text: Huang Jianxin (born 1954) is a Chinese film director. He is normally considered part of the fifth generation of Chinese filmmakers (a group that includes Chen Kaige, Zhang Yimou and Tian Zhuangzhuang), due to shared traits in his works, although he was not a strictly a member of the inaugural 1982 class of the Beijing Film Academy. Additionally, Huang's films are distinguished from his contemporaries in that they focused on urban contemporary life, as contrasted to historical period dramas, as well as for their satirical observations of the Chinese bureaucracy.

text: Huang

text: Jianxin

text: born

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: director

text: He

text: is

text: normally

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: fifth

text: generation

text: of

text: Chinese

text: filmmakers

text: group

text: that

text: includes

text: Chen

text: Kaige

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: and

text: Tian

text: Zhuangzhuang

text: due

text: to

text: shared

text: traits

text: in

text: his

text: works

text: although

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: strictly

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: inaugural

text: class

text: of

text: the

text: Beijing

text: Film

text: Academy

text: Additionally

text: Huang

text: 's

text: films

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: his

text: contemporaries

text: in

text: that

text: they

text: focused

text: on

text: urban

text: contemporary

text: life

text: as

text: contrasted

text: to

text: historical

text: period

text: dramas

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: for

text: their

text: satirical

text: observations

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: bureaucracy

text: In filmmaking, visual effects (abbreviated VFX) are the processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shot.

text: In

text: filmmaking

text: visual

text: effects

text: abbreviated

text: VFX

text: are

text: the

text: processes

text: by

text: which

text: imagery

text: is

text: created

text: and/or

text: manipulated

text: outside

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: live

text: action

text: shot

text: The 24th Hong Kong Film Awards ceremony was held on 27 March 2005, in the Hong Kong Coliseum and hosted by Carol Cheng and Lawrence Cheng. Twenty-nine winners in nineteen categories were unveiled, with films "Kung Fu Hustle" and "2046" being the year's biggest winners. In conjunction with a hundred years of the Chinese cinema, a list of Best 100 Chinese Motion Pictures, consisting of 103 Chinese films selected by a panel of 101 filmmakers, critics and scholars, was also unveiled during the ceremony.

text: The

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Film

text: Awards

text: ceremony

text: was

text: held

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: the

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Coliseum

text: and

text: hosted

text: by

text: Carol

text: Cheng

text: and

text: Lawrence

text: Cheng

text: Twenty

text: nine

text: winners

text: in

text: nineteen

text: categories

text: were

text: unveiled

text: with

text: films

text: Kung

text: Fu

text: Hustle

text: and

text: being

text: the

text: year

text: 's

text: biggest

text: winners

text: In

text: conjunction

text: with

text: hundred

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: cinema

text: list

text: of

text: Best

text: Chinese

text: Motion

text: Pictures

text: consisting

text: of

text: Chinese

text: films

text: selected

text: by

text: panel

text: of

text: filmmakers

text: critics

text: and

text: scholars

text: was

text: also

text: unveiled

text: during

text: the

text: ceremony

text: Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusionas in motion pictures in generalis thought to rely on the phi phenomenon. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation, and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced.

text: Animation

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: making

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: motion

text: and

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: change

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: the

text: rapid

text: display

text: of

text: sequence

text: of

text: images

text: that

text: minimally

text: differ

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: The

text: illusionas

text: in

text: motion

text: pictures

text: in

text: generalis

text: thought

text: to

text: rely

text: on

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: Animators

text: are

text: artists

text: who

text: specialize

text: in

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: animation

text: Animation

text: can

text: be

text: recorded

text: with

text: either

text: analogue

text: media

text: flip

text: book

text: motion

text: picture

text: film

text: video

text: tape

text: digital

text: media

text: including

text: formats

text: with

text: animated

text: GIF

text: Flash

text: animation

text: and

text: digital

text: video

text: To

text: display

text: animation

text: digital

text: camera

text: computer

text: or

text: projector

text: are

text: used

text: along

text: with

text: new

text: technologies

text: that

text: are

text: produced

text: Codename Cougar (also known as Codename: Cougar, Operation Cougar or The Puma Action) is a 1989 Chinese thriller film. It was co-directed by Zhang Yimou and Yang Fengliang. Unlike the bulk of Zhang's early works (ranging from 1986's "Red Sorghum" to 1995's "Shanghai Triad"), which were all historical pieces, "Codename Cougar" is a modern thriller involving a skyjacked airliner and political intrigue.

text: Codename

text: Cougar

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Codename

text: Cougar

text: Operation

text: Cougar

text: or

text: The

text: Puma

text: Action

text: is

text: Chinese

text: thriller

text: film

text: It

text: was

text: co

text: directed

text: by

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: and

text: Yang

text: Fengliang

text: Unlike

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: Zhang

text: 's

text: early

text: works

text: ranging

text: from

text: 's

text: Red

text: Sorghum

text: to

text: 's

text: Shanghai

text: Triad

text: which

text: were

text: all

text: historical

text: pieces

text: Codename

text: Cougar

text: is

text: modern

text: thriller

text: involving

text: skyjacked

text: airliner

text: and

text: political

text: intrigue

text: Shanghai Triad is a 1995 Chinese film, directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Gong Li, based on Li Xiao's 1994 novel. The film is set in the criminal underworld of 1930s Shanghai, Republic of China and spans seven days. "Shanghai Triad's" Chinese title reads "Row, row, row to Grandma Bridge", refers to a well known traditional Chinese lullaby.

text: Shanghai

text: Triad

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: and

text: starring

text: Gong

text: Li

text: based

text: on

text: Li

text: Xiao

text: 's

text: novel

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: criminal

text: underworld

text: of

text: Shanghai

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: spans

text: seven

text: days

text: Shanghai

text: Triad

text: 's

text: Chinese

text: title

text: reads

text: Row

text: row

text: row

text: to

text: Grandma

text: Bridge

text: refers

text: to

text: well

text: known

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: lullaby

text: Tian Zhuangzhuang (; born April 1952 in Beijing, China) is a Chinese film director and producer.

text: Tian

text: Zhuangzhuang

text: born

text: April

text: in

text: Beijing

text: China

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: director

text: and

text: producer

text: A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual, interesting, or eccentric characters. The term, often contrasted with that of leading actor, is somewhat abstract and open to interpretation. In a literal sense, all actors can be considered character actors since they all play "characters", but in the usual sense it is an actor who plays a distinctive and important supporting role.

text: character

text: actor

text: or

text: character

text: actress

text: is

text: supporting

text: actor

text: who

text: plays

text: unusual

text: interesting

text: or

text: eccentric

text: characters

text: The

text: term

text: often

text: contrasted

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: leading

text: actor

text: is

text: somewhat

text: abstract

text: and

text: open

text: to

text: interpretation

text: In

text: literal

text: sense

text: all

text: actors

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: character

text: actors

text: since

text: they

text: all

text: play

text: characters

text: but

text: in

text: the

text: usual

text: sense

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: actor

text: who

text: plays

text: distinctive

text: and

text: important

text: supporting

text: role

text: The Palme d'Or is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was introduced in 1955 by the organising committee. From 1939 to 1954, the highest prize was the "Grand Prix du Festival International du Film".

