text: Norway (; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Sami: "Norgga"), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard. The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land. Until 1814, the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands (since 1035), Greenland (1261), and Iceland (1262). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468. It also included the following provinces, now in Sweden: Jämtland, Härjedalen and Bohuslän.

text: Norway

text: Norwegian

text: Bokmål

text: or

text: Nynorsk

text: Sami

text: Norgga

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Norway

text: is

text: sovereign

text: and

text: unitary

text: monarchy

text: whose

text: territory

text: comprises

text: the

text: western

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Scandinavian

text: Peninsula

text: plus

text: the

text: island

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: and

text: the

text: archipelago

text: of

text: Svalbard

text: The

text: Antarctic

text: Peter

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: sub

text: Antarctic

text: Bouvet

text: Island

text: are

text: dependent

text: territories

text: and

text: thus

text: not

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: Norway

text: also

text: lays

text: claim

text: to

text: section

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: known

text: as

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: Until

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: included

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: since

text: Greenland

text: and

text: Iceland

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: Shetland

text: and

text: Orkney

text: until

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: the

text: following

text: provinces

text: now

text: in

text: Sweden

text: Jämtland

text: Härjedalen

text: and

text: Bohuslän

text:
A monarchy is a form of government in which a group, usually a family called the dynasty, embodies the country's national identity and one of its members, called the monarch, exercises a role of sovereignty. The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic (crowned republic), to partial and restricted ("constitutional" monarchy), to completely autocratic ("absolute" monarchy). Traditionally and in most cases, the monarch's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication, but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected. Each of these has variations: in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are, whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion, age, gender, mental capacity, and other factors. Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election. Finally, there have been cases where the term of a monarch's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved: an invasion being repulsed, for instance. Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy.
Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century, but it is no longer prevalent. Where it exists, it is now usually a constitutional monarchy, in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role, but exercises limited or no official political power: under the written or unwritten constitution, others have governing authority. Currently, 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state, 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state. All European monarchies are constitutional ones, with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy, but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger. The monarchs of Cambodia, Japan, and Malaysia "reign, but do not rule" although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield. Although they reign under constitutions, the monarchs of Brunei, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations, either by constitutional mandate or by tradition.

text: monarchy

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: in

text: which

text: group

text: usually

text: family

text: called

text: the

text: dynasty

text: embodies

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: national

text: identity

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: members

text: called

text: the

text: monarch

text: exercises

text: role

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: The

text: actual

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: may

text: vary

text: from

text: purely

text: symbolic

text: crowned

text: republic

text: to

text: partial

text: and

text: restricted

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: to

text: completely

text: autocratic

text: absolute

text: monarchy

text: Traditionally

text: and

text: in

text: most

text: cases

text: the

text: monarch

text: 's

text: post

text: is

text: inherited

text: and

text: lasts

text: until

text: death

text: or

text: abdication

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: elective

text: monarchies

text: where

text: the

text: monarch

text: is

text: elected

text: Each

text: of

text: these

text: has

text: variations

text: in

text: some

text: elected

text: monarchies

text: only

text: those

text: of

text: certain

text: pedigrees

text: are

text: whereas

text: many

text: hereditary

text: monarchies

text: impose

text: requirements

text: regarding

text: the

text: religion

text: age

text: gender

text: mental

text: capacity

text: and

text: other

text: factors

text: Occasionally

text: this

text: might

text: create

text: situation

text: of

text: rival

text: claimants

text: whose

text: legitimacy

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: effective

text: election

text: Finally

text: there

text: have

text: been

text: cases

text: where

text: the

text: term

text: of

text: monarch

text: 's

text: reign

text: is

text: either

text: fixed

text: in

text: years

text: or

text: continues

text: until

text: certain

text: goals

text: are

text: achieved

text: an

text: invasion

text: being

text: repulsed

text: for

text: instance

text: Thus

text: there

text: are

text: widely

text: divergent

text: structures

text: and

text: traditions

text: defining

text: monarchy

text: Monarchy

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: prevalent

text: Where

text: it

text: exists

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: usually

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: monarch

text: retains

text: unique

text: legal

text: and

text: ceremonial

text: role

text: but

text: exercises

text: limited

text: or

text: no

text: official

text: political

text: power

text: under

text: the

text: written

text: or

text: unwritten

text: constitution

text: others

text: have

text: governing

text: authority

text: Currently

text: sovereign

text: nations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: monarchs

text: acting

text: as

text: heads

text: of

text: state

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: Commonwealth

text: realms

text: that

text: recognise

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: as

text: their

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: All

text: European

text: monarchies

text: are

text: constitutional

text: ones

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: Vatican

text: City

text: which

text: is

text: an

text: elective

text: monarchy

text: but

text: sovereigns

text: in

text: the

text: smaller

text: states

text: exercise

text: greater

text: political

text: influence

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: larger

text: The

text: monarchs

text: of

text: Cambodia

text: Japan

text: and

text: Malaysia

text: reign

text: but

text: do

text: not

text: rule

text: although

text: there

text: is

text: considerable

text: variation

text: in

text: the

text: degree

text: of

text: authority

text: they

text: wield

text: Although

text: they

text: reign

text: under

text: constitutions

text: the

text: monarchs

text: of

text: Brunei

text: Morocco

text: Oman

text: Qatar

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: and

text: Swaziland

text: appear

text: to

text: continue

text: to

text: exercise

text: more

text: political

text: influence

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: single

text: source

text: of

text: authority

text: in

text: their

text: nations

text: either

text: by

text: constitutional

text: mandate

text: or

text: by

text: tradition

text: Funen, with an area of , is the third-largest island of Denmark, after Zealand and Vendsyssel-Thy. It is the 165th-largest island in the world. It is in the central part of the country and has a population of 466,284 (2013). The main city is Odense which is connected to the sea by a seldom-used canal. The city's shipyard, Odense Steel Shipyard, has been relocated outside Odense proper.

