text: Rachel Anne Notley (born April 17, 1964) is a Canadian politician and the 17th and current Premier of Alberta, since 2015. She is a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta for Edmonton-Strathcona, and leader of the Alberta New Democratic Party. The daughter of former Alberta NDP leader Grant Notley, Notley's career before politics focused on labour law, with a specialty in workers' compensation advocacy and workplace health and safety issues.

text: Rachel

text: Anne

text: Notley

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: Canadian

text: politician

text: and

text: the

text: and

text: current

text: Premier

text: of

text: Alberta

text: since

text: She

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: of

text: Alberta

text: for

text: Edmonton

text: Strathcona

text: and

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Alberta

text: New

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: The

text: daughter

text: of

text: former

text: Alberta

text: NDP

text: leader

text: Grant

text: Notley

text: Notley

text: 's

text: career

text: before

text: politics

text: focused

text: on

text: labour

text: law

text: with

text: specialty

text: in

text: workers

text: compensation

text: advocacy

text: and

text: workplace

text: health

text: and

text: safety

text: issues

text: Winnipeg is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers.

text: Winnipeg

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: in

text: Canada

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: longitudinal

text: centre

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: at

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Red

text: and

text: Assiniboine

text: Rivers

text: Alberta is a western province of Canada. With an estimated population of 4,196,457 as of July 1, 2015, it is Canada's fourth-most populous province and the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces. Its area is about . Alberta and its neighbour Saskatchewan were districts of the Northwest Territories until they were established as provinces on September 1, 1905. The premier has been Rachel Notley since May 2015.

text: Alberta

text: is

text: western

text: province

text: of

text: Canada

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: July

text: it

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: Canada

text: 's

text: three

text: prairie

text: provinces

text: Its

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: Alberta

text: and

text: its

text: neighbour

text: Saskatchewan

text: were

text: districts

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: until

text: they

text: were

text: established

text: as

text: provinces

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: premier

text: has

text: been

text: Rachel

text: Notley

text: since

text: May

text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: Alexander Duncan McEachern ( born September 27 , 1939 ) is a former provincial level politician from Alberta , Canada . He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1986 to 1993 .

text: Alexander

text: Duncan

text: McEachern

text: born

text: September

text: is

text: former

text: provincial

text: level

text: politician

text: from

text: Alberta

text: Canada

text: He

text: served

text: as

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: of

text: Alberta

text: from

text: to

text: FOREST (short for "Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco") is a United Kingdom political pressure group which campaigns against tobacco control activity.

text: FOREST

text: short

text: for

text: Freedom

text: Organisation

text: for

text: the

text: Right

text: to

text: Enjoy

text: Smoking

text: Tobacco

text: is

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: political

text: pressure

text: group

text: which

text: campaigns

text: against

text: tobacco

text: control

text: activity

question: member_of_political_party alex mceachern

answer: alberta new democratic party

text: alberta new democratic party


text: CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).

text: CBS

text: an

text: initialism

text: of

text: the

text: network

text: 's

text: former

text: name

text: the

text: Columbia

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: commercial

text: broadcast

text: television

text: network

text: that

text: is

text: flagship

text: property

text: of

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: headquartered

text: at

text: the

text: CBS

text: Building

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: with

text: major

text: production

text: facilities

text: and

text: operations

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: at

text: the

text: CBS

text: Broadcast

text: Center

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: at

text: CBS

text: Television

text: City

text: and

text: the

text: CBS

text: Studio

text: Center

text: The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the world's second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue, after Comcast. Disney was founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production, television, and theme parks. The company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio, then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its existing operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing, and online media.

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Disney

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: diversified

text: multinational

text: mass

text: media

text: and

text: entertainment

text: conglomerate

text: headquartered

text: at

text: the

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Studios

text: in

text: Burbank

text: California

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: after

text: Comcast

text: Disney

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: October

text: by

text: brothers

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: and

text: Roy

text: Disney

text: as

text: the

text: Disney

text: Brothers

text: Cartoon

text: Studio

text: and

text: established

text: itself

text: as

text: leader

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: animation

text: industry

text: before

text: diversifying

text: into

text: live

text: action

text: film

text: production

text: television

text: and

text: theme

text: parks

text: The

text: company

text: also

text: operated

text: under

text: the

text: names

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Studio

text: then

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Productions

text: Taking

text: on

text: its

text: current

text: name

text: in

text: it

text: expanded

text: its

text: existing

text: operations

text: and

text: also

text: started

text: divisions

text: focused

text: upon

text: theater

text: radio

text: music

text: publishing

text: and

text: online

text: media

text: Gladys Louise Smith (April 8, 1892  May 29, 1979), known professionally as Mary Pickford, was a Canadian-American film actress, writer, director, and producer. She was a co-founder of the film studio United Artists and one of the original 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

text: Gladys

text: Louise

text: Smith

text: April

text: May

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Mary

text: Pickford

text: was

text: Canadian

text: American

text: film

text: actress

text: writer

text: director

text: and

text: producer

text: She

text: was

text: co

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: studio

text: United

text: Artists

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: founders

text: of

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Arts

text: and

text: Sciences

text: Marvel Entertainment, LLC (formerly Marvel Enterprises and Toy Biz, Inc. and marketed and stylized as MARVEL) is an American entertainment company founded in June 1998, merging Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc. and ToyBiz. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, and is mainly known for its Marvel Comics, Marvel Animation and Marvel Television units. Marvel Studios, formerly under the "Marvel" umbrella, became a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios, where it develops and produces a shared universe that shares continuity with shows produced by the television unit.

