text: Yugoslavia (/, ) was a country in Southeast Europe during most of the 20th century. It came into existence after World War I in 1918 under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire) with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia. The Serbian royal House of Karaorevi became the Yugoslav royal dynasty. Yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 July 1922 at the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris. The country was named after the South Slavic peoples and constituted their first union, following centuries in which the territories had been part of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary.

text: Yugoslavia

text: was

text: country

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: during

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: came

text: into

text: existence

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Serbs

text: Croats

text: and

text: Slovenes

text: by

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: provisional

text: State

text: of

text: Slovenes

text: Croats

text: and

text: Serbs

text: itself

text: formed

text: from

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: with

text: the

text: formerly

text: independent

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Serbia

text: The

text: Serbian

text: royal

text: House

text: of

text: Karaorevi

text: became

text: the

text: Yugoslav

text: royal

text: dynasty

text: Yugoslavia

text: gained

text: international

text: recognition

text: on

text: July

text: at

text: the

text: Conference

text: of

text: Ambassadors

text: in

text: Paris

text: The

text: country

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: South

text: Slavic

text: peoples

text: and

text: constituted

text: their

text: first

text: union

text: following

text: centuries

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: territories

text: had

text: been

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: Austria

text: Hungary

text: Trpejca ( Macedonian :  ) is a village along the shore of the Lake Ohrid in the Republic of Macedonia . Traditionally a fishing village , it has recently become an upscale vacation spot . Trpejca is home to around 303 inhabitants and has just one school , two shops , and a church recently built on the exact location of an older one . It is known as the Macedonian Saint - Tropez among locals .

text: Trpejca

text: Macedonian

text: is

text: village

text: along

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: in

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: Traditionally

text: fishing

text: village

text: it

text: has

text: recently

text: become

text: an

text: upscale

text: vacation

text: spot

text: Trpejca

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: around

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: has

text: just

text: one

text: school

text: two

text: shops

text: and

text: church

text: recently

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: exact

text: location

text: of

text: an

text: older

text: one

text: It

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Macedonian

text: Saint

text: Tropez

text: among

text: locals

text: Macedonia ( tr. "Makedonija"), officially the Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: , tr. "Republika Makedonija"), is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991. It became a member of the United Nations in 1993, but, as a result of an ongoing dispute with Greece over the use of the name "Macedonia", was admitted under the provisional description the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (sometimes unofficially abbreviated as FYROM and FYR Macedonia), a term that is also used by international organizations such as the European Union, the Council of Europe and NATO.

text: Macedonia

text: tr

text: Makedonija

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: Macedonian

text: tr

text: Republika

text: Makedonija

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: successor

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Yugoslavia

text: from

text: which

text: it

text: declared

text: independence

text: in

text: It

text: became

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: in

text: but

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: an

text: ongoing

text: dispute

text: with

text: Greece

text: over

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: Macedonia

text: was

text: admitted

text: under

text: the

text: provisional

text: description

text: the

text: former

text: Yugoslav

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: sometimes

text: unofficially

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: FYROM

text: and

text: FYR

text: Macedonia

text: term

text: that

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: by

text: international

text: organizations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: NATO

text:
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris. Its declared purpose is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international collaboration through educational, scientific, and cultural reforms in order to increase universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with fundamental freedom proclaimed in the United Nations Charter.
It is the heir of the League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: Educational

text: Scientific

text: and

text: Cultural

text: Organization

text: UNESCO

text: is

text: specialized

text: agency

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: UN

text: based

text: in

text: Paris

text: Its

text: declared

text: purpose

text: is

text: to

text: contribute

text: to

text: peace

text: and

text: security

text: by

text: promoting

text: international

text: collaboration

text: through

text: educational

text: scientific

text: and

text: cultural

text: reforms

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: increase

text: universal

text: respect

text: for

text: justice

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: and

text: human

text: rights

text: along

text: with

text: fundamental

text: freedom

text: proclaimed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Charter

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: heir

text: of

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: International

text: Committee

text: on

text: Intellectual

text: Cooperation

text: In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community in which people live. A settlement can range in size from a small number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Settlements may include hamlets, villages, towns and cities. A settlement may have known historical properties such as the date or era in which it was first settled, or first settled by a particular people.

text: In

text: geography

text: statistics

text: and

text: archaeology

text: settlement

text: locality

text: or

text: populated

text: place

text: is

text: community

text: in

text: which

text: people

text: live

text: settlement

text: can

text: range

text: in

text: size

text: from

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: dwellings

text: grouped

text: together

text: to

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: cities

text: with

text: surrounding

text: urbanized

text: areas

text: Settlements

text: may

text: include

text: hamlets

text: villages

text: towns

text: and

text: cities

text: settlement

text: may

text: have

text: known

text: historical

text: properties

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: date

text: or

text: era

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: was

text: first

text: settled

text: or

text: first

text: settled

text: by

text: particular

text: people

text: Ohrid is a city in the Republic of Macedonia and the seat of Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the eighth-largest city in the country, with over 42,000 inhabitants as of 2002. Ohrid is notable for once having had 365 churches, one for each day of the year, and has been referred to as a "Jerusalem (of the Balkans)". The city is rich in picturesque houses and monuments, and tourism is predominant. It is located southwest of Skopje, west of Resen and Bitola. In 1979 and in 1980 respectively, Ohrid and Lake Ohrid were accepted as Cultural and Natural World Heritage Sites by UNESCO. Ohrid is one of only 28 sites that are part of UNESCO's World Heritage that are Cultural as well as Natural sites.

