punishment

text: and

text: reestablished

text: the

text: liberty

text: of

text: Protestants

text: to

text: have

text: arms

text: for

text: their

text: defence

text: within

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: Furthermore

text: the

text: Bill

text: of

text: Rights

text: described

text: and

text: condemned

text: several

text: misdeeds

text: of

text: James

text: II

text: of

text: England

text: Dunfermline is a town and former Royal Burgh, and parish, in Fife, Scotland, on high ground from the northern shore of the Firth of Forth. The 2011 census recorded the town's population at 49,706, however figures released in 2012 estimate Dunfermline's population as 50,380, making it the largest locality in Fife and the tenth largest in Scotland.

text: Dunfermline

text: is

text: town

text: and

text: former

text: Royal

text: Burgh

text: and

text: parish

text: in

text: Fife

text: Scotland

text: on

text: high

text: ground

text: from

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Firth

text: of

text: Forth

text: The

text: census

text: recorded

text: the

text: town

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: however

text: figures

text: released

text: in

text: estimate

text: Dunfermline

text: 's

text: population

text: as

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: locality

text: in

text: Fife

text: and

text: the

text: tenth

text: largest

text: in

text: Scotland

text: Dunfermline (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phàrlain) is a former burgh and current town in Fife, Scotland. The town grew under the influence of Queen Margaret to be an important ecclesiastical burgh (a town with special privileges). Until the 17th century, the town was the royal capital of Scotland. The union of the Scottish and English crowns in 1603 saw the end of the town's special status, which led to decline.

text: Dunfermline

text: Scottish

text: Gaelic

text: Dùn

text: Phàrlain

text: is

text: former

text: burgh

text: and

text: current

text: town

text: in

text: Fife

text: Scotland

text: The

text: town

text: grew

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: Queen

text: Margaret

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: important

text: ecclesiastical

text: burgh

text: town

text: with

text: special

text: privileges

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: town

text: was

text: the

text: royal

text: capital

text: of

text: Scotland

text: The

text: union

text: of

text: the

text: Scottish

text: and

text: English

text: crowns

text: in

text: saw

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: 's

text: special

text: status

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: decline

text: Oakley is a village in Fife, Scotland located at the mutual border of Carnock and Culross parishes, Fife, 5.4 miles (8.69km) west of Dunfermline on the A907.

text: Oakley

text: is

text: village

text: in

text: Fife

text: Scotland

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: mutual

text: border

text: of

text: Carnock

text: and

text: Culross

text: parishes

text: Fife

text: miles

text: km

text: west

text: of

text: Dunfermline

text: on

text: the

text: England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.

text: England

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Scotland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: northwest

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: England

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: continental

text: Europe

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: country

text: covers

text: five

text: eighths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: which

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: its

text: centre

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: includes

text: over

text: smaller

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: and

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: Fife is a council area and historic county of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries to Perth and Kinross and Clackmannanshire. By custom it is widely held to have been one of the major Pictish kingdoms, known as "Fib", and is still commonly known as the Kingdom of Fife within Scotland.

text: Fife

text: is

text: council

text: area

text: and

text: historic

text: county

text: of

text: Scotland

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Firth

text: of

text: Tay

text: and

text: the

text: Firth

text: of

text: Forth

text: with

text: inland

text: boundaries

text: to

text: Perth

text: and

text: Kinross

text: and

text: Clackmannanshire

text: By

text: custom

text: it

text: is

text: widely

text: held

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: Pictish

text: kingdoms

text: known

text: as

text: Fib

text: and

text: is

text: still

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Fife

text: within

text: Scotland

annotations: follows single

question: educated_at john erskine

answer: university of edinburgh

text: university of edinburgh

text: university of edinburgh


text: Cheongju is the capital and largest city of North Chungcheong Province in South Korea.

