text: Count Karl Sigmund von Hohenwart ( German : Karl Graf von Hohenwart ) ( February 12 , 1824 , Vienna -- April 26 , 1899 ) was an Austrian politician who served as Minister - President of Austria in 1871 . Hohenwart 's government attempted to implement a Federalist agreement between Bohemia and the governing Austro - Hungarian Empire . This attempt to conciliate the Bohemian Czechs caused massive criticism , and led to the fall of the Hohenwart government only months after it assumed office .

text: Count

text: Karl

text: Sigmund

text: von

text: Hohenwart

text: German

text: Karl

text: Graf

text: von

text: Hohenwart

text: February

text: Vienna

text: April

text: was

text: an

text: Austrian

text: politician

text: who

text: served

text: as

text: Minister

text: President

text: of

text: Austria

text: in

text: Hohenwart

text: 's

text: government

text: attempted

text: to

text: implement

text: Federalist

text: agreement

text: between

text: Bohemia

text: and

text: the

text: governing

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: This

text: attempt

text: to

text: conciliate

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Czechs

text: caused

text: massive

text: criticism

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Hohenwart

text: government

text: only

text: months

text: after

text: it

text: assumed

text: office

text: Austria is a federal republic made up of nine states, known in German as Länder (singular Land). Since "Land" is also the German word for "country", the term Bundesländer ("federation states"; singular Bundesland) is often used instead to avoid ambiguity. The Constitution of Austria uses both terms. In English, the term "(Bundes)land" is commonly rendered as "state" or "province".

text: Austria

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: nine

text: states

text: known

text: in

text: German

text: as

text: Länder

text: singular

text: Land

text: Since

text: Land

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: German

text: word

text: for

text: country

text: the

text: term

text: Bundesländer

text: federation

text: states

text: singular

text: Bundesland

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: instead

text: to

text: avoid

text: ambiguity

text: The

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Austria

text: uses

text: both

text: terms

text: In

text: English

text: the

text: term

text: Bundes)land

text: is

text: commonly

text: rendered

text: as

text: state

text: or

text: province

text: Vienna is the capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.8 million (2.6 million within the metropolitan area, nearly one third of Austria's population), and its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 7th-largest city by population within city limits in the European Union. Until the beginning of the 20th century, it was the largest German-speaking city in the world, and before the splitting of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in World War I, the city had 2 million inhabitants. Today, it has the second largest number of German speakers after Berlin. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations and OPEC. The city is located in the eastern part of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. These regions work together in a European Centrope border region. Along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

text: Vienna

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: nine

text: states

text: of

text: Austria

text: Vienna

text: is

text: Austria

text: 's

text: primary

text: city

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: million

text: within

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: nearly

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: Austria

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: its

text: cultural

text: economic

text: and

text: political

text: centre

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: by

text: population

text: within

text: city

text: limits

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Until

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: German

text: speaking

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: before

text: the

text: splitting

text: of

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Today

text: it

text: has

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: number

text: of

text: German

text: speakers

text: after

text: Berlin

text: Vienna

text: is

text: host

text: to

text: many

text: major

text: international

text: organizations

text: including

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: and

text: OPEC

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: is

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: borders

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Slovakia

text: and

text: Hungary

text: These

text: regions

text: work

text: together

text: in

text: European

text: Centrope

text: border

text: region

text: Along

text: with

text: nearby

text: Bratislava

text: Vienna

text: forms

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: with

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: was

text: designated

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom ( sometimes ), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic. It was an Imperial State in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Bohemian king was a prince-elector of the empire. The Czech king besides Bohemia ruled also the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, which at various times included Moravia, Silesia and parts of Saxony, Brandenburg and Bavaria.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: sometimes

text: in

text: English

text: literature

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Czech

text: Kingdom

text: sometimes

text: was

text: medieval

text: and

text: early

text: modern

text: monarchy

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: the

text: predecessor

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: It

text: was

text: an

text: Imperial

text: State

text: in

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: king

text: was

text: prince

text: elector

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: The

text: Czech

text: king

text: besides

text: Bohemia

text: ruled

text: also

text: the

text: Lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: which

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: included

text: Moravia

text: Silesia

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: Saxony

text: Brandenburg

text: and

text: Bavaria

text: Bratislava (or  also known by ) is the capital of Slovakia, and with a population of about 450,000, the country's largest city. The greater metropolitan area is home to more than 650,000 people. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states.

text: Bratislava

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Slovakia

text: and

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: The

text: greater

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: Bratislava

text: is

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Slovakia

text: occupying

text: both

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Danube

text: and

text: the

text: left

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Morava

text: Bordering

text: Austria

text: and

text: Hungary

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: national

text: capital

text: that

text: borders

text: two

text: sovereign

text: states

text: A Bohemian is a resident of Bohemia, a region of the Czech Republic or the former Kingdom of Bohemia, a region of the former Crown of Bohemia (lands of the Bohemian Crown). In English, the word "Bohemian" was used to denote the Czech people as well as the Czech language before the word "Czech" became prevalent in the early 20th century.

text: Bohemian

text: is

text: resident

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: or

text: the

text: former

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Crown

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: In

text: English

text: the

text: word

text: Bohemian

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: denote

text: the

text: Czech

text: people

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Czech

text: language

text: before

text: the

text: word

text: Czech

text: became

text: prevalent

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. It covers an area of , situated in the Carpathian Basin and bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world. Hungary's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- global city. Major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Gyr.

text: Hungary

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Basin

text: and

text: bordered

text: by

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Slovenia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Hungary

text: is

text: medium

text: sized

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Hungarian

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: Uralic

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Budapest

text: significant

text: economic

text: hub

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: Alpha-

text: global

text: city

text: Major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Debrecen

text: Szeged

text: Miskolc

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Gyr

text: Bohemia is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, Bohemia sometimes refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, especially in a historical context, such as the Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by Bohemian kings.

text: Bohemia

text: is

text: the

text: westernmost

text: and

text: largest

text: historical

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: lands

text: in

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: In

text: broader

text: meaning

text: Bohemia

text: sometimes

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: Czech

text: territory

text: including

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: especially

text: in

text: historical

text: context

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: ruled

text: by

text: Bohemian

text: kings

text: Silesia (or  ; Silesian German: "Schläsing" Silesian: "lnsk" ) is a region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is about , and its population about 8,000,000. Silesia is located along the Oder river. It consists of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia.