text: The

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: prize

text: awarded

text: at

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: It

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: organising

text: committee

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: highest

text: prize

text: was

text: the

text: Grand

text: Prix

text: du

text: Festival

text: International

text: du

text: Film

text: An audience is a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature (in which they are called "readers"), theatre, music (in which they are called "listeners"), video games (in which they are called "players"), or academics in any medium. Audience members participate in different ways in different kinds of art; some events invite overt audience participation and others allowing only modest clapping and criticism and reception.

text: An

text: audience

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: participate

text: in

text: show

text: or

text: encounter

text: work

text: of

text: art

text: literature

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: readers

text: theatre

text: music

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: listeners

text: video

text: games

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: players

text: or

text: academics

text: in

text: any

text: medium

text: Audience

text: members

text: participate

text: in

text: different

text: ways

text: in

text: different

text: kinds

text: of

text: art

text: some

text: events

text: invite

text: overt

text: audience

text: participation

text: and

text: others

text: allowing

text: only

text: modest

text: clapping

text: and

text: criticism

text: and

text: reception

text: The 46th Cannes Film Festival was held on May 1324, 1993. The Palme d'Or went to "Farewell My Concubine" by Chen Kaige and "The Piano" by Jane Campion.

text: The

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: was

text: held

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: went

text: to

text: Farewell

text: My

text: Concubine

text: by

text: Chen

text: Kaige

text: and

text: The

text: Piano

text: by

text: Jane

text: Campion

text: A supporting actor is an actor who performs a role in a play or film below that of the leading actor(s), and above that of a bit part. In recognition of important nature of this work, the theater and film industries give separate awards to the best supporting actors and actresses.

text: supporting

text: actor

text: is

text: an

text: actor

text: who

text: performs

text: role

text: in

text: play

text: or

text: film

text: below

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: actor(s

text: and

text: above

text: that

text: of

text: bit

text: part

text: In

text: recognition

text: of

text: important

text: nature

text: of

text: this

text: work

text: the

text: theater

text: and

text: film

text: industries

text: give

text: separate

text: awards

text: to

text: the

text: best

text: supporting

text: actors

text: and

text: actresses

text: Zhang Yimou (born 2 April 1950) is a Chinese film director, producer, writer and actor, and former cinematographer. He is counted amongst the Fifth Generation of Chinese filmmakers, having made his directorial debut in 1987 with "Red Sorghum".

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: director

text: producer

text: writer

text: and

text: actor

text: and

text: former

text: cinematographer

text: He

text: is

text: counted

text: amongst

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Generation

text: of

text: Chinese

text: filmmakers

text: having

text: made

text: his

text: directorial

text: debut

text: in

text: with

text: Red

text: Sorghum

text: A bureaucracy is "a body of non-elective government officials" and/or "an administrative policy-making group". Historically, bureaucracy was government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large institution. The public administration in many countries is an example of a bureaucracy.

text: bureaucracy

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: non

text: elective

text: government

text: officials

text: and/or

text: an

text: administrative

text: policy

text: making

text: group

text: Historically

text: bureaucracy

text: was

text: government

text: administration

text: managed

text: by

text: departments

text: staffed

text: with

text: non

text: elected

text: officials

text: Today

text: bureaucracy

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: system

text: governing

text: any

text: large

text: institution

text: The

text: public

text: administration

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: bureaucracy

text: Cinematography is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.

text: Cinematography

text: is

text: the

text: science

text: or

text: art

text: of

text: motion

text: picture

text: photography

text: by

text: recording

text: light

text: or

text: other

text: electromagnetic

text: radiation

text: either

text: electronically

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: an

text: image

text: sensor

text: or

text: chemically

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: light

text: sensitive

text: material

text: such

text: as

text: film

text: stock

text: A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film.

text: film

text: director

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: directs

text: the

text: making

text: of

text: film

text: Generally

text: film

text: director

text: controls

text: film

text: 's

text: artistic

text: and

text: dramatic

text: aspects

text: and

text: visualizes

text: the

text: script

text: while

text: guiding

text: the

text: technical

text: crew

text: and

text: actors

text: in

text: the

text: fulfillment

text: of

text: that

text: vision

text: The

text: director

text: has

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: choosing

text: the

text: cast

text: members

text: production

text: design

text: and

text: the

text: creative

text: aspects

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: Under

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: the

text: director

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Wang Xueqi ( Chinese :  ; born 1946 ) is a Chinese film actor whose career has spanned over 25 years . He was often cast in early Fifth Generation films , such as Chen Kaige 's Yellow Earth ( 1984 ) and The Big Parade ( 1986 ) , Huang Jianxin 's Samsara , and Zhang Yimou 's Codename Cougar ( 1989 ) . He has since carved out a niche in the Chinese market as a character actor . He has recently appeared in award - winning roles in Forever Enthralled ( 2008 ) and Bodyguards and Assassins ( 2009 ) Wang has also directed one film , Sun Bird , which the screenwriter Yang Liping also co-directed . The film won a Special Grand Prize of the Jury at the Montreal World Film Festival .

text: Wang

text: Xueqi

text: Chinese

text: born

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: actor

text: whose

text: career

text: has

text: spanned

text: over

text: years

text: He

text: was

text: often

text: cast

text: in

text: early

text: Fifth

text: Generation

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: Chen

text: Kaige

text: 's

text: Yellow

text: Earth

text: and

text: The

text: Big

text: Parade

text: Huang

text: Jianxin

text: 's

text: Samsara

text: and

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: 's

text: Codename

text: Cougar

text: He

text: has

text: since

text: carved

text: out

text: niche

text: in

text: the

text: Chinese

text: market

text: as

text: character

text: actor

text: He

text: has

text: recently

text: appeared

text: in

text: award

text: winning

text: roles

text: in

text: Forever

text: Enthralled

text: and

text: Bodyguards

text: and

text: Assassins

text: Wang

text: has

text: also

text: directed

text: one

text: film

text: Sun

text: Bird

text: which

text: the

text: screenwriter

text: Yang

text: Liping

text: also

text: co

text: directed

text: The

text: film

text: won

text: Special

text: Grand

text: Prize

text: of

text: the

text: Jury

text: at

text: the

text: Montreal

text: World

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Yang Fengliang is a Chinese film director. He is best known for co-directing the Oscar-nominated film "Ju Dou" (1990) with Zhang Yimou.

text: Yang

text: Fengliang

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: director

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: co

text: directing

text: the

text: Oscar

text: nominated

text: film

text: Ju

text: Dou

text: with

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: Filmmaking (or in an academic context, film production) is the process of making a film. Filmmaking involves a number of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or commission, through screenwriting, casting, shooting, sound recording and reproduction, editing, and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition. Filmmaking takes place in many places around the world in a range of economic, social, and political contexts, and using a variety of technologies and cinematic techniques. Typically, it involves a large number of people, and can take from a few months to several years to complete.

text: Filmmaking

text: or

text: in

text: an

text: academic

text: context

text: film

text: production

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: making

text: film

text: Filmmaking

text: involves

text: number

text: of

text: discrete

text: stages

text: including

text: an

text: initial

text: story

text: idea

text: or

text: commission

text: through

text: screenwriting

text: casting

text: shooting

text: sound

text: recording

text: and

text: reproduction

text: editing

text: and

text: screening

text: the

text: finished

text: product

text: before

text: an

text: audience

text: that

text: may

text: result

text: in

text: film

text: release

text: and

text: exhibition

text: Filmmaking

text: takes

text: place

text: in

text: many

text: places

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: range

text: of

text: economic

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: contexts

text: and

text: using

text: variety

text: of

text: technologies

text: and

text: cinematic

text: techniques

text: Typically

text: it

text: involves

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: and

text: can

text: take

text: from

text: few

text: months

text: to

text: several

text: years

text: to

text: complete

text: Beijing Film Academy (abbreviated BFA) is a coeducational state-run higher education institution in Beijing, China. The film school is the largest institution specialising in the tertiary education for film and television production in Asia. The academy has earned international recognition for its achievements in film production.

