text: History (from Greek , "historia", meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring before written record are considered prehistory. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Scholars who write about history are called historians.

text: History

text: from

text: Greek

text: historia

text: meaning

text: inquiry

text: knowledge

text: acquired

text: by

text: investigation

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: past

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: described

text: in

text: written

text: documents

text: Events

text: occurring

text: before

text: written

text: record

text: are

text: considered

text: prehistory

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: umbrella

text: term

text: that

text: relates

text: to

text: past

text: events

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: memory

text: discovery

text: collection

text: organization

text: presentation

text: and

text: interpretation

text: of

text: information

text: about

text: these

text: events

text: Scholars

text: who

text: write

text: about

text: history

text: are

text: called

text: historians

text: Area studies are interdisciplinary fields of research and scholarship pertaining to particular geographical, national/federal, or cultural regions. The term exists primarily as a general description for what are, in the practice of scholarship, many heterogeneous fields of research, encompassing both the social sciences and the humanities. Typical area study programs involve history, political science, sociology, cultural studies, languages, geography, literature, and related disciplines. In contrast to cultural studies, area studies often include diaspora and emigration from the area.

text: Area

text: studies

text: are

text: interdisciplinary

text: fields

text: of

text: research

text: and

text: scholarship

text: pertaining

text: to

text: particular

text: geographical

text: national

text: federal

text: or

text: cultural

text: regions

text: The

text: term

text: exists

text: primarily

text: as

text: general

text: description

text: for

text: what

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: scholarship

text: many

text: heterogeneous

text: fields

text: of

text: research

text: encompassing

text: both

text: the

text: social

text: sciences

text: and

text: the

text: humanities

text: Typical

text: area

text: study

text: programs

text: involve

text: history

text: political

text: science

text: sociology

text: cultural

text: studies

text: languages

text: geography

text: literature

text: and

text: related

text: disciplines

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: cultural

text: studies

text: area

text: studies

text: often

text: include

text: diaspora

text: and

text: emigration

text: from

text: the

text: area

text: Morocco (', lit. "The West"; '), officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco (', lit. "The Western Kingdom"; '), is a sovereign country located in the Maghreb region of North Africa. Geographically, Morocco is characterized by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert, and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

text: Morocco

text: lit

text: The

text: West

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Morocco

text: lit

text: The

text: Western

text: Kingdom

text: is

text: sovereign

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Maghreb

text: region

text: of

text: North

text: Africa

text: Geographically

text: Morocco

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: rugged

text: mountainous

text: interior

text: large

text: tracts

text: of

text: desert

text: and

text: lengthy

text: coastline

text: along

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text: Earth science or geoscience is a widely embraced term for the fields of science related to the planet Earth. Earth science can be considered to be a branch of planetary science, but with a much older history. There are both reductionist and holistic approaches to Earth sciences. The Earth sciences can include the study of geology, the lithosphere, and the large-scale structure of the Earth's interior, as well as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Typically, Earth scientists use tools from geography, chronology, physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics to build a quantitative understanding of how the Earth system works and evolves.

text: Earth

text: science

text: or

text: geoscience

text: is

text: widely

text: embraced

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: science

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: planet

text: Earth

text: Earth

text: science

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: branch

text: of

text: planetary

text: science

text: but

text: with

text: much

text: older

text: history

text: There

text: are

text: both

text: reductionist

text: and

text: holistic

text: approaches

text: to

text: Earth

text: sciences

text: The

text: Earth

text: sciences

text: can

text: include

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: geology

text: the

text: lithosphere

text: and

text: the

text: large

text: scale

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: interior

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: hydrosphere

text: and

text: biosphere

text: Typically

text: Earth

text: scientists

text: use

text: tools

text: from

text: geography

text: chronology

text: physics

text: chemistry

text: biology

text: and

text: mathematics

text: to

text: build

text: quantitative

text: understanding

text: of

text: how

text: the

text: Earth

text: system

text: works

text: and

text: evolves

text: A historian is a person who researches, studies, and writes about the past, and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is concerned with events preceding written history, the individual is a historian of prehistory. Although "historian" can be used to describe amateur and professional historians alike, it is reserved more recently for those who have acquired graduate degrees in the discipline. Some historians, though, are recognized by publications or training and experience. "Historian" became a professional occupation in the late nineteenth century as research universities were emerging in Germany and elsewhere.

text: historian

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: researches

text: studies

text: and

text: writes

text: about

text: the

text: past

text: and

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: an

text: authority

text: on

text: it

text: Historians

text: are

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: continuous

text: methodical

text: narrative

text: and

text: research

text: of

text: past

text: events

text: as

text: relating

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: race

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: all

text: history

text: in

text: time

text: If

text: the

text: individual

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: events

text: preceding

text: written

text: history

text: the

text: individual

text: is

text: historian

text: of

text: prehistory

text: Although

text: historian

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: amateur

text: and

text: professional

text: historians

text: alike

text: it

text: is

text: reserved

text: more

text: recently

text: for

text: those

text: who

text: have

text: acquired

text: graduate

text: degrees

text: in

text: the

text: discipline

text: Some

text: historians

text: though

text: are

text: recognized

text: by

text: publications

text: or

text: training

text: and

text: experience

text: Historian

text: became

text: professional

text: occupation

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: as

text: research

text: universities

text: were

text: emerging

text: in

text: Germany

text: and

text: elsewhere

text: Geography (from Greek , "geographia", literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth. The first person to use the word "" was Eratosthenes (276194 BC). Geography is an all-encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding of the Earth and its human and natural complexitiesnot merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. It is often defined in terms of the two branches of human geography and physical geography. The four historical traditions in geographical research are: spatial analyses of natural and the human phenomena, area studies of places and regions, studies of human-land relationships, and the Earth sciences. Geography has been called "the world discipline" and "the bridge between the human and the physical sciences".

text: Geography

text: from

text: Greek

text: geographia

text: literally

text: earth

text: description

text: is

text: field

text: of

text: science

text: devoted

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: lands

text: the

text: features

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: phenomena

text: of

text: Earth

text: The

text: first

text: person

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: word

text: was

text: Eratosthenes

text: BC

text: Geography

text: is

text: an

text: all

text: encompassing

text: discipline

text: that

text: seeks

text: an

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: and

text: its

text: human

text: and

text: natural

text: complexitiesnot

text: merely

text: where

text: objects

text: are

text: but

text: how

text: they

text: have

text: changed

text: and

text: come

text: to

text: be

text: It

text: is

text: often

text: defined

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: branches

text: of

text: human

text: geography

text: and

text: physical

text: geography

text: The

text: four

text: historical

text: traditions

text: in

text: geographical

text: research

text: are

text: spatial

text: analyses

text: of

text: natural

text: and

text: the

text: human

text: phenomena

text: area

text: studies

text: of

text: places

text: and

text: regions

text: studies

text: of

text: human

text: land

text: relationships

text: and

text: the

text: Earth

text: sciences

text: Geography

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: world

text: discipline

text: and

text: the

text: bridge

text: between

text: the

text: human

text: and

text: the

text: physical

text: sciences

text: The Canary Islands, also known as the Canaries, are an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain located on the Atlantic Ocean, west of Morocco. The Canaries are among the outermost regions (OMR) of the European Union proper. It is also one of the eight regions with special consideration of historical nationality recognized as such by the Spanish Government.

text: The

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Canaries

text: are

text: an

text: archipelago

text: and

text: autonomous

text: community

text: of

text: Spain

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: west

text: of

text: Morocco

text: The

text: Canaries

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: outermost

text: regions

text: OMR

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: proper

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: eight

text: regions

text: with

text: special

text: consideration

text: of

text: historical

text: nationality

text: recognized

text: as

text: such

text: by

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Government

text:
Human geography is the branch of the social sciences that deals with the study of people and their communities,
cultures, economies and interaction with the environment by noticing their relations with and across space and place. As an intellectual discipline, geography is divided into the sub-fields of physical geography and human geography, the latter concentrating upon the study of human activities, by the application of qualitative and quantitative research methods.