text: Ohrid

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Ohrid

text: Municipality

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: on

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: and

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: inhabitants

text: as

text: of

text: Ohrid

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: once

text: having

text: had

text: churches

text: one

text: for

text: each

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Jerusalem

text: of

text: the

text: Balkans

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: rich

text: in

text: picturesque

text: houses

text: and

text: monuments

text: and

text: tourism

text: is

text: predominant

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: southwest

text: of

text: Skopje

text: west

text: of

text: Resen

text: and

text: Bitola

text: In

text: and

text: in

text: respectively

text: Ohrid

text: and

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: were

text: accepted

text: as

text: Cultural

text: and

text: Natural

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Sites

text: by

text: UNESCO

text: Ohrid

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: sites

text: that

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: UNESCO

text: 's

text: World

text: Heritage

text: that

text: are

text: Cultural

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Natural

text: sites

text: Albania (; ), officially the Republic of Albania, is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe. It has a population of 3.03 million as of 2016. Tirana is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Durrës and Vlorë. Albania is located in the south-western part of the Balkan peninsula, bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast. The country has a coastline on the northern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea to the west and the Ionian Sea to the southwest where the Albanian Riviera begins. Albania is less than from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.

text: Albania

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Albania

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Tirana

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Durrës

text: and

text: Vlorë

text: Albania

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: bordered

text: by

text: Montenegro

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Kosovo

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: coastline

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: where

text: the

text: Albanian

text: Riviera

text: begins

text: Albania

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: from

text: Italy

text: across

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Otranto

text: which

text: connects

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.

text: village

text: is

text: clustered

text: human

text: settlement

text: or

text: community

text: larger

text: than

text: hamlet

text: but

text: smaller

text: than

text: town

text: with

text: population

text: ranging

text: from

text: few

text: hundred

text: to

text: few

text: thousand

text: Though

text: often

text: located

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: the

text: term

text: urban

text: village

text: is

text: also

text: applied

text: to

text: certain

text: urban

text: neighbourhoods

text: Villages

text: are

text: normally

text: permanent

text: with

text: fixed

text: dwellings

text: however

text: transient

text: villages

text: can

text: occur

text: Further

text: the

text: dwellings

text: of

text: village

text: are

text: fairly

text: close

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: not

text: scattered

text: broadly

text: over

text: the

text: landscape

text: as

text: dispersed

text: settlement

text: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO  '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states: the United States, France and the United Kingdom. NATO's headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, where the Supreme Allied Commander also resides. Belgium is one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programmes. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total. Members' defence spending is supposed to amount to 2% of GDP.

text: The

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: Organization

text: NATO

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Alliance

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: military

text: alliance

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: which

text: was

text: signed

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: organization

text: constitutes

text: system

text: of

text: collective

text: defence

text: whereby

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: agree

text: to

text: mutual

text: defence

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: an

text: attack

text: by

text: any

text: external

text: party

text: Three

text: NATO

text: members

text: are

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: veto

text: and

text: are

text: officially

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: states

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: NATO

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Haren

text: Brussels

text: Belgium

text: where

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Allied

text: Commander

text: also

text: resides

text: Belgium

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: across

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: the

text: newest

text: of

text: which

text: Albania

text: and

text: Croatia

text: joined

text: in

text: April

text: An

text: additional

text: countries

text: participate

text: in

text: NATO

text: 's

text: Partnership

text: for

text: Peace

text: program

text: with

text: other

text: countries

text: involved

text: in

text: institutionalized

text: dialogue

text: programmes

text: The

text: combined

text: military

text: spending

text: of

text: all

text: NATO

text: members

text: constitutes

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: total

text: Members

text: defence

text: spending

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: amount

text: to

text: of

text: GDP

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text: The Council of Europe (CoE) is an international organisation focused on promoting human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. Founded in 1949, it has 47 member states, covers approximately 820 million people and operates with an annual budget of approximately half a billion euros.

text: The

text: Council

text: of

text: Europe

text: CoE

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: organisation

text: focused

text: on

text: promoting

text: human

text: rights

text: democracy

text: and

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: in

text: Europe

text: Founded

text: in

text: it

text: has

text: member

text: states

text: covers

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: operates

text: with

text: an

text: annual

text: budget

text: of

text: approximately

text: half

text: billion

text: euros

text: A World Heritage Site is a landmark which has been officially recognized by the United Nations, specifically by UNESCO. Sites are selected on the basis of having cultural, historical, scientific or some other form of significance, and they are legally protected by international treaties. UNESCO regards these sites as being important to the collective interests of humanity.

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: is

text: landmark

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: officially

text: recognized

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: specifically

text: by

text: UNESCO

text: Sites

text: are

text: selected

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: having

text: cultural

text: historical

text: scientific

text: or

text: some

text: other

text: form

text: of

text: significance

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: legally

text: protected

text: by

text: international

text: treaties

text: UNESCO

text: regards

text: these

text: sites

text: as

text: being

text: important

text: to

text: the

text: collective

text: interests

text: of

text: humanity

text: Struga is a town and popular tourist destination situated in the south-western region of the Republic of Macedonia, lying on the shore of Lake Ohrid. The town of Struga is the seat of Struga Municipality.

text: Struga

text: is

text: town

text: and

text: popular

text: tourist

text: destination

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: lying

text: on

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: The

text: town

text: of

text: Struga

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Struga

text: Municipality

text: A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size definition for what constitutes a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world.

text: town

text: is

text: human

text: settlement

text: larger

text: than

text: village

text: but

text: smaller

text: than

text: city

text: The

text: size

text: definition

text: for

text: what

text: constitutes

text: town

text: varies

text: considerably

text: in

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

text: The

text: National

text: Aeronautics

text: and

text: Space

text: Administration

text: NASA

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: agency

text: of

text: the

text: executive

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: federal

text: government

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: civilian

text: space

text: program

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: aeronautics

text: and

text: aerospace

text: research

text: Nice (; Niçard , classical norm, or "", nonstandard,  ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes "département". The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of . Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille. Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.

text: Nice

text: Niçard

text: classical

text: norm

text: or

text: nonstandard

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Alpes

text: Maritimes

text: département

text: The

text: urban

text: area

text: of

text: Nice

text: extends

text: beyond

text: the

text: administrative

text: city

text: limits

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: on

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: French

text: Riviera

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: France

text: on

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: Nice

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: French

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: coast

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Provence

text: Alpes

text: Côte

text: d'Azur

text: region

text: after

text: Marseille

text: Nice

text: is

text: about

text: kilometres

text: miles

text: from

text: the

text: principality

text: of

text: Monaco

text: and

text: its

text: airport

text: is

text: gateway

text: to

text: the

text: principality

text: as

text: well

text: Saint-Tropez ("" in Provençal dialect) is a town, west of Nice, in the Var department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of southeastern France. It is also the principal town in the canton of Saint-Tropez.

