text: Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the Sony Group, which is engaged in business through its four operating components  electronics (video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures, music and financial services. These make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's principal business operations include Sony Corporation, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Mobile (formerly Sony Ericsson) and Sony Financial. Sony is among the Semiconductor sales leaders by year and as of 2013, the fourth-largest television manufacturer in the world, after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics and TCL.

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: is

text: the

text: electronics

text: business

text: unit

text: and

text: the

text: parent

text: company

text: of

text: the

text: Sony

text: Group

text: which

text: is

text: engaged

text: in

text: business

text: through

text: its

text: four

text: operating

text: components

text: electronics

text: video

text: games

text: network

text: services

text: and

text: medical

text: business

text: motion

text: pictures

text: music

text: and

text: financial

text: services

text: These

text: make

text: Sony

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: comprehensive

text: entertainment

text: companies

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Sony

text: 's

text: principal

text: business

text: operations

text: include

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: Sony

text: Pictures

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Interactive

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Mobile

text: formerly

text: Sony

text: Ericsson

text: and

text: Sony

text: Financial

text: Sony

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: Semiconductor

text: sales

text: leaders

text: by

text: year

text: and

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: television

text: manufacturer

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: Samsung

text: Electronics

text: LG

text: Electronics

text: and

text: TCL

text: Gaelic football (Irish: "Peil Ghaelach"; short name "Peil" or "Caid"), commonly referred to as football or Gaelic, is an Irish team sport. It is played between two teams of 15 players on a rectangular grass pitch. The objective of the sport is to score by kicking or punching the ball into the other team's goals (3 points) or between two upright posts above the goals and over a crossbar above the ground (1 point).

text: Gaelic

text: football

text: Irish

text: Peil

text: Ghaelach

text: short

text: name

text: Peil

text: or

text: Caid

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: football

text: or

text: Gaelic

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: team

text: sport

text: It

text: is

text: played

text: between

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: players

text: on

text: rectangular

text: grass

text: pitch

text: The

text: objective

text: of

text: the

text: sport

text: is

text: to

text: score

text: by

text: kicking

text: or

text: punching

text: the

text: ball

text: into

text: the

text: other

text: team

text: 's

text: goals

text: points

text: or

text: between

text: two

text: upright

text: posts

text: above

text: the

text: goals

text: and

text: over

text: crossbar

text: above

text: the

text: ground

text: point

text: FIFA Manager ( short : FIFAM ) was an association football series of sport management games published by Electronic Arts . The games were developed by the German studio Bright Future GmbH and EA Sports . The game was called Total Club Manager ( short : TCM ) until the name changed to FIFA Manager with the FIFAM 06 . It was announced FIFA Manager 's last installment was FIFA Manager 14 and that there would be no further editions to the game . Before FIFAM and TCM , EA Sports released FIFA Soccer Manager ( 1997 ) and The FA Premier League Football Manager 99 , 2000 , 2001 and 2002 , but while the first managed to attract some attention , the latter were released when the managing games market for non-Championship Manager titles was close to non-existent , and after two unsuccessful titles , it was dropped . However , by 2001 , several employees of German software house Ascaron , who developed the highly popular Anstoss series in the past moved to EA , and the first game , Fussball Manager 2002 , was released in Germany only , as a test for a potential series . It resembled Anstoss 3 , although on a more serious note ( in Anstoss , players could be abducted by aliens , train in Area 51 or use performance - enhancing drugs ) and fewer financial options ( managers developed by German teams often include deep financial options , such as stock and real estate markets ) . The game had positive reception , and a year later Total Club Manager 2003 was released , with Bobby Robson on the cover ( for the second time , after FIFA Soccer Manager ) . One of the key features of Anstoss 3 was the ability to actually play the games after Anstoss Action was released . Although it could be played as a stand - alone game , it only reached the full potential when used with the manager game . This feature , only present on other games with limited geographical distribution , the Spanish PC Fútbol , was included for buyers of both TCM 2004 and FIFA 2004 , which could use the Football Fusion function . Some fans managed to control games in TCM 2003 by hacking the configuration files , but data loss and corruption was frequent . Celtic manager Martin O'Neill appeared on the cover of TCM 2004 . Criticized by a confusing interface , EA reworked it for TCM 2005 , with a more sleek design . European Champion with former FC Porto and Chelsea manager José Mourinho was selected for the main cover . While the TCM series has been released for Windows , Xbox and PlayStation 2 , the FIFAM series is only available for Windows . The PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions of the game were developed for EA Canada by Budcat Creations .

text: FIFA

text: Manager

text: short

text: FIFAM

text: was

text: an

text: association

text: football

text: series

text: of

text: sport

text: management

text: games

text: published

text: by

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: The

text: games

text: were

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: German

text: studio

text: Bright

text: Future

text: GmbH

text: and

text: EA

text: Sports

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: called

text: Total

text: Club

text: Manager

text: short

text: TCM

text: until

text: the

text: name

text: changed

text: to

text: FIFA

text: Manager

text: with

text: the

text: FIFAM

text: It

text: was

text: announced

text: FIFA

text: Manager

text: 's

text: last

text: installment

text: was

text: FIFA

text: Manager

text: and

text: that

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: further

text: editions

text: to

text: the

text: game

text: Before

text: FIFAM

text: and

text: TCM

text: EA

text: Sports

text: released

text: FIFA

text: Soccer

text: Manager

text: and

text: The

text: FA

text: Premier

text: League

text: Football

text: Manager

text: and

text: but

text: while

text: the

text: first

text: managed

text: to

text: attract

text: some

text: attention

text: the

text: latter

text: were

text: released

text: when

text: the

text: managing

text: games

text: market

text: for

text: non

text: Championship

text: Manager

text: titles

text: was

text: close

text: to

text: non

text: existent

text: and

text: after

text: two

text: unsuccessful

text: titles

text: it

text: was

text: dropped

text: However

text: by

text: several

text: employees

text: of

text: German

text: software

text: house

text: Ascaron

text: who

text: developed

text: the

text: highly

text: popular

text: Anstoss

text: series

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: moved

text: to

text: EA

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: game

text: Fussball

text: Manager

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Germany

text: only

text: as

text: test

text: for

text: potential

text: series

text: It

text: resembled

text: Anstoss

text: although

text: on

text: more

text: serious

text: note

text: in

text: Anstoss

text: players

text: could

text: be

text: abducted

text: by

text: aliens

text: train

text: in

text: Area

text: or

text: use

text: performance

text: enhancing

text: drugs

text: and

text: fewer

text: financial

text: options

text: managers

text: developed

text: by

text: German

text: teams

text: often

text: include

text: deep

text: financial

text: options

text: such

text: as

text: stock

text: and

text: real

text: estate

text: markets

text: The

text: game

text: had

text: positive

text: reception

text: and

text: year

text: later

text: Total

text: Club

text: Manager

text: was

text: released

text: with

text: Bobby

text: Robson

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: for

text: the

text: second

text: time

text: after

text: FIFA

text: Soccer

text: Manager

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: key

text: features

text: of

text: Anstoss

text: was

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: actually

text: play

text: the

text: games

text: after

text: Anstoss

text: Action

text: was

text: released

text: Although

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: played

text: as

text: stand

text: alone

text: game

text: it

text: only

text: reached

text: the

text: full

text: potential

text: when

text: used

text: with

text: the

text: manager

text: game

text: This

text: feature

text: only

text: present

text: on

text: other

text: games

text: with

text: limited

text: geographical

text: distribution

text: the

text: Spanish

text: PC

text: Fútbol

text: was

text: included

text: for

text: buyers

text: of

text: both

text: TCM

text: and

text: FIFA

text: which

text: could

text: use

text: the

text: Football

text: Fusion

text: function

text: Some

text: fans

text: managed

text: to

text: control

text: games

text: in

text: TCM

text: by

text: hacking

text: the

text: configuration

text: files

text: but

text: data

text: loss

text: and

text: corruption

text: was

text: frequent

text: Celtic

text: manager

text: Martin

text: O'Neill

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: TCM

text: Criticized

text: by

text: confusing

text: interface

text: EA

text: reworked

text: it

text: for

text: TCM

text: with

text: more

text: sleek

text: design

text: European

text: Champion

text: with

text: former

text: FC

text: Porto

text: and

text: Chelsea

text: manager

text: José

text: Mourinho

text: was

text: selected

text: for

text: the

text: main

text: cover

text: While

text: the

text: TCM

text: series

text: has

text: been

text: released

text: for

text: Windows

text: Xbox

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: the

text: FIFAM

text: series

text: is

text: only

text: available

text: for

text: Windows

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: and

text: Xbox

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: were

text: developed

text: for

text: EA

text: Canada

text: by

text: Budcat

text: Creations

text: Microsoft Corporation (commonly referred to as Microsoft or MS) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington, that develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics and personal computers and services. Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, Microsoft Office office suite, and Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers. Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup. As of 2016, it was the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.

