text: Norwood, also known as Bainbridge, is a working-class residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City. As of the census of 2000, the seven census tracts that make up the neighborhood have a population of 40,748. The area is dominated topographically by what was once known as Valentine's Hill, the highest point being near the intersection of 210th Street and Bainbridge Avenue, where Gun Hill Road intersects, and around the Montefiore Medical Center, the largest landowner and employer of the neighborhood. It borders Van Cortlandt Park and Woodlawn Cemetery to the north, the Bronx River to the east, and Mosholu Parkway to the south and west. Norwood's main commercial arteries are Gun Hill Road, Jerome Avenue, Webster Avenue, and Bainbridge Avenue.

text: Norwood

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Bainbridge

text: is

text: working

text: class

text: residential

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: Bronx

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: census

text: tracts

text: that

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: neighborhood

text: have

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: dominated

text: topographically

text: by

text: what

text: was

text: once

text: known

text: as

text: Valentine

text: 's

text: Hill

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: being

text: near

text: the

text: intersection

text: of

text: Street

text: and

text: Bainbridge

text: Avenue

text: where

text: Gun

text: Hill

text: Road

text: intersects

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: Montefiore

text: Medical

text: Center

text: the

text: largest

text: landowner

text: and

text: employer

text: of

text: the

text: neighborhood

text: It

text: borders

text: Van

text: Cortlandt

text: Park

text: and

text: Woodlawn

text: Cemetery

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Bronx

text: River

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Mosholu

text: Parkway

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: Norwood

text: 's

text: main

text: commercial

text: arteries

text: are

text: Gun

text: Hill

text: Road

text: Jerome

text: Avenue

text: Webster

text: Avenue

text: and

text: Bainbridge

text: Avenue

text: A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land. Port locations are selected to optimize access to land and navigable water, for commercial demand, and for shelter from wind and waves. Ports with deeper water are rarer, but can handle larger ships. Since ports throughout history handled every kind of traffic, support and storage facilities vary widely, may extend for miles, and dominate the local economy. Some ports have an important military role.

text: port

text: is

text: location

text: on

text: coast

text: or

text: shore

text: containing

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: harbors

text: where

text: ships

text: can

text: dock

text: and

text: transfer

text: people

text: or

text: cargo

text: to

text: or

text: from

text: land

text: Port

text: locations

text: are

text: selected

text: to

text: optimize

text: access

text: to

text: land

text: and

text: navigable

text: water

text: for

text: commercial

text: demand

text: and

text: for

text: shelter

text: from

text: wind

text: and

text: waves

text: Ports

text: with

text: deeper

text: water

text: are

text: rarer

text: but

text: can

text: handle

text: larger

text: ships

text: Since

text: ports

text: throughout

text: history

text: handled

text: every

text: kind

text: of

text: traffic

text: support

text: and

text: storage

text: facilities

text: vary

text: widely

text: may

text: extend

text: for

text: miles

text: and

text: dominate

text: the

text: local

text: economy

text: Some

text: ports

text: have

text: an

text: important

text: military

text: role

text: In the study of human settlements, an urban agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place ("usually a municipality") and any suburbs linked by continuous urban area. INSEE, the French Statistical Institute, uses the term "unité urbaine", which means continuous urbanized area. However, because of differences in definitions of what does and does not constitute an "agglomeration", as well as variations and limitations in statistical or geographical methodology, it can be problematic to compare different agglomerations around the world. It may not be clear, for instance, whether an area should be considered to be a satellite and part of an agglomeration, or a distinct entity in itself.

text: In

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: human

text: settlements

text: an

text: urban

text: agglomeration

text: is

text: an

text: extended

text: city

text: or

text: town

text: area

text: comprising

text: the

text: built

text: up

text: area

text: of

text: central

text: place

text: usually

text: municipality

text: and

text: any

text: suburbs

text: linked

text: by

text: continuous

text: urban

text: area

text: INSEE

text: the

text: French

text: Statistical

text: Institute

text: uses

text: the

text: term

text: unité

text: urbaine

text: which

text: means

text: continuous

text: urbanized

text: area

text: However

text: because

text: of

text: differences

text: in

text: definitions

text: of

text: what

text: does

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: constitute

text: an

text: agglomeration

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: variations

text: and

text: limitations

text: in

text: statistical

text: or

text: geographical

text: methodology

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: problematic

text: to

text: compare

text: different

text: agglomerations

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: clear

text: for

text: instance

text: whether

text: an

text: area

text: should

text: be

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: satellite

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: agglomeration

text: or

text: distinct

text: entity

text: in

text: itself

text: The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: often

text: called

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: or

text: simply

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: distributed

text: over

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: just

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomerations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: global

text: power

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: exerts

text: significant

text: impact

text: upon

text: commerce

text: finance

text: media

text: art

text: fashion

text: research

text: technology

text: education

text: and

text: entertainment

text: its

text: fast

text: pace

text: defining

text: the

text: term

text: New

text: York

text: minute

text: Home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: for

text: international

text: diplomacy

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: financial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes the most populous city in the United States (New York City); Long Island and the Mid- and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey (Newark  the largest city in New Jersey  Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison) and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut (Bridgeport  the largest city in Connecticut  New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury) and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Tri

text: State

text: Area

text: includes

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Long

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: Mid-

text: and

text: Lower

text: Hudson

text: Valley

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: five

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: New

text: Jersey

text: Newark

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: New

text: Jersey

text: Jersey

text: City

text: Paterson

text: Elizabeth

text: and

text: Edison

text: and

text: their

text: vicinities

text: six

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: Bridgeport

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: New

text: Haven

text: Stamford

text: Waterbury

text: Norwalk

text: and

text: Danbury

text: and

text: their

text: vicinities

text: and

text: five

text: counties

text: in

text: northeastern

text: Pennsylvania

text: Bronx Park, laid out on along the Bronx River in the Bronx, New York City, is the home of the New York Botanical Garden and the Bronx Zoo. Bicycle paths go northwest, north, and east, along Mosholu Parkway, Bronx River Parkway, and Pelham Parkway respectively. The east end of Fordham Road is inside the park, at an interchange with the Pelham and Bronx River Parkways, and divides the park roughly in half, with the Botanical Garden occupying most of the north half and the Zoo most of the south. The Bronx River Parkway runs north / south near the eastern edge. The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. The East Coast Greenway travels through Bronx Park.

