text: The Jazz Age was a period in the 1920s, ending with the Great Depression, in which jazz music and dance styles became popular, mainly in the United States, but also in Britain, France and elsewhere. Jazz originated in New Orleans as a fusion of African and European music and played a significant part in wider cultural changes in this period, and its influence on pop culture continued long afterwards. The Jazz Age is often referred to in conjunction with the Roaring Twenties.

text: The

text: Jazz

text: Age

text: was

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: ending

text: with

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: in

text: which

text: jazz

text: music

text: and

text: dance

text: styles

text: became

text: popular

text: mainly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Britain

text: France

text: and

text: elsewhere

text: Jazz

text: originated

text: in

text: New

text: Orleans

text: as

text: fusion

text: of

text: African

text: and

text: European

text: music

text: and

text: played

text: significant

text: part

text: in

text: wider

text: cultural

text: changes

text: in

text: this

text: period

text: and

text: its

text: influence

text: on

text: pop

text: culture

text: continued

text: long

text: afterwards

text: The

text: Jazz

text: Age

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: Roaring

text: Twenties

text: David Maxwell "Max" Middleton (born 4 August 1946, Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England) is an English composer and keyboardist and was originally a docker on the London docks. Middleton is known for his work on the Fender Rhodes Electric piano, the Minimoog synthesiser and his percussive playing style of the Hohner Clavinet. He started on his professional music career by playing keyboards for Jeff Beck and is best known for his work on Beck's "Blow by Blow".

text: David

text: Maxwell

text: Max

text: Middleton

text: born

text: August

text: Amersham

text: Buckinghamshire

text: England

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: composer

text: and

text: keyboardist

text: and

text: was

text: originally

text: docker

text: on

text: the

text: London

text: docks

text: Middleton

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: Fender

text: Rhodes

text: Electric

text: piano

text: the

text: Minimoog

text: synthesiser

text: and

text: his

text: percussive

text: playing

text: style

text: of

text: the

text: Hohner

text: Clavinet

text: He

text: started

text: on

text: his

text: professional

text: music

text: career

text: by

text: playing

text: keyboards

text: for

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: and

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: Beck

text: 's

text: Blow

text: by

text: Blow

text: Polyrhythm is the simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms, that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter. The rhythmic conflict may be the basis of an entire piece of music (cross-rhythm), or a momentary disruption. Polyrhythms can be distinguished from irrational rhythms, which can occur within the context of a single part; polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, one of which is typically an irrational rhythm.

text: Polyrhythm

text: is

text: the

text: simultaneous

text: use

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: conflicting

text: rhythms

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: readily

text: perceived

text: as

text: deriving

text: from

text: one

text: another

text: or

text: as

text: simple

text: manifestations

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: meter

text: The

text: rhythmic

text: conflict

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: an

text: entire

text: piece

text: of

text: music

text: cross

text: rhythm

text: or

text: momentary

text: disruption

text: Polyrhythms

text: can

text: be

text: distinguished

text: from

text: irrational

text: rhythms

text: which

text: can

text: occur

text: within

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: single

text: part

text: polyrhythms

text: require

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: rhythms

text: to

text: be

text: played

text: concurrently

text: one

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: typically

text: an

text: irrational

text: rhythm

text: Ragtime  also spelled rag-time or rag time  is a musical genre that enjoyed its peak popularity between 1895 and 1918. Its cardinal trait is its syncopated, or "ragged", rhythm. The genre has its origins in African-American communities like St. Louis years before being published as popular sheet music for piano. Ernest Hogan (18651909) was a pioneer of ragtime music and was the first to compose ragtime into sheet music. The composition was called "LA Pas Ma LA" and it was released in 1895. Hogan has also been credited for coining the term "ragtime". The term is actually derived from his hometown "Shake Rag" in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Ben Harney, who is also a Kentucky native has often been credited for introducing the music to the mainstream public. His first ragtime composition "You've been a good old wagon but you done broke" helped popularize the musical genre. The composition was published in 1895 but released in 1896. Ragtime was also a modification of the march made popular by John Philip Sousa, with additional polyrhythms coming from African music. The ragtime composer Scott Joplin ("ca." 18681917) became famous through the publication of the "Maple Leaf Rag" (1899) and a string of ragtime hits such as "The Entertainer" (1902), although he was later forgotten by all but a small, dedicated community of ragtime aficionados until the major ragtime revival in the early 1970s. For at least 12 years after its publication, "Maple Leaf Rag" heavily influenced subsequent ragtime composers with its melody lines, harmonic progressions or metric patterns.

text: Ragtime

text: also

text: spelled

text: rag

text: time

text: or

text: rag

text: time

text: is

text: musical

text: genre

text: that

text: enjoyed

text: its

text: peak

text: popularity

text: between

text: and

text: Its

text: cardinal

text: trait

text: is

text: its

text: syncopated

text: or

text: ragged

text: rhythm

text: The

text: genre

text: has

text: its

text: origins

text: in

text: African

text: American

text: communities

text: like

text: St.

text: Louis

text: years

text: before

text: being

text: published

text: as

text: popular

text: sheet

text: music

text: for

text: piano

text: Ernest

text: Hogan

text: was

text: pioneer

text: of

text: ragtime

text: music

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: compose

text: ragtime

text: into

text: sheet

text: music

text: The

text: composition

text: was

text: called

text: LA

text: Pas

text: Ma

text: LA

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Hogan

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: credited

text: for

text: coining

text: the

text: term

text: ragtime

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: actually

text: derived

text: from

text: his

text: hometown

text: Shake

text: Rag

text: in

text: Bowling

text: Green

text: Kentucky

text: Ben

text: Harney

text: who

text: is

text: also

text: Kentucky

text: native

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: credited

text: for

text: introducing

text: the

text: music

text: to

text: the

text: mainstream

text: public

text: His

text: first

text: ragtime

text: composition

text: You

text: 've

text: been

text: good

text: old

text: wagon

text: but

text: you

text: done

text: broke

text: helped

text: popularize

text: the

text: musical

text: genre

text: The

text: composition

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: but

text: released

text: in

text: Ragtime

text: was

text: also

text: modification

text: of

text: the

text: march

text: made

text: popular

text: by

text: John

text: Philip

text: Sousa

text: with

text: additional

text: polyrhythms

text: coming

text: from

text: African

text: music

text: The

text: ragtime

text: composer

text: Scott

text: Joplin

text: ca

text: became

text: famous

text: through

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: the

text: Maple

text: Leaf

text: Rag

text: and

text: string

text: of

text: ragtime

text: hits

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Entertainer

text: although

text: he

text: was

text: later

text: forgotten

text: by

text: all

text: but

text: small

text: dedicated

text: community

text: of

text: ragtime

text: aficionados

text: until

text: the

text: major

text: ragtime

text: revival

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: For

text: at

text: least

text: years

text: after

text: its

text: publication

text: Maple

text: Leaf

text: Rag

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: subsequent

text: ragtime

text: composers

text: with

text: its

text: melody

text: lines

text: harmonic

text: progressions

text: or

text: metric

text: patterns

text: The Jeff Beck Group was an English rock band formed in London in January 1967 by former The Yardbirds guitarist Jeff Beck. Their innovative approach to heavy-sounding blues and rhythm and blues was a major influence on popular music.