text: Saint

text: Tropez

text: in

text: Provençal

text: dialect

text: is

text: town

text: west

text: of

text: Nice

text: in

text: the

text: Var

text: department

text: of

text: the

text: Provence

text: Alpes

text: Côte

text: d'Azur

text: region

text: of

text: southeastern

text: France

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: principal

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: canton

text: of

text: Saint

text: Tropez

text: In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word "rural" as encompassing "...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area. Whatever is not urban is considered rural."

text: In

text: general

text: rural

text: area

text: or

text: countryside

text: is

text: geographic

text: area

text: that

text: is

text: located

text: outside

text: towns

text: and

text: cities

text: The

text: Health

text: Resources

text: and

text: Services

text: Administration

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Department

text: of

text: Health

text: and

text: Human

text: Services

text: defines

text: the

text: word

text: rural

text: as

text: encompassing

text: all

text: population

text: housing

text: and

text: territory

text: not

text: included

text: within

text: an

text: urban

text: area

text: Whatever

text: is

text: not

text: urban

text: is

text: considered

text: rural

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: Provence (Provençal: "Provença" in classical norm or "Prouvènço" in Mistralian norm) is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which extends from the left bank of the lower Rhône River to the west to the Italian border to the east, and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It largely corresponds with the modern administrative "région" of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and includes the "départements" of Var, Bouches-du-Rhône, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and parts of Alpes-Maritimes and Vaucluse. The largest city of the region is Marseille.

text: Provence

text: Provençal

text: Provença

text: in

text: classical

text: norm

text: or

text: Prouvènço

text: in

text: Mistralian

text: norm

text: is

text: geographical

text: region

text: and

text: historical

text: province

text: of

text: southeastern

text: France

text: which

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: left

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: lower

text: Rhône

text: River

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: the

text: Italian

text: border

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: largely

text: corresponds

text: with

text: the

text: modern

text: administrative

text: région

text: of

text: Provence

text: Alpes

text: Côte

text: d'Azur

text: and

text: includes

text: the

text: départements

text: of

text: Var

text: Bouches

text: du

text: Rhône

text: Alpes

text: de

text: Haute

text: Provence

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: Alpes

text: Maritimes

text: and

text: Vaucluse

text: The

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: is

text: Marseille

text: Provençal (or "" ) is a variety of Occitan spoken by a minority of people in southern France, mostly in Provence. In the English-speaking world, the term "Provençal" has historically also been used to refer to all of Occitan, but is now mainly understood to refer to the variety spoken in Provence.

text: Provençal

text: or

text: is

text: variety

text: of

text: Occitan

text: spoken

text: by

text: minority

text: of

text: people

text: in

text: southern

text: France

text: mostly

text: in

text: Provence

text: In

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: the

text: term

text: Provençal

text: has

text: historically

text: also

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: Occitan

text: but

text: is

text: now

text: mainly

text: understood

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: variety

text: spoken

text: in

text: Provence

text: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur  or PACA is one of the 18 administrative regions of France. Its capital is Marseille.

text: Provence

text: Alpes

text: Côte

text: d'Azur

text: or

text: PACA

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: administrative

text: regions

text: of

text: France

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Marseille

text: Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe is a geographical region of Europe, consisting primarily of the Balkan peninsula. Sovereign states that are, at least partially, included in the region are, in alphabetical order, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey.

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: or

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: is

text: geographical

text: region

text: of

text: Europe

text: consisting

text: primarily

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: Sovereign

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: at

text: least

text: partially

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: are

text: in

text: alphabetical

text: order

text: Albania

text: Bosnia

text: and

text: Herzegovina

text: Bulgaria

text: Croatia

text: Greece

text: Kosovo

text: Macedonia

text: Moldova

text: Montenegro

text: Romania

text: Serbia

text: Slovenia

text: and

text: Turkey

text: Pogradec is a city and municipality in central Albania, situated on the shores of one of Europe's deepest and oldest lakes, the Ohrid lake. It is located in the County of Korçë.

text: Pogradec

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: municipality

text: in

text: central

text: Albania

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: shores

text: of

text: one

text: of

text: Europe

text: 's

text: deepest

text: and

text: oldest

text: lakes

text: the

text: Ohrid

text: lake

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: County

text: of

text: Korçë

text: Lake Ohrid (, , , , "Liqeni i Pogradecit"), straddles the mountainous border between southwestern Macedonia and eastern Albania. It is one of Europe's deepest and oldest lakes, preserving a unique aquatic ecosystem that is of worldwide importance, with more than 200 endemic species. The importance of the lake was further emphasized when it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979 and when, in 2010, NASA decided to name one of Titan's lakes after Lake Ohrid. In 2014, the Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Reserve between Albania and Macedonia was added to UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves. The towns situated at the lakeside are Pogradec in Albania, along with Ohrid and Struga in Macedonia. The lake is otherwise densely surrounded by settlements in the form of villages and resorts in both basin countries.