text: Human

text: geography

text: is

text: the

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: sciences

text: that

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: people

text: and

text: their

text: communities

text: cultures

text: economies

text: and

text: interaction

text: with

text: the

text: environment

text: by

text: noticing

text: their

text: relations

text: with

text: and

text: across

text: space

text: and

text: place

text: As

text: an

text: intellectual

text: discipline

text: geography

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: the

text: sub

text: fields

text: of

text: physical

text: geography

text: and

text: human

text: geography

text: the

text: latter

text: concentrating

text: upon

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: human

text: activities

text: by

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: qualitative

text: and

text: quantitative

text: research

text: methods

text: Leoncio Afonso Perez was ( born 12 September 1916 in Breña Alta , Canary Islands ) . His career has been dedicated to the study of the geography , history and toponomics of the Canary Islands .

text: Leoncio

text: Afonso

text: Perez

text: was

text: born

text: September

text: in

text: Breña

text: Alta

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: His

text: career

text: has

text: been

text: dedicated

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: geography

text: history

text: and

text: toponomics

text: of

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: Eratosthenes of Cyrene (;   ) was a Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria. He invented the discipline of geography, including the terminology used today.

text: Eratosthenes

text: of

text: Cyrene

text: was

text: Greek

text: mathematician

text: geographer

text: poet

text: astronomer

text: and

text: music

text: theorist

text: He

text: was

text: man

text: of

text: learning

text: becoming

text: the

text: chief

text: librarian

text: at

text: the

text: Library

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: He

text: invented

text: the

text: discipline

text: of

text: geography

text: including

text: the

text: terminology

text: used

text: today

text: Breña Alta (Spanish for Upper Breña) is a municipality on the eastern side of the island of La Palma, in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, in the Canary Islands. The ayuntamiento (municipal office) is in the town of San Pedro, at 350 m above sea-level, and only 9 km south of the island's capital Santa Cruz de la Palma . Breña Alta lies on the main highway encircling the island, just north of La Palma Airport. Until the 17th century the area was known as Breña, but was then divided into Breña Alta and Breña Baja.

text: Breña

text: Alta

text: Spanish

text: for

text: Upper

text: Breña

text: is

text: municipality

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: La

text: Palma

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: de

text: Tenerife

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: The

text: ayuntamiento

text: municipal

text: office

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: San

text: Pedro

text: at

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: and

text: only

text: km

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: capital

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: de

text: la

text: Palma

text: Breña

text: Alta

text: lies

text: on

text: the

text: main

text: highway

text: encircling

text: the

text: island

text: just

text: north

text: of

text: La

text: Palma

text: Airport

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: area

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Breña

text: but

text: was

text: then

text: divided

text: into

text: Breña

text: Alta

text: and

text: Breña

text: Baja

text: Ayuntamiento is the general term for the council of a municipality, or sometimes the municipality itself, in Spain and Latin America. Historically ""ayuntamiento"" was often preceded by the word "excelentísimo" (English: "most excellent"), when referring to the council. This phrase is often abbreviated ""Exc. Ay.""

text: Ayuntamiento

text: is

text: the

text: general

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: council

text: of

text: municipality

text: or

text: sometimes

text: the

text: municipality

text: itself

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: Latin

text: America

text: Historically

text: ayuntamiento

text: was

text: often

text: preceded

text: by

text: the

text: word

text: excelentísimo

text: English

text: most

text: excellent

text: when

text: referring

text: to

text: the

text: council

text: This

text: phrase

text: is

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: Exc

text: Ay

text: Modern humans ("Homo sapiens", primarily ssp. "Homo sapiens sapiens") are the only extant members of Hominina tribe (or human tribe), a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes. They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; manual dexterity and increased tool use, compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.

text: Modern

text: humans

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: primarily

text: ssp

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: sapiens

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: extant

text: members

text: of

text: Hominina

text: tribe

text: or

text: human

text: tribe

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: tribe

text: Hominini

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: family

text: of

text: great

text: apes

text: They

text: are

text: characterized

text: by

text: erect

text: posture

text: and

text: bipedal

text: locomotion

text: manual

text: dexterity

text: and

text: increased

text: tool

text: use

text: compared

text: to

text: other

text: animals

text: and

text: general

text: trend

text: toward

text: larger

text: more

text: complex

text: brains

text: and

text: societies

text: An umbrella term is a word or phrase that covers a broad interval or set of functions or items that all fall under a single common category. For example, "cryptology" is an umbrella term that encompasses cryptography and cryptanalysis, among other fields. Similarly, an umbrella organization is a central and coordinating body representing a number of smaller, separate bodies.

text: An

text: umbrella

text: term

text: is

text: word

text: or

text: phrase

text: that

text: covers

text: broad

text: interval

text: or

text: set

text: of

text: functions

text: or

text: items

text: that

text: all

text: fall

text: under

text: single

text: common

text: category

text: For

text: example

text: cryptology

text: is

text: an

text: umbrella

text: term

text: that

text: encompasses

text: cryptography

text: and

text: cryptanalysis

text: among

text: other

text: fields

text: Similarly

text: an

text: umbrella

text: organization

text: is

text: central

text: and

text: coordinating

text: body

text: representing

text: number

text: of

text: smaller

text: separate

text: bodies

text: Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

text: Science

text: is

text: systematic

text: enterprise

text: that

text: builds

text: and

text: organizes

text: knowledge

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: testable

text: explanations

text: and

text: predictions

text: about

text: the

text: universe

text: Physical geography (also known as geosystems or physiography) is one of the two major sub-fields of geography. Physical geography is that branch of natural science which deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment like the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere, as opposed to the cultural or built environment, the domain of human geography.

text: Physical

text: geography

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: geosystems

text: or

text: physiography

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: major

text: sub

text: fields

text: of

text: geography

text: Physical

text: geography

text: is

text: that

text: branch

text: of

text: natural

text: science

text: which

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: processes

text: and

text: patterns

text: in

text: the

text: natural

text: environment

text: like

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: hydrosphere

text: biosphere

text: and

text: geosphere

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: cultural

text: or

text: built

text: environment

text: the

text: domain

text: of

text: human

text: geography

text: Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power. In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.

text: Art

text: is

text: diverse

text: range

text: of

text: human

text: activities

text: in

text: creating

text: visual

text: auditory

text: or

text: performing

text: artifacts

text: artworks

text: expressing

text: the

text: author

text: 's

text: imaginative

text: or

text: technical

text: skill

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: appreciated

text: for

text: their

text: beauty

text: or

text: emotional

text: power

text: In

text: their

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: these

text: activities

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: dissemination

text: of

text: art

text: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.

text: Spain

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Spain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: largely

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Europe

text: with

text: two

text: large

text: archipelagos

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: off

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: two

text: cities

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: mainland

text: and

text: several

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Alboran

text: Sea

text: near

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: coast

text: Its

text: mainland

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: except

text: for

text: small

text: land

text: boundary

text: with

text: Gibraltar

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: by

text: France

text: Andorra

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: by

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: European

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: border

text: with

text: an

text: African

text: country

text: Morocco

text: and

text: its

text: African

text: territory

text: accounts

text: for

text: nearly

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

question: occupation leoncio afonso

answer: geographer

text: geographer


text: Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s, Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s, ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan's third most-valuable company with a market value of over $85 billion. From 1992 until 2016, Nintendo was also the majority shareholder of Major League Baseball's Seattle Mariners.

text: Abandoning

text: previous

text: ventures

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: toys

text: in

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: then

text: developed

text: into

text: video

text: game

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: ultimately

text: becoming

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: in

text: the

text: industry

text: and

text: Japan

text: 's

text: third

text: most

text: valuable

text: company

text: with

text: market

text: value

text: of

text: over

text: billion

text: From

text: until

text: Nintendo

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: majority

text: shareholder

text: of

text: Major

text: League

text: Baseball

text: 's

text: Seattle

text: Mariners

text: Japan ("Nippon" or "Nihon" ; formally "" or "Nihon-koku", means "State of Japan") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest.

