text: The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: name

text: Czechia

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: mostly

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: and

text: oceanic

text: climate

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Prague

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: includes

text: the

text: historical

text: territories

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: Johann Baptist Wanhal ( May 12 , 1739 -- August 20 , 1813 ) , also spelled Wahal ( the spelling the composer himself and at least one of his publishers used ) , Wanhall , Vanhal and Van Hall ( the modern Czech form Jan Ktitel Vahal was introduced in the 20th century ) , was an important Czech classical music composer . He was born in Nechanice , Bohemia , and died in Vienna .

text: Johann

text: Baptist

text: Wanhal

text: May

text: August

text: also

text: spelled

text: Wahal

text: the

text: spelling

text: the

text: composer

text: himself

text: and

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: publishers

text: used

text: Wanhall

text: Vanhal

text: and

text: Van

text: Hall

text: the

text: modern

text: Czech

text: form

text: Jan

text: Ktitel

text: Vahal

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: Czech

text: classical

text: music

text: composer

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Nechanice

text: Bohemia

text: and

text: died

text: in

text: Vienna

text:
Hradec Králové Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic, located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové. The region neighbours with Pardubice Region in the south, with Central Bohemian Region in south-west and with Liberec Region in the west. It also shares 208 km long international border with Polish Lower Silesian Voivodship in north and east.
After the state administration reform took place (1 January 2000) the territory of the Region comprises five districts: Hradec Králové District, Jiín District, Náchod District, Rychnov nad Knžnou District and Trutnov District. As for area, Trutnov District is the largest taking almost one fourth of the entire Region's territory, followed by the Rychnov nad Knžnou District with 21% and as for the three remaining districts each has about 18%. As of 2003, 15 municipalities with extended powers and 35 municipalities with a delegated municipal office were established in the region.

text: Hradec

text: Králové

text: Region

text: is

text: an

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: historical

text: region

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: its

text: capital

text: Hradec

text: Králové

text: The

text: region

text: neighbours

text: with

text: Pardubice

text: Region

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: with

text: Central

text: Bohemian

text: Region

text: in

text: south

text: west

text: and

text: with

text: Liberec

text: Region

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: also

text: shares

text: km

text: long

text: international

text: border

text: with

text: Polish

text: Lower

text: Silesian

text: Voivodship

text: in

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: After

text: the

text: state

text: administration

text: reform

text: took

text: place

text: January

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Region

text: comprises

text: five

text: districts

text: Hradec

text: Králové

text: District

text: Jiín

text: District

text: Náchod

text: District

text: Rychnov

text: nad

text: Knžnou

text: District

text: and

text: Trutnov

text: District

text: As

text: for

text: area

text: Trutnov

text: District

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: taking

text: almost

text: one

text: fourth

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: Region

text: 's

text: territory

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: Rychnov

text: nad

text: Knžnou

text: District

text: with

text: and

text: as

text: for

text: the

text: three

text: remaining

text: districts

text: each

text: has

text: about

text: As

text: of

text: municipalities

text: with

text: extended

text: powers

text: and

text: municipalities

text: with

text: delegated

text: municipal

text: office

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: Centrope is an Interreg IIIA project to establish a multinational region in the Central Europe encompassing four European countries: Slovakia, Austria, Hungary and Czech Republic.

text: Centrope

text: is

text: an

text: Interreg

text: IIIA

text: project

text: to

text: establish

text: multinational

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: Central

text: Europe

text: encompassing

text: four

text: European

text: countries

text: Slovakia

text: Austria

text: Hungary

text: and

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.

text: Slovakia

text: officially

text: the

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Hungary

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: 's

text: territory

text: spans

text: about

text: and

text: is

text: mostly

text: mountainous

text: The

text: population

text: is

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: comprises

text: mostly

text: ethnic

text: Slovaks

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bratislava

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Slovak

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Slavic

text: language

text: family

text: Austria is a federal republic made up of nine states, known in German as Länder (singular Land). Since "Land" is also the German word for "country", the term Bundesländer ("federation states"; singular Bundesland) is often used instead to avoid ambiguity. The Constitution of Austria uses both terms. In English, the term "(Bundes)land" is commonly rendered as "state" or "province".

text: Austria

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: nine

text: states

text: known

text: in

text: German

text: as

text: Länder

text: singular

text: Land

text: Since

text: Land

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: German

text: word

text: for

text: country

text: the

text: term

text: Bundesländer

text: federation

text: states

text: singular

text: Bundesland

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: instead

text: to

text: avoid

text: ambiguity

text: The

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Austria

text: uses

text: both

text: terms

text: In

text: English

text: the

text: term

text: Bundes)land

text: is

text: commonly

text: rendered

text: as

text: state

text: or

text: province

text: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, , or OPEP in several other languages) is an intergovernmental organization of 13 nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna. As of 2015, the 13 countries accounted for an estimated 42 percent of global oil production and 73 percent of the world's "proven" oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that were previously determined by American-dominated multinational oil companies.