text: Marvel

text: Entertainment

text: LLC

text: formerly

text: Marvel

text: Enterprises

text: and

text: Toy

text: Biz

text: Inc.

text: and

text: marketed

text: and

text: stylized

text: as

text: MARVEL

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: entertainment

text: company

text: founded

text: in

text: June

text: merging

text: Marvel

text: Entertainment

text: Group

text: Inc.

text: and

text: ToyBiz

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: and

text: is

text: mainly

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: Marvel

text: Comics

text: Marvel

text: Animation

text: and

text: Marvel

text: Television

text: units

text: Marvel

text: Studios

text: formerly

text: under

text: the

text: Marvel

text: umbrella

text: became

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Studios

text: where

text: it

text: develops

text: and

text: produces

text: shared

text: universe

text: that

text: shares

text: continuity

text: with

text: shows

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: television

text: unit

text: Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, (16 April 1889  25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame during the era of silent film. Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his screen persona "the Tramp" and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy.

text: Sir

text: Charles

text: Spencer

text: Charlie

text: Chaplin

text: April

text: December

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: comic

text: actor

text: filmmaker

text: and

text: composer

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: fame

text: during

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: silent

text: film

text: Chaplin

text: became

text: worldwide

text: icon

text: through

text: his

text: screen

text: persona

text: the

text: Tramp

text: and

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: industry

text: His

text: career

text: spanned

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: from

text: childhood

text: in

text: the

text: Victorian

text: era

text: until

text: year

text: before

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: and

text: encompassed

text: both

text: adulation

text: and

text: controversy

text: Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, northwest of downtown Los Angeles. The population at the 2010 census was 103,340.

text: Burbank

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: in

text: Southern

text: California

text: United

text: States

text: northwest

text: of

text: downtown

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: The

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: was

text: Theodor Seuss Geisel (; March 2, 1904  September 24, 1991) was an American writer, cartoonist, animator, book publisher, and artist best known for authoring children's books under the pen name Dr. Seuss. His work includes several of the most popular children's books of all time, selling over 600 million copies and being translated into more than 20 languages by the time of his death.

text: Theodor

text: Seuss

text: Geisel

text: March

text: September

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: writer

text: cartoonist

text: animator

text: book

text: publisher

text: and

text: artist

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: authoring

text: children

text: 's

text: books

text: under

text: the

text: pen

text: name

text: Dr.

text: Seuss

text: His

text: work

text: includes

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: children

text: 's

text: books

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: selling

text: over

text: million

text: copies

text: and

text: being

text: translated

text: into

text: more

text: than

text: languages

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: his

text: death

text: The Ant and the Aardvark is a series of 17 theatrical short cartoons produced at DePatie - Freleng Enterprises and released by United Artists from 1969 to 1971 .

text: The

text: Ant

text: and

text: the

text: Aardvark

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: theatrical

text: short

text: cartoons

text: produced

text: at

text: DePatie

text: Freleng

text: Enterprises

text: and

text: released

text: by

text: United

text: Artists

text: from

text: to

text: DePatie-Freleng Enterprises (also known as Mirisch-Geoffrey-DePatie Freleng Productions when involved with the Mirisch brothers and Geoffrey Productions; and DFE Films) was an American animation production company, active from 1963 to 1981. Based in Burbank, California, DFE produced theatrical cartoons, animated series, commercials, film title design sequences and television specials. Notable among these are "The Pink Panther" film titles and cartoon shorts, as well as the Dr. Seuss cartoon adaptations made for CBS and ABC. Most DFE productions are now owned by Marvel Entertainment (a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company), with some exceptions.

text: DePatie

text: Freleng

text: Enterprises

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Mirisch

text: Geoffrey

text: DePatie

text: Freleng

text: Productions

text: when

text: involved

text: with

text: the

text: Mirisch

text: brothers

text: and

text: Geoffrey

text: Productions

text: and

text: DFE

text: Films

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: animation

text: production

text: company

text: active

text: from

text: to

text: Based

text: in

text: Burbank

text: California

text: DFE

text: produced

text: theatrical

text: cartoons

text: animated

text: series

text: commercials

text: film

text: title

text: design

text: sequences

text: and

text: television

text: specials

text: Notable

text: among

text: these

text: are

text: The

text: Pink

text: Panther

text: film

text: titles

text: and

text: cartoon

text: shorts

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Dr.

text: Seuss

text: cartoon

text: adaptations

text: made

text: for

text: CBS

text: and

text: ABC

text: Most

text: DFE

text: productions

text: are

text: now

text: owned

text: by

text: Marvel

text: Entertainment

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: with

text: some

text: exceptions

text: United Artists (UA) is an American film and television entertainment studio. The studio was founded in 1919 by D. W. Griffith, Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks with the intention of controlling their own interests rather than depending upon commercial studios. The studio was repeatedly bought, sold and restructured over the ensuing century.