text: Microsoft

text: Corporation

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Microsoft

text: or

text: MS

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: multinational

text: technology

text: company

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Redmond

text: Washington

text: that

text: develops

text: manufactures

text: licenses

text: supports

text: and

text: sells

text: computer

text: software

text: consumer

text: electronics

text: and

text: personal

text: computers

text: and

text: services

text: Its

text: best

text: known

text: software

text: products

text: are

text: the

text: Microsoft

text: Windows

text: line

text: of

text: operating

text: systems

text: Microsoft

text: Office

text: office

text: suite

text: and

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: and

text: Edge

text: web

text: browsers

text: Its

text: flagship

text: hardware

text: products

text: are

text: the

text: Xbox

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: and

text: the

text: Microsoft

text: Surface

text: tablet

text: lineup

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: software

text: maker

text: by

text: revenue

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: valuable

text: companies

text:
Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers responsible for its games. As of 2014, Electronic Arts was the world's fourth-largest gaming company by revenue after Tencent, Sony and Microsoft
The company sparked controversies over its advertising efforts, and acquisition of other studios.

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: Inc.

text: EA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: video

text: game

text: company

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Redwood

text: City

text: California

text: Founded

text: and

text: incorporated

text: on

text: May

text: by

text: Trip

text: Hawkins

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: pioneer

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: home

text: computer

text: games

text: industry

text: and

text: was

text: notable

text: for

text: promoting

text: the

text: designers

text: and

text: programmers

text: responsible

text: for

text: its

text: games

text: As

text: of

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: gaming

text: company

text: by

text: revenue

text: after

text: Tencent

text: Sony

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: The

text: company

text: sparked

text: controversies

text: over

text: its

text: advertising

text: efforts

text: and

text: acquisition

text: of

text: other

text: studios

text: Redwood City is a city on the San Francisco Peninsula in Northern California's Bay Area, approximately south of San Francisco, and north of San Jose. Redwood City's history spans its earliest inhabitation by the Ohlone people to being a port for lumber and other goods. The county seat of San Mateo County, it is the home of several technology companies such as Box, Oracle, Evernote, Wealthfront, and Electronic Arts. At the 2010 census, the city had a population of 76,815. The Port of Redwood City is the only deepwater port on San Francisco Bay south of San Francisco. Redwood City is the location of the San Mateo County Jail, for both women and men. The Malibu Grand Prix long time landmark was recently demolished along with the city's only Mini Golf, Go-Kart, Video Game Arcade, and Batting Cages. Malibu Grand Prix's previous location is currently the construction site of a new additional Jail and Inmate housing facility. The city has a motto "Climate Best By Government Test" which is a reference to it being one of the top German scouted scientific climates and the city was one of the locations mapped by them during their testing and data collection. The Hetch Hetchy water pipeline runs through Redwood City and supplies a vast majority of the surrounding area with low grain (+/ 3 grains) rated water.

text: Redwood

text: City

text: is

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: Northern

text: California

text: 's

text: Bay

text: Area

text: approximately

text: south

text: of

text: San

text: Francisco

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: San

text: Jose

text: Redwood

text: City

text: 's

text: history

text: spans

text: its

text: earliest

text: inhabitation

text: by

text: the

text: Ohlone

text: people

text: to

text: being

text: port

text: for

text: lumber

text: and

text: other

text: goods

text: The

text: county

text: seat

text: of

text: San

text: Mateo

text: County

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: several

text: technology

text: companies

text: such

text: as

text: Box

text: Oracle

text: Evernote

text: Wealthfront

text: and

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: At

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: Port

text: of

text: Redwood

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: deepwater

text: port

text: on

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Bay

text: south

text: of

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Redwood

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: San

text: Mateo

text: County

text: Jail

text: for

text: both

text: women

text: and

text: men

text: The

text: Malibu

text: Grand

text: Prix

text: long

text: time

text: landmark

text: was

text: recently

text: demolished

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: only

text: Mini

text: Golf

text: Go

text: Kart

text: Video

text: Game

text: Arcade

text: and

text: Batting

text: Cages

text: Malibu

text: Grand

text: Prix

text: 's

text: previous

text: location

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: construction

text: site

text: of

text: new

text: additional

text: Jail

text: and

text: Inmate

text: housing

text: facility

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: motto

text: Climate

text: Best

text: By

text: Government

text: Test

text: which

text: is

text: reference

text: to

text: it

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: German

text: scouted

text: scientific

text: climates

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: locations

text: mapped

text: by

text: them

text: during

text: their

text: testing

text: and

text: data

text: collection

text: The

text: Hetch

text: Hetchy

text: water

text: pipeline

text: runs

text: through

text: Redwood

text: City

text: and

text: supplies

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: surrounding

text: area

text: with

text: low

text: grain

text: grains

text: rated

text: water

text: Rugby league football, usually called rugby league, is a full contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field. One of the two codes of rugby football, it originated in England in 1895 as a split from the Rugby Football Union over the issue of payments to players. Its rules gradually changed with the aim of producing a faster, more entertaining game for spectators.

text: Rugby

text: league

text: football

text: usually

text: called

text: rugby

text: league

text: is

text: full

text: contact

text: sport

text: played

text: by

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: thirteen

text: players

text: on

text: rectangular

text: field

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: codes

text: of

text: rugby

text: football

text: it

text: originated

text: in

text: England

text: in

text: as

text: split

text: from

text: the

text: Rugby

text: Football

text: Union

text: over

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: payments

text: to

text: players

text: Its

text: rules

text: gradually

text: changed

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: producing

text: faster

text: more

text: entertaining

text: game

text: for

text: spectators

text: Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s. They were marketed to consumers as affordable and accessible computers that, for the first time, were intended for the use of a single nontechnical user. These computers were a distinct market segment that typically cost much less than business, scientific or engineering-oriented computers of the time such as the IBM PC, and were generally less powerful in terms of memory and expandability. However, a home computer often had better graphics and sound than contemporaneous business computers. Their most common uses were playing video games, but they were also regularly used for word processing, doing homework, and programming.

text: Home

text: computers

text: were

text: class

text: of

text: microcomputers

text: entering

text: the

text: market

text: in

text: and

text: becoming

text: common

text: during

text: the

text: They

text: were

text: marketed

text: to

text: consumers

text: as

text: affordable

text: and

text: accessible

text: computers

text: that

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: were

text: intended

text: for

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: single

text: nontechnical

text: user

text: These

text: computers

text: were

text: distinct

text: market

text: segment

text: that

text: typically

text: cost

text: much

text: less

text: than

text: business

text: scientific

text: or

text: engineering

text: oriented

text: computers

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: IBM

text: PC

text: and

text: were

text: generally

text: less

text: powerful

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: memory

text: and

text: expandability

text: However

text: home

text: computer

text: often

text: had

text: better

text: graphics

text: and

text: sound

text: than

text: contemporaneous

text: business

text: computers

text: Their

text: most

text: common

text: uses

text: were

text: playing

text: video

text: games

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: also

text: regularly

text: used

text: for

text: word

text: processing

text: doing

text: homework

text: and

text: programming

text: Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport. The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end. The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.