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: Liqeni

text: Pogradecit

text: straddles

text: the

text: mountainous

text: border

text: between

text: southwestern

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: eastern

text: Albania

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Europe

text: 's

text: deepest

text: and

text: oldest

text: lakes

text: preserving

text: unique

text: aquatic

text: ecosystem

text: that

text: is

text: of

text: worldwide

text: importance

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: endemic

text: species

text: The

text: importance

text: of

text: the

text: lake

text: was

text: further

text: emphasized

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: declared

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: by

text: UNESCO

text: in

text: and

text: when

text: in

text: NASA

text: decided

text: to

text: name

text: one

text: of

text: Titan

text: 's

text: lakes

text: after

text: Lake

text: Ohrid

text: In

text: the

text: Ohrid

text: Prespa

text: Transboundary

text: Reserve

text: between

text: Albania

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: was

text: added

text: to

text: UNESCO

text: 's

text: World

text: Network

text: of

text: Biosphere

text: Reserves

text: The

text: towns

text: situated

text: at

text: the

text: lakeside

text: are

text: Pogradec

text: in

text: Albania

text: along

text: with

text: Ohrid

text: and

text: Struga

text: in

text: Macedonia

text: The

text: lake

text: is

text: otherwise

text: densely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: settlements

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: villages

text: and

text: resorts

text: in

text: both

text: basin

text: countries

text: The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The headquarters of the United Nations is in Manhattan, New York City, and experiences extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict.

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: UN

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: organization

text: to

text: promote

text: international

text: co

text: operation

text: replacement

text: for

text: the

text: ineffective

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: the

text: organization

text: was

text: established

text: on

text: October

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: prevent

text: another

text: such

text: conflict

text: At

text: its

text: founding

text: the

text: UN

text: had

text: member

text: states

text: there

text: are

text: now

text: The

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: is

text: in

text: Manhattan

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: experiences

text: extraterritoriality

text: Further

text: main

text: offices

text: are

text: situated

text: in

text: Geneva

text: Nairobi

text: and

text: Vienna

text: The

text: organization

text: is

text: financed

text: by

text: assessed

text: and

text: voluntary

text: contributions

text: from

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: Its

text: objectives

text: include

text: maintaining

text: international

text: peace

text: and

text: security

text: promoting

text: human

text: rights

text: fostering

text: social

text: and

text: economic

text: development

text: protecting

text: the

text: environment

text: and

text: providing

text: humanitarian

text: aid

text: in

text: cases

text: of

text: famine

text: natural

text: disaster

text: and

text: armed

text: conflict

text:
Greece (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe.
Greece's population is approximately 10.955 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

text: Greece

text: officially

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Republic

text: Greek

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hellas

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: Greece

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: approximately

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Thessaloniki

text: A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world. Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

text: dispersed

text: settlement

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: scattered

text: settlement

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: types

text: of

text: settlement

text: patterns

text: used

text: by

text: landscape

text: historians

text: to

text: classify

text: rural

text: settlements

text: found

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Typically

text: there

text: are

text: number

text: of

text: separate

text: farmsteads

text: scattered

text: throughout

text: the

text: area

text: dispersed

text: settlement

text: contrasts

text: with

text: nucleated

text: village

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity trpejca

answer: ohrid municipality

text: ohrid municipality


text: The West Bank ("" "HaGadah HaMa'aravit") is a landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, forming the bulk of the Palestinian territories. The West Bank shares boundaries (demarcated by the Jordanian-Israeli armistice of 1949) to the west, north, and south with Israel, and to the east, across the Jordan River, with Jordan. The West Bank also contains a significant section of the western Dead Sea shore.

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: HaGadah

text: HaMa'aravit

text: is

text: landlocked

text: territory

text: near

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: coast

text: of

text: Western

text: Asia

text: forming

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: shares

text: boundaries

text: demarcated

text: by

text: the

text: Jordanian

text: Israeli

text: armistice

text: of

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: with

text: Israel

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: across

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: with

text: Jordan

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: also

text: contains

text: significant

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: shore

text: The Dan River ( Hebrew :  dan , Arabic :  leddan ) is a tributary of the Jordan river . The sources of the river are multiple springs emerging from Tel Dan along underground fault lines . The river is so named after the Israelite city of Dan , which was captured by the Tribe of Dan during the Judges period . The tribe of Dan conquered the city , then named Laish and then occupied by Canaanites . Although the Dan River itself is only about 20 km ( 12 miles ) long , its flow provides up to 238 million cubic meters of water annually to the Hulah Valley . In 1966 , this was a cause of dispute between Israeli water planners and conservationists , with the later prevailing after three years of court appeals and adjudication . The result was a conservation project of about 120 acres ( 0.49 km2 ) at the source of the river called the Tel Dan Nature Reserve .

text: The

text: Dan

text: River

text: Hebrew

text: dan

text: Arabic

text: leddan

text: is

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Jordan

text: river

text: The

text: sources

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: are

text: multiple

text: springs

text: emerging

text: from

text: Tel

text: Dan

text: along

text: underground

text: fault

text: lines

text: The

text: river

text: is

text: so

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Israelite

text: city

text: of

text: Dan

text: which

text: was

text: captured

text: by

text: the

text: Tribe

text: of

text: Dan

text: during

text: the

text: Judges

text: period

text: The

text: tribe

text: of

text: Dan

text: conquered

text: the

text: city

text: then

text: named

text: Laish

text: and

text: then

text: occupied

text: by

text: Canaanites

text: Although

text: the

text: Dan

text: River

text: itself

text: is

text: only

text: about

text: km

text: miles

text: long

text: its

text: flow

text: provides

text: up

text: to

text: million

text: cubic

text: meters

text: of

text: water

text: annually

text: to

text: the

text: Hulah

text: Valley

text: In

text: this

text: was

text: cause

text: of

text: dispute

text: between

text: Israeli

text: water

text: planners

text: and

text: conservationists

text: with

text: the

text: later

text: prevailing

text: after

text: three

text: years

text: of

text: court

text: appeals

text: and

text: adjudication

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: conservation

text: project

text: of

text: about

text: acres

text: at

text: the

text: source

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: called

text: the

text: Tel

text: Dan

text: Nature

text: Reserve

text: The Middle East is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia and Egypt. The corresponding adjective is "Middle-Eastern" and the derived noun is "Middle-Easterner". The term has come into wider usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to Far East) beginning in the early 20th century.

text: The

text: Middle

text: East

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: region

text: centered

text: on

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: Egypt

text: The

text: corresponding

text: adjective

text: is

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: and

text: the

text: derived

text: noun

text: is

text: Middle

text: Easterner

text: The

text: term

text: has

text: come

text: into

text: wider

text: usage

text: as

text: replacement

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Far

text: East

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Jordan ('), officially The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ('), is an Arab kingdom in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the east and south, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north, Israel, Palestine and the Dead Sea to the west and the Red Sea in its extreme south-west. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.