text: The

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Group

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: January

text: by

text: former

text: The

text: Yardbirds

text: guitarist

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Their

text: innovative

text: approach

text: to

text: heavy

text: sounding

text: blues

text: and

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: was

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: popular

text: music

text: Geoffrey Arnold "Jeff" Beck (born 24 June 1944) is an English rock guitarist. He is one of the three noted guitarists to have played with The Yardbirds (the other two being Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page). Beck also formed The Jeff Beck Group and Beck, Bogert & Appice.

text: Geoffrey

text: Arnold

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: guitarist

text: He

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: noted

text: guitarists

text: to

text: have

text: played

text: with

text: The

text: Yardbirds

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: being

text: Eric

text: Clapton

text: and

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: Beck

text: also

text: formed

text: The

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Group

text: and

text: Beck

text: Bogert

text: Appice

text: Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art forms".

text: Jazz

text: is

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: amongst

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: New

text: Orleans

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Since

text: the

text: jazz

text: age

text: jazz

text: has

text: become

text: recognized

text: as

text: major

text: form

text: of

text: musical

text: expression

text: It

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: independent

text: traditional

text: and

text: popular

text: musical

text: styles

text: all

text: linked

text: by

text: the

text: common

text: bonds

text: of

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: musical

text: parentage

text: with

text: performance

text: orientation

text: Jazz

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: swing

text: and

text: blue

text: notes

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: vocals

text: polyrhythms

text: and

text: improvisation

text: Jazz

text: has

text: roots

text: in

text: West

text: African

text: cultural

text: and

text: musical

text: expression

text: and

text: in

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: traditions

text: including

text: blues

text: and

text: ragtime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: European

text: military

text: band

text: music

text: Although

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: jazz

text: is

text: deeply

text: rooted

text: within

text: the

text: Black

text: experience

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: different

text: cultures

text: have

text: contributed

text: their

text: own

text: experience

text: and

text: styles

text: to

text: the

text: art

text: form

text: as

text: well

text: Intellectuals

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: hailed

text: jazz

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: original

text: art

text: forms

text: Clive Chaman was born in Trinidad and is a UK-based bass guitarist and session musician.

text: Clive

text: Chaman

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Trinidad

text: and

text: is

text: UK

text: based

text: bass

text: guitarist

text: and

text: session

text: musician

text: An electric piano is an electric musical instrument which produces sounds when a performer presses the keys of the piano-style musical keyboard. Pressing keys causes mechanical hammers to strike metal strings, metal reeds or wire tines, leading to vibrations which are converted into electrical signals by magnetic pickups, which are then connected to an instrument amplifier and loudspeaker to make a sound loud enough for the performer and audience to hear. Unlike a synthesizer, the electric piano is not an electronic instrument. Instead, it is an electro-mechanical instrument. Some early electric pianos used lengths of wire to produce the tone, like a traditional piano. Smaller electric pianos used short slivers of steel to produce the tone. The earliest electric pianos were invented in the late 1920s; the 1929 "Neo-Bechstein" electric grand piano was among the first. Probably the earliest stringless model was Lloyd Loar's Vivi-Tone Clavier. A few other noteworthy producers of electric pianos include Baldwin Piano and Organ Company and the Wurlitzer Company.

text: An

text: electric

text: piano

text: is

text: an

text: electric

text: musical

text: instrument

text: which

text: produces

text: sounds

text: when

text: performer

text: presses

text: the

text: keys

text: of

text: the

text: piano

text: style

text: musical

text: keyboard

text: Pressing

text: keys

text: causes

text: mechanical

text: hammers

text: to

text: strike

text: metal

text: strings

text: metal

text: reeds

text: or

text: wire

text: tines

text: leading

text: to

text: vibrations

text: which

text: are

text: converted

text: into

text: electrical

text: signals

text: by

text: magnetic

text: pickups

text: which

text: are

text: then

text: connected

text: to

text: an

text: instrument

text: amplifier

text: and

text: loudspeaker

text: to

text: make

text: sound

text: loud

text: enough

text: for

text: the

text: performer

text: and

text: audience

text: to

text: hear

text: Unlike

text: synthesizer

text: the

text: electric

text: piano

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: electronic

text: instrument

text: Instead

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: electro

text: mechanical

text: instrument

text: Some

text: early

text: electric

text: pianos

text: used

text: lengths

text: of

text: wire

text: to

text: produce

text: the

text: tone

text: like

text: traditional

text: piano

text: Smaller

text: electric

text: pianos

text: used

text: short

text: slivers

text: of

text: steel

text: to

text: produce

text: the

text: tone

text: The

text: earliest

text: electric

text: pianos

text: were

text: invented

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: the

text: Neo

text: Bechstein

text: electric

text: grand

text: piano

text: was

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: Probably

text: the

text: earliest

text: stringless

text: model

text: was

text: Lloyd

text: Loar

text: 's

text: Vivi

text: Tone

text: Clavier

text: few

text: other

text: noteworthy

text: producers

text: of

text: electric

text: pianos

text: include

text: Baldwin

text: Piano

text: and

text: Organ

text: Company

text: and

text: the

text: Wurlitzer

text: Company

text: West Africa, also called Western Africa and the West of Africa, is the westernmost subregion of Africa. West Africa has been defined as including 18 countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, the island nation of Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, the island of Saint Helena, Senegal, Sierra Leone, São Tomé and Príncipe and Togo.