text: Bronx

text: Park

text: laid

text: out

text: on

text: along

text: the

text: Bronx

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Botanical

text: Garden

text: and

text: the

text: Bronx

text: Zoo

text: Bicycle

text: paths

text: go

text: northwest

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: along

text: Mosholu

text: Parkway

text: Bronx

text: River

text: Parkway

text: and

text: Pelham

text: Parkway

text: respectively

text: The

text: east

text: end

text: of

text: Fordham

text: Road

text: is

text: inside

text: the

text: park

text: at

text: an

text: interchange

text: with

text: the

text: Pelham

text: and

text: Bronx

text: River

text: Parkways

text: and

text: divides

text: the

text: park

text: roughly

text: in

text: half

text: with

text: the

text: Botanical

text: Garden

text: occupying

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: north

text: half

text: and

text: the

text: Zoo

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Bronx

text: River

text: Parkway

text: runs

text: north

text: south

text: near

text: the

text: eastern

text: edge

text: The

text: park

text: is

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Department

text: of

text: Parks

text: and

text: Recreation

text: The

text: East

text: Coast

text: Greenway

text: travels

text: through

text: Bronx

text: Park

text: The Harlem River is an tidal strait flowing between the Hudson River and the East River and separating the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the New York mainland.

text: The

text: Harlem

text: River

text: is

text: an

text: tidal

text: strait

text: flowing

text: between

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: and

text: separating

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: from

text: the

text: Bronx

text: on

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: mainland

text: The headquarters of the United Nations is a complex in New York City designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, on spacious grounds overlooking the East River. Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east. The term "Turtle Bay" is occasionally used as a metonym for the UN headquarters or for the United Nations as a whole.

text: The

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: is

text: complex

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: designed

text: by

text: Brazilian

text: architect

text: Oscar

text: Niemeyer

text: The

text: complex

text: has

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: since

text: its

text: completion

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Turtle

text: Bay

text: neighborhood

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: on

text: spacious

text: grounds

text: overlooking

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: Its

text: borders

text: are

text: First

text: Avenue

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: East

text: Street

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: East

text: Street

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: The

text: term

text: Turtle

text: Bay

text: is

text: occasionally

text: used

text: as

text: metonym

text: for

text: the

text: UN

text: headquarters

text: or

text: for

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: as

text: whole

text: The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U.S. state of New York. It is geographically south of Westchester County; north and east of the island and borough of Manhattan to the south and west across the Harlem River; and north of the borough of Queens, across the East River. Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one that has the majority of its area on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of and a population of 1,455,444 in 2015, has the fourth-largest land area, the fourth-highest population, and the third-highest population density. Since 1914, the Bronx has had the same boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York and the third most densely populated county in the United States.

text: The

text: Bronx

text: is

text: the

text: northernmost

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: boroughs

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: within

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: It

text: is

text: geographically

text: south

text: of

text: Westchester

text: County

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: borough

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: across

text: the

text: Harlem

text: River

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: borough

text: of

text: Queens

text: across

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: Of

text: the

text: five

text: boroughs

text: the

text: Bronx

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: one

text: that

text: has

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: area

text: on

text: the

text: U.S.

text: mainland

text: and

text: with

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: has

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: land

text: area

text: the

text: fourth

text: highest

text: population

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: population

text: density

text: Since

text: the

text: Bronx

text: has

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: boundaries

text: as

text: Bronx

text: County

text: county

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Rapid transit, also known as heavy rail, metro, subway, tube, or underground, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. Unlike buses or trams, rapid transit systems are electric railways that operate on an exclusive right-of-way, which cannot be accessed by pedestrians or other vehicles of any sort, and which is often grade separated in tunnels or on elevated railways.

text: Rapid

text: transit

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: heavy

text: rail

text: metro

text: subway

text: tube

text: or

text: underground

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: high

text: capacity

text: public

text: transport

text: generally

text: found

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: Unlike

text: buses

text: or

text: trams

text: rapid

text: transit

text: systems

text: are

text: electric

text: railways

text: that

text: operate

text: on

text: an

text: exclusive

text: right

text: of

text: way

text: which

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: accessed

text: by

text: pedestrians

text: or

text: other

text: vehicles

text: of

text: any

text: sort

text: and

text: which

text: is

text: often

text: grade

text: separated

text: in

text: tunnels

text: or

text: on

text: elevated

text: railways

text: Fordham Road is an express station on the IND Concourse Line of the New York City Subway . Located at the intersection of Fordham Road and Grand Concourse in one of the largest shopping districts in New York City , it is served by the D train at all times and the B train during rush hours only .

text: Fordham

text: Road

text: is

text: an

text: express

text: station

text: on

text: the

text: IND

text: Concourse

text: Line

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: intersection

text: of

text: Fordham

text: Road

text: and

text: Grand

text: Concourse

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: shopping

text: districts

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: it

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: the

text: train

text: at

text: all

text: times

text: and

text: the

text: train

text: during

text: rush

text: hours

text: only

text: Research comprises "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications." It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. Research projects can be used to develop further knowledge on a topic, or in the example of a school research project, they can be used to further a student's research prowess to prepare them for future jobs or reports. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research, life, technological,etc.