text: Japan

text: Nippon

text: or

text: Nihon

text: formally

text: or

text: Nihon

text: koku

text: means

text: State

text: of

text: Japan

text: is

text: sovereign

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Asia

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: lying

text: off

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Asia

text: Mainland

text: east

text: of

text: China

text: Korea

text: Russia

text: and

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Okhotsk

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: East

text: China

text: Sea

text: and

text: near

text: Taiwan

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: NHL Hitz is a series of ice hockey video games published by Midway Games, for the PlayStation 2 (PS2), Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube. The series is known and popular for its unique gameplay style: it focuses on fast-paced hockey with an arcade feeling to deliver entertaining hockey to gamers, but features neither injuries nor penalty shots. As the name suggests, the series has a lot of hard hitting which is more often appealing to casual hockey fans than hardcore ones. The first two games, "NHL Hitz 20-02" and "NHL Hitz 20-03", feature 3-on-3 (3 skaters, 1 goaltender) hockey. "NHL Hitz Pro", however, goes a step further, featuring 5-on-5 hockey. The "NHL Hitz" series has, apart from the National Hockey League (NHL) license, also the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) license, allowing the series to use the national teams' official jerseys.

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: ice

text: hockey

text: video

text: games

text: published

text: by

text: Midway

text: Games

text: for

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Xbox

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: GameCube

text: The

text: series

text: is

text: known

text: and

text: popular

text: for

text: its

text: unique

text: gameplay

text: style

text: it

text: focuses

text: on

text: fast

text: paced

text: hockey

text: with

text: an

text: arcade

text: feeling

text: to

text: deliver

text: entertaining

text: hockey

text: to

text: gamers

text: but

text: features

text: neither

text: injuries

text: nor

text: penalty

text: shots

text: As

text: the

text: name

text: suggests

text: the

text: series

text: has

text: lot

text: of

text: hard

text: hitting

text: which

text: is

text: more

text: often

text: appealing

text: to

text: casual

text: hockey

text: fans

text: than

text: hardcore

text: ones

text: The

text: first

text: two

text: games

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: and

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: feature

text: skaters

text: goaltender

text: hockey

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: Pro

text: however

text: goes

text: step

text: further

text: featuring

text: hockey

text: The

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: series

text: has

text: apart

text: from

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: license

text: also

text: the

text: International

text: Ice

text: Hockey

text: Federation

text: IIHF

text: license

text: allowing

text: the

text: series

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: national

text: teams

text: official

text: jerseys

text: NBA Jam is a basketball arcade game published and developed by Midway in 1993. It is the first entry in the "NBA Jam" series. The main designer and programmer for this game was Mark Turmell. Midway had previously released such sports games as "Arch Rivals" in 1989, "High Impact" in 1990, and "Super High Impact" in 1991. The gameplay of "NBA Jam" is based on "Arch Rivals", another 2-on-2 basketball video game. However, it was the release of "NBA Jam" that brought mainstream success to the genre.

text: NBA

text: Jam

text: is

text: basketball

text: arcade

text: game

text: published

text: and

text: developed

text: by

text: Midway

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: entry

text: in

text: the

text: NBA

text: Jam

text: series

text: The

text: main

text: designer

text: and

text: programmer

text: for

text: this

text: game

text: was

text: Mark

text: Turmell

text: Midway

text: had

text: previously

text: released

text: such

text: sports

text: games

text: as

text: Arch

text: Rivals

text: in

text: High

text: Impact

text: in

text: and

text: Super

text: High

text: Impact

text: in

text: The

text: gameplay

text: of

text: NBA

text: Jam

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: Arch

text: Rivals

text: another

text: basketball

text: video

text: game

text: However

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: NBA

text: Jam

text: that

text: brought

text: mainstream

text: success

text: to

text: the

text: genre

text:
Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers responsible for its games. As of 2014, Electronic Arts was the world's fourth-largest gaming company by revenue after Tencent, Sony and Microsoft
The company sparked controversies over its advertising efforts, and acquisition of other studios.

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: Inc.

text: EA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: video

text: game

text: company

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Redwood

text: City

text: California

text: Founded

text: and

text: incorporated

text: on

text: May

text: by

text: Trip

text: Hawkins

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: pioneer

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: home

text: computer

text: games

text: industry

text: and

text: was

text: notable

text: for

text: promoting

text: the

text: designers

text: and

text: programmers

text: responsible

text: for

text: its

text: games

text: As

text: of

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: gaming

text: company

text: by

text: revenue

text: after

text: Tencent

text: Sony

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: The

text: company

text: sparked

text: controversies

text: over

text: its

text: advertising

text: efforts

text: and

text: acquisition

text: of

text: other

text: studios

text: The or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. The device went on sale in North America on November 21, 2004. The DS, short for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen", introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one featuring a touchscreen), a built-in microphone, and support for wireless connectivity. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-closed Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable as part of the seventh generation era.

text: The

text: or

text: simply

text: DS

text: is

text: dual

text: screen

text: handheld

text: game

text: console

text: developed

text: and

text: released

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: The

text: device

text: went

text: on

text: sale

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: November

text: The

text: DS

text: short

text: for

text: Developers

text: System

text: or

text: Dual

text: Screen

text: introduced

text: distinctive

text: new

text: features

text: to

text: handheld

text: gaming

text: two

text: LCD

text: screens

text: working

text: in

text: tandem

text: the

text: bottom

text: one

text: featuring

text: touchscreen

text: built

text: in

text: microphone

text: and

text: support

text: for

text: wireless

text: connectivity

text: Both

text: screens

text: are

text: encompassed

text: within

text: clamshell

text: design

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: SP

text: The

text: Nintendo

text: DS

text: also

text: features

text: the

text: ability

text: for

text: multiple

text: DS

text: consoles

text: to

text: directly

text: interact

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: over

text: Wi

text: Fi

text: within

text: short

text: range

text: without

text: the

text: need

text: to

text: connect

text: to

text: an

text: existing

text: wireless

text: network

text: Alternatively

text: they

text: could

text: interact

text: online

text: using

text: the

text: now

text: closed

text: Nintendo

text: Wi

text: Fi

text: Connection

text: service

text: Its

text: main

text: competitor

text: was

text: Sony

text: 's

text: PlayStation

text: Portable

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: seventh

text: generation

text: era

text: The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF; French: ) is a worldwide governing body for ice hockey and in-line hockey. It is based in Zurich, Switzerland, and has 74 members. It manages international ice hockey tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking.

text: The

text: International

text: Ice

text: Hockey

text: Federation

text: IIHF

text: French

text: is

text: worldwide

text: governing

text: body

text: for

text: ice

text: hockey

text: and

text: in

text: line

text: hockey

text: It

text: is

text: based

text: in

text: Zurich

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: has

text: members

text: It

text: manages

text: international

text: ice

text: hockey

text: tournaments

text: and

text: maintains

text: the

text: IIHF

text: World

text: Ranking

text: In the history of video games, the sixth-generation era (sometimes referred to as the 128-bit era; see "Bits and system power" below) refers to the computer and video games, video game consoles, and video game handhelds available at the turn of the 21st century which was from 1998 to 2008. Platforms of the sixth generation include the Sega Dreamcast, Sony PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Microsoft Xbox. This era began on November 27, 1998 with the Japanese release of the Dreamcast, and it was joined by the PlayStation 2 in March 2000 and the GameCube and Xbox in 2001. The Dreamcast was discontinued in 2001, the GameCube in 2007, Xbox in 2009 and PlayStation 2 in 2013. Though the seventh generation of consoles started in November 2005 with the launch of the Xbox 360, the sixth generation did not end until January 2013, when Sony announced that the PlayStation 2 had been discontinued worldwide.