text: West

text: Africa

text: also

text: called

text: Western

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: West

text: of

text: Africa

text: is

text: the

text: westernmost

text: subregion

text: of

text: Africa

text: West

text: Africa

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: as

text: including

text: countries

text: Benin

text: Burkina

text: Faso

text: the

text: island

text: nation

text: of

text: Cape

text: Verde

text: Gambia

text: Ghana

text: Guinea

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

text: Ivory

text: Coast

text: Liberia

text: Mali

text: Mauritania

text: Niger

text: Nigeria

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: Senegal

text: Sierra

text: Leone

text: São

text: Tomé

text: and

text: Príncipe

text: and

text: Togo

text: Blow by Blow is the second solo album by British guitarist Jeff Beck, released on Epic Records in 1975, and recorded in October 1974. It was the first under his name alone. An instrumental album, it peaked at No. 4 on the "Billboard" 200 and has been certified platinum by the RIAA.

text: Blow

text: by

text: Blow

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: solo

text: album

text: by

text: British

text: guitarist

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: released

text: on

text: Epic

text: Records

text: in

text: and

text: recorded

text: in

text: October

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: under

text: his

text: name

text: alone

text: An

text: instrumental

text: album

text: it

text: peaked

text: at

text: No

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: certified

text: platinum

text: by

text: the

text: RIAA

text: Colin Trevor "Cozy" Powell (29 December 1947  5 April 1998) was an English rock drummer, who made his name with many major rock bands and artists like The Jeff Beck Group, Rainbow, Robert Plant, Brian May, Whitesnake, Emerson, Lake & Powell, and Black Sabbath.

text: Colin

text: Trevor

text: Cozy

text: Powell

text: December

text: April

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: drummer

text: who

text: made

text: his

text: name

text: with

text: many

text: major

text: rock

text: bands

text: and

text: artists

text: like

text: The

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Group

text: Rainbow

text: Robert

text: Plant

text: Brian

text: May

text: Whitesnake

text: Emerson

text: Lake

text: Powell

text: and

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: The Minimoog is a monophonic analog synthesizer, invented by Bill Hemsath and Robert Moog. It was released in 1970 by R.A. Moog Inc. (Moog Music after 1972), and production was stopped in 1981. It was re-designed by Robert Moog in 2002 and released as Minimoog Voyager. In May 2016, Moog announced a limited-run "pilot production" reissue of the Model D, to be launched at Moogfest. It has subsequently gone into full production.

text: The

text: Minimoog

text: is

text: monophonic

text: analog

text: synthesizer

text: invented

text: by

text: Bill

text: Hemsath

text: and

text: Robert

text: Moog

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: by

text: R.A.

text: Moog

text: Inc.

text: Moog

text: Music

text: after

text: and

text: production

text: was

text: stopped

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: re

text: designed

text: by

text: Robert

text: Moog

text: in

text: and

text: released

text: as

text: Minimoog

text: Voyager

text: In

text: May

text: Moog

text: announced

text: limited

text: run

text: pilot

text: production

text: reissue

text: of

text: the

text: Model

text: to

text: be

text: launched

text: at

text: Moogfest

text: It

text: has

text: subsequently

text: gone

text: into

text: full

text: production

text: Robert Anthony Plant, (born 20 August 1948) is an English musician, singer, and songwriter best known as the lead singer and lyricist of the rock band Led Zeppelin. A powerful and wide vocal range (particularly evident in his high-pitched vocals) has given him a successful solo career spanning over 30 years. Plant is regarded as one of the greatest singers in the history of rock and roll; he has influenced fellow rock singers such as Freddie Mercury, Axl Rose and Chris Cornell. In 2006, Heavy Metal magazine "Hit Parader" named Plant the "Greatest Metal Vocalist of All Time". In 2009, Plant was voted "the greatest voice in rock" in a poll conducted by "Planet Rock". In 2008, "Rolling Stone" editors ranked him number 15 on their list of the 100 best singers of all time. In 2011, "Rolling Stone" readers ranked Plant the greatest of all lead singers.

text: Robert

text: Anthony

text: Plant

text: born

text: August

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: lead

text: singer

text: and

text: lyricist

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

text: powerful

text: and

text: wide

text: vocal

text: range

text: particularly

text: evident

text: in

text: his

text: high

text: pitched

text: vocals

text: has

text: given

text: him

text: successful

text: solo

text: career

text: spanning

text: over

text: years

text: Plant

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: singers

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: he

text: has

text: influenced

text: fellow

text: rock

text: singers

text: such

text: as

text: Freddie

text: Mercury

text: Axl

text: Rose

text: and

text: Chris

text: Cornell

text: In

text: Heavy

text: Metal

text: magazine

text: Hit

text: Parader

text: named

text: Plant

text: the

text: Greatest

text: Metal

text: Vocalist

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: In

text: Plant

text: was

text: voted

text: the

text: greatest

text: voice

text: in

text: rock

text: in

text: poll

text: conducted

text: by

text: Planet

text: Rock

text: In

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: editors

text: ranked

text: him

text: number

text: on

text: their

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: singers

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: In

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: readers

text: ranked

text: Plant

text: the

text: greatest

text: of

text: all

text: lead

text: singers

text:
A sideman is a professional musician who is hired to perform or record with a group of which he or she is not a regular member. They often tour with solo acts as well as bands and jazz ensembles. Sidemen are generally required to be adaptable to many different styles of music, and so able to fit smoothly into the group in which they are currently playing. Often aspiring musicians start out as sidemen, and then move on to develop their own sound, a name, and fans of their own, or go on to form their own groups. Some examples of this are:
Some sidemen become famous for their musical specialties, and become highly sought-after by pop, rock, blues, jazz and country music bands. Examples of some of these include multi-instrumentalists. David Lindley is a multi-instrumentalist who has worked with such diverse musicians as Curtis Mayfield, Dolly Parton, Jackson Browne, and Hani Naser. Lindley used his time as a sideman to discover and master new instruments while on tour around the world, becoming proficient on ethnic instruments rarely seen in Western music genres. He has mastered so many that he admits to losing count, and instead placed a photo gallery of them on his website.