text: Jordan

text: officially

text: The

text: Hashemite

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Jordan

text: is

text: an

text: Arab

text: kingdom

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: on

text: the

text: East

text: Bank

text: of

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: Jordan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Israel

text: Palestine

text: and

text: the

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: in

text: its

text: extreme

text: south

text: west

text: Jordan

text: is

text: strategically

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: and

text: Europe

text: The

text: capital

text: Amman

text: is

text: Jordan

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: economic

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: centre

text: The Jordan River (also River Jordan; "Nahar ha-Yarden"; "Nahr al-Urdun", Ancient Greek: , "Iordànes") is a -long river in the Middle East that flows roughly north to south through the Sea of Galilee and on to the Dead Sea. Israel and the West Bank border the river to the west, while the Golan Heights and Jordan lie to its east. Both Jordan and the West Bank take their names from the river.

text: The

text: Jordan

text: River

text: also

text: River

text: Jordan

text: Nahar

text: ha

text: Yarden

text: Nahr

text: al

text: Urdun

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: Iordànes

text: is

text: -long

text: river

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: that

text: flows

text: roughly

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: through

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Galilee

text: and

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: Israel

text: and

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: border

text: the

text: river

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: while

text: the

text: Golan

text: Heights

text: and

text: Jordan

text: lie

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: Both

text: Jordan

text: and

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: take

text: their

text: names

text: from

text: the

text: river

annotations: follows single

annotations: likely multiple

question: continent dan river

answer: asia

text: asia

text: asia

text: asia

text: asia


text:
The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science and is possibly the oldest such society still in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as "The Royal Society". The Society is the United Kingdom's and Commonwealth of Nations' Academy of Sciences and fulfills a number of roles; promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, fostering international and global cooperation, education and public engagement.
The society is governed by its Council, which is chaired by the Society's President, according to a set of statutes and standing orders. The members of Council and the President are elected from and by its Fellows, the basic members of the society, who are themselves elected by existing Fellows. As of 2016, there are about 1,600 fellows, allowed to use the postnominal title FRS (Fellow of the Royal Society), with up to 52 new fellows appointed each year. There are also royal fellows, honorary fellows and foreign members, the last of which are allowed to use the postnominal title ForMemRS (Foreign Member of the Royal Society). The Royal Society President is Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who took up the post on November 30, 2015.

text: The

text: President

text: Council

text: and

text: Fellows

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: London

text: for

text: Improving

text: Natural

text: Knowledge

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: is

text: learned

text: society

text: for

text: science

text: and

text: is

text: possibly

text: the

text: oldest

text: such

text: society

text: still

text: in

text: existence

text: Founded

text: in

text: November

text: it

text: was

text: granted

text: royal

text: charter

text: by

text: King

text: Charles

text: II

text: as

text: The

text: Royal

text: Society

text: The

text: Society

text: is

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: Academy

text: of

text: Sciences

text: and

text: fulfills

text: number

text: of

text: roles

text: promoting

text: science

text: and

text: its

text: benefits

text: recognising

text: excellence

text: in

text: science

text: supporting

text: outstanding

text: science

text: providing

text: scientific

text: advice

text: for

text: policy

text: fostering

text: international

text: and

text: global

text: cooperation

text: education

text: and

text: public

text: engagement

text: The

text: society

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: its

text: Council

text: which

text: is

text: chaired

text: by

text: the

text: Society

text: 's

text: President

text: according

text: to

text: set

text: of

text: statutes

text: and

text: standing

text: orders

text: The

text: members

text: of

text: Council

text: and

text: the

text: President

text: are

text: elected

text: from

text: and

text: by

text: its

text: Fellows

text: the

text: basic

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: society

text: who

text: are

text: themselves

text: elected

text: by

text: existing

text: Fellows

text: As

text: of

text: there

text: are

text: about

text: fellows

text: allowed

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: postnominal

text: title

text: FRS

text: Fellow

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: with

text: up

text: to

text: new

text: fellows

text: appointed

text: each

text: year

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: royal

text: fellows

text: honorary

text: fellows

text: and

text: foreign

text: members

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: allowed

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: postnominal

text: title

text: ForMemRS

text: Foreign

text: Member

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: The

text: Royal

text: Society

text: President

text: is

text: Venkatraman

text: Ramakrishnan

text: who

text: took

text: up

text: the

text: post

text: on

text: November

text: Michael J. Whelan FRS ( born 2 November 1931 ) is a British scientist . He and Archibald Howie won the 1988 Hughes Medal of the Royal Society `` for their contributions to the theory of electron diffraction and microscopy , and its application to the study of lattice defects in crystals '' . He also received the 1998 Distinguished Scientist Award in Physical Sciences from the Microscopy Society of America and the 1965 C.V. Boys Prize from the Institute of Physics . As of 2011 , Whelan is Emeritus Professor in the Department of Materials at the University of Oxford , England , and an Emeritus Fellow of Linacre College , Oxford .

text: Michael

text: Whelan

text: FRS

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: British

text: scientist

text: He

text: and

text: Archibald

text: Howie

text: won

text: the

text: Hughes

text: Medal

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: for

text: their

text: contributions

text: to

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: electron

text: diffraction

text: and

text: microscopy

text: and

text: its

text: application

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: lattice

text: defects

text: in

text: crystals

text: He

text: also

text: received

text: the

text: Distinguished

text: Scientist

text: Award

text: in

text: Physical

text: Sciences

text: from

text: the

text: Microscopy

text: Society

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: C.V.

text: Boys

text: Prize

text: from

text: the

text: Institute

text: of

text: Physics

text: As

text: of

text: Whelan

text: is

text: Emeritus

text: Professor

text: in

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Materials

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: England

text: and

text: an

text: Emeritus

text: Fellow

text: of

text: Linacre

text: College

text: Oxford

text: Michele Karen Dougherty FRS (born 1962) is a Professor of Space Physics at Imperial College London. She is leading unmanned exploratory missions to Saturn and Jupiter and is Principal Investigator for J-MAG - a magnetometer for the JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) of the European Space Agencies (ESA) due for launch June 2022.