text: Research

text: comprises

text: creative

text: work

text: undertaken

text: on

text: systematic

text: basis

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: stock

text: of

text: knowledge

text: including

text: knowledge

text: of

text: humans

text: culture

text: and

text: society

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: this

text: stock

text: of

text: knowledge

text: to

text: devise

text: new

text: applications

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: establish

text: or

text: confirm

text: facts

text: reaffirm

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: previous

text: work

text: solve

text: new

text: or

text: existing

text: problems

text: support

text: theorems

text: or

text: develop

text: new

text: theories

text: research

text: project

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: an

text: expansion

text: on

text: past

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: Research

text: projects

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: develop

text: further

text: knowledge

text: on

text: topic

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: example

text: of

text: school

text: research

text: project

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: further

text: student

text: 's

text: research

text: prowess

text: to

text: prepare

text: them

text: for

text: future

text: jobs

text: or

text: reports

text: To

text: test

text: the

text: validity

text: of

text: instruments

text: procedures

text: or

text: experiments

text: research

text: may

text: replicate

text: elements

text: of

text: prior

text: projects

text: or

text: the

text: project

text: as

text: whole

text: The

text: primary

text: purposes

text: of

text: basic

text: research

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: applied

text: research

text: are

text: documentation

text: discovery

text: interpretation

text: or

text: the

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: R&D

text: of

text: methods

text: and

text: systems

text: for

text: the

text: advancement

text: of

text: human

text: knowledge

text: Approaches

text: to

text: research

text: depend

text: on

text: epistemologies

text: which

text: vary

text: considerably

text: both

text: within

text: and

text: between

text: humanities

text: and

text: sciences

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: forms

text: of

text: research

text: scientific

text: humanities

text: artistic

text: economic

text: social

text: business

text: marketing

text: practitioner

text: research

text: life

text: technological

text: etc

text: The Concourse Line is an IND rapid transit line of the New York City Subway system. It runs from 205th Street in Norwood, Bronx to 145th Street in Harlem, Manhattan. It is the only B Division line in the Bronx, as well as the only fully underground line in the Bronx.

text: The

text: Concourse

text: Line

text: is

text: an

text: IND

text: rapid

text: transit

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: system

text: It

text: runs

text: from

text: Street

text: in

text: Norwood

text: Bronx

text: to

text: Street

text: in

text: Harlem

text: Manhattan

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: Division

text: line

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: only

text: fully

text: underground

text: line

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, The TA or simply Transit, and branded as MTA New York City Transit) is a public authority in the U.S. state of New York that operates public transportation in New York City. Part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the busiest and largest transit system in North America, the NYCTA has a daily ridership of 7 million trips (over 2 billion annually).

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Transit

text: Authority

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: NYCTA

text: The

text: TA

text: or

text: simply

text: Transit

text: and

text: branded

text: as

text: MTA

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Transit

text: is

text: public

text: authority

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: that

text: operates

text: public

text: transportation

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Part

text: of

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Transportation

text: Authority

text: the

text: busiest

text: and

text: largest

text: transit

text: system

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: the

text: NYCTA

text: has

text: daily

text: ridership

text: of

text: million

text: trips

text: over

text: billion

text: annually

text: The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state-run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day and every day of the year.

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: is

text: rapid

text: transit

text: system

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: leased

text: to

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Transit

text: Authority

text: subsidiary

text: agency

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: run

text: Metropolitan

text: Transportation

text: Authority

text: MTA

text: Opened

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: public

text: transit

text: systems

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: used

text: metro

text: systems

text: and

text: the

text: metro

text: system

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: stations

text: It

text: offers

text: service

text: hours

text: per

text: day

text: and

text: every

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: Fordham Road is a major street in the Bronx, a borough of New York City that runs east-west from the Harlem River to Bronx Park.

text: Fordham

text: Road

text: is

text: major

text: street

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: borough

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: that

text: runs

text: east

text: west

text: from

text: the

text: Harlem

text: River

text: to

text: Bronx

text: Park

text: Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the city's historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1, 1683, as one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York. The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the East, Hudson, and Harlem rivers, and also includes several small adjacent islands and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood on the U.S. mainland.

text: Manhattan

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: borough

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: its

text: economic

text: and

text: administrative

text: center

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: historical

text: birthplace

text: The

text: borough

text: is

text: coextensive

text: with

text: New

text: York

text: County

text: founded

text: on

text: November

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: counties

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: The

text: borough

text: consists

text: mostly

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: Island

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: East

text: Hudson

text: and

text: Harlem

text: rivers

text: and

text: also

text: includes

text: several

text: small

text: adjacent

text: islands

text: and

text: Marble

text: Hill

text: small

text: neighborhood

text: on

text: the

text: U.S.

text: mainland

text: The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is a public benefit corporation responsible for public transportation in the U.S. state of New York, serving 12 counties in Downstate New York, along with two counties in southwestern Connecticut under contract to the Connecticut Department of Transportation, carrying over 11 million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 800,000 vehicles on its seven toll bridges and two tunnels per weekday. MTA is the largest public transit authority in the United States.

text: The

text: Metropolitan

text: Transportation

text: Authority

text: MTA

text: is

text: public

text: benefit

text: corporation

text: responsible

text: for

text: public

text: transportation

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: serving

text: counties

text: in

text: Downstate

text: New

text: York

text: along

text: with

text: two

text: counties

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Connecticut

text: under

text: contract

text: to

text: the

text: Connecticut

text: Department

text: of

text: Transportation

text: carrying

text: over

text: million

text: passengers

text: on

text: an

text: average

text: weekday

text: systemwide

text: and

text: over

text: vehicles

text: on

text: its

text: seven

text: toll

text: bridges

text: and

text: two

text: tunnels

text: per

text: weekday

text: MTA

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: public

text: transit

text: authority

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Harlem is a large neighborhood in the northern section of the New York City borough of Manhattan. Since the 1920s, Harlem has been known as a major African-American residential, cultural and business center. Originally a Dutch village, formally organized in 1658, it is named after the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands. Harlem's history has been defined by a series of economic boom-and-bust cycles, with significant population shifts accompanying each cycle.

