text: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 13th century until 1795. The state was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija.

text: The

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: was

text: European

text: state

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: until

text: The

text: state

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Lithuanians

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: polytheistic

text: Baltic

text: tribes

text: from

text: Aukštaitija

text: A raion (also rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states (such as part of an oblast). The term is from the French ""rayon"" (meaning "honeycomb, department"), which is both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district".

text: raion

text: also

text: rayon

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: several

text: post

text: Soviet

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: oblast

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: rayon

text: meaning

text: honeycomb

text: department

text: which

text: is

text: both

text: type

text: of

text: subnational

text: entity

text: and

text: division

text: of

text: city

text: and

text: is

text: commonly

text: translated

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: district

text: Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire.

text: Belarus

text: lat

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: formerly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Russian

text: name

text: Byelorussia

text: though

text: this

text: name

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: used

text: in

text: Belarus

text: itself

text: even

text: in

text: Russian

text: language

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Minsk

text: Over

text: of

text: its

text: is

text: forested

text: Its

text: strongest

text: economic

text: sectors

text: are

text: service

text: industries

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: different

text: states

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: controlled

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Belarus

text: including

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: to

text: centuries

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: and

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: Polotsk or Polatsk is a historical city in Belarus, situated on the Dvina River. It is the center of the Polatsk Raion in Vitebsk Voblast. Its population is more than 80,000 people. It is served by Polotsk Airport and during the Cold War was home to Borovitsy air base.

text: Polotsk

text: or

text: Polatsk

text: is

text: historical

text: city

text: in

text: Belarus

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Dvina

text: River

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Polatsk

text: Raion

text: in

text: Vitebsk

text: Voblast

text: Its

text: population

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: It

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: Polotsk

text: Airport

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: Borovitsy

text: air

text: base

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The Principality of Polotsk, also known as the Kingdom of Polotsk or the Duchy of Polotsk, was a medieval principality of the Early East Slavs. The origin and date of state establishment is uncertain. The Russian chronicles mention Polotsk being conquered by Vladimir the Great, and thereafter it became associated with the Rurik dynasty and Kievan Rus'.

text: The

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: or

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: was

text: medieval

text: principality

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: East

text: Slavs

text: The

text: origin

text: and

text: date

text: of

text: state

text: establishment

text: is

text: uncertain

text: The

text: Russian

text: chronicles

text: mention

text: Polotsk

text: being

text: conquered

text: by

text: Vladimir

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: thereafter

text: it

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Rurik

text: dynasty

text: and

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district.

text: district

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: that

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: is

text: managed

text: by

text: local

text: government

text: Across

text: the

text: world

text: areas

text: known

text: as

text: districts

text: vary

text: greatly

text: in

text: size

text: spanning

text: entire

text: regions

text: or

text: counties

text: several

text: municipalities

text: subdivisions

text: of

text: municipalities

text: school

text: district

text: or

text: political

text: district

text: Russia, also officially known as the Russian Empire, was a state that existed from 1721 until it was overthrown by the short-lived liberal February Revolution in 1917. One of the largest empires in world history, stretching over three continents, the Russian Empire was surpassed in landmass only by the British and Mongol empires. The rise of the Russian Empire happened in association with the decline of neighboring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, Persia and the Ottoman Empire. It played a major role in 181214 in defeating Napoleon's ambitions to control Europe, and expanded to the west and south.

text: Russia

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: was

text: state

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: overthrown

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: lived

text: liberal

text: February

text: Revolution

text: in

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: empires

text: in

text: world

text: history

text: stretching

text: over

text: three

text: continents

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: was

text: surpassed

text: in

text: landmass

text: only

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: and

text: Mongol

text: empires

text: The

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: happened

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: neighboring

text: rival

text: powers

text: the

text: Swedish

text: Empire

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: Persia

text: and

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: It

text: played

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: in

text: defeating

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: ambitions

text: to

text: control

text: Europe

text: and

text: expanded

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: south

text: Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.

text: Poland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Sudetes

text: and

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: Poland

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Poland

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: divided

text: into

text: administrative

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Warsaw

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Kraków

text: Wrocaw

text: Pozna

text: Gdask

text: and

text: Szczecin

text: Maryina Horka (, Maryina Gorka) is a town in Minsk Voblast, Belarus, the capital of the Pukhavichy Raion. As of 2009 its population was 22,500.

text: Maryina

text: Horka

text: Maryina

text: Gorka

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: Minsk

text: Voblast

text: Belarus

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Pukhavichy

text: Raion

text: As

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: was

text: A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 48 such countries, including four partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).

text: landlocked

text: state

text: or

text: landlocked

text: country

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: entirely

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: or

text: whose

text: only

text: coastlines

text: lie

text: on

text: closed

text: seas

text: There

text: are

text: currently

text: such

text: countries

text: including

text: four

text: partially

text: recognised

text: states

text: Only

text: two

text: Bolivia

text: and

text: Paraguay

text: in

text: South

text: America

text: lie

text: outside

text: Afro

text: Eurasia

text: the

text: Old

text: World

text: Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe, one of the three Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.

text: Latvia

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Latvia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: region

text: of

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Estonia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: maritime

text: border

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: alongside

text: Sweden

text: Latvia

text: has

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: territory

text: of

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: The post-Soviet states, also collectively known as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or former Soviet Republics, are the 15 independent states that emerged from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in its dissolution in December 1991, with Russia internationally recognised as the successor state to the Soviet Union. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania was the first to declare its independence, with Estonia and Latvia following suit in August 1991. All three Baltic states claimed continuity from the original states that existed prior to their annexation by the Soviet Union in 1944 and were admitted to the United Nations on 17 September 1991. The remaining 12 republics all subsequently seceded. 12 of the 15 states, excluding the Baltic states, initially formed the CIS and most joined CSTO, while the Baltic states focused on European Union and NATO membership.