text: United

text: Artists

text: UA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: entertainment

text: studio

text: The

text: studio

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Griffith

text: Charlie

text: Chaplin

text: Mary

text: Pickford

text: and

text: Douglas

text: Fairbanks

text: with

text: the

text: intention

text: of

text: controlling

text: their

text: own

text: interests

text: rather

text: than

text: depending

text: upon

text: commercial

text: studios

text: The

text: studio

text: was

text: repeatedly

text: bought

text: sold

text: and

text: restructured

text: over

text: the

text: ensuing

text: century

text: The Pink Panther is a series of comedy-mystery films featuring an inept French police detective, Inspector Jacques Clouseau. The series began with the release of "The Pink Panther" (1963). The role of Clouseau was originated by, and is most closely associated with, Peter Sellers. Most of the films were directed and co-written by Blake Edwards, with theme music composed by Henry Mancini. Elements and characters inspired by the films were adapted into other media, including books, comic books and animated series.

text: The

text: Pink

text: Panther

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: comedy

text: mystery

text: films

text: featuring

text: an

text: inept

text: French

text: police

text: detective

text: Inspector

text: Jacques

text: Clouseau

text: The

text: series

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: The

text: Pink

text: Panther

text: The

text: role

text: of

text: Clouseau

text: was

text: originated

text: by

text: and

text: is

text: most

text: closely

text: associated

text: with

text: Peter

text: Sellers

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: films

text: were

text: directed

text: and

text: co

text: written

text: by

text: Blake

text: Edwards

text: with

text: theme

text: music

text: composed

text: by

text: Henry

text: Mancini

text: Elements

text: and

text: characters

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: films

text: were

text: adapted

text: into

text: other

text: media

text: including

text: books

text: comic

text: books

text: and

text: animated

text: series

question: instance_of the ant and the aardvark

answer: animated series

text: animated series

text: animated series


text: Sakuma Nobumori (   , also Dewa no Suke (  ) and Uemon no Jo (  ) , 1528 -- February 18 , 1582 ) was a retainer for the Oda clan . Nobumori 's banishment by Oda Nobunaga to Mount Koyasan has widely been regarded as symbolic of Nobunaga 's ruthlessness against even his longest - serving retainers , highlighting the leader 's shortcomings as a military commander .

text: Sakuma

text: Nobumori

text: also

text: Dewa

text: no

text: Suke

text: and

text: Uemon

text: no

text: Jo

text: February

text: was

text: retainer

text: for

text: the

text: Oda

text: clan

text: Nobumori

text: 's

text: banishment

text: by

text: Oda

text: Nobunaga

text: to

text: Mount

text: Koyasan

text: has

text: widely

text: been

text: regarded

text: as

text: symbolic

text: of

text: Nobunaga

text: 's

text: ruthlessness

text: against

text: even

text: his

text: longest

text: serving

text: retainers

text: highlighting

text: the

text: leader

text: 's

text: shortcomings

text: as

text: military

text: commander

text: The refers to the forced suicide on June 21, 1582, of Japanese daimy Oda Nobunaga at the hands of his samurai general Akechi Mitsuhide. This occurred in Honn-ji, a temple in Kyoto, ending Nobunaga's quest to consolidate centralized power in Japan under his authority.

text: The

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: forced

text: suicide

text: on

text: June

text: of

text: Japanese

text: daimy

text: Oda

text: Nobunaga

text: at

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: his

text: samurai

text: general

text: Akechi

text: Mitsuhide

text: This

text: occurred

text: in

text: Honn

text: ji

text: temple

text: in

text: Kyoto

text: ending

text: Nobunaga

text: 's

text: quest

text: to

text: consolidate

text: centralized

text: power

text: in

text: Japan

text: under

text: his

text: authority

text: , first called Jbei from his clan and later from his title, was a samurai and general who lived during the Sengoku period of Feudal Japan. His full name was thus Akechi Jbei Minamoto-no-Mitsuhide (  ).

text: first

text: called

text: Jbei

text: from

text: his

text: clan

text: and

text: later

text: from

text: his

text: title

text: was

text: samurai

text: and

text: general

text: who

text: lived

text: during

text: the

text: Sengoku

text: period

text: of

text: Feudal

text: Japan

text: His

text: full

text: name

text: was

text: thus

text: Akechi

text: Jbei

text: Minamoto

text: no

text: Mitsuhide

text:
Historical context.
The goal of national unification and a return to the comparative political stability of the earlier Muromachi period was widely shared by the multitude of autonomous "daimys" during the Sengoku period. Oda Nobunaga was the first for whom this goal seemed attainable. Nobunaga had gained control over most of Honshu (see map below) before his death during the 1582 Honn-ji incident, a coup attempt executed by Nobunaga's vassal, Akechi Mitsuhide. It is not certain whether Nobunaga was killed in the attack or else committed seppuku. The motivations behind Mitsuhide's betrayal was never revealed to anyone who survived the incident, and has been a subject of debate and conjecture ever since the incident.

text: Historical

text: context

text: The

text: goal

text: of

text: national

text: unification

text: and

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: comparative

text: political

text: stability

text: of

text: the

text: earlier

text: Muromachi

text: period

text: was

text: widely

text: shared

text: by

text: the

text: multitude

text: of

text: autonomous

text: daimys

text: during

text: the

text: Sengoku

text: period

text: Oda

text: Nobunaga

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: for

text: whom

text: this

text: goal

text: seemed

text: attainable

text: Nobunaga

text: had

text: gained

text: control

text: over

text: most

text: of

text: Honshu

text: see

text: map

text: below

text: before

text: his

text: death

text: during

text: the

text: Honn

text: ji

text: incident

text: coup

text: attempt

text: executed

text: by

text: Nobunaga

text: 's

text: vassal

text: Akechi

text: Mitsuhide

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: certain

text: whether

text: Nobunaga

text: was

text: killed

text: in

text: the

text: attack

text: or

text: else

text: committed

text: seppuku

text: The

text: motivations

text: behind

text: Mitsuhide

text: 's

text: betrayal

text: was

text: never

text: revealed

text: to

text: anyone

text: who

text: survived

text: the

text: incident

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: subject

text: of

text: debate

text: and

text: conjecture

text: ever

text: since

text: the

text: incident

text: The is a period in Japanese history marked by social upheaval, political intrigue and near-constant military conflict. Japanese historians named it after the otherwise unrelated Warring States period in China. It came to an end when all political power was unified under the Tokugawa shogunate.