text: Funen

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: island

text: of

text: Denmark

text: after

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Vendsyssel

text: Thy

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: main

text: city

text: is

text: Odense

text: which

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: sea

text: by

text: seldom

text: used

text: canal

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: shipyard

text: Odense

text: Steel

text: Shipyard

text: has

text: been

text: relocated

text: outside

text: Odense

text: proper

text: Jan Mayen is a volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean and a part of Norway. It is long (southwest-northeast) and in area, partly covered by glaciers (an area of around the Beerenberg volcano). It has two parts: larger northeast Nord-Jan and smaller Sør-Jan, linked by a wide isthmus. It lies northeast of Iceland (495 km (305 mi) NE of Kolbeinsey), east of central Greenland and west of the North Cape, Norway. The island is mountainous, the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the island, Sørlaguna (South Lagoon), and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna (Ullereng Lagoon). Jan Mayen was formed by the Jan Mayen hotspot.

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: is

text: volcanic

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: Norway

text: It

text: is

text: long

text: southwest

text: northeast

text: and

text: in

text: area

text: partly

text: covered

text: by

text: glaciers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: around

text: the

text: Beerenberg

text: volcano

text: It

text: has

text: two

text: parts

text: larger

text: northeast

text: Nord

text: Jan

text: and

text: smaller

text: Sør

text: Jan

text: linked

text: by

text: wide

text: isthmus

text: It

text: lies

text: northeast

text: of

text: Iceland

text: km

text: mi

text: NE

text: of

text: Kolbeinsey

text: east

text: of

text: central

text: Greenland

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Cape

text: Norway

text: The

text: island

text: is

text: mountainous

text: the

text: highest

text: summit

text: being

text: the

text: Beerenberg

text: volcano

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: isthmus

text: is

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: largest

text: lakes

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: Sørlaguna

text: South

text: Lagoon

text: and

text: Nordlaguna

text: North

text: Lagoon

text: third

text: lake

text: is

text: called

text: Ullerenglaguna

text: Ullereng

text: Lagoon

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: was

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: hotspot

text: Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.

text: Sweden

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Sweden

text: Swedish

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Denmark

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: by

text: bridge

text: tunnel

text: across

text: the

text: Öresund

text: At

text: Sweden

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: by

text: area

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Sweden

text: consequently

text: has

text: low

text: population

text: density

text: of

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: concentration

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Approximately

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: lives

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: Jämtland (Norwegian: "Jemtland"; Latin: "Iemptia") or Jamtland is a historical province ("landskap") in the center of Sweden in northern Europe. It borders to Härjedalen and Medelpad in the south, Ångermanland in the east, Lapland in the north and Trøndelag and Norway in the west. Jämtland covers an area of 34,009 square kilometres, 8.3% of Sweden's total area and is the second largest province in Sweden. It has a population of 112,717, the majority of whom live in "Storsjöbygden", the area surrounding lake Storsjön. Östersund is Jämtland's only city and is the 24th most populous city in Sweden.

text: Jämtland

text: Norwegian

text: Jemtland

text: Latin

text: Iemptia

text: or

text: Jamtland

text: is

text: historical

text: province

text: landskap

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Sweden

text: in

text: northern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: to

text: Härjedalen

text: and

text: Medelpad

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Ångermanland

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Lapland

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Trøndelag

text: and

text: Norway

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Jämtland

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: kilometres

text: of

text: Sweden

text: 's

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: province

text: in

text: Sweden

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: whom

text: live

text: in

text: Storsjöbygden

text: the

text: area

text: surrounding

text: lake

text: Storsjön

text: Östersund

text: is

text: Jämtland

text: 's

text: only

text: city

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Sweden

text: The (plural: "") is a basic administrative division in Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.

text: The

text: plural

text: is

text: basic

text: administrative

text: division

text: in

text: Italy

text: roughly

text: equivalent

text: to

text: township

text: or

text: municipality

text: Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The Kingdom of Denmark is the sovereign state that comprises Denmark proper and two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark has a total area of , and a population of 5.7 million. The country consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand and Funen. The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.

text: Denmark

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: southernmost

text: and

text: smallest

text: of

text: the

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: it

text: is

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: Norway

text: and

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: Germany

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: is

text: the

text: sovereign

text: state

text: that

text: comprises

text: Denmark

text: proper

text: and

text: two

text: autonomous

text: constituent

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: and

text: Greenland

text: Denmark

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: country

text: consists

text: of

text: peninsula

text: Jutland

text: and

text: an

text: archipelago

text: of

text: named

text: islands

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: being

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Funen

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: characterised

text: by

text: flat

text: arable

text: land

text: and

text: sandy

text: coasts

text: low

text: elevation

text: and

text: temperate

text: climate

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text: Tortona is a "comune" of Piemonte, in the Province of Alessandria, Italy. Tortona is sited on the right bank of the Scrivia between the plain of Marengo and the foothills of the Ligurian Apennines.