text: sideman

text: is

text: professional

text: musician

text: who

text: is

text: hired

text: to

text: perform

text: or

text: record

text: with

text: group

text: of

text: which

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: is

text: not

text: regular

text: member

text: They

text: often

text: tour

text: with

text: solo

text: acts

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: bands

text: and

text: jazz

text: ensembles

text: Sidemen

text: are

text: generally

text: required

text: to

text: be

text: adaptable

text: to

text: many

text: different

text: styles

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: so

text: able

text: to

text: fit

text: smoothly

text: into

text: the

text: group

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: currently

text: playing

text: Often

text: aspiring

text: musicians

text: start

text: out

text: as

text: sidemen

text: and

text: then

text: move

text: on

text: to

text: develop

text: their

text: own

text: sound

text: name

text: and

text: fans

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: or

text: go

text: on

text: to

text: form

text: their

text: own

text: groups

text: Some

text: examples

text: of

text: this

text: are

text: Some

text: sidemen

text: become

text: famous

text: for

text: their

text: musical

text: specialties

text: and

text: become

text: highly

text: sought

text: after

text: by

text: pop

text: rock

text: blues

text: jazz

text: and

text: country

text: music

text: bands

text: Examples

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: include

text: multi

text: instrumentalists

text: David

text: Lindley

text: is

text: multi

text: instrumentalist

text: who

text: has

text: worked

text: with

text: such

text: diverse

text: musicians

text: as

text: Curtis

text: Mayfield

text: Dolly

text: Parton

text: Jackson

text: Browne

text: and

text: Hani

text: Naser

text: Lindley

text: used

text: his

text: time

text: as

text: sideman

text: to

text: discover

text: and

text: master

text: new

text: instruments

text: while

text: on

text: tour

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: becoming

text: proficient

text: on

text: ethnic

text: instruments

text: rarely

text: seen

text: in

text: Western

text: music

text: genres

text: He

text: has

text: mastered

text: so

text: many

text: that

text: he

text: admits

text: to

text: losing

text: count

text: and

text: instead

text: placed

text: photo

text: gallery

text: of

text: them

text: on

text: his

text: website

text: Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter and astrophysicist best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. He uses a home-built electric guitar, called the Red Special. His compositions for the band include "We Will Rock You", "Tie Your Mother Down", "I Want It All", "Fat Bottomed Girls", "Flash", "Hammer to Fall", "Save Me", "Who Wants to Live Forever" and "The Show Must Go On".

text: Brian

text: Harold

text: May

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: astrophysicist

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: lead

text: guitarist

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: Queen

text: He

text: uses

text: home

text: built

text: electric

text: guitar

text: called

text: the

text: Red

text: Special

text: His

text: compositions

text: for

text: the

text: band

text: include

text: We

text: Will

text: Rock

text: You

text: Tie

text: Your

text: Mother

text: Down

text: Want

text: It

text: All

text: Fat

text: Bottomed

text: Girls

text: Flash

text: Hammer

text: to

text: Fall

text: Save

text: Me

text: Who

text: Wants

text: to

text: Live

text: Forever

text: and

text: The

text: Show

text: Must

text: Go

text: On

text:
Rhythm and blues, often abbreviated as R&B or RnB, is a genre of popular African-American music that originated in the 1940s. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban African Americans, at a time when "urbane, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat" was becoming more popular.
In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, the bands usually consisted of piano, one or two guitars, bass, drums, saxophone, and sometimes background vocalists. R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy. Lyrics focus heavily on the themes of triumphs and failures in terms of relationships, freedom, economics, aspirations, and sex.

text: Rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: R&B

text: or

text: RnB

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: originally

text: used

text: by

text: record

text: companies

text: to

text: describe

text: recordings

text: marketed

text: predominantly

text: to

text: urban

text: African

text: Americans

text: at

text: time

text: when

text: urbane

text: rocking

text: jazz

text: based

text: music

text: with

text: heavy

text: insistent

text: beat

text: was

text: becoming

text: more

text: popular

text: In

text: the

text: commercial

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: music

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: through

text: the

text: the

text: bands

text: usually

text: consisted

text: of

text: piano

text: one

text: or

text: two

text: guitars

text: bass

text: drums

text: saxophone

text: and

text: sometimes

text: background

text: vocalists

text: R&B

text: lyrical

text: themes

text: often

text: encapsulate

text: the

text: African

text: American

text: experience

text: of

text: pain

text: and

text: the

text: quest

text: for

text: freedom

text: and

text: joy

text: Lyrics

text: focus

text: heavily

text: on

text: the

text: themes

text: of

text: triumphs

text: and

text: failures

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: relationships

text: freedom

text: economics

text: aspirations

text: and

text: sex

text: Rough and Ready is the third album by The Jeff Beck Group and the first of two by the second Jeff Beck Group . Released in 1971 , it featured more of a jazz , soul and R&B edge to counter Beck 's lead guitar . As a songwriter , Beck contributed more pieces to Rough and Ready than he had before , or ever would again . Beck enlisted Bobby Tench as vocalist and it is also the first time keyboardist Max Middleton is heard . Other members of this line up are drummer Cozy Powell and bassist Clive Chaman .

text: Rough

text: and

text: Ready

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: album

text: by

text: The

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Group

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: two

text: by

text: the

text: second

text: Jeff

text: Beck

text: Group

text: Released

text: in

text: it

text: featured

text: more

text: of

text: jazz

text: soul

text: and

text: R&B

text: edge

text: to

text: counter

text: Beck

text: 's

text: lead

text: guitar

text: As

text: songwriter

text: Beck

text: contributed

text: more

text: pieces

text: to

text: Rough

text: and

text: Ready

text: than

text: he

text: had

text: before

text: or

text: ever

text: would

text: again

text: Beck

text: enlisted

text: Bobby

text: Tench

text: as

text: vocalist

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: keyboardist

text: Max

text: Middleton

text: is

text: heard

text: Other

text: members

text: of

text: this

text: line

text: up

text: are

text: drummer

text: Cozy

text: Powell

text: and

text: bassist

text: Clive

text: Chaman

text: Robert Tench also known as Bob Tench, Bobby Tench and Bobby Gass is a British vocalist, guitarist, sideman and songwriter.

text: Robert

text: Tench

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Bob

text: Tench

text: Bobby

text: Tench

text: and

text: Bobby

text: Gass

text: is

text: British

text: vocalist

text: guitarist

text: sideman

text: and

text: songwriter

text: The Clavinet is an electrically amplified clavichord that was manufactured by the Hohner company of Trossingen, West Germany from 1964 to the early 1980s. Hohner produced seven models over the years, designated I, II, L, C, D6, E7 and Duo. Its distinctive bright staccato sound has featured most prominently in funk, jazz-funk, rock, and soul songs.

text: The

text: Clavinet

text: is

text: an

text: electrically

text: amplified

text: clavichord

text: that

text: was

text: manufactured

text: by

text: the

text: Hohner

text: company

text: of

text: Trossingen

text: West

text: Germany

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: Hohner

text: produced

text: seven

text: models

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: designated

text: II

text: and

text: Duo

text: Its

text: distinctive

text: bright

text: staccato

text: sound

text: has

text: featured

text: most

text: prominently

text: in

text: funk

text: jazz

text: funk

text: rock

text: and

text: soul

text: songs

text: Black Sabbath are an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward. The band have since experienced multiple line-up changes, with guitarist Iommi being the only constant presence in the band through the years. Originally formed as a blues rock band, the group soon adopted the Black Sabbath moniker and began incorporating occult themes with horror-inspired lyrics and tuned-down guitars. Despite an association with these two themes, Black Sabbath also composed songs dealing with social instability, political corruption, the dangers of drug abuse and apocalyptic prophecies of the horrors of war.