text: The

text: is

text: period

text: in

text: Japanese

text: history

text: marked

text: by

text: social

text: upheaval

text: political

text: intrigue

text: and

text: near

text: constant

text: military

text: conflict

text: Japanese

text: historians

text: named

text: it

text: after

text: the

text: otherwise

text: unrelated

text: Warring

text: States

text: period

text: in

text: China

text: It

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: when

text: all

text: political

text: power

text: was

text: unified

text: under

text: the

text: Tokugawa

text: shogunate

annotations: follows single

question: occupation sakuma nobumori

answer: samurai

text: samurai

text: samurai


text: Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a scientific discipline concerned with analyzing the principles of learning theory and systematically applying this technology to change behavior of social significance. It is the applied form of behavior analysis; the other two forms are radical behaviorism (or the philosophy of the science) and the experimental analysis of behavior (or experimental research).

text: Applied

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: ABA

text: is

text: scientific

text: discipline

text: concerned

text: with

text: analyzing

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: learning

text: theory

text: and

text: systematically

text: applying

text: this

text: technology

text: to

text: change

text: behavior

text: of

text: social

text: significance

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: applied

text: form

text: of

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: forms

text: are

text: radical

text: behaviorism

text: or

text: the

text: philosophy

text: of

text: the

text: science

text: and

text: the

text: experimental

text: analysis

text: of

text: behavior

text: or

text: experimental

text: research

text: The experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) is school of thought in psychology founded on B. F. Skinner's philosophy of radical behaviorism and defines the basic principles used in applied behavior analysis (ABA). A central principle was the inductive, data-driven examination of functional relations, as opposed to the kinds of hypothetico-deductive learning theory that had grown up in the comparative psychology of the 19201950 period. Skinner's approach was characterized by empirical observation of measurable behavior which could be predicted and controlled. It owed its early success to the effectiveness of Skinner's procedures of operant conditioning, both in the laboratory and in behavior therapy.

text: The

text: experimental

text: analysis

text: of

text: behavior

text: EAB

text: is

text: school

text: of

text: thought

text: in

text: psychology

text: founded

text: on

text: Skinner

text: 's

text: philosophy

text: of

text: radical

text: behaviorism

text: and

text: defines

text: the

text: basic

text: principles

text: used

text: in

text: applied

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: ABA

text: central

text: principle

text: was

text: the

text: inductive

text: data

text: driven

text: examination

text: of

text: functional

text: relations

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: kinds

text: of

text: hypothetico

text: deductive

text: learning

text: theory

text: that

text: had

text: grown

text: up

text: in

text: the

text: comparative

text: psychology

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: Skinner

text: 's

text: approach

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: empirical

text: observation

text: of

text: measurable

text: behavior

text: which

text: could

text: be

text: predicted

text: and

text: controlled

text: It

text: owed

text: its

text: early

text: success

text: to

text: the

text: effectiveness

text: of

text: Skinner

text: 's

text: procedures

text: of

text: operant

text: conditioning

text: both

text: in

text: the

text: laboratory

text: and

text: in

text: behavior

text: therapy

text:
Psychology is the study of behavior and mind, embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience as well as thought. It is an academic discipline and a social science which seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases. In this field, a professional or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors.
Psychologists explore behavior and mental processes, including perception, cognition, attention, emotion (affect), intelligence, phenomenology, motivation (conation), brain functioning, and personality. This extends to interaction between people, such as interpersonal relationships, including psychological resilience, family resilience, and other areas. Psychologists of diverse orientations also consider the unconscious mind. Psychologists employ empirical methods to infer causal and correlational relationships between psychosocial variables. In addition, or in opposition, to employing empirical and deductive methods, someespecially clinical and counseling psychologistsat times rely upon symbolic interpretation and other inductive techniques. Psychology has been described as a "hub science", with psychological findings linking to research and perspectives from the social sciences, natural sciences, medicine, humanities, and philosophy.
While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment and treatment of mental health problems, it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in several spheres of human activity. By many accounts psychology ultimately aims to benefit society. The majority of psychologists are involved in some kind of therapeutic role, practicing in clinical, counseling, or school settings. Many do scientific research on a wide range of topics related to mental processes and behavior, and typically work in university psychology departments or teach in other academic settings (e.g., medical schools, hospitals). Some are employed in industrial and organizational settings, or in other areas such as human development and aging, sports, health, and the media, as well as in forensic investigation and other aspects of law.