text: Harlem

text: is

text: large

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: borough

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: Since

text: the

text: Harlem

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: as

text: major

text: African

text: American

text: residential

text: cultural

text: and

text: business

text: center

text: Originally

text: Dutch

text: village

text: formally

text: organized

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Haarlem

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Harlem

text: 's

text: history

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: by

text: series

text: of

text: economic

text: boom

text: and

text: bust

text: cycles

text: with

text: significant

text: population

text: shifts

text: accompanying

text: each

text: cycle

text: Headquarters (HQ) denotes the location where most, if not all, of the important functions of an organization are coordinated. In the United States, the corporate headquarters represents the entity at the center or the top of a corporation taking full responsibility for managing all business activities. In the UK, the term head office is most commonly used for the HQs of large corporations. The term is also used regarding military organizations.

text: Headquarters

text: HQ

text: denotes

text: the

text: location

text: where

text: most

text: if

text: not

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: important

text: functions

text: of

text: an

text: organization

text: are

text: coordinated

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: represents

text: the

text: entity

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: or

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: corporation

text: taking

text: full

text: responsibility

text: for

text: managing

text: all

text: business

text: activities

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: the

text: term

text: head

text: office

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: HQs

text: of

text: large

text: corporations

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: regarding

text: military

text: organizations

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity fordham road

answer: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx

text: the bronx


text: Chief constable is the rank used by the chief police officer of every territorial police force in the United Kingdom except for the City of London Police and the Metropolitan Police, as well as the chief officers of the three 'special' national police forces, the British Transport Police, Ministry of Defence Police, and Civil Nuclear Constabulary. The title is also held by the chief officers of the principal Crown Dependency police forces, the Isle of Man Constabulary, States of Guernsey Police Service, and States of Jersey Police. The title was also held, ex officio, by the president of the Association of Chief Police Officers under the Police Reform Act 2002. It was also the title of the chief officer of the Royal Parks Constabulary until this agency was disbanded in 2004.

text: Chief

text: constable

text: is

text: the

text: rank

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: chief

text: police

text: officer

text: of

text: every

text: territorial

text: police

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: except

text: for

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: Police

text: and

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Police

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: chief

text: officers

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: special

text: national

text: police

text: forces

text: the

text: British

text: Transport

text: Police

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: Police

text: and

text: Civil

text: Nuclear

text: Constabulary

text: The

text: title

text: is

text: also

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: chief

text: officers

text: of

text: the

text: principal

text: Crown

text: Dependency

text: police

text: forces

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: Constabulary

text: States

text: of

text: Guernsey

text: Police

text: Service

text: and

text: States

text: of

text: Jersey

text: Police

text: The

text: title

text: was

text: also

text: held

text: ex

text: officio

text: by

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: Chief

text: Police

text: Officers

text: under

text: the

text: Police

text: Reform

text: Act

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: chief

text: officer

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: Constabulary

text: until

text: this

text: agency

text: was

text: disbanded

text: in

text: Colonel Sir Arthur Edwin Young KBE CMG CVO OStJ KPM ( 15 February 1907 -- 20 January 1979 ) was a British police officer . He was Commissioner of Police of the City of London from 1950 to 1971 and was also the first head of the Royal Ulster Constabulary to be styled Chief Constable . Young was instrumental in the creation of the post of Chief Inspector of Constabulary . In the early 1950s , he played a crucial role in policing decolonisation in the British Empire . During the 1960s , he led the way in modernising British police recruitment and in improving the training of senior officers .

text: Colonel

text: Sir

text: Arthur

text: Edwin

text: Young

text: KBE

text: CMG

text: CVO

text: OStJ

text: KPM

text: February

text: January

text: was

text: British

text: police

text: officer

text: He

text: was

text: Commissioner

text: of

text: Police

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Ulster

text: Constabulary

text: to

text: be

text: styled

text: Chief

text: Constable

text: Young

text: was

text: instrumental

text: in

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: post

text: of

text: Chief

text: Inspector

text: of

text: Constabulary

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: he

text: played

text: crucial

text: role

text: in

text: policing

text: decolonisation

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: During

text: the

text: he

text: led

text: the

text: way

text: in

text: modernising

text: British

text: police

text: recruitment

text: and

text: in

text: improving

text: the

text: training

text: of

text: senior

text: officers

text: The London Assembly is an elected body, part of the Greater London Authority, that scrutinises the activities of the Mayor of London and has the power, with a two-thirds majority, to amend the Mayor's annual budget and to reject the Mayor's draft statutory strategies. The assembly was established in 2000 and meets at City Hall on the South Bank of the River Thames, close to Tower Bridge. The assembly is also able to investigate other issues of importance to Londoners (transport, environmental matters, etc.), publish its findings and recommendations, and make proposals to the Mayor.

text: The

text: London

text: Assembly

text: is

text: an

text: elected

text: body

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: London

text: Authority

text: that

text: scrutinises

text: the

text: activities

text: of

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: has

text: the

text: power

text: with

text: two

text: thirds

text: majority

text: to

text: amend

text: the

text: Mayor

text: 's

text: annual

text: budget

text: and

text: to

text: reject

text: the

text: Mayor

text: 's

text: draft

text: statutory

text: strategies

text: The

text: assembly

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: meets

text: at

text: City

text: Hall

text: on

text: the

text: South

text: Bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: close

text: to

text: Tower

text: Bridge

text: The

text: assembly

text: is

text: also

text: able

text: to

text: investigate

text: other

text: issues

text: of

text: importance

text: to

text: Londoners

text: transport

text: environmental

text: matters

text: etc

text: publish

text: its

text: findings

text: and

text: recommendations

text: and

text: make

text: proposals

text: to

text: the

text: Mayor

text: A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. Their powers include the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with police services of a sovereign state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. Police forces are often defined as being separate from military or other organizations involved in the defense of the state against foreign aggressors; however, gendarmerie are military units charged with civil policing.