text: Michele

text: Karen

text: Dougherty

text: FRS

text: born

text: is

text: Professor

text: of

text: Space

text: Physics

text: at

text: Imperial

text: College

text: London

text: She

text: is

text: leading

text: unmanned

text: exploratory

text: missions

text: to

text: Saturn

text: and

text: Jupiter

text: and

text: is

text: Principal

text: Investigator

text: for

text: MAG

text: magnetometer

text: for

text: the

text: JUpiter

text: ICy

text: moons

text: Explorer

text: JUICE

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Space

text: Agencies

text: ESA

text: due

text: for

text: launch

text: June

text: An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that could be or not state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the United Kingdom i.e. Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge) as a form of honor. The other types of academy is an academy of arts (see Academy of Arts) or combination of both (i.e. American Academy of Arts and Sciences).

text: An

text: academy

text: of

text: sciences

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: learned

text: society

text: or

text: academy

text: as

text: special

text: scientific

text: institution

text: dedicated

text: to

text: sciences

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: or

text: not

text: state

text: funded

text: Some

text: state

text: funded

text: academies

text: are

text: tuned

text: into

text: national

text: or

text: royal

text: in

text: case

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: i.e.

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: London

text: for

text: Improving

text: Natural

text: Knowledge

text: as

text: form

text: of

text: honor

text: The

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: academy

text: is

text: an

text: academy

text: of

text: arts

text: see

text: Academy

text: of

text: Arts

text: or

text: combination

text: of

text: both

text: i.e.

text: American

text: Academy

text: of

text: Arts

text: and

text: Sciences

text: Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS & HonFRS) is an award and fellowship granted by the Royal Society of London to individuals the society judges to have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science".

text: Fellowship

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: FRS

text: ForMemRS

text: HonFRS

text: is

text: an

text: award

text: and

text: fellowship

text: granted

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: London

text: to

text: individuals

text: the

text: society

text: judges

text: to

text: have

text: made

text: substantial

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: improvement

text: of

text: natural

text: knowledge

text: including

text: mathematics

text: engineering

text: science

text: and

text: medical

text: science

text: Sir Joseph John Thomson (18 December 1856  30 August 1940) was an English physicist. He was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society of London and appointed to the Cavendish Professorship of Experimental Physics at the Cambridge University's Cavendish Laboratory in 1884.

text: Sir

text: Joseph

text: John

text: Thomson

text: December

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: physicist

text: He

text: was

text: elected

text: as

text: fellow

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: appointed

text: to

text: the

text: Cavendish

text: Professorship

text: of

text: Experimental

text: Physics

text: at

text: the

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: 's

text: Cavendish

text: Laboratory

text: in

text:
The Royal Medal, also known as The Queen's Medal, is a silver-gilt medal awarded each year by the Royal Society, two for "the most important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge" and one for "distinguished contributions in the applied sciences" made within the Commonwealth of Nations. The award was created by George IV and first awarded in 1826. Initially there were two medals awarded, both for the most important discovery within the last year, a time period which was lengthened to five years and then shortened to three. The format was supported by William IV and Victoria, who had the conditions changed in 1837 so that mathematics was a subject for which a Royal Medal could be awarded, albeit only every third year. The conditions were changed again in 1850 so that:
"... the Royal Medals in each year should be awarded for the two most important contributions to the advancement of Natural Knowledge, published originally in Her Majesty's dominions within a period of not more than ten years and not less than one year of the date of the award, subject, of course, to Her Majesty's approval. ... in the award of the Royal Medals, one should be given in each of the two great divisions of Natural Knowledge."

text: The

text: Royal

text: Medal

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Queen

text: 's

text: Medal

text: is

text: silver

text: gilt

text: medal

text: awarded

text: each

text: year

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: two

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: contributions

text: to

text: the

text: advancement

text: of

text: natural

text: knowledge

text: and

text: one

text: for

text: distinguished

text: contributions

text: in

text: the

text: applied

text: sciences

text: made

text: within

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: The

text: award

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: George

text: IV

text: and

text: first

text: awarded

text: in

text: Initially

text: there

text: were

text: two

text: medals

text: awarded

text: both

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: discovery

text: within

text: the

text: last

text: year

text: time

text: period

text: which

text: was

text: lengthened

text: to

text: five

text: years

text: and

text: then

text: shortened

text: to

text: three

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: William

text: IV

text: and

text: Victoria

text: who

text: had

text: the

text: conditions

text: changed

text: in

text: so

text: that

text: mathematics

text: was

text: subject

text: for

text: which

text: Royal

text: Medal

text: could

text: be

text: awarded

text: albeit

text: only

text: every

text: third

text: year

text: The

text: conditions

text: were

text: changed

text: again

text: in

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: Royal

text: Medals

text: in

text: each

text: year

text: should

text: be

text: awarded

text: for

text: the

text: two

text: most

text: important

text: contributions

text: to

text: the

text: advancement

text: of

text: Natural

text: Knowledge

text: published

text: originally

text: in

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: dominions

text: within

text: period

text: of

text: not

text: more

text: than

text: ten

text: years

text: and

text: not

text: less

text: than

text: one

text: year

text: of

text: the

text: date

text: of

text: the

text: award

text: subject

text: of

text: course

text: to

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: approval

text: in

text: the

text: award

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Medals

text: one

text: should

text: be

text: given

text: in

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: great

text: divisions

text: of

text: Natural

text: Knowledge

text: The Hughes Medal is awarded by the Royal Society of London "in recognition of an original discovery in the physical sciences, particularly electricity and magnetism or their applications". Named after David E. Hughes, the medal is awarded with a gift of £1000. The medal was first awarded in 1902 to J. J. Thomson "for his numerous contributions to electric science, especially in reference to the phenomena of electric discharge in gases", and has since been awarded over one-hundred times. Unlike other Royal Society medals, the Hughes Medal has never been awarded to the same individual more than once. A recent recipient was Michele Dougherty, who was awarded the medal "for innovative use of magnetic field data that led to discovery of an atmosphere around one of Saturn's moons and the way it revolutionised our view of the role of planetary moons in the Solar System".