text: The

text: post

text: Soviet

text: states

text: also

text: collectively

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: FSU

text: or

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Republics

text: are

text: the

text: independent

text: states

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: in

text: its

text: dissolution

text: in

text: December

text: with

text: Russia

text: internationally

text: recognised

text: as

text: the

text: successor

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: On

text: March

text: Lithuania

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: declare

text: its

text: independence

text: with

text: Estonia

text: and

text: Latvia

text: following

text: suit

text: in

text: August

text: All

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: claimed

text: continuity

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: states

text: that

text: existed

text: prior

text: to

text: their

text: annexation

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: in

text: and

text: were

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: remaining

text: republics

text: all

text: subsequently

text: seceded

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: excluding

text: the

text: Baltic

text: states

text: initially

text: formed

text: the

text: CIS

text: and

text: most

text: joined

text: CSTO

text: while

text: the

text: Baltic

text: states

text: focused

text: on

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: NATO

text: membership

text: Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

text: Lithuania

text: UK

text: and

text: US

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: it

text: is

text: situated

text: along

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Lithuania

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Vilnius

text: Lithuanians

text: are

text: Baltic

text: people

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: Lithuanian

text: along

text: with

text: Latvian

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: living

text: languages

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: Minsk (; is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Belarus, situated on the Svislach and Nyamiha rivers. It is the administrative centre of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). As the national capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblast) and Minsk raion (district). In 2013, it had a population of 2,002,600.

text: Minsk

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Svislach

text: and

text: Nyamiha

text: rivers

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Independent

text: States

text: CIS

text: As

text: the

text: national

text: capital

text: Minsk

text: has

text: special

text: administrative

text: status

text: in

text: Belarus

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: Minsk

text: Region

text: voblast

text: and

text: Minsk

text: raion

text: district

text: In

text: it

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: An oblast is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the now-defunct Soviet Union and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The term is analogous to "state" or "province".

text: An

text: oblast

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: of

text: Belarus

text: Bulgaria

text: Kazakhstan

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: Russia

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: the

text: now

text: defunct

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Serbs

text: Croats

text: and

text: Slovenes

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: analogous

text: to

text: state

text: or

text: province

text: The PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, formally the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after 1791 the Commonwealth of Poland, was a dualistic state, a bi-confederation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch, who was both the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania. It was one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th- and 17th-century Europe. At its peak in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth spanned some and sustained a multi-ethnic population of 11 million. The union was formalized by the Union of Lublin in July 1569, but the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were in a de-facto personal union since 1386 with the marriage of the Polish queen Hedwig and Lithuania's Grand Duke Jogaila, who was crowned King "jure uxoris" Wadysaw II Jagieo of Poland. The First Partition of Poland in 1772 and the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 greatly reduced the nation's size and the Commonwealth disappeared as an independent state following the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.

text: The

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: formally

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: after

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Poland

text: was

text: dualistic

text: state

text: bi

text: confederation

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: ruled

text: by

text: common

text: monarch

text: who

text: was

text: both

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: countries

text: of

text: and

text: century

text: Europe

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: spanned

text: some

text: and

text: sustained

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: union

text: was

text: formalized

text: by

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Lublin

text: in

text: July

text: but

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: were

text: in

text: de

text: facto

text: personal

text: union

text: since

text: with

text: the

text: marriage

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: queen

text: Hedwig

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: 's

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: Jogaila

text: who

text: was

text: crowned

text: King

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: Wadysaw

text: II

text: Jagieo

text: of

text: Poland

text: The

text: First

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Second

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: greatly

text: reduced

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: disappeared

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: following

text: the

text: Third

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: Eastern Europe, also known as East Europe, is the eastern part of the European continent. There is no consensus on the precise area it covers, partly because the term has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, cultural, and socioeconomic connotations. There are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". A related United Nations paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct".

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: East

text: Europe

text: is

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: consensus

text: on

text: the

text: precise

text: area

text: it

text: covers

text: partly

text: because

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: geopolitical

text: geographical

text: cultural

text: and

text: socioeconomic

text: connotations

text: There

text: are

text: almost

text: as

text: many

text: definitions

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: as

text: there

text: are

text: scholars

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: related

text: United

text: Nations

text: paper

text: adds

text: that

text: every

text: assessment

text: of

text: spatial

text: identities

text: is

text: essentially

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: construct

text: Pukhavichy Raion ( Puchaviy District ) is a second - level administrative subdivision ( raion ) of Belarus in the east of Minsk Voblast . Its capital is the town of Maryina Horka .

text: Pukhavichy

text: Raion

text: Puchaviy

text: District

text: is

text: second

text: level

text: administrative

text: subdivision

text: raion

text: of

text: Belarus

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Minsk

text: Voblast

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Maryina

text: Horka

annotations: follows single

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity pukhavichy raion

answer: minsk region

text: minsk region


text: Dame Monica Jessie Dacon, née Sheen DBE, CMG (born 4 June 1934) is a former Saint Vincent and the Grenadines schoolteacher, educator and politician. She is the widow of parliamentarian St. Clair Dacon.

text: Dame

text: Monica

text: Jessie

text: Dacon

text: née

text: Sheen

text: DBE

text: CMG

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: former

text: Saint

text: Vincent

text: and

text: the

text: Grenadines

text: schoolteacher

text: educator

text: and

text: politician

text: She

text: is

text: the

text: widow

text: of

text: parliamentarian

text: St.

text: Clair

text: Dacon

text: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island country in the Lesser Antilles island arc, in the southern portion of the Windward Islands, which lie at the southern end of the eastern border of the Caribbean Sea where the latter meets the Atlantic Ocean. The country is also known simply as Saint Vincent.

text: Saint

text: Vincent

text: and

text: the

text: Grenadines

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Lesser

text: Antilles

text: island

text: arc

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Windward

text: Islands

text: which

text: lie

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: border

text: of

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

text: where

text: the

text: latter

text: meets

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Saint

text: Vincent

text: Sir Frederick Nathaniel Ballantyne , GCMG ( born 5 July 1936 ) is the Governor - General of St. Vincent and the Grenadines . He has been in this office since 2 September 2002 , and was knighted in November . He replaced Monica Dacon who had been interim Governor General after the death of Charles Antrobus .

text: Sir

text: Frederick

text: Nathaniel

text: Ballantyne

text: GCMG

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: St.

text: Vincent

text: and

text: the

text: Grenadines

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: this

text: office

text: since

text: September

text: and

text: was

text: knighted

text: in

text: November

text: He

text: replaced

text: Monica

text: Dacon

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: interim

text: Governor

text: General

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Charles

text: Antrobus

text: Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.

text: Toronto

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Canada

text: the

text: provincial

text: capital

text: of

text: Ontario

text: and

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Toronto

text: Area

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Canada

text: Growing

text: in

text: population

text: the

text: census

text: recorded

text: population

text: of

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: making

text: Toronto

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: population

text: within

text: its

text: city

text: limits

text: Toronto

text: trails

text: only

text: Mexico

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: by

text: this

text: measure

text: while

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: behind

text: also

text: Chicago

text: if

text: ranked

text: by

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: An

text: established

text: global

text: city

text: Toronto

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: centre

text: of

text: business

text: finance

text: arts

text: and

text: culture

text: and

text: widely

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: multicultural

text: and

text: cosmopolitan

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Sir Charles James Antrobus (14 May 1933  3 June 2002) was the Governor-General of St. Vincent and the Grenadines from 1 June 1996 until his death. He died in Toronto and was temporarily replaced by Monica Dacon.