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: are

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: Birmingham

text: in

text: by

text: guitarist

text: and

text: main

text: songwriter

text: Tony

text: Iommi

text: bassist

text: and

text: main

text: lyricist

text: Geezer

text: Butler

text: singer

text: Ozzy

text: Osbourne

text: and

text: drummer

text: Bill

text: Ward

text: The

text: band

text: have

text: since

text: experienced

text: multiple

text: line

text: up

text: changes

text: with

text: guitarist

text: Iommi

text: being

text: the

text: only

text: constant

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: band

text: through

text: the

text: years

text: Originally

text: formed

text: as

text: blues

text: rock

text: band

text: the

text: group

text: soon

text: adopted

text: the

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: moniker

text: and

text: began

text: incorporating

text: occult

text: themes

text: with

text: horror

text: inspired

text: lyrics

text: and

text: tuned

text: down

text: guitars

text: Despite

text: an

text: association

text: with

text: these

text: two

text: themes

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: also

text: composed

text: songs

text: dealing

text: with

text: social

text: instability

text: political

text: corruption

text: the

text: dangers

text: of

text: drug

text: abuse

text: and

text: apocalyptic

text: prophecies

text: of

text: the

text: horrors

text: of

text: war

text: Whitesnake are a rock band formed in England in 1978 by David Coverdale, after his departure from his previous band Deep Purple. Their early material has been compared by critics to the blues rock of Deep Purple, but they slowly began moving toward a more commercially accessible rock style. By the turn of the decade, the band's commercial fortunes changed and they released a string of UK top 10 albums, "Ready an' Willing" (1980), "Come an' Get It" (1981), "Saints & Sinners" (1982) and "Slide It In" (1984), the last of which was their first to chart in the US and is certified 2x platinum.

text: Whitesnake

text: are

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: England

text: in

text: by

text: David

text: Coverdale

text: after

text: his

text: departure

text: from

text: his

text: previous

text: band

text: Deep

text: Purple

text: Their

text: early

text: material

text: has

text: been

text: compared

text: by

text: critics

text: to

text: the

text: blues

text: rock

text: of

text: Deep

text: Purple

text: but

text: they

text: slowly

text: began

text: moving

text: toward

text: more

text: commercially

text: accessible

text: rock

text: style

text: By

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: commercial

text: fortunes

text: changed

text: and

text: they

text: released

text: string

text: of

text: UK

text: top

text: albums

text: Ready

text: an

text: Willing

text: Come

text: an

text: Get

text: It

text: Saints

text: Sinners

text: and

text: Slide

text: It

text: In

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: their

text: first

text: to

text: chart

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: and

text: is

text: certified

text: platinum

text: Eric Patrick Clapton, (born 1945), is an English rock and blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He is the only three-time inductee to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: once as a solo artist and separately as a member of the Yardbirds and Cream. Clapton has been referred to as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time. Clapton ranked second in "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" and fourth in Gibson's "Top 50 Guitarists of All Time". He was also named number five in "Time" magazine's list of "The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players" in 2009.

text: Eric

text: Patrick

text: Clapton

text: born

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: and

text: blues

text: guitarist

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: three

text: time

text: inductee

text: to

text: the

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: once

text: as

text: solo

text: artist

text: and

text: separately

text: as

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Yardbirds

text: and

text: Cream

text: Clapton

text: has

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: and

text: influential

text: guitarists

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: Clapton

text: ranked

text: second

text: in

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: magazine

text: 's

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: Greatest

text: Guitarists

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: and

text: fourth

text: in

text: Gibson

text: 's

text: Top

text: Guitarists

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: named

text: number

text: five

text: in

text: Time

text: magazine

text: 's

text: list

text: of

text: The

text: Best

text: Electric

text: Guitar

text: Players

text: in

text: James Patrick "Jimmy" Page, (born 9 January 1944) is an English musician, songwriter, and record producer who achieved international success as the guitarist and founder of the rock band Led Zeppelin.

text: James

text: Patrick

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: who

text: achieved

text: international

text: success

text: as

text: the

text: guitarist

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

text:
Session musicians, also called studio musicians, are professional instrumental performers who can be hired to play at live performances or in recording sessions. Many session musicians specialize in playing rhythm section instruments such as electric guitar, piano, electric bass, double bass, or drum kit. Some session musicians "double" on multiple instruments, such as electric bass and double bass or keyboards and guitar, a skill that enables them to play in a wider range of musical styles. Usually such musicians are not permanent members of a musical ensemble with the singers/soloists that they are accompanying and they often do not achieve individual fame in their own right as soloists or bandleaders. However, some backing bands of session musicians have become well known (e.g., The Wrecking Crew).
Skills and equipment.
The term is applied to performers working in many musical styles, ranging from rock, R&B and soul music to country music. Versatility and excellent technique (having strong rhythmic sense, playing notes and chords correctly, excellent intonation, etc.) are two of the most important skills of session musicians, as they may have to perform songs, tunes and pieces from a range of different styles in a range of different settings, often with little or no rehearsal time or personal practice time. As well,session musicians have an extensive knowledge of musical styles and idioms.

text: Session

text: musicians

text: also

text: called

text: studio

text: musicians

text: are

text: professional

text: instrumental

text: performers

text: who

text: can

text: be

text: hired

text: to

text: play

text: at

text: live

text: performances

text: or

text: in

text: recording

text: sessions

text: Many

text: session

text: musicians

text: specialize

text: in

text: playing

text: rhythm

text: section

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: guitar

text: piano

text: electric

text: bass

text: double

text: bass

text: or

text: drum

text: kit

text: Some

text: session

text: musicians

text: double

text: on

text: multiple

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: bass

text: and

text: double

text: bass

text: or

text: keyboards

text: and

text: guitar

text: skill

text: that

text: enables

text: them

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: wider

text: range

text: of

text: musical

text: styles

text: Usually

text: such

text: musicians

text: are

text: not

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: with

text: the

text: singers

text: soloists

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: accompanying

text: and

text: they

text: often

text: do

text: not

text: achieve

text: individual

text: fame

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: right

text: as

text: soloists

text: or

text: bandleaders

text: However

text: some

text: backing

text: bands

text: of

text: session

text: musicians

text: have

text: become

text: well

text: known

text: e.g.