text: Cheongju

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: North

text: Chungcheong

text: Province

text: in

text: South

text: Korea

text: Jeon Ki - young (  , born July 11 , 1973 in Cheongju , Chungcheongbuk - do ) is a retired judoka who competed in the -78 kg and -86 kg divisions . Jeon has won three consecutive world championships ( 1993 , 1995 , 1997 ) , twice beating the Hidehiko Yoshida in dramatic fashion in the finals . He has also won six world cup titles . The crowning moment in Jeon 's judo career came in winning the gold medal in the men 's middleweight division at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta , U.S. He defeated Armen Bagdasarov of Uzbekistan in the final match by ippon . In his march to the gold , Jeon won every match by ippon , except the 1st round match against the Dutch judoka Mark Huizinga , who would go on to dominate the weight once Jeon himself retired . Jeon retired from competition at a relatively young age of 25 in 1999 , citing both knee injuries and an absence of motivation due to lack of competition . He retired undefeated in both Olympic and world championship competition . In 2003 , PRIDE FC and Antonio Inoki tried to sign Jeon to fight Yoshida under MMA rules ( using the fact that Jeon have never lost against Yoshida in judo ) but Jeon refused offers .

text: Jeon

text: Ki

text: young

text: born

text: July

text: in

text: Cheongju

text: Chungcheongbuk

text: do

text: is

text: retired

text: judoka

text: who

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: kg

text: and

text: kg

text: divisions

text: Jeon

text: has

text: won

text: three

text: consecutive

text: world

text: championships

text: twice

text: beating

text: the

text: Hidehiko

text: Yoshida

text: in

text: dramatic

text: fashion

text: in

text: the

text: finals

text: He

text: has

text: also

text: won

text: six

text: world

text: cup

text: titles

text: The

text: crowning

text: moment

text: in

text: Jeon

text: 's

text: judo

text: career

text: came

text: in

text: winning

text: the

text: gold

text: medal

text: in

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: middleweight

text: division

text: at

text: the

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Atlanta

text: U.S.

text: He

text: defeated

text: Armen

text: Bagdasarov

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: match

text: by

text: ippon

text: In

text: his

text: march

text: to

text: the

text: gold

text: Jeon

text: won

text: every

text: match

text: by

text: ippon

text: except

text: the

text: round

text: match

text: against

text: the

text: Dutch

text: judoka

text: Mark

text: Huizinga

text: who

text: would

text: go

text: on

text: to

text: dominate

text: the

text: weight

text: once

text: Jeon

text: himself

text: retired

text: Jeon

text: retired

text: from

text: competition

text: at

text: relatively

text: young

text: age

text: of

text: in

text: citing

text: both

text: knee

text: injuries

text: and

text: an

text: absence

text: of

text: motivation

text: due

text: to

text: lack

text: of

text: competition

text: He

text: retired

text: undefeated

text: in

text: both

text: Olympic

text: and

text: world

text: championship

text: competition

text: In

text: PRIDE

text: FC

text: and

text: Antonio

text: Inoki

text: tried

text: to

text: sign

text: Jeon

text: to

text: fight

text: Yoshida

text: under

text: MMA

text: rules

text: using

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: Jeon

text: have

text: never

text: lost

text: against

text: Yoshida

text: in

text: judo

text: but

text: Jeon

text: refused

text: offers

text: South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a sovereign state in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.

text: South

text: Korea

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Korea

text: ROK

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: constituting

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: Peninsula

text: North Chungcheong Province, or Chungcheongbuk-do, is a province in the centre of South Korea. It was formed in 1896 from the northeastern half of the former Chungcheong province. The provincial capital is Cheongju.

text: North

text: Chungcheong

text: Province

text: or

text: Chungcheongbuk

text: do

text: is

text: province

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: South

text: Korea

text: It

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: from

text: the

text: northeastern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Chungcheong

text: province

text: The

text: provincial

text: capital

text: is

text: Cheongju

annotations: follows multiple

question: country_of_citizenship jeon ki-young

answer: south korea

text: south korea

text: south korea

text: south korea


text: Washington , D. C. by Gore Vidal is the sixth in his Narratives of Empire series of historical novels ( although the first one published , in 1967 ) . It begins in 1937 and continues into the Cold War , tracing the families of Senator James Burden Day and influential newspaper publisher Blaise Sanford . This book is the least historical and most novelistic of any of the seven books . The Golden Age , the seventh book in the series , takes place during nearly the same span of years with many of the same characters , and needed to be written around the events of Washington D.C. The novel is written in the third person and is inspired by the novels of Henry James .