text: Organization

text: of

text: the

text: Petroleum

text: Exporting

text: Countries

text: OPEC

text: or

text: OPEP

text: in

text: several

text: other

text: languages

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: organization

text: of

text: nations

text: founded

text: in

text: in

text: Baghdad

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: five

text: members

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: Kuwait

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Venezuela

text: and

text: headquartered

text: since

text: in

text: Vienna

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: countries

text: accounted

text: for

text: an

text: estimated

text: percent

text: of

text: global

text: oil

text: production

text: and

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: proven

text: oil

text: reserves

text: giving

text: OPEC

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: global

text: oil

text: prices

text: that

text: were

text: previously

text: determined

text: by

text: American

text: dominated

text: multinational

text: oil

text: companies

text: Bratislava (or  also known by ) is the capital of Slovakia, and with a population of about 450,000, the country's largest city. The greater metropolitan area is home to more than 650,000 people. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states.

text: Bratislava

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Slovakia

text: and

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: The

text: greater

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: Bratislava

text: is

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Slovakia

text: occupying

text: both

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Danube

text: and

text: the

text: left

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Morava

text: Bordering

text: Austria

text: and

text: Hungary

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: national

text: capital

text: that

text: borders

text: two

text: sovereign

text: states

text: Nechanice is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has cca 2,150 inhabitants. It was the birthplace of Johann Baptist Wanhal.

text: Nechanice

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: Hradec

text: Králové

text: Region

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: It

text: has

text: cca

text: inhabitants

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: Johann

text: Baptist

text: Wanhal

text: Vienna is the capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.8 million (2.6 million within the metropolitan area, nearly one third of Austria's population), and its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 7th-largest city by population within city limits in the European Union. Until the beginning of the 20th century, it was the largest German-speaking city in the world, and before the splitting of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in World War I, the city had 2 million inhabitants. Today, it has the second largest number of German speakers after Berlin. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations and OPEC. The city is located in the eastern part of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. These regions work together in a European Centrope border region. Along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

text: Vienna

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: nine

text: states

text: of

text: Austria

text: Vienna

text: is

text: Austria

text: 's

text: primary

text: city

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: million

text: within

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: nearly

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: Austria

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: its

text: cultural

text: economic

text: and

text: political

text: centre

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: by

text: population

text: within

text: city

text: limits

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Until

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: German

text: speaking

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: before

text: the

text: splitting

text: of

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Today

text: it

text: has

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: number

text: of

text: German

text: speakers

text: after

text: Berlin

text: Vienna

text: is

text: host

text: to

text: many

text: major

text: international

text: organizations

text: including

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: and

text: OPEC

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: is

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: borders

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Slovakia

text: and

text: Hungary

text: These

text: regions

text: work

text: together

text: in

text: European

text: Centrope

text: border

text: region

text: Along

text: with

text: nearby

text: Bratislava

text: Vienna

text: forms

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: with

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: was

text: designated

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art forms".

text: Jazz

text: is

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: amongst

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: New

text: Orleans

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Since

text: the

text: jazz

text: age

text: jazz

text: has

text: become

text: recognized

text: as

text: major

text: form

text: of

text: musical

text: expression

text: It

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: independent

text: traditional

text: and

text: popular

text: musical

text: styles

text: all

text: linked

text: by

text: the

text: common

text: bonds

text: of

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: musical

text: parentage

text: with

text: performance

text: orientation

text: Jazz

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: swing

text: and

text: blue

text: notes

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: vocals

text: polyrhythms

text: and

text: improvisation

text: Jazz

text: has

text: roots

text: in

text: West

text: African

text: cultural

text: and

text: musical

text: expression

text: and

text: in

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: traditions

text: including

text: blues

text: and

text: ragtime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: European

text: military

text: band

text: music

text: Although

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: jazz

text: is

text: deeply

text: rooted

text: within

text: the

text: Black

text: experience

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: different

text: cultures

text: have

text: contributed

text: their

text: own

text: experience

text: and

text: styles

text: to

text: the

text: art

text: form

text: as

text: well

text: Intellectuals

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: hailed

text: jazz

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: original

text: art

text: forms

text: Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Germany

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: constituent

text: states

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: and

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Located

text: in

text: northeastern

text: Germany

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: rivers

text: Spree

text: and

text: Havel

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Brandenburg

text: Metropolitan

text: Region

text: which

text: has

text: about

text: million

text: residents

text: from

text: more

text: than

text: nations

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Plain

text: Berlin

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: Around

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: area

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: forests

text: parks

text: gardens

text: rivers

text: and

text: lakes

text: International Organization is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the entire field of international affairs. It was established in 1947 and is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Organization Foundation. The editor-in-chief is Jon Pevehouse (University of WisconsinMadison).

text: International

text: Organization

text: is

text: quarterly

text: peer

text: reviewed

text: academic

text: journal

text: that

text: covers

text: the

text: entire

text: field

text: of

text: international

text: affairs

text: It

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: published

text: by

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: Press

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Organization

text: Foundation

text: The

text: editor

text: in

text: chief

text: is

text: Jon

text: Pevehouse

text: University

text: of

text: WisconsinMadison

text: Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. It covers an area of , situated in the Carpathian Basin and bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world. Hungary's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- global city. Major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Gyr.

text: Hungary

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Basin

text: and

text: bordered

text: by

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Slovenia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Hungary

text: is

text: medium

text: sized

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Hungarian

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: Uralic

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Budapest

text: significant

text: economic

text: hub

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: Alpha-

text: global

text: city

text: Major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Debrecen

text: Szeged

text: Miskolc

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Gyr

text:
Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western music, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music. While a more accurate term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period. The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows:
European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (e.g., melodies, basslines, chords), tempo, meter and rhythms for a piece of music. This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and "ad libitum" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues. Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the concerto, symphony, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera which, since they are written down, can sustain larger forms and attain a high level of complexity.