text: Psychology

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: behavior

text: and

text: mind

text: embracing

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: conscious

text: and

text: unconscious

text: experience

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: thought

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: academic

text: discipline

text: and

text: social

text: science

text: which

text: seeks

text: to

text: understand

text: individuals

text: and

text: groups

text: by

text: establishing

text: general

text: principles

text: and

text: researching

text: specific

text: cases

text: In

text: this

text: field

text: professional

text: or

text: researcher

text: is

text: called

text: psychologist

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: classified

text: as

text: social

text: behavioral

text: or

text: cognitive

text: scientist

text: Psychologists

text: attempt

text: to

text: understand

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: mental

text: functions

text: in

text: individual

text: and

text: social

text: behavior

text: while

text: also

text: exploring

text: the

text: physiological

text: and

text: biological

text: processes

text: that

text: underlie

text: cognitive

text: functions

text: and

text: behaviors

text: Psychologists

text: explore

text: behavior

text: and

text: mental

text: processes

text: including

text: perception

text: cognition

text: attention

text: emotion

text: affect

text: intelligence

text: phenomenology

text: motivation

text: conation

text: brain

text: functioning

text: and

text: personality

text: This

text: extends

text: to

text: interaction

text: between

text: people

text: such

text: as

text: interpersonal

text: relationships

text: including

text: psychological

text: resilience

text: family

text: resilience

text: and

text: other

text: areas

text: Psychologists

text: of

text: diverse

text: orientations

text: also

text: consider

text: the

text: unconscious

text: mind

text: Psychologists

text: employ

text: empirical

text: methods

text: to

text: infer

text: causal

text: and

text: correlational

text: relationships

text: between

text: psychosocial

text: variables

text: In

text: addition

text: or

text: in

text: opposition

text: to

text: employing

text: empirical

text: and

text: deductive

text: methods

text: someespecially

text: clinical

text: and

text: counseling

text: psychologistsat

text: times

text: rely

text: upon

text: symbolic

text: interpretation

text: and

text: other

text: inductive

text: techniques

text: Psychology

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: hub

text: science

text: with

text: psychological

text: findings

text: linking

text: to

text: research

text: and

text: perspectives

text: from

text: the

text: social

text: sciences

text: natural

text: sciences

text: medicine

text: humanities

text: and

text: philosophy

text: While

text: psychological

text: knowledge

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: assessment

text: and

text: treatment

text: of

text: mental

text: health

text: problems

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: directed

text: towards

text: understanding

text: and

text: solving

text: problems

text: in

text: several

text: spheres

text: of

text: human

text: activity

text: By

text: many

text: accounts

text: psychology

text: ultimately

text: aims

text: to

text: benefit

text: society

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: psychologists

text: are

text: involved

text: in

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: therapeutic

text: role

text: practicing

text: in

text: clinical

text: counseling

text: or

text: school

text: settings

text: Many

text: do

text: scientific

text: research

text: on

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: topics

text: related

text: to

text: mental

text: processes

text: and

text: behavior

text: and

text: typically

text: work

text: in

text: university

text: psychology

text: departments

text: or

text: teach

text: in

text: other

text: academic

text: settings

text: e.g.

text: medical

text: schools

text: hospitals

text: Some

text: are

text: employed

text: in

text: industrial

text: and

text: organizational

text: settings

text: or

text: in

text: other

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: human

text: development

text: and

text: aging

text: sports

text: health

text: and

text: the

text: media

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: forensic

text: investigation

text: and

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: law

text: Comparative psychology refers to the scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of non-human animals, especially as these relate to the phylogenetic history, adaptive significance, and development of behavior. Research in this area addresses many different issues, uses many different methods and explores the behavior of many different species from insects to primates.

text: Comparative

text: psychology

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: scientific

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: behavior

text: and

text: mental

text: processes

text: of

text: non

text: human

text: animals

text: especially

text: as

text: these

text: relate

text: to

text: the

text: phylogenetic

text: history

text: adaptive

text: significance

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: behavior

text: Research

text: in

text: this

text: area

text: addresses

text: many

text: different

text: issues

text: uses

text: many

text: different

text: methods

text: and

text: explores

text: the

text: behavior

text: of

text: many

text: different

text: species

text: from

text: insects

text: to

text: primates

text: Burrhus Frederic Skinner (March 20, 1904  August 18, 1990), commonly known as B. F. Skinner, was an American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher. He was the Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology at Harvard University from 1958 until his retirement in 1974.

text: Burrhus

text: Frederic

text: Skinner

text: March

text: August

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Skinner

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: psychologist

text: behaviorist

text: author

text: inventor

text: and

text: social

text: philosopher

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: Edgar

text: Pierce

text: Professor

text: of

text: Psychology

text: at

text: Harvard

text: University

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: retirement

text: in

text: Jack Michael is a researcher , professor and author in the field of the experimental analysis of behavior best known for his elucidations of the motivating operation ( MO ) , comprising Establishing Operation ( EO ) and Abolishing Operations ( AO ) .

text: Jack

text: Michael

text: is

text: researcher

text: professor

text: and

text: author

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: the

text: experimental

text: analysis

text: of

text: behavior

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: elucidations

text: of

text: the

text: motivating

text: operation

text: MO

text: comprising

text: Establishing

text: Operation

text: EO

text: and

text: Abolishing

text: Operations

text: AO

text: Radical behaviorism, or the conceptual analysis of behavior, was pioneered by B. F. Skinner and is his "philosophy of the science of behavior." It refers to the philosophy behind behavior analysis, and is to be distinguished from methodological behaviorismwhich has an intense emphasis on observable behaviorsby its inclusion of thoughts, emotions, and other internal mental activity in the analysis and theorizing of human and animal psychology. The research in behavior analysis is called the experimental analysis of behavior and the application of this field is called applied behavior analysis (ABA).