text: Washington

text: by

text: Gore

text: Vidal

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: in

text: his

text: Narratives

text: of

text: Empire

text: series

text: of

text: historical

text: novels

text: although

text: the

text: first

text: one

text: published

text: in

text: It

text: begins

text: in

text: and

text: continues

text: into

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: tracing

text: the

text: families

text: of

text: Senator

text: James

text: Burden

text: Day

text: and

text: influential

text: newspaper

text: publisher

text: Blaise

text: Sanford

text: This

text: book

text: is

text: the

text: least

text: historical

text: and

text: most

text: novelistic

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: books

text: The

text: Golden

text: Age

text: the

text: seventh

text: book

text: in

text: the

text: series

text: takes

text: place

text: during

text: nearly

text: the

text: same

text: span

text: of

text: years

text: with

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: characters

text: and

text: needed

text: to

text: be

text: written

text: around

text: the

text: events

text: of

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: The

text: novel

text: is

text: written

text: in

text: the

text: third

text: person

text: and

text: is

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: novels

text: of

text: Henry

text: James

text: The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR " ) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. A union of multiple subnational republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The Soviet Union was a one-party federation, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital.

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: officially

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: USSR

text: was

text: socialist

text: state

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: union

text: of

text: multiple

text: subnational

text: republics

text: its

text: government

text: and

text: economy

text: were

text: highly

text: centralized

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: was

text: one

text: party

text: federation

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: with

text: Moscow

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: Gore Vidal (born Eugene Louis Vidal; October 3, 1925  July 31, 2012) was an American writer (of novels, essays, screenplays, and stage plays) and a public intellectual known for his patrician manner, epigrammatic wit, and polished style of writing.

text: Gore

text: Vidal

text: born

text: Eugene

text: Louis

text: Vidal

text: October

text: July

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: writer

text: of

text: novels

text: essays

text: screenplays

text: and

text: stage

text: plays

text: and

text: public

text: intellectual

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: patrician

text: manner

text: epigrammatic

text: wit

text: and

text: polished

text: style

text: of

text: writing

text: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO  '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states: the United States, France and the United Kingdom. NATO's headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, where the Supreme Allied Commander also resides. Belgium is one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programmes. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total. Members' defence spending is supposed to amount to 2% of GDP.

text: The

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: Organization

text: NATO

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Alliance

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: military

text: alliance

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: which

text: was

text: signed

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: organization

text: constitutes

text: system

text: of

text: collective

text: defence

text: whereby

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: agree

text: to

text: mutual

text: defence

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: an

text: attack

text: by

text: any

text: external

text: party

text: Three

text: NATO

text: members

text: are

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: veto

text: and

text: are

text: officially

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: states

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: NATO

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Haren

text: Brussels

text: Belgium

text: where

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Allied

text: Commander

text: also

text: resides

text: Belgium

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: across

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: the

text: newest

text: of

text: which

text: Albania

text: and

text: Croatia

text: joined

text: in

text: April

text: An

text: additional

text: countries

text: participate

text: in

text: NATO

text: 's

text: Partnership

text: for

text: Peace

text: program

text: with

text: other

text: countries

text: involved

text: in

text: institutionalized

text: dialogue

text: programmes

text: The

text: combined

text: military

text: spending

text: of

text: all

text: NATO

text: members

text: constitutes

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: total

text: Members

text: defence

text: spending

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: amount

text: to

text: of

text: GDP

text: The Western Bloc or Capitalist Bloc during the Cold War refers to the countries allied with the NATO against the Soviet Union and its allies. The latter were referred to as the "Eastern Bloc", a more common term in English than "Western Bloc". The governments and press of the Western Bloc were more inclined to refer to themselves as the "Free World" or the "Western world". "Western Europe" is a controversial term used to refer to democratic countries in Europe during the Cold War, but the concept is sometimes still used for quick reference by the media.