text: Classical

text: music

text: is

text: art

text: music

text: produced

text: or

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: traditions

text: of

text: Western

text: music

text: including

text: both

text: liturgical

text: religious

text: and

text: secular

text: music

text: While

text: more

text: accurate

text: term

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: period

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: this

text: article

text: is

text: about

text: the

text: broad

text: span

text: of

text: time

text: from

text: roughly

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: periods

text: The

text: central

text: norms

text: of

text: this

text: tradition

text: became

text: codified

text: between

text: and

text: which

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: common

text: practice

text: period

text: The

text: major

text: time

text: divisions

text: of

text: Western

text: art

text: music

text: are

text: as

text: follows

text: European

text: art

text: music

text: is

text: largely

text: distinguished

text: from

text: many

text: other

text: non

text: European

text: and

text: some

text: popular

text: musical

text: forms

text: by

text: its

text: system

text: of

text: staff

text: notation

text: in

text: use

text: since

text: about

text: the

text: century

text: Western

text: staff

text: notation

text: is

text: used

text: by

text: composers

text: to

text: indicate

text: to

text: the

text: performer

text: the

text: pitches

text: e.g.

text: melodies

text: basslines

text: chords

text: tempo

text: meter

text: and

text: rhythms

text: for

text: piece

text: of

text: music

text: This

text: can

text: leave

text: less

text: room

text: for

text: practices

text: such

text: as

text: improvisation

text: and

text: ad

text: libitum

text: ornamentation

text: which

text: are

text: frequently

text: heard

text: in

text: non

text: European

text: art

text: music

text: and

text: in

text: popular

text: music

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: jazz

text: and

text: blues

text: Another

text: difference

text: is

text: that

text: whereas

text: most

text: popular

text: styles

text: adopt

text: the

text: song

text: strophic

text: form

text: classical

text: music

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: development

text: of

text: highly

text: sophisticated

text: forms

text: of

text: instrumental

text: music

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: concerto

text: symphony

text: sonata

text: and

text: mixed

text: vocal

text: and

text: instrumental

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: opera

text: which

text: since

text: they

text: are

text: written

text: down

text: can

text: sustain

text: larger

text: forms

text: and

text: attain

text: high

text: level

text: of

text: complexity

text: Blues is a genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century. The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs and European-American folk music. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common. Blue notes (or "worried notes"), usually thirds or fifths flattened in pitch, are also an essential part of the sound. Blues shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance-like rhythm and form a repetitive effect known as the groove.

text: Blues

text: is

text: genre

text: and

text: musical

text: form

text: originated

text: by

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: Deep

text: South

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: around

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: genre

text: developed

text: from

text: roots

text: in

text: African

text: musical

text: traditions

text: African

text: American

text: work

text: songs

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: Blues

text: incorporated

text: spirituals

text: work

text: songs

text: field

text: hollers

text: shouts

text: chants

text: and

text: rhymed

text: simple

text: narrative

text: ballads

text: The

text: blues

text: form

text: ubiquitous

text: in

text: jazz

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: the

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: pattern

text: the

text: blues

text: scale

text: and

text: specific

text: chord

text: progressions

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: twelve

text: bar

text: blues

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: Blue

text: notes

text: or

text: worried

text: notes

text: usually

text: thirds

text: or

text: fifths

text: flattened

text: in

text: pitch

text: are

text: also

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: sound

text: Blues

text: shuffles

text: or

text: walking

text: bass

text: reinforce

text: the

text: trance

text: like

text: rhythm

text: and

text: form

text: repetitive

text: effect

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: groove

question: country_of_citizenship johann baptist wanhal

answer: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic

text: czech republic


text: In a modern sense, comedy (from the , "kmidía") refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a "Society of Youth" and a "Society of the Old". A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.