text: Radical

text: behaviorism

text: or

text: the

text: conceptual

text: analysis

text: of

text: behavior

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Skinner

text: and

text: is

text: his

text: philosophy

text: of

text: the

text: science

text: of

text: behavior

text: It

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: philosophy

text: behind

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: and

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: distinguished

text: from

text: methodological

text: behaviorismwhich

text: has

text: an

text: intense

text: emphasis

text: on

text: observable

text: behaviorsby

text: its

text: inclusion

text: of

text: thoughts

text: emotions

text: and

text: other

text: internal

text: mental

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: analysis

text: and

text: theorizing

text: of

text: human

text: and

text: animal

text: psychology

text: The

text: research

text: in

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: experimental

text: analysis

text: of

text: behavior

text: and

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: this

text: field

text: is

text: called

text: applied

text: behavior

text: analysis

text: ABA

annotations: likely single

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows multiple

question: occupation jack michael

answer: psychologist

text: psychologist

text: psychologist


text: Utkal Congress was a political party in the Indian state of Odisha. UC was formed in 1969 when Biju Patnaik left Indian National Congress. After the 1971 Odisha elections UC took part in the Biswanath Das ministry in the state. In 1977 Utkal Congress merged into Janata Party.

text: Utkal

text: Congress

text: was

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Odisha

text: UC

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: when

text: Biju

text: Patnaik

text: left

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: After

text: the

text: Odisha

text: elections

text: UC

text: took

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: Biswanath

text: Das

text: ministry

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: In

text: Utkal

text: Congress

text: merged

text: into

text: Janata

text: Party

text: The Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), commonly known as the Jan Sangh, was an Indian nationalist political party that existed from 1951 to 1977 and was the political arm of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu right-wing organisation. In 1977, it merged with several other left, centre and right parties opposed to rule of the Indian National Congress and formed the Janata Party. After the Janata Party split in 1980, it was re-formed as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980, which is currently India's largest political party by primary membership and representation in Lok Sabha.

text: The

text: Bharatiya

text: Jana

text: Sangh

text: BJS

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Jan

text: Sangh

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: nationalist

text: political

text: party

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: political

text: arm

text: of

text: Rashtriya

text: Swayamsevak

text: Sangh

text: RSS

text: Hindu

text: right

text: wing

text: organisation

text: In

text: it

text: merged

text: with

text: several

text: other

text: left

text: centre

text: and

text: right

text: parties

text: opposed

text: to

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: and

text: formed

text: the

text: Janata

text: Party

text: After

text: the

text: Janata

text: Party

text: split

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: re

text: formed

text: as

text: the

text: Bharatiya

text: Janata

text: Party

text: BJP

text: in

text: which

text: is

text: currently

text: India

text: 's

text: largest

text: political

text: party

text: by

text: primary

text: membership

text: and

text: representation

text: in

text: Lok

text: Sabha

text: Bijayananda Patnaik, popularly known as Biju Patnaik (5 March 1916  17 April 1997) was an Indian politician and Chief Minister of Odisha for two terms. Also revered by many in Odisha as Sher-e-Utkal "(trans. Lion of Odisha)"

text: Bijayananda

text: Patnaik

text: popularly

text: known

text: as

text: Biju

text: Patnaik

text: March

text: April

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: politician

text: and

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: of

text: Odisha

text: for

text: two

text: terms

text: Also

text: revered

text: by

text: many

text: in

text: Odisha

text: as

text: Sher

text: Utkal

text: trans

text: Lion

text: of

text: Odisha

text: Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889  27 May 1964) was the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as the paramount leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and ruled India from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He is considered to be the architect of the modern Indian nation-state: a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while many Indian children knew him as "Uncle Nehru" ("Chacha" Nehru).

text: Jawaharlal

text: Nehru

text: November

text: May

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: central

text: figure

text: in

text: Indian

text: politics

text: before

text: and

text: after

text: independence

text: He

text: emerged

text: as

text: the

text: paramount

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: independence

text: movement

text: under

text: the

text: tutelage

text: of

text: Mahatma

text: Gandhi

text: and

text: ruled

text: India

text: from

text: its

text: establishment

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: nation

text: in

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: He

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: architect

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: Indian

text: nation

text: state

text: sovereign

text: socialist

text: secular

text: and

text: democratic

text: republic

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Pandit

text: Nehru

text: due

text: to

text: his

text: roots

text: with

text: the

text: Kashmiri

text: Pandit

text: community

text: while

text: many

text: Indian

text: children

text: knew

text: him

text: as

text: Uncle

text: Nehru

text: Chacha

text: Nehru

text: A zamindar in the Indian subcontinent was an aristocrat. The term means "land owner" in Persian. Typically hereditary, zamindars held enormous tracts of land and control over their peasants, from whom they reserved the right to collect tax on behalf of imperial courts or for military purposes. Their families carried surnames of lordship, such as Chowdhury, Khan, Sardar, Malik, Thakur, Wadero, Reddy,Thevar and Naidu. In the 19th and 20th centuries, many wealthy and influential zamindars were bestowed with princely and royal titles such as Maharaja (Great King), Raja (King) and Nawab (Prince).