text: Association

text: football

text: more

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: football

text: or

text: soccer

text: is

text: team

text: sport

text: played

text: between

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: eleven

text: players

text: with

text: spherical

text: ball

text: It

text: is

text: played

text: by

text: million

text: players

text: in

text: over

text: countries

text: and

text: dependencies

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: popular

text: sport

text: The

text: game

text: is

text: played

text: on

text: rectangular

text: field

text: with

text: goal

text: at

text: each

text: end

text: The

text: object

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: is

text: to

text: score

text: by

text: getting

text: the

text: ball

text: into

text: the

text: opposing

text: goal

text: Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball with the foot to score a goal. Unqualified, the word "football" is understood to refer to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears. Sports commonly called 'football' in certain places include: association football (known as soccer in some countries); gridiron football (specifically American football or Canadian football); Australian rules football; rugby football (either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic football. These different variations of football are known as football codes.

text: Football

text: is

text: family

text: of

text: team

text: sports

text: that

text: involve

text: to

text: varying

text: degrees

text: kicking

text: ball

text: with

text: the

text: foot

text: to

text: score

text: goal

text: Unqualified

text: the

text: word

text: football

text: is

text: understood

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: whichever

text: form

text: of

text: football

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: regional

text: context

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: word

text: appears

text: Sports

text: commonly

text: called

text: football

text: in

text: certain

text: places

text: include

text: association

text: football

text: known

text: as

text: soccer

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: gridiron

text: football

text: specifically

text: American

text: football

text: or

text: Canadian

text: football

text: Australian

text: rules

text: football

text: rugby

text: football

text: either

text: rugby

text: league

text: or

text: rugby

text: union

text: and

text: Gaelic

text: football

text: These

text: different

text: variations

text: of

text: football

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: football

text: codes

text: John Earl Madden (born April 10, 1936) is a former American football coach and broadcaster for the National Football League. He won a Super Bowl as head coach of the Oakland Raiders in the American Football Conference of the NFL, and after retiring from coaching became a well-known color commentator for NFL telecasts. In 2006, he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in recognition of his coaching career. He is also widely known for the long-running "Madden NFL" video game series he has endorsed and fronted since 1988. Madden worked as a color analyst for all four major networks: CBS (19791993), Fox (19942001), ABC (20022005), and NBC (20062009).

text: John

text: Earl

text: Madden

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: former

text: American

text: football

text: coach

text: and

text: broadcaster

text: for

text: the

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: He

text: won

text: Super

text: Bowl

text: as

text: head

text: coach

text: of

text: the

text: Oakland

text: Raiders

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: Football

text: Conference

text: of

text: the

text: NFL

text: and

text: after

text: retiring

text: from

text: coaching

text: became

text: well

text: known

text: color

text: commentator

text: for

text: NFL

text: telecasts

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: inducted

text: into

text: the

text: Pro

text: Football

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: in

text: recognition

text: of

text: his

text: coaching

text: career

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: widely

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: long

text: running

text: Madden

text: NFL

text: video

text: game

text: series

text: he

text: has

text: endorsed

text: and

text: fronted

text: since

text: Madden

text: worked

text: as

text: color

text: analyst

text: for

text: all

text: four

text: major

text: networks

text: CBS

text: Fox

text: ABC

text: and

text: NBC

text: Rugby union, or simply rugby, is a contact team sport which originated in England in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In its most common form, a game is between two teams of 15 players using an oval-shaped ball on a rectangular field with H-shaped goalposts on each try line.

text: Rugby

text: union

text: or

text: simply

text: rugby

text: is

text: contact

text: team

text: sport

text: which

text: originated

text: in

text: England

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: codes

text: of

text: rugby

text: football

text: it

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: running

text: with

text: the

text: ball

text: in

text: hand

text: In

text: its

text: most

text: common

text: form

text: game

text: is

text: between

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: players

text: using

text: an

text: oval

text: shaped

text: ball

text: on

text: rectangular

text: field

text: with

text: shaped

text: goalposts

text: on

text: each

text: try

text: line

text: Madden NFL (known as John Madden Football before 1993) is an American football video game series developed by EA Tiburon for EA Sports. It is named after Pro Football Hall of Famer John Madden, a well-known former Super Bowlwinning coach of the Oakland Raiders and color commentator. The series has sold more than 100 million copies, and influenced many players and coaches of the physical sport. Among the game's realistic features are sophisticated playbooks and player statistics, and voice commentary that allows players to hear the game as if it were a real TV broadcast. As of September 2013, the franchise generated over $4 billion in revenue.

text: Madden

text: NFL

text: known

text: as

text: John

text: Madden

text: Football

text: before

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: football

text: video

text: game

text: series

text: developed

text: by

text: EA

text: Tiburon

text: for

text: EA

text: Sports

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Pro

text: Football

text: Hall

text: of

text: Famer

text: John

text: Madden

text: well

text: known

text: former

text: Super

text: Bowlwinning

text: coach

text: of

text: the

text: Oakland

text: Raiders

text: and

text: color

text: commentator

text: The

text: series

text: has

text: sold

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: copies

text: and

text: influenced

text: many

text: players

text: and

text: coaches

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: sport

text: Among

text: the

text: game

text: 's

text: realistic

text: features

text: are

text: sophisticated

text: playbooks

text: and

text: player

text: statistics

text: and

text: voice

text: commentary

text: that

text: allows

text: players

text: to

text: hear

text: the

text: game

text: as

text: if

text: it

text: were

text: real

text: TV

text: broadcast

text: As

text: of

text: September

text: the

text: franchise

text: generated

text: over

text: billion

text: in

text: revenue

text: The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events. Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003. NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization. The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the Whelen Modified Tour, the Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series. NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada. NASCAR has presented exhibition races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.

text: The

text: National

text: Association

text: for

text: Stock

text: Car

text: Auto

text: Racing

text: NASCAR

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: family

text: owned

text: and

text: operated

text: business

text: venture

text: that

text: sanctions

text: and

text: governs

text: multiple

text: auto

text: racing

text: sports

text: events

text: Bill

text: France

text: Sr

text: founded

text: the

text: company

text: in

text: and

text: his

text: grandson

text: Brian

text: France

text: became

text: its

text: CEO

text: in

text: NASCAR

text: is

text: motorsport

text: 's

text: preeminent

text: stock

text: car

text: racing

text: organization

text: The

text: three

text: largest

text: racing

text: series

text: sanctioned

text: by

text: this

text: company

text: are

text: the

text: Monster

text: Energy

text: NASCAR

text: Cup

text: Series

text: the

text: Xfinity

text: Series

text: and

text: the

text: Camping

text: World

text: Truck

text: Series

text: The

text: company

text: also

text: oversees

text: NASCAR

text: Local

text: Racing

text: the

text: Whelen

text: Modified

text: Tour

text: the

text: Whelen

text: All

text: American

text: Series

text: and

text: the

text: NASCAR

text: iRacing.com

text: Series

text: NASCAR

text: sanctions

text: over

text: races

text: at

text: over

text: tracks

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: states

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: Canada

text: NASCAR

text: has

text: presented

text: exhibition

text: races

text: at

text: the

text: Suzuka

text: and

text: Motegi

text: circuits

text: in

text: Japan

text: the

text: Autódromo

text: Hermanos

text: Rodríguez

text: in

text: Mexico

text: and

text: the

text: Calder

text: Park

text: Thunderdome

text: in

text: Australia

text: Trip Hawkins (born December 28, 1953) is an American entrepreneur and founder of Electronic Arts, The 3DO Company, and Digital Chocolate.

text: Trip

text: Hawkins

text: born

text: December

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: entrepreneur

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: The

text: Company

text: and

text: Digital

text: Chocolate

text: The (FIFA ; "International Federation of Association Football") is the international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer. FIFA is responsible for the organisation of football's major international tournaments, notably the World Cup which commenced in 1930 and the Women's World Cup which commenced in 1991.

text: The

text: FIFA

text: International

text: Federation

text: of

text: Association

text: Football

text: is

text: the

text: international

text: governing

text: body

text: of

text: association

text: football

text: futsal

text: and

text: beach

text: soccer

text: FIFA

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: organisation

text: of

text: football

text: 's

text: major

text: international

text: tournaments

text: notably

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: which

text: commenced

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Women

text: 's

text: World

text: Cup

text: which

text: commenced

text: in

text: EA Sports (stylized as EA SPORTS) is a brand of Electronic Arts that creates and develops sports video games. Formerly a marketing gimmick of Electronic Arts, in which they tried to imitate real-life sports networks by calling themselves the "EA Sports Network" (EASN) with pictures or endorsements with real commentators such as John Madden, it soon grew up to become a sub-label on its own, releasing game series such as "NBA Live", "FIFA", "NHL", "Madden NFL", and "NASCAR". The best selling EA Sports series is the "FIFA" series with over 100 million units sold.