text: Sir

text: Charles

text: James

text: Antrobus

text: May

text: June

text: was

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: St.

text: Vincent

text: and

text: the

text: Grenadines

text: from

text: June

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: He

text: died

text: in

text: Toronto

text: and

text: was

text: temporarily

text: replaced

text: by

text: Monica

text: Dacon

text: Governor-General or governor general (plural "governors-general"), in modern usage, is the title of an office-holder appointed to represent the monarch of a sovereign state in the governing of an independent realm. Governors-General have also previously been appointed in respect of major colonial states or other territories held by either a monarchy or republic, such as French Indochina.

text: Governor

text: General

text: or

text: governor

text: general

text: plural

text: governors

text: general

text: in

text: modern

text: usage

text: is

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: an

text: office

text: holder

text: appointed

text: to

text: represent

text: the

text: monarch

text: of

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: governing

text: of

text: an

text: independent

text: realm

text: Governors

text: General

text: have

text: also

text: previously

text: been

text: appointed

text: in

text: respect

text: of

text: major

text: colonial

text: states

text: or

text: other

text: territories

text: held

text: by

text: either

text: monarchy

text: or

text: republic

text: such

text: as

text: French

text: Indochina

annotations: follows multiple

question: country_of_citizenship frederick ballantyne

answer: saint vincent and the grenadines

text: saint vincent and the grenadines

text: saint vincent and the grenadines


text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: Audata (Ancient Greek ; ruled "c." 359  336 ) was an Illyrian princess and later a Macedonian queen when she married Philip II of Macedon in 359 BC. She was the daughter or niece of Bardyllis, the Illyrian king of the Dardanian State. In order to concentrate on the internal struggle necessary to secure his crown, Philip reaffirmed the treaty the Dardanians had imposed on Macedonia by force of arms and sealed the alliance with Bardyllis by his marriage of Audata. This action undoubtedly deterred a full-scale Dardanian invasion of Macedonia at a time when the country was most vulnerable. Philip immediately consolidated his power as a result, so much that he defeated Bardylis in a decisive battle in 358 BC.

text: Audata

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: ruled

text: was

text: an

text: Illyrian

text: princess

text: and

text: later

text: Macedonian

text: queen

text: when

text: she

text: married

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Macedon

text: in

text: BC

text: She

text: was

text: the

text: daughter

text: or

text: niece

text: of

text: Bardyllis

text: the

text: Illyrian

text: king

text: of

text: the

text: Dardanian

text: State

text: In

text: order

text: to

text: concentrate

text: on

text: the

text: internal

text: struggle

text: necessary

text: to

text: secure

text: his

text: crown

text: Philip

text: reaffirmed

text: the

text: treaty

text: the

text: Dardanians

text: had

text: imposed

text: on

text: Macedonia

text: by

text: force

text: of

text: arms

text: and

text: sealed

text: the

text: alliance

text: with

text: Bardyllis

text: by

text: his

text: marriage

text: of

text: Audata

text: This

text: action

text: undoubtedly

text: deterred

text: full

text: scale

text: Dardanian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: at

text: time

text: when

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: most

text: vulnerable

text: Philip

text: immediately

text: consolidated

text: his

text: power

text: as

text: result

text: so

text: much

text: that

text: he

text: defeated

text: Bardylis

text: in

text: decisive

text: battle

text: in

text: BC

text: Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 BC  10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great ("Aléxandros ho Mégas" ), was a king ("basileus") of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty. Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander succeeded his father, Philip II, to the throne at the age of twenty. He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, and by the age of thirty he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered one of history's most successful military commanders.

text: Alexander

text: III

text: of

text: Macedon

text: July

text: BC

text: June

text: BC

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: Aléxandros

text: ho

text: Mégas

text: was

text: king

text: basileus

text: of

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: kingdom

text: of

text: Macedon

text: and

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Argead

text: dynasty

text: Born

text: in

text: Pella

text: in

text: BC

text: Alexander

text: succeeded

text: his

text: father

text: Philip

text: II

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: twenty

text: He

text: spent

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: ruling

text: years

text: on

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: military

text: campaign

text: through

text: Asia

text: and

text: northeast

text: Africa

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: thirty

text: he

text: had

text: created

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: empires

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: world

text: stretching

text: from

text: Greece

text: to

text: northwestern

text: India

text: He

text: was

text: undefeated

text: in

text: battle

text: and

text: is

text: widely

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: history

text: 's

text: most

text: successful

text: military

text: commanders

text: Philip II of Macedon ("Phílippos II ho Makedn"; 382336 BC) was the king (Basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from until his assassination in . He was a member of the Argead dynasty, the third son of King Amyntas III, and father of Alexander the Great and Philip III.

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Macedon

text: Phílippos

text: II

text: ho

text: Makedn

text: BC

text: was

text: the

text: king

text: Basileus

text: of

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: kingdom

text: of

text: Macedon

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: assassination

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Argead

text: dynasty

text: the

text: third

text: son

text: of

text: King

text: Amyntas

text: III

text: and

text: father

text: of

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: Philip

text: III

text: Cynane ( Greek : K , Kynane or  , Kyna ; killed 323 BC ) was half - sister to Alexander the Great , and daughter of Philip II by Audata , an Illyrian princess . Audata trained her daughter in riding , hunting , and fighting in the Illyrian tradition . Her father gave her in marriage to her cousin Amyntas , by whose death she was left a widow in 336 BC. In the following year Alexander promised her hand , as a reward for his services , to Langarus , king of the Agrianians , but the intended bridegroom became ill and died . Cynane continued unmarried , and employed herself in the education of her daughter , Adea or Eurydice , whom she is said to have trained , after the manner of her own education , in martial exercises . When her half brother Philip Arrhidaeus was chosen king in 323 BC , Cynane determined to marry Eurydice to him , and crossed over to Asia accordingly . Her influence was probably great , and her project alarmed Perdiccas and Antipater , the former of whom sent his brother Alcetas to meet her on her way and put her to death . Alcetas did so in defiance of the feelings of his troops , and Cynane met her doom with an undaunted spirit . Eurydice 's wedding took place , but both daughter and son - in - law were eventually killed by Olympias . In 317 BC , Cassander , after defeating Olympias , buried Cynane with Eurydice and Arrhidaeus at Aegae , the royal burying - place . Polyaenus writes , `` Cynane , the daughter of Philip was famous for her military knowledge : she conducted armies , and in the field charged at the head of them . In an engagement with the Illyrians , she with her own hand slew Caeria their queen ; and with great slaughter defeated the Illyrian army . ''