text: zamindar

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: was

text: an

text: aristocrat

text: The

text: term

text: means

text: land

text: owner

text: in

text: Persian

text: Typically

text: hereditary

text: zamindars

text: held

text: enormous

text: tracts

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: control

text: over

text: their

text: peasants

text: from

text: whom

text: they

text: reserved

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: collect

text: tax

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: imperial

text: courts

text: or

text: for

text: military

text: purposes

text: Their

text: families

text: carried

text: surnames

text: of

text: lordship

text: such

text: as

text: Chowdhury

text: Khan

text: Sardar

text: Malik

text: Thakur

text: Wadero

text: Reddy

text: Thevar

text: and

text: Naidu

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: many

text: wealthy

text: and

text: influential

text: zamindars

text: were

text: bestowed

text: with

text: princely

text: and

text: royal

text: titles

text: such

text: as

text: Maharaja

text: Great

text: King

text: Raja

text: King

text: and

text: Nawab

text: Prince

text: Biswanath Das (March 8, 1889  June 2, 1984) was an Indian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Odisha Province of British India 193739, the Governor of Uttar Pradesh 196267 and later the Chief Minister of Odisha 197172.

text: Biswanath

text: Das

text: March

text: June

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: politician

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Odisha

text: Province

text: of

text: British

text: India

text: the

text: Governor

text: of

text: Uttar

text: Pradesh

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: of

text: Odisha

text: Odisha(formerly Orissa) (() is one of the 29 states of India, located in the eastern coast. It is surrounded by the states of West Bengal to the north-east, Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west and north-west, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the south and south-west. Odisha has of coastline along the Bay of Bengal on its east, from Balasore to Malkangiri. It is the 9th largest state by area, and the 3rd largest by tribal population .Odia (formerly known as "Oriya") is the official and most widely spoken language, spoken by 33.2 million according to the 2001 Census.

text: Odisha(formerly

text: Orissa

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: India

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: It

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: West

text: Bengal

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Jharkhand

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Chhattisgarh

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: north

text: west

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: and

text: Telangana

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: south

text: west

text: Odisha

text: has

text: of

text: coastline

text: along

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: its

text: east

text: from

text: Balasore

text: to

text: Malkangiri

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: state

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: by

text: tribal

text: population

text: .Odia

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Oriya

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: and

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: language

text: spoken

text: by

text: million

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Census

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: The Janata Party (JP or JNP) (translation:People's Party) was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the State of Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by the Government of India under the Prime Ministership of Indira Gandhi and her party, the Indian National Congress (R). In the general election held after the end of the state of emergency in 1977, the Janata party defeated Congress (R) to form the first non-Congress government in the history of the Republic of India.

text: The

text: Janata

text: Party

text: JP

text: or

text: JNP

text: translation

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: was

text: an

text: amalgam

text: of

text: Indian

text: political

text: parties

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Emergency

text: that

text: was

text: imposed

text: between

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: under

text: the

text: Prime

text: Ministership

text: of

text: Indira

text: Gandhi

text: and

text: her

text: party

text: the

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: In

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: held

text: after

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: emergency

text: in

text: the

text: Janata

text: party

text: defeated

text: Congress

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: first

text: non

text: Congress

text: government

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: A chief minister is the elected head of government of a sub-national (e.g., constituent federal) entity. Examples include: Provinces Governor of Federal states in Nepal; a state (and sometimes a union territory) in India; a territory of Australia; provinces of Sri Lanka or Pakistan; Philippine autonomous regions; or a British Overseas Territory that has attained self-governance. It is also used as the English version of the title given to the heads of governments of the Malay states without a monarchy.

text: chief

text: minister

text: is

text: the

text: elected

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: of

text: sub

text: national

text: e.g.

text: constituent

text: federal

text: entity

text: Examples

text: include

text: Provinces

text: Governor

text: of

text: Federal

text: states

text: in

text: Nepal

text: state

text: and

text: sometimes

text: union

text: territory

text: in

text: India

text: territory

text: of

text: Australia

text: provinces

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: or

text: Pakistan

text: Philippine

text: autonomous

text: regions

text: or

text: British

text: Overseas

text: Territory

text: that

text: has

text: attained

text: self

text: governance

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: as

text: the

text: English

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: heads

text: of

text: governments

text: of

text: the

text: Malay

text: states

text: without

text: monarchy

text: The Indian National Congress (INC, often called Congress), is one of two major political parties in India; the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party.

text: The

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: INC

text: often

text: called

text: Congress

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: two

text: major

text: political

text: parties

text: in

text: India

text: the

text: other

text: being

text: the

text: Bharatiya

text: Janata

text: Party

text: A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. The party agrees on some proposed policies and programmes, with a view to promoting the collective good or furthering their supporters' interests.

text: political

text: party

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: come

text: together

text: to

text: contest

text: elections

text: and

text: hold

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: The

text: party

text: agrees

text: on

text: some

text: proposed

text: policies

text: and

text: programmes

text: with

text: view

text: to

text: promoting

text: the

text: collective

text: good

text: or

text: furthering

text: their

text: supporters

text: interests

text: The Licence Raj or Permit Raj ("rj", meaning "rule" in Hindi) was the elaborate system of licences, regulations and accompanying red tape that were required to set up and run businesses in India between 1947 and 1990.

text: The

text: Licence

text: Raj

text: or

text: Permit

text: Raj

text: rj

text: meaning

text: rule

text: in

text: Hindi

text: was

text: the

text: elaborate

text: system

text: of

text: licences

text: regulations

text: and

text: accompanying

text: red

text: tape

text: that

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: and

text: run

text: businesses

text: in

text: India

text: between

text: and

text: Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (10 December 1878  25 December 1972) informally called Rajaji or C.R., was an Indian politician, independence activist, lawyer, writer and statesman. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India. He also served as leader of the Indian National Congress, Premier of the Madras Presidency, Governor of West Bengal, Minister for Home Affairs of the Indian Union and Chief Minister of Madras state. Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party and was one of the first recipients of India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. He vehemently opposed the use of nuclear weapons and was a proponent of world peace and disarmament. During his lifetime, he also acquired the nickname 'Mango of Krishnagiri'.

text: Chakravarti

text: Rajagopalachari

text: December

text: December

text: informally

text: called

text: Rajaji

text: or

text: C.R.