text: The

text: Hughes

text: Medal

text: is

text: awarded

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: London

text: in

text: recognition

text: of

text: an

text: original

text: discovery

text: in

text: the

text: physical

text: sciences

text: particularly

text: electricity

text: and

text: magnetism

text: or

text: their

text: applications

text: Named

text: after

text: David

text: Hughes

text: the

text: medal

text: is

text: awarded

text: with

text: gift

text: of

text: The

text: medal

text: was

text: first

text: awarded

text: in

text: to

text: Thomson

text: for

text: his

text: numerous

text: contributions

text: to

text: electric

text: science

text: especially

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: phenomena

text: of

text: electric

text: discharge

text: in

text: gases

text: and

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: awarded

text: over

text: one

text: hundred

text: times

text: Unlike

text: other

text: Royal

text: Society

text: medals

text: the

text: Hughes

text: Medal

text: has

text: never

text: been

text: awarded

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: individual

text: more

text: than

text: once

text: recent

text: recipient

text: was

text: Michele

text: Dougherty

text: who

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: medal

text: for

text: innovative

text: use

text: of

text: magnetic

text: field

text: data

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: discovery

text: of

text: an

text: atmosphere

text: around

text: one

text: of

text: Saturn

text: 's

text: moons

text: and

text: the

text: way

text: it

text: revolutionised

text: our

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: planetary

text: moons

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (born 1952) is an Indian-American-British structural biologist of Indian origin. He is the current President of the Royal Society, having held the position since November 2015. In 2009 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada Yonath, "for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome".

text: Venkatraman

text: Venki

text: Ramakrishnan

text: born

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: American

text: British

text: structural

text: biologist

text: of

text: Indian

text: origin

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: current

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: having

text: held

text: the

text: position

text: since

text: November

text: In

text: he

text: shared

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Chemistry

text: with

text: Thomas

text: Steitz

text: and

text: Ada

text: Yonath

text: for

text: studies

text: of

text: the

text: structure

text: and

text: function

text: of

text: the

text: ribosome

text: In 1965, with Hirsch, Whelan, Pashley and Nicholson, he published the seminal text "Electron Microscopy of Thin Crystals". He was elected to the Royal Society in 1978 and awarded their Royal Medal in 1999. In 1992 he was awarded the Guthrie Medal and Prize. He was head of the Cavendish Laboratory from 1989-1997.

text: In

text: with

text: Hirsch

text: Whelan

text: Pashley

text: and

text: Nicholson

text: he

text: published

text: the

text: seminal

text: text

text: Electron

text: Microscopy

text: of

text: Thin

text: Crystals

text: He

text: was

text: elected

text: to

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: in

text: and

text: awarded

text: their

text: Royal

text: Medal

text: in

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Guthrie

text: Medal

text: and

text: Prize

text: He

text: was

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Cavendish

text: Laboratory

text: from

annotations: follows multiple

question: award_received m. j. whelan

answer: fellow of the royal society

text: fellow of the royal society

text: fellow of the royal society


text: Tajikistan (, or ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ("Çumhuriji Toçikiston"), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

text: Tajikistan

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: Çumhuriji

text: Toçikiston

text: is

text: mountainous

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Pakistan

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: separated

text: by

text: the

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: Traditional

text: homelands

text: of

text: Tajik

text: people

text: included

text: present

text: day

text: Tajikistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: Islam (' ;) is a religion articulated by the Quran, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God ('), and, for the vast majority of adherents, the teachings and normative example (called the "sunnah", composed of accounts called "hadith") of Muhammad (5708 June 632 CE). It is the world's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world, with over 1.7 billion followers or 23% of the global population, known as Muslims. Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion that upholds that God is one and incomparable and that the purpose of existence is to worship God. Muslims consider Muhammad to be the last prophet of God.

text: Islam

text: is

text: religion

text: articulated

text: by

text: the

text: Quran

text: text

text: considered

text: by

text: its

text: adherents

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: verbatim

text: word

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: adherents

text: the

text: teachings

text: and

text: normative

text: example

text: called

text: the

text: sunnah

text: composed

text: of

text: accounts

text: called

text: hadith

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: June

text: CE

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: religion

text: and

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: major

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Muslims

text: Islam

text: is

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: that

text: upholds

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: one

text: and

text: incomparable

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: existence

text: is

text: to

text: worship

text: God

text: Muslims

text: consider

text: Muhammad

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: last

text: prophet

text: of

text: God

text: Nawa-i-Waqt is an Urdu daily newspaper in Pakistan. It was launched on March 23, 1940, under the leadership of Hameed Nizami (3 Oct 1915-22 Feb 1962). Hameed Nizami was the founder of this newspaper. His younger brother Majid Nizami (3 April 1928-26 July 2014) was the chief editor and publisher of "Nawa-i-Waqt Group of Publications" until he died in 2014. It is one of the most influential newspapers in the country. It has a special position in Pakistan's media, as the guardian of Pakistan's ideology, with well-established center-right and nationalist credentials. Currently, it is one of the four top influential Urdu newspapers in Pakistan. In 2016, Rameeza Majid Nizami (daughter of Majid Nizami) serves as the Managing Director of "Nawa-i-Waqt Group of Publications" and was also elected as the Senior Vice President of All Pakistan Newspapers Society (APNS).