text: police

text: force

text: is

text: constituted

text: body

text: of

text: persons

text: empowered

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: enforce

text: the

text: law

text: protect

text: property

text: and

text: limit

text: civil

text: disorder

text: Their

text: powers

text: include

text: the

text: legitimized

text: use

text: of

text: force

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: associated

text: with

text: police

text: services

text: of

text: sovereign

text: state

text: that

text: are

text: authorized

text: to

text: exercise

text: the

text: police

text: power

text: of

text: that

text: state

text: within

text: defined

text: legal

text: or

text: territorial

text: area

text: of

text: responsibility

text: Police

text: forces

text: are

text: often

text: defined

text: as

text: being

text: separate

text: from

text: military

text: or

text: other

text: organizations

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: defense

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: against

text: foreign

text: aggressors

text: however

text: gendarmerie

text: are

text: military

text: units

text: charged

text: with

text: civil

text: policing

text: Northern Ireland (; Ulster Scots: "") is a top-level constituent unit of the United Kingdom in the northeast of Ireland. It is variously described as a country, province, region, or "part" of the United Kingdom, amongst other terms. Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population. Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in some areas, and the Agreement granted the Republic the ability to "put forward views and proposals" with "determined efforts to resolve disagreements between the two governments".

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Ulster

text: Scots

text: is

text: top

text: level

text: constituent

text: unit

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: Ireland

text: It

text: is

text: variously

text: described

text: as

text: country

text: province

text: region

text: or

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: amongst

text: other

text: terms

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: shares

text: border

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: with

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: In

text: its

text: population

text: was

text: constituting

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: total

text: population

text: and

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: 's

text: population

text: Established

text: by

text: the

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Act

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Good

text: Friday

text: Agreement

text: the

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Assembly

text: holds

text: responsibility

text: for

text: range

text: of

text: devolved

text: policy

text: matters

text: while

text: other

text: areas

text: are

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: co

text: operates

text: with

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: in

text: some

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: Agreement

text: granted

text: the

text: Republic

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: put

text: forward

text: views

text: and

text: proposals

text: with

text: determined

text: efforts

text: to

text: resolve

text: disagreements

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: governments

text: Inspector is both a police rank and an administrative position, both used in a number of contexts. However, it is not an equivalent rank in each police force.

text: Inspector

text: is

text: both

text: police

text: rank

text: and

text: an

text: administrative

text: position

text: both

text: used

text: in

text: number

text: of

text: contexts

text: However

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: equivalent

text: rank

text: in

text: each

text: police

text: force

text: The George Cross (GC) is the second highest award of the United Kingdom honours system. It is awarded for gallantry "not in the face of the enemy" to members of the British armed forces and to British civilians. It has always been able to be awarded posthumously. It was previously awarded to Commonwealth countries, most of which have established their own honours systems and no longer recommend British honours. It may be awarded to a person of any military rank in any service and to civilians including police, emergency services and merchant seamen although no British civilian has received the award since 1976. Many of the awards have been personally presented by the British monarch to both recipients and in the case of posthumous awards to next of kin. These investitures are usually held at Buckingham Palace.

text: The

text: George

text: Cross

text: GC

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: award

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: honours

text: system

text: It

text: is

text: awarded

text: for

text: gallantry

text: not

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: enemy

text: to

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: armed

text: forces

text: and

text: to

text: British

text: civilians

text: It

text: has

text: always

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: be

text: awarded

text: posthumously

text: It

text: was

text: previously

text: awarded

text: to

text: Commonwealth

text: countries

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: established

text: their

text: own

text: honours

text: systems

text: and

text: no

text: longer

text: recommend

text: British

text: honours

text: It

text: may

text: be

text: awarded

text: to

text: person

text: of

text: any

text: military

text: rank

text: in

text: any

text: service

text: and

text: to

text: civilians

text: including

text: police

text: emergency

text: services

text: and

text: merchant

text: seamen

text: although

text: no

text: British

text: civilian

text: has

text: received

text: the

text: award

text: since

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: awards

text: have

text: been

text: personally

text: presented

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: monarch

text: to

text: both

text: recipients

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: posthumous

text: awards

text: to

text: next

text: of

text: kin

text: These

text: investitures

text: are

text: usually

text: held

text: at

text: Buckingham

text: Palace

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: or

text: Britain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: country

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: Lying

text: off

text: the

text: north

text: western

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: mainland

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: loosely

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: whole

text: country

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: many

text: smaller

text: islands

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: that

text: shares

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: another

text: sovereign

text: statethe

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Apart

text: from

text: this

text: land

text: border

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: to

text: its

text: south

text: south

text: west

text: giving

text: it

text: the

text: longest

text: coastline

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: lies

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Ireland

text: With

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Together

text: this

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, % of the world population at the time, and by 1920, it covered , % of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: comprised

text: the

text: dominions

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: mandates

text: and

text: other

text: territories

text: ruled

text: or

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: its

text: predecessor

text: states

text: It

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: and

text: trading

text: posts

text: established

text: by

text: England

text: between

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: for

text: over

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: By

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: held

text: sway

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: by

text: it

text: covered

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: As

text: result

text: its

text: political

text: legal

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: widespread

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: the

text: phrase

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: because

text: its

text: expanse

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: was

text: always

text: shining

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: territories

text: The Royal Ulster Constabulary was the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. Following the awarding of the George Cross in 2000, its formal title became the Royal Ulster Constabulary, GC. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC). At its peak the force had around 8,500 officers with a further 4,500 who were members of the RUC Reserve. During the Troubles, 319 members of the RUC were killed and almost 9,000 injured in paramilitary assassinations or attacks, mostly by the Provisional IRA, which made, by 1983, the RUC the most dangerous police force in the world in which to serve. In the same period, the RUC killed 55 people, 28 of whom were civilians.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Ulster