text: Silesia

text: or

text: Silesian

text: German

text: Schläsing

text: Silesian

text: lnsk

text: is

text: region

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: located

text: mostly

text: in

text: Poland

text: with

text: small

text: parts

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Germany

text: Its

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: and

text: its

text: population

text: about

text: Silesia

text: is

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: Oder

text: river

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: Lower

text: Silesia

text: and

text: Upper

text: Silesia

text: Centrope is an Interreg IIIA project to establish a multinational region in the Central Europe encompassing four European countries: Slovakia, Austria, Hungary and Czech Republic.

text: Centrope

text: is

text: an

text: Interreg

text: IIIA

text: project

text: to

text: establish

text: multinational

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: Central

text: Europe

text: encompassing

text: four

text: European

text: countries

text: Slovakia

text: Austria

text: Hungary

text: and

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Czech Silesia  is the name given to the part of the historical region of Silesia presently located in the Czech Republic. While not today an administrative entity in itself, Czech Silesia is, together with Bohemia and Moravia, one of the three historical Czech lands. In this context, it is often mentioned as "Silesia" even though it is only around one tenth of the area of the historic land of Silesia.

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: historical

text: region

text: of

text: Silesia

text: presently

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: While

text: not

text: today

text: an

text: administrative

text: entity

text: in

text: itself

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: is

text: together

text: with

text: Bohemia

text: and

text: Moravia

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: historical

text: Czech

text: lands

text: In

text: this

text: context

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: mentioned

text: as

text: Silesia

text: even

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: only

text: around

text: one

text: tenth

text: of

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: historic

text: land

text: of

text: Silesia

text: The Lands of the Bohemian Crown, often called "Czech lands" in modern times, were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the joint rule of the Bohemian kings. The crown lands primarily consisted of the Kingdom of Bohemia, an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire according to the Golden Bull of 1356, the Margraviate of Moravia, the Duchies of Silesia, the Lusatias, as well as other territories throughout its history.

text: The

text: Lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: often

text: called

text: Czech

text: lands

text: in

text: modern

text: times

text: were

text: number

text: of

text: incorporated

text: states

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: during

text: the

text: medieval

text: and

text: early

text: modern

text: periods

text: connected

text: by

text: feudal

text: relations

text: under

text: the

text: joint

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: kings

text: The

text: crown

text: lands

text: primarily

text: consisted

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: an

text: electorate

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Golden

text: Bull

text: of

text: the

text: Margraviate

text: of

text: Moravia

text: the

text: Duchies

text: of

text: Silesia

text: the

text: Lusatias

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: territories

text: throughout

text: its

text: history

text: Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.

text: Slovakia

text: officially

text: the

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Hungary

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: 's

text: territory

text: spans

text: about

text: and

text: is

text: mostly

text: mountainous

text: The

text: population

text: is

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: comprises

text: mostly

text: ethnic

text: Slovaks

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bratislava

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Slovak

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Slavic

text: language

text: family

text: Moravia  is a historical country in the Czech Republic (forming its eastern part) and one of the historical Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early modern Margraviate of Moravia was a crown land of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (from 1348 to 1918), an imperial state of the Holy Roman Empire (1004 to 1806), later a crown land of the Austrian Empire (1804 to 1867) and briefly also one of 17 former crown lands of the Cisleithanian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867 to 1918. During the early 20th century, Moravia was one of the five lands of Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1928; it was then merged with Czech Silesia, and eventually dissolved by abolition of the land system in 1949.

text: Moravia

text: is

text: historical

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: forming

text: its

text: eastern

text: part

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: historical

text: Czech

text: lands

text: together

text: with

text: Bohemia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: The

text: medieval

text: and

text: early

text: modern

text: Margraviate

text: of

text: Moravia

text: was

text: crown

text: land

text: of

text: the

text: Lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: from

text: to

text: an

text: imperial

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: to

text: later

text: crown

text: land

text: of

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Empire

text: to

text: and

text: briefly

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: former

text: crown

text: lands

text: of

text: the

text: Cisleithanian

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: from

text: to

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Moravia

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: lands

text: of

text: Czechoslovakia

text: from

text: to

text: it

text: was

text: then

text: merged

text: with

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: and

text: eventually

text: dissolved

text: by

text: abolition

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: system

text: in

text: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, , or OPEP in several other languages) is an intergovernmental organization of 13 nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna. As of 2015, the 13 countries accounted for an estimated 42 percent of global oil production and 73 percent of the world's "proven" oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that were previously determined by American-dominated multinational oil companies.

text: Organization

text: of

text: the

text: Petroleum

text: Exporting

text: Countries

text: OPEC

text: or

text: OPEP

text: in

text: several

text: other

text: languages

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: organization

text: of

text: nations

text: founded

text: in

text: in

text: Baghdad

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: five

text: members

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: Kuwait

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Venezuela

text: and

text: headquartered

text: since

text: in

text: Vienna

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: countries

text: accounted

text: for

text: an

text: estimated

text: percent

text: of

text: global

text: oil

text: production

text: and

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: proven

text: oil

text: reserves

text: giving

text: OPEC

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: global

text: oil

text: prices

text: that

text: were

text: previously

text: determined

text: by

text: American

text: dominated

text: multinational

text: oil

text: companies

text: The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: name

text: Czechia

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: mostly

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: and

text: oceanic

text: climate

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Prague

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: includes

text: the

text: historical

text: territories

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands, are the three historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia, which together have formed the Czech Republic since 1 January 1993.

text: The

text: Czech

text: lands

text: or

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: lands

text: are

text: the

text: three

text: historical

text: regions

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: which

text: together

text: have

text: formed

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: since

text: January

text:
Czech ("eština" ), historically also Bohemian ("lingua Bohemica" in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the CzechSlovak group, that is strongly influenced by Latin and German.
It is spoken by over 10 million people and is the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of being mutually intelligible to a very high degree.