text: Tortona

text: is

text: comune

text: of

text: Piemonte

text: in

text: the

text: Province

text: of

text: Alessandria

text: Italy

text: Tortona

text: is

text: sited

text: on

text: the

text: right

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: Scrivia

text: between

text: the

text: plain

text: of

text: Marengo

text: and

text: the

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Ligurian

text: Apennines

text: Christina of Denmark ( Danish : Christine af Danmark ; November 1521 -- 10 December 1590 ) was a Danish princess who became Duchess - consort of Milan , then Duchess - consort of Lorraine . She served as Regent of Lorraine in the years 1545 -- 1552 during the minority of her son . She was also a claimant to the thrones of Denmark , Norway and Sweden in 1561 - 1590 . Finally , she was sovereign Lady of Tortona in 1578 - 1584 .

text: Christina

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Danish

text: Christine

text: af

text: Danmark

text: November

text: December

text: was

text: Danish

text: princess

text: who

text: became

text: Duchess

text: consort

text: of

text: Milan

text: then

text: Duchess

text: consort

text: of

text: Lorraine

text: She

text: served

text: as

text: Regent

text: of

text: Lorraine

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: during

text: the

text: minority

text: of

text: her

text: son

text: She

text: was

text: also

text: claimant

text: to

text: the

text: thrones

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Norway

text: and

text: Sweden

text: in

text: Finally

text: she

text: was

text: sovereign

text: Lady

text: of

text: Tortona

text: in

text: Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a sovereign state in Northern Europe. A peninsula with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, the country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east. Estonia is south of the country across the Gulf of Finland. Finland is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia, which also includes Scandinavia. Finland's population is 5.5 million (2014), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades. The majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region. In terms of area, it is the eighth largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union.

text: Finland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Finland

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: peninsula

text: with

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Sweden

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Estonia

text: is

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: across

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: Finland

text: is

text: Nordic

text: country

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: geographical

text: region

text: of

text: Fennoscandia

text: which

text: also

text: includes

text: Scandinavia

text: Finland

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: million

text: staying

text: roughly

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: two

text: decades

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: region

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: Zealand is the largest (7,031 km) and most populated island in Denmark with a population of 2,267,659 (39% of Denmark's total as of January 2016).

text: Zealand

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: km

text: and

text: most

text: populated

text: island

text: in

text: Denmark

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: of

text: Denmark

text: 's

text: total

text: as

text: of

text: January

text: The Scrivia, long, is a right tributary of the Po River, in northern Italy. It runs through Liguria, Piedmont, and Lombardy.

text: The

text: Scrivia

text: long

text: is

text: right

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Po

text: River

text: in

text: northern

text: Italy

text: It

text: runs

text: through

text: Liguria

text: Piedmont

text: and

text: Lombardy

text: Nynorsk, literally New Norwegian or New Norse, is one of the two written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 1885, when the parliament declared them official and equal, until new voting in 1929, their names were Landsmål and Riksmål. The Landsmål language standard was constructed by the Norwegian linguist Ivar Aasen during the mid-19th century, to provide a Norwegian-based alternative to Danish, which was commonly written, and to some extent spoken, in Norway at the time. The official standard of Nynorsk has since been significantly altered. A minor purist fraction of the Nynorsk populace has stayed firm with the Aasen norm, which is known as Høgnorsk (analogous to High German).

text: Nynorsk

text: literally

text: New

text: Norwegian

text: or

text: New

text: Norse

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: written

text: standards

text: of

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: language

text: the

text: other

text: being

text: Bokmål

text: From

text: when

text: the

text: parliament

text: declared

text: them

text: official

text: and

text: equal

text: until

text: new

text: voting

text: in

text: their

text: names

text: were

text: Landsmål

text: and

text: Riksmål

text: The

text: Landsmål

text: language

text: standard

text: was

text: constructed

text: by

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: linguist

text: Ivar

text: Aasen

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: provide

text: Norwegian

text: based

text: alternative

text: to

text: Danish

text: which

text: was

text: commonly

text: written

text: and

text: to

text: some

text: extent

text: spoken

text: in

text: Norway

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: official

text: standard

text: of

text: Nynorsk

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: significantly

text: altered

text: minor

text: purist

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: Nynorsk

text: populace

text: has

text: stayed

text: firm

text: with

text: the

text: Aasen

text: norm

text: which

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Høgnorsk

text: analogous

text: to

text: High

text: German

text: Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre (1 million sq mi) region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. On most maps there had been an unclaimed area between Queen Maud Land's borders of 1939 and the South Pole until June 12, 2015 when Norway formally annexed that area. Positioned in East Antarctica, the territory comprises about one-fifth of the total area of Antarctica. The claim is named after the Norwegian queen Maud of Wales (18691938).