text: Constabulary

text: was

text: the

text: police

text: force

text: in

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: from

text: to

text: Following

text: the

text: awarding

text: of

text: the

text: George

text: Cross

text: in

text: its

text: formal

text: title

text: became

text: the

text: Royal

text: Ulster

text: Constabulary

text: GC

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: June

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Irish

text: Constabulary

text: RIC

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: the

text: force

text: had

text: around

text: officers

text: with

text: further

text: who

text: were

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: RUC

text: Reserve

text: During

text: the

text: Troubles

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: RUC

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: almost

text: injured

text: in

text: paramilitary

text: assassinations

text: or

text: attacks

text: mostly

text: by

text: the

text: Provisional

text: IRA

text: which

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: RUC

text: the

text: most

text: dangerous

text: police

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: which

text: to

text: serve

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: the

text: RUC

text: killed

text: people

text: of

text: whom

text: were

text: civilians

text: The Royal Parks Constabulary (RPC) was the police force formerly responsible for the Royal Parks in London and a number of other locations in Greater London, England and Edinburgh, Scotland. Unlike most other police forces operating in England and Wales, the Royal Parks Constabulary did not report to the Home Office, but instead to the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, who provided funding for it through the Royal Parks Agency.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: Constabulary

text: RPC

text: was

text: the

text: police

text: force

text: formerly

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: locations

text: in

text: Greater

text: London

text: England

text: and

text: Edinburgh

text: Scotland

text: Unlike

text: most

text: other

text: police

text: forces

text: operating

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: the

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: Constabulary

text: did

text: not

text: report

text: to

text: the

text: Home

text: Office

text: but

text: instead

text: to

text: the

text: Department

text: for

text: Culture

text: Media

text: and

text: Sport

text: who

text: provided

text: funding

text: for

text: it

text: through

text: the

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: Agency

text: A general officer is an officer of high rank in the army, and in some nations' air forces or marines.

text: general

text: officer

text: is

text: an

text: officer

text: of

text: high

text: rank

text: in

text: the

text: army

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: nations

text: air

text: forces

text: or

text: marines

text: The British Transport Police (BTP) is a special police force that polices railways and light-rail systems in England, Scotland and Wales, for which it has entered into an agreement to provide such services. 95% of the Force's funding comes from Britain's privatised train companies. British Transport Police officers do not have jurisdiction in Northern Ireland unless working under mutual aid arrangements for the Police Service of Northern Ireland in which case any duties performed on a railway will be merely incidental to working as a constable in Northern Ireland.

text: The

text: British

text: Transport

text: Police

text: BTP

text: is

text: special

text: police

text: force

text: that

text: polices

text: railways

text: and

text: light

text: rail

text: systems

text: in

text: England

text: Scotland

text: and

text: Wales

text: for

text: which

text: it

text: has

text: entered

text: into

text: an

text: agreement

text: to

text: provide

text: such

text: services

text: of

text: the

text: Force

text: 's

text: funding

text: comes

text: from

text: Britain

text: 's

text: privatised

text: train

text: companies

text: British

text: Transport

text: Police

text: officers

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: jurisdiction

text: in

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: unless

text: working

text: under

text: mutual

text: aid

text: arrangements

text: for

text: the

text: Police

text: Service

text: of

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: in

text: which

text: case

text: any

text: duties

text: performed

text: on

text: railway

text: will

text: be

text: merely

text: incidental

text: to

text: working

text: as

text: constable

text: in

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Metropolitan police are municipal police of major metropolitan areas. These forces provide all general police services and tend to be headed by a chief called a Commissioner or Sheriff.

text: Metropolitan

text: police

text: are

text: municipal

text: police

text: of

text: major

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: These

text: forces

text: provide

text: all

text: general

text: police

text: services

text: and

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: headed

text: by

text: chief

text: called

text: Commissioner

text: or

text: Sheriff

text: The Mayor of London is an elected politician who, along with the London Assembly of 25 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Greater London. The current mayor is Sadiq Khan, who took up office on 9 May 2016. The position had been held by Ken Livingstone from the creation of the role on 4 May 2000 until he was defeated in 2008 by Boris Johnson, who served two terms before being succeeded by Khan.

text: The

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: is

text: an

text: elected

text: politician

text: who

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: of

text: members

text: is

text: accountable

text: for

text: the

text: strategic

text: government

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: The

text: current

text: mayor

text: is

text: Sadiq

text: Khan

text: who

text: took

text: up

text: office

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: position

text: had

text: been

text: held

text: by

text: Ken

text: Livingstone

text: from

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: role

text: on

text: May

text: until

text: he

text: was

text: defeated

text: in

text: by

text: Boris

text: Johnson

text: who

text: served

text: two

text: terms

text: before

text: being

text: succeeded

text: by

text: Khan

text: A protectorate, in its inception adopted by modern international law, is a dependent territory that has been granted local autonomy and some independence while still retaining the suzerainty of a greater sovereign state. In exchange for this, the protectorate usually accepts specified obligations, which may vary greatly, depending on the real nature of their relationship. Therefore, a protectorate remains an autonomous part of a sovereign state. They are different from colonies as they have local rulers and people ruling over the territory and experience rare cases of immigration of settlers from the country it has suzerainty of. However, a state which remains under the protection of another state but still retains independence is known as a protected state and is different from protectorates.

text: protectorate

text: in

text: its

text: inception

text: adopted

text: by

text: modern

text: international

text: law

text: is

text: dependent

text: territory

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: granted

text: local

text: autonomy

text: and

text: some

text: independence

text: while

text: still

text: retaining

text: the

text: suzerainty

text: of

text: greater

text: sovereign

text: state

text: In

text: exchange

text: for

text: this

text: the

text: protectorate

text: usually

text: accepts

text: specified

text: obligations

text: which

text: may

text: vary

text: greatly

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: real

text: nature

text: of

text: their

text: relationship

text: Therefore

text: protectorate

text: remains

text: an

text: autonomous

text: part

text: of

text: sovereign

text: state

text: They

text: are

text: different

text: from

text: colonies

text: as

text: they

text: have

text: local

text: rulers

text: and

text: people

text: ruling

text: over

text: the

text: territory

text: and

text: experience

text: rare

text: cases

text: of

text: immigration

text: of

text: settlers

text: from

text: the

text: country

text: it

text: has

text: suzerainty

text: of

text: However

text: state

text: which

text: remains

text: under

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: another

text: state

text: but

text: still

text: retains

text: independence

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: protected

text: state

text: and

text: is

text: different

text: from

text: protectorates

text: Colonel (abbreviated Col., Col or COL and pronounced , similar to "kernel") is a senior military officer rank below the general officer ranks. However, in some small military forces, such as those of Iceland or the Vatican, colonel is the highest rank. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations.