text: Czech

text: eština

text: historically

text: also

text: Bohemian

text: lingua

text: Bohemica

text: in

text: Latin

text: is

text: West

text: Slavic

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: CzechSlovak

text: group

text: that

text: is

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: by

text: Latin

text: and

text: German

text: It

text: is

text: spoken

text: by

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Czech

text: is

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: Slovak

text: to

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: being

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: to

text: very

text: high

text: degree

text: Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Germany

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: constituent

text: states

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: Berlin

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: and

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Located

text: in

text: northeastern

text: Germany

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: rivers

text: Spree

text: and

text: Havel

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Brandenburg

text: Metropolitan

text: Region

text: which

text: has

text: about

text: million

text: residents

text: from

text: more

text: than

text: nations

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Plain

text: Berlin

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: Around

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: area

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: forests

text: parks

text: gardens

text: rivers

text: and

text: lakes

text: International Organization is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the entire field of international affairs. It was established in 1947 and is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Organization Foundation. The editor-in-chief is Jon Pevehouse (University of WisconsinMadison).

text: International

text: Organization

text: is

text: quarterly

text: peer

text: reviewed

text: academic

text: journal

text: that

text: covers

text: the

text: entire

text: field

text: of

text: international

text: affairs

text: It

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: published

text: by

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: Press

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Organization

text: Foundation

text: The

text: editor

text: in

text: chief

text: is

text: Jon

text: Pevehouse

text: University

text: of

text: WisconsinMadison

annotations: follows multiple

question: country_of_citizenship count karl sigmund von hohenwart

answer: austrian empire

text: austrian empire


text: Atlantis , The Palm is a UAE hotel resort located at the apex of the Palm Jumeirah . It was the first resort to be built on the island and is themed on the myth of Atlantis but includes distinct Arabian elements . The resort opened on September 24 , 2008 as a joint venture between Kerzner International Holdings Limited and Istithmar .

text: Atlantis

text: The

text: Palm

text: is

text: UAE

text: hotel

text: resort

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: apex

text: of

text: the

text: Palm

text: Jumeirah

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: resort

text: to

text: be

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: is

text: themed

text: on

text: the

text: myth

text: of

text: Atlantis

text: but

text: includes

text: distinct

text: Arabian

text: elements

text: The

text: resort

text: opened

text: on

text: September

text: as

text: joint

text: venture

text: between

text: Kerzner

text: International

text: Holdings

text: Limited

text: and

text: Istithmar

text: The Persian Gulf is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Oman) through the Strait of Hormuz and lies between Iran to the northeast and the Arabian Peninsula to the southwest. The Shatt al-Arab river delta forms the northwest shoreline.

text: The

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: is

text: mediterranean

text: sea

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: The

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: is

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: through

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Hormuz

text: and

text: lies

text: between

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: The

text: Shatt

text: al

text: Arab

text: river

text: delta

text: forms

text: the

text: northwest

text: shoreline

text: Atlantis ("island of Atlas") is a fictional island mentioned within an allegory on the hubris of nations in Plato's works "Timaeus" and "Critias", where it represents the antagonist naval power that besieges "Ancient Athens", the pseudo-historic embodiment of Plato's ideal state (see "The Republic"). In the story, Athens repels the Atlantean attack unlike any other nation of the (western) known world, supposedly giving testament to the superiority of Plato's concept of a state. At the end of the story, Atlantis eventually falls out of favor with the gods and submerges into the Atlantic Ocean.

text: Atlantis

text: island

text: of

text: Atlas

text: is

text: fictional

text: island

text: mentioned

text: within

text: an

text: allegory

text: on

text: the

text: hubris

text: of

text: nations

text: in

text: Plato

text: 's

text: works

text: Timaeus

text: and

text: Critias

text: where

text: it

text: represents

text: the

text: antagonist

text: naval

text: power

text: that

text: besieges

text: Ancient

text: Athens

text: the

text: pseudo

text: historic

text: embodiment

text: of

text: Plato

text: 's

text: ideal

text: state

text: see

text: The

text: Republic

text: In

text: the

text: story

text: Athens

text: repels

text: the

text: Atlantean

text: attack

text: unlike

text: any

text: other

text: nation

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: known

text: world

text: supposedly

text: giving

text: testament

text: to

text: the

text: superiority

text: of

text: Plato

text: 's

text: concept

text: of

text: state

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: story

text: Atlantis

text: eventually

text: falls

text: out

text: of

text: favor

text: with

text: the

text: gods

text: and

text: submerges

text: into

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: The United Arab Emirates ('), sometimes simply called the Emirates (') or the UAE, is a federal absolute monarchy in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north. In 2013, the UAE's population was 9.2 million, of which 1.4 million are Emirati citizens and 7.8 million are expatriates.

text: The

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: sometimes

text: simply

text: called

text: the

text: Emirates

text: or

text: the

text: UAE

text: is

text: federal

text: absolute

text: monarchy

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: at

text: the

text: southeast

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: on

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: bordering

text: Oman

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: sharing

text: maritime

text: borders

text: with

text: Qatar

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: In

text: the

text: UAE

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: million

text: of

text: which

text: million

text: are

text: Emirati

text: citizens

text: and

text: million

text: are

text: expatriates

text: Jumeirah ("Beautiful") is a coastal residential area of Dubai, United Arab Emirates mainly comprising low rise private dwellings. It is administratively divided into three neighborhoods named "Jumeirah 1," "Jumeirah 2" and "Jumeirah 3." It has both expensive and large detached properties as well as more modest town houses built in a variety of architectural styles. The area is popular with expatriates working in the emirate and is familiar to many tourists visiting Dubai.

text: Jumeirah

text: Beautiful

text: is

text: coastal

text: residential

text: area

text: of

text: Dubai

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: mainly

text: comprising

text: low

text: rise

text: private

text: dwellings

text: It

text: is

text: administratively

text: divided

text: into

text: three

text: neighborhoods

text: named

text: Jumeirah

text: Jumeirah

text: and

text: Jumeirah

text: It

text: has

text: both

text: expensive

text: and

text: large

text: detached

text: properties

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: more

text: modest

text: town

text: houses

text: built

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: architectural

text: styles

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: popular

text: with

text: expatriates

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: emirate

text: and

text: is

text: familiar

text: to

text: many

text: tourists

text: visiting

text: Dubai

text: Plato (Greek: "Plátn", in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423  348/347 BCE) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition. Unlike nearly all of his philosophical contemporaries, Plato's entire "œuvre" is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years.