text: EA

text: Sports

text: stylized

text: as

text: EA

text: SPORTS

text: is

text: brand

text: of

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: that

text: creates

text: and

text: develops

text: sports

text: video

text: games

text: Formerly

text: marketing

text: gimmick

text: of

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: tried

text: to

text: imitate

text: real

text: life

text: sports

text: networks

text: by

text: calling

text: themselves

text: the

text: EA

text: Sports

text: Network

text: EASN

text: with

text: pictures

text: or

text: endorsements

text: with

text: real

text: commentators

text: such

text: as

text: John

text: Madden

text: it

text: soon

text: grew

text: up

text: to

text: become

text: sub

text: label

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: releasing

text: game

text: series

text: such

text: as

text: NBA

text: Live

text: FIFA

text: NHL

text: Madden

text: NFL

text: and

text: NASCAR

text: The

text: best

text: selling

text: EA

text: Sports

text: series

text: is

text: the

text: FIFA

text: series

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: units

text: sold

question: publication_date fifa manager

answer: 2006


text: The Times Group also called Bennett Coleman & Co. Ltd (BCCL) is Indias largest media conglomerate, according to "Financial Times" as of March 2015. The Audit Bureau of Circulations reported in May 2014 that the "Times of India" had the largest circulation of any English-language newspaper in the world, with 3,321,702 average qualifying sales. The company remains a family-owned business as the descendants of Sahu Jain own a majority stake in The Times Group. The Times Group has over 11,000 employees and revenue exceeding $1.5 billion.

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: also

text: called

text: Bennett

text: Coleman

text: Co.

text: Ltd

text: BCCL

text: is

text: Indias

text: largest

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: according

text: to

text: Financial

text: Times

text: as

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: Audit

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Circulations

text: reported

text: in

text: May

text: that

text: the

text: Times

text: of

text: India

text: had

text: the

text: largest

text: circulation

text: of

text: any

text: English

text: language

text: newspaper

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: average

text: qualifying

text: sales

text: The

text: company

text: remains

text: family

text: owned

text: business

text: as

text: the

text: descendants

text: of

text: Sahu

text: Jain

text: own

text: majority

text: stake

text: in

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: has

text: over

text: employees

text: and

text: revenue

text: exceeding

text: billion

text: The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper. It is the third-largest newspaper in India by circulation and largest selling English-language daily in the world according to Audit Bureau of Circulations (India). It is the oldest English-language newspaper in India still in circulation, with its first edition published in 1838. In 1991, the BBC ranked "The Times of India" among the world's six best newspapers.

text: The

text: Times

text: of

text: India

text: TOI

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: English

text: language

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: newspaper

text: in

text: India

text: by

text: circulation

text: and

text: largest

text: selling

text: English

text: language

text: daily

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: according

text: to

text: Audit

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Circulations

text: India

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: English

text: language

text: newspaper

text: in

text: India

text: still

text: in

text: circulation

text: with

text: its

text: first

text: edition

text: published

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: BBC

text: ranked

text: The

text: Times

text: of

text: India

text: among

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: six

text: best

text: newspapers

text: A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out an arbitrary set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. The ability of computers to follow a sequence of operations, called a "program", make computers very flexible and useful. Such computers are used as control systems for a very wide variety of industrial and consumer devices. This includes simple special purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, factory devices such as industrial robots and computer assisted design, but also in general purpose devices like personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones. The Internet is run on computers and it connects millions of other computers.

text: computer

text: is

text: device

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: instructed

text: to

text: carry

text: out

text: an

text: arbitrary

text: set

text: of

text: arithmetic

text: or

text: logical

text: operations

text: automatically

text: The

text: ability

text: of

text: computers

text: to

text: follow

text: sequence

text: of

text: operations

text: called

text: program

text: make

text: computers

text: very

text: flexible

text: and

text: useful

text: Such

text: computers

text: are

text: used

text: as

text: control

text: systems

text: for

text: very

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: industrial

text: and

text: consumer

text: devices

text: This

text: includes

text: simple

text: special

text: purpose

text: devices

text: like

text: microwave

text: ovens

text: and

text: remote

text: controls

text: factory

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: industrial

text: robots

text: and

text: computer

text: assisted

text: design

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: general

text: purpose

text: devices

text: like

text: personal

text: computers

text: and

text: mobile

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: smartphones

text: The

text: Internet

text: is

text: run

text: on

text: computers

text: and

text: it

text: connects

text: millions

text: of

text: other

text: computers

text: A synthesizer (often abbreviated as synth, also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates electric signals that are converted to sound through instrument amplifiers and loudspeakers or headphones. Synthesizers may either imitate instruments like piano, Hammond organ, flute, vocals; natural sounds like ocean waves, etc.; or generate new electronic timbres. They are often played with a musical keyboard, but they can be controlled via a variety of other input devices, including music sequencers, instrument controllers, fingerboards, guitar synthesizers, wind controllers, and electronic drums. Synthesizers without built-in controllers are often called "sound modules", and are controlled via MIDI or CV/Gate using a controller device, often a MIDI keyboard or other controller.

text: synthesizer

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: synth

text: also

text: spelled

text: synthesiser

text: is

text: an

text: electronic

text: musical

text: instrument

text: that

text: generates

text: electric

text: signals

text: that

text: are

text: converted

text: to

text: sound

text: through

text: instrument

text: amplifiers

text: and

text: loudspeakers

text: or

text: headphones

text: Synthesizers

text: may

text: either

text: imitate

text: instruments

text: like

text: piano

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: flute

text: vocals

text: natural

text: sounds

text: like

text: ocean

text: waves

text: etc

text: or

text: generate

text: new

text: electronic

text: timbres

text: They

text: are

text: often

text: played

text: with

text: musical

text: keyboard

text: but

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: controlled

text: via

text: variety

text: of

text: other

text: input

text: devices

text: including

text: music

text: sequencers

text: instrument

text: controllers

text: fingerboards

text: guitar

text: synthesizers

text: wind

text: controllers

text: and

text: electronic

text: drums

text: Synthesizers

text: without

text: built

text: in

text: controllers

text: are

text: often

text: called

text: sound

text: modules

text: and

text: are

text: controlled

text: via

text: MIDI

text: or

text: CV

text: Gate

text: using

text: controller

text: device

text: often

text: MIDI

text: keyboard

text: or

text: other

text: controller

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: Allah - Rakha Rahman ( pronunciation , born A. S. Dileep Kumar on 6 January 1967 ) is an Indian composer , singer - songwriter , music producer , musician and philanthropist . Rahman 's works are noted for integrating Eastern classical music with electronic music , world music and traditional orchestral arrangements . Among his awards are two Academy Awards , two Grammy Awards , a BAFTA Award , a Golden Globe , four National Film Awards , fifteen Filmfare Awards and thirteen Filmfare Awards South . Rahman 's body of work for film and stage has given him the nickname of `` the Mozart of Madras '' , and Tamil commentators and fans call him Isai Puyal ( English : the Musical Storm ) . In 2009 , Time included Rahman on its list of the world 's most influential people . The UK - based world - music magazine Songlines named him one of `` Tomorrow 's World Music Icons '' in August 2011 . With an in - house studio ( Panchathan Record Inn in Chennai ) Rahman 's film - scoring career began during the early 1990s with the Tamil film Roja . Working in India 's film industries , international cinema and theatre , Rahman is one of the world 's all - time best - selling recording artists . In a notable two - decade career , he has been acclaimed for redefining contemporary Indian film music and contributing to the success of several films . Rahman has become a notable humanitarian and philanthropist , donating and raising money for a number of causes and charities .