text: Beijing

text: Film

text: Academy

text: abbreviated

text: BFA

text: is

text: coeducational

text: state

text: run

text: higher

text: education

text: institution

text: in

text: Beijing

text: China

text: The

text: film

text: school

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: institution

text: specialising

text: in

text: the

text: tertiary

text: education

text: for

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: production

text: in

text: Asia

text: The

text: academy

text: has

text: earned

text: international

text: recognition

text: for

text: its

text: achievements

text: in

text: film

text: production

text: Yellow Earth is a 1984 Chinese drama film. It was the directorial debut for Chen Kaige. The film's notable cinematography is by Zhang Yimou. At the 24th Hong Kong Film Awards ceremony on 27 March 2005, a list of 100 Best Chinese Motion Pictures was tallied, and "Yellow Earth" came in fourth. The film was produced by Guangxi Film Studio.

text: Yellow

text: Earth

text: is

text: Chinese

text: drama

text: film

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: directorial

text: debut

text: for

text: Chen

text: Kaige

text: The

text: film

text: 's

text: notable

text: cinematography

text: is

text: by

text: Zhang

text: Yimou

text: At

text: the

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Film

text: Awards

text: ceremony

text: on

text: March

text: list

text: of

text: Best

text: Chinese

text: Motion

text: Pictures

text: was

text: tallied

text: and

text: Yellow

text: Earth

text: came

text: in

text: fourth

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Guangxi

text: Film

text: Studio

text: Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power. In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.

text: Art

text: is

text: diverse

text: range

text: of

text: human

text: activities

text: in

text: creating

text: visual

text: auditory

text: or

text: performing

text: artifacts

text: artworks

text: expressing

text: the

text: author

text: 's

text: imaginative

text: or

text: technical

text: skill

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: appreciated

text: for

text: their

text: beauty

text: or

text: emotional

text: power

text: In

text: their

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: these

text: activities

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: art

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: dissemination

text: of

text: art

text: Computer animation is the process used for generating animated images. The more general term computer-generated imagery (CGI) encompasses both static scenes and dynamic images, while computer animation "only" refers to the moving images. Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics, although 2D computer graphics are still used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster real-time renderings. Sometimes, the target of the animation is the computer itself, but sometimes film as well.

text: Computer

text: animation

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: used

text: for

text: generating

text: animated

text: images

text: The

text: more

text: general

text: term

text: computer

text: generated

text: imagery

text: CGI

text: encompasses

text: both

text: static

text: scenes

text: and

text: dynamic

text: images

text: while

text: computer

text: animation

text: only

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: moving

text: images

text: Modern

text: computer

text: animation

text: usually

text: uses

text: computer

text: graphics

text: although

text: computer

text: graphics

text: are

text: still

text: used

text: for

text: stylistic

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: and

text: faster

text: real

text: time

text: renderings

text: Sometimes

text: the

text: target

text: of

text: the

text: animation

text: is

text: the

text: computer

text: itself

text: but

text: sometimes

text: film

text: as

text: well

text: The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium. At present it has members in more than 50 countries worldwide.

text: The

text: International

text: Federation

text: of

text: Film

text: Critics

text: FIPRESCI

text: short

text: for

text: Fédération

text: Internationale

text: de

text: la

text: Presse

text: Cinématographique

text: is

text: an

text: association

text: of

text: national

text: organizations

text: of

text: professional

text: film

text: critics

text: and

text: film

text: journalists

text: from

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: for

text: the

text: promotion

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: film

text: culture

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: safeguarding

text: of

text: professional

text: interests

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: June

text: in

text: Brussels

text: Belgium

text: At

text: present

text: it

text: has

text: members

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: countries

text: worldwide

text: A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects.

text: film

text: also

text: called

text: movie

text: motion

text: picture

text: theatrical

text: film

text: or

text: photoplay

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: still

text: images

text: which

text: when

text: shown

text: on

text: screen

text: creates

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: moving

text: images

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: This

text: optical

text: illusion

text: causes

text: the

text: audience

text: to

text: perceive

text: continuous

text: motion

text: between

text: separate

text: objects

text: viewed

text: rapidly

text: in

text: succession

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: is

text: both

text: an

text: art

text: and

text: an

text: industry

text: film

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: photographing

text: actual

text: scenes

text: with

text: motion

text: picture

text: camera

text: by

text: photographing

text: drawings

text: or

text: miniature

text: models

text: using

text: traditional

text: animation

text: techniques

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: CGI

text: and

text: computer

text: animation

text: or

text: by

text: combination

text: of

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: techniques

text: and

text: other

text: visual

text: effects

text: The phi phenomenon is the optical illusion of perceiving a series of still images, when viewed in rapid succession, as continuous motion. Max Wertheimer, one of the three founders of Gestalt psychology, defined this phenomenon in 1912. The phi phenomenon and persistence of vision together formed the foundation of Hugo Münsterberg's theory of film and are part of the process of motion perception.

text: The

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: is

text: the

text: optical

text: illusion

text: of

text: perceiving

text: series

text: of

text: still

text: images

text: when

text: viewed

text: in

text: rapid

text: succession

text: as

text: continuous

text: motion

text: Max

text: Wertheimer

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: founders

text: of

text: Gestalt

text: psychology

text: defined

text: this

text: phenomenon

text: in

text: The

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: and

text: persistence

text: of

text: vision

text: together

text: formed

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: Hugo

text: Münsterberg

text: 's

text: theory

text: of

text: film

text: and

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: motion

text: perception

text: Chen Kaige (born August 12, 1952) is a Chinese film director and a leading figure of the fifth generation of Chinese cinema. His films are known for their visual flair and epic storytelling. Chen won the Palme d'Or at 1993 Cannes Film Festival and the International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI) Award in 1993.

text: Chen

text: Kaige

text: born

text: August

text: is

text: Chinese

text: film

text: director

text: and

text: leading

text: figure

text: of

text: the

text: fifth

text: generation

text: of

text: Chinese

text: cinema

text: His

text: films

text: are

text: known

text: for

text: their

text: visual

text: flair

text: and

text: epic

text: storytelling

text: Chen

text: won

text: the

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: at

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Federation

text: of

text: Film

text: Critics

text: FIPRESCI

text: Award

text: in

annotations: follows single

question: place_of_birth wang xueqi

answer: beijing

text: beijing

text: beijing

text: beijing

text: beijing


text: Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a sovereign state in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, and the North Sea. It is a small, densely populated country which covers an area of and has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community, which constitutes about 59% of the population, and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population, which comprises 41% of all Belgians. Additionally, there is a small group of German-speakers who live in the East Cantons located around the High Fens area, and bordering Germany.