text: Colonel

text: abbreviated

text: Col

text: Col

text: or

text: COL

text: and

text: pronounced

text: similar

text: to

text: kernel

text: is

text: senior

text: military

text: officer

text: rank

text: below

text: the

text: general

text: officer

text: ranks

text: However

text: in

text: some

text: small

text: military

text: forces

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: of

text: Iceland

text: or

text: the

text: Vatican

text: colonel

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: rank

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: in

text: some

text: police

text: forces

text: and

text: paramilitary

text: organizations

text: A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in criminal law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. A constable is commonly the rank of an officer within the police. Other persons may be granted powers of a constable without holding the title of constable.

text: constable

text: is

text: person

text: holding

text: particular

text: office

text: most

text: commonly

text: in

text: criminal

text: law

text: enforcement

text: The

text: office

text: of

text: constable

text: can

text: vary

text: significantly

text: in

text: different

text: jurisdictions

text: constable

text: is

text: commonly

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: an

text: officer

text: within

text: the

text: police

text: Other

text: persons

text: may

text: be

text: granted

text: powers

text: of

text: constable

text: without

text: holding

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: constable

text: Chief police officer is a phrase used in the United Kingdom to describe the position held by the most senior police officer in a police force. It refers to either one of the 53 Chief Constables, the Commissioner of the City of London Police or the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police. Such police officers are members of the Association of Chief Police Officers. The phrase is used in legislation when giving powers such as those to permit public processions, or grant firearms licenses. Some such activities can usually be delegated to any constable.

text: Chief

text: police

text: officer

text: is

text: phrase

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: position

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: most

text: senior

text: police

text: officer

text: in

text: police

text: force

text: It

text: refers

text: to

text: either

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Chief

text: Constables

text: the

text: Commissioner

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: Police

text: or

text: the

text: Commissioner

text: of

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Police

text: Such

text: police

text: officers

text: are

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: Chief

text: Police

text: Officers

text: The

text: phrase

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: legislation

text: when

text: giving

text: powers

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: to

text: permit

text: public

text: processions

text: or

text: grant

text: firearms

text: licenses

text: Some

text: such

text: activities

text: can

text: usually

text: be

text: delegated

text: to

text: any

text: constable

candidates: commissioner of the city of london police

question: position_held arthur young

answer: commissioner of the city of london police

text: commissioner of the city of london police


text: Ishmael Bernal (30 September 1938  2 June 1996) was a Filipino film, stage and television director, actor and screenwriter. Noted for his melodramas, particularly with feminist and moral issues, he directed many landmark Filipino films such as "Nunal sa Tubig" (1975), "City After Dark" (1980), "Relasyon" (1982), "Himala" (1982), and "Hinugot sa Langit" (1985). He was declared a National Artist of the Philippines in 2001.

text: Ishmael

text: Bernal

text: September

text: June

text: was

text: Filipino

text: film

text: stage

text: and

text: television

text: director

text: actor

text: and

text: screenwriter

text: Noted

text: for

text: his

text: melodramas

text: particularly

text: with

text: feminist

text: and

text: moral

text: issues

text: he

text: directed

text: many

text: landmark

text: Filipino

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: Nunal

text: sa

text: Tubig

text: City

text: After

text: Dark

text: Relasyon

text: Himala

text: and

text: Hinugot

text: sa

text: Langit

text: He

text: was

text: declared

text: National

text: Artist

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: in

text: Regina Alatiit, also known as Gina Alajar (born June 29, 1958) is a FAMAS and Gaward Urian Award winning Filipino film actress and television director.

text: Regina

text: Alatiit

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Gina

text: Alajar

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: FAMAS

text: and

text: Gaward

text: Urian

text: Award

text: winning

text: Filipino

text: film

text: actress

text: and

text: television

text: director

text: Manila By Night also known as City After Dark is a 1980 Filipino Gawad Urian Award winning drama film directed by critically acclaimed director Ishmael Bernal and starred Gina Alajar and Charito Solis. Released at the height of the Marcos regime, the film uncovers the other face of Manila by depicting the ugly aspects of life in the city - unemployment, prostitution, drug addiction, and lack of decent housing. Considered as one of Bernal's masterpieces, it is an epic multi-narrative of people who have shady pasts and are trying to exist in an unforgiving world.

text: Manila

text: By

text: Night

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: City

text: After

text: Dark

text: is

text: Filipino

text: Gawad

text: Urian

text: Award

text: winning

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: critically

text: acclaimed

text: director

text: Ishmael

text: Bernal

text: and

text: starred

text: Gina

text: Alajar

text: and

text: Charito

text: Solis

text: Released

text: at

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: the

text: Marcos

text: regime

text: the

text: film

text: uncovers

text: the

text: other

text: face

text: of

text: Manila

text: by

text: depicting

text: the

text: ugly

text: aspects

text: of

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: unemployment

text: prostitution

text: drug

text: addiction

text: and

text: lack

text: of

text: decent

text: housing

text: Considered

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: Bernal

text: 's

text: masterpieces

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: epic

text: multi

text: narrative

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: have

text: shady

text: pasts

text: and

text: are

text: trying

text: to

text: exist

text: in

text: an

text: unforgiving

text: world

text: Manila is an independently produced twinbill film that pays homage to Lino Brocka 's Jaguar and Ishmael Bernal 's Manila By Night . Piolo Pascual co-produced and starred in both episodes .