text: Allah

text: Rakha

text: Rahman

text: pronunciation

text: born

text: Dileep

text: Kumar

text: on

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: composer

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: music

text: producer

text: musician

text: and

text: philanthropist

text: Rahman

text: 's

text: works

text: are

text: noted

text: for

text: integrating

text: Eastern

text: classical

text: music

text: with

text: electronic

text: music

text: world

text: music

text: and

text: traditional

text: orchestral

text: arrangements

text: Among

text: his

text: awards

text: are

text: two

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: two

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: BAFTA

text: Award

text: Golden

text: Globe

text: four

text: National

text: Film

text: Awards

text: fifteen

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: and

text: thirteen

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: South

text: Rahman

text: 's

text: body

text: of

text: work

text: for

text: film

text: and

text: stage

text: has

text: given

text: him

text: the

text: nickname

text: of

text: the

text: Mozart

text: of

text: Madras

text: and

text: Tamil

text: commentators

text: and

text: fans

text: call

text: him

text: Isai

text: Puyal

text: English

text: the

text: Musical

text: Storm

text: In

text: Time

text: included

text: Rahman

text: on

text: its

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: influential

text: people

text: The

text: UK

text: based

text: world

text: music

text: magazine

text: Songlines

text: named

text: him

text: one

text: of

text: Tomorrow

text: 's

text: World

text: Music

text: Icons

text: in

text: August

text: With

text: an

text: in

text: house

text: studio

text: Panchathan

text: Record

text: Inn

text: in

text: Chennai

text: Rahman

text: 's

text: film

text: scoring

text: career

text: began

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: with

text: the

text: Tamil

text: film

text: Roja

text: Working

text: in

text: India

text: 's

text: film

text: industries

text: international

text: cinema

text: and

text: theatre

text: Rahman

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: all

text: time

text: best

text: selling

text: recording

text: artists

text: In

text: notable

text: two

text: decade

text: career

text: he

text: has

text: been

text: acclaimed

text: for

text: redefining

text: contemporary

text: Indian

text: film

text: music

text: and

text: contributing

text: to

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: several

text: films

text: Rahman

text: has

text: become

text: notable

text: humanitarian

text: and

text: philanthropist

text: donating

text: and

text: raising

text: money

text: for

text: number

text: of

text: causes

text: and

text: charities

text: The Hammond organ is an electric organ, invented by Laurens Hammond and John M. Hanert and first manufactured in 1935. Various models have been produced, most of which use sliding drawbars to create a variety of sounds. Until 1975, Hammond organs generated sound by creating an electric current from rotating a metal tonewheel near an electromagnetic pickup, and then strengthening the signal with an amplifier so that it can drive a speaker cabinet. Around two million Hammond organs have been manufactured. The organ is commonly used with, and associated with, the Leslie speaker.

text: The

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: is

text: an

text: electric

text: organ

text: invented

text: by

text: Laurens

text: Hammond

text: and

text: John

text: Hanert

text: and

text: first

text: manufactured

text: in

text: Various

text: models

text: have

text: been

text: produced

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: sliding

text: drawbars

text: to

text: create

text: variety

text: of

text: sounds

text: Until

text: Hammond

text: organs

text: generated

text: sound

text: by

text: creating

text: an

text: electric

text: current

text: from

text: rotating

text: metal

text: tonewheel

text: near

text: an

text: electromagnetic

text: pickup

text: and

text: then

text: strengthening

text: the

text: signal

text: with

text: an

text: amplifier

text: so

text: that

text: it

text: can

text: drive

text: speaker

text: cabinet

text: Around

text: two

text: million

text: Hammond

text: organs

text: have

text: been

text: manufactured

text: The

text: organ

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: with

text: and

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Leslie

text: speaker

text: The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post production, film festivals, distribution; and actors, film directors and other film crew personnel.

text: The

text: film

text: industry

text: or

text: motion

text: picture

text: industry

text: comprises

text: the

text: technological

text: and

text: commercial

text: institutions

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: i.e.

text: film

text: production

text: companies

text: film

text: studios

text: cinematography

text: film

text: production

text: screenwriting

text: pre

text: production

text: post

text: production

text: film

text: festivals

text: distribution

text: and

text: actors

text: film

text: directors

text: and

text: other

text: film

text: crew

text: personnel

text: The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) is a professional honorary organization with the stated goal of advancing the arts and sciences of motion pictures. The Academy's corporate management and general policies are overseen by a Board of Governors, which includes representatives from each of the craft branches.

text: The

text: Academy

text: of

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Arts

text: and

text: Sciences

text: AMPAS

text: is

text: professional

text: honorary

text: organization

text: with

text: the

text: stated

text: goal

text: of

text: advancing

text: the

text: arts

text: and

text: sciences

text: of

text: motion

text: pictures

text: The

text: Academy

text: 's

text: corporate

text: management

text: and

text: general

text: policies

text: are

text: overseen

text: by

text: Board

text: of

text: Governors

text: which

text: includes

text: representatives

text: from

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: craft

text: branches

text: Hyderabad (; often ) is the capital of the southern Indian state of Telangana and "de jure" capital of Andhra Pradesh. Occupying along the banks of the Musi River, it has a population of about and a metropolitan population of about , making it the fourth most populous city and sixth most populous urban agglomeration in India. At an average altitude of , much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes, including Hussain Sagarpredating the city's foundingnorth of the city centre.

text: Hyderabad

text: often

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Telangana

text: and

text: de

text: jure

text: capital

text: of

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: Occupying

text: along

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Musi

text: River

text: it

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomeration

text: in

text: India

text: At

text: an

text: average

text: altitude

text: of

text: much

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: hilly

text: terrain

text: around

text: artificial

text: lakes

text: including

text: Hussain

text: Sagarpredating

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: foundingnorth

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: The theremin (originally known as the ætherphone/etherphone, thereminophone or termenvox/thereminvox) is an early electronic musical instrument controlled without physical contact by the thereminist (performer). It is named after the Westernized name of its Russian inventor, Léon Theremin (é), who patented the device in 1928.

text: The

text: theremin

text: originally

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: ætherphone

text: etherphone

text: thereminophone

text: or

text: termenvox

text: thereminvox

text: is

text: an

text: early

text: electronic

text: musical

text: instrument

text: controlled

text: without

text: physical

text: contact

text: by

text: the

text: thereminist

text: performer

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Westernized

text: name

text: of

text: its

text: Russian

text: inventor

text: Léon

text: Theremin

text: é

text: who

text: patented

text: the

text: device

text: in

text: Filmfare is an English-language, tabloid-sized magazine about Hindi-language cinema, popularly known as Bollywood. Established in 1952, the magazine is published by Worldwide Media, a subsidiary of The Times Group, India's largest media services conglomerate. "Filmfare" is one of the most popular entertainment magazine in India. Since 1954, it gives popular film awards the annual Filmfare Awards and Filmfare Awards South.

text: Filmfare

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: language

text: tabloid

text: sized

text: magazine

text: about

text: Hindi

text: language

text: cinema

text: popularly

text: known

text: as

text: Bollywood

text: Established

text: in

text: the

text: magazine

text: is

text: published

text: by

text: Worldwide

text: Media

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: India

text: 's

text: largest

text: media

text: services

text: conglomerate

text: Filmfare

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: entertainment

text: magazine

text: in

text: India

text: Since

text: it

text: gives

text: popular

text: film

text: awards

text: the

text: annual

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: and

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: South

text: An electric guitar is a fretted string instrument that uses a pickup to convert the vibration of its stringswhich are typically made of steel, and which occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks or fingerpicks the stringsinto electrical signals. The vibrations of the strings are sensed by a pickup, of which the most common type is the magnetic pickup, which uses the principle of direct electromagnetic induction. The signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is plugged into a guitar amplifier before being sent to a loudspeaker, which makes a sound loud enough to hear. The output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, and the signal can easily be altered by electronic circuits to add "color" to the sound or change the sound. Often the signal is modified using effects such as reverb and distortion and "overdrive", with the latter being a key element of the sound of the electric guitar as it is used in blues and rock music.