text: The

text: Wrecking

text: Crew

text: Skills

text: and

text: equipment

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: performers

text: working

text: in

text: many

text: musical

text: styles

text: ranging

text: from

text: rock

text: R&B

text: and

text: soul

text: music

text: to

text: country

text: music

text: Versatility

text: and

text: excellent

text: technique

text: having

text: strong

text: rhythmic

text: sense

text: playing

text: notes

text: and

text: chords

text: correctly

text: excellent

text: intonation

text: etc

text: are

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: skills

text: of

text: session

text: musicians

text: as

text: they

text: may

text: have

text: to

text: perform

text: songs

text: tunes

text: and

text: pieces

text: from

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: settings

text: often

text: with

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: rehearsal

text: time

text: or

text: personal

text: practice

text: time

text: As

text: well

text: session

text: musicians

text: have

text: an

text: extensive

text: knowledge

text: of

text: musical

text: styles

text: and

text: idioms

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

annotations: follows multiple

question: record_label rough and ready

answer: epic records

text: epic records


text: Saskatchewan (or ) is a prairie and boreal province in west-central Canada, the only province without natural borders. It has an area of , nearly 10 percent of which is fresh water, composed mostly of rivers, reservoirs, and the province's 100,000 lakes.

text: Saskatchewan

text: or

text: is

text: prairie

text: and

text: boreal

text: province

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Canada

text: the

text: only

text: province

text: without

text: natural

text: borders

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: fresh

text: water

text: composed

text: mostly

text: of

text: rivers

text: reservoirs

text: and

text: the

text: province

text: 's

text: lakes

text: Wyoming is a state in the mountain region of the western United States. The state is the tenth largest by area, the least populous and the second least densely populated state in the country. Wyoming is bordered on the north by Montana, on the east by South Dakota and Nebraska, on the south by Colorado, on the southwest by Utah, and on the west by Idaho. Cheyenne is the capital and the most populous city in Wyoming, with a population estimate of 63,335 in 2015. The state population was estimated at 586,107 in 2015, which is less than the population of 31 of the largest U.S. cities.

text: Wyoming

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: mountain

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: the

text: tenth

text: largest

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: least

text: populous

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: least

text: densely

text: populated

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Wyoming

text: is

text: bordered

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Montana

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: South

text: Dakota

text: and

text: Nebraska

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: Colorado

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: by

text: Utah

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Idaho

text: Cheyenne

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Wyoming

text: with

text: population

text: estimate

text: of

text: in

text: The

text: state

text: population

text: was

text: estimated

text: at

text: in

text: which

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: The TriassicJurassic extinction event marks the boundary between the Triassic and Jurassic periods, , and is one of the major extinction events of the Phanerozoic eon, profoundly affecting life on land and in the oceans. In the seas, a whole class (conodonts) and 34% of marine genera disappeared. On land, all pseudosuchians (non-ornithodiran archosaurs) other than crocodylomorphs (Sphenosuchia and Crocodyliformes), some remaining therapsids, and many of the large amphibians became extinct.

text: The

text: TriassicJurassic

text: extinction

text: event

text: marks

text: the

text: boundary

text: between

text: the

text: Triassic

text: and

text: Jurassic

text: periods

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: extinction

text: events

text: of

text: the

text: Phanerozoic

text: eon

text: profoundly

text: affecting

text: life

text: on

text: land

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: oceans

text: In

text: the

text: seas

text: whole

text: class

text: conodonts

text: and

text: of

text: marine

text: genera

text: disappeared

text: On

text: land

text: all

text: pseudosuchians

text: non

text: ornithodiran

text: archosaurs

text: other

text: than

text: crocodylomorphs

text: Sphenosuchia

text: and

text: Crocodyliformes

text: some

text: remaining

text: therapsids

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: large

text: amphibians

text: became

text: extinct

text: Alberta is a western province of Canada. With an estimated population of 4,196,457 as of July 1, 2015, it is Canada's fourth-most populous province and the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces. Its area is about . Alberta and its neighbour Saskatchewan were districts of the Northwest Territories until they were established as provinces on September 1, 1905. The premier has been Rachel Notley since May 2015.

text: Alberta

text: is

text: western

text: province

text: of

text: Canada

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: July

text: it

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: Canada

text: 's

text: three

text: prairie

text: provinces

text: Its

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: Alberta

text: and

text: its

text: neighbour

text: Saskatchewan

text: were

text: districts

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: until

text: they

text: were

text: established

text: as

text: provinces

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: premier

text: has

text: been

text: Rachel

text: Notley

text: since

text: May

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text:
Prairies are ecosystems considered part of the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome by ecologists, based on similar temperate climates, moderate rainfall, and a composition of grasses, herbs, and shrubs, rather than trees, as the dominant vegetation type. Temperate grassland regions include the Pampas of Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay as well as the steppes of Eurasia.
Lands typically referred to as "prairie" tend to be in North America. The term encompasses the area referred to as the Interior Lowlands of Canada, the United States, and Mexico, which includes all of the Great Plains as well as the wetter, somewhat hillier land to the east. In the U.S., the area is constituted by most or all of the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma, and sizable parts of the states of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin, and western and southern Minnesota. The Central Valley of California is also a prairie. The Canadian Prairies occupy vast areas of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.

text: Prairies

text: are

text: ecosystems

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: temperate

text: grasslands

text: savannas

text: and

text: shrublands

text: biome

text: by

text: ecologists

text: based

text: on

text: similar

text: temperate

text: climates

text: moderate

text: rainfall

text: and

text: composition

text: of

text: grasses

text: herbs

text: and

text: shrubs

text: rather

text: than

text: trees

text: as

text: the

text: dominant

text: vegetation

text: type

text: Temperate

text: grassland

text: regions

text: include

text: the

text: Pampas

text: of

text: Argentina

text: southern

text: Brazil

text: and

text: Uruguay

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: steppes

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Lands

text: typically

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: prairie

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: term

text: encompasses

text: the

text: area

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Interior

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Canada

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Mexico

text: which

text: includes

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: wetter

text: somewhat

text: hillier

text: land

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: U.S.