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: is

text: million

text: square

text: kilometre

text: million

text: sq

text: mi

text: region

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: claimed

text: as

text: dependent

text: territory

text: by

text: Norway

text: The

text: territory

text: lies

text: between

text: west

text: and

text: east

text: between

text: the

text: British

text: Antarctic

text: Territory

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Australian

text: Antarctic

text: Territory

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: On

text: most

text: maps

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: an

text: unclaimed

text: area

text: between

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: 's

text: borders

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Pole

text: until

text: June

text: when

text: Norway

text: formally

text: annexed

text: that

text: area

text: Positioned

text: in

text: East

text: Antarctica

text: the

text: territory

text: comprises

text: about

text: one

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: The

text: claim

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: queen

text: Maud

text: of

text: Wales

text: Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term, geographically, Northern Europe may be considered to consist approximately of all of Europe above the 52nd parallel north; which includes (from west to east) most or all of: Iceland, the Republic of Ireland, the Isle of Man, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, northern Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northwest Russia. However, narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors, such as climate and ecology. Greenland, geographically a part of North America, is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and may be included depending on the definition.

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: is

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: or

text: region

text: of

text: Europe

text: Although

text: no

text: definitive

text: borders

text: or

text: definition

text: exists

text: for

text: the

text: term

text: geographically

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: may

text: be

text: considered

text: to

text: consist

text: approximately

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: Europe

text: above

text: the

text: parallel

text: north

text: which

text: includes

text: from

text: west

text: to

text: east

text: most

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: Iceland

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: northern

text: Germany

text: Denmark

text: Norway

text: Sweden

text: northern

text: Poland

text: Finland

text: Estonia

text: Latvia

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: northwest

text: Russia

text: However

text: narrower

text: definitions

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: based

text: on

text: other

text: geographical

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: climate

text: and

text: ecology

text: Greenland

text: geographically

text: part

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: is

text: politically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: included

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: definition

text: Svalbard (formerly known by its Dutch name Spitsbergen) is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. Situated north of mainland Europe, it is about midway between continental Norway and the North Pole. The islands of the group range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude. The largest island is Spitsbergen, followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya.

text: Svalbard

text: formerly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Dutch

text: name

text: Spitsbergen

text: is

text: Norwegian

text: archipelago

text: in

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: Situated

text: north

text: of

text: mainland

text: Europe

text: it

text: is

text: about

text: midway

text: between

text: continental

text: Norway

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Pole

text: The

text: islands

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: range

text: from

text: to

text: north

text: latitude

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: east

text: longitude

text: The

text: largest

text: island

text: is

text: Spitsbergen

text: followed

text: by

text: Nordaustlandet

text: and

text: Edgeøya

text: Antarctica (US English , UK English or ) is Earth's southernmost continent. It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At , it is the fifth-largest continent. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.

text: Antarctica

text: US

text: English

text: UK

text: English

text: or

text: is

text: Earth

text: 's

text: southernmost

text: continent

text: It

text: contains

text: the

text: geographic

text: South

text: Pole

text: and

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: almost

text: entirely

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Circle

text: and

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: At

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: continent

text: For

text: comparison

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: nearly

text: twice

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Australia

text: About

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: covered

text: by

text: ice

text: that

text: averages

text: in

text: thickness

text: which

text: extends

text: to

text: all

text: but

text: the

text: northernmost

text: reaches

text: of

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Peninsula

text: The Scandinavian Peninsula (;  "Skandinavsky poluostrov") is a peninsula in Northern Europe, which generally comprises the mainland of Sweden, the mainland of Norway (with the exception of a small coastal area bordering Russia), the northwestern area of Finland, as well as a narrow area in the west of the Pechengsky District of Russia.

text: The

text: Scandinavian

text: Peninsula

text: Skandinavsky

text: poluostrov

text: is

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: which

text: generally

text: comprises

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: Sweden

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: Norway

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: small

text: coastal

text: area

text: bordering

text: Russia

text: the

text: northwestern

text: area

text: of

text: Finland

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: narrow

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Pechengsky

text: District

text: of

text: Russia

text: Bokmål (literally "book tongue") is an official written standard for the Norwegian language, alongside Nynorsk. Bokmål is the preferred written standard of Norwegian for 85% to 90% of the population in Norway, and is most used by people who speak Standard Østnorsk.

text: Bokmål

text: literally

text: book

text: tongue

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: written

text: standard

text: for

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: language

text: alongside

text: Nynorsk

text: Bokmål

text: is

text: the

text: preferred

text: written

text: standard

text: of

text: Norwegian

text: for

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: in

text: Norway

text: and

text: is

text: most

text: used

text: by

text: people

text: who

text: speak

text: Standard

text: Østnorsk

text: Bohuslän is a Swedish province in Götaland, on the northernmost part of the country's west coast. It is bordered by Dalsland to the northeast, Västergötland to the southeast, the Skagerrak arm of the North Sea to the west, and the county of Østfold, in Norway, to the north.

text: Bohuslän

text: is

text: Swedish

text: province

text: in

text: Götaland

text: on

text: the

text: northernmost

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: west

text: coast

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Dalsland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Västergötland

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: the

text: Skagerrak

text: arm

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Østfold

text: in

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The Province of Alessandria (Italian: "Provincia di Alessandria") is an Italian province, with a population of some 430,000, which forms the southeastern part of the region of Piedmont. The provincial capital is the city of Alessandria.