text: An

text: electric

text: guitar

text: is

text: fretted

text: string

text: instrument

text: that

text: uses

text: pickup

text: to

text: convert

text: the

text: vibration

text: of

text: its

text: stringswhich

text: are

text: typically

text: made

text: of

text: steel

text: and

text: which

text: occurs

text: when

text: guitarist

text: strums

text: plucks

text: or

text: fingerpicks

text: the

text: stringsinto

text: electrical

text: signals

text: The

text: vibrations

text: of

text: the

text: strings

text: are

text: sensed

text: by

text: pickup

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: type

text: is

text: the

text: magnetic

text: pickup

text: which

text: uses

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: direct

text: electromagnetic

text: induction

text: The

text: signal

text: generated

text: by

text: an

text: electric

text: guitar

text: is

text: too

text: weak

text: to

text: drive

text: loudspeaker

text: so

text: it

text: is

text: plugged

text: into

text: guitar

text: amplifier

text: before

text: being

text: sent

text: to

text: loudspeaker

text: which

text: makes

text: sound

text: loud

text: enough

text: to

text: hear

text: The

text: output

text: of

text: an

text: electric

text: guitar

text: is

text: an

text: electric

text: signal

text: and

text: the

text: signal

text: can

text: easily

text: be

text: altered

text: by

text: electronic

text: circuits

text: to

text: add

text: color

text: to

text: the

text: sound

text: or

text: change

text: the

text: sound

text: Often

text: the

text: signal

text: is

text: modified

text: using

text: effects

text: such

text: as

text: reverb

text: and

text: distortion

text: and

text: overdrive

text: with

text: the

text: latter

text: being

text: key

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: sound

text: of

text: the

text: electric

text: guitar

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: music

text: Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. These forms and styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no musical training. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or "folk" music. Art music was historically disseminated through the performances of written music, although since the beginning of the recording industry, it is also disseminated through recordings. Traditional music forms such as early blues songs or hymns were passed along orally, or to smaller, local audiences.

text: Popular

text: music

text: is

text: music

text: with

text: wide

text: appeal

text: that

text: is

text: typically

text: distributed

text: to

text: large

text: audiences

text: through

text: the

text: music

text: industry

text: These

text: forms

text: and

text: styles

text: can

text: be

text: enjoyed

text: and

text: performed

text: by

text: people

text: with

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: musical

text: training

text: It

text: stands

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: both

text: art

text: music

text: and

text: traditional

text: or

text: folk

text: music

text: Art

text: music

text: was

text: historically

text: disseminated

text: through

text: the

text: performances

text: of

text: written

text: music

text: although

text: since

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: recording

text: industry

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: disseminated

text: through

text: recordings

text: Traditional

text: music

text: forms

text: such

text: as

text: early

text: blues

text: songs

text: or

text: hymns

text: were

text: passed

text: along

text: orally

text: or

text: to

text: smaller

text: local

text: audiences

text: Chennai ; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India. According to the 2011 Indian census, it is the sixth-largest city and fourth-most populous urban agglomeration in India. The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 36th-largest urban area by population in the world. Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015. The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India. Chennai attracts 45 percent of health tourists visiting India, and 30 to 40 percent of domestic health tourists. As such, it is termed "India's health capital". As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio-economic problems.

text: Chennai

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Madras

text: or

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: Coromandel

text: Coast

text: off

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: biggest

text: cultural

text: economic

text: and

text: educational

text: centres

text: in

text: South

text: India

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Indian

text: census

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomeration

text: in

text: India

text: The

text: city

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: adjoining

text: regions

text: constitute

text: the

text: Chennai

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: by

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Chennai

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: visited

text: Indian

text: cities

text: by

text: foreign

text: tourists

text: It

text: was

text: ranked

text: most

text: visited

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: for

text: year

text: The

text: Quality

text: of

text: Living

text: Survey

text: rated

text: Chennai

text: as

text: the

text: safest

text: city

text: in

text: India

text: Chennai

text: attracts

text: percent

text: of

text: health

text: tourists

text: visiting

text: India

text: and

text: to

text: percent

text: of

text: domestic

text: health

text: tourists

text: As

text: such

text: it

text: is

text: termed

text: India

text: 's

text: health

text: capital

text: As

text: growing

text: metropolitan

text: city

text: in

text: developing

text: country

text: Chennai

text: confronts

text: substantial

text: pollution

text: and

text: other

text: logistical

text: and

text: socio

text: economic

text: problems

text: The Telharmonium (also known as the Dynamophone) was an early electrical organ, developed by Thaddeus Cahill circa 1896 and patented in 1897. The electrical signal from the Telharmonium was transmitted over wires; it was heard on the receiving end by means of "horn" speakers.

text: The

text: Telharmonium

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Dynamophone

text: was

text: an

text: early

text: electrical

text: organ

text: developed

text: by

text: Thaddeus

text: Cahill

text: circa

text: and

text: patented

text: in

text: The

text: electrical

text: signal

text: from

text: the

text: Telharmonium

text: was

text: transmitted

text: over

text: wires

text: it

text: was

text: heard

text: on

text: the

text: receiving

text: end

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: horn

text: speakers

text: World music is a musical category encompassing many different styles of music from around the globe, which includes many genres including some forms of Western music represented by folk music, as well as selected forms of ethnic music, indigenous music, neotraditional music, and music where more than one cultural tradition, such as when ethnic music and Western popular music intermingle.

text: World

text: music

text: is

text: musical

text: category

text: encompassing

text: many

text: different

text: styles

text: of

text: music

text: from

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: which

text: includes

text: many

text: genres

text: including

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: Western

text: music

text: represented

text: by

text: folk

text: music

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: selected

text: forms

text: of

text: ethnic

text: music

text: indigenous

text: music

text: neotraditional

text: music

text: and

text: music

text: where

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: cultural

text: tradition

text: such

text: as

text: when

text: ethnic

text: music

text: and

text: Western

text: popular

text: music

text: intermingle

text:
Malayalam cinema is the Indian film industry based in the southern state of Kerala, dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Malayalam language. Although the industry's gross box-office is smaller, when compared to larger market driven Indian industries such as Hindi cinema, Telugu cinema, and Tamil cinema, Malayalam films have gained unique recognition in world cinema for their technical finesse and craft. Malayalam films are released in India, and a handful of them being released in the United States, Australia, Germany, U. K . and the Persian Gulf. Works such as "Marana Simhasanam" and "Vanaprastham" were screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.
"Marana Simhasanam" had garnered the coveted Caméra d'Or ("Golden Camera") for that year.

text: Malayalam

text: cinema

text: is

text: the

text: Indian

text: film

text: industry

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: state

text: of

text: Kerala

text: dedicated

text: to

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: motion

text: pictures

text: in

text: the

text: Malayalam

text: language

text: Although

text: the

text: industry

text: 's

text: gross

text: box

text: office

text: is

text: smaller

text: when

text: compared

text: to

text: larger

text: market

text: driven

text: Indian

text: industries

text: such

text: as

text: Hindi

text: cinema

text: Telugu

text: cinema

text: and

text: Tamil

text: cinema

text: Malayalam

text: films

text: have

text: gained

text: unique

text: recognition

text: in

text: world

text: cinema

text: for

text: their

text: technical

text: finesse

text: and

text: craft

text: Malayalam

text: films

text: are

text: released

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: handful

text: of

text: them

text: being

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Australia

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: Works

text: such

text: as

text: Marana

text: Simhasanam

text: and

text: Vanaprastham

text: were

text: screened

text: in

text: the

text: Un

text: Certain

text: Regard

text: section

text: at

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Marana

text: Simhasanam

text: had

text: garnered

text: the

text: coveted

text: Caméra

text: d'Or

text: Golden

text: Camera

text: for

text: that

text: year

text: The Academy Awards, or "Oscars", is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements in the United States film industry as assessed by the Academy's voting membership. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname "Oscar." The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS.

text: The

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: or

text: Oscars

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: American

text: awards

text: ceremony

text: hosted

text: by

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Arts

text: and

text: Sciences

text: AMPAS

text: to

text: recognize

text: excellence

text: in

text: cinematic

text: achievements

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: film

text: industry

text: as

text: assessed

text: by

text: the

text: Academy

text: 's

text: voting

text: membership

text: The

text: various

text: category

text: winners

text: are

text: awarded

text: copy

text: of

text: statuette

text: officially

text: called

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: of

text: Merit

text: which

text: has

text: become

text: commonly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: nickname

text: Oscar

text: The

text: awards

text: first

text: presented

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: Hollywood

text: Roosevelt

text: Hotel

text: are

text: overseen

text: by

text: AMPAS

text: Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production, an electronic musician being a musician who composes and/or performs such music. In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, and the electric guitar. Purely electronic sound production can be achieved using devices such as the theremin, sound synthesizer, and computer.

