text: Political satire is a significant part of satire that specializes in gaining entertainment from politics; it has also been used with subversive intent where political speech and dissent are forbidden by a regime, as a method of advancing political arguments where such arguments are expressly forbidden.

text: Political

text: satire

text: is

text: significant

text: part

text: of

text: satire

text: that

text: specializes

text: in

text: gaining

text: entertainment

text: from

text: politics

text: it

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: used

text: with

text: subversive

text: intent

text: where

text: political

text: speech

text: and

text: dissent

text: are

text: forbidden

text: by

text: regime

text: as

text: method

text: of

text: advancing

text: political

text: arguments

text: where

text: such

text: arguments

text: are

text: expressly

text: forbidden

text:
The desires, wants, and thinking of the majority of the people  or the collective opinion of the people of a society or state on an issue or problem  is called public opinion.
The English term "public opinion" dates back to the seventeenth century work by John Locke, "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding", which contains an early consideration of the importance of public opinion in the ordering of politics. The term was derived from the French word "l'opinion", which was first used in 1588 by Michel de Montaigne.

text: The

text: desires

text: wants

text: and

text: thinking

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: or

text: the

text: collective

text: opinion

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: society

text: or

text: state

text: on

text: an

text: issue

text: or

text: problem

text: is

text: called

text: public

text: opinion

text: The

text: English

text: term

text: public

text: opinion

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: seventeenth

text: century

text: work

text: by

text: John

text: Locke

text: An

text: Essay

text: Concerning

text: Human

text: Understanding

text: which

text: contains

text: an

text: early

text: consideration

text: of

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: public

text: opinion

text: in

text: the

text: ordering

text: of

text: politics

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: word

text: l'opinion

text: which

text: was

text: first

text: used

text: in

text: by

text: Michel

text: de

text: Montaigne

text: Genre (or ; from French "genre" , "kind" or "sort", from Latin "genus" (stem "gener-"), Greek , "gés")

text: Genre

text: or

text: from

text: French

text: genre

text: kind

text: or

text: sort

text: from

text: Latin

text: genus

text: stem

text: gener-

text: Greek

text: gés

text: Caffeine is a 2006 comedy starring Marsha Thomason , Mena Suvari , Breckin Meyer , Katherine Heigl , and Mike Vogel . It revolves around relationships of the staff and patrons of the quirky Black Cat Cafe in London one day .

text: Caffeine

text: is

text: comedy

text: starring

text: Marsha

text: Thomason

text: Mena

text: Suvari

text: Breckin

text: Meyer

text: Katherine

text: Heigl

text: and

text: Mike

text: Vogel

text: It

text: revolves

text: around

text: relationships

text: of

text: the

text: staff

text: and

text: patrons

text: of

text: the

text: quirky

text: Black

text: Cat

text: Cafe

text: in

text: London

text: one

text: day

text: Agon (Classical Greek ) is an ancient Greek term for a struggle or contest. This could be a contest in athletics, in chariot or horse racing, or in music or literature at a public festival in ancient Greece.

text: Agon

text: Classical

text: Greek

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: term

text: for

text: struggle

text: or

text: contest

text: This

text: could

text: be

text: contest

text: in

text: athletics

text: in

text: chariot

text: or

text: horse

text: racing

text: or

text: in

text: music

text: or

text: literature

text: at

text: public

text: festival

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: or

text: Britain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: country

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: Lying

text: off

text: the

text: north

text: western

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: mainland

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: loosely

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: whole

text: country

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: many

text: smaller

text: islands

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: that

text: shares

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: another

text: sovereign

text: statethe

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Apart

text: from

text: this

text: land

text: border

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: south

text: west

text: giving

text: it

text: the

text: longest

text: coastline

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Ireland

text: With

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Together

text: this

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Cloverfield is a 2008 American found footage monster horror film directed by Matt Reeves, produced by J. J. Abrams and Bryan Burk, and written by Drew Goddard. It is the first film in the "Cloverfield" franchise. Before settling on an official title, the film was marketed as "01-18-08". The film, which is presented as found footage shot with a home camcorder, follows six young New York City residents fleeing from a gigantic monster and various other smaller creatures that attack the city while they are having a farewell party. The film was well received by critics and it earned $170.8 million at the box office against a $25 million budget.

text: Cloverfield

text: is

text: American

text: found

text: footage

text: monster

text: horror

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Matt

text: Reeves

text: produced

text: by

text: Abrams

text: and

text: Bryan

text: Burk

text: and

text: written

text: by

text: Drew

text: Goddard

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: film

text: in

text: the

text: Cloverfield

text: franchise

text: Before

text: settling

text: on

text: an

text: official

text: title

text: the

text: film

text: was

text: marketed

text: as

text: The

text: film

text: which

text: is

text: presented

text: as

text: found

text: footage

text: shot

text: with

text: home

text: camcorder

text: follows

text: six

text: young

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: residents

text: fleeing

text: from

text: gigantic

text: monster

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: smaller

text: creatures

text: that

text: attack

text: the

text: city

text: while

text: they

text: are

text: having

text: farewell

text: party

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: well

text: received

text: by

text: critics

text: and

text: it

text: earned

text: million

text: at

text: the

text: box

text: office

text: against

text: million

text: budget

text: USA Network (commonly referred to as simply USA) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable division of NBCUniversal, itself a subsidiary of Comcast. Once a minor player in basic cable, the network has steadily gained popularity due to its original programming; USA also broadcasts syndicated reruns of current and former "network television" (i.e., broadcast) series and theatrically-released feature films, as well as limited sports programming.

text: USA

text: Network

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: simply

text: USA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: basic

text: cable

text: and

text: satellite

text: television

text: channel

text: that

text: is

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: NBCUniversal

text: Cable

text: division

text: of

text: NBCUniversal

text: itself

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Comcast

text: Once

text: minor

text: player

text: in

text: basic

text: cable

text: the

text: network

text: has

text: steadily

text: gained

text: popularity

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: original

text: programming

text: USA

text: also

text: broadcasts

text: syndicated

text: reruns

text: of

text: current

text: and

text: former

text: network

text: television

text: i.e.

text: broadcast

text: series

text: and

text: theatrically

text: released

text: feature

text: films

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: limited

text: sports

text: programming

text: In a modern sense, comedy (from the , "kmidía") refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a "Society of Youth" and a "Society of the Old". A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.