text: The

text: Province

text: of

text: Alessandria

text: Italian

text: Provincia

text: di

text: Alessandria

text: is

text: an

text: Italian

text: province

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: some

text: which

text: forms

text: the

text: southeastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Piedmont

text: The

text: provincial

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Alessandria

text: The Republic of Iceland, "Lýðveldið Ísland" in Icelandic, is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavík. Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iceland

text: Lýðveldið

text: Ísland

text: in

text: Icelandic

text: is

text: Nordic

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Reykjavík

text: Reykjavík

text: and

text: the

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: are

text: home

text: to

text: over

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: Iceland

text: is

text: volcanically

text: and

text: geologically

text: active

text: The

text: interior

text: consists

text: of

text: plateau

text: characterised

text: by

text: sand

text: and

text: lava

text: fields

text: mountains

text: and

text: glaciers

text: while

text: many

text: glacial

text: rivers

text: flow

text: to

text: the

text: sea

text: through

text: the

text: lowlands

text: Iceland

text: is

text: warmed

text: by

text: the

text: Gulf

text: Stream

text: and

text: has

text: temperate

text: climate

text: despite

text: high

text: latitude

text: just

text: outside

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Circle

text: Its

text: high

text: latitude

text: and

text: marine

text: influence

text: still

text: keeps

text: summers

text: chilly

text: with

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: archipelago

text: having

text: tundra

text: climate

text: An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, and a small island off the coast may be called a holm. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago, e.g. the Philippines.

text: An

text: island

text: or

text: isle

text: is

text: any

text: piece

text: of

text: sub

text: continental

text: land

text: that

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: water

text: Very

text: small

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: emergent

text: land

text: features

text: on

text: atolls

text: can

text: be

text: called

text: islets

text: skerries

text: cays

text: or

text: keys

text: An

text: island

text: in

text: river

text: or

text: lake

text: island

text: may

text: be

text: called

text: an

text: eyot

text: or

text: ait

text: and

text: small

text: island

text: off

text: the

text: coast

text: may

text: be

text: called

text: holm

text: grouping

text: of

text: geographically

text: or

text: geologically

text: related

text: islands

text: is

text: called

text: an

text: archipelago

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Shetland , also called the Shetland Islands, is a subarctic archipelago that lies northeast of the island of Great Britain and forms part of Scotland, United Kingdom.

text: Shetland

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: Shetland

text: Islands

text: is

text: subarctic

text: archipelago

text: that

text: lies

text: northeast

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: Scotland

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The Nordic countries or Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (lit., "The North"). They consist of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, including their associated territories (Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and the Åland Islands).

text: The

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: or

text: Nordics

text: are

text: geographical

text: and

text: cultural

text: region

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: most

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Norden

text: lit

text: The

text: North

text: They

text: consist

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Finland

text: Iceland

text: Norway

text: and

text: Sweden

text: including

text: their

text: associated

text: territories

text: Greenland

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: and

text: the

text: Åland

text: Islands

text: Bouvet Island (Norwegian: Bouvetøya, previously spelled Bouvet-øya) is an uninhabited subantarctic high island and dependency of Norway located in the South Atlantic Ocean at . It lies at the southern end of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and is the most remote island in the world, approximately south-southwest of the coast of South Africa and approximately north of the Princess Astrid Coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica.

text: Bouvet

text: Island

text: Norwegian

text: Bouvetøya

text: previously

text: spelled

text: Bouvet

text: øya

text: is

text: an

text: uninhabited

text: subantarctic

text: high

text: island

text: and

text: dependency

text: of

text: Norway

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: at

text: It

text: lies

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Mid

text: Atlantic

text: Ridge

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: remote

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: approximately

text: south

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: South

text: Africa

text: and

text: approximately

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Princess

text: Astrid

text: Coast

text: of

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: Antarctica

text:
Orkney, also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of Great Britain. Orkney is 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of the coast of Caithness and comprises approximately 70 islands, of which 20 are inhabited.
The largest island Mainland is often referred to as "the Mainland". It has an area of , making it the sixth-largest Scottish island and the tenth-largest island in the British Isles. The largest settlement and administrative centre is Kirkwall.

text: Orkney

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Orkney

text: Islands

text: is

text: an

text: archipelago

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Isles

text: of

text: Scotland

text: situated

text: off

text: the

text: north

text: coast

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Orkney

text: is

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Caithness

text: and

text: comprises

text: approximately

text: islands

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: inhabited

text: The

text: largest

text: island

text: Mainland

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Mainland

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: Scottish

text: island

text: and

text: the

text: tenth

text: largest

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: The

text: largest

text: settlement

text: and

text: administrative

text: centre

text: is

text: Kirkwall

text: Härjedalen is a historical province or "landskap" in the centre of Sweden. It borders the country of Norway as well as the provinces of Dalarna, Hälsingland, Medelpad, and Jämtland. The province originally belonged to Norway, but was ceded to Sweden in the Treaty of Brömsebro, 1645.