text: Cynane

text: Greek

text: Kynane

text: or

text: Kyna

text: killed

text: BC

text: was

text: half

text: sister

text: to

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: daughter

text: of

text: Philip

text: II

text: by

text: Audata

text: an

text: Illyrian

text: princess

text: Audata

text: trained

text: her

text: daughter

text: in

text: riding

text: hunting

text: and

text: fighting

text: in

text: the

text: Illyrian

text: tradition

text: Her

text: father

text: gave

text: her

text: in

text: marriage

text: to

text: her

text: cousin

text: Amyntas

text: by

text: whose

text: death

text: she

text: was

text: left

text: widow

text: in

text: BC

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: Alexander

text: promised

text: her

text: hand

text: as

text: reward

text: for

text: his

text: services

text: to

text: Langarus

text: king

text: of

text: the

text: Agrianians

text: but

text: the

text: intended

text: bridegroom

text: became

text: ill

text: and

text: died

text: Cynane

text: continued

text: unmarried

text: and

text: employed

text: herself

text: in

text: the

text: education

text: of

text: her

text: daughter

text: Adea

text: or

text: Eurydice

text: whom

text: she

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: trained

text: after

text: the

text: manner

text: of

text: her

text: own

text: education

text: in

text: martial

text: exercises

text: When

text: her

text: half

text: brother

text: Philip

text: Arrhidaeus

text: was

text: chosen

text: king

text: in

text: BC

text: Cynane

text: determined

text: to

text: marry

text: Eurydice

text: to

text: him

text: and

text: crossed

text: over

text: to

text: Asia

text: accordingly

text: Her

text: influence

text: was

text: probably

text: great

text: and

text: her

text: project

text: alarmed

text: Perdiccas

text: and

text: Antipater

text: the

text: former

text: of

text: whom

text: sent

text: his

text: brother

text: Alcetas

text: to

text: meet

text: her

text: on

text: her

text: way

text: and

text: put

text: her

text: to

text: death

text: Alcetas

text: did

text: so

text: in

text: defiance

text: of

text: the

text: feelings

text: of

text: his

text: troops

text: and

text: Cynane

text: met

text: her

text: doom

text: with

text: an

text: undaunted

text: spirit

text: Eurydice

text: 's

text: wedding

text: took

text: place

text: but

text: both

text: daughter

text: and

text: son

text: in

text: law

text: were

text: eventually

text: killed

text: by

text: Olympias

text: In

text: BC

text: Cassander

text: after

text: defeating

text: Olympias

text: buried

text: Cynane

text: with

text: Eurydice

text: and

text: Arrhidaeus

text: at

text: Aegae

text: the

text: royal

text: burying

text: place

text: Polyaenus

text: writes

text: Cynane

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: Philip

text: was

text: famous

text: for

text: her

text: military

text: knowledge

text: she

text: conducted

text: armies

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: charged

text: at

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: them

text: In

text: an

text: engagement

text: with

text: the

text: Illyrians

text: she

text: with

text: her

text: own

text: hand

text: slew

text: Caeria

text: their

text: queen

text: and

text: with

text: great

text: slaughter

text: defeated

text: the

text: Illyrian

text: army

text: Pella, is an ancient city located in Central Macedonia, Greece, best known as the historical capital of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon in the time of Alexander the Great. On the site of the ancient city is the Archaeological Museum of Pella.

text: Pella

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: city

text: located

text: in

text: Central

text: Macedonia

text: Greece

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: historical

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: kingdom

text: of

text: Macedon

text: in

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: On

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: Archaeological

text: Museum

text: of

text: Pella

question: father cynane

answer: philip ii of macedon

text: philip ii of macedon

text: philip ii of macedon


text: England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.

text: England

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Scotland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: northwest

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: England

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: continental

text: Europe

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: country

text: covers

text: five

text: eighths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: which

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: its

text: centre

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: includes

text: over

text: smaller

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: and

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: A capital city (or simply capital) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country, state, province, or other region, usually as its seat of government. A capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of its respective government; the status as capital is often designated by its law or constitution. In some jurisdictions, including several countries, the different branches of government are located in different settlements. In some cases, a distinction is made between the official (constitutional) capital and the seat of government, which is in another place.

text: capital

text: city

text: or

text: simply

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: municipality

text: exercising

text: primary

text: status

text: in

text: country

text: state

text: province

text: or

text: other

text: region

text: usually

text: as

text: its

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: capital

text: is

text: typically

text: city

text: that

text: physically

text: encompasses

text: the

text: offices

text: and

text: meeting

text: places

text: of

text: its

text: respective

text: government

text: the

text: status

text: as

text: capital

text: is

text: often

text: designated

text: by

text: its

text: law

text: or

text: constitution

text: In

text: some

text: jurisdictions

text: including

text: several

text: countries

text: the

text: different

text: branches

text: of

text: government

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: different

text: settlements

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: distinction

text: is

text: made

text: between

text: the

text: official

text: constitutional

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: which

text: is

text: in

text: another

text: place

text: Craig Cerrig - gleisiad and Fan Frynych National Nature Reserve is a 156 acre ( 631,000 m² ) area of the Brecon Beacons National Park in South Wales . It includes the peaks of Craig Cerrig - gleisiad ( 629 m : SN960217 ) and Fan Frynych ( 629 m : SN958227 ) . Craig Cerrig - gleisiad means ' cliff of the salmon ( - coloured ) rocks ' and is a cirque formed by a glacier which deposited moraine and created a sheltered environment where the steep crags prevent sheep from accessing the rare Arctic -- alpine plants such as purple saxifrage and roseroot and mixed woodland where orchids and anemones flourish . There is scattered scrub woodland and scattered hawthorn on the lower slopes . The national nature reserve , which is administered by Natural Resources Wales , the successor body to the Countryside Council for Wales , lies within the Fforest Fawr uplands , an area set aside in Norman times for hunting and which remained Crown property until the early nineteenth century . In addition to the flora , there are relatively rare birds such as peregrine falcons , ring ouzels and ravens . Sixteen species of butterfly have been recorded in the area .