text: Belgium

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Belgium

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: France

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Germany

text: Luxembourg

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: It

text: is

text: small

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: which

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: Straddling

text: the

text: cultural

text: boundary

text: between

text: Germanic

text: and

text: Latin

text: Europe

text: Belgium

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: two

text: main

text: linguistic

text: groups

text: the

text: Dutch

text: speaking

text: mostly

text: Flemish

text: community

text: which

text: constitutes

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: speaking

text: mostly

text: Walloon

text: population

text: which

text: comprises

text: of

text: all

text: Belgians

text: Additionally

text: there

text: is

text: small

text: group

text: of

text: German

text: speakers

text: who

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: Cantons

text: located

text: around

text: the

text: High

text: Fens

text: area

text: and

text: bordering

text: Germany

text: The Belgian Olympic and Interfederal Committee, abbreviated to BOIC or COIB, is the National Olympic Committee for Belgium. It was founded in 1906 and the administrative seat is located in Brussels.

text: The

text: Belgian

text: Olympic

text: and

text: Interfederal

text: Committee

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: BOIC

text: or

text: COIB

text: is

text: the

text: National

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: for

text: Belgium

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: seat

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Brussels

text: Baron Édouard-Émile-Albert de Laveleye (Ghent, 22 October 1854-Brussels, 23 November 1938) was a Belgian mining engineer, financier and writer. He was son of Émile de Laveleye (1822-1892) the Belgian economist.

text: Baron

text: Édouard

text: Émile

text: Albert

text: de

text: Laveleye

text: Ghent

text: October

text: November

text: was

text: Belgian

text: mining

text: engineer

text: financier

text: and

text: writer

text: He

text: was

text: son

text: of

text: Émile

text: de

text: Laveleye

text: the

text: Belgian

text: economist

text: Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: is

text: contact

text: team

text: sport

text: played

text: on

text: ice

text: usually

text: in

text: rink

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: skaters

text: use

text: their

text: sticks

text: to

text: shoot

text: vulcanized

text: rubber

text: puck

text: into

text: their

text: opponent

text: 's

text: net

text: to

text: score

text: points

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: teams

text: usually

text: consist

text: of

text: six

text: players

text: each

text: one

text: goaltender

text: and

text: five

text: players

text: who

text: skate

text: up

text: and

text: down

text: the

text: ice

text: trying

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: puck

text: and

text: score

text: goal

text: against

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: A team sport includes any sport which involves two or more players working together towards a shared objective. A team sport is an activity in which individuals are organized into opposing teams which compete to win. Examples are basketball, volleyball, water polo, handball, lacrosse, cricket, baseball, and the various forms of football and hockey.

text: team

text: sport

text: includes

text: any

text: sport

text: which

text: involves

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: players

text: working

text: together

text: towards

text: shared

text: objective

text: team

text: sport

text: is

text: an

text: activity

text: in

text: which

text: individuals

text: are

text: organized

text: into

text: opposing

text: teams

text: which

text: compete

text: to

text: win

text: Examples

text: are

text: basketball

text: volleyball

text: water

text: polo

text: handball

text: lacrosse

text: cricket

text: baseball

text: and

text: the

text: various

text: forms

text: of

text: football

text: and

text: hockey

text: A multi-sport event is an organized sports event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports between organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance is the modern Olympic Games.

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: is

text: an

text: organized

text: sports

text: event

text: often

text: held

text: over

text: multiple

text: days

text: featuring

text: competition

text: in

text: many

text: different

text: sports

text: between

text: organized

text: teams

text: of

text: athletes

text: from

text: mostly

text: nation

text: states

text: The

text: first

text: major

text: modern

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: of

text: international

text: significance

text: is

text: the

text: modern

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: In ice hockey, the goaltender is the player responsible for preventing the hockey puck from entering their team's net, thus preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goaltender usually plays in or near the area in front of the net called the "goal crease" (often referred to simply as " the crease" or "the net"). Goaltenders tend to stay at or beyond the top of the crease to cut down on the angle of shots. In today's age of goaltending there are two common styles, butterfly and hybrid (hybrid is a mix of the traditional stand-up style and butterfly technique). Because of the power of shots, the goaltender wears special equipment designed to protect the body from direct impact. The goalie is one of the most valuable players on the ice, as their performance can greatly change the outcome or score of the game. One-on-one situations, such as breakaways and shootouts, have the tendency to highlight a goaltender's pure skill, or lack thereof. Only one goaltender is allowed to be on the ice for each team at any given time.

text: In

text: ice

text: hockey

text: the

text: goaltender

text: is

text: the

text: player

text: responsible

text: for

text: preventing

text: the

text: hockey

text: puck

text: from

text: entering

text: their

text: team

text: 's

text: net

text: thus

text: preventing

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: from

text: scoring

text: The

text: goaltender

text: usually

text: plays

text: in

text: or

text: near

text: the

text: area

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: net

text: called

text: the

text: goal

text: crease

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: the

text: crease

text: or

text: the

text: net

text: Goaltenders

text: tend

text: to

text: stay

text: at

text: or

text: beyond

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: crease

text: to

text: cut

text: down

text: on

text: the

text: angle

text: of

text: shots

text: In

text: today

text: 's

text: age

text: of

text: goaltending

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: common

text: styles

text: butterfly

text: and

text: hybrid

text: hybrid

text: is

text: mix

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: stand

text: up

text: style

text: and

text: butterfly

text: technique

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: shots

text: the

text: goaltender

text: wears

text: special

text: equipment

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: body

text: from

text: direct

text: impact

text: The

text: goalie

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: valuable

text: players

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: as

text: their

text: performance

text: can

text: greatly

text: change

text: the

text: outcome

text: or

text: score

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: One

text: on

text: one

text: situations

text: such

text: as

text: breakaways

text: and

text: shootouts

text: have

text: the

text: tendency

text: to

text: highlight

text: goaltender

text: 's

text: pure

text: skill

text: or

text: lack

text: thereof

text: Only

text: one

text: goaltender

text: is

text: allowed

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: for

text: each

text: team

text: at

text: any

text: given

text: time

text: Ice is water frozen into a solid state. Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaque bluish-white color.

text: Ice

text: is

text: water

text: frozen

text: into

text: solid

text: state

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: impurities

text: such

text: as

text: particles

text: of

text: soil

text: or

text: bubbles

text: of

text: air

text: it

text: can

text: appear

text: transparent

text: or

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: opaque

text: bluish

text: white

text: color

text:
The 1920 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event in 1920 in Antwerp, Belgium.
In March 1912, during the 13th session of the IOC, the bid on the behalf of Belgium to host the 1920 Summer Olympics was made by Baron Édouard de Laveleye, president of the Belgian Olympic Committee and of the Royal Belgian Football Association. No fixed host city was proposed at the time.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: VII

text: Olympiad

text: were

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: in

text: in

text: Antwerp

text: Belgium

text: In

text: March

text: during

text: the

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: IOC

text: the

text: bid

text: on

text: the

text: behalf

text: of

text: Belgium

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: was

text: made

text: by

text: Baron

text: Édouard

text: de

text: Laveleye

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Belgian

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Belgian

text: Football

text: Association

text: No

text: fixed

text: host

text: city

text: was

text: proposed

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris, France. It was the second time Paris hosted the games, after 1900. The selection process for the 1924 Summer Olympics consisted of six bids, and Paris was selected ahead of Amsterdam, Barcelona, Los Angeles, Prague, and Rome. The selection was made at the 20th IOC Session in Lausanne in 1921.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: VIII

text: Olympiad

text: were

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: which

text: was

text: celebrated

text: in

text: in

text: Paris

text: France

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: time

text: Paris

text: hosted

text: the

text: games

text: after

text: The

text: selection

text: process

text: for

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: consisted

text: of

text: six

text: bids

text: and

text: Paris

text: was

text: selected

text: ahead

text: of

text: Amsterdam

text: Barcelona

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Prague

text: and

text: Rome

text: The

text: selection

text: was

text: made

text: at

text: the

text: IOC

text: Session

text: in

text: Lausanne

text: in

text: The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games (French: Les "Iers Jeux olympiques d'hiver"), were a winter multi-sport event which was held in 1924 in Chamonix, France. Originally called "Semaine Internationale des Sports d'Hiver" ("International Winter Sports Week") and held in association with the 1924 Summer Olympics, the sports competitions were held at the foot of Mont Blanc in Chamonix, and Haute-Savoie, France between January 25 and February 5, 1924. The Games were organized by the French Olympic Committee, and were in retrospect designated by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as the I Olympic Winter Games.