text: the

text: area

text: is

text: constituted

text: by

text: most

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: North

text: Dakota

text: South

text: Dakota

text: Nebraska

text: Kansas

text: and

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: sizable

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Montana

text: Wyoming

text: Colorado

text: New

text: Mexico

text: Texas

text: Missouri

text: Iowa

text: Illinois

text: Ohio

text: Indiana

text: Wisconsin

text: and

text: western

text: and

text: southern

text: Minnesota

text: The

text: Central

text: Valley

text: of

text: California

text: is

text: also

text: prairie

text: The

text: Canadian

text: Prairies

text: occupy

text: vast

text: areas

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: Saskatchewan

text: and

text: Alberta

text: Ceratops (meaning "horn face") is a dubious genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous. Its fossils have been found in Montana. Although poorly known, "Ceratops" is important in the history of dinosaurs, since it is the type genus for which both the Ceratopsia and the Ceratopsidae have been named. The material is too poor to be confidently referred to better specimens, and "Ceratops" is thus considered a "nomen dubium".

text: Ceratops

text: meaning

text: horn

text: face

text: is

text: dubious

text: genus

text: of

text: herbivorous

text: ceratopsian

text: dinosaur

text: which

text: lived

text: during

text: the

text: Late

text: Cretaceous

text: Its

text: fossils

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: Montana

text: Although

text: poorly

text: known

text: Ceratops

text: is

text: important

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: dinosaurs

text: since

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: type

text: genus

text: for

text: which

text: both

text: the

text: Ceratopsia

text: and

text: the

text: Ceratopsidae

text: have

text: been

text: named

text: The

text: material

text: is

text: too

text: poor

text: to

text: be

text: confidently

text: referred

text: to

text: better

text: specimens

text: and

text: Ceratops

text: is

text: thus

text: considered

text: nomen

text: dubium

text: Montana is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana has a border with three Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, the only state to do so. It also borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and Idaho to the west and southwest. Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. The eastern half of Montana is characterized by western prairie terrain and badlands.

text: Montana

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: name

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Spanish

text: word

text: mountain

text: Montana

text: has

text: several

text: nicknames

text: although

text: official

text: including

text: Big

text: Sky

text: Country

text: and

text: The

text: Treasure

text: State

text: and

text: slogans

text: that

text: include

text: Land

text: of

text: the

text: Shining

text: Mountains

text: and

text: more

text: recently

text: The

text: Last

text: Best

text: Place

text: Montana

text: has

text: border

text: with

text: three

text: Canadian

text: provinces

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Alberta

text: and

text: Saskatchewan

text: the

text: only

text: state

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: It

text: also

text: borders

text: North

text: Dakota

text: and

text: South

text: Dakota

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Wyoming

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Idaho

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: southwest

text: Montana

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: size

text: but

text: in

text: population

text: and

text: in

text: population

text: density

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: western

text: third

text: of

text: Montana

text: contains

text: numerous

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: Smaller

text: island

text: ranges

text: are

text: found

text: throughout

text: the

text: state

text: In

text: total

text: named

text: ranges

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: The

text: eastern

text: half

text: of

text: Montana

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: western

text: prairie

text: terrain

text: and

text: badlands

text: The Jurassic (from Jura Mountains) is a geologic period and system that spans 56.3 million years from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic Era, also known as the Age of Reptiles. The start of the period is marked by the major TriassicJurassic extinction event. Two other extinction events occurred during the period: the Pliensbachian/Toarcian event in the Early Jurassic, and the Tithonian event at the end; however, neither event ranks among the "Big Five" mass extinctions.

text: The

text: Jurassic

text: from

text: Jura

text: Mountains

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: that

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Triassic

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: Mya

text: The

text: Jurassic

text: constitutes

text: the

text: middle

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Reptiles

text: The

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: is

text: marked

text: by

text: the

text: major

text: TriassicJurassic

text: extinction

text: event

text: Two

text: other

text: extinction

text: events

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: the

text: Pliensbachian

text: Toarcian

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: Early

text: Jurassic

text: and

text: the

text: Tithonian

text: event

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: however

text: neither

text: event

text: ranks

text: among

text: the

text: Big

text: Five

text: mass

text: extinctions

text: Ceratopsia or Ceratopia (or ; Greek: "horned faces") is a group of herbivorous, beaked dinosaurs that thrived in what are now North America, Europe, and Asia, during the Cretaceous Period, although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Jurassic. The earliest known ceratopsian, "Yinlong downsi", lived between 161.2 and 155.7 million years ago. The last ceratopsian species, "Triceratops prorsus", became extinct during the CretaceousPaleogene extinction event, .

text: Ceratopsia

text: or

text: Ceratopia

text: or

text: Greek

text: horned

text: faces

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: herbivorous

text: beaked

text: dinosaurs

text: that

text: thrived

text: in

text: what

text: are

text: now

text: North

text: America

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: during

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: although

text: ancestral

text: forms

text: lived

text: earlier

text: in

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: ceratopsian

text: Yinlong

text: downsi

text: lived

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: The

text: last

text: ceratopsian

text: species

text: Triceratops

text: prorsus

text: became

text: extinct

text: during

text: the

text: CretaceousPaleogene

text: extinction

text: event

text: Idaho is a state in the northwestern region of the United States. It borders the state of Montana to the east and northeast, Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington and Oregon to the west. To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canadian border with the province of British Columbia. With a population of around 1.7 million people and an area of , Idaho is the 14th largest and 39th most populous of the 50 states. The state's capital and largest city is Boise.

text: Idaho

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: northwestern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Montana

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Wyoming

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Utah

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Washington

text: and

text: Oregon

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: it

text: shares

text: small

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Idaho

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Boise

text: The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.9 million years from the end of the Permian Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period Mya. The Triassic is the first period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich von Alberti, after the three distinct rock layers ("tri" meaning "three") that are found throughout Germany and northwestern Europered beds, capped by marine limestone, followed by a series of terrestrial mud- and sandstonescalled the "Trias".