text: In

text: modern

text: sense

text: comedy

text: from

text: the

text: kmidía

text: refers

text: to

text: any

text: discourse

text: or

text: work

text: generally

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: humorous

text: or

text: amusing

text: by

text: inducing

text: laughter

text: especially

text: in

text: theatre

text: television

text: film

text: and

text: stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: The

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: are

text: found

text: in

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: In

text: the

text: Athenian

text: democracy

text: the

text: public

text: opinion

text: of

text: voters

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: political

text: satire

text: performed

text: by

text: the

text: comic

text: poets

text: at

text: the

text: theaters

text: The

text: theatrical

text: genre

text: of

text: Greek

text: comedy

text: can

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: dramatic

text: performance

text: which

text: pits

text: two

text: groups

text: or

text: societies

text: against

text: each

text: other

text: in

text: an

text: amusing

text: agon

text: or

text: conflict

text: Northrop

text: Frye

text: depicted

text: these

text: two

text: opposing

text: sides

text: as

text: Society

text: of

text: Youth

text: and

text: Society

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: revised

text: view

text: characterizes

text: the

text: essential

text: agon

text: of

text: comedy

text: as

text: struggle

text: between

text: relatively

text: powerless

text: youth

text: and

text: the

text: societal

text: conventions

text: that

text: pose

text: obstacles

text: to

text: his

text: hopes

text: In

text: this

text: struggle

text: the

text: youth

text: is

text: understood

text: to

text: be

text: constrained

text: by

text: his

text: lack

text: of

text: social

text: authority

text: and

text: is

text: left

text: with

text: little

text: choice

text: but

text: to

text: take

text: recourse

text: in

text: ruses

text: which

text: engender

text: very

text: dramatic

text: irony

text: which

text: provokes

text: laughter

text: Mena Alexandra Suvari (born February 13, 1979) is an American actress, fashion designer and model. Shortly after beginning her career as a model, Suvari appeared in guest roles on such 1990s television shows as "Boy Meets World" and "High Incident".

text: Mena

text: Alexandra

text: Suvari

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actress

text: fashion

text: designer

text: and

text: model

text: Shortly

text: after

text: beginning

text: her

text: career

text: as

text: model

text: Suvari

text: appeared

text: in

text: guest

text: roles

text: on

text: such

text: television

text: shows

text: as

text: Boy

text: Meets

text: World

text: and

text: High

text: Incident

text: England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.

text: England

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Scotland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: northwest

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: England

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: continental

text: Europe

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: country

text: covers

text: five

text: eighths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: which

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: its

text: centre

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: includes

text: over

text: smaller

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: and

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies, the supporting categories were not always genre, or even gender, specific. Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards, supporting actresses in drama have competed alone. However, these dramatic performances often included actresses from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

text: This

text: is

text: list

text: of

text: winners

text: and

text: nominees

text: of

text: the

text: Primetime

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: for

text: Outstanding

text: Supporting

text: Actress

text: in

text: Drama

text: Series

text: In

text: early

text: Primetime

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: ceremonies

text: the

text: supporting

text: categories

text: were

text: not

text: always

text: genre

text: or

text: even

text: gender

text: specific

text: Beginning

text: with

text: the

text: Primetime

text: Emmy

text: Awards

text: supporting

text: actresses

text: in

text: drama

text: have

text: competed

text: alone

text: However

text: these

text: dramatic

text: performances

text: often

text: included

text: actresses

text: from

text: miniseries

text: telefilms

text: and

text: guest

text: performers

text: competing

text: against

text: main

text: cast

text: competitors

text: Such

text: instances

text: are

text: marked

text: below

text: 27 Dresses is a 2008 comedy film directed by Anne Fletcher and written by Aline Brosh McKenna. The film stars Katherine Heigl and James Marsden. The film was released January 10, 2008 in Australia and opened in the United States on January 18.

text: Dresses

text: is

text: comedy

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Anne

text: Fletcher

text: and

text: written

text: by

text: Aline

text: Brosh

text: McKenna

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: Katherine

text: Heigl

text: and

text: James

text: Marsden

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: released

text: January

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: opened

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: January

text: Breckin Erin Meyer (born May 7, 1974) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian, writer, producer and drummer known for roles in films such as "Clueless", "Road Trip", "Rat Race" and the "Garfield" series.

text: Breckin

text: Erin

text: Meyer

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actor

text: voice

text: actor

text: comedian

text: writer

text: producer

text: and

text: drummer

text: known

text: for

text: roles

text: in

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: Clueless

text: Road

text: Trip

text: Rat

text: Race

text: and

text: the

text: Garfield

text: series

text: High Incident is a police drama series produced by DreamWorks Television for the ABC network. The show was created by Steven Spielberg, Michael Pavone, Eric Bogosian, and Dave Alan Johnson. It first aired on March 4, 1996, running a total of 32 episodes.

text: High

text: Incident

text: is

text: police

text: drama

text: series

text: produced

text: by

text: DreamWorks

text: Television

text: for

text: the

text: ABC

text: network

text: The

text: show

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: Steven

text: Spielberg

text: Michael

text: Pavone

text: Eric

text: Bogosian

text: and

text: Dave

text: Alan

text: Johnson

text: It

text: first

text: aired

text: on

text: March

text: running

text: total

text: of

text: episodes

text: Marsha Lisa Thomason (born 19 January 1976) is an English television and film actress who is best known for playing Nessa Holt in the first two seasons of the NBC series "Las Vegas", Naomi Dorrit on the ABC series "Lost", and FBI agent Diana Berrigan on the USA Network series "White Collar".

text: Marsha

text: Lisa

text: Thomason

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: television

text: and

text: film

text: actress

text: who

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: playing

text: Nessa

text: Holt

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: seasons

text: of

text: the

text: NBC

text: series

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Naomi

text: Dorrit

text: on

text: the

text: ABC

text: series

text: Lost

text: and

text: FBI

text: agent

text: Diana

text: Berrigan

text: on

text: the

text: USA

text: Network

text: series

text: White

text: Collar

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: Garfield is an American comic strip created by Jim Davis. Published since 1978, it chronicles the life of the title character, the cat Garfield, Jon, his owner, and Jon's dog, Odie. As of 2013, it was syndicated in roughly 2,580 newspapers and journals, and held the Guinness World Record for being the world's most widely syndicated comic strip.

text: Garfield

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: comic

text: strip

text: created

text: by

text: Jim

text: Davis

text: Published

text: since

text: it

text: chronicles

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: the

text: cat

text: Garfield

text: Jon

text: his

text: owner

text: and

text: Jon

text: 's

text: dog

text: Odie

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: was

text: syndicated

text: in

text: roughly

text: newspapers

text: and

text: journals

text: and

text: held

text: the

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Record

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: widely

text: syndicated

text: comic

text: strip

text: The Mayor of London is an elected politician who, along with the London Assembly of 25 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Greater London. The current mayor is Sadiq Khan, who took up office on 9 May 2016. The position had been held by Ken Livingstone from the creation of the role on 4 May 2000 until he was defeated in 2008 by Boris Johnson, who served two terms before being succeeded by Khan.