text: Härjedalen

text: is

text: historical

text: province

text: or

text: landskap

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: Sweden

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: Norway

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Dalarna

text: Hälsingland

text: Medelpad

text: and

text: Jämtland

text: The

text: province

text: originally

text: belonged

text: to

text: Norway

text: but

text: was

text: ceded

text: to

text: Sweden

text: in

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Brömsebro

text: Peter I Island is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Bellingshausen Sea, from Antarctica. It is claimed as a dependency of Norway, and along with Queen Maud Land and Bouvet Island comprises one of the three Norwegian dependent territories in the Antarctic and Subantarctic. Peter I Island is long and , slightly larger than Staten Island. The tallest peak is the ultra and tall Lars Christensen Peak. Nearly all of the island is covered by a glacier and it is surrounded most of the year by pack ice, making it inaccessible almost all year round. There is little life on the island apart from seabirds and seals.

text: Peter

text: Island

text: is

text: an

text: uninhabited

text: volcanic

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Bellingshausen

text: Sea

text: from

text: Antarctica

text: It

text: is

text: claimed

text: as

text: dependency

text: of

text: Norway

text: and

text: along

text: with

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: and

text: Bouvet

text: Island

text: comprises

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Norwegian

text: dependent

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: and

text: Subantarctic

text: Peter

text: Island

text: is

text: long

text: and

text: slightly

text: larger

text: than

text: Staten

text: Island

text: The

text: tallest

text: peak

text: is

text: the

text: ultra

text: and

text: tall

text: Lars

text: Christensen

text: Peak

text: Nearly

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: is

text: covered

text: by

text: glacier

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: surrounded

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: by

text: pack

text: ice

text: making

text: it

text: inaccessible

text: almost

text: all

text: year

text: round

text: There

text: is

text: little

text: life

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: apart

text: from

text: seabirds

text: and

text: seals

text: An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. The word "archipelago" is derived from the Greek "-  arkhi-" ("chief") and "  pélagos" ("sea") through the Italian "arcipelago". In Italian, possibly following a tradition of antiquity, the Archipelago (from medieval Greek "*" and Latin "archipelagus") was the proper name for the Aegean Sea and, later, usage shifted to refer to the Aegean Islands (since the sea is remarkable for its large number of islands). It is now used to refer to any island group or, sometimes, to a sea containing a small number of scattered islands.

text: An

text: archipelago

text: sometimes

text: called

text: an

text: island

text: group

text: or

text: island

text: chain

text: is

text: chain

text: cluster

text: or

text: collection

text: of

text: islands

text: The

text: word

text: archipelago

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: arkhi-

text: chief

text: and

text: pélagos

text: sea

text: through

text: the

text: Italian

text: arcipelago

text: In

text: Italian

text: possibly

text: following

text: tradition

text: of

text: antiquity

text: the

text: Archipelago

text: from

text: medieval

text: Greek

text: and

text: Latin

text: archipelagus

text: was

text: the

text: proper

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: and

text: later

text: usage

text: shifted

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: Aegean

text: Islands

text: since

text: the

text: sea

text: is

text: remarkable

text: for

text: its

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: any

text: island

text: group

text: or

text: sometimes

text: to

text: sea

text: containing

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: scattered

text: islands

text: The Faroe Islands (Irish: "Na Scigirí") are an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic approximately halfway between Norway and Iceland, north-northwest of mainland Scotland. The area is approximately with a 2016 population of 49,188. The islands are an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark.

text: The

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: Irish

text: Scigirí

text: are

text: an

text: archipelago

text: between

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: approximately

text: halfway

text: between

text: Norway

text: and

text: Iceland

text: north

text: northwest

text: of

text: mainland

text: Scotland

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: approximately

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: an

text: autonomous

text: country

text: within

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: MILAN ("milan(e)" is French for kite) is a European anti-tank guided missile. Design of the MILAN started in 1962, it was ready for trials in 1971, and was accepted for service in 1972. It is a wire guided SACLOS (semi-automatic command to line-of-sight) missile, which means the sight of the launch unit has to be aimed at the target to guide the missile. The MILAN can be equipped with a MIRA or MILIS thermal sight to give it night-firing ability.

text: MILAN

text: milan(e

text: is

text: French

text: for

text: kite

text: is

text: European

text: anti

text: tank

text: guided

text: missile

text: Design

text: of

text: the

text: MILAN

text: started

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: ready

text: for

text: trials

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: accepted

text: for

text: service

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: wire

text: guided

text: SACLOS

text: semi

text: automatic

text: command

text: to

text: line

text: of

text: sight

text: missile

text: which

text: means

text: the

text: sight

text: of

text: the

text: launch

text: unit

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: aimed

text: at

text: the

text: target

text: to

text: guide

text: the

text: missile

text: The

text: MILAN

text: can

text: be

text: equipped

text: with

text: MIRA

text: or

text: MILIS

text: thermal

text: sight

text: to

text: give

text: it

text: night

text: firing

text: ability

text: Greenland  is an autonomous constituent country within the Danish Realm between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors migrated began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.

text: Greenland

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: constituent

text: country

text: within

text: the

text: Danish

text: Realm

text: between

text: the

text: Arctic

text: and

text: Atlantic

text: Oceans

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Arctic

text: Archipelago

text: Though

text: physiographically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: continent