text: The

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: or

text: Capitalist

text: Bloc

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: countries

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: NATO

text: against

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: its

text: allies

text: The

text: latter

text: were

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: more

text: common

text: term

text: in

text: English

text: than

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: The

text: governments

text: and

text: press

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: were

text: more

text: inclined

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: themselves

text: as

text: the

text: Free

text: World

text: or

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: Western

text: Europe

text: is

text: controversial

text: term

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: democratic

text: countries

text: in

text: Europe

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: but

text: the

text: concept

text: is

text: sometimes

text: still

text: used

text: for

text: quick

text: reference

text: by

text: the

text: media

text: The term satellite state designates a country that is formally independent in the world, but under heavy political, economic and military influence or control from another country. The term was coined by analogy to planetary objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War or to Mongolia between 1924 and 1990, for example. As used for Central and Eastern European countries it implies that the countries in question were "satellites" under the hegemony of the Soviet Union. In some contexts it also refers to other countries in the Soviet sphere of influence during the Cold Warsuch as North Korea (especially in the years surrounding the Korean War of 19501953) and Cuba (particularly after it joined the Comecon in 1972). In Western usage, the term has seldom been applied to states other than those in the Soviet orbit. In Soviet usage, the term applied to the states in the orbit of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

text: The

text: term

text: satellite

text: state

text: designates

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: formally

text: independent

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: but

text: under

text: heavy

text: political

text: economic

text: and

text: military

text: influence

text: or

text: control

text: from

text: another

text: country

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: analogy

text: to

text: planetary

text: objects

text: orbiting

text: larger

text: object

text: such

text: as

text: smaller

text: moons

text: revolving

text: around

text: larger

text: planets

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: mainly

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: European

text: countries

text: of

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: or

text: to

text: Mongolia

text: between

text: and

text: for

text: example

text: As

text: used

text: for

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: European

text: countries

text: it

text: implies

text: that

text: the

text: countries

text: in

text: question

text: were

text: satellites

text: under

text: the

text: hegemony

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: In

text: some

text: contexts

text: it

text: also

text: refers

text: to

text: other

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: sphere

text: of

text: influence

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: Warsuch

text: as

text: North

text: Korea

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: surrounding

text: the

text: Korean

text: War

text: of

text: and

text: Cuba

text: particularly

text: after

text: it

text: joined

text: the

text: Comecon

text: in

text: In

text: Western

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: seldom

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: states

text: other

text: than

text: those

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: orbit

text: In

text: Soviet

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: orbit

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: and

text: Fascist

text: Italy

text: World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history.

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: WWII

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: was

text: global

text: war

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: to

text: although

text: related

text: conflicts

text: began

text: earlier

text: It

text: involved

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: nationsincluding

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: powerseventually

text: forming

text: two

text: opposing

text: military

text: alliances

text: the

text: Allies

text: and

text: the

text: Axis

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: widespread

text: war

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: directly

text: involved

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: from

text: over

text: countries

text: In

text: state

text: of

text: total

text: war

text: the

text: major

text: participants

text: threw

text: their

text: entire

text: economic

text: industrial

text: and

text: scientific

text: capabilities

text: behind

text: the

text: war

text: effort

text: erasing

text: the

text: distinction

text: between

text: civilian

text: and

text: military

text: resources

text: Marked

text: by

text: mass

text: deaths

text: of

text: civilians

text: including

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: the

text: strategic

text: bombing

text: of

text: industrial

text: and

text: population

text: centres

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: one

text: million

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: atomic

text: bombings

text: of

text: Hiroshima

text: and

text: Nagasaki

text: it

text: resulted

text: in

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: fatalities

text: These

text: made

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: deadliest

text: conflict

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: A screenplay or script is a written work by screenwriters for a film, video game, or television program. These screenplays can be original works or adaptations from existing pieces of writing. In them, the movement, actions, expression, and dialogues of the characters are also narrated. A screenplay written for television is also known as a teleplay.