text: The

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: is

text: an

text: elected

text: politician

text: who

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: of

text: members

text: is

text: accountable

text: for

text: the

text: strategic

text: government

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: The

text: current

text: mayor

text: is

text: Sadiq

text: Khan

text: who

text: took

text: up

text: office

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: position

text: had

text: been

text: held

text: by

text: Ken

text: Livingstone

text: from

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: role

text: on

text: May

text: until

text: he

text: was

text: defeated

text: in

text: by

text: Boris

text: Johnson

text: who

text: served

text: two

text: terms

text: before

text: being

text: succeeded

text: by

text: Khan

text: The Ugly Truth is a 2009 American romantic comedy film starring Katherine Heigl and Gerard Butler. The film was released in North America on July 24, 2009 by Columbia Pictures.

text: The

text: Ugly

text: Truth

text: is

text: American

text: romantic

text: comedy

text: film

text: starring

text: Katherine

text: Heigl

text: and

text: Gerard

text: Butler

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: July

text: by

text: Columbia

text: Pictures

text: Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom that chronicles the coming-of-age events and everyday life-lessons of Cory Matthews (portrayed by Ben Savage). The show follows Cory and his friends and family through seven seasons, from his middle school days as a pre-pubescent child to his life in college as a married man. The show aired from 1993 to 2000 on ABC, part of the network's TGIF lineup. The entire series has since been released on DVD, as well as on iTunes. A sequel titled "Girl Meets World", focusing on Cory and Topanga and their teen daughter Riley, ran on Disney Channel from June 27, 2014 to January 20, 2017.

text: Boy

text: Meets

text: World

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: television

text: sitcom

text: that

text: chronicles

text: the

text: coming

text: of

text: age

text: events

text: and

text: everyday

text: life

text: lessons

text: of

text: Cory

text: Matthews

text: portrayed

text: by

text: Ben

text: Savage

text: The

text: show

text: follows

text: Cory

text: and

text: his

text: friends

text: and

text: family

text: through

text: seven

text: seasons

text: from

text: his

text: middle

text: school

text: days

text: as

text: pre

text: pubescent

text: child

text: to

text: his

text: life

text: in

text: college

text: as

text: married

text: man

text: The

text: show

text: aired

text: from

text: to

text: on

text: ABC

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: network

text: 's

text: TGIF

text: lineup

text: The

text: entire

text: series

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: released

text: on

text: DVD

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: on

text: iTunes

text: sequel

text: titled

text: Girl

text: Meets

text: World

text: focusing

text: on

text: Cory

text: and

text: Topanga

text: and

text: their

text: teen

text: daughter

text: Riley

text: ran

text: on

text: Disney

text: Channel

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: January

text: Laughter is a physical reaction in humans and some other species of primate, consisting typically of rhythmical, often audible contractions of the diaphragm and other parts of the respiratory system. It is a response to certain external or internal stimuli. Laughter can arise from such activities as being tickled, or from humorous stories or thoughts. Most commonly, it is considered a visual expression of a number of positive emotional states, such as joy, mirth, happiness, relief, etc. On some occasions, however, it may be caused by contrary emotional states such as embarrassment, apology, or confusion such as nervous laughter or courtesy laugh. Age, gender, education, language, and culture are all factors as to whether a person will experience laughter in a given situation.

text: Laughter

text: is

text: physical

text: reaction

text: in

text: humans

text: and

text: some

text: other

text: species

text: of

text: primate

text: consisting

text: typically

text: of

text: rhythmical

text: often

text: audible

text: contractions

text: of

text: the

text: diaphragm

text: and

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: respiratory

text: system

text: It

text: is

text: response

text: to

text: certain

text: external

text: or

text: internal

text: stimuli

text: Laughter

text: can

text: arise

text: from

text: such

text: activities

text: as

text: being

text: tickled

text: or

text: from

text: humorous

text: stories

text: or

text: thoughts

text: Most

text: commonly

text: it

text: is

text: considered

text: visual

text: expression

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: positive

text: emotional

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: joy

text: mirth

text: happiness

text: relief

text: etc

text: On

text: some

text: occasions

text: however

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: caused

text: by

text: contrary

text: emotional

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: embarrassment

text: apology

text: or

text: confusion

text: such

text: as

text: nervous

text: laughter

text: or

text: courtesy

text: laugh

text: Age

text: gender

text: education

text: language

text: and

text: culture

text: are

text: all

text: factors

text: as

text: to

text: whether

text: person

text: will

text: experience

text: laughter

text: in

text: given

text: situation

text: Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, and dance. Elements of art, such as painted scenery and stagecraft such as lighting are used to enhance the physicality, presence and immediacy of the experience. The specific place of the performance is also named by the word "theatre" as derived from the Ancient Greek  (théatron, "a place for viewing"), itself from  (theáomai, "to see", "to watch", "to observe").

text: Theatre

text: or

text: theater

text: is

text: collaborative

text: form

text: of

text: fine

text: art

text: that

text: uses

text: live

text: performers

text: typically

text: actors

text: or

text: actresses

text: to

text: present

text: the

text: experience

text: of

text: real

text: or

text: imagined

text: event

text: before

text: live

text: audience

text: in

text: specific

text: place

text: often

text: stage

text: The

text: performers

text: may

text: communicate

text: this

text: experience

text: to

text: the

text: audience

text: through

text: combinations

text: of

text: gesture

text: speech

text: song

text: music

text: and

text: dance

text: Elements

text: of

text: art

text: such

text: as

text: painted

text: scenery

text: and

text: stagecraft

text: such

text: as

text: lighting

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: enhance

text: the

text: physicality

text: presence

text: and

text: immediacy

text: of

text: the

text: experience

text: The

text: specific

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: performance

text: is

text: also

text: named

text: by

text: the

text: word

text: theatre

text: as

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: théatron

text: place

text: for

text: viewing

text: itself

text: from

text: theáomai

text: to

text: see

text: to

text: watch

text: to

text: observe

text: Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society.

text: Satire

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: literature

text: and

text: sometimes

text: graphic

text: and

text: performing

text: arts

text: in

text: which

text: vices

text: follies

text: abuses

text: and

text: shortcomings

text: are

text: held

text: up

text: to

text: ridicule

text: ideally

text: with

text: the

text: intent

text: of

text: shaming

text: individuals

text: corporations

text: government

text: or

text: society

text: itself

text: into

text: improvement

text: Although

text: satire

text: is

text: usually

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: humorous

text: its

text: greater

text: purpose

text: is

text: often

text: constructive

text: social

text: criticism

text: using

text: wit

text: to

text: draw

text: attention

text: to

text: both

text: particular

text: and

text: wider

text: issues

text: in

text: society

text: Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th-9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD). Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era. Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the period of Archaic Greece and colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the period of Classical Greece, an era that began with the Greco-Persian Wars, lasting from the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Due to the conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea. The Hellenistic period came to an end with the conquests and annexations of the eastern Mediterranean world by the Roman Republic, which established the Roman province of Macedonia in Roman Greece, and later the province of Achaea during the Roman Empire.