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Greenland

text: has

text: been

text: politically

text: and

text: culturally

text: associated

text: with

text: Europe

text: specifically

text: Norway

text: and

text: Denmark

text: the

text: colonial

text: powers

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: nearby

text: island

text: of

text: Iceland

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: millennium

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: residents

text: are

text: Inuit

text: whose

text: ancestors

text: migrated

text: began

text: migrating

text: from

text: the

text: Canadian

text: mainland

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: gradually

text: settling

text: across

text: the

text: island

text: Jutland , also known as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula , is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and the northern portion of Germany. The names are derived from the Jutes and the Cimbri, respectively. Jutland's terrain is relatively flat, with open lands, heaths, plains and peat bogs in the west and a more elevated and slightly hilly terrain in the east.

text: Jutland

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Cimbric

text: or

text: Cimbrian

text: Peninsula

text: is

text: peninsula

text: of

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: that

text: forms

text: the

text: continental

text: portion

text: of

text: Denmark

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: portion

text: of

text: Germany

text: The

text: names

text: are

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Jutes

text: and

text: the

text: Cimbri

text: respectively

text: Jutland

text: 's

text: terrain

text: is

text: relatively

text: flat

text: with

text: open

text: lands

text: heaths

text: plains

text: and

text: peat

text: bogs

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: more

text: elevated

text: and

text: slightly

text: hilly

text: terrain

text: in

text: the

text: east

question: place_of_death christina of denmark

answer: alessandria

text: alessandria

text: alessandria

text: alessandria

text: alessandria


text: The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek:   , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Koine

text: and

text: Medieval

text: Greek

text: tr

text: was

text: the

text: post

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: characterized

text: by

text: government

text: headed

text: by

text: emperors

text: and

text: large

text: territorial

text: holdings

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: BC

text: AD

text: with

text: Constantinople

text: New

text: Rome

text: becoming

text: the

text: largest

text: around

text: AD

text: and

text: the

text: Empire

text: 's

text: populace

text: grew

text: to

text: an

text: estimated

text: to

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: roughly

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: old

text: republic

text: which

text: preceded

text: it

text: was

text: severely

text: destabilized

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: civil

text: wars

text: and

text: political

text: conflict

text: during

text: which

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: was

text: appointed

text: as

text: perpetual

text: dictator

text: and

text: then

text: assassinated

text: in

text: BC

text: Civil

text: wars

text: and

text: executions

text: continued

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: Octavian

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: adopted

text: son

text: over

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Octavian

text: 's

text: power

text: was

text: then

text: unassailable

text: and

text: in

text: BC

text: the

text: Roman

text: Senate

text: formally

text: granted

text: him

text: overarching

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: title

text: Augustus

text: effectively

text: marking

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: Tocopilla Province ( Spanish : Provincia de Tocopilla ) is one of the three provinces in the northern Chilean region of Antofagasta ( II ) . Its capital is the city of Tocopilla .

text: Tocopilla

text: Province

text: Spanish

text: Provincia

text: de

text: Tocopilla

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: provinces

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: Chilean

text: region

text: of

text: Antofagasta

text: II

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Tocopilla

text: An administrative division, unit, entity, area or region, also referred to as a subnational entity, constituent unit, or country subdivision, is a portion of a country or other region delineated for the purpose of administration. Administrative divisions are granted a certain degree of autonomy and are usually required to manage themselves through their own local governments. Countries are divided up into these smaller units to make managing their land and the affairs of their people easier. For example, a country may be divided into provinces, which, in turn, are divided into counties, which, in turn, may be divided in whole or in part into municipalities; and so on.

text: An

text: administrative

text: division

text: unit

text: entity

text: area

text: or

text: region

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: subnational

text: entity

text: constituent

text: unit

text: or

text: country

text: subdivision

text: is

text: portion

text: of

text: country

text: or

text: other

text: region

text: delineated

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: administration

text: Administrative

text: divisions

text: are

text: granted

text: certain

text: degree

text: of

text: autonomy

text: and

text: are

text: usually

text: required

text: to

text: manage

text: themselves

text: through

text: their

text: own

text: local

text: governments

text: Countries

text: are

text: divided

text: up

text: into

text: these

text: smaller

text: units

text: to

text: make

text: managing

text: their

text: land

text: and

text: the

text: affairs

text: of

text: their

text: people

text: easier

text: For

text: example

text: country

text: may

text: be

text: divided

text: into

text: provinces

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: are

text: divided

text: into

text: counties

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: may

text: be

text: divided

text: in

text: whole

text: or

text: in

text: part

text: into

text: municipalities

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: A province is almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman "provincia", which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries, and in those with no actual provinces, it has come to mean "outside the capital city". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of federal authority, especially in Canada. In other countries, like China, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.

text: province

text: is

text: almost

text: always

text: an

text: administrative

text: division

text: within

text: country

text: or

text: state

text: The

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: provincia

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: major

text: territorial

text: and

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: 's

text: territorial

text: possessions

text: outside

text: Italy

text: The

text: term

text: province

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: adopted

text: by

text: many

text: countries

text: and

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: no

text: actual

text: provinces

text: it

text: has

text: come

text: to

text: mean

text: outside

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: While

text: some

text: provinces

text: were

text: produced

text: artificially

text: by

text: colonial

text: powers

text: others

text: were

text: formed

text: around

text: local

text: groups

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: ethnic

text: identities

text: Many

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: powers

text: independent

text: of

text: federal

text: authority

text: especially

text: in

text: Canada

text: In

text: other

text: countries

text: like

text: China

text: provinces

text: are

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: central

text: government

text: with

text: very

text: little

text: autonomy

text: Tocopilla is a city and commune in the Antofagasta Region, in the north of Chile. It is the capital of the province that bears the same name.