text: In

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: video

text: games

text: the

text: sixth

text: generation

text: era

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: era

text: see

text: Bits

text: and

text: system

text: power

text: below

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: computer

text: and

text: video

text: games

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: and

text: video

text: game

text: handhelds

text: available

text: at

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: which

text: was

text: from

text: to

text: Platforms

text: of

text: the

text: sixth

text: generation

text: include

text: the

text: Sega

text: Dreamcast

text: Sony

text: PlayStation

text: Nintendo

text: GameCube

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: Xbox

text: This

text: era

text: began

text: on

text: November

text: with

text: the

text: Japanese

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: Dreamcast

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: joined

text: by

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: the

text: GameCube

text: and

text: Xbox

text: in

text: The

text: Dreamcast

text: was

text: discontinued

text: in

text: the

text: GameCube

text: in

text: Xbox

text: in

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: in

text: Though

text: the

text: seventh

text: generation

text: of

text: consoles

text: started

text: in

text: November

text: with

text: the

text: launch

text: of

text: the

text: Xbox

text: the

text: sixth

text: generation

text: did

text: not

text: end

text: until

text: January

text: when

text: Sony

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: had

text: been

text: discontinued

text: worldwide

text: Midway Games was an American video game developer and publisher. Its titles included "Mortal Kombat", "Ms. Pac-Man", "Spy Hunter", "Tron", "Rampage", the "Cruis'n" series, "NFL Blitz", and "NBA Jam". Midway also acquired the rights to video games that were originally developed by Williams Electronics and Atari Games, such as "Defender", "Joust", "Robotron 2084", "Gauntlet", and the "Rush" series.

text: Midway

text: Games

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: video

text: game

text: developer

text: and

text: publisher

text: Its

text: titles

text: included

text: Mortal

text: Kombat

text: Ms.

text: Pac

text: Man

text: Spy

text: Hunter

text: Tron

text: Rampage

text: the

text: Cruis'n

text: series

text: NFL

text: Blitz

text: and

text: NBA

text: Jam

text: Midway

text: also

text: acquired

text: the

text: rights

text: to

text: video

text: games

text: that

text: were

text: originally

text: developed

text: by

text: Williams

text: Electronics

text: and

text: Atari

text: Games

text: such

text: as

text: Defender

text: Joust

text: Robotron

text: Gauntlet

text: and

text: the

text: Rush

text: series

text: The is an 8-bit handheld video game device with interchangeable cartridges developed and manufactured by Nintendo, which was first released in Japan on , in North America on and in Europe on . It is the first handheld console in the Game Boy line and was created by Satoru Okada and Nintendo Research & Development 1. This same team, led by Gunpei Yokoi at the time, is credited with designing the Game & Watch series as well as several popular games for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Redesigned versions were released in 1996 and 1998 in the form of Game Boy Pocket and Game Boy Light (Japan only), respectively.

text: The

text: is

text: an

text: handheld

text: video

text: game

text: device

text: with

text: interchangeable

text: cartridges

text: developed

text: and

text: manufactured

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: which

text: was

text: first

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: and

text: in

text: Europe

text: on

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: handheld

text: console

text: in

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: line

text: and

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: Satoru

text: Okada

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: Research

text: Development

text: This

text: same

text: team

text: led

text: by

text: Gunpei

text: Yokoi

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: designing

text: the

text: Game

text: Watch

text: series

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: several

text: popular

text: games

text: for

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: Entertainment

text: System

text: Redesigned

text: versions

text: were

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Pocket

text: and

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Light

text: Japan

text: only

text: respectively

text: A video game is an electronic game that involves human or animal interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor. The word "video" in "video game" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images. Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.

text: video

text: game

text: is

text: an

text: electronic

text: game

text: that

text: involves

text: human

text: or

text: animal

text: interaction

text: with

text: user

text: interface

text: to

text: generate

text: visual

text: feedback

text: on

text: video

text: device

text: such

text: as

text: TV

text: screen

text: or

text: computer

text: monitor

text: The

text: word

text: video

text: in

text: video

text: game

text: traditionally

text: referred

text: to

text: raster

text: display

text: device

text: but

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: it

text: implies

text: any

text: type

text: of

text: display

text: device

text: that

text: can

text: produce

text: two-

text: or

text: three

text: dimensional

text: images

text: Some

text: theorists

text: categorize

text: video

text: games

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: but

text: this

text: designation

text: is

text: controversial

text: Microsoft Corporation (commonly referred to as Microsoft or MS) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington, that develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics and personal computers and services. Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, Microsoft Office office suite, and Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers. Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup. As of 2016, it was the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.

text: Microsoft

text: Corporation

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Microsoft

text: or

text: MS

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: multinational

text: technology

text: company

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Redmond

text: Washington

text: that

text: develops

text: manufactures

text: licenses

text: supports

text: and

text: sells

text: computer

text: software

text: consumer

text: electronics

text: and

text: personal

text: computers

text: and

text: services

text: Its

text: best

text: known

text: software

text: products

text: are

text: the

text: Microsoft

text: Windows

text: line

text: of

text: operating

text: systems

text: Microsoft

text: Office

text: office

text: suite

text: and

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: and

text: Edge

text: web

text: browsers

text: Its

text: flagship

text: hardware

text: products

text: are

text: the

text: Xbox

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: and

text: the

text: Microsoft

text: Surface

text: tablet

text: lineup

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: software

text: maker

text: by

text: revenue

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: valuable

text: companies

text: Exient Entertainment (also known as Exient Limited) is an independent video game developer based in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is known for its ports of various games on the "Madden NFL", "FIFA", "Need for Speed", "The Sims" and "Tiger Woods PGA Tour" series for Electronic Arts and the "DJ Hero" series for Activision. The company was incorporated in 2000 and began operations in January 2001.

text: Exient

text: Entertainment

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Exient

text: Limited

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: video

text: game

text: developer

text: based

text: in

text: Oxford

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: ports

text: of

text: various

text: games

text: on

text: the

text: Madden

text: NFL

text: FIFA

text: Need

text: for

text: Speed

text: The

text: Sims

text: and

text: Tiger

text: Woods

text: PGA

text: Tour

text: series

text: for

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: and

text: the

text: DJ

text: Hero

text: series

text: for

text: Activision

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: incorporated

text: in

text: and

text: began

text: operations

text: in

text: January

text: Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games' Chicago studio in 1992. Following Midway's bankruptcy, the "Mortal Kombat" development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios. Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011.

text: Mortal

text: Kombat

text: is

text: video

text: game

text: franchise

text: originally

text: developed

text: by

text: Midway

text: Games

text: Chicago

text: studio

text: in

text: Following

text: Midway

text: 's

text: bankruptcy

text: the

text: Mortal

text: Kombat

text: development

text: team

text: was

text: acquired

text: by

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: and

text: turned

text: into

text: NetherRealm

text: Studios

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Interactive

text: Entertainment

text: currently

text: owns

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: the

text: franchise

text: and

text: rebooted

text: it

text: in

text: Need for Speed, also known by its initials NFS, is a racing video game franchise published by Electronic Arts and developed by several studios including EA Black Box, Criterion Games and Ghost Games.

text: Need

text: for

text: Speed

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: initials

text: NFS

text: is

text: racing

text: video

text: game

text: franchise

text: published

text: by

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: and

text: developed

text: by

text: several

text: studios

text: including

text: EA

text: Black

text: Box

text: Criterion

text: Games

text: and

text: Ghost

text: Games

text: NHL Hitz Pro is an ice hockey video game developed by Next Level Games and published by Midway Games. It's the third and final game of the "NHL Hitz" series. It was released on September 25, 2003, for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Xbox. Unlike the previous titles in the series, this game has 5-on-5 gameplay instead of the usual 3-on-3 gameplay with the earlier titles. Despite that fact, however, the game does not include penalty shots, and it is still an arcade-type hockey game like its predecessors. It also has, as the name suggests, a lot of hard hitting, appealing more often to casual hockey fans than hardcore ones. The cover athlete of the game is Nicklas Lidström, and features commentary from Tim Kitzrow and Harry Teinowitz.