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: was

text: civilization

text: belonging

text: to

text: period

text: of

text: Greek

text: history

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: Dark

text: Ages

text: of

text: the

text: centuries

text: BC

text: to

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: antiquity

text: AD

text: Immediately

text: following

text: this

text: period

text: was

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: era

text: Roughly

text: three

text: centuries

text: after

text: the

text: Late

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: collapse

text: of

text: Mycenaean

text: Greece

text: Greek

text: urban

text: poleis

text: began

text: to

text: form

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: ushering

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: Archaic

text: Greece

text: and

text: colonization

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: This

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: Classical

text: Greece

text: an

text: era

text: that

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: Greco

text: Persian

text: Wars

text: lasting

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: centuries

text: BC

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: conquests

text: by

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: Hellenistic

text: civilization

text: flourished

text: from

text: Central

text: Asia

text: to

text: the

text: western

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: with

text: the

text: conquests

text: and

text: annexations

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: Mediterranean

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: which

text: established

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: in

text: Roman

text: Greece

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Achaea

text: during

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is headquartered in the Comcast Building (formerly known as the GE Building) at Rockefeller Center in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at Universal City Plaza), Chicago (at the NBC Tower) and soon in Philadelphia at Comcast Innovation and Technology Center. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. NBC is sometimes referred to as the "Peacock Network", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, which was originally created in 1956 for its then-new color broadcasts and became the network's official emblem in 1979.

text: The

text: National

text: Broadcasting

text: Company

text: NBC

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: commercial

text: broadcast

text: television

text: network

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: flagship

text: property

text: of

text: NBCUniversal

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Comcast

text: The

text: network

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: the

text: Comcast

text: Building

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: GE

text: Building

text: at

text: Rockefeller

text: Center

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: with

text: additional

text: major

text: offices

text: near

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: at

text: Universal

text: City

text: Plaza

text: Chicago

text: at

text: the

text: NBC

text: Tower

text: and

text: soon

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: at

text: Comcast

text: Innovation

text: and

text: Technology

text: Center

text: The

text: network

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Three

text: television

text: networks

text: NBC

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Peacock

text: Network

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: its

text: stylized

text: peacock

text: logo

text: which

text: was

text: originally

text: created

text: in

text: for

text: its

text: then

text: new

text: color

text: broadcasts

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: network

text: 's

text: official

text: emblem

text: in

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text: Knocked Up is a 2007 American romantic comedy film written, directed, and co-produced by Judd Apatow, and starring Seth Rogen, Katherine Heigl, Paul Rudd, and Leslie Mann. It follows the repercussions of a drunken one-night stand between a slacker and a just-promoted media personality that results in an unintended pregnancy.

text: Knocked

text: Up

text: is

text: American

text: romantic

text: comedy

text: film

text: written

text: directed

text: and

text: co

text: produced

text: by

text: Judd

text: Apatow

text: and

text: starring

text: Seth

text: Rogen

text: Katherine

text: Heigl

text: Paul

text: Rudd

text: and

text: Leslie

text: Mann

text: It

text: follows

text: the

text: repercussions

text: of

text: drunken

text: one

text: night

text: stand

text: between

text: slacker

text: and

text: just

text: promoted

text: media

text: personality

text: that

text: results

text: in

text: an

text: unintended

text: pregnancy

text: Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement on March 27, 2005. The series focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns, residents, and attendings as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships. The title is a play on "Gray's Anatomy", a human anatomy textbook by Henry Gray. The show's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg. Although the show is set in Seattle at the fictional Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital (Formerly Seattle Grace-Mercy West) it is primarily filmed in Los Angeles, California. The show was originally titled "Complications" following the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the cast.

text: Grey

text: 's

text: Anatomy

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: medical

text: drama

text: television

text: series

text: that

text: premiered

text: on

text: American

text: Broadcasting

text: Company

text: ABC

text: as

text: mid

text: season

text: replacement

text: on

text: March

text: The

text: series

text: focuses

text: on

text: the

text: fictional

text: lives

text: of

text: surgical

text: interns

text: residents

text: and

text: attendings

text: as

text: they

text: gradually

text: evolve

text: into

text: seasoned

text: doctors

text: while

text: trying

text: to

text: maintain

text: personal

text: lives

text: and

text: relationships

text: The

text: title

text: is

text: play

text: on

text: Gray

text: 's

text: Anatomy

text: human

text: anatomy

text: textbook

text: by

text: Henry

text: Gray

text: The

text: show

text: 's

text: premise

text: originated

text: with

text: Shonda

text: Rhimes

text: who

text: serves

text: as

text: an

text: executive

text: producer

text: along

text: with

text: Betsy

text: Beers

text: Mark

text: Gordon

text: Krista

text: Vernoff

text: Rob

text: Corn

text: Mark

text: Wilding

text: and

text: Allan

text: Heinberg

text: Although

text: the

text: show

text: is

text: set

text: in

text: Seattle

text: at

text: the

text: fictional

text: Grey

text: Sloan

text: Memorial

text: Hospital

text: Formerly

text: Seattle

text: Grace

text: Mercy

text: West

text: it

text: is

text: primarily

text: filmed

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: California

text: The

text: show

text: was

text: originally

text: titled

text: Complications

text: following

text: the

text: complicated

text: medical

text: procedures

text: and

text: personal

text: lives

text: of

text: the

text: cast

text:
Irony, in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event in which what appears, on the surface, to be the case, differs radically from what is actually the case. Irony may be divided into categories such as verbal, dramatic, and situational.
Verbal, dramatic, and situational irony are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. The ironic form of simile, used in sarcasm, and some forms of litotes can emphasize one's meaning by the deliberate use of language which states the opposite of the truth, denies the contrary of the truth, or drastically and obviously understates a factual connection.

text: Irony

text: in

text: its

text: broadest

text: sense

text: is

text: rhetorical

text: device

text: literary

text: technique

text: or

text: event

text: in

text: which

text: what

text: appears

text: on

text: the

text: surface

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: case

text: differs

text: radically

text: from

text: what

text: is

text: actually

text: the

text: case

text: Irony

text: may

text: be

text: divided

text: into

text: categories

text: such

text: as

text: verbal

text: dramatic

text: and

text: situational

text: Verbal

text: dramatic

text: and

text: situational

text: irony

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: for

text: emphasis

text: in

text: the

text: assertion

text: of

text: truth

text: The

text: ironic

text: form

text: of

text: simile

text: used

text: in

text: sarcasm

text: and

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: litotes

text: can

text: emphasize

text: one

text: 's

text: meaning

text: by

text: the

text: deliberate

text: use

text: of

text: language

text: which

text: states

text: the

text: opposite

text: of

text: the

text: truth

text: denies

text: the

text: contrary

text: of

text: the

text: truth

text: or

text: drastically

text: and

text: obviously

text: understates

text: factual

text: connection

text: Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program ("TV show"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.