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: and

text: Fan

text: Frynych

text: National

text: Nature

text: Reserve

text: is

text: acre

text: m²

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: in

text: South

text: Wales

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: peaks

text: of

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: and

text: Fan

text: Frynych

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: means

text: cliff

text: of

text: the

text: salmon

text: coloured

text: rocks

text: and

text: is

text: cirque

text: formed

text: by

text: glacier

text: which

text: deposited

text: moraine

text: and

text: created

text: sheltered

text: environment

text: where

text: the

text: steep

text: crags

text: prevent

text: sheep

text: from

text: accessing

text: the

text: rare

text: Arctic

text: alpine

text: plants

text: such

text: as

text: purple

text: saxifrage

text: and

text: roseroot

text: and

text: mixed

text: woodland

text: where

text: orchids

text: and

text: anemones

text: flourish

text: There

text: is

text: scattered

text: scrub

text: woodland

text: and

text: scattered

text: hawthorn

text: on

text: the

text: lower

text: slopes

text: The

text: national

text: nature

text: reserve

text: which

text: is

text: administered

text: by

text: Natural

text: Resources

text: Wales

text: the

text: successor

text: body

text: to

text: the

text: Countryside

text: Council

text: for

text: Wales

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: Fforest

text: Fawr

text: uplands

text: an

text: area

text: set

text: aside

text: in

text: Norman

text: times

text: for

text: hunting

text: and

text: which

text: remained

text: Crown

text: property

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: flora

text: there

text: are

text: relatively

text: rare

text: birds

text: such

text: as

text: peregrine

text: falcons

text: ring

text: ouzels

text: and

text: ravens

text: Sixteen

text: species

text: of

text: butterfly

text: have

text: been

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: Snowdonia is a mountainous region in north Wales and a national park of in area. It was the first to be designated of the three national parks in Wales, in 1951.

text: Snowdonia

text: is

text: mountainous

text: region

text: in

text: north

text: Wales

text: and

text: national

text: park

text: of

text: in

text: area

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: be

text: designated

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: national

text: parks

text: in

text: Wales

text: in

text: South Wales is the region of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west. The most densely populated region in the southwest of the United Kingdom, it is home to around 2.2 million people. The region contains almost three-quarters of the population of Wales, including the capital city of Cardiff (population approximately 350,000), as well as Swansea and Newport, with populations approximately 240,000 and 150,000 respectively. The Brecon Beacons national park covers about a third of South Wales, containing Pen y Fan, the highest mountain south of Snowdonia.

text: South

text: Wales

text: is

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Wales

text: bordered

text: by

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: Mid

text: Wales

text: and

text: West

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: The

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: it

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: around

text: million

text: people

text: The

text: region

text: contains

text: almost

text: three

text: quarters

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Wales

text: including

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Cardiff

text: population

text: approximately

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Swansea

text: and

text: Newport

text: with

text: populations

text: approximately

text: and

text: respectively

text: The

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: national

text: park

text: covers

text: about

text: third

text: of

text: South

text: Wales

text: containing

text: Pen

text: Fan

text: the

text: highest

text: mountain

text: south

text: of

text: Snowdonia

text: The Brecon Beacons National Park is one of three national parks in Wales, and is centred on the Brecon Beacons range of hills in southern Wales. It includes the Black Mountain in the west, ("Great Forest") and the Brecon Beacons in the centre and the Black Mountains in the east.

text: The

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: national

text: parks

text: in

text: Wales

text: and

text: is

text: centred

text: on

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: range

text: of

text: hills

text: in

text: southern

text: Wales

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: Black

text: Mountain

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Great

text: Forest

text: and

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: or

text: Britain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: country

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: Lying

text: off

text: the

text: north

text: western

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: mainland

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: loosely

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: whole

text: country

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: many

text: smaller

text: islands

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: that

text: shares

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: another

text: sovereign

text: statethe

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Apart

text: from

text: this

text: land

text: border

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: south

text: west

text: giving

text: it

text: the

text: longest

text: coastline

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Ireland

text: With

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Together

text: this

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Fan Frynych is a subsidiary summit of Fan Fawr in the Fforest Fawr section of the Brecon Beacons National Park, South Wales. It makes up half of the Craig Cerrig-gleisiad and Fan Frynych National Nature Reserve with its sister peak Craig Cerrig-gleisiad.

text: Fan

text: Frynych

text: is

text: subsidiary

text: summit

text: of

text: Fan

text: Fawr

text: in

text: the

text: Fforest

text: Fawr

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: South

text: Wales

text: It

text: makes

text: up

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: and

text: Fan

text: Frynych

text: National

text: Nature

text: Reserve

text: with

text: its

text: sister

text: peak

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: West Wales is the western region of Wales.  Some definitions of West Wales include only Pembrokeshire, Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire, which historically comprised the Welsh principality of "Deheubarth" and was called "South West Wales" in the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). Other definitions include Swansea and Neath Port Talbot but exclude Ceredigion. The "West Wales and the Valleys" NUTS area includes more westerly parts of North Wales. The preserved county of Dyfed covers what is generally considered to be West Wales, which, between 1974 and 1996, was also a county, with a county council and six district councils.

text: West

text: Wales

text: is

text: the

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: Wales

text: Some

text: definitions

text: of

text: West

text: Wales

text: include

text: only

text: Pembrokeshire

text: Ceredigion

text: and

text: Carmarthenshire

text: which

text: historically

text: comprised

text: the

text: Welsh

text: principality

text: of

text: Deheubarth

text: and

text: was

text: called

text: South

text: West

text: Wales

text: in

text: the

text: Nomenclature

text: of

text: Territorial

text: Units

text: for

text: Statistics

text: NUTS

text: Other

text: definitions

text: include

text: Swansea

text: and

text: Neath

text: Port

text: Talbot

text: but

text: exclude

text: Ceredigion

text: The

text: West

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: Valleys

text: NUTS

text: area

text: includes

text: more

text: westerly

text: parts

text: of

text: North

text: Wales

text: The

text: preserved

text: county

text: of

text: Dyfed

text: covers

text: what

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: West

text: Wales

text: which

text: between

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: county

text: with

text: county

text: council

text: and

text: six

text: district

text: councils

text: Brecon, archaically known as Brecknock, is a market town and community in Powys, Mid Wales, with a population in 2001 of 7,901, increasing to 8,250 at the 2011 census. Historically it was the county town of Brecknockshire; although its role as such was eclipsed with the formation of the County of Powys, it remains an important local centre. Brecon is the third-largest town in Powys, after Newtown and Ystradgynlais. It lies north of the Brecon Beacons mountain range, but is just within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