text: Electronic

text: music

text: is

text: music

text: that

text: employs

text: electronic

text: musical

text: instruments

text: and

text: electronic

text: music

text: technology

text: in

text: its

text: production

text: an

text: electronic

text: musician

text: being

text: musician

text: who

text: composes

text: and/or

text: performs

text: such

text: music

text: In

text: general

text: distinction

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: between

text: sound

text: produced

text: using

text: electromechanical

text: means

text: and

text: that

text: produced

text: using

text: electronic

text: technology

text: Examples

text: of

text: electromechanical

text: sound

text: producing

text: devices

text: include

text: the

text: telharmonium

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: and

text: the

text: electric

text: guitar

text: Purely

text: electronic

text: sound

text: production

text: can

text: be

text: achieved

text: using

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: theremin

text: sound

text: synthesizer

text: and

text: computer

text: Filmfare Awards South is the South Indian segment of the annual Filmfare Awards, presented by The Times Group to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the South Indian film industry. The awards were introduced in 1954, around the films released in 1953 & Filmfare Awards initially recognizing the Hindi film industries. In 1964 awards were extended to Best Picture in Tamil, Telugu, Bengali and Marathi, around the films released in 1963.The inclusion of Malayalam cinema in the awards came in 1967 while Kannada cinema was recognized in 1970. Each industry is given its own set of creative awards in annual ceremonies that have predominantly been held in Chennai and Hyderabad.

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: South

text: is

text: the

text: South

text: Indian

text: segment

text: of

text: the

text: annual

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: presented

text: by

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: to

text: honour

text: both

text: artistic

text: and

text: technical

text: excellence

text: of

text: professionals

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Indian

text: film

text: industry

text: The

text: awards

text: were

text: introduced

text: in

text: around

text: the

text: films

text: released

text: in

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: initially

text: recognizing

text: the

text: Hindi

text: film

text: industries

text: In

text: awards

text: were

text: extended

text: to

text: Best

text: Picture

text: in

text: Tamil

text: Telugu

text: Bengali

text: and

text: Marathi

text: around

text: the

text: films

text: released

text: in

text: inclusion

text: of

text: Malayalam

text: cinema

text: in

text: the

text: awards

text: came

text: in

text: while

text: Kannada

text: cinema

text: was

text: recognized

text: in

text: Each

text: industry

text: is

text: given

text: its

text: own

text: set

text: of

text: creative

text: awards

text: in

text: annual

text: ceremonies

text: that

text: have

text: predominantly

text: been

text: held

text: in

text: Chennai

text: and

text: Hyderabad

text: Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival. The term originated in the 19th century but is often applied to music that is older than that. Some types of folk music are also called world music. "Traditional folk music" has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted orally, music with unknown composers, or music performed by custom over a long period of time. It has been contrasted with commercial and classical styles.

text: Folk

text: music

text: includes

text: both

text: traditional

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: genre

text: that

text: evolved

text: from

text: it

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: folk

text: revival

text: The

text: term

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: older

text: than

text: that

text: Some

text: types

text: of

text: folk

text: music

text: are

text: also

text: called

text: world

text: music

text: Traditional

text: folk

text: music

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: in

text: several

text: ways

text: as

text: music

text: transmitted

text: orally

text: music

text: with

text: unknown

text: composers

text: or

text: music

text: performed

text: by

text: custom

text: over

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: contrasted

text: with

text: commercial

text: and

text: classical

text: styles

text: South India is the area encompassing the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Telangana as well as the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area. Covering the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau, South India is bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south. The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges - the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Coimbatore and Kochi are the largest urban areas.

text: South

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: area

text: encompassing

text: the

text: Indian

text: states

text: of

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: Karnataka

text: Kerala

text: and

text: Telangana

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: union

text: territories

text: of

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Lakshadweep

text: and

text: Puducherry

text: occupying

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: area

text: Covering

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: peninsular

text: Deccan

text: Plateau

text: South

text: India

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: geography

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: is

text: diverse

text: with

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Western

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Ghats

text: bordering

text: the

text: plateau

text: heartland

text: Godavari

text: Krishna

text: Kaveri

text: Tungabhadra

text: and

text: Vaigai

text: rivers

text: are

text: important

text: non

text: perennial

text: sources

text: of

text: water

text: Bangalore

text: Chennai

text: Hyderabad

text: Visakhapatnam

text: Vijayawada

text: Coimbatore

text: and

text: Kochi

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: urban

text: areas

text: The Filmfare Awards are presented annually by The Times Group to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the Hindi language film industry of India. The Filmfare ceremony is one of the oldest film events in India. The awards were first introduced in 1954, the same year as the National Film Awards. They were initially referred to as the "Clare Awards" or "The Clares" after Clare Mendonca, the editor of "The Times of India". A dual voting system was developed in 1956. Under this system, in contrast to the National Film Awards, which are decided by a panel appointed by Indian Government, the Filmfare Awards are voted on by both the public and a committee of experts.

text: The

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: are

text: presented

text: annually

text: by

text: The

text: Times

text: Group

text: to

text: honour

text: both

text: artistic

text: and

text: technical

text: excellence

text: of

text: professionals

text: in

text: the

text: Hindi

text: language

text: film

text: industry

text: of

text: India

text: The

text: Filmfare

text: ceremony

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: film

text: events

text: in

text: India

text: The

text: awards

text: were

text: first

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Film

text: Awards

text: They

text: were

text: initially

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Clare

text: Awards

text: or

text: The

text: Clares

text: after

text: Clare

text: Mendonca

text: the

text: editor

text: of

text: The

text: Times

text: of

text: India

text: dual

text: voting

text: system

text: was

text: developed

text: in

text: Under

text: this

text: system

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Film

text: Awards

text: which

text: are

text: decided

text: by

text: panel

text: appointed

text: by

text: Indian

text: Government

text: the

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: are

text: voted

text: on

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: committee

text: of

text: experts

text: Indigenous music is a term for the traditional music of the indigenous peoples of the world, that is, the music of an "original" ethnic group that inhabits any geographic region alongside more recent immigrants who may be greater in number. The term therefore depends upon the political role an ethnic group plays rather than upon its strictly musical characteristics, for all further criteria (territory, race, history, subsistence lifestyle, etc.) defining indigenous peoples can also be applied to majority cultures.

text: Indigenous

text: music

text: is

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: traditional

text: music

text: of

text: the

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: music

text: of

text: an

text: original

text: ethnic

text: group

text: that

text: inhabits

text: any

text: geographic

text: region

text: alongside

text: more

text: recent

text: immigrants

text: who

text: may

text: be

text: greater

text: in

text: number

text: The

text: term

text: therefore

text: depends

text: upon

text: the

text: political

text: role

text: an

text: ethnic

text: group

text: plays

text: rather

text: than

text: upon

text: its

text: strictly

text: musical

text: characteristics

text: for

text: all

text: further

text: criteria

text: territory

text: race

text: history

text: subsistence

text: lifestyle

text: etc

text: defining

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: applied

text: to

text: majority

text: cultures

text: Kannada cinema, colloquially referred to as Chandanavana or Sandalwood, is a part of Indian cinema, where motion pictures are produced in the Kannada language. As of 2013, the Kannada film industry based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, produces more than 100 films each year. Kannada films are released in a total of 950 single screen theatres in Karnataka and a few of them are also released in the United States, Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom and other countries.

text: Kannada

text: cinema

text: colloquially

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Chandanavana

text: or

text: Sandalwood

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: Indian

text: cinema

text: where

text: motion

text: pictures

text: are

text: produced

text: in

text: the

text: Kannada

text: language

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: Kannada

text: film

text: industry

text: based

text: in

text: Bengaluru

text: Karnataka

text: produces

text: more

text: than

text: films

text: each

text: year

text: Kannada

text: films

text: are

text: released

text: in

text: total

text: of

text: single

text: screen

text: theatres

text: in

text: Karnataka

text: and

text: few

text: of

text: them

text: are

text: also

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Australia

text: Germany

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: other

text: countries

question: place_of_birth a. r. rahman

answer: delhi

text: delhi


text: Spartacus (""; c. 11171 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with the Gauls Crixus, Gannicus, Castus, and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Little is known about Spartacus beyond the events of the war, and surviving historical accounts are sometimes contradictory and may not always be reliable. However, all sources agree that he was a former gladiator and an accomplished military leader.