text: Television

text: or

text: TV

text: is

text: telecommunication

text: medium

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: moving

text: images

text: in

text: monochrome

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: or

text: in

text: color

text: and

text: in

text: two

text: or

text: three

text: dimensions

text: and

text: sound

text: It

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: television

text: set

text: television

text: program

text: TV

text: show

text: or

text: the

text: medium

text: of

text: television

text: transmission

text: Television

text: is

text: mass

text: medium

text: for

text: entertainment

text: education

text: news

text: and

text: advertising

text: A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects.

text: film

text: also

text: called

text: movie

text: motion

text: picture

text: theatrical

text: film

text: or

text: photoplay

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: still

text: images

text: which

text: when

text: shown

text: on

text: screen

text: creates

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: moving

text: images

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: This

text: optical

text: illusion

text: causes

text: the

text: audience

text: to

text: perceive

text: continuous

text: motion

text: between

text: separate

text: objects

text: viewed

text: rapidly

text: in

text: succession

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: is

text: both

text: an

text: art

text: and

text: an

text: industry

text: film

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: photographing

text: actual

text: scenes

text: with

text: motion

text: picture

text: camera

text: by

text: photographing

text: drawings

text: or

text: miniature

text: models

text: using

text: traditional

text: animation

text: techniques

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: CGI

text: and

text: computer

text: animation

text: or

text: by

text: combination

text: of

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: techniques

text: and

text: other

text: visual

text: effects

text: Katherine Marie Heigl (born November 24, 1978) is an American actress, film producer and former fashion model. She played Izzie Stevens on ABC's medical drama "Grey's Anatomy" from 2005 to 2010, a role for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2007. She has also starred in films, such as "", "The Nut Job", "Knocked Up", "27 Dresses", "The Ugly Truth", "Killers", "Life As We Know It" and "New Year's Eve", Jenny's Wedding. She played the main character in the television series "State of Affairs" from 2014 to 2015.

text: Katherine

text: Marie

text: Heigl

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actress

text: film

text: producer

text: and

text: former

text: fashion

text: model

text: She

text: played

text: Izzie

text: Stevens

text: on

text: ABC

text: 's

text: medical

text: drama

text: Grey

text: 's

text: Anatomy

text: from

text: to

text: role

text: for

text: which

text: she

text: won

text: the

text: Primetime

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: for

text: Outstanding

text: Supporting

text: Actress

text: in

text: Drama

text: Series

text: in

text: She

text: has

text: also

text: starred

text: in

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Nut

text: Job

text: Knocked

text: Up

text: Dresses

text: The

text: Ugly

text: Truth

text: Killers

text: Life

text: As

text: We

text: Know

text: It

text: and

text: New

text: Year

text: 's

text: Eve

text: Jenny

text: 's

text: Wedding

text: She

text: played

text: the

text: main

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: television

text: series

text: State

text: of

text: Affairs

text: from

text: to

text: Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south. For government statistical purposes, it is placed in the East of England region.

text: Hertfordshire

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: Herts

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: southern

text: England

text: bordered

text: by

text: Bedfordshire

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Cambridgeshire

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Essex

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Buckinghamshire

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Greater

text: London

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: For

text: government

text: statistical

text: purposes

text: it

text: is

text: placed

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: of

text: England

text: region

text: Michael James "Mike" Vogel (born July 17, 1979) is an American actor and former model. Vogel began acting in 2001, and has since appeared in several films and series, including "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre", "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants", "Grind", "Poseidon", "Blue Valentine", "The Help", "Bates Motel", "Cloverfield" and "Under the Dome".

text: Michael

text: James

text: Mike

text: Vogel

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actor

text: and

text: former

text: model

text: Vogel

text: began

text: acting

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: since

text: appeared

text: in

text: several

text: films

text: and

text: series

text: including

text: The

text: Texas

text: Chainsaw

text: Massacre

text: The

text: Sisterhood

text: of

text: the

text: Traveling

text: Pants

text: Grind

text: Poseidon

text: Blue

text: Valentine

text: The

text: Help

text: Bates

text: Motel

text: Cloverfield

text: and

text: Under

text: the

text: Dome

text: Stand-up comedy is a comic style in which a comedian performs in front of a live audience, usually speaking directly to them. The performer is commonly known as a comic, stand-up comic, stand-up comedian, or simply a stand-up. In stand-up comedy, the comedian usually recites a grouping of humorous stories, jokes and one-liners typically called a monologue, routine, or act. Some stand-up comedians use props, music, or magic tricks to "enhance" their acts. Stand-up comedy is often performed in comedy clubs, bars and pubs, nightclubs, neo-burlesques, colleges and theatres. Outside of live performance, stand-up is often distributed commercially via television, DVD, CD and the internet.

text: Stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: is

text: comic

text: style

text: in

text: which

text: comedian

text: performs

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: live

text: audience

text: usually

text: speaking

text: directly

text: to

text: them

text: The

text: performer

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: comic

text: stand

text: up

text: comic

text: stand

text: up

text: comedian

text: or

text: simply

text: stand

text: up

text: In

text: stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: the

text: comedian

text: usually

text: recites

text: grouping

text: of

text: humorous

text: stories

text: jokes

text: and

text: one

text: liners

text: typically

text: called

text: monologue

text: routine

text: or

text: act

text: Some

text: stand

text: up

text: comedians

text: use

text: props

text: music

text: or

text: magic

text: tricks

text: to

text: enhance

text: their

text: acts

text: Stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: is

text: often

text: performed

text: in

text: comedy

text: clubs

text: bars

text: and

text: pubs

text: nightclubs

text: neo

text: burlesques

text: colleges

text: and

text: theatres

text: Outside

text: of

text: live

text: performance

text: stand

text: up

text: is

text: often

text: distributed

text: commercially

text: via

text: television

text: DVD

text: CD

text: and

text: the

text: internet

text: Isobel Katherine "Izzie" Stevens, M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and was portrayed by actress Katherine Heigl from 2005 to 2010. Introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Izzie worked her way up to resident level, while her relationships with her colleagues Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), George O'Malley (T.R. Knight) and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) formed a focal point of the series.

text: Isobel

text: Katherine

text: Izzie

text: Stevens

text: M.D.