text: Brecon

text: archaically

text: known

text: as

text: Brecknock

text: is

text: market

text: town

text: and

text: community

text: in

text: Powys

text: Mid

text: Wales

text: with

text: population

text: in

text: of

text: increasing

text: to

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: Historically

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: county

text: town

text: of

text: Brecknockshire

text: although

text: its

text: role

text: as

text: such

text: was

text: eclipsed

text: with

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: County

text: of

text: Powys

text: it

text: remains

text: an

text: important

text: local

text: centre

text: Brecon

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: town

text: in

text: Powys

text: after

text: Newtown

text: and

text: Ystradgynlais

text: It

text: lies

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: mountain

text: range

text: but

text: is

text: just

text: within

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: Cardiff is the capital and largest city in Wales and the eleventh-largest city in the United Kingdom. The city is the country's chief commercial centre, the base for most national cultural and sporting institutions, the Welsh national media, and the seat of the National Assembly for Wales. The unitary authority area's mid-2011 population was estimated to be 346,100, while the population of the Larger Urban Zone was estimated at 861,400 in 2009. The Cardiff metropolitan area makes up over a third of the total population of Wales, with a mid-2011 population estimate of about 1,100,000 people. Cardiff is a significant tourist centre and the most popular visitor destination in Wales with 18.3 million visitors in 2010. In 2011, Cardiff was ranked sixth in the world in National Geographic's alternative tourist destinations.

text: Cardiff

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: eleventh

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: chief

text: commercial

text: centre

text: the

text: base

text: for

text: most

text: national

text: cultural

text: and

text: sporting

text: institutions

text: the

text: Welsh

text: national

text: media

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: for

text: Wales

text: The

text: unitary

text: authority

text: area

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: while

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: Larger

text: Urban

text: Zone

text: was

text: estimated

text: at

text: in

text: The

text: Cardiff

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: makes

text: up

text: over

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: Wales

text: with

text: population

text: estimate

text: of

text: about

text: people

text: Cardiff

text: is

text: significant

text: tourist

text: centre

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: visitor

text: destination

text: in

text: Wales

text: with

text: million

text: visitors

text: in

text: In

text: Cardiff

text: was

text: ranked

text: sixth

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: National

text: Geographic

text: 's

text: alternative

text: tourist

text: destinations

text: The Bristol Channel is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from Devon and Somerset in South West England. It extends from the lower estuary of the River Severn to the North Atlantic Ocean. It takes its name from the English city of Bristol, and is over 30 miles (50 km) across at its widest point.

text: The

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: is

text: major

text: inlet

text: in

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: separating

text: South

text: Wales

text: from

text: Devon

text: and

text: Somerset

text: in

text: South

text: West

text: England

text: It

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: lower

text: estuary

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Severn

text: to

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: takes

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: English

text: city

text: of

text: Bristol

text: and

text: is

text: over

text: miles

text: km

text: across

text: at

text: its

text: widest

text: point

text: The hectare (or ; symbol ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of :area equal to and primarily used in the measurement of land as a metric replacement for the imperial acre. An acre is about 0.405 hectare and one hectare contains about 2.47 acres.

text: The

text: hectare

text: or

text: symbol

text: ha

text: is

text: an

text: SI

text: accepted

text: metric

text: system

text: unit

text: of

text: area

text: equal

text: to

text: and

text: primarily

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: measurement

text: of

text: land

text: as

text: metric

text: replacement

text: for

text: the

text: imperial

text: acre

text: An

text: acre

text: is

text: about

text: hectare

text: and

text: one

text: hectare

text: contains

text: about

text: acres

text: A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and U.S. customary units equal to one-eighth of a mile, equivalent to 660 feet, 220 yards, 40 rods, or 10 chains. Using the international definition of the inch as exactly 25.4 millimetres, one furlong is 201.168 metres. However, the United States does not uniformly use this conversion ratio. Older ratios are in use for surveying purposes in some states, leading to variations in the length of the furlong of about two parts per million, or 0.4 millimetres (inch). This variation is too small to have many practical consequences. Five furlongs are about 1.0 kilometre (1.00584 km is the exact value, according to the international conversion).

text: furlong

text: is

text: measure

text: of

text: distance

text: in

text: imperial

text: units

text: and

text: U.S.

text: customary

text: units

text: equal

text: to

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: mile

text: equivalent

text: to

text: feet

text: yards

text: rods

text: or

text: chains

text: Using

text: the

text: international

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: inch

text: as

text: exactly

text: millimetres

text: one

text: furlong

text: is

text: metres

text: However

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: does

text: not

text: uniformly

text: use

text: this

text: conversion

text: ratio

text: Older

text: ratios

text: are

text: in

text: use

text: for

text: surveying

text: purposes

text: in

text: some

text: states

text: leading

text: to

text: variations

text: in

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: the

text: furlong

text: of

text: about

text: two

text: parts

text: per

text: million

text: or

text: millimetres

text: inch

text: This

text: variation

text: is

text: too

text: small

text: to

text: have

text: many

text: practical

text: consequences

text: Five

text: furlongs

text: are

text: about

text: kilometre

text: km

text: is

text: the

text: exact

text: value

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: international

text: conversion

text: The square mile (abbreviated as sq mi and sometimes as mi²) is an imperial and US unit of measure for an area equal to the area of a square of one statute mile. It should not be confused with "miles square", which refers to a square region with each side having the specified length. For instance, 20 miles square (20 × 20 miles) has an area equal to 400 square miles; a rectangle of 10 × 40 miles likewise has an area of 400 square miles, but it is not 20 miles square.

text: The

text: square

text: mile

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: sq

text: mi

text: and

text: sometimes

text: as

text: is

text: an

text: imperial

text: and

text: US

text: unit

text: of

text: measure

text: for

text: an

text: area

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: of

text: one

text: statute

text: mile

text: It

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: miles

text: square

text: which

text: refers

text: to

text: square

text: region

text: with

text: each

text: side

text: having

text: the

text: specified

text: length

text: For

text: instance

text: miles

text: square

text: miles

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: equal

text: to

text: square

text: miles

text: rectangle

text: of

text: miles

text: likewise

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: miles

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: miles

text: square

text: Pen y Fan is the highest peak in south Wales, situated in the Brecon Beacons National Park. At above sea-level, it is also the highest British peak south of Cadair Idris in Snowdonia. The twin summits of Pen y Fan and Corn Du at 873 m (2,864 ft) were formerly referred to as Cadair Arthur or 'Arthur's Seat'.