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: Pro

text: is

text: an

text: ice

text: hockey

text: video

text: game

text: developed

text: by

text: Next

text: Level

text: Games

text: and

text: published

text: by

text: Midway

text: Games

text: It

text: 's

text: the

text: third

text: and

text: final

text: game

text: of

text: the

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: series

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: September

text: for

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Nintendo

text: GameCube

text: and

text: Xbox

text: Unlike

text: the

text: previous

text: titles

text: in

text: the

text: series

text: this

text: game

text: has

text: gameplay

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: usual

text: gameplay

text: with

text: the

text: earlier

text: titles

text: Despite

text: that

text: fact

text: however

text: the

text: game

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: penalty

text: shots

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: still

text: an

text: arcade

text: type

text: hockey

text: game

text: like

text: its

text: predecessors

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: as

text: the

text: name

text: suggests

text: lot

text: of

text: hard

text: hitting

text: appealing

text: more

text: often

text: to

text: casual

text: hockey

text: fans

text: than

text: hardcore

text: ones

text: The

text: cover

text: athlete

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: is

text: Nicklas

text: Lidström

text: and

text: features

text: commentary

text: from

text: Tim

text: Kitzrow

text: and

text: Harry

text: Teinowitz

text: Cruis'n is a racing game for the Wii console developed by Just Games Interactive and published by Midway Games. The game was released on November 27, 2007 in North America. The game was later released in Australasia on February 14, 2008 and in Europe on March 27, 2008. It is the fifth game of the eponymous series. It is a port of The Fast and the Furious video game, without the license for the film.

text: Cruis'n

text: is

text: racing

text: game

text: for

text: the

text: Wii

text: console

text: developed

text: by

text: Just

text: Games

text: Interactive

text: and

text: published

text: by

text: Midway

text: Games

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: November

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: later

text: released

text: in

text: Australasia

text: on

text: February

text: and

text: in

text: Europe

text: on

text: March

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: game

text: of

text: the

text: eponymous

text: series

text: It

text: is

text: port

text: of

text: The

text: Fast

text: and

text: the

text: Furious

text: video

text: game

text: without

text: the

text: license

text: for

text: the

text: film

text: The Tapwave Zodiac is a former mobile entertainment console. Tapwave announced the system in May 2003 and began shipping in October of that same year. The Zodiac was designed to be a high-performance mobile entertainment system centered on games, music, photos, and video for 18- to 34-year-old gamers and technology enthusiasts. By running an enhanced version of the Palm Operating System (5.2T), Zodiac also provided access to Palms personal information management software and many other applications from the Palm developer community. The company was based in Mountain View, California.

text: The

text: Tapwave

text: Zodiac

text: is

text: former

text: mobile

text: entertainment

text: console

text: Tapwave

text: announced

text: the

text: system

text: in

text: May

text: and

text: began

text: shipping

text: in

text: October

text: of

text: that

text: same

text: year

text: The

text: Zodiac

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: be

text: high

text: performance

text: mobile

text: entertainment

text: system

text: centered

text: on

text: games

text: music

text: photos

text: and

text: video

text: for

text: to

text: old

text: gamers

text: and

text: technology

text: enthusiasts

text: By

text: running

text: an

text: enhanced

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Palm

text: Operating

text: System

text: Zodiac

text: also

text: provided

text: access

text: to

text: Palms

text: personal

text: information

text: management

text: software

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: applications

text: from

text: the

text: Palm

text: developer

text: community

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: based

text: in

text: Mountain

text: View

text: California

text: The is a home video game console released by Nintendo in Japan on September 14, 2001; in North America on November 18, 2001; in Europe on May 3, 2002; and in Australia on May 17, 2002. The sixth-generation console is the successor to the Nintendo 64 and competed with Sony Computer Entertainment's PlayStation 2 and Microsoft's Xbox.

text: The

text: is

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: released

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: September

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: November

text: in

text: Europe

text: on

text: May

text: and

text: in

text: Australia

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: sixth

text: generation

text: console

text: is

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: and

text: competed

text: with

text: Sony

text: Computer

text: Entertainment

text: 's

text: PlayStation

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Xbox

text: Madden NFL (known as John Madden Football before 1993) is an American football video game series developed by EA Tiburon for EA Sports. It is named after Pro Football Hall of Famer John Madden, a well-known former Super Bowlwinning coach of the Oakland Raiders and color commentator. The series has sold more than 100 million copies, and influenced many players and coaches of the physical sport. Among the game's realistic features are sophisticated playbooks and player statistics, and voice commentary that allows players to hear the game as if it were a real TV broadcast. As of September 2013, the franchise generated over $4 billion in revenue.

text: Madden

text: NFL

text: known

text: as

text: John

text: Madden

text: Football

text: before

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: football

text: video

text: game

text: series

text: developed

text: by

text: EA

text: Tiburon

text: for

text: EA

text: Sports

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Pro

text: Football

text: Hall

text: of

text: Famer

text: John

text: Madden

text: well

text: known

text: former

text: Super

text: Bowlwinning

text: coach

text: of

text: the

text: Oakland

text: Raiders

text: and

text: color

text: commentator

text: The

text: series

text: has

text: sold

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: copies

text: and

text: influenced

text: many

text: players

text: and

text: coaches

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: sport

text: Among

text: the

text: game

text: 's

text: realistic

text: features

text: are

text: sophisticated

text: playbooks

text: and

text: player

text: statistics

text: and

text: voice

text: commentary

text: that

text: allows

text: players

text: to

text: hear

text: the

text: game

text: as

text: if

text: it

text: were

text: real

text: TV

text: broadcast

text: As

text: of

text: September

text: the

text: franchise

text: generated

text: over

text: billion

text: in

text: revenue

text: The is a handheld game console released in Japan by Bandai. It was developed by Gunpei Yokoi's company Koto Laboratory and Bandai. Released in 1999 in the fifth generation of video game consoles, the WonderSwan and its two later models, the WonderSwan Color and SwanCrystal were officially supported until being discontinued by Bandai in 2003. During its lifespan, no variation of the WonderSwan was released outside Japan.

text: The

text: is

text: handheld

text: game

text: console

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: by

text: Bandai

text: It

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: Gunpei

text: Yokoi

text: 's

text: company

text: Koto

text: Laboratory

text: and

text: Bandai

text: Released

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: fifth

text: generation

text: of

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: the

text: WonderSwan

text: and

text: its

text: two

text: later

text: models

text: the

text: WonderSwan

text: Color

text: and

text: SwanCrystal

text: were

text: officially

text: supported

text: until

text: being

text: discontinued

text: by

text: Bandai

text: in

text: During

text: its

text: lifespan

text: no

text: variation

text: of

text: the

text: WonderSwan

text: was

text: released

text: outside

text: Japan

text: The Sims is a life simulation video game series, developed by EA Maxis and published by Electronic Arts. The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide and it is one of the best-selling video games series of all time.

text: The

text: Sims

text: is

text: life

text: simulation

text: video

text: game

text: series

text: developed

text: by

text: EA

text: Maxis

text: and

text: published

text: by

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: The

text: franchise

text: has

text: sold

text: nearly

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: video

text: games

text: series

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the Sony Group, which is engaged in business through its four operating components  electronics (video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures, music and financial services. These make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's principal business operations include Sony Corporation, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Mobile (formerly Sony Ericsson) and Sony Financial. Sony is among the Semiconductor sales leaders by year and as of 2013, the fourth-largest television manufacturer in the world, after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics and TCL.