text: is

text: fictional

text: character

text: from

text: the

text: medical

text: drama

text: television

text: series

text: Grey

text: 's

text: Anatomy

text: which

text: airs

text: on

text: the

text: American

text: Broadcasting

text: Company

text: ABC

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: character

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: series

text: producer

text: Shonda

text: Rhimes

text: and

text: was

text: portrayed

text: by

text: actress

text: Katherine

text: Heigl

text: from

text: to

text: Introduced

text: as

text: surgical

text: intern

text: at

text: the

text: fictional

text: Seattle

text: Grace

text: Hospital

text: Izzie

text: worked

text: her

text: way

text: up

text: to

text: resident

text: level

text: while

text: her

text: relationships

text: with

text: her

text: colleagues

text: Meredith

text: Grey

text: Ellen

text: Pompeo

text: Cristina

text: Yang

text: Sandra

text: Oh

text: George

text: O'Malley

text: T.R.

text: Knight

text: and

text: Alex

text: Karev

text: Justin

text: Chambers

text: formed

text: focal

text: point

text: of

text: the

text: series

text: A medical drama is a television program in which events center upon a hospital, an ambulance staff, or any medical environment and most medical episodes are one hour long and set in a hospital. Most current medical dramatic programming go beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. A typical medical drama might have a storyline in which two doctors fall in love. Communications theorist Marshall McLuhan, in his on the nature of media, predicted success for this particular genre on TV because the medium "creates an obsession with bodily welfare".

text: medical

text: drama

text: is

text: television

text: program

text: in

text: which

text: events

text: center

text: upon

text: hospital

text: an

text: ambulance

text: staff

text: or

text: any

text: medical

text: environment

text: and

text: most

text: medical

text: episodes

text: are

text: one

text: hour

text: long

text: and

text: set

text: in

text: hospital

text: Most

text: current

text: medical

text: dramatic

text: programming

text: go

text: beyond

text: the

text: events

text: pertaining

text: to

text: the

text: characters

text: jobs

text: and

text: portray

text: some

text: aspects

text: of

text: their

text: personal

text: lives

text: typical

text: medical

text: drama

text: might

text: have

text: storyline

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: doctors

text: fall

text: in

text: love

text: Communications

text: theorist

text: Marshall

text: McLuhan

text: in

text: his

text: on

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: media

text: predicted

text: success

text: for

text: this

text: particular

text: genre

text: on

text: TV

text: because

text: the

text: medium

text: creates

text: an

text: obsession

text: with

text: bodily

text: welfare

annotations: follows single

question: genre caffeine

answer: romantic comedy

text: romantic comedy

text: romantic comedy


text: The Kosmos ( also spelled Cosmos , Russian :  ) rockets were a series of Soviet and subsequently Russian rockets , derived from the R - 12 and R - 14 missiles , the best known of which is the Kosmos - 3M , which has made over 440 launches . The Kosmos family contained a number of rockets , both carrier rockets and sounding rockets , for orbital and sub-orbital spaceflight respectively . The first variant , the Kosmos - 2I , first flew on 27 October 1961 . Over 700 Kosmos rockets have been launched overall .

text: The

text: Kosmos

text: also

text: spelled

text: Cosmos

text: Russian

text: rockets

text: were

text: series

text: of

text: Soviet

text: and

text: subsequently

text: Russian

text: rockets

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: and

text: missiles

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: Kosmos

text: which

text: has

text: made

text: over

text: launches

text: The

text: Kosmos

text: family

text: contained

text: number

text: of

text: rockets

text: both

text: carrier

text: rockets

text: and

text: sounding

text: rockets

text: for

text: orbital

text: and

text: sub

text: orbital

text: spaceflight

text: respectively

text: The

text: first

text: variant

text: the

text: Kosmos

text: first

text: flew

text: on

text: October

text: Over

text: Kosmos

text: rockets

text: have

text: been

text: launched

text: overall

text:
In spaceflight, a launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket used to carry a payload from Earth's surface into outer space. A launch system includes the launch vehicle, the launch pad, and other infrastructure.
Although a carrier rocket's payload is often an artificial satellite placed into orbit, some spaceflights, such as sounding rockets, are sub-orbital, while others enable spacecraft to escape Earth orbit entirely.

text: In

text: spaceflight

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: or

text: carrier

text: rocket

text: is

text: rocket

text: used

text: to

text: carry

text: payload

text: from

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: into

text: outer

text: space

text: launch

text: system

text: includes

text: the

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: the

text: launch

text: pad

text: and

text: other

text: infrastructure

text: Although

text: carrier

text: rocket

text: 's

text: payload

text: is

text: often

text: an

text: artificial

text: satellite

text: placed

text: into

text: orbit

text: some

text: spaceflights

text: such

text: as

text: sounding

text: rockets

text: are

text: sub

text: orbital

text: while

text: others

text: enable

text: spacecraft

text: to

text: escape

text: Earth

text: orbit

text: entirely

text: The Kosmos-3 (GRAU Index: 11K65, also known as Cosmos-3) was a Soviet carrier rocket, derived from the R-14 missile, which was used to orbit satellites between 1966 and 1968. It was quickly replaced by the modernised Kosmos-3M. Six were flown, four as orbital carrier rockets, and two on sub-orbital flights. All launches occurred from Site 41/15 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

text: The

text: GRAU

text: Index

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: was

text: Soviet

text: carrier

text: rocket

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: missile

text: which

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: orbit

text: satellites

text: between

text: and

text: It

text: was

text: quickly

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: modernised

text: Six

text: were

text: flown

text: four

text: as

text: orbital

text: carrier

text: rockets

text: and

text: two

text: on

text: sub

text: orbital

text: flights

text: All

text: launches

text: occurred

text: from

text: Site

text: at

text: the

text: Baikonur

text: Cosmodrome

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: The Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (GRAU) is a department of the Russian (ex-Soviet) Ministry of Defense. It is subordinate to the Chief of Armament and Munition of the Russian Armed Forces, a vice-minister of defense.

text: The

text: Main

text: Missile

text: and

text: Artillery

text: Directorate

text: of

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defense

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: GRAU

text: is

text: department

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: ex

text: Soviet

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defense

text: It

text: is

text: subordinate

text: to

text: the

text: Chief

text: of

text: Armament

text: and

text: Munition

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: vice

text: minister

text: of

text: defense

text: Kosmos-2I (GRAU Index: 11K63, also known as Cosmos-2I) is the designation applied to two Soviet carrier rockets, members of the R-12 family, which were used to orbit satellites between 1961 and 1977. They were superseded by the R-14 derived Kosmos-3 and Kosmos-3M.

text: GRAU

text: Index

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: is

text: the

text: designation

text: applied

text: to

text: two

text: Soviet

text: carrier

text: rockets

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: which

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: orbit

text: satellites

text: between

text: and

text: They

text: were

text: superseded

text: by

text: the

text: derived

text: and

text: A rocket (from Italian "rocchetto" "bobbin") is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle that obtains thrust from a rocket engine. Rocket engine exhaust is formed entirely from propellant carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction and push rockets forward simply by expelling their exhaust in the opposite direction at high speed, and can therefore work in the vacuum of space.