text: In

text: modern

text: sense

text: comedy

text: from

text: the

text: kmidía

text: refers

text: to

text: any

text: discourse

text: or

text: work

text: generally

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: humorous

text: or

text: amusing

text: by

text: inducing

text: laughter

text: especially

text: in

text: theatre

text: television

text: film

text: and

text: stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: The

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: are

text: found

text: in

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: In

text: the

text: Athenian

text: democracy

text: the

text: public

text: opinion

text: of

text: voters

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: political

text: satire

text: performed

text: by

text: the

text: comic

text: poets

text: at

text: the

text: theaters

text: The

text: theatrical

text: genre

text: of

text: Greek

text: comedy

text: can

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: dramatic

text: performance

text: which

text: pits

text: two

text: groups

text: or

text: societies

text: against

text: each

text: other

text: in

text: an

text: amusing

text: agon

text: or

text: conflict

text: Northrop

text: Frye

text: depicted

text: these

text: two

text: opposing

text: sides

text: as

text: Society

text: of

text: Youth

text: and

text: Society

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: revised

text: view

text: characterizes

text: the

text: essential

text: agon

text: of

text: comedy

text: as

text: struggle

text: between

text: relatively

text: powerless

text: youth

text: and

text: the

text: societal

text: conventions

text: that

text: pose

text: obstacles

text: to

text: his

text: hopes

text: In

text: this

text: struggle

text: the

text: youth

text: is

text: understood

text: to

text: be

text: constrained

text: by

text: his

text: lack

text: of

text: social

text: authority

text: and

text: is

text: left

text: with

text: little

text: choice

text: but

text: to

text: take

text: recourse

text: in

text: ruses

text: which

text: engender

text: very

text: dramatic

text: irony

text: which

text: provokes

text: laughter

text: Comedy is a genre of film in which the main emphasis is on humor. These films are designed to make the audience laugh through amusement and most often work by exaggerating characteristics for humorous effect. Films in this style traditionally have a happy ending (black comedy being an exception). One of the oldest genres in film, some of the very first silent movies were comedies, as slapstick comedy often relies on visual depictions, without requiring sound. When sound films became more prevalent during the 1920s, comedy films took another swing, as laughter could result from burlesque situations but also dialogue.

text: Comedy

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: film

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: main

text: emphasis

text: is

text: on

text: humor

text: These

text: films

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: audience

text: laugh

text: through

text: amusement

text: and

text: most

text: often

text: work

text: by

text: exaggerating

text: characteristics

text: for

text: humorous

text: effect

text: Films

text: in

text: this

text: style

text: traditionally

text: have

text: happy

text: ending

text: black

text: comedy

text: being

text: an

text: exception

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: genres

text: in

text: film

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: very

text: first

text: silent

text: movies

text: were

text: comedies

text: as

text: slapstick

text: comedy

text: often

text: relies

text: on

text: visual

text: depictions

text: without

text: requiring

text: sound

text: When

text: sound

text: films

text: became

text: more

text: prevalent

text: during

text: the

text: comedy

text: films

text: took

text: another

text: swing

text: as

text: laughter

text: could

text: result

text: from

text: burlesque

text: situations

text: but

text: also

text: dialogue

text: The Man with No Name is the protagonist portrayed by Clint Eastwood in Sergio Leone's "Dollars Trilogy" of Spaghetti Western films: "A Fistful of Dollars" (1964), "For a Few Dollars More" (1965) and "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly" (1966). He is easily recognizable due to his iconic brown hat, green poncho, tan cowboy boots, fondness for cigarillos and the fact that he rarely talks. Since he never received a name in any of the films, he is conventionally known as "the man with no name". When Clint Eastwood was honored with the American Film Institute's Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996 Jim Carrey held the introductory speech and said: "'The Man With No Name' had no name, so we could fill in our own." In 2008, "Empire" chose the Man With No Name as the 33rd greatest movie character of all time.

text: The

text: Man

text: with

text: No

text: Name

text: is

text: the

text: protagonist

text: portrayed

text: by

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: in

text: Sergio

text: Leone

text: 's

text: Dollars

text: Trilogy

text: of

text: Spaghetti

text: Western

text: films

text: Fistful

text: of

text: Dollars

text: For

text: Few

text: Dollars

text: More

text: and

text: The

text: Good

text: the

text: Bad

text: and

text: the

text: Ugly

text: He

text: is

text: easily

text: recognizable

text: due

text: to

text: his

text: iconic

text: brown

text: hat

text: green

text: poncho

text: tan

text: cowboy

text: boots

text: fondness

text: for

text: cigarillos

text: and

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: he

text: rarely

text: talks

text: Since

text: he

text: never

text: received

text: name

text: in

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: films

text: he

text: is

text: conventionally

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: man

text: with

text: no

text: name

text: When

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: was

text: honored

text: with

text: the

text: American

text: Film

text: Institute

text: 's

text: Lifetime

text: Achievement

text: Award

text: in

text: Jim

text: Carrey

text: held

text: the

text: introductory

text: speech

text: and

text: said

text: The

text: Man

text: With

text: No

text: Name

text: had

text: no

text: name

text: so

text: we

text: could

text: fill

text: in

text: our

text: own

text: In

text: Empire

text: chose

text: the

text: Man

text: With

text: No

text: Name

text: as

text: the

text: greatest

text: movie

text: character

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: Any Which Way You Can is a 1980 American action comedy film , starring Clint Eastwood , Sondra Locke , Geoffrey Lewis , William Smith , and Ruth Gordon . It is directed by Buddy Van Horn . The film is the sequel to the 1978 hit comedy film Every Which Way but Loose .

text: Any

text: Which

text: Way

text: You

text: Can

text: is

text: American

text: action

text: comedy

text: film

text: starring

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: Sondra

text: Locke

text: Geoffrey

text: Lewis

text: William

text: Smith

text: and

text: Ruth

text: Gordon

text: It

text: is

text: directed

text: by

text: Buddy

text: Van

text: Horn

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: the

text: sequel

text: to

text: the

text: hit

text: comedy

text: film

text: Every

text: Which

text: Way

text: but

text: Loose

text:
Buddy Van Horn (b. August 20, 1929) is a Hollywood stunt coordinator and film director. A long-time stunt double for Clint Eastwood, he directed such Eastwood films as "Any Which Way You Can", "The Dead Pool", and "Pink Cadillac". He doubled for Gregory Peck and Guy Williams on Disney's "Zorro" and on the 2004 Oscar-winning Best Picture "Million Dollar Baby", directed by Eastwood.
Van Horn's most prominent onscreen appearance is the role of Marshal Jim Duncan in the Clint Eastwood film "High Plains Drifter", a role which he and Eastwood play the same character. Van Horn is the murdered Marshal who was planning to report a gold stake to the government that the town of Lago wanted to keep for itself and Eastwood is the avenging spirit who returned to make the townspeople of Lago pay for their actions and to seek retribution against the three outlaws who bull-whipped the Marshal to death in front of the town who paid them to keep the Marshal from talking.