text: screenplay

text: or

text: script

text: is

text: written

text: work

text: by

text: screenwriters

text: for

text: film

text: video

text: game

text: or

text: television

text: program

text: These

text: screenplays

text: can

text: be

text: original

text: works

text: or

text: adaptations

text: from

text: existing

text: pieces

text: of

text: writing

text: In

text: them

text: the

text: movement

text: actions

text: expression

text: and

text: dialogues

text: of

text: the

text: characters

text: are

text: also

text: narrated

text: screenplay

text: written

text: for

text: television

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: teleplay

text: The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period (the second half of the 20th century) between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine (a U.S. policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism) was announced, and 1991, the year the Soviet Union collapsed.

text: The

text: Cold

text: War

text: was

text: state

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: military

text: tension

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: between

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: its

text: satellite

text: states

text: and

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: its

text: NATO

text: allies

text: and

text: others

text: Historians

text: do

text: not

text: fully

text: agree

text: on

text: the

text: dates

text: but

text: common

text: timeframe

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: between

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: U.S.

text: policy

text: pledging

text: to

text: aid

text: nations

text: threatened

text: by

text: Soviet

text: expansionism

text: was

text: announced

text: and

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: collapsed

text:
The Truman Doctrine was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical spread during the Cold War. It was first announced to Congress by President Harry S. Truman on March 12, 1947 and further developed on July 12, 1948 when he pledged to contain Soviet threats to Greece and Turkey. American military force was usually not involved, but Congress appropriated free gifts of financial aid to support the economies and the military of Greece and Turkey. More generally, the Truman doctrine implied American support for other nations threatened by Soviet communism. The Truman Doctrine became the foundation of American foreign policy, and led, in 1949, to the formation of NATO, a military alliance that is still in effect. Historians often use Truman's speech to date the start of the Cold War.
Truman told Congress that "it must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." Truman reasoned that because the totalitarian regimes coerced free peoples, they represented a threat to international peace and the national security of the United States. Truman made the plea amid the crisis of the Greek Civil War (194649). He argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid that they urgently needed, they would inevitably fall to communism with grave consequences throughout the region. Because Turkey and Greece were historic rivals, it was necessary to help both equally even though the threat to Greece was more immediate. Historian Eric Foner argues the Truman Doctrine "set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world, no matter how undemocratic, and for the creation of a set of global military alliances directed against the Soviet Union."