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: politician

text: independence

text: activist

text: lawyer

text: writer

text: and

text: statesman

text: Rajagopalachari

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: India

text: He

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: Premier

text: of

text: the

text: Madras

text: Presidency

text: Governor

text: of

text: West

text: Bengal

text: Minister

text: for

text: Home

text: Affairs

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Union

text: and

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: of

text: Madras

text: state

text: Rajagopalachari

text: founded

text: the

text: Swatantra

text: Party

text: and

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: recipients

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: highest

text: civilian

text: award

text: the

text: Bharat

text: Ratna

text: He

text: vehemently

text: opposed

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: and

text: was

text: proponent

text: of

text: world

text: peace

text: and

text: disarmament

text: During

text: his

text: lifetime

text: he

text: also

text: acquired

text: the

text: nickname

text: Mango

text: of

text: Krishnagiri

text: Pragati Legislature Party , a political grouping in the Legislative Assembly of the Indian state Orissa . PLP was formed in 1973 by the Utkal Congress , Swatantra Party and others . The PLP leader Biju Patnaik , was elected as the Leader of the Opposition of the Assembly on February 9 , 1973 . His tenure as Leader of Opposition lasted until March 3 the same year . On that date President 's Rule was introduced in the state . PLP and its member organizations later merged into Bharatiya Lok Dal in the end of 1974 .

text: Pragati

text: Legislature

text: Party

text: political

text: grouping

text: in

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: Orissa

text: PLP

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Utkal

text: Congress

text: Swatantra

text: Party

text: and

text: others

text: The

text: PLP

text: leader

text: Biju

text: Patnaik

text: was

text: elected

text: as

text: the

text: Leader

text: of

text: the

text: Opposition

text: of

text: the

text: Assembly

text: on

text: February

text: His

text: tenure

text: as

text: Leader

text: of

text: Opposition

text: lasted

text: until

text: March

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: On

text: that

text: date

text: President

text: 's

text: Rule

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: PLP

text: and

text: its

text: member

text: organizations

text: later

text: merged

text: into

text: Bharatiya

text: Lok

text: Dal

text: in

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: The Swatantra Party was an Indian conservative political party that existed from 1959 to 1974. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's increasingly socialist and statist outlook. Swatantra ("Freedom") stood for a market-based economy with the "Licence Raj" dismantled, although it opposed "laissez faire" policies. The party was thus favoured by some traders and industrialists, but at the state-level its leadership was dominated by the traditional privileged classes such as "zamindars" (feudal landlords) and erstwhile princes. Located on the Right of the Indian political spectrum Swatantra was not a communal party; its membership was not restricted on the basis of religion, unlike the Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Jana Sangh. In 1960, Rajagopalachari and his colleagues drafted a 21-point manifesto detailing why Swatantra had to be formed, even though they were hitherto Congressmen and associates of Nehru during the struggle for independence. The Prime Minister was highly critical of Swatantra, dubbing the party as belonging to "the middle ages of lords, castles and zamindars".

text: The

text: Swatantra

text: Party

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: conservative

text: political

text: party

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Rajagopalachari

text: in

text: reaction

text: to

text: what

text: he

text: felt

text: was

text: the

text: Jawaharlal

text: Nehru

text: dominated

text: Indian

text: National

text: Congress

text: 's

text: increasingly

text: socialist

text: and

text: statist

text: outlook

text: Swatantra

text: Freedom

text: stood

text: for

text: market

text: based

text: economy

text: with

text: the

text: Licence

text: Raj

text: dismantled

text: although

text: it

text: opposed

text: laissez

text: faire

text: policies

text: The

text: party

text: was

text: thus

text: favoured

text: by

text: some

text: traders

text: and

text: industrialists

text: but

text: at

text: the

text: state

text: level

text: its

text: leadership

text: was

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: traditional

text: privileged

text: classes

text: such

text: as

text: zamindars

text: feudal

text: landlords

text: and

text: erstwhile

text: princes

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: Right

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: political

text: spectrum

text: Swatantra

text: was

text: not

text: communal

text: party

text: its

text: membership

text: was

text: not

text: restricted

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: religion

text: unlike

text: the

text: Hindu

text: nationalist

text: Bharatiya

text: Jana

text: Sangh

text: In

text: Rajagopalachari

text: and

text: his

text: colleagues

text: drafted

text: manifesto

text: detailing

text: why

text: Swatantra

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: formed

text: even

text: though

text: they

text: were

text: hitherto

text: Congressmen

text: and

text: associates

text: of

text: Nehru

text: during

text: the

text: struggle

text: for

text: independence

text: The

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: was

text: highly

text: critical

text: of

text: Swatantra

text: dubbing

text: the

text: party

text: as

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: middle

text: ages

text: of

text: lords

text: castles

text: and

text: zamindars

question: instance_of pragati legislature party

answer: political party

text: political party

text: political party

text: political party

text: political party

text: political party