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: is

text: the

text: electronics

text: business

text: unit

text: and

text: the

text: parent

text: company

text: of

text: the

text: Sony

text: Group

text: which

text: is

text: engaged

text: in

text: business

text: through

text: its

text: four

text: operating

text: components

text: electronics

text: video

text: games

text: network

text: services

text: and

text: medical

text: business

text: motion

text: pictures

text: music

text: and

text: financial

text: services

text: These

text: make

text: Sony

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: comprehensive

text: entertainment

text: companies

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Sony

text: 's

text: principal

text: business

text: operations

text: include

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: Sony

text: Pictures

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Interactive

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Mobile

text: formerly

text: Sony

text: Ericsson

text: and

text: Sony

text: Financial

text: Sony

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: Semiconductor

text: sales

text: leaders

text: by

text: year

text: and

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: television

text: manufacturer

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: Samsung

text: Electronics

text: LG

text: Electronics

text: and

text: TCL

text: The PlayStation 2 (abbreviated as PS2) is a home video game console that was developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the successor to the PlayStation, and is the second installment in the PlayStation lineup of consoles. It was released on March 4, 2000 in Japan, October 26, 2000 in North America, November 24, 2000 in Europe, and November 17, 2000 in Australia. It competed with Sega's Dreamcast, Microsoft's Xbox, and Nintendo's GameCube in the sixth generation of video game consoles.

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: is

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: that

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: Sony

text: Computer

text: Entertainment

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: installment

text: in

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: lineup

text: of

text: consoles

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Japan

text: October

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: November

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: November

text: in

text: Australia

text: It

text: competed

text: with

text: Sega

text: 's

text: Dreamcast

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Xbox

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: GameCube

text: in

text: the

text: sixth

text: generation

text: of

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: Ms. Pac-Man is an arcade video game from the Golden Age. It was produced by Illinois-based Bally/Midway Manufacturing corporation, the North American publisher of "Pac-Man". "Ms. Pac-Man" was released in North America in July 1981, and is one of the most popular arcade video games of all time. This popularity led to its adoption as an official title by Namco, the creator of "Pac-Man", which was released in the United States in late 1980. Ms Pac-Man introduced a female protagonist, new maze designs, and several other improved gameplay changes over the original Pac-Man. Ms Pac-Man became the most successful American-produced arcade game, selling 115,000 arcade cabinets.

text: Ms.

text: Pac

text: Man

text: is

text: an

text: arcade

text: video

text: game

text: from

text: the

text: Golden

text: Age

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Illinois

text: based

text: Bally

text: Midway

text: Manufacturing

text: corporation

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: publisher

text: of

text: Pac

text: Man

text: Ms.

text: Pac

text: Man

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: July

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: arcade

text: video

text: games

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: This

text: popularity

text: led

text: to

text: its

text: adoption

text: as

text: an

text: official

text: title

text: by

text: Namco

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: Pac

text: Man

text: which

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: late

text: Ms

text: Pac

text: Man

text: introduced

text: female

text: protagonist

text: new

text: maze

text: designs

text: and

text: several

text: other

text: improved

text: gameplay

text: changes

text: over

text: the

text: original

text: Pac

text: Man

text: Ms

text: Pac

text: Man

text: became

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: American

text: produced

text: arcade

text: game

text: selling

text: arcade

text: cabinets

text:
The (abbreviated as GBA) is a 32-bit handheld video game console developed, manufactured and marketed by Nintendo as the successor to the Game Boy Color. It was released in Japan on March 21, 2001, in North America on June 11, 2001, in Australia and Europe on June 22, 2001, and in the People's Republic of China on June 8, 2004 (excluding Hong Kong). Nintendo's competitors in the handheld market at the time were the Neo Geo Pocket Color, WonderSwan, GP32, Tapwave Zodiac, and the N-Gage. Despite the competitors' best efforts, Nintendo maintained a majority market share with the Game Boy Advance.
As of June 30, 2010, the Game Boy Advance series has sold 81.51 million units worldwide. Its successor, the Nintendo DS, was released in November 2004 and is also compatible with Game Boy Advance software.

text: The

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: GBA

text: is

text: handheld

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: developed

text: manufactured

text: and

text: marketed

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: as

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Color

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: June

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: Europe

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: on

text: June

text: excluding

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: competitors

text: in

text: the

text: handheld

text: market

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: were

text: the

text: Neo

text: Geo

text: Pocket

text: Color

text: WonderSwan

text: Tapwave

text: Zodiac

text: and

text: the

text: Gage

text: Despite

text: the

text: competitors

text: best

text: efforts

text: Nintendo

text: maintained

text: majority

text: market

text: share

text: with

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: As

text: of

text: June

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: series

text: has

text: sold

text: million

text: units

text: worldwide

text: Its

text: successor

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: DS

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: November

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: compatible

text: with

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: software

text: NHL Hitz 2003 , also known as NHL Hitz 20 - 03 , is a hockey video game developed by Black Box Games and Exient Entertainment , and published by Midway Games . The game was released on the Xbox , PlayStation 2 , Nintendo GameCube , as well as Game Boy Advance . It 's the second game of the NHL Hitz series . The Game Boy Advance version has the possibility of being linked with up to three other systems for four player link up play . Thanks in large part to its fast - paced , 3 - on - 3 style of hockey that is rare in other NHL titles , Hitz 2003 has experienced a steady increase in underground popularity over the years despite being over eleven years old .

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: is

text: hockey

text: video

text: game

text: developed

text: by

text: Black

text: Box

text: Games

text: and

text: Exient

text: Entertainment

text: and

text: published

text: by

text: Midway

text: Games

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: the

text: Xbox

text: PlayStation

text: Nintendo

text: GameCube

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: It

text: 's

text: the

text: second

text: game

text: of

text: the

text: NHL

text: Hitz

text: series

text: The

text: Game

text: Boy

text: Advance

text: version

text: has

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: being

text: linked

text: with

text: up

text: to

text: three

text: other

text: systems

text: for

text: four

text: player

text: link

text: up

text: play

text: Thanks

text: in

text: large

text: part

text: to

text: its

text: fast

text: paced

text: on

text: style

text: of

text: hockey

text: that

text: is

text: rare

text: in

text: other

text: NHL

text: titles

text: Hitz

text: has

text: experienced

text: steady

text: increase

text: in

text: underground

text: popularity

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: despite

text: being

text: over

text: eleven

text: years

text: old

text: Atari Games Corporation was an American producer of arcade games. It was originally the coin-operated arcade game division of Atari, Inc. and was split off into its own company in 1984.

text: Atari

text: Games

text: Corporation

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: producer

text: of

text: arcade

text: games

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: the

text: coin

text: operated

text: arcade

text: game

text: division

text: of

text: Atari

text: Inc.

text: and

text: was

text: split

text: off

text: into

text: its

text: own

text: company

text: in

text: Atari is a corporate and brand name owned by several entities since its inception in 1972, currently by Atari Interactive, a subsidiary of the French publisher Atari, SA (ASA). The original Atari, Inc. founded in 1972 by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney was a pioneer in arcade games, home video game consoles, and home computers. The company's products, such as "Pong" and the Atari 2600, helped define the electronic entertainment industry from the 1970s to the mid-1980s.

text: Atari

text: is

text: corporate

text: and

text: brand

text: name

text: owned

text: by

text: several

text: entities

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: in

text: currently

text: by

text: Atari

text: Interactive

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: publisher

text: Atari

text: SA

text: ASA

text: The

text: original

text: Atari

text: Inc.