text: The

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Winter

text: Games

text: French

text: Les

text: Iers

text: Jeux

text: olympiques

text: d'hiver

text: were

text: winter

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: which

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: in

text: Chamonix

text: France

text: Originally

text: called

text: Semaine

text: Internationale

text: des

text: Sports

text: d'Hiver

text: International

text: Winter

text: Sports

text: Week

text: and

text: held

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: the

text: sports

text: competitions

text: were

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: in

text: Chamonix

text: and

text: Haute

text: Savoie

text: France

text: between

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: The

text: Games

text: were

text: organized

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: and

text: were

text: in

text: retrospect

text: designated

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: IOC

text: as

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Winter

text: Games

text: Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, more commonly known simply as Chamonix (formerly also spelled Chamounix), is a commune in the Haute-Savoie département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. It was the site of the first Winter Olympics in 1924. The commune's population of around 8,900 ranks 1,089th within the country of France.

text: Chamonix

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: more

text: commonly

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Chamonix

text: formerly

text: also

text: spelled

text: Chamounix

text: is

text: commune

text: in

text: the

text: Haute

text: Savoie

text: département

text: in

text: the

text: Auvergne

text: Rhône

text: Alpes

text: region

text: in

text: south

text: eastern

text: France

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: in

text: The

text: commune

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: ranks

text: within

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: France

text: The International Olympic Committee (IOC; French: Comité international olympique, CIO) is the supreme authority of the worldwide Olympic movement. It is an international, non-profit, non-governmental organization based in Lausanne, Switzerland. Its mission is enshrined in the Olympic Charter: to support the development of competitive sport by ethical and environmentally sustainable means.

text: The

text: International

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: IOC

text: French

text: Comité

text: international

text: olympique

text: CIO

text: is

text: the

text: supreme

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: worldwide

text: Olympic

text: movement

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: non

text: profit

text: non

text: governmental

text: organization

text: based

text: in

text: Lausanne

text: Switzerland

text: Its

text: mission

text: is

text: enshrined

text: in

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Charter

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: competitive

text: sport

text: by

text: ethical

text: and

text: environmentally

text: sustainable

text: means

text: Haute-Savoie (or ' or ') is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of eastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its capital is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva and Switzerland; to the south and southeast are the Mont Blanc and Aravis mountain ranges. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel to Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.

text: Haute

text: Savoie

text: or

text: or

text: is

text: department

text: in

text: the

text: Auvergne

text: Rhône

text: Alpes

text: region

text: of

text: eastern

text: France

text: bordering

text: both

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Italy

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Annecy

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: is

text: Lake

text: Geneva

text: and

text: Switzerland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: are

text: the

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: and

text: Aravis

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: The

text: French

text: entrance

text: to

text: the

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: Tunnel

text: to

text: Italy

text: is

text: in

text: Haute

text: Savoie

text: It

text: is

text: noted

text: for

text: winter

text: sports

text: the

text: first

text: Winter

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: were

text: held

text: at

text: Chamonix

text: in

text: Marius Jaccard ( March 27 , 1898 -- January 19 , 1978 ) was a Swiss ice hockey player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Winter Olympics . In 1920 he participated with the Swiss ice hockey team in the Summer Olympics tournament . Four years later he was also a member of the Swiss team in the first Winter Olympics tournament .

text: Marius

text: Jaccard

text: March

text: January

text: was

text: Swiss

text: ice

text: hockey

text: player

text: who

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: In

text: he

text: participated

text: with

text: the

text: Swiss

text: ice

text: hockey

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: tournament

text: Four

text: years

text: later

text: he

text: was

text: also

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Swiss

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: tournament

text: The Royal Belgian Football Association (Dutch: "Koninklijke Belgische Voetbalbond", KBVB; French: "Union royale belge des sociétés de football association", URBSFA; German: "Königlicher Belgischer Fußballverband", KBFV) is the governing body of football and futsal in Belgium. It is a founding member of the international federations FIFA (in 1904) and UEFA (in 1954). The association is based in Brussels, not far from the King Baudouin Stadium. As of 2015, it is presided over by chairman François De Keersmaecker.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Belgian

text: Football

text: Association

text: Dutch

text: Koninklijke

text: Belgische

text: Voetbalbond

text: KBVB

text: French

text: Union

text: royale

text: belge

text: des

text: sociétés

text: de

text: football

text: association

text: URBSFA

text: German

text: Königlicher

text: Belgischer

text: Fußballverband

text: KBFV

text: is

text: the

text: governing

text: body

text: of

text: football

text: and

text: futsal

text: in

text: Belgium

text: It

text: is

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: federations

text: FIFA

text: in

text: and

text: UEFA

text: in

text: The

text: association

text: is

text: based

text: in

text: Brussels

text: not

text: far

text: from

text: the

text: King

text: Baudouin

text: Stadium

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: presided

text: over

text: by

text: chairman

text: François

text: De

text: Keersmaecker

text:
Mont Blanc or Monte Bianco, both meaning "White Mountain", is the highest mountain in the Alps and the highest in Europe after the Caucasus peaks.
It rises above sea level and is ranked 11th in the world in topographic prominence.

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: or

text: Monte

text: Bianco

text: both

text: meaning

text: White

text: Mountain

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: mountain

text: in

text: the

text: Alps

text: and

text: the

text: highest

text: in

text: Europe

text: after

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: peaks

text: It

text: rises

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: and

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: topographic

text: prominence

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely multiple

question: place_of_birth marius jaccard

answer: geneva

text: geneva


text: Cut Copy (sometimes stylised as Cut/Copy) are an Australian electronic music band formed in 2001 by DJ Dan Whitford (vocals, keyboards and guitar). Initially a home-recording project, the band now includes Tim Hoey (guitars), Ben Browning (bass guitar) and Mitchell Scott (drums). So far they have released four studio albums, an EP and a number of singles and remixes, all on Modular Recordings. They achieved breakthrough success in 2008 with their second album, "In Ghost Colours". Some of their most well-known singles include "Lights & Music", "Hearts on Fire" and "Take Me Over".