text: rocket

text: from

text: Italian

text: rocchetto

text: bobbin

text: is

text: missile

text: spacecraft

text: aircraft

text: or

text: other

text: vehicle

text: that

text: obtains

text: thrust

text: from

text: rocket

text: engine

text: Rocket

text: engine

text: exhaust

text: is

text: formed

text: entirely

text: from

text: propellant

text: carried

text: within

text: the

text: rocket

text: before

text: use

text: Rocket

text: engines

text: work

text: by

text: action

text: and

text: reaction

text: and

text: push

text: rockets

text: forward

text: simply

text: by

text: expelling

text: their

text: exhaust

text: in

text: the

text: opposite

text: direction

text: at

text: high

text: speed

text: and

text: can

text: therefore

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: vacuum

text: of

text: space

text: The Kosmos-3M (meaning ""Cosmos"", GRAU index 11K65M) is a Russian space launch vehicle. It is a liquid-fueled two-stage rocket, first launched in 1967 and with over 420 successful launches to its name. The Kosmos-3M uses UDMH fuel and AK27I oxidizer (red fuming nitric acid) to lift roughly of payload into orbit. It differed from the earlier Kosmos-3 in its finer control of the second-stage burn, allowing operators to tune the thrust and even channel it through nozzles that helped orient the rocket for the launching of multiple satellites at one time. PO Polyot has manufactured these launch vehicles in the Russian town of Omsk for decades. It was originally scheduled to be retired from service in 2011; however, in April 2010 the Commander of the Russian Space Forces confirmed that it would be retired by the end of 2010. One further launch, with Kanopus-ST, was planned; however, this was cancelled in late 2012 as the rocket had exceeded its design life while in storage ahead of the launch.

text: The

text: meaning

text: Cosmos

text: GRAU

text: index

text: is

text: Russian

text: space

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: It

text: is

text: liquid

text: fueled

text: two

text: stage

text: rocket

text: first

text: launched

text: in

text: and

text: with

text: over

text: successful

text: launches

text: to

text: its

text: name

text: The

text: uses

text: UDMH

text: fuel

text: and

text: oxidizer

text: red

text: fuming

text: nitric

text: acid

text: to

text: lift

text: roughly

text: of

text: payload

text: into

text: orbit

text: It

text: differed

text: from

text: the

text: earlier

text: in

text: its

text: finer

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: stage

text: burn

text: allowing

text: operators

text: to

text: tune

text: the

text: thrust

text: and

text: even

text: channel

text: it

text: through

text: nozzles

text: that

text: helped

text: orient

text: the

text: rocket

text: for

text: the

text: launching

text: of

text: multiple

text: satellites

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: PO

text: Polyot

text: has

text: manufactured

text: these

text: launch

text: vehicles

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: town

text: of

text: Omsk

text: for

text: decades

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: scheduled

text: to

text: be

text: retired

text: from

text: service

text: in

text: however

text: in

text: April

text: the

text: Commander

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Space

text: Forces

text: confirmed

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: retired

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: One

text: further

text: launch

text: with

text: Kanopus

text: ST

text: was

text: planned

text: however

text: this

text: was

text: cancelled

text: in

text: late

text: as

text: the

text: rocket

text: had

text: exceeded

text: its

text: design

text: life

text: while

text: in

text: storage

text: ahead

text: of

text: the

text: launch

text: Omsk is a city and the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia, located in southwestern Siberia from Moscow. With a population of 1,154,116, it is Russia's second-largest city east of the Ural Mountains after Novosibirsk, and seventh by size nationally.

text: Omsk

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: center

text: of

text: Omsk

text: Oblast

text: Russia

text: located

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Siberia

text: from

text: Moscow

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: Russia

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: Mountains

text: after

text: Novosibirsk

text: and

text: seventh

text: by

text: size

text: nationally

text: Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) is a storable oxidizer used as a rocket propellant. It consists of 84% nitric acid, 13% dinitrogen tetroxide and 12% water. The color of red fuming nitric acid is due to the dinitrogen tetroxide, which breaks down partially to form nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide dissolves until the liquid is saturated, and evaporates off into fumes with a suffocating odor. RFNA increases the flammability of combustible materials and is highly exothermic when reacting with water.

text: Red

text: fuming

text: nitric

text: acid

text: RFNA

text: is

text: storable

text: oxidizer

text: used

text: as

text: rocket

text: propellant

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: nitric

text: acid

text: dinitrogen

text: tetroxide

text: and

text: water

text: The

text: color

text: of

text: red

text: fuming

text: nitric

text: acid

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: dinitrogen

text: tetroxide

text: which

text: breaks

text: down

text: partially

text: to

text: form

text: nitrogen

text: dioxide

text: The

text: nitrogen

text: dioxide

text: dissolves

text: until

text: the

text: liquid

text: is

text: saturated

text: and

text: evaporates

text: off

text: into

text: fumes

text: with

text: suffocating

text: odor

text: RFNA

text: increases

text: the

text: flammability

text: of

text: combustible

text: materials

text: and

text: is

text: highly

text: exothermic

text: when

text: reacting

text: with

text: water

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely single

question: subclass_of kosmos

answer: launch vehicle

text: launch vehicle

text: launch vehicle

text: launch vehicle


text: Tennessee ("Tanasi") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 654,610. Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 655,770.

text: Tennessee

text: Tanasi

text: is

text: state

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southeastern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Tennessee

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Tennessee

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Kentucky

text: and

text: Virginia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: North

text: Carolina

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Georgia

text: Alabama

text: and

text: Mississippi

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Arkansas

text: and

text: Missouri

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: dominate

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: forms

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: western

text: border

text: Tennessee

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Nashville

text: which

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: Memphis

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets.

text: mountain

text: range

text: also

text: mountain

text: barrier

text: belt

text: or

text: system

text: is

text: geographic

text: area

text: containing

text: numerous

text: geologically

text: related

text: mountains

text: mountain

text: system

text: or

text: system

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: sometimes

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: combine

text: several

text: geological

text: features

text: that

text: are

text: geographically

text: regionally

text: related

text: On

text: Earth

text: most

text: significant

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: plate

text: tectonics

text: though

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: formed

text: by

text: range

text: of

text: processes

text: are

text: found

text: on

text: many

text: planetary

text: mass

text: objects

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: are

text: likely

text: feature

text: of

text: most

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: Appalachia is a cultural region in the Eastern United States that stretches from the Southern Tier of New York to northern Alabama, Mississippi and Georgia. While the Appalachian Mountains stretch from Belle Isle (Newfoundland and Labrador) in Canada to Cheaha Mountain in Alabama, the cultural region of Appalachia typically refers only to the central and southern portions of the range. As of the 2010 United States Census, the region was home to approximately 25 million people.