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Nolan

text: Bushnell

text: and

text: Ted

text: Dabney

text: was

text: pioneer

text: in

text: arcade

text: games

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: and

text: home

text: computers

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: products

text: such

text: as

text: Pong

text: and

text: the

text: Atari

text: helped

text: define

text: the

text: electronic

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: The , referred to as GBC, is a handheld game console manufactured by Nintendo, which was released on October 21, 1998 in Japan and was released in November of the same year in international markets. It is the successor of the Game Boy.

text: The

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: GBC

text: is

text: handheld

text: game

text: console

text: manufactured

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: which

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: October

text: in

text: Japan

text: and

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: November

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: in

text: international

text: markets

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: successor

text: of

text: the

text: Game

text: Boy

text: DJ Hero is a music video game, developed by FreeStyleGames and published by Activision as a rhythm game spin-off of the "Guitar Hero" franchise. It was released on October 27, 2009 in North America and on October 29, 2009 in Europe. The game is based on turntablism, the act of creating a new musical work from one or more previously recorded songs using record players and sound effect generators, and features 94 remixes of two different songs from a selection of over 100 different songs across numerous genres.

text: DJ

text: Hero

text: is

text: music

text: video

text: game

text: developed

text: by

text: FreeStyleGames

text: and

text: published

text: by

text: Activision

text: as

text: rhythm

text: game

text: spin

text: off

text: of

text: the

text: Guitar

text: Hero

text: franchise

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: October

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: on

text: October

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: game

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: turntablism

text: the

text: act

text: of

text: creating

text: new

text: musical

text: work

text: from

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: previously

text: recorded

text: songs

text: using

text: record

text: players

text: and

text: sound

text: effect

text: generators

text: and

text: features

text: remixes

text: of

text: two

text: different

text: songs

text: from

text: selection

text: of

text: over

text: different

text: songs

text: across

text: numerous

text: genres

text: The Neo Geo Pocket Color (also stylized as NEOGEOPOCKET COLOR, often abbreviated NGPC), is a 16-bit color handheld video game console manufactured by SNK. It is a successor to SNK's monochrome Neo Geo Pocket handheld which debuted in 1998 in Japan, with the Color being fully backward compatible. The Neo Geo Pocket Color was released on March 16, 1999 in Japan, August 6, 1999 in North America, and on October 1, 1999 in Europe, entering markets all dominated by Nintendo.

text: The

text: Neo

text: Geo

text: Pocket

text: Color

text: also

text: stylized

text: as

text: NEOGEOPOCKET

text: COLOR

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: NGPC

text: is

text: color

text: handheld

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: manufactured

text: by

text: SNK

text: It

text: is

text: successor

text: to

text: SNK

text: 's

text: monochrome

text: Neo

text: Geo

text: Pocket

text: handheld

text: which

text: debuted

text: in

text: in

text: Japan

text: with

text: the

text: Color

text: being

text: fully

text: backward

text: compatible

text: The

text: Neo

text: Geo

text: Pocket

text: Color

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Japan

text: August

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: on

text: October

text: in

text: Europe

text: entering

text: markets

text: all

text: dominated

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: The is a home video game console released by Sega on November 27, 1998 in Japan, September 9, 1999 in North America, and October 14, 1999 in Europe. It was the first in the sixth generation of video game consoles, preceding Sony's PlayStation 2, Nintendo's GameCube and Microsoft's Xbox. The Dreamcast was Sega's final home console, marking the end of the company's 18 years in the console market.

text: The

text: is

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: released

text: by

text: Sega

text: on

text: November

text: in

text: Japan

text: September

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: October

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: in

text: the

text: sixth

text: generation

text: of

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: preceding

text: Sony

text: 's

text: PlayStation

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: GameCube

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Xbox

text: The

text: Dreamcast

text: was

text: Sega

text: 's

text: final

text: home

text: console

text: marking

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: console

text: market

text: , stylized as PAC-MAN, is an arcade game developed by Namco and first released in Japan in May 1980. It was created by Japanese video game designer Toru Iwatani. It was licensed for distribution in the United States by Midway and released in October 1980. Immensely popular from its original release to the present day, "Pac-Man" is considered one of the classics of the medium, and an icon of 1980s popular culture. Upon its release, the gameand, subsequently, "Pac-Man" derivativesbecame a social phenomenon that yielded high sales of merchandise and inspired a legacy in other media, such as the "Pac-Man" animated television series and the top-ten hit single "Pac-Man Fever". Pac-Man was popular in the 1980s and 1990s and is still played in the 2010s.

text: stylized

text: as

text: PAC

text: MAN

text: is

text: an

text: arcade

text: game

text: developed

text: by

text: Namco

text: and

text: first

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: in

text: May

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: Japanese

text: video

text: game

text: designer

text: Toru

text: Iwatani

text: It

text: was

text: licensed

text: for

text: distribution

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: by

text: Midway

text: and

text: released

text: in

text: October

text: Immensely

text: popular

text: from

text: its

text: original

text: release

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Pac

text: Man

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: classics

text: of

text: the

text: medium

text: and

text: an

text: icon

text: of

text: popular

text: culture

text: Upon

text: its

text: release

text: the

text: gameand

text: subsequently

text: Pac

text: Man

text: derivativesbecame

text: social

text: phenomenon

text: that

text: yielded

text: high

text: sales

text: of

text: merchandise

text: and

text: inspired

text: legacy

text: in

text: other

text: media

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Pac

text: Man

text: animated

text: television

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: top

text: ten

text: hit

text: single

text: Pac

text: Man

text: Fever

text: Pac

text: Man

text: was

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: and

text: is

text: still

text: played

text: in

text: the

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: developer nhl hitz 2003

answer: ea black box

text: ea black box


text: Nièvre is a department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the centre of France named after the River Nièvre.

text: Nièvre

text: is

text: department

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Bourgogne

text: Franche

text: Comté

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: France

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: River

text: Nièvre

text: The Gallic Wars were a series of military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against several Gallic tribes. Rome's war against the Gallic tribes lasted from 58 BC to 50 BC and culminated in the decisive Battle of Alesia in 52 BC, in which a complete Roman victory resulted in the expansion of the Roman Republic over the whole of Gaul (mainly present-day France and Belgium). While militarily just as strong as the Romans, the internal division between the Gallic tribes helped ease victory for Caesar, and Vercingetorix's attempt to unite the Gauls against Roman invasion came too late. The wars paved the way for Julius Caesar to become the sole ruler of the Roman Republic.

text: The

text: Gallic

text: Wars

text: were

text: series

text: of

text: military

text: campaigns

text: waged

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: proconsul

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: against

text: several

text: Gallic

text: tribes

text: Rome

text: 's

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: Gallic

text: tribes

text: lasted

text: from

text: BC

text: to

text: BC

text: and

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: decisive

text: Battle

text: of

text: Alesia

text: in

text: BC

text: in

text: which

text: complete

text: Roman

text: victory

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: over

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Gaul

text: mainly

text: present

text: day

text: France

text: and

text: Belgium

text: While

text: militarily

text: just

text: as

text: strong

text: as

text: the

text: Romans

text: the

text: internal

text: division

text: between

text: the

text: Gallic

text: tribes

text: helped

text: ease

text: victory

text: for

text: Caesar

text: and

text: Vercingetorix

text: 's

text: attempt

text: to

text: unite

text: the

text: Gauls

text: against

text: Roman

text: invasion

text: came

text: too

text: late

text: The

text: wars

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: sole

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: The Aedui, Haedui, or Hedui were a Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar (Saône) and Liger (Loire), in today's France. Their territory thus included the greater part of the modern departments of Saône-et-Loire, Côte-d'Or and Nièvre.

text: The

text: Aedui

text: Haedui

text: or

text: Hedui

text: were

text: Gallic

text: people

text: of

text: Gallia

text: Lugdunensis

text: who

text: inhabited

text: the

text: country

text: between

text: the

text: Arar

text: Saône

text: and

text: Liger

text: Loire

text: in

text: today

text: 's

text: France

text: Their

text: territory

text: thus

text: included

text: the

text: greater

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: departments

text: of

text: Saône

text: et

text: Loire

text: Côte

text: d'Or

text: and

text: Nièvre

text: The Arverni were a Celtic tribe. The tribe was located in what is today the French Auvergne region, which derives its name from the Arverni. One of the most powerful tribes in ancient Gaul, the Arverni opposed the Romans on several occasions. Their most important stronghold was Gergovia, near the present-day commune of Clermont-Ferrand.

text: The

text: Arverni

text: were

text: Celtic

text: tribe

text: The

text: tribe

text: was

text: located

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: today

text: the

text: French

text: Auvergne

text: region

text: which

text: derives

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: Arverni

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: tribes

text: in

text: ancient

text: Gaul

text: the

text: Arverni

text: opposed

text: the

text: Romans

text: on

text: several

text: occasions

text: Their

text: most

text: important

text: stronghold

text: was

text: Gergovia

text: near

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: commune

text: of

text: Clermont

text: Ferrand

text: Côte-d'Or (literally, "golden slope") is a department in the eastern part of France.