text: Cut

text: Copy

text: sometimes

text: stylised

text: as

text: Cut

text: Copy

text: are

text: an

text: Australian

text: electronic

text: music

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: DJ

text: Dan

text: Whitford

text: vocals

text: keyboards

text: and

text: guitar

text: Initially

text: home

text: recording

text: project

text: the

text: band

text: now

text: includes

text: Tim

text: Hoey

text: guitars

text: Ben

text: Browning

text: bass

text: guitar

text: and

text: Mitchell

text: Scott

text: drums

text: So

text: far

text: they

text: have

text: released

text: four

text: studio

text: albums

text: an

text: EP

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: singles

text: and

text: remixes

text: all

text: on

text: Modular

text: Recordings

text: They

text: achieved

text: breakthrough

text: success

text: in

text: with

text: their

text: second

text: album

text: In

text: Ghost

text: Colours

text: Some

text: of

text: their

text: most

text: well

text: known

text: singles

text: include

text: Lights

text: Music

text: Hearts

text: on

text: Fire

text: and

text: Take

text: Me

text: Over

text: In Ghost Colours is the second studio album by Australian electronic music band Cut Copy. It comprises 15 tracks, including a re-recorded version of the single "Hearts on Fire". The album was originally planned as an Australian release for 2007, but was delayed until 2008 to accommodate a simultaneous international release of the recording.

text: In

text: Ghost

text: Colours

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: Australian

text: electronic

text: music

text: band

text: Cut

text: Copy

text: It

text: comprises

text: tracks

text: including

text: re

text: recorded

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: single

text: Hearts

text: on

text: Fire

text: The

text: album

text: was

text: originally

text: planned

text: as

text: an

text: Australian

text: release

text: for

text: but

text: was

text: delayed

text: until

text: to

text: accommodate

text: simultaneous

text: international

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: recording

text: Bright Like Neon Love is the debut album by Australian band Cut Copy . It was released in Australia on 5 April 2004 and in the United States on 18 May 2004 . A limited pressing on vinyl appeared on the 20 April 2013 for Record Store Day in a gatefold sleeve .

text: Bright

text: Like

text: Neon

text: Love

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: album

text: by

text: Australian

text: band

text: Cut

text: Copy

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Australia

text: on

text: April

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: May

text: limited

text: pressing

text: on

text: vinyl

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: April

text: for

text: Record

text: Store

text: Day

text: in

text: gatefold

text: sleeve

text: Record Store Day is an annual event inaugurated in 2007 and held on one Saturday every April to "celebrate the culture of the independently owned record store". The day brings together fans, artists, and thousands of independent record stores across the world. A number of records are pressed specifically for Record Store Day, and are only distributed to shops participating in the event.

text: Record

text: Store

text: Day

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: event

text: inaugurated

text: in

text: and

text: held

text: on

text: one

text: Saturday

text: every

text: April

text: to

text: celebrate

text: the

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: independently

text: owned

text: record

text: store

text: The

text: day

text: brings

text: together

text: fans

text: artists

text: and

text: thousands

text: of

text: independent

text: record

text: stores

text: across

text: the

text: world

text: number

text: of

text: records

text: are

text: pressed

text: specifically

text: for

text: Record

text: Store

text: Day

text: and

text: are

text: only

text: distributed

text: to

text: shops

text: participating

text: in

text: the

text: event

text: Modular Recordings (often simply Modular) is an Australian record label, founded in 1998 by Steve Pavlovic and owned by Universal Music Australia. It has released content from local artists such as Eskimo Joe, Ben Lee, The Avalanches, Wolfmother, Cut Copy, The Bumblebeez, Van She, Rocket Science, Ghostwood, The Presets, Pond and Tame Impala, and local releases of international artists including Dom, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Chromeo, Colder, Klaxons (The EP "Xan Valleys"), Ladyhawke, NYPC, MSTRKRFT, and Softlightes.

text: Modular

text: Recordings

text: often

text: simply

text: Modular

text: is

text: an

text: Australian

text: record

text: label

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Steve

text: Pavlovic

text: and

text: owned

text: by

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Australia

text: It

text: has

text: released

text: content

text: from

text: local

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Eskimo

text: Joe

text: Ben

text: Lee

text: The

text: Avalanches

text: Wolfmother

text: Cut

text: Copy

text: The

text: Bumblebeez

text: Van

text: She

text: Rocket

text: Science

text: Ghostwood

text: The

text: Presets

text: Pond

text: and

text: Tame

text: Impala

text: and

text: local

text: releases

text: of

text: international

text: artists

text: including

text: Dom

text: Yeah

text: Yeah

text: Yeahs

text: Chromeo

text: Colder

text: Klaxons

text: The

text: EP

text: Xan

text: Valleys

text: Ladyhawke

text: NYPC

text: MSTRKRFT

text: and

text: Softlightes

text: Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production, an electronic musician being a musician who composes and/or performs such music. In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, and the electric guitar. Purely electronic sound production can be achieved using devices such as the theremin, sound synthesizer, and computer.

text: Electronic

text: music

text: is

text: music

text: that

text: employs

text: electronic

text: musical

text: instruments

text: and

text: electronic

text: music

text: technology

text: in

text: its

text: production

text: an

text: electronic

text: musician

text: being

text: musician

text: who

text: composes

text: and/or

text: performs

text: such

text: music

text: In

text: general

text: distinction

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: between

text: sound

text: produced

text: using

text: electromechanical

text: means

text: and

text: that

text: produced

text: using

text: electronic

text: technology

text: Examples

text: of

text: electromechanical

text: sound

text: producing

text: devices

text: include

text: the

text: telharmonium

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: and

text: the

text: electric

text: guitar

text: Purely

text: electronic

text: sound

text: production

text: can

text: be

text: achieved

text: using

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: theremin

text: sound

text: synthesizer

text: and

text: computer

question: followed_by bright like neon love

answer: in ghost colours

text: in ghost colours

text: in ghost colours


text: "Superman (It's Not Easy)" is a song by American artist Five for Fighting. It was released in April 2001 as the second single from his album "America Town". The song debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at number 38 on October 27, 2001. It peaked at number 14 on the chart. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals at the 44th Grammy Awards in 2002.

text: Superman

text: It

text: 's

text: Not

text: Easy

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: American

text: artist

text: Five

text: for

text: Fighting

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: April

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: single

text: from

text: his

text: album

text: America

text: Town

text: The

text: song

text: debuted

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: chart

text: at

text: number

text: on

text: October

text: It

text: peaked

text: at

text: number

text: on

text: the

text: chart

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Pop

text: Performance

text: by

text: Duo

text: or

text: Group

text: with

text: Vocals

text: at

text: the

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: in

text: Vladimir John Ondrasik III (born January 7, 1965), known by his stage name Five for Fighting, is an American singer, songwriter and record producer. He is best known for his piano-based rock, such as the top 40 hits, "Superman (It's Not Easy)" (2001), "100 Years" (2003) and "The Riddle" (2006).

text: Vladimir

text: John

text: Ondrasik

text: III

text: born

text: January

text: known

text: by

text: his

text: stage

text: name

text: Five

text: for

text: Fighting

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: piano

text: based

text: rock

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: top

text: hits

text: Superman

text: It

text: 's

text: Not

text: Easy

text: Years

text: and

text: The

text: Riddle

text: Two Lights is the fourth album from the rock artist Five for Fighting . The first single is titled `` The Riddle '' . The song was released on June 14 , 2006 , and the album was released on August 1 , 2006 . The album peaked at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 , making it Five for Fighting 's highest charting album to date . It has sold 287,000 copies in the US as of November 2009 .