text: Buddy

text: Van

text: Horn

text: August

text: is

text: Hollywood

text: stunt

text: coordinator

text: and

text: film

text: director

text: long

text: time

text: stunt

text: double

text: for

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: he

text: directed

text: such

text: Eastwood

text: films

text: as

text: Any

text: Which

text: Way

text: You

text: Can

text: The

text: Dead

text: Pool

text: and

text: Pink

text: Cadillac

text: He

text: doubled

text: for

text: Gregory

text: Peck

text: and

text: Guy

text: Williams

text: on

text: Disney

text: 's

text: Zorro

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: Oscar

text: winning

text: Best

text: Picture

text: Million

text: Dollar

text: Baby

text: directed

text: by

text: Eastwood

text: Van

text: Horn

text: 's

text: most

text: prominent

text: onscreen

text: appearance

text: is

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: Marshal

text: Jim

text: Duncan

text: in

text: the

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: film

text: High

text: Plains

text: Drifter

text: role

text: which

text: he

text: and

text: Eastwood

text: play

text: the

text: same

text: character

text: Van

text: Horn

text: is

text: the

text: murdered

text: Marshal

text: who

text: was

text: planning

text: to

text: report

text: gold

text: stake

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: that

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Lago

text: wanted

text: to

text: keep

text: for

text: itself

text: and

text: Eastwood

text: is

text: the

text: avenging

text: spirit

text: who

text: returned

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: townspeople

text: of

text: Lago

text: pay

text: for

text: their

text: actions

text: and

text: to

text: seek

text: retribution

text: against

text: the

text: three

text: outlaws

text: who

text: bull

text: whipped

text: the

text: Marshal

text: to

text: death

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: who

text: paid

text: them

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: Marshal

text: from

text: talking

text: Sondra Louise Anderson (née Smith; born May 28, 1944), professionally known as Sondra Locke, is an American actress and film director. She made her film debut in 1968 in "The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter", for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She went on to star in such films as "Willard", "The Outlaw Josey Wales", "The Gauntlet", "Every Which Way But Loose", "Bronco Billy", "Any Which Way You Can" and "Sudden Impact". She has worked with Clint Eastwood, who was her companion for over 13 years. Her autobiography, "The Good, the Bad, and the Very Ugly A Hollywood Journey", was published in 1997.

text: Sondra

text: Louise

text: Anderson

text: née

text: Smith

text: born

text: May

text: professionally

text: known

text: as

text: Sondra

text: Locke

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actress

text: and

text: film

text: director

text: She

text: made

text: her

text: film

text: debut

text: in

text: in

text: The

text: Heart

text: Is

text: Lonely

text: Hunter

text: for

text: which

text: she

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: an

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actress

text: She

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: star

text: in

text: such

text: films

text: as

text: Willard

text: The

text: Outlaw

text: Josey

text: Wales

text: The

text: Gauntlet

text: Every

text: Which

text: Way

text: But

text: Loose

text: Bronco

text: Billy

text: Any

text: Which

text: Way

text: You

text: Can

text: and

text: Sudden

text: Impact

text: She

text: has

text: worked

text: with

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: who

text: was

text: her

text: companion

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: Her

text: autobiography

text: The

text: Good

text: the

text: Bad

text: and

text: the

text: Very

text: Ugly

text: Hollywood

text: Journey

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: Clinton "Clint" Eastwood Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor, filmmaker, musician, and political figure. After earning success in the Western TV series "Rawhide", he rose to international fame with his role as the Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's "Dollars" trilogy of spaghetti Westerns during the 1960s, and as antihero cop Harry Callahan in the five "Dirty Harry" films throughout the 1970s and 1980s. These roles, among others, have made Eastwood an enduring cultural icon of masculinity.

text: Clinton

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: Jr.

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actor

text: filmmaker

text: musician

text: and

text: political

text: figure

text: After

text: earning

text: success

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: TV

text: series

text: Rawhide

text: he

text: rose

text: to

text: international

text: fame

text: with

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: the

text: Man

text: with

text: No

text: Name

text: in

text: Sergio

text: Leone

text: 's

text: Dollars

text: trilogy

text: of

text: spaghetti

text: Westerns

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: as

text: antihero

text: cop

text: Harry

text: Callahan

text: in

text: the

text: five

text: Dirty

text: Harry

text: films

text: throughout

text: the

text: and

text: These

text: roles

text: among

text: others

text: have

text: made

text: Eastwood

text: an

text: enduring

text: cultural

text: icon

text: of

text: masculinity

text: Black comedy or dark comedy is a comic style that makes light of subjects that are generally considered serious or taboo. Literary critics have associated black comedy and black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes. Black comedy corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor.

text: Black

text: comedy

text: or

text: dark

text: comedy

text: is

text: comic

text: style

text: that

text: makes

text: light

text: of

text: subjects

text: that

text: are

text: generally

text: considered

text: serious

text: or

text: taboo

text: Literary

text: critics

text: have

text: associated

text: black

text: comedy

text: and

text: black

text: humor

text: with

text: authors

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greeks

text: with

text: Aristophanes

text: Black

text: comedy

text: corresponds

text: to

text: the

text: earlier

text: concept

text: of

text: gallows

text: humor

text: Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program ("TV show"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.