text: Pen

text: Fan

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: peak

text: in

text: south

text: Wales

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: At

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: highest

text: British

text: peak

text: south

text: of

text: Cadair

text: Idris

text: in

text: Snowdonia

text: The

text: twin

text: summits

text: of

text: Pen

text: Fan

text: and

text: Corn

text: Du

text: at

text: ft

text: were

text: formerly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Cadair

text: Arthur

text: or

text: Arthur

text: 's

text: Seat

text: The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial and US customary systems. It is defined as the area of 1 chain by 1 furlong (66 by 660 feet), which is exactly equal to of a square mile, 43,560 square feet, approximately 4,047 m, or about 40% of a hectare.

text: The

text: acre

text: is

text: unit

text: of

text: land

text: area

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: imperial

text: and

text: US

text: customary

text: systems

text: It

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: chain

text: by

text: furlong

text: by

text: feet

text: which

text: is

text: exactly

text: equal

text: to

text: of

text: square

text: mile

text: square

text: feet

text: approximately

text: or

text: about

text: of

text: hectare

text: Mid Wales (or simply "Y Canolbarth" "The Midlands") is the name given to the central region of Wales. The Mid Wales Regional Committee of the National Assembly for Wales covered the counties of Ceredigion and Powys and the area of Gwynedd that had previously been the district of Meirionydd. A similar definition is used by the BBC. The Wales Spatial Plan defines a region known as "Central Wales" which covers Ceredigion and Powys. If Mid Wales is classed as Ceredigion and Powys, the area would be 6,962 square kilometres (about the size of Cumbria).

text: Mid

text: Wales

text: or

text: simply

text: Canolbarth

text: The

text: Midlands

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: central

text: region

text: of

text: Wales

text: The

text: Mid

text: Wales

text: Regional

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: for

text: Wales

text: covered

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Ceredigion

text: and

text: Powys

text: and

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Gwynedd

text: that

text: had

text: previously

text: been

text: the

text: district

text: of

text: Meirionydd

text: similar

text: definition

text: is

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: BBC

text: The

text: Wales

text: Spatial

text: Plan

text: defines

text: region

text: known

text: as

text: Central

text: Wales

text: which

text: covers

text: Ceredigion

text: and

text: Powys

text: If

text: Mid

text: Wales

text: is

text: classed

text: as

text: Ceredigion

text: and

text: Powys

text: the

text: area

text: would

text: be

text: square

text: kilometres

text: about

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Cumbria

text: Fan Fawr (Welsh 'big peak') is a mountain in the Fforest Fawr section of the Brecon Beacons National Park, in Powys, Wales and over 734 m (2,408 ft) high.

text: Fan

text: Fawr

text: Welsh

text: big

text: peak

text: is

text: mountain

text: in

text: the

text: Fforest

text: Fawr

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: in

text: Powys

text: Wales

text: and

text: over

text: ft

text: high

text: Swansea, officially known as the City and County of Swansea (""), is a coastal city and county in Wales. It is the second largest city in Wales after Cardiff, and the twenty-fifth largest city in the UK. Swansea lies within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan and the ancient Welsh commote of Gyr. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands. According to its local council, the City and County of Swansea had a population of 241,300 in 2014. The last official census stated that the city, metropolitan and urban areas combined concluded to be a total of 462,000 in 2011, making it the second most populous local authority area in Wales after Cardiff. During its 19th-century industrial heyday, Swansea was a key centre of the copper industry, earning the nickname 'Copperopolis'. Since 2011, Swansea has started to expand into a larger region known as the Swansea Bay City Region. After combining with other councils, it now includes Tenby and other parts of West Wales, its population including these areas an estimated 685,051. The chairman of the new region is Sir Terry Matthews.

text: Swansea

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: City

text: and

text: County

text: of

text: Swansea

text: is

text: coastal

text: city

text: and

text: county

text: in

text: Wales

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Wales

text: after

text: Cardiff

text: and

text: the

text: twenty

text: fifth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: Swansea

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: historic

text: county

text: boundaries

text: of

text: Glamorgan

text: and

text: the

text: ancient

text: Welsh

text: commote

text: of

text: Gyr

text: Situated

text: on

text: the

text: sandy

text: South

text: West

text: Wales

text: coast

text: the

text: county

text: area

text: includes

text: the

text: Gower

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: the

text: Lliw

text: uplands

text: According

text: to

text: its

text: local

text: council

text: the

text: City

text: and

text: County

text: of

text: Swansea

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: The

text: last

text: official

text: census

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: metropolitan

text: and

text: urban

text: areas

text: combined

text: concluded

text: to

text: be

text: total

text: of

text: in

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: local

text: authority

text: area

text: in

text: Wales

text: after

text: Cardiff

text: During

text: its

text: century

text: industrial

text: heyday

text: Swansea

text: was

text: key

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: copper

text: industry

text: earning

text: the

text: nickname

text: Copperopolis

text: Since

text: Swansea

text: has

text: started

text: to

text: expand

text: into

text: larger

text: region

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Swansea

text: Bay

text: City

text: Region

text: After

text: combining

text: with

text: other

text: councils

text: it

text: now

text: includes

text: Tenby

text: and

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: West

text: Wales

text: its

text: population

text: including

text: these

text: areas

text: an

text: estimated

text: The

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: region

text: is

text: Sir

text: Terry

text: Matthews

text: The Brecon Beacons is a mountain range in South Wales. In a narrow sense, the name refers to the range of Old Red Sandstone peaks which lie to the south of Brecon. Sometimes referred to as "the central Beacons" they include South Wales' highest mountain, Pen y Fan. The range forms the central section of the Brecon Beacons National Park ("Parc Cenedlaethol Bannau Brycheiniog"), a designation which also encompasses ranges both to the east and the west of "the central Beacons". This much wider area is also commonly referred to as "the Brecon Beacons", and it includes the Black Mountains to the east as well as the similarly named but quite distinct Black Mountain to the west. The highest peaks include Fan Brycheiniog to the west and Pen y Fan in the central part. They share the same basic geology as the central range, and so exhibit many similar features, such the north-facing escarpment and glacial features such as lakes and cwms below the escarpment. They all fall within the border of the national park.