text: The

text: Triassic

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: which

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Permian

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Period

text: Mya

text: The

text: Triassic

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: Both

text: the

text: start

text: and

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: are

text: marked

text: by

text: major

text: extinction

text: events

text: The

text: Triassic

text: was

text: named

text: in

text: by

text: Friedrich

text: von

text: Alberti

text: after

text: the

text: three

text: distinct

text: rock

text: layers

text: tri

text: meaning

text: three

text: that

text: are

text: found

text: throughout

text: Germany

text: and

text: northwestern

text: Europered

text: beds

text: capped

text: by

text: marine

text: limestone

text: followed

text: by

text: series

text: of

text: terrestrial

text: mud-

text: and

text: sandstonescalled

text: the

text: Trias

text: Dysganus is the name given to a dubious genus of dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous . It was a ceratopsian . Its fossils have been found in Montana .

text: Dysganus

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: dubious

text: genus

text: of

text: dinosaur

text: from

text: the

text: Late

text: Cretaceous

text: It

text: was

text: ceratopsian

text: Its

text: fossils

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: Montana

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period Mya. It is the last period of the Mesozoic Era. The Cretaceous Period is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation "Kreide" (chalk).

text: The

text: Cretaceous

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: that

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Paleogene

text: Period

text: Mya

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: The

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: is

text: usually

text: abbreviated

text: for

text: its

text: German

text: translation

text: Kreide

text: chalk

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: The Paleogene (or ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Mya. It is the beginning of the Cenozoic Era of the present Phanerozoic Eon. The Paleogene is most notable for being the time during which mammals diversified from relatively small, simple forms into a large group of diverse animals in the wake of the CretaceousPaleogene extinction event that ended the preceding Cretaceous Period.

text: The

text: Paleogene

text: or

text: also

text: spelled

text: Palaeogene

text: or

text: Palæogene

text: informally

text: Lower

text: Tertiary

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: that

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Neogene

text: Period

text: Mya

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Cenozoic

text: Era

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: Phanerozoic

text: Eon

text: The

text: Paleogene

text: is

text: most

text: notable

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: time

text: during

text: which

text: mammals

text: diversified

text: from

text: relatively

text: small

text: simple

text: forms

text: into

text: large

text: group

text: of

text: diverse

text: animals

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: CretaceousPaleogene

text: extinction

text: event

text: that

text: ended

text: the

text: preceding

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals of the clade Dinosauria that first appeared during the Triassic. Although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research, the current scientific consensus places their origin between 231 and 243 million years ago. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the TriassicJurassic extinction event 201 million years ago. Their dominance continued through the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and ended when the CretaceousPaleogene extinction event led to the extinction of most dinosaur groups 66 million years ago.

text: Dinosaurs

text: are

text: diverse

text: group

text: of

text: animals

text: of

text: the

text: clade

text: Dinosauria

text: that

text: first

text: appeared

text: during

text: the

text: Triassic

text: Although

text: the

text: exact

text: origin

text: and

text: timing

text: of

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: dinosaurs

text: is

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: active

text: research

text: the

text: current

text: scientific

text: consensus

text: places

text: their

text: origin

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: They

text: became

text: the

text: dominant

text: terrestrial

text: vertebrates

text: after

text: the

text: TriassicJurassic

text: extinction

text: event

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Their

text: dominance

text: continued

text: through

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: and

text: Cretaceous

text: periods

text: and

text: ended

text: when

text: the

text: CretaceousPaleogene

text: extinction

text: event

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: most

text: dinosaur

text: groups

text: million

text: years

text: ago

annotations: follows single

annotations: likely multiple

question: parent_taxon dysganus

answer: ceratopsidae

text: ceratopsidae


text: Pueblerina is a 1949 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández . It was entered into the 1949 Cannes Film Festival .

text: Pueblerina

text: is

text: Mexican

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Emilio

text: Fernández

text: It

text: was

text: entered

text: into

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: The Golden Age of Mexican cinema (in Spanish Época de Oro del Cine Mexicano) is a period in the history of the Cinema of Mexico between 1936 and 1959 when the Mexican film industry reached high levels of production, quality and economic success of its films, besides having gained recognition internationally. The Mexican film industry became the center of commercial films in Latin America.

text: The

text: Golden

text: Age

text: of

text: Mexican

text: cinema

text: in

text: Spanish

text: Época

text: de

text: Oro

text: del

text: Cine

text: Mexicano

text: is

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: Cinema

text: of

text: Mexico

text: between

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: Mexican

text: film

text: industry

text: reached

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: production

text: quality

text: and

text: economic

text: success

text: of

text: its

text: films

text: besides

text: having

text: gained

text: recognition

text: internationally

text: The

text: Mexican

text: film

text: industry

text: became

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: commercial

text: films

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: The Cannes Festival (French: Festival de Cannes), named until 2002 as the International Film Festival ("Festival international du film") and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries, from all around the world. Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually (usually in May) at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès.

text: The

text: Cannes

text: Festival

text: French

text: Festival

text: de

text: Cannes

text: named

text: until

text: as

text: the

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Festival

text: international

text: du

text: film

text: and

text: known

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: film

text: festival

text: held

text: in

text: Cannes

text: France

text: which

text: previews

text: new

text: films

text: of

text: all

text: genres

text: including

text: documentaries

text: from

text: all

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: Founded

text: in

text: the

text: invitation

text: only

text: festival

text: is

text: held

text: annually

text: usually

text: in

text: May

text: at

text: the

text: Palais

text: des

text: Festivals

text: et

text: des

text: Congrès

text: Emilio "El Indio" Fernández (born Emilio Fernández Romo, ; March 26, 1904  August 6, 1986) was a Mexican film director, actor and screenwriter. He was one of the most prolific film directors of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema in the 1940s and 1950s. He is best known for his work as director of the film "Maria Candelaria" (1944), which won the Palme d'Or award at the 1946 Cannes Film Festival. As an actor, he worked in numerous film productions in Mexico and in Hollywood.

text: Emilio

text: El

text: Indio

text: Fernández

text: born

text: Emilio

text: Fernández

text: Romo

text: March

text: August

text: was

text: Mexican

text: film

text: director

text: actor

text: and

text: screenwriter

text: He

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prolific

text: film

text: directors

text: of

text: the

text: Golden

text: Age

text: of

text: Mexican

text: cinema

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: as

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Maria

text: Candelaria

text: which

text: won

text: the

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: award

text: at

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: As

text: an

text: actor

text: he

text: worked

text: in

text: numerous

text: film

text: productions

text: in

text: Mexico

text: and

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: The 3rd Cannes Film Festival was held from September 2 to 17, film|. No festival was held in 1948.

text: The

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: was

text: held

text: from

text: September

text: to

text: film|

text: No

text: festival

text: was

text: held

text: in

annotations: likely single

question: original_language_of_work pueblerina

answer: spanish

text: spanish