text: Spartacus

text: BC

text: was

text: Thracian

text: gladiator

text: who

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Gauls

text: Crixus

text: Gannicus

text: Castus

text: and

text: Oenomaus

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: escaped

text: slave

text: leaders

text: in

text: the

text: Third

text: Servile

text: War

text: major

text: slave

text: uprising

text: against

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: Little

text: is

text: known

text: about

text: Spartacus

text: beyond

text: the

text: events

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: surviving

text: historical

text: accounts

text: are

text: sometimes

text: contradictory

text: and

text: may

text: not

text: always

text: be

text: reliable

text: However

text: all

text: sources

text: agree

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: former

text: gladiator

text: and

text: an

text: accomplished

text: military

text: leader

text: Slavery is, the strictest sense of the term, any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a "de jure" form of property. A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration. Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, "de jure" slavery. In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is "de facto" forced to work against his or her will. Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour, to refer to such situations. However  and especially under slavery in broader senses of the word  slaves may have some rights and/or protections, according to laws and/or customs.

text: Slavery

text: is

text: the

text: strictest

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: any

text: system

text: in

text: which

text: principles

text: of

text: property

text: law

text: are

text: applied

text: to

text: people

text: allowing

text: individuals

text: to

text: own

text: buy

text: and

text: sell

text: other

text: individuals

text: as

text: de

text: jure

text: form

text: of

text: property

text: slave

text: is

text: unable

text: to

text: withdraw

text: unilaterally

text: from

text: such

text: an

text: arrangement

text: and

text: works

text: without

text: remuneration

text: Many

text: scholars

text: now

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: chattel

text: slavery

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: this

text: specific

text: sense

text: of

text: legalised

text: de

text: jure

text: slavery

text: In

text: broader

text: sense

text: however

text: the

text: word

text: slavery

text: may

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: any

text: situation

text: in

text: which

text: an

text: individual

text: is

text: de

text: facto

text: forced

text: to

text: work

text: against

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: will

text: Scholars

text: also

text: use

text: the

text: more

text: generic

text: terms

text: such

text: as

text: unfree

text: labour

text: or

text: forced

text: labour

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: such

text: situations

text: However

text: and

text: especially

text: under

text: slavery

text: in

text: broader

text: senses

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: slaves

text: may

text: have

text: some

text: rights

text: and/or

text: protections

text: according

text: to

text: laws

text: and/or

text: customs

text: Bug - Jargal is a novel by the French writer Victor Hugo . First published in 1826 , it is a reworked version of an earlier short story of the same name published in the Hugo brothers ' magazine Le Conservateur littéraire in 1820 . The novel follows a friendship between the enslaved African prince of the title and a French military officer named Leopold D'Auverney during the tumultuous early years of the Haitian Revolution . Hugo later claimed that the story was to have been part of a collaborative work called Contes sous la Tente ( Tales under a Tent ) , and that he had written it in 1818 ( at the age of sixteen ) in two weeks ; the manuscript is however dated April 1819 . Several translations into English exist . The first , a modified version with the title The Slave - King , was published in 1833 . The only modern translation is by Chris Bongie and was published in 2004 .

text: Bug

text: Jargal

text: is

text: novel

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: writer

text: Victor

text: Hugo

text: First

text: published

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: reworked

text: version

text: of

text: an

text: earlier

text: short

text: story

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: Hugo

text: brothers

text: magazine

text: Le

text: Conservateur

text: littéraire

text: in

text: The

text: novel

text: follows

text: friendship

text: between

text: the

text: enslaved

text: African

text: prince

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: and

text: French

text: military

text: officer

text: named

text: Leopold

text: D'Auverney

text: during

text: the

text: tumultuous

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Haitian

text: Revolution

text: Hugo

text: later

text: claimed

text: that

text: the

text: story

text: was

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: part

text: of

text: collaborative

text: work

text: called

text: Contes

text: sous

text: la

text: Tente

text: Tales

text: under

text: Tent

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: written

text: it

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: sixteen

text: in

text: two

text: weeks

text: the

text: manuscript

text: is

text: however

text: dated

text: April

text: Several

text: translations

text: into

text: English

text: exist

text: The

text: first

text: modified

text: version

text: with

text: the

text: title

text: The

text: Slave

text: King

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: The

text: only

text: modern

text: translation

text: is

text: by

text: Chris

text: Bongie

text: and

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: Republicanism is an ideology of being a citizen in a state as a republic under which the people hold popular sovereignty. Many countries are "republics" in the sense that they are not monarchies. However, this article covers only the ideology of "republicanism".

text: Republicanism

text: is

text: an

text: ideology

text: of

text: being

text: citizen

text: in

text: state

text: as

text: republic

text: under

text: which

text: the

text: people

text: hold

text: popular

text: sovereignty

text: Many

text: countries

text: are

text: republics

text: in

text: the

text: sense

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: monarchies

text: However

text: this

text: article

text: covers

text: only

text: the

text: ideology

text: of

text: republicanism

text: Haiti , officially the Republic of Haiti, is a sovereign state located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is in size and has an estimated 10.6 million people, making it the most populous country in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the second-most populous country in the Caribbean as a whole.

text: Haiti

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Haiti

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Hispaniola

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Antilles

text: archipelago

text: of

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

text: It

text: occupies

text: the

text: western

text: three

text: eighths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: which

text: it

text: shares

text: with

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: Haiti

text: is

text: in

text: size

text: and

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Community

text: CARICOM

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: as

text: whole

text: Though a committed royalist when he was young, Hugo's views changed as the decades passed, and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time. He is buried in the in Paris. His legacy has been honoured in many ways, including his portrait being placed on French currency.

text: Though

text: committed

text: royalist

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: young

text: Hugo

text: 's

text: views

text: changed

text: as

text: the

text: decades

text: passed

text: and

text: he

text: became

text: passionate

text: supporter

text: of

text: republicanism

text: his

text: work

text: touches

text: upon

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: social

text: issues

text: and

text: the

text: artistic

text: trends

text: of

text: his

text: time

text: He

text: is

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: in

text: Paris

text: His

text: legacy

text: has

text: been

text: honoured

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: including

text: his

text: portrait

text: being

text: placed

text: on

text: French

text: currency

text: The Haitian Revolution, was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection that took place in the former French colony of Saint-Domingue that lasted from 1791 until 1804. It affected the institution of slavery throughout the Americas. Self-liberated slaves destroyed slavery at home, fought to preserve their freedom, and with the collaboration of mulattoes, founded the sovereign state of Haiti. It led to the greatest slave uprising since Spartacus's unsuccessful revolt against the Roman Republic nearly 1,900 years prior.

text: The

text: Haitian

text: Revolution

text: was

text: successful

text: anti

text: slavery

text: and

text: anti

text: colonial

text: insurrection

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: French

text: colony

text: of

text: Saint

text: Domingue

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: until

text: It

text: affected

text: the

text: institution

text: of

text: slavery

text: throughout

text: the

text: Americas

text: Self

text: liberated

text: slaves

text: destroyed

text: slavery

text: at

text: home

text: fought

text: to

text: preserve

text: their

text: freedom

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: collaboration

text: of

text: mulattoes

text: founded

text: the

text: sovereign

text: state

text: of

text: Haiti

text: It

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: greatest

text: slave

text: uprising

text: since

text: Spartacus

text: 's

text: unsuccessful

text: revolt

text: against

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: nearly

text: years

text: prior

text: The Roman Republic was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: was

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Kingdom

text: traditionally

text: dated

text: to

text: BC

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: BC

text: with

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: It

text: was

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: that

text: Rome

text: 's

text: control

text: expanded

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: immediate

text: surroundings

text: to

text: hegemony

text: over

text: the

text: entire

text: Mediterranean

text: world

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: main_subject bug-jargal

answer: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery

text: slavery