text: The

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: foreign

text: policy

text: created

text: to

text: counter

text: Soviet

text: geopolitical

text: spread

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: announced

text: to

text: Congress

text: by

text: President

text: Harry

text: Truman

text: on

text: March

text: and

text: further

text: developed

text: on

text: July

text: when

text: he

text: pledged

text: to

text: contain

text: Soviet

text: threats

text: to

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: American

text: military

text: force

text: was

text: usually

text: not

text: involved

text: but

text: Congress

text: appropriated

text: free

text: gifts

text: of

text: financial

text: aid

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: economies

text: and

text: the

text: military

text: of

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: More

text: generally

text: the

text: Truman

text: doctrine

text: implied

text: American

text: support

text: for

text: other

text: nations

text: threatened

text: by

text: Soviet

text: communism

text: The

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: became

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: American

text: foreign

text: policy

text: and

text: led

text: in

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: NATO

text: military

text: alliance

text: that

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: effect

text: Historians

text: often

text: use

text: Truman

text: 's

text: speech

text: to

text: date

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: Truman

text: told

text: Congress

text: that

text: it

text: must

text: be

text: the

text: policy

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: to

text: support

text: free

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: resisting

text: attempted

text: subjugation

text: by

text: armed

text: minorities

text: or

text: by

text: outside

text: pressures

text: Truman

text: reasoned

text: that

text: because

text: the

text: totalitarian

text: regimes

text: coerced

text: free

text: peoples

text: they

text: represented

text: threat

text: to

text: international

text: peace

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: security

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Truman

text: made

text: the

text: plea

text: amid

text: the

text: crisis

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: Civil

text: War

text: He

text: argued

text: that

text: if

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: did

text: not

text: receive

text: the

text: aid

text: that

text: they

text: urgently

text: needed

text: they

text: would

text: inevitably

text: fall

text: to

text: communism

text: with

text: grave

text: consequences

text: throughout

text: the

text: region

text: Because

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Greece

text: were

text: historic

text: rivals

text: it

text: was

text: necessary

text: to

text: help

text: both

text: equally

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: threat

text: to

text: Greece

text: was

text: more

text: immediate

text: Historian

text: Eric

text: Foner

text: argues

text: the

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: set

text: precedent

text: for

text: American

text: assistance

text: to

text: anticommunist

text: regimes

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: no

text: matter

text: how

text: undemocratic

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: set

text: of

text: global

text: military

text: alliances

text: directed

text: against

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: The Narratives of Empire series is a heptalogy of historical novels, by Gore Vidal, published between 1967 and 2000, which chronicle the dawn-to-decadence history of the American Empire; the narratives interweave the personal stories of two families with the personages and events of U.S. history. Despite the publisher's preference for the politically neutral series-title American Chronicles, the author Vidal preferred the series-title Narratives of Empire. The seven narratives of empire can be read in either historical or publication order without losing narrative intelligibility.

text: The

text: Narratives

text: of

text: Empire

text: series

text: is

text: heptalogy

text: of

text: historical

text: novels

text: by

text: Gore

text: Vidal

text: published

text: between

text: and

text: which

text: chronicle

text: the

text: dawn

text: to

text: decadence

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Empire

text: the

text: narratives

text: interweave

text: the

text: personal

text: stories

text: of

text: two

text: families

text: with

text: the

text: personages

text: and

text: events

text: of

text: U.S.

text: history

text: Despite

text: the

text: publisher

text: 's

text: preference

text: for

text: the

text: politically

text: neutral

text: series

text: title

text: American

text: Chronicles

text: the

text: author

text: Vidal

text: preferred

text: the

text: series

text: title

text: Narratives

text: of

text: Empire

text: The

text: seven

text: narratives

text: of

text: empire

text: can

text: be

text: read

text: in

text: either

text: historical

text: or

text: publication

text: order

text: without

text: losing

text: narrative

text: intelligibility

question: genre washington

answer: history

text: history

text: history

text: history

text: history


text: The Danube School or Donau School (German: "Donauschule" or "Donaustil") was a circle of painters of the first third of the 16th century in Bavaria and Austria (mainly along the Danube valley). Many also were innovative printmakers, usually in etching. They were among the first painters to regularly use pure landscape painting, and their figures, influenced by Matthias Grünewald, are often highly expressive, if not expressionist. They show little Italian influence, and also represent a decisive break with the high finish of Northern Renaissance painting, using a more painterly style that was in many ways ahead of its time.

text: The

text: Danube

text: School

text: or

text: Donau

text: School

text: German

text: Donauschule

text: or

text: Donaustil

text: was

text: circle

text: of

text: painters

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: in

text: Bavaria

text: and

text: Austria

text: mainly

text: along

text: the

text: Danube

text: valley

text: Many

text: also

text: were

text: innovative

text: printmakers

text: usually

text: in

text: etching

text: They

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: painters

text: to

text: regularly

text: use

text: pure

text: landscape

text: painting

text: and

text: their

text: figures

text: influenced

text: by

text: Matthias

text: Grünewald

text: are

text: often

text: highly

text: expressive

text: if

text: not

text: expressionist

text: They

text: show

text: little

text: Italian

text: influence

text: and

text: also

text: represent

text: decisive

text: break

text: with

text: the

text: high

text: finish

text: of

text: Northern

text: Renaissance

text: painting

text: using

text: more

text: painterly

text: style

text: that

text: was

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: ahead

text: of

text: its

text: time

text: The Northern Renaissance was the Renaissance that occurred in Europe north of the Alps. Before 1497, Italian Renaissance humanism had little influence outside Italy. From the late 15th century, its ideas spread around Europe. This influenced the German Renaissance, French Renaissance, English Renaissance, Renaissance in the Low Countries, Polish Renaissance and other national and localized movements, each with different characteristics and strengths.