text: Television

text: or

text: TV

text: is

text: telecommunication

text: medium

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: moving

text: images

text: in

text: monochrome

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: or

text: in

text: color

text: and

text: in

text: two

text: or

text: three

text: dimensions

text: and

text: sound

text: It

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: television

text: set

text: television

text: program

text: TV

text: show

text: or

text: the

text: medium

text: of

text: television

text: transmission

text: Television

text: is

text: mass

text: medium

text: for

text: entertainment

text: education

text: news

text: and

text: advertising

text: The Outlaw Josey Wales is a 1976 American revisionist Western DeLuxe Color and Panavision film set during and after the American Civil War. It was directed by and starred Clint Eastwood (as the eponymous Josey Wales), with Chief Dan George, Sondra Locke, Sam Bottoms, and Geraldine Keams. The film tells the story of Josey Wales, a Missouri farmer whose family is murdered by Union militants during the Civil War. Driven to revenge, Wales joins a Confederate guerrilla band and fights in the Civil War. After the war, all the fighters in Wales' group except for Wales surrender to Union officers, but they end up being massacred. Wales becomes an outlaw and is pursued by bounty hunters and Union soldiers.

text: The

text: Outlaw

text: Josey

text: Wales

text: is

text: American

text: revisionist

text: Western

text: DeLuxe

text: Color

text: and

text: Panavision

text: film

text: set

text: during

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: It

text: was

text: directed

text: by

text: and

text: starred

text: Clint

text: Eastwood

text: as

text: the

text: eponymous

text: Josey

text: Wales

text: with

text: Chief

text: Dan

text: George

text: Sondra

text: Locke

text: Sam

text: Bottoms

text: and

text: Geraldine

text: Keams

text: The

text: film

text: tells

text: the

text: story

text: of

text: Josey

text: Wales

text: Missouri

text: farmer

text: whose

text: family

text: is

text: murdered

text: by

text: Union

text: militants

text: during

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: Driven

text: to

text: revenge

text: Wales

text: joins

text: Confederate

text: guerrilla

text: band

text: and

text: fights

text: in

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: After

text: the

text: war

text: all

text: the

text: fighters

text: in

text: Wales

text: group

text: except

text: for

text: Wales

text: surrender

text: to

text: Union

text: officers

text: but

text: they

text: end

text: up

text: being

text: massacred

text: Wales

text: becomes

text: an

text: outlaw

text: and

text: is

text: pursued

text: by

text: bounty

text: hunters

text: and

text: Union

text: soldiers

annotations: likely single

question: color any which way you can

answer: color

text: color

text: color


text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism. It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, rather than a religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.

text: Hindu

text: refers

text: to

text: any

text: person

text: who

text: regards

text: themselves

text: as

text: culturally

text: ethnically

text: or

text: religiously

text: adhering

text: to

text: aspects

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: It

text: has

text: historically

text: been

text: used

text: as

text: geographical

text: cultural

text: rather

text: than

text: religious

text: identifier

text: for

text: people

text: indigenous

text: to

text: South

text: Asia

text: The Vedic period (or Vedic age) was the period in Indian history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed.

text: The

text: Vedic

text: period

text: or

text: Vedic

text: age

text: was

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: Indian

text: history

text: during

text: which

text: the

text: Vedas

text: the

text: oldest

text: scriptures

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: were

text: composed

text: Hinduism is a religion, or a way of life, found most notably in India and Nepal. Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as "", "the eternal law," or the "eternal way," beyond human origins. Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder. This "Hindu synthesis" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).

text: Hinduism

text: is

text: religion

text: or

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: found

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: Nepal

text: Hinduism

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: oldest

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: some

text: practitioners

text: and

text: scholars

text: refer

text: to

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: eternal

text: law

text: or

text: the

text: eternal

text: way

text: beyond

text: human

text: origins

text: Scholars

text: regard

text: Hinduism

text: as

text: fusion

text: or

text: synthesis

text: of

text: various

text: Indian

text: cultures

text: and

text: traditions

text: with

text: diverse

text: roots

text: and

text: no

text: founder

text: This

text: Hindu

text: synthesis

text: started

text: to

text: develop

text: between

text: BCE

text: and

text: CE

text: following

text: the

text: Vedic

text: period

text: BCE

text: to

text: BCE

text: Holika Dahan also Kamudu pyre is celebrated by burning Holika , the devil . For many traditions in Hinduism , Holi celebrates the death of Holika in order to save Prahlad , and thus Holi gets its name . In olden days , people use to contribute a piece of wood or two for Holika bonfire .