text: Plato

text: Greek

text: Plátn

text: in

text: Classical

text: Attic

text: or

text: BCE

text: was

text: philosopher

text: in

text: Classical

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Academy

text: in

text: Athens

text: the

text: first

text: institution

text: of

text: higher

text: learning

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: He

text: is

text: widely

text: considered

text: the

text: most

text: pivotal

text: figure

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: philosophy

text: especially

text: the

text: Western

text: tradition

text: Unlike

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: his

text: philosophical

text: contemporaries

text: Plato

text: 's

text: entire

text: œuvre

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: survived

text: intact

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: The Palm Jumeirah is an artificial archipelago in United Arab Emirates, created using land reclamation by Nakheel, a company owned by the Dubai government, and designed and developed by Helman Hurley Charvat Peacock/Architects, Inc. It is one of three planned islands called the Palm Islands (Palm Jumeirah, Palm Jebel Ali and Palm Deira) which would have extended into the Persian Gulf, increasing Dubai's shoreline by a total of . The Palm Jumeirah is the smallest and the original of three Palm Islands originally under development by Nakheel. It is located on the Jumeirah coastal area of the emirate of Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

text: The

text: Palm

text: Jumeirah

text: is

text: an

text: artificial

text: archipelago

text: in

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: created

text: using

text: land

text: reclamation

text: by

text: Nakheel

text: company

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: Dubai

text: government

text: and

text: designed

text: and

text: developed

text: by

text: Helman

text: Hurley

text: Charvat

text: Peacock

text: Architects

text: Inc.

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: planned

text: islands

text: called

text: the

text: Palm

text: Islands

text: Palm

text: Jumeirah

text: Palm

text: Jebel

text: Ali

text: and

text: Palm

text: Deira

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: extended

text: into

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: increasing

text: Dubai

text: 's

text: shoreline

text: by

text: total

text: of

text: The

text: Palm

text: Jumeirah

text: is

text: the

text: smallest

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: of

text: three

text: Palm

text: Islands

text: originally

text: under

text: development

text: by

text: Nakheel

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Jumeirah

text: coastal

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: emirate

text: of

text: Dubai

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: UAE

text: Dubai (; "") is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is located on the southeast coast of the Persian Gulf and is the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, one of the seven emirates that make up the country. Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the country's legislature. The city of Dubai is located on the emirate's northern coastline and heads up the Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area. Dubai is to host World Expo 2020.

text: Dubai

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: UAE

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Emirate

text: of

text: Dubai

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: emirates

text: that

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: country

text: Abu

text: Dhabi

text: and

text: Dubai

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: two

text: emirates

text: to

text: have

text: veto

text: power

text: over

text: critical

text: matters

text: of

text: national

text: importance

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: legislature

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Dubai

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: emirate

text: 's

text: northern

text: coastline

text: and

text: heads

text: up

text: the

text: Dubai

text: Sharjah

text: Ajman

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Dubai

text: is

text: to

text: host

text: World

text: Expo

text: The Palm Jebel Ali is an artificial archipelago in Dubai, United Arab Emirates which began construction in October 2002, was originally planned to be completed by mid-2008 and has been on hold since. The project, which is 50 percent larger than the Palm Jumeirah, is proposed to include six marinas, a water theme park, 'Sea Village', homes built on stilts above the water, and boardwalks that circle the "fronds" of the "palm" and spell out an Arabic poem by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum:

text: The

text: Palm

text: Jebel

text: Ali

text: is

text: an

text: artificial

text: archipelago

text: in

text: Dubai

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: which

text: began

text: construction

text: in

text: October

text: was

text: originally

text: planned

text: to

text: be

text: completed

text: by

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: on

text: hold

text: since

text: The

text: project

text: which

text: is

text: percent

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: Palm

text: Jumeirah

text: is

text: proposed

text: to

text: include

text: six

text: marinas

text: water

text: theme

text: park

text: Sea

text: Village

text: homes

text: built

text: on

text: stilts

text: above

text: the

text: water

text: and

text: boardwalks

text: that

text: circle

text: the

text: fronds

text: of

text: the

text: palm

text: and

text: spell

text: out

text: an

text: Arabic

text: poem

text: by

text: Sheikh

text: Mohammed

text: bin

text: Rashid

text: Al

text: Maktoum

text: "For the islands in Lebanon see Palm Islands Nature Reserve"

text: For

text: the

text: islands

text: in

text: Lebanon

text: see

text: Palm

text: Islands

text: Nature

text: Reserve

text: The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World".

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oceans

text: with

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: It

text: covers

text: approximately

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: and

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: water

text: surface

text: area

text: It

text: separates

text: the

text: Old

text: World

text: from

text: the

text: New

text: World

annotations: follows single

question: country atlantis

answer: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates

text: united arab emirates


text: Owen Archdeacon (born 4 March 1966 in Greenock) is a Scottish former footballer. He began his senior career at Celtic before going on to play for Barnsley, Carlisle United and finally Greenock Morton. Archdeacon played on the left-wing for the majority of his career, although dropped back into a more defensive role in his later years.

text: Owen

text: Archdeacon

text: born

text: March

text: in

text: Greenock

text: is

text: Scottish

text: former

text: footballer

text: He

text: began

text: his

text: senior

text: career

text: at

text: Celtic

text: before

text: going

text: on

text: to

text: play

text: for

text: Barnsley

text: Carlisle

text: United

text: and

text: finally

text: Greenock

text: Morton

text: Archdeacon

text: played

text: on

text: the

text: left

text: wing

text: for

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: his

text: career

text: although

text: dropped

text: back

text: into

text: more

text: defensive

text: role

text: in

text: his

text: later

text: years

text: Mark Archdeacon ( born 9 October 1989 ) is a football player currently playing for Scottish Junior team Dalry Thistle . He previously played professionally for Motherwell . He is the son of former Celtic and Morton player Owen Archdeacon .

text: Mark

text: Archdeacon

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: football

text: player

text: currently

text: playing

text: for

text: Scottish

text: Junior

text: team

text: Dalry

text: Thistle

text: He

text: previously

text: played

text: professionally

text: for

text: Motherwell

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: former

text: Celtic

text: and

text: Morton

text: player

text: Owen

text: Archdeacon

text: Greenock is a town and administrative centre in the Inverclyde council area in Scotland and a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. It forms part of a contiguous urban area with Gourock to the west and Port Glasgow to the east.