text: The

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: is

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: South

text: Wales

text: In

text: narrow

text: sense

text: the

text: name

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: Old

text: Red

text: Sandstone

text: peaks

text: which

text: lie

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: Brecon

text: Sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: central

text: Beacons

text: they

text: include

text: South

text: Wales

text: highest

text: mountain

text: Pen

text: Fan

text: The

text: range

text: forms

text: the

text: central

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: Parc

text: Cenedlaethol

text: Bannau

text: Brycheiniog

text: designation

text: which

text: also

text: encompasses

text: ranges

text: both

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: Beacons

text: This

text: much

text: wider

text: area

text: is

text: also

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: and

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: Black

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: similarly

text: named

text: but

text: quite

text: distinct

text: Black

text: Mountain

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: highest

text: peaks

text: include

text: Fan

text: Brycheiniog

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Pen

text: Fan

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: They

text: share

text: the

text: same

text: basic

text: geology

text: as

text: the

text: central

text: range

text: and

text: so

text: exhibit

text: many

text: similar

text: features

text: such

text: the

text: north

text: facing

text: escarpment

text: and

text: glacial

text: features

text: such

text: as

text: lakes

text: and

text: cwms

text: below

text: the

text: escarpment

text: They

text: all

text: fall

text: within

text: the

text: border

text: of

text: the

text: national

text: park

text: A national park is a park in use for conservation purposes. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual nations designate their own national parks differently, there is a common idea: the conservation of 'wild nature' for posterity and as a symbol of national pride. An international organization, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and its World Commission on Protected Areas, has defined "National Park" as its "Category II" type of protected areas.

text: national

text: park

text: is

text: park

text: in

text: use

text: for

text: conservation

text: purposes

text: Often

text: it

text: is

text: reserve

text: of

text: natural

text: semi

text: natural

text: or

text: developed

text: land

text: that

text: sovereign

text: state

text: declares

text: or

text: owns

text: Although

text: individual

text: nations

text: designate

text: their

text: own

text: national

text: parks

text: differently

text: there

text: is

text: common

text: idea

text: the

text: conservation

text: of

text: wild

text: nature

text: for

text: posterity

text: and

text: as

text: symbol

text: of

text: national

text: pride

text: An

text: international

text: organization

text: the

text: International

text: Union

text: for

text: Conservation

text: of

text: Nature

text: IUCN

text: and

text: its

text: World

text: Commission

text: on

text: Protected

text: Areas

text: has

text: defined

text: National

text: Park

text: as

text: its

text: Category

text: II

text: type

text: of

text: protected

text: areas

text: Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.

text: Wales

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: had

text: population

text: in

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Wales

text: has

text: over

text: of

text: coastline

text: and

text: is

text: largely

text: mountainous

text: with

text: its

text: higher

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: central

text: areas

text: including

text: Snowdon

text: its

text: highest

text: summit

text: The

text: country

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: north

text: temperate

text: zone

text: and

text: has

text: changeable

text: maritime

text: climate

text: Fforest Fawr is the name given to an extensive upland area in the county of Powys, Wales. Formerly known as the Great Forest of Brecknock in English, it was a royal hunting area for several centuries but is now used primarily for sheep grazing, forestry, water catchment and recreation. It lies within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

text: Fforest

text: Fawr

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: an

text: extensive

text: upland

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Powys

text: Wales

text: Formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Great

text: Forest

text: of

text: Brecknock

text: in

text: English

text: it

text: was

text: royal

text: hunting

text: area

text: for

text: several

text: centuries

text: but

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: primarily

text: for

text: sheep

text: grazing

text: forestry

text: water

text: catchment

text: and

text: recreation

text: It

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: Craig Cerrig-gleisiad is a subsidiary summit of Fan Fawr in the Fforest Fawr section of the Brecon Beacons National Park, South Wales. It makes up half of the Craig Cerrig-gleisiad and Fan Frynych National Nature Reserve with its sister peak Fan Frynych.

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: is

text: subsidiary

text: summit

text: of

text: Fan

text: Fawr

text: in

text: the

text: Fforest

text: Fawr

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Brecon

text: Beacons

text: National

text: Park

text: South

text: Wales

text: It

text: makes

text: up

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: Craig

text: Cerrig

text: gleisiad

text: and

text: Fan

text: Frynych

text: National

text: Nature

text: Reserve

text: with

text: its

text: sister

text: peak

text: Fan

text: Frynych

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity craig cerrig-gleisiad and fan frynych national nature reserve

answer: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys

text: powys


text: Wreckless Eric 's third album was released as a double LP ( SEEZ 21 ) and as cassette ( ZSEES 21 ) on February 29 , 1980 . While the first LP comprised new material , the extra LP was the U.S. - only , compilation album The Whole Wide World . Big Smash ! was re-issued as a 2 - CD set in 2007 with 3 bonus tracks ( CDSEEZ 21 ) .

text: Wreckless

text: Eric

text: 's

text: third

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: double

text: LP

text: SEEZ

text: and

text: as

text: cassette

text: ZSEES

text: on

text: February

text: While

text: the

text: first

text: LP

text: comprised

text: new

text: material

text: the

text: extra

text: LP

text: was

text: the

text: U.S.

text: only

text: compilation

text: album

text: The

text: Whole

text: Wide

text: World

text: Big

text: Smash

text: was

text: re

text: issued

text: as

text: CD

text: set

text: in

text: with

text: bonus

text: tracks

text: CDSEEZ

text: Stiff Records is a British independent record label formed in London, England, by Dave Robinson and Jake Riviera. Originally active from 1976 to 1986, the label was reactivated in 2007.

text: Stiff

text: Records

text: is

text: British

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: formed

text: in

text: London

text: England

text: by

text: Dave

text: Robinson

text: and

text: Jake

text: Riviera

text: Originally

text: active

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: label

text: was

text: reactivated

text: in

text: Eric Goulden (born 18 May 1954), known as Wreckless Eric, is an English rock/new wave singer-songwriter, best known for his 1977 single "Whole Wide World" on Stiff Records. More than two decades after its release, the song was included in "Mojo" magazine's list of the best punk rock singles of all time. It was also acclaimed as one of the "top 40 singles of the alternative era 19752000".

text: Eric

text: Goulden

text: born

text: May

text: known

text: as

text: Wreckless

text: Eric

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: new

text: wave

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: single

text: Whole

text: Wide

text: World

text: on

text: Stiff

text: Records

text: More

text: than

text: two

text: decades

text: after

text: its

text: release

text: the

text: song

text: was

text: included

text: in

text: Mojo

text: magazine

text: 's

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: punk

text: rock

text: singles

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: acclaimed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: singles

text: of

text: the

text: alternative

text: era

question: record_label big smash!

answer: stiff records

text: stiff records

text: stiff records