text: Manila

text: is

text: an

text: independently

text: produced

text: twinbill

text: film

text: that

text: pays

text: homage

text: to

text: Lino

text: Brocka

text: 's

text: Jaguar

text: and

text: Ishmael

text: Bernal

text: 's

text: Manila

text: By

text: Night

text: Piolo

text: Pascual

text: co

text: produced

text: and

text: starred

text: in

text: both

text: episodes

text: Himala ("Miracle") is a 1982 Filipino drama film directed by Ishmael Bernal and produced by the Experimental Cinema of the Philippines. The film's script was written by Ricky Lee based on the story of a teenage girl on Cabra Island in the province of Occidental Mindoro between 1966 and 1967.

text: Himala

text: Miracle

text: is

text: Filipino

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Ishmael

text: Bernal

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: Experimental

text: Cinema

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: The

text: film

text: 's

text: script

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Ricky

text: Lee

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: story

text: of

text: teenage

text: girl

text: on

text: Cabra

text: Island

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Occidental

text: Mindoro

text: between

text: and

text: National Artists of the Philippines (Filipino: Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas) is an order bestowed by the Philippines on Filipinos who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art. Originally instituted as an Award, it was elevated to the status of Order in 2003.

text: National

text: Artists

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Filipino

text: Pambansang

text: Alagad

text: ng

text: Sining

text: ng

text: Pilipinas

text: is

text: an

text: order

text: bestowed

text: by

text: the

text: Philippines

text: on

text: Filipinos

text: who

text: have

text: made

text: significant

text: contributions

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Philippine

text: art

text: Originally

text: instituted

text: as

text: an

text: Award

text: it

text: was

text: elevated

text: to

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: Order

text: in

text: The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. Bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest, the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Vietnam to the west, Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south.

text: The

text: Philippines

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: is

text: sovereign

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: about

text: islands

text: that

text: are

text: categorized

text: broadly

text: under

text: three

text: main

text: geographical

text: divisions

text: from

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: Luzon

text: Visayas

text: and

text: Mindanao

text: The

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: is

text: Manila

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Quezon

text: City

text: both

text: part

text: of

text: Metro

text: Manila

text: Bounded

text: by

text: the

text: South

text: China

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Philippine

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Celebes

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: the

text: Philippines

text: shares

text: maritime

text: borders

text: with

text: Taiwan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Vietnam

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Palau

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Malaysia

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Rosario Violeta Solís Hernández, better known as Charito Solis (October 6, 1935  February 9, 1999) was a FAMAS and Gawad Urian award-winning Filipino film actress.

text: Rosario

text: Violeta

text: Solís

text: Hernández

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: Charito

text: Solis

text: October

text: February

text: was

text: FAMAS

text: and

text: Gawad

text: Urian

text: award

text: winning

text: Filipino

text: film

text: actress

text: Piolo Jose Nonato Pascual (born January 12, 1977) is a Filipino film and television actor, musician, model, and producer.

text: Piolo

text: Jose

text: Nonato

text: Pascual

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: Filipino

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: actor

text: musician

text: model

text: and

text: producer

text: A moral (from Latin "morlis") is a message conveyed or a lesson to be learned from a story or event. The moral may be left to the hearer, reader or viewer to determine for themselves, or may be explicitly encapsulated in a maxim.

text: moral

text: from

text: Latin

text: morlis

text: is

text: message

text: conveyed

text: or

text: lesson

text: to

text: be

text: learned

text: from

text: story

text: or

text: event

text: The

text: moral

text: may

text: be

text: left

text: to

text: the

text: hearer

text: reader

text: or

text: viewer

text: to

text: determine

text: for

text: themselves

text: or

text: may

text: be

text: explicitly

text: encapsulated

text: in

text: maxim

text: The Gawad Urian Awards are annual film awards in the Philippines held since 1977. It is given by the Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino (the Filipino Film Critics) and is currently regarded as the counterpart of the United States' New York Film Critics Circle. Due to its credible choices of winners, it is considered the most prestigious film awards in the Philippines.

text: The

text: Gawad

text: Urian

text: Awards

text: are

text: annual

text: film

text: awards

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: held

text: since

text: It

text: is

text: given

text: by

text: the

text: Manunuri

text: ng

text: Pelikulang

text: Pilipino

text: the

text: Filipino

text: Film

text: Critics

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: counterpart

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: New

text: York

text: Film

text: Critics

text: Circle

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: credible

text: choices

text: of

text: winners

text: it

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: most

text: prestigious

text: film

text: awards

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Hinugot sa Langit (lit. "Snatched from Heaven") is a 1985 Gawad Urian Award winning Filipino melodramatic film directed by Ishmael Bernal based on moral values. It is considered a classic in Filipino cinema and picked up four Gawad Urian Awards. It is about an unwanted pregnancy and issues with abortion and the church.

text: Hinugot

text: sa

text: Langit

text: lit

text: Snatched

text: from

text: Heaven

text: is

text: Gawad

text: Urian

text: Award

text: winning

text: Filipino

text: melodramatic

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Ishmael

text: Bernal

text: based

text: on

text: moral

text: values

text: It

text: is

text: considered

text: classic

text: in

text: Filipino

text: cinema

text: and

text: picked

text: up

text: four

text: Gawad

text: Urian

text: Awards

text: It

text: is

text: about

text: an

text: unwanted

text: pregnancy

text: and

text: issues

text: with

text: abortion

text: and

text: the

text: church

text: Catalino Ortiz Brocka (April 3, 1939  May 22, 1991) was a Filipino film director. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential and significant Filipino filmmakers in the history of Philippine cinema. In 1983, he founded the organization Concerned Artists of the Philippines (CAP), dedicated to helping artists address issues confronting the country.

text: Catalino

text: Ortiz

text: Brocka

text: April

text: May

text: was

text: Filipino

text: film

text: director

text: He

text: is

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: and

text: significant

text: Filipino

text: filmmakers

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Philippine

text: cinema

text: In

text: he

text: founded

text: the

text: organization

text: Concerned

text: Artists

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: CAP

text: dedicated

text: to

text: helping

text: artists

text: address

text: issues

text: confronting

text: the

text: country

annotations: likely multiple

question: original_language_of_work manila

answer: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino

text: filipino