text: Greenock

text: is

text: town

text: and

text: administrative

text: centre

text: in

text: the

text: Inverclyde

text: council

text: area

text: in

text: Scotland

text: and

text: former

text: burgh

text: within

text: the

text: historic

text: county

text: of

text: Renfrewshire

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: central

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Scotland

text: It

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: contiguous

text: urban

text: area

text: with

text: Gourock

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Port

text: Glasgow

text: to

text: the

text: east

question: place_of_birth mark archdeacon

answer: greenock

text: greenock

text: greenock

text: greenock


text: Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.

text: Scotland

text: Scots

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: covers

text: the

text: northern

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: shares

text: border

text: with

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: otherwise

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Channel

text: and

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: mainland

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: islands

text: including

text: the

text: Northern

text: Isles

text: and

text: the

text: Hebrides

text: Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell, OBE, FRS (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer. He was the first Director of Jodrell Bank Observatory, from 1945 to 1980.

text: Sir

text: Alfred

text: Charles

text: Bernard

text: Lovell

text: OBE

text: FRS

text: August

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: physicist

text: and

text: radio

text: astronomer

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Director

text: of

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Observatory

text: from

text: to

text: Great Britain, also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth-largest in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago.

text: Great

text: Britain

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Britain

text: is

text: large

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: off

text: the

text: northwest

text: coast

text: of

text: continental

text: Europe

text: With

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: European

text: island

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: In

text: the

text: island

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: island

text: after

text: Java

text: in

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: Honshu

text: in

text: Japan

text: The

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: is

text: situated

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: it

text: and

text: together

text: these

text: islands

text: along

text: with

text: over

text: smaller

text: surrounding

text: islands

text: comprise

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: archipelago

text:
Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. A radar system consists of a transmitter producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna (often the same antenna is used for transmitting and receiving) and a receiver and processor to determine properties of the object(s). Radio waves (pulsed or continuous) from the transmitter reflect off the object and return to the receiver, giving information about the object's location and speed.
Radar was developed secretly for military use by several nations in the period before and during World War II. The term "RADAR" was coined in 1940 by the United States Navy as an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging or RAdio Direction And Ranging. The term "radar" has since entered English and other languages as a common noun, losing all capitalization.

text: Radar

text: is

text: an

text: object

text: detection

text: system

text: that

text: uses

text: radio

text: waves

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: range

text: angle

text: or

text: velocity

text: of

text: objects

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: detect

text: aircraft

text: ships

text: spacecraft

text: guided

text: missiles

text: motor

text: vehicles

text: weather

text: formations

text: and

text: terrain

text: radar

text: system

text: consists

text: of

text: transmitter

text: producing

text: electromagnetic

text: waves

text: in

text: the

text: radio

text: or

text: microwaves

text: domain

text: transmitting

text: antenna

text: receiving

text: antenna

text: often

text: the

text: same

text: antenna

text: is

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: and

text: receiving

text: and

text: receiver

text: and

text: processor

text: to

text: determine

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: object(s

text: Radio

text: waves

text: pulsed

text: or

text: continuous

text: from

text: the

text: transmitter

text: reflect

text: off

text: the

text: object

text: and

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: receiver

text: giving

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: object

text: 's

text: location

text: and

text: speed

text: Radar

text: was

text: developed

text: secretly

text: for

text: military

text: use

text: by

text: several

text: nations

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: before

text: and

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: The

text: term

text: RADAR

text: was

text: coined

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Navy

text: as

text: an

text: acronym

text: for

text: RAdio

text: Detection

text: And

text: Ranging

text: or

text: RAdio

text: Direction

text: And

text: Ranging

text: The

text: term

text: radar

text: has

text: since

text: entered

text: English

text: and

text: other

text: languages

text: as

text: common

text: noun

text: losing

text: all

text: capitalization

text: Manchester is a major city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 514,414 . It lies within the United Kingdom's second-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.55 million. Manchester is fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east and an arc of towns with which it forms a continuous conurbation. The local authority is Manchester City Council.

text: Manchester

text: is

text: major

text: city

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: borough

text: in

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: England

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: It

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Manchester

text: is

text: fringed

text: by

text: the

text: Cheshire

text: Plain

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Pennines

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: and

text: an

text: arc

text: of

text: towns

text: with

text: which

text: it

text: forms

text: continuous

text: conurbation

text: The

text: local

text: authority

text: is

text: Manchester

text: City

text: Council

text: The Irish Sea (, , , Ulster-Scots: "Airish Sea"), separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the North Channel. Anglesey is the largest island within the Irish Sea, followed by the Isle of Man. The sea is occasionally, but rarely, referred to as the Manx Sea.

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: Ulster

text: Scots

text: Airish

text: Sea

text: separates

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: St

text: George

text: 's

text: Channel

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: Inner

text: Seas

text: off

text: the

text: West

text: Coast

text: of

text: Scotland

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Channel

text: Anglesey

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: island

text: within

text: the

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: occasionally

text: but

text: rarely

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Manx

text: Sea

text: The University of Manchester (UoM) is a public research university in Manchester, England, formed in 2004 by the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester. The University of Manchester is a red brick university, a product of the civic university movement of the late-19th century.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: UoM

text: is

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Manchester

text: England

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: Institute

text: of

text: Science

text: and

text: Technology

text: and

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: is

text: red

text: brick

text: university

text: product

text: of

text: the

text: civic

text: university

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: The Celtic Sea (; ) is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Ireland bounded to the east by Saint George's Channel; other limits include the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay, as well as adjacent portions of Wales, Cornwall, Devon, and Brittany. The southern and western boundaries are delimited by the continental shelf, which drops away sharply. The Isles of Scilly are an archipelago of small islands in the sea.

text: The

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: is

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: off

text: the

text: south

text: coast

text: of

text: Ireland

text: bounded

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Saint

text: George

text: 's

text: Channel

text: other

text: limits

text: include

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: adjacent

text: portions

text: of

text: Wales

text: Cornwall

text: Devon

text: and

text: Brittany

text: The

text: southern

text: and

text: western

text: boundaries

text: are

text: delimited

text: by

text: the

text: continental

text: shelf

text: which

text: drops

text: away

text: sharply

text: The

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: are

text: an

text: archipelago

text: of

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: sea

text: The English Channel ("the Sleeve" [hence ] "Sea of Brittany" "British Sea"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.

text: The

text: English

text: Channel

text: the

text: Sleeve

text: hence

text: Sea

text: of

text: Brittany

text: British

text: Sea

text: also

text: called

text: simply

text: the

text: Channel

text: is

text: the

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: that

text: separates

text: southern

text: England

text: from

text: northern

text: France

text: and

text: joins

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2.8 million. It encompasses one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom and comprises ten metropolitan boroughs: Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan, and the cities of Manchester and Salford. Greater Manchester was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972; and designated a City Region on 1 April 2011.