text: Holika

text: Dahan

text: also

text: Kamudu

text: pyre

text: is

text: celebrated

text: by

text: burning

text: Holika

text: the

text: devil

text: For

text: many

text: traditions

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: Holi

text: celebrates

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Holika

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: save

text: Prahlad

text: and

text: thus

text: Holi

text: gets

text: its

text: name

text: In

text: olden

text: days

text: people

text: use

text: to

text: contribute

text: piece

text: of

text: wood

text: or

text: two

text: for

text: Holika

text: bonfire

text: Falgun or Phalgun is the eleventh month in the Bengali calendar and Nepali calendar. This month is named after the star Uttorfalguni ("Uttôrfalguni"). It marks the arrival of spring, the sixth and final season in Bangladesh, Nepal and Assam. The first of Falgun usually falls on 13 February of the Gregorian Calendar. The first day of Falgun is celebrated as Pohela Falgun in Bangladesh. In Nepal the first day of Falgun is marked with colourful celebration of the advent of spring called Holi, known locally as "Fagu". Traditionally, women wear yellow saris to celebrate this day.

text: Falgun

text: or

text: Phalgun

text: is

text: the

text: eleventh

text: month

text: in

text: the

text: Bengali

text: calendar

text: and

text: Nepali

text: calendar

text: This

text: month

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: star

text: Uttorfalguni

text: Uttôrfalguni

text: It

text: marks

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: spring

text: the

text: sixth

text: and

text: final

text: season

text: in

text: Bangladesh

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Assam

text: The

text: first

text: of

text: Falgun

text: usually

text: falls

text: on

text: February

text: of

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: Calendar

text: The

text: first

text: day

text: of

text: Falgun

text: is

text: celebrated

text: as

text: Pohela

text: Falgun

text: in

text: Bangladesh

text: In

text: Nepal

text: the

text: first

text: day

text: of

text: Falgun

text: is

text: marked

text: with

text: colourful

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: spring

text: called

text: Holi

text: known

text: locally

text: as

text: Fagu

text: Traditionally

text: women

text: wear

text: yellow

text: saris

text: to

text: celebrate

text: this

text: day

text: Holika was a demoness in Hindu Vedic scriptures, who was burnt to death with help of God Vishnu. She was the sister of King Hiranyakashipu and aunt of Prahlad.

text: Holika

text: was

text: demoness

text: in

text: Hindu

text: Vedic

text: scriptures

text: who

text: was

text: burnt

text: to

text: death

text: with

text: help

text: of

text: God

text: Vishnu

text: She

text: was

text: the

text: sister

text: of

text: King

text: Hiranyakashipu

text: and

text: aunt

text: of

text: Prahlad

text: Religion is a cultural system of behaviors and practices, world views, sacred texts, holy places, ethics, and societal organisation that relate humanity to what an anthropologist has called "an order of existence". Different religions may or may not contain various elements, ranging from the "divine", "sacred things", "faith", a "supernatural being or supernatural beings" or "some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life."

text: Religion

text: is

text: cultural

text: system

text: of

text: behaviors

text: and

text: practices

text: world

text: views

text: sacred

text: texts

text: holy

text: places

text: ethics

text: and

text: societal

text: organisation

text: that

text: relate

text: humanity

text: to

text: what

text: an

text: anthropologist

text: has

text: called

text: an

text: order

text: of

text: existence

text: Different

text: religions

text: may

text: or

text: may

text: not

text: contain

text: various

text: elements

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: divine

text: sacred

text: things

text: faith

text: supernatural

text: being

text: or

text: supernatural

text: beings

text: or

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: ultimacy

text: and

text: transcendence

text: that

text: will

text: provide

text: norms

text: and

text: power

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: life

text:
Hiranyakashipu ("clothed in gold"; the name is said to depict one who is very much fond of wealth and sex life: "hiranya" "gold," "kashipu" "soft cushion") is an Asura from the Puranic scriptures of Hinduism. His younger brother, Hiranyaksha was slain by Varaha, one of the Avatars of Vishnu. Angered by this, Hiranyakashipu decided to gain magical powers by performing a penance for Lord Brahma. He was subsequently killed by the Narasimha Avatara of Lord Vishnu. His tale depicts the futility of desiring power over others and the strength of God's protection over his fully surrendered devotees (in the case of his son Prahlada).
Hiranyakashipu, according to legend, was the king of the "daityas" and had earned a boon from Brahma that made him virtually indestructible. He grew arrogant, thought he was God, and demanded that everyone worship only him.

text: Hiranyakashipu

text: clothed

text: in

text: gold

text: the

text: name

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: depict

text: one

text: who

text: is

text: very

text: much

text: fond

text: of

text: wealth

text: and

text: sex

text: life

text: hiranya

text: gold

text: kashipu

text: soft

text: cushion

text: is

text: an

text: Asura

text: from

text: the

text: Puranic

text: scriptures

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: His

text: younger

text: brother

text: Hiranyaksha

text: was

text: slain

text: by

text: Varaha

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Avatars

text: of

text: Vishnu

text: Angered

text: by

text: this

text: Hiranyakashipu

text: decided

text: to

text: gain

text: magical

text: powers

text: by

text: performing

text: penance

text: for

text: Lord

text: Brahma

text: He

text: was

text: subsequently

text: killed

text: by

text: the

text: Narasimha

text: Avatara

text: of

text: Lord

text: Vishnu

text: His

text: tale

text: depicts

text: the

text: futility

text: of

text: desiring

text: power

text: over

text: others

text: and

text: the

text: strength

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: protection

text: over

text: his

text: fully

text: surrendered

text: devotees

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: his

text: son

text: Prahlada

text: Hiranyakashipu

text: according

text: to

text: legend

text: was

text: the

text: king

text: of

text: the

text: daityas

text: and

text: had

text: earned

text: boon

text: from

text: Brahma

text: that

text: made

text: him

text: virtually

text: indestructible

text: He

text: grew

text: arrogant

text: thought

text: he

text: was

text: God

text: and

text: demanded

text: that

text: everyone

text: worship

text: only

text: him

text: Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia. It has a population of 26.4 million and is the 93rd largest country by area. Bordering China in the north and India in the south, east, and west, it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state. Nepal does not border Bangladesh, which is located within only 27 km (17 mi) of its southeastern tip. It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language.