text: The

text: Northern

text: Renaissance

text: was

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: that

text: occurred

text: in

text: Europe

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: Before

text: Italian

text: Renaissance

text: humanism

text: had

text: little

text: influence

text: outside

text: Italy

text: From

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: its

text: ideas

text: spread

text: around

text: Europe

text: This

text: influenced

text: the

text: German

text: Renaissance

text: French

text: Renaissance

text: English

text: Renaissance

text: Renaissance

text: in

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: Polish

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: other

text: national

text: and

text: localized

text: movements

text: each

text: with

text: different

text: characteristics

text: and

text: strengths

text: Matthias Grünewald (  31 August 1528) was a German Renaissance painter of religious works who ignored Renaissance classicism to continue the style of late medieval Central European art into the 16th century. His first name is also given as Mathis and his surname as Gothart or Neithardt. Only ten paintingsseveral consisting of many panelsand thirty-five drawings survive, all religious, although many others were lost at sea in the Baltic on their way to Sweden as war booty. His reputation was obscured until the late nineteenth century, and many of his paintings were attributed to Albrecht Dürer, who is now seen as his stylistic antithesis. His largest and most famous work is the Isenheim Altarpiece created 1506 to 1515 or perhaps 1512 to 1516.

text: Matthias

text: Grünewald

text: August

text: was

text: German

text: Renaissance

text: painter

text: of

text: religious

text: works

text: who

text: ignored

text: Renaissance

text: classicism

text: to

text: continue

text: the

text: style

text: of

text: late

text: medieval

text: Central

text: European

text: art

text: into

text: the

text: century

text: His

text: first

text: name

text: is

text: also

text: given

text: as

text: Mathis

text: and

text: his

text: surname

text: as

text: Gothart

text: or

text: Neithardt

text: Only

text: ten

text: paintingsseveral

text: consisting

text: of

text: many

text: panelsand

text: thirty

text: five

text: drawings

text: survive

text: all

text: religious

text: although

text: many

text: others

text: were

text: lost

text: at

text: sea

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: on

text: their

text: way

text: to

text: Sweden

text: as

text: war

text: booty

text: His

text: reputation

text: was

text: obscured

text: until

text: the

text: late

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: his

text: paintings

text: were

text: attributed

text: to

text: Albrecht

text: Dürer

text: who

text: is

text: now

text: seen

text: as

text: his

text: stylistic

text: antithesis

text: His

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: famous

text: work

text: is

text: the

text: Isenheim

text: Altarpiece

text: created

text: to

text: or

text: perhaps

text: to

text: Augustin Hirschvogel ( 1503 -- February 1553 ) was a German artist , mathematician , and cartographer known primarily for his etchings . His thirty - five small landscape etchings , made between 1545 and 1549 , assured him a place in the Danube School , a circle of artists in sixteenth - century Bavaria and Austria .

text: Augustin

text: Hirschvogel

text: February

text: was

text: German

text: artist

text: mathematician

text: and

text: cartographer

text: known

text: primarily

text: for

text: his

text: etchings

text: His

text: thirty

text: five

text: small

text: landscape

text: etchings

text: made

text: between

text: and

text: assured

text: him

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: Danube

text: School

text: circle

text: of

text: artists

text: in

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: Bavaria

text: and

text: Austria

annotations: likely multiple

question: movement augustin hirschvogel

answer: german renaissance

text: german renaissance

text: german renaissance