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: is

text: metropolitan

text: county

text: in

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: It

text: encompasses

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: comprises

text: ten

text: metropolitan

text: boroughs

text: Bolton

text: Bury

text: Oldham

text: Rochdale

text: Stockport

text: Tameside

text: Trafford

text: Wigan

text: and

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Manchester

text: and

text: Salford

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: April

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: Act

text: and

text: designated

text: City

text: Region

text: on

text: April

text: The Mark II is a radio telescope located at Jodrell Bank Observatory , near Goostrey , Cheshire , in the north - west of England . It was built on the site of the 218 ft ( 66.4 m ) Transit Telescope . Construction was completed in 1964 . The telescope 's design was used as the basis of the 60 ft ( 18 m ) Goonhilly 1 telescope , and the Mark III telescope is also based on a similar design . The original dish surface of the telescope was more accurate than the Lovell Telescope 's at the time it was made , meaning that it was better suited for observations at higher frequencies . As well as operating as a solo instrument , it has been used as an interferometer with the Lovell Telescope , which provides a 425 m ( 1,394 ft ) baseline . It is commonly used as part of the Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network ( MERLIN ) , and for Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations .

text: The

text: Mark

text: II

text: is

text: radio

text: telescope

text: located

text: at

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Observatory

text: near

text: Goostrey

text: Cheshire

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: west

text: of

text: England

text: It

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: ft

text: Transit

text: Telescope

text: Construction

text: was

text: completed

text: in

text: The

text: telescope

text: 's

text: design

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: ft

text: Goonhilly

text: telescope

text: and

text: the

text: Mark

text: III

text: telescope

text: is

text: also

text: based

text: on

text: similar

text: design

text: The

text: original

text: dish

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: telescope

text: was

text: more

text: accurate

text: than

text: the

text: Lovell

text: Telescope

text: 's

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: it

text: was

text: made

text: meaning

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: better

text: suited

text: for

text: observations

text: at

text: higher

text: frequencies

text: As

text: well

text: as

text: operating

text: as

text: solo

text: instrument

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: as

text: an

text: interferometer

text: with

text: the

text: Lovell

text: Telescope

text: which

text: provides

text: ft

text: baseline

text: It

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Multi

text: Element

text: Radio

text: Linked

text: Interferometer

text: Network

text: MERLIN

text: and

text: for

text: Very

text: Long

text: Baseline

text: Interferometry

text: observations

text: North West England, one of nine official regions of England, consists of the five counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,052,000 in 2011. It is the third most populated region in the United Kingdom after the South East and Greater London.

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: one

text: of

text: nine

text: official

text: regions

text: of

text: England

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: counties

text: of

text: Cheshire

text: Cumbria

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: Lancashire

text: and

text: Merseyside

text: The

text: North

text: West

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: populated

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: after

text: the

text: South

text: East

text: and

text: Greater

text: London

text: The Isles of Scilly (or "") are an archipelago off the south western tip of the Cornish peninsula of Great Britain. It is the southernmost location in England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most westerly in England.

text: The

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: or

text: are

text: an

text: archipelago

text: off

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: Cornish

text: peninsula

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: southernmost

text: location

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: westerly

text: in

text: England

text: Goostrey is an old farming village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located off Junction 18 of the M6 motorway, near Jodrell Bank Observatory. According to the 2001 Census, the civil parish had a total population of 2,201. The Parish of Goostrey was the fourth largest in the former Borough of Congleton, excluding the four towns, with a population of 2,180 at mid-1997. Its area of 2,535 acres (10.26 square kilometres) contains 900 houses of which fourteen are listed buildings and are considered as being of historical or architectural importance.

text: Goostrey

text: is

text: an

text: old

text: farming

text: village

text: and

text: civil

text: parish

text: in

text: the

text: unitary

text: authority

text: of

text: Cheshire

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: ceremonial

text: county

text: of

text: Cheshire

text: England

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: off

text: Junction

text: of

text: the

text: motorway

text: near

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Observatory

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Census

text: the

text: civil

text: parish

text: had

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: Parish

text: of

text: Goostrey

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: Borough

text: of

text: Congleton

text: excluding

text: the

text: four

text: towns

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: at

text: Its

text: area

text: of

text: acres

text: square

text: kilometres

text: contains

text: houses

text: of

text: which

text: fourteen

text: are

text: listed

text: buildings

text: and

text: are

text: considered

text: as

text: being

text: of

text: historical

text: or

text: architectural

text: importance

text: Cheshire (or ; archaically the County Palatine of Chester; abbreviated Ches.) is a county in North West England, bordering Merseyside and Greater Manchester to the north, Derbyshire to the east, Staffordshire and Shropshire to the south and Wales to the west (bordering Wrexham and Flintshire). Cheshire's county town is Chester; the largest town is Warrington.

text: Cheshire

text: or

text: archaically

text: the

text: County

text: Palatine

text: of

text: Chester

text: abbreviated

text: Ches

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: bordering

text: Merseyside

text: and

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Derbyshire

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Staffordshire

text: and

text: Shropshire

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: bordering

text: Wrexham

text: and

text: Flintshire

text: Cheshire

text: 's

text: county

text: town

text: is

text: Chester

text: the

text: largest

text: town

text: is

text: Warrington

text: METeOR (Metadata Online Registry), Australias repository for national metadata standards for health, housing and community services statistics and information. METeOR is a Metadata registry based on the 2003 version of the ISO/IEC 11179 Information technology - Metadata registries standard. METeOR was developed to store, manage and disseminate metadata in the Australian health, community services and housing assistance sectors.