text: Nepal

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Nepal

text: is

text: landlocked

text: central

text: Himalayan

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: Bordering

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: and

text: west

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: sovereign

text: Himalayan

text: state

text: Nepal

text: does

text: not

text: border

text: Bangladesh

text: which

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: only

text: km

text: mi

text: of

text: its

text: southeastern

text: tip

text: It

text: neither

text: borders

text: Bhutan

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Sikkim

text: being

text: located

text: in

text: between

text: Nepal

text: has

text: diverse

text: geography

text: including

text: fertile

text: plains

text: subalpine

text: forested

text: hills

text: and

text: eight

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: ten

text: tallest

text: mountains

text: including

text: Mount

text: Everest

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: on

text: Earth

text: Kathmandu

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: multiethnic

text: nation

text: with

text: Nepali

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: Vishnu (IAST: "") is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, and the Supreme Being in its Vaishnavism tradition. Along with Brahma and Shiva, Vishnu forms a Hindu trinity (Trimurti); however, ancient Hindu texts do mention other trinities of gods or goddesses.

text: Vishnu

text: IAST

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: principal

text: deities

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Being

text: in

text: its

text: Vaishnavism

text: tradition

text: Along

text: with

text: Brahma

text: and

text: Shiva

text: Vishnu

text: forms

text: Hindu

text: trinity

text: Trimurti

text: however

text: ancient

text: Hindu

text: texts

text: do

text: mention

text: other

text: trinities

text: of

text: gods

text: or

text: goddesses

text: A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect of that community and its religion or traditions, often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. Next to religion and folklore, a significant origin is agricultural. Food is such a vital resource that many festivals are associated with harvest time. Religious commemoration and thanksgiving for good harvests are blended in events that take place in autumn, such as Halloween in the northern hemisphere and Easter in the southern.

text: festival

text: is

text: an

text: event

text: ordinarily

text: celebrated

text: by

text: community

text: and

text: centering

text: on

text: some

text: characteristic

text: aspect

text: of

text: that

text: community

text: and

text: its

text: religion

text: or

text: traditions

text: often

text: marked

text: as

text: local

text: or

text: national

text: holiday

text: mela

text: or

text: eid

text: Next

text: to

text: religion

text: and

text: folklore

text: significant

text: origin

text: is

text: agricultural

text: Food

text: is

text: such

text: vital

text: resource

text: that

text: many

text: festivals

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: harvest

text: time

text: Religious

text: commemoration

text: and

text: thanksgiving

text: for

text: good

text: harvests

text: are

text: blended

text: in

text: events

text: that

text: take

text: place

text: in

text: autumn

text: such

text: as

text: Halloween

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: and

text: Easter

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: Holi ("Hol") is a Hindu spring festival in India and Nepal, also known as the "festival of colours" or the "festival of sharing" love. The festival signifies the victory of good over evil, the arrival of spring, end of winter, and for many a festive day to meet others, play and laugh, forget and forgive, and repair broken relationships, and is also celebrated as a thanksgiving for a good harvest. It lasts for two days starting on the Purnima (Full Moon day) falling in the Bikram Sambat Hindu Calendar month of Falgun, which falls somewhere between the end of February and the middle of March in the Gregorian calendar. The first day is known as Holika Dahan or Chhoti Holi and the second as Rangwali Holi, Dhuleti, Dhulandi or Dhulivandan.

text: Holi

text: Hol

text: is

text: Hindu

text: spring

text: festival

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: Nepal

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: festival

text: of

text: colours

text: or

text: the

text: festival

text: of

text: sharing

text: love

text: The

text: festival

text: signifies

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: good

text: over

text: evil

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: spring

text: end

text: of

text: winter

text: and

text: for

text: many

text: festive

text: day

text: to

text: meet

text: others

text: play

text: and

text: laugh

text: forget

text: and

text: forgive

text: and

text: repair

text: broken

text: relationships

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: celebrated

text: as

text: thanksgiving

text: for

text: good

text: harvest

text: It

text: lasts

text: for

text: two

text: days

text: starting

text: on

text: the

text: Purnima

text: Full

text: Moon

text: day

text: falling

text: in

text: the

text: Bikram

text: Sambat

text: Hindu

text: Calendar

text: month

text: of

text: Falgun

text: which

text: falls

text: somewhere

text: between

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: February

text: and

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: March

text: in

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: calendar

text: The

text: first

text: day

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Holika

text: Dahan

text: or

text: Chhoti

text: Holi

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: as

text: Rangwali

text: Holi

text: Dhuleti

text: Dhulandi

text: or

text: Dhulivandan

text: The Gregorian calendar is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582.

text: The

text: Gregorian

text: calendar

text: is

text: internationally

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: civil

text: calendar

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: XIII

text: who

text: introduced

text: it

text: in

text: October

annotations: follows single

question: instance_of holika dahan

answer: holiday

text: holiday