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: is

text: an

text: Urdu

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: It

text: was

text: launched

text: on

text: March

text: under

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: Hameed

text: Nizami

text: Oct

text: Feb

text: Hameed

text: Nizami

text: was

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: this

text: newspaper

text: His

text: younger

text: brother

text: Majid

text: Nizami

text: April

text: July

text: was

text: the

text: chief

text: editor

text: and

text: publisher

text: of

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: Group

text: of

text: Publications

text: until

text: he

text: died

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: newspapers

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: It

text: has

text: special

text: position

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: media

text: as

text: the

text: guardian

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: ideology

text: with

text: well

text: established

text: center

text: right

text: and

text: nationalist

text: credentials

text: Currently

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: top

text: influential

text: Urdu

text: newspapers

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: In

text: Rameeza

text: Majid

text: Nizami

text: daughter

text: of

text: Majid

text: Nizami

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: Managing

text: Director

text: of

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: Group

text: of

text: Publications

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: elected

text: as

text: the

text: Senior

text: Vice

text: President

text: of

text: All

text: Pakistan

text: Newspapers

text: Society

text: APNS

text: Majid Nizami ( April 3 , 1928 -- July 26 , 2014 ) , was a chief editor and publisher of Nawa - i - Waqt Group of Publications of Pakistan . Nawa - i - Waqt was founded by Majid 's brother , Hameed Nizami . He was also the chairman of Nazaria - i - Pakistan Trust . He was educated at Islamia College , Lahore .

text: Majid

text: Nizami

text: April

text: July

text: was

text: chief

text: editor

text: and

text: publisher

text: of

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: Group

text: of

text: Publications

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Majid

text: 's

text: brother

text: Hameed

text: Nizami

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: chairman

text: of

text: Nazaria

text: Pakistan

text: Trust

text: He

text: was

text: educated

text: at

text: Islamia

text: College

text: Lahore

text: Urdu ( or Modern Standard Urdu) is a standardised register of the Hindustani language. It is the and "lingua franca" of Pakistan, and an official language of six states of India. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India. Hyderabad, Rampur, Badayun, Bhopal and Lucknow are noted Urdu-speaking cities of India.

text: Urdu

text: or

text: Modern

text: Standard

text: Urdu

text: is

text: standardised

text: register

text: of

text: the

text: Hindustani

text: language

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: and

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: six

text: states

text: of

text: India

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: official

text: languages

text: recognized

text: in

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: India

text: Hyderabad

text: Rampur

text: Badayun

text: Bhopal

text: and

text: Lucknow

text: are

text: noted

text: Urdu

text: speaking

text: cities

text: of

text: India

text: Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , "Afnistn"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world.

text: Afghanistan

text: Pashto

text: Dari

text: Afnistn

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: located

text: within

text: South

text: Asia

text: and

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Pakistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: Iran

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Turkmenistan

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: Its

text: territory

text: covers

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.

text: China

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: is

text: unitary

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: billion

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: Beijing

text: It

text: exercises

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: provinces

text: five

text: autonomous

text: regions

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: Beijing

text: Tianjin

text: Shanghai

text: and

text: Chongqing

text: and

text: two

text: mostly

text: self

text: governing

text: special

text: administrative

text: regions

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macau

text: and

text: claims

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: Taiwan

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Shanghai

text: Guangzhou

text: Beijing

text: Chongqing

text: Shenzhen

text: Tianjin

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: China

text: is

text: great

text: power

text: and

text: major

text: regional

text: power

text: within

text: Asia

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: characterized

text: as

text: potential

text: superpower

text: Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.

text: Iran

text: also

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Persia

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iran

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: by

text: Armenia

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: Nagorno

text: Karabakh

text: Republic

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: by

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Iraq

text: Comprising

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Iran

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: with

text: both

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: and

text: an

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: coastline

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: central

text: location

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Hormuz

text: make

text: it

text: of

text: great

text: geostrategic

text: importance

text: Tehran

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: leading

text: economic

text: center

text: Pakistan (or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman.

text: Pakistan

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: on

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: population

text: exceeding

text: million

text: people

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: covering

text: Pakistan

text: has

text: coastline

text: along

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: India

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: respectively

text: It

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: Tajikistan

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: 's

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: also

text: shares

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Oman

text: Hameed Nizami (Punjabi, ; b. 3 October 1915  22 February 1962), was an eminent journalist, literary figure, Pakistan Movement activist, and the founder as well as the editor-in-chief of the Urdu-language newspaper, the "Nawa-i-Waqt" (lit. 'The Voice of the Time').

text: Hameed

text: Nizami

text: Punjabi

text: October

text: February

text: was

text: an

text: eminent

text: journalist

text: literary

text: figure

text: Pakistan

text: Movement

text: activist

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: editor

text: in

text: chief

text: of

text: the

text: Urdu

text: language

text: newspaper

text: the

text: Nawa

text: Waqt

text: lit

text: The

text: Voice

text: of

text: the

text: Time

text: An Islamic republic is the name given to several states in countries ruled by Islamic laws, including the Islamic Republics of Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan first adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Iranian Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty. Afghanistan adopted it in 1992 (in 19962001 the Taliban was ruling as an Islamic emirate (monarchy)) upon Jamiat-e Islami seizing capital Kabul from the Communists. Despite the similar name the countries differ greatly in their governments and laws.

text: An

text: Islamic

text: republic

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: several

text: states

text: in

text: countries

text: ruled

text: by

text: Islamic

text: laws

text: including

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republics

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: Iran

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Mauritania

text: Pakistan

text: first

text: adopted

text: the

text: title

text: under

text: the

text: constitution

text: of

text: Mauritania

text: adopted

text: it

text: on

text: November

text: Iran

text: adopted

text: it

text: after

text: the

text: Iranian

text: Revolution

text: that

text: overthrew

text: the

text: Pahlavi

text: dynasty

text: Afghanistan

text: adopted

text: it

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Taliban

text: was

text: ruling

text: as

text: an

text: Islamic

text: emirate

text: monarchy

text: upon

text: Jamiat

text: Islami

text: seizing

text: capital

text: Kabul

text: from

text: the

text: Communists

text: Despite

text: the

text: similar

text: name

text: the

text: countries

text: differ

text: greatly

text: in

text: their

text: governments

text: and

text: laws

question: date_of_birth majid nizami

answer: 3 april 1928

text: 3 april 1928