text: Two

text: Lights

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: album

text: from

text: the

text: rock

text: artist

text: Five

text: for

text: Fighting

text: The

text: first

text: single

text: is

text: titled

text: The

text: Riddle

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: the

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: The

text: album

text: peaked

text: at

text: No

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: making

text: it

text: Five

text: for

text: Fighting

text: 's

text: highest

text: charting

text: album

text: to

text: date

text: It

text: has

text: sold

text: copies

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: as

text: of

text: November

text: "100 Years" is a song by American artist Five for Fighting. It was released in November 2003 as the first single from the album "The Battle for Everything".

text: Years

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: American

text: artist

text: Five

text: for

text: Fighting

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: November

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: single

text: from

text: the

text: album

text: The

text: Battle

text: for

text: Everything

question: follows two lights

answer: the battle for everything

text: the battle for everything


text: The Crimean Peninsula ("Krymskiy poluostrov;" , "Kryms'ky pivostriv"), also known simply as Crimea ( "Krym" "Krym"), is a major land mass on the northern coast of the Black Sea that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast. The peninsula is located south of the Ukrainian region of Kherson and west of the Russian region of Kuban. It is connected to Kherson Oblast by the Isthmus of Perekop and is separated from Kuban by the Strait of Kerch. The Arabat Spit is located to the northeast, a narrow strip of land that separates a system of lagoons named Sivash from the Sea of Azov.

text: The

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: Krymskiy

text: poluostrov

text: Kryms'ky

text: pivostriv

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Crimea

text: Krym

text: Krym

text: is

text: major

text: land

text: mass

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: that

text: is

text: almost

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: smaller

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: peninsula

text: is

text: located

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Ukrainian

text: region

text: of

text: Kherson

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: region

text: of

text: Kuban

text: It

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Kherson

text: Oblast

text: by

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: of

text: Perekop

text: and

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: Kuban

text: by

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Kerch

text: The

text: Arabat

text: Spit

text: is

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: narrow

text: strip

text: of

text: land

text: that

text: separates

text: system

text: of

text: lagoons

text: named

text: Sivash

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: Prince Vsevolod Ivanovich of Russia ( 20 January 1914 -- 18 June 1973 ) was a great - great - grandson of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia and a nephew of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia . He was the last male member of the Romanov family born in Imperial Russia . He was a distant cousin and godson of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia . During the revolution his father and two uncles were imprisoned and later murdered along with other Romanov relatives in July 1918 . In October 1918 his grandmother fled with the four - year - old Prince Vsevolod to Sweden where he was able be reunited with his mother , Princess Helen of Serbia . After a time in France and Belgrade they eventually settled in England . Prince Vsevolod was educated at Eton and Oxford . He spent the rest of his life in exile in Great Britain . In 1939 he married Lady Mary Lygon of Madresfield Court ( It has been said that Madresfield was the inspiration for Brideshead Castle in Evelyn Waugh 's Brideshead Revisited and that the Flytes were based on the Lygon family ) . They were divorced in 1956 . Prince Vsevolod married twice more , but had no children from any of his marriages . At his death , the male line of the Constantinovich branch of the Romanov family died out .

text: Prince

text: Vsevolod

text: Ivanovich

text: of

text: Russia

text: January

text: June

text: was

text: great

text: great

text: grandson

text: of

text: Tsar

text: Nicholas

text: of

text: Russia

text: and

text: nephew

text: of

text: King

text: Alexander

text: of

text: Yugoslavia

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: male

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Romanov

text: family

text: born

text: in

text: Imperial

text: Russia

text: He

text: was

text: distant

text: cousin

text: and

text: godson

text: of

text: Tsar

text: Nicholas

text: II

text: of

text: Russia

text: During

text: the

text: revolution

text: his

text: father

text: and

text: two

text: uncles

text: were

text: imprisoned

text: and

text: later

text: murdered

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: Romanov

text: relatives

text: in

text: July

text: In

text: October

text: his

text: grandmother

text: fled

text: with

text: the

text: four

text: year

text: old

text: Prince

text: Vsevolod

text: to

text: Sweden

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: able

text: be

text: reunited

text: with

text: his

text: mother

text: Princess

text: Helen

text: of

text: Serbia

text: After

text: time

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: Belgrade

text: they

text: eventually

text: settled

text: in

text: England

text: Prince

text: Vsevolod

text: was

text: educated

text: at

text: Eton

text: and

text: Oxford

text: He

text: spent

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: in

text: exile

text: in

text: Great

text: Britain

text: In

text: he

text: married

text: Lady

text: Mary

text: Lygon

text: of

text: Madresfield

text: Court

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: said

text: that

text: Madresfield

text: was

text: the

text: inspiration

text: for

text: Brideshead

text: Castle

text: in

text: Evelyn

text: Waugh

text: 's

text: Brideshead

text: Revisited

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: Flytes

text: were

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Lygon

text: family

text: They

text: were

text: divorced

text: in

text: Prince

text: Vsevolod

text: married

text: twice

text: more

text: but

text: had

text: no

text: children

text: from

text: any

text: of

text: his

text: marriages

text: At

text: his

text: death

text: the

text: male

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: Constantinovich

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Romanov

text: family

text: died

text: out

text: The Decembrist revolt or the Decembrist uprising took place in Imperial Russia on . Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I's assumption of the throne after his elder brother Constantine removed himself from the line of succession. Because these events occurred in December, the rebels were called the "Decembrists" ("Dekabristy"). This uprising, which was suppressed by Nicholas I, took place in Peter's Square in Saint Petersburg. In 1925, to mark the centenary of the event, the square was renamed as Decembrist Square, but in 2008 the name was changed to Senate Square.

text: The

text: Decembrist

text: revolt

text: or

text: the

text: Decembrist

text: uprising

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Imperial

text: Russia

text: on

text: Russian

text: army

text: officers

text: led

text: about

text: soldiers

text: in

text: protest

text: against

text: Nicholas

text: 's

text: assumption

text: of

text: the

text: throne

text: after

text: his

text: elder

text: brother

text: Constantine

text: removed

text: himself

text: from

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: succession

text: Because

text: these

text: events

text: occurred

text: in

text: December

text: the

text: rebels

text: were

text: called

text: the

text: Decembrists

text: Dekabristy

text: This

text: uprising

text: which

text: was

text: suppressed

text: by

text: Nicholas

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Peter

text: 's

text: Square

text: in

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: In

text: to

text: mark

text: the

text: centenary

text: of

text: the

text: event

text: the

text: square

text: was

text: renamed

text: as

text: Decembrist

text: Square

text: but

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: was

text: changed

text: to

text: Senate

text: Square

text: Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a sovereign state in Northern Europe. A peninsula with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, the country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east. Estonia is south of the country across the Gulf of Finland. Finland is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia, which also includes Scandinavia. Finland's population is 5.5 million (2014), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades. The majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region. In terms of area, it is the eighth largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union.