text: Tocopilla

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: commune

text: in

text: the

text: Antofagasta

text: Region

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: Chile

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: that

text: bears

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as "lo Stivale" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.

text: Italy

text: officially

text: the

text: Italian

text: Republic

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Italy

text: shares

text: open

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: France

text: Switzerland

text: Austria

text: Slovenia

text: San

text: Marino

text: and

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Italy

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: climate

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: shape

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: Italy

text: as

text: lo

text: Stivale

text: the

text: Boot

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: EU

text: member

text: state

text: The II Antofagasta Region is one of Chile's fifteen first-order administrative divisions. It comprises three provinces, Antofagasta, El Loa and Tocopilla. It is bordered to the north by Tarapacá and by Atacama to the south and is the second-largest region of Chile. To the east it borders Bolivia and Argentina. The capital of the region is the port city of Antofagasta, another important city being Calama. The main economic activity is copper mining in the giant porphyry copper systems located inland.

text: The

text: II

text: Antofagasta

text: Region

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Chile

text: 's

text: fifteen

text: first

text: order

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: It

text: comprises

text: three

text: provinces

text: Antofagasta

text: El

text: Loa

text: and

text: Tocopilla

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Tarapacá

text: and

text: by

text: Atacama

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: region

text: of

text: Chile

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: it

text: borders

text: Bolivia

text: and

text: Argentina

text: The

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: is

text: the

text: port

text: city

text: of

text: Antofagasta

text: another

text: important

text: city

text: being

text: Calama

text: The

text: main

text: economic

text: activity

text: is

text: copper

text: mining

text: in

text: the

text: giant

text: porphyry

text: copper

text: systems

text: located

text: inland

text: China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.

text: China

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: is

text: unitary

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: billion

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: Beijing

text: It

text: exercises

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: provinces

text: five

text: autonomous

text: regions

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: Beijing

text: Tianjin

text: Shanghai

text: and

text: Chongqing

text: and

text: two

text: mostly

text: self

text: governing

text: special

text: administrative

text: regions

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macau

text: and

text: claims

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: Taiwan

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Shanghai

text: Guangzhou

text: Beijing

text: Chongqing

text: Shenzhen

text: Tianjin

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: China

text: is

text: great

text: power

text: and

text: major

text: regional

text: power

text: within

text: Asia

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: characterized

text: as

text: potential

text: superpower

text: A country is a region that is identified as a distinct national entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated people with distinct political characteristics. Regardless of the physical geography, in the modern internationally accepted legal definition as defined by the League of Nations in 1937 and reaffirmed by the United Nations in 1945, a resident of a country is subject to the independent exercise of legal jurisdiction.

text: country

text: is

text: region

text: that

text: is

text: identified

text: as

text: distinct

text: national

text: entity

text: in

text: political

text: geography

text: country

text: may

text: be

text: an

text: independent

text: sovereign

text: state

text: or

text: one

text: that

text: is

text: occupied

text: by

text: another

text: state

text: as

text: non

text: sovereign

text: or

text: formerly

text: sovereign

text: political

text: division

text: or

text: geographic

text: region

text: associated

text: with

text: sets

text: of

text: previously

text: independent

text: or

text: differently

text: associated

text: people

text: with

text: distinct

text: political

text: characteristics

text: Regardless

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: geography

text: in

text: the

text: modern

text: internationally

text: accepted

text: legal

text: definition

text: as

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: in

text: and

text: reaffirmed

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: in

text: resident

text: of

text: country

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: independent

text: exercise

text: of

text: legal

text: jurisdiction

text: Antofagasta is a port city in northern Chile, about north of Santiago. It is the capital of Antofagasta Province and Antofagasta Region. According to the 2012 census, the city has a population of 345,420.

text: Antofagasta

text: is

text: port

text: city

text: in

text: northern

text: Chile

text: about

text: north

text: of

text: Santiago

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Antofagasta

text: Province

text: and

text: Antofagasta

text: Region

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. Chile also claims about of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.

text: Chile

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Chile

text: is

text: South

text: American

text: country

text: occupying

text: long

text: narrow

text: strip

text: of

text: land

text: between

text: the

text: Andes

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: borders

text: Peru

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Bolivia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Argentina

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Drake

text: Passage

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: south

text: Chilean

text: territory

text: includes

text: the

text: Pacific

text: islands

text: of

text: Juan

text: Fernández

text: Salas

text: Gómez

text: Desventuradas

text: and

text: Easter

text: Island

text: in

text: Oceania

text: Chile

text: also

text: claims

text: about

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: although

text: all

text: claims

text: are

text: suspended

text: under

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Treaty

text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

annotations: follows single

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity tocopilla province

answer: antofagasta region

text: antofagasta region

text: antofagasta region

text: antofagasta region