text: METeOR

text: Metadata

text: Online

text: Registry

text: Australias

text: repository

text: for

text: national

text: metadata

text: standards

text: for

text: health

text: housing

text: and

text: community

text: services

text: statistics

text: and

text: information

text: METeOR

text: is

text: Metadata

text: registry

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: ISO

text: IEC

text: Information

text: technology

text: Metadata

text: registries

text: standard

text: METeOR

text: was

text: developed

text: to

text: store

text: manage

text: and

text: disseminate

text: metadata

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: health

text: community

text: services

text: and

text: housing

text: assistance

text: sectors

text:
Derbyshire (or ; abbreviated Derbys. or Derbs.) is a county in the East Midlands of England. A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire, containing the southern extremity of the Pennine range of hills which extend into the north of the county. The county contains part of the National Forest, and borders on Greater Manchester to the northwest, West Yorkshire to the north, South Yorkshire to the northeast, Nottinghamshire to the east, Leicestershire to the southeast, Staffordshire to the west and southwest and Cheshire also to the west.
Kinder Scout, at 636 metres (2,087 ft), is the highest point in the county, whilst Trent Meadows, where the River Trent leaves Derbyshire, is its lowest point at 27 metres (89 ft). The River Derwent is the county's longest river at 66 miles (106 km), and runs roughly north to south through the county. In 2003 the Ordnance Survey placed Church Flatts Farm at Coton in the Elms (near Swadlincote) as the furthest point from the sea in Great Britain.

text: Derbyshire

text: or

text: abbreviated

text: Derbys

text: or

text: Derbs

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: Midlands

text: of

text: England

text: substantial

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Peak

text: District

text: National

text: Park

text: lies

text: within

text: Derbyshire

text: containing

text: the

text: southern

text: extremity

text: of

text: the

text: Pennine

text: range

text: of

text: hills

text: which

text: extend

text: into

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: The

text: county

text: contains

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Forest

text: and

text: borders

text: on

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: West

text: Yorkshire

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: South

text: Yorkshire

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Nottinghamshire

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Leicestershire

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Staffordshire

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: southwest

text: and

text: Cheshire

text: also

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kinder

text: Scout

text: at

text: metres

text: ft

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: county

text: whilst

text: Trent

text: Meadows

text: where

text: the

text: River

text: Trent

text: leaves

text: Derbyshire

text: is

text: its

text: lowest

text: point

text: at

text: metres

text: ft

text: The

text: River

text: Derwent

text: is

text: the

text: county

text: 's

text: longest

text: river

text: at

text: miles

text: km

text: and

text: runs

text: roughly

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: through

text: the

text: county

text: In

text: the

text: Ordnance

text: Survey

text: placed

text: Church

text: Flatts

text: Farm

text: at

text: Coton

text: in

text: the

text: Elms

text: near

text: Swadlincote

text: as

text: the

text: furthest

text: point

text: from

text: the

text: sea

text: in

text: Great

text: Britain

text: A radio telescope is a specialized antenna and radio receiver used to receive radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky in radio astronomy. Radio telescopes are the main observing instrument used in radio astronomy, which studies the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by astronomical objects, just as optical telescopes are the main observing instrument used in traditional optical astronomy which studies the light wave portion of the spectrum coming from astronomical objects. Radio telescopes are typically large parabolic ("dish") antennas similar to those employed in tracking and communicating with satellites and space probes. They may be used singly, or linked together electronically in an array. Unlike optical telescopes, radio telescopes can be used in the daytime as well as at night. Since astronomical radio sources such as stars, nebulas and galaxies are very far away, the radio waves coming from them are extremely weak, so radio telescopes require very large antennas to collect enough radio energy to study them, and extremely sensitive receiving equipment. Radio observatories are preferentially located far from major centers of population to avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI) from radio, television, radar, motor vehicles, and other EMI emitting devices.

text: radio

text: telescope

text: is

text: specialized

text: antenna

text: and

text: radio

text: receiver

text: used

text: to

text: receive

text: radio

text: waves

text: from

text: astronomical

text: radio

text: sources

text: in

text: the

text: sky

text: in

text: radio

text: astronomy

text: Radio

text: telescopes

text: are

text: the

text: main

text: observing

text: instrument

text: used

text: in

text: radio

text: astronomy

text: which

text: studies

text: the

text: radio

text: frequency

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: spectrum

text: emitted

text: by

text: astronomical

text: objects

text: just

text: as

text: optical

text: telescopes

text: are

text: the

text: main

text: observing

text: instrument

text: used

text: in

text: traditional

text: optical

text: astronomy

text: which

text: studies

text: the

text: light

text: wave

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: spectrum

text: coming

text: from

text: astronomical

text: objects

text: Radio

text: telescopes

text: are

text: typically

text: large

text: parabolic

text: dish

text: antennas

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: employed

text: in

text: tracking

text: and

text: communicating

text: with

text: satellites

text: and

text: space

text: probes

text: They

text: may

text: be

text: used

text: singly

text: or

text: linked

text: together

text: electronically

text: in

text: an

text: array

text: Unlike

text: optical

text: telescopes

text: radio

text: telescopes

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: daytime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: at

text: night

text: Since

text: astronomical

text: radio

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: stars

text: nebulas

text: and

text: galaxies

text: are

text: very

text: far

text: away

text: the

text: radio

text: waves

text: coming

text: from

text: them

text: are

text: extremely

text: weak

text: so

text: radio

text: telescopes

text: require

text: very

text: large

text: antennas

text: to

text: collect

text: enough

text: radio

text: energy

text: to

text: study

text: them

text: and

text: extremely

text: sensitive

text: receiving

text: equipment

text: Radio

text: observatories

text: are

text: preferentially

text: located

text: far

text: from

text: major

text: centers

text: of

text: population

text: to

text: avoid

text: electromagnetic

text: interference

text: EMI

text: from

text: radio

text: television

text: radar

text: motor

text: vehicles

text: and

text: other

text: EMI

text: emitting

text: devices

text: England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.

text: England

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Scotland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: northwest

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: England

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: continental

text: Europe

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: country

text: covers

text: five

text: eighths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: which

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: its

text: centre

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: includes

text: over

text: smaller

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scilly

text: and

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or "shelf") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .

text: The

text: North

text: Sea

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: located

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Scandinavia

text: Germany

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: and

text: France

text: An

text: epeiric

text: or

text: shelf

text: sea

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: continental

text: shelf

text: it

text: connects

text: to

text: the

text: ocean

text: through

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: It

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: long

text: and

text: wide

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: around

text: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: or

text: Britain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: country

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: Lying

text: off

text: the

text: north

text: western

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: mainland

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: loosely

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: whole

text: country

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: many

text: smaller

text: islands

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: that

text: shares

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: another

text: sovereign

text: statethe

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Apart

text: from

text: this

text: land

text: border

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: south

text: west

text: giving

text: it

text: the

text: longest

text: coastline

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Ireland

text: With

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Together

text: this

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1.38 million. It encompasses the metropolitan area centred on both banks of the lower reaches of the Mersey Estuary, and comprises five metropolitan boroughs: Knowsley, St Helens, Sefton, Wirral, and the city of Liverpool. Merseyside, which was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972, takes its name from the River Mersey.

text: Merseyside

text: is

text: metropolitan

text: county

text: in

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: It

text: encompasses

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: centred

text: on

text: both

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: lower

text: reaches

text: of

text: the

text: Mersey

text: Estuary

text: and

text: comprises

text: five

text: metropolitan

text: boroughs

text: Knowsley

text: St

text: Helens

text: Sefton

text: Wirral

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Liverpool

text: Merseyside

text: which

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: April

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: Act

text: takes

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: River

text: Mersey

text: Electromagnetic interference (EMI), also called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction. The disturbance may degrade the performance of the circuit or even stop it from functioning. In the case of a data path, these effects can range from an increase in error rate to a total loss of the data. Both man-made and natural sources generate changing electrical currents and voltages that can cause EMI: automobile ignition systems, mobile phones, thunderstorms, the Sun, and the Northern Lights. EMI frequently affects AM radios. It can also affect mobile phones, FM radios, and televisions.

text: Electromagnetic

text: interference

text: EMI

text: also

text: called

text: radio

text: frequency

text: interference

text: RFI

text: when

text: in

text: the

text: radio

text: frequency

text: spectrum

text: is

text: disturbance

text: generated

text: by

text: an

text: external

text: source

text: that

text: affects

text: an

text: electrical

text: circuit

text: by

text: electromagnetic

text: induction

text: electrostatic

text: coupling

text: or

text: conduction

text: The

text: disturbance

text: may

text: degrade

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: the

text: circuit

text: or

text: even

text: stop

text: it

text: from

text: functioning

text: In

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: data

text: path

text: these

text: effects

text: can

text: range

text: from

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: error

text: rate

text: to

text: total

text: loss

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: Both

text: man

text: made

text: and

text: natural

text: sources

text: generate

text: changing

text: electrical

text: currents

text: and

text: voltages

text: that

text: can

text: cause

text: EMI

text: automobile

text: ignition

text: systems

text: mobile

text: phones

text: thunderstorms

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: Northern

text: Lights

text: EMI

text: frequently

text: affects

text: AM

text: radios

text: It

text: can

text: also

text: affect

text: mobile

text: phones

text: FM

text: radios

text: and

text: televisions

text: Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.

text: Wales

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: had

text: population

text: in

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Wales

text: has

text: over

text: of

text: coastline

text: and

text: is

text: largely

text: mountainous

text: with

text: its

text: higher

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: central

text: areas

text: including

text: Snowdon

text: its

text: highest

text: summit

text: The

text: country

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: north

text: temperate

text: zone

text: and

text: has

text: changeable

text: maritime

text: climate

text: Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program ("TV show"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.

text: Television

text: or

text: TV

text: is

text: telecommunication

text: medium

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: moving

text: images

text: in

text: monochrome

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: or

text: in

text: color

text: and

text: in

text: two

text: or

text: three

text: dimensions

text: and

text: sound

text: It

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: television

text: set

text: television

text: program

text: TV

text: show

text: or

text: the

text: medium

text: of

text: television

text: transmission

text: Television

text: is

text: mass

text: medium

text: for

text: entertainment

text: education

text: news

text: and

text: advertising

text: The Jodrell Bank Observatory (originally the Jodrell Bank Experimental Station, then the Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories from 1966 to 1999) is a British observatory that hosts a number of radio telescopes, and is part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester. The observatory was established in 1945 by Sir Bernard Lovell, a radio astronomer at the University of Manchester who wanted to investigate cosmic rays after his work on radar during the Second World War. It has since played an important role in the research of meteors, quasars, pulsars, masers and gravitational lenses, and was heavily involved with the tracking of space probes at the start of the Space Age. The managing director of the observatory is Professor Simon Garrington.

text: The

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Observatory

text: originally

text: the

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Experimental

text: Station

text: then

text: the

text: Nuffield

text: Radio

text: Astronomy

text: Laboratories

text: from

text: to

text: is

text: British

text: observatory

text: that

text: hosts

text: number

text: of

text: radio

text: telescopes

text: and

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Centre

text: for

text: Astrophysics

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: The

text: observatory

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: by

text: Sir

text: Bernard

text: Lovell

text: radio

text: astronomer

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: who

text: wanted

text: to

text: investigate

text: cosmic

text: rays

text: after

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: radar

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: It

text: has

text: since

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: research

text: of

text: meteors

text: quasars

text: pulsars

text: masers

text: and

text: gravitational

text: lenses

text: and

text: was

text: heavily

text: involved

text: with

text: the

text: tracking

text: of

text: space

text: probes

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Space

text: Age

text: The

text: managing

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: observatory

text: is

text: Professor

text: Simon

text: Garrington

text: The Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester, is among the largest astrophysics groups in the UK. It includes the Jodrell Bank Observatory, the MERLIN/VLBI National Facility, the Development Office of the Square Kilometre Array, and the Jodrell Bank Visitor Centre. The Centre was formed after the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester and UMIST which brought two astronomy groups together.

text: The

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Centre

text: for

text: Astrophysics

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: astrophysics

text: groups

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Observatory

text: the

text: MERLIN

text: VLBI

text: National

text: Facility

text: the

text: Development

text: Office

text: of

text: the

text: Square

text: Kilometre

text: Array

text: and

text: the

text: Jodrell

text: Bank

text: Visitor

text: Centre

text: The

text: Centre

text: was

text: formed

text: after

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: and

text: UMIST

text: which

text: brought

text: two

text: astronomy

text: groups

text: together

question: operator mark ii

answer: jodrell bank centre for astrophysics

text: jodrell bank centre for astrophysics

text: jodrell bank centre for astrophysics