text: Finland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Finland

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: peninsula

text: with

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Sweden

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Estonia

text: is

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: across

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: Finland

text: is

text: Nordic

text: country

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: geographical

text: region

text: of

text: Fennoscandia

text: which

text: also

text: includes

text: Scandinavia

text: Finland

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: million

text: staying

text: roughly

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: two

text: decades

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: region

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Nicholas I ( ) was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855. He was also the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He is best known as a political conservative whose reign was marked by geographical expansion, repression of dissent, economic stagnation, poor administrative policies, a corrupt bureaucracy, and frequent wars that culminated in Russia's disastrous defeat in the Crimean War of 1853-56. His biographer Nicholas V. Riasanovsky says that Nicholas displayed determination, singleness of purpose, and an iron will, along with a powerful sense of duty and a dedication to very hard work. He saw himself as a soldier  a junior officer totally consumed by spit and polish. A handsome man, he was highly nervous and aggressive. Trained as an engineer, he was a stickler for minute detail. In his public persona, says Riasanovsky, "Nicholas I came to represent autocracy personified: infinitely majestic, determined and powerful, hard as stone, and relentless as fate." His reign had an ideology called "Official Nationality" that was proclaimed officially in 1833. It was a reactionary policy based on orthodoxy in religion, autocracy in government, and Russian nationalism. He was the younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I. Nicholas inherited his brother's throne despite the failed Decembrist revolt against him and went on to become the most reactionary of all Russian leaders. His aggressive foreign policy involved many expensive wars, having a disastrous effect on the empire's finances.

text: Nicholas

text: was

text: the

text: Emperor

text: of

text: Russia

text: from

text: until

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Finland

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: political

text: conservative

text: whose

text: reign

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: geographical

text: expansion

text: repression

text: of

text: dissent

text: economic

text: stagnation

text: poor

text: administrative

text: policies

text: corrupt

text: bureaucracy

text: and

text: frequent

text: wars

text: that

text: culminated

text: in

text: Russia

text: 's

text: disastrous

text: defeat

text: in

text: the

text: Crimean

text: War

text: of

text: His

text: biographer

text: Nicholas

text: Riasanovsky

text: says

text: that

text: Nicholas

text: displayed

text: determination

text: singleness

text: of

text: purpose

text: and

text: an

text: iron

text: will

text: along

text: with

text: powerful

text: sense

text: of

text: duty

text: and

text: dedication

text: to

text: very

text: hard

text: work

text: He

text: saw

text: himself

text: as

text: soldier

text: junior

text: officer

text: totally

text: consumed

text: by

text: spit

text: and

text: polish

text: handsome

text: man

text: he

text: was

text: highly

text: nervous

text: and

text: aggressive

text: Trained

text: as

text: an

text: engineer

text: he

text: was

text: stickler

text: for

text: minute

text: detail

text: In

text: his

text: public

text: persona

text: says

text: Riasanovsky

text: Nicholas

text: came

text: to

text: represent

text: autocracy

text: personified

text: infinitely

text: majestic

text: determined

text: and

text: powerful

text: hard

text: as

text: stone

text: and

text: relentless

text: as

text: fate

text: His

text: reign

text: had

text: an

text: ideology

text: called

text: Official

text: Nationality

text: that

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: officially

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: reactionary

text: policy

text: based

text: on

text: orthodoxy

text: in

text: religion

text: autocracy

text: in

text: government

text: and

text: Russian

text: nationalism

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: younger

text: brother

text: of

text: his

text: predecessor

text: Alexander

text: Nicholas

text: inherited

text: his

text: brother

text: 's

text: throne

text: despite

text: the

text: failed

text: Decembrist

text: revolt

text: against

text: him

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: most

text: reactionary

text: of

text: all

text: Russian

text: leaders

text: His

text: aggressive

text: foreign

text: policy

text: involved

text: many

text: expensive

text: wars

text: having

text: disastrous

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: empire

text: 's

text: finances

text: Nicholas Valentine Riasanovsky (December 21, 1923  May 14, 2011) was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley and the author of numerous books on Russian history and European intellectual history.

text: Nicholas

text: Valentine

text: Riasanovsky

text: December

text: May

text: was

text: professor

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: California

text: Berkeley

text: and

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: numerous

text: books

text: on

text: Russian

text: history

text: and

text: European

text: intellectual

text: history

text: Russian nationalism is a form of nationalism that asserts that Russians are a nation and promotes their cultural unity. Russian nationalism first rose in the 18th century and is closely related to Pan-Slavism, from its origin during the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union.

text: Russian

text: nationalism

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: nationalism

text: that

text: asserts

text: that

text: Russians

text: are

text: nation

text: and

text: promotes

text: their

text: cultural

text: unity

text: Russian

text: nationalism

text: first

text: rose

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: is

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: Pan

text: Slavism

text: from

text: its

text: origin

text: during

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: The Crimean War was a military conflict fought from October 1853 to March 1856 in which the Russian Empire lost to an alliance of France, Britain, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia. The immediate cause involved the rights of Christian minorities in the Holy Land, which was a part of the Ottoman Empire. The French promoted the rights of Roman Catholics, while Russia promoted those of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The longer-term causes involved the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the unwillingness of Britain and France to allow Russia to gain territory and power at Ottoman expense. It has widely been noted that the causes, in one case involving an argument over a key, have never revealed a "greater confusion of purpose", yet led to a war noted for its "notoriously incompetent international butchery."

text: The

text: Crimean

text: War

text: was

text: military

text: conflict

text: fought

text: from

text: October

text: to

text: March

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: lost

text: to

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: France

text: Britain

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: Sardinia

text: The

text: immediate

text: cause

text: involved

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: Christian

text: minorities

text: in

text: the

text: Holy

text: Land

text: which

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: The

text: French

text: promoted

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: Roman

text: Catholics

text: while

text: Russia

text: promoted

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: The

text: longer

text: term

text: causes

text: involved

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: unwillingness

text: of

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: to

text: allow

text: Russia

text: to

text: gain

text: territory

text: and

text: power

text: at

text: Ottoman

text: expense

text: It

text: has

text: widely

text: been

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: causes

text: in

text: one

text: case

text: involving

text: an

text: argument

text: over

text: key

text: have

text: never

text: revealed

text: greater

text: confusion

text: of

text: purpose

text: yet

text: led

text: to

text: war

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: notoriously

text: incompetent

text: international

text: butchery

text: Grand Duke of Finland or the Grand Prince of Finland was from around 1580 to 1809 a title in use by most Swedish monarchs. Between 1809 and 1917, it was the official title of the head of the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, who was the Emperor of Russia. The anachronistic female form of the title in English is usually "Grand Princess of Finland". The only women to have used the title were the Swedish Queens regnant Christina and Ulrika Eleonora. A few crown princes of Sweden also were called "Grand Prince of Finland".

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Finland

text: or

text: the

text: Grand

text: Prince

text: of

text: Finland

text: was

text: from

text: around

text: to

text: title

text: in

text: use

text: by

text: most

text: Swedish

text: monarchs

text: Between

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: official

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: autonomous

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Finland

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: Emperor

text: of

text: Russia

text: The

text: anachronistic

text: female

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: in

text: English

text: is

text: usually

text: Grand

text: Princess

text: of

text: Finland

text: The

text: only

text: women

text: to

text: have

text: used

text: the

text: title

text: were

text: the

text: Swedish

text: Queens

text: regnant

text: Christina

text: and

text: Ulrika

text: Eleonora

text: few

text: crown

text: princes

text: of

text: Sweden

text: also

text: were

text: called

text: Grand

text: Prince

text: of

text: Finland

question: place_of_birth prince vsevolod ivanovich of russia

answer: saint petersburg

text: saint petersburg