text: Côte

text: d'Or

text: literally

text: golden

text: slope

text: is

text: department

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: France

text: Gallia Lugdunensis (French: Gaule Lyonnaise) was a province of the Roman Empire in what is now the modern country of France, part of the Celtic territory of Gaul formerly known as Celtica. It is named after its capital Lugdunum (today's Lyon), possibly Roman Europe's major city west of Italy, and a major imperial mint. Outside Lugdunum was the Condate Altar, where representatives of the Three Gauls met to celebrate the cult of "Rome and Augustus".

text: Gallia

text: Lugdunensis

text: French

text: Gaule

text: Lyonnaise

text: was

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: modern

text: country

text: of

text: France

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Celtic

text: territory

text: of

text: Gaul

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Celtica

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: its

text: capital

text: Lugdunum

text: today

text: 's

text: Lyon

text: possibly

text: Roman

text: Europe

text: 's

text: major

text: city

text: west

text: of

text: Italy

text: and

text: major

text: imperial

text: mint

text: Outside

text: Lugdunum

text: was

text: the

text: Condate

text: Altar

text: where

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: Three

text: Gauls

text: met

text: to

text: celebrate

text: the

text: cult

text: of

text: Rome

text: and

text: Augustus

text: The Gauls were Celtic peoples inhabiting Gaul in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly from the 5th century BC to the 5th century AD). Their Gaulish language forms the main branch of the Continental Celtic languages.

text: The

text: Gauls

text: were

text: Celtic

text: peoples

text: inhabiting

text: Gaul

text: in

text: the

text: Iron

text: Age

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: period

text: roughly

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: Their

text: Gaulish

text: language

text: forms

text: the

text: main

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Continental

text: Celtic

text: languages

text: The Saône (; Arpitan Sona) is a river of eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon, just south of the Presqu'île.

text: The

text: Saône

text: Arpitan

text: Sona

text: is

text: river

text: of

text: eastern

text: France

text: It

text: is

text: right

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Rhône

text: rising

text: at

text: Vioménil

text: in

text: the

text: Vosges

text: department

text: and

text: joining

text: the

text: Rhône

text: in

text: Lyon

text: just

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Presqu'île

text: Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 BC  15 March 44 BC), known as Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician, general, and notable author of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.

text: Gaius

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: July

text: BC

text: March

text: BC

text: known

text: as

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: was

text: Roman

text: politician

text: general

text: and

text: notable

text: author

text: of

text: Latin

text: prose

text: He

text: played

text: critical

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: events

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: demise

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Litaviccus ( ca . 50 BC ) was a member of the Gallic tribe of Aedui . He played an important role at the Siege of Gergovia . Though the Aedui at first supported Julius Caesar in his struggle against Vercingetorix , they defected from the Romans and joined Vercingetorix . According to Caesar in his Commentarii de Bello Gallico , the Aedui had been roused into this betrayal by Convictolitavis , the leader of the Aedui . During the siege of Gergovia , Litaviccus was given command over 10,000 men who were sent to aid Caesar . During the march , however , Litavccus gave a speech to his soldiers where he claimed the Romans had killed the nobles of the Aedui , and that they had the same planned for the rest of the tribe . This convinced the soldiers to desert the Romans and instead join Vercingetorix . Though the army of Litaviccus was very small compared to the Legions of Caesar , Caesar was nonetheless forced to remove a part of his soldiers at Gergovia to deal with Litaviccus . Litaviccus ' rebellion did not last long ; when Caesar presented the according to Litaviccus murdered nobles of the Aedui , the soldiers realized they had been lied to and surrendered , after which Litaviccus escaped and fled to Gergovia .

text: Litaviccus

text: ca

text: BC

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Gallic

text: tribe

text: of

text: Aedui

text: He

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: at

text: the

text: Siege

text: of

text: Gergovia

text: Though

text: the

text: Aedui

text: at

text: first

text: supported

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: in

text: his

text: struggle

text: against

text: Vercingetorix

text: they

text: defected

text: from

text: the

text: Romans

text: and

text: joined

text: Vercingetorix

text: According

text: to

text: Caesar

text: in

text: his

text: Commentarii

text: de

text: Bello

text: Gallico

text: the

text: Aedui

text: had

text: been

text: roused

text: into

text: this

text: betrayal

text: by

text: Convictolitavis

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Aedui

text: During

text: the

text: siege

text: of

text: Gergovia

text: Litaviccus

text: was

text: given

text: command

text: over

text: men

text: who

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: aid

text: Caesar

text: During

text: the

text: march

text: however

text: Litavccus

text: gave

text: speech

text: to

text: his

text: soldiers

text: where

text: he

text: claimed

text: the

text: Romans

text: had

text: killed

text: the

text: nobles

text: of

text: the

text: Aedui

text: and

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: planned

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: tribe

text: This

text: convinced

text: the

text: soldiers

text: to

text: desert

text: the

text: Romans

text: and

text: instead

text: join

text: Vercingetorix

text: Though

text: the

text: army

text: of

text: Litaviccus

text: was

text: very

text: small

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: Legions

text: of

text: Caesar

text: Caesar

text: was

text: nonetheless

text: forced

text: to

text: remove

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: soldiers

text: at

text: Gergovia

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: Litaviccus

text: Litaviccus

text: rebellion

text: did

text: not

text: last

text: long

text: when

text: Caesar

text: presented

text: the

text: according

text: to

text: Litaviccus

text: murdered

text: nobles

text: of

text: the

text: Aedui

text: the

text: soldiers

text: realized

text: they

text: had

text: been

text: lied

text: to

text: and

text: surrendered

text: after

text: which

text: Litaviccus

text: escaped

text: and

text: fled

text: to

text: Gergovia

text: The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek:   , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Koine

text: and

text: Medieval

text: Greek

text: tr

text: was

text: the

text: post

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: characterized

text: by

text: government

text: headed

text: by

text: emperors

text: and

text: large

text: territorial

text: holdings

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: BC

text: AD

text: with

text: Constantinople

text: New

text: Rome

text: becoming

text: the

text: largest

text: around

text: AD

text: and

text: the

text: Empire

text: 's

text: populace

text: grew

text: to

text: an

text: estimated

text: to

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: roughly

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: old

text: republic

text: which

text: preceded

text: it

text: was

text: severely

text: destabilized

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: civil

text: wars

text: and

text: political

text: conflict

text: during

text: which

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: was

text: appointed

text: as

text: perpetual

text: dictator

text: and

text: then

text: assassinated

text: in

text: BC

text: Civil

text: wars

text: and

text: executions

text: continued

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: Octavian

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: adopted

text: son

text: over

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Octavian

text: 's

text: power

text: was

text: then

text: unassailable

text: and

text: in

text: BC

text: the

text: Roman

text: Senate

text: formally

text: granted

text: him

text: overarching

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: title

text: Augustus

text: effectively

text: marking

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: The Roman Republic was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: was

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Kingdom

text: traditionally

text: dated

text: to

text: BC

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: BC

text: with

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: It

text: was

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: that

text: Rome

text: 's

text: control

text: expanded

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: immediate

text: surroundings

text: to

text: hegemony

text: over

text: the

text: entire

text: Mediterranean

text: world

text: Vercingetorix (or  82 BC  46 BC) was a king and chieftain of the Arverni tribe; he united the Gauls in a revolt against Roman forces during the last phase of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars.

text: Vercingetorix

text: or

text: BC

text: BC

text: was

text: king

text: and

text: chieftain

text: of

text: the

text: Arverni

text: tribe

text: he

text: united

text: the

text: Gauls

text: in

text: revolt

text: against

text: Roman

text: forces

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: phase

text: of

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: Gallic

text: Wars

annotations: likely multiple

question: country_of_citizenship litaviccus

answer: gaul

text: gaul

text: gaul

text: gaul

text: gaul