text: Appalachia

text: is

text: cultural

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: United

text: States

text: that

text: stretches

text: from

text: the

text: Southern

text: Tier

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: northern

text: Alabama

text: Mississippi

text: and

text: Georgia

text: While

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: stretch

text: from

text: Belle

text: Isle

text: Newfoundland

text: and

text: Labrador

text: in

text: Canada

text: to

text: Cheaha

text: Mountain

text: in

text: Alabama

text: the

text: cultural

text: region

text: of

text: Appalachia

text: typically

text: refers

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: central

text: and

text: southern

text: portions

text: of

text: the

text: range

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: the

text: region

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: North Carolina is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west, Virginia to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. North Carolina is the 28th most extensive and the 9th most populous of the U.S. states. The state is divided into 100 counties. The capital is Raleigh. The most populous municipality is Charlotte, and it is the second largest banking center in the United States after New York City.

text: North

text: Carolina

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: southeastern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: state

text: borders

text: South

text: Carolina

text: and

text: Georgia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Tennessee

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Virginia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: North

text: Carolina

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: extensive

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: states

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: counties

text: The

text: capital

text: is

text: Raleigh

text: The

text: most

text: populous

text: municipality

text: is

text: Charlotte

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: banking

text: center

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. It once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before naturally occurring erosion. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east-west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most roads running east or west.

text: The

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: often

text: called

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: are

text: system

text: of

text: mountains

text: in

text: eastern

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: Appalachians

text: first

text: formed

text: roughly

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: during

text: the

text: Ordovician

text: Period

text: It

text: once

text: reached

text: elevations

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: before

text: naturally

text: occurring

text: erosion

text: The

text: Appalachian

text: chain

text: is

text: barrier

text: to

text: east

text: west

text: travel

text: as

text: it

text: forms

text: series

text: of

text: alternating

text: ridgelines

text: and

text: valleys

text: oriented

text: in

text: opposition

text: to

text: most

text: roads

text: running

text: east

text: or

text: west

text: Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park and UNESCO World Heritage Site that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which are a division of the larger Appalachian Mountain chain. The border between Tennessee and North Carolina runs northeast to southwest through the centerline of the park. It is the most visited national park in the United States. On its route from Maine to Georgia, the Appalachian Trail also passes through the center of the park. The park was chartered by the United States Congress in 1934 and officially dedicated by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1940. It encompasses , making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States. The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) at the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Cherokee, North Carolina. It was the first national park whose land and other costs were paid for in part with federal funds; previous parks were funded wholly with state money or private funds. Due to the 2016 Great Smoky Mountains wildfires, the Park was under evacuation orders, along with some towns and cities located nearby.

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: National

text: Park

text: is

text: United

text: States

text: National

text: Park

text: and

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: that

text: straddles

text: the

text: ridgeline

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Mountains

text: which

text: are

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: Appalachian

text: Mountain

text: chain

text: The

text: border

text: between

text: Tennessee

text: and

text: North

text: Carolina

text: runs

text: northeast

text: to

text: southwest

text: through

text: the

text: centerline

text: of

text: the

text: park

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: visited

text: national

text: park

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: On

text: its

text: route

text: from

text: Maine

text: to

text: Georgia

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Trail

text: also

text: passes

text: through

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: park

text: The

text: park

text: was

text: chartered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: in

text: and

text: officially

text: dedicated

text: by

text: President

text: Franklin

text: Delano

text: Roosevelt

text: in

text: It

text: encompasses

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: protected

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: main

text: park

text: entrances

text: are

text: located

text: along

text: U.S.

text: Highway

text: Newfound

text: Gap

text: Road

text: at

text: the

text: towns

text: of

text: Gatlinburg

text: Tennessee

text: and

text: Cherokee

text: North

text: Carolina

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: national

text: park

text: whose

text: land

text: and

text: other

text: costs

text: were

text: paid

text: for

text: in

text: part

text: with

text: federal

text: funds

text: previous

text: parks

text: were

text: funded

text: wholly

text: with

text: state

text: money

text: or

text: private

text: funds

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: wildfires

text: the

text: Park

text: was

text: under

text: evacuation

text: orders

text: along

text: with

text: some

text: towns

text: and

text: cities

text: located

text: nearby

text: The Great Smoky Mountains are a mountain range rising along the TennesseeNorth Carolina border in the southeastern United States. They are a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains, and form part of the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province. The range is sometimes called the Smoky Mountains and the name is commonly shortened to the Smokies. The Great Smokies are best known as the home of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, which protects most of the range. The park was established in 1934, and, with over 9 million visits per year, it is the most-visited national park in the United States.

text: The

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: rising

text: along

text: the

text: TennesseeNorth

text: Carolina

text: border

text: in

text: the

text: southeastern

text: United

text: States

text: They

text: are

text: subrange

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: and

text: form

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Physiographic

text: Province

text: The

text: range

text: is

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: name

text: is

text: commonly

text: shortened

text: to

text: the

text: Smokies

text: The

text: Great

text: Smokies

text: are

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: National

text: Park

text: which

text: protects

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: range

text: The

text: park

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: visits

text: per

text: year

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: visited

text: national

text: park

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Chimney Tops is a mountain in the central Great Smoky Mountains , located in the Southeastern United States . It has an elevation of 4,724 feet ( 1,440 m ) above sea level , . It is one of the park 's most recognizable geological structures and a popular hiking destination . Chimney Tops is a double - capstone knob on the eastern slope of the Sugarland Mountain massif . This massif stretches north - to - south across the north - central section of the Smokies . Mount Le Conte dominates the area immediately east of Chimney Tops , and Mt . Mingus rises to the north . Thus , while the view from the summit is 360 degrees , Chimney Tops is practically `` walled in '' on three sides .

text: Chimney

text: Tops

text: is

text: mountain

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Southeastern

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: elevation

text: of

text: feet

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: park

text: 's

text: most

text: recognizable

text: geological

text: structures

text: and

text: popular

text: hiking

text: destination

text: Chimney

text: Tops

text: is

text: double

text: capstone

text: knob

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: slope

text: of

text: the

text: Sugarland

text: Mountain

text: massif

text: This

text: massif

text: stretches

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: across

text: the

text: north

text: central

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Smokies

text: Mount

text: Le

text: Conte

text: dominates

text: the

text: area

text: immediately

text: east

text: of

text: Chimney

text: Tops

text: and

text: Mt

text: Mingus

text: rises

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Thus

text: while

text: the

text: view

text: from

text: the

text: summit

text: is

text: degrees

text: Chimney

text: Tops

text: is

text: practically

text: walled

text: in

text: on

text: three

text: sides

annotations: likely multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity chimney tops

answer: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee

text: tennessee