text: The President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is the head of state of the TRNC. Rauf Denkta was the first and founding president of Northern Cyprus, and retired in 2005. His position was taken over by Mehmet Ali Talat, followed by Dervi Erolu and the current president, Mustafa Aknc.

text: The

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Republic

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: TRNC

text: Rauf

text: Denkta

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: founding

text: president

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: and

text: retired

text: in

text: His

text: position

text: was

text: taken

text: over

text: by

text: Mehmet

text: Ali

text: Talat

text: followed

text: by

text: Dervi

text: Erolu

text: and

text: the

text: current

text: president

text: Mustafa

text: Aknc

text: Rauf Denkta, or Denktash (27 January 192413 January 2012) was a Turkish Cypriot politician, barrister and jurist who served as the founding President of Northern Cyprus. He occupied this position as the President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus between the declaration of the "de facto" state by Denkta in 1983 and 2005, as the President of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus between 1975 and 1983 and as the President of the Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration between 1974 and 1975. He was also elected in 1973 as the Vice-President of the Republic of Cyprus.

text: Rauf

text: Denkta

text: or

text: Denktash

text: January

text: January

text: was

text: Turkish

text: Cypriot

text: politician

text: barrister

text: and

text: jurist

text: who

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: founding

text: President

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: He

text: occupied

text: this

text: position

text: as

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Republic

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: between

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: state

text: by

text: Denkta

text: in

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Federated

text: State

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Autonomous

text: Turkish

text: Cypriot

text: Administration

text: between

text: and

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: elected

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: Vice

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: Nicosia (is the largest city on the island of Cyprus. It is located near the centre of the Mesaoria plain, on the banks of the River Pedieos.

text: Nicosia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Mesaoria

text: plain

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Pedieos

text: Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a self-declared state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus. Recognised only by Turkey, Northern Cyprus is considered by the international community to be part of the Republic of Cyprus.

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: officially

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Republic

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: TRNC

text: is

text: self

text: declared

text: state

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: northeastern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: Recognised

text: only

text: by

text: Turkey

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: considered

text: by

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: to

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: The Republican Turkish Party ( Turkish : Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi , CTP ) is a social - democratic political party in Northern Cyprus . The party was founded in 1970 by Ahmet Mithat Berberolu , a lawyer , in opposition to the leadership of Fazl Küçük and Rauf Denkta . In the 1980s , the CTP 's political position shifted to the left , to a pro-Soviet stance , as a result of an influx of members who had been students politicised at universities in Turkey . Under Özker Özgür the party held rapprochement meetings with the Greek leftist party of Cyprus , Progressive Party of Working People ( AKEL ) . From 1996 the party was led by Mehmet Ali Talat until his election as president in 2005 . After the fall of Communism in eastern Europe and USSR a natural process of change started . The party 's leader today is Ferdi Sabit Soyer and the party is leaning towards the European social - democratic and liberal system . The Republican Turkish party is for unification of the island , and Mehmet Ali Talat had begun to undertake weekly meetings with Demetris Christofias , regarding power sharing , armed forces , land ownership , and other problems that would arise in the event of reunification the island . On 30 June 2008 , the Republican Turkish Party became a consultative member of the Socialist International ( voted in by all members except the Movement for Social Democracy ) . It became a full member of the organization in 2014 . The party received 38.4 % of the votes in the 2013 parliamentary election and gained 21 seats in the Assembly of the Republic . Its leader , Özkan Yorgancolu led a coalition government , in which the CTP was the senior partner , with the Democratic Party from August 2013 till July 2015 . However , due to the failure of the party 's candidate , Sibel Siber , to progress into the second round in the presidential election of 2015 , Yorgancolu decided to step down . Mehmet Ali Talat assumed the party 's leadership again in June 2015 , replacing Yorgancolu . In June 2015 , the party became the senior partner in the current coalition with the National Unity Party , the second largest party in the parliament , with the CTP 's member of parliament Ömer Kalyoncu leading the coalition .

text: The

text: Republican

text: Turkish

text: Party

text: Turkish

text: Cumhuriyetçi

text: Türk

text: Partisi

text: CTP

text: is

text: social

text: democratic

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: The

text: party

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Ahmet

text: Mithat

text: Berberolu

text: lawyer

text: in

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: Fazl

text: Küçük

text: and

text: Rauf

text: Denkta

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: CTP

text: 's

text: political

text: position

text: shifted

text: to

text: the

text: left

text: to

text: pro

text: Soviet

text: stance

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: members

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: students

text: politicised

text: at

text: universities

text: in

text: Turkey

text: Under

text: Özker

text: Özgür

text: the

text: party

text: held

text: rapprochement

text: meetings

text: with

text: the

text: Greek

text: leftist

text: party

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: Progressive

text: Party

text: of

text: Working

text: People

text: AKEL

text: From

text: the

text: party

text: was

text: led

text: by

text: Mehmet

text: Ali

text: Talat

text: until

text: his

text: election

text: as

text: president

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Communism

text: in

text: eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: USSR

text: natural

text: process

text: of

text: change

text: started

text: The

text: party

text: 's

text: leader

text: today

text: is

text: Ferdi

text: Sabit

text: Soyer

text: and

text: the

text: party

text: is

text: leaning

text: towards

text: the

text: European

text: social

text: democratic

text: and

text: liberal

text: system

text: The

text: Republican

text: Turkish

text: party

text: is

text: for

text: unification

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: Mehmet

text: Ali

text: Talat

text: had

text: begun

text: to

text: undertake

text: weekly

text: meetings

text: with

text: Demetris

text: Christofias

text: regarding

text: power

text: sharing

text: armed

text: forces

text: land

text: ownership

text: and

text: other

text: problems

text: that

text: would

text: arise

text: in

text: the

text: event

text: of

text: reunification

text: the

text: island

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: Republican

text: Turkish

text: Party

text: became

text: consultative

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Socialist

text: International

text: voted

text: in

text: by

text: all

text: members

text: except

text: the

text: Movement

text: for

text: Social

text: Democracy

text: It

text: became

text: full

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: organization

text: in

text: The

text: party

text: received

text: of

text: the

text: votes

text: in

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: election

text: and

text: gained

text: seats

text: in

text: the

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: Its

text: leader

text: Özkan

text: Yorgancolu

text: led

text: coalition

text: government

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: CTP

text: was

text: the

text: senior

text: partner

text: with

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: from

text: August

text: till

text: July

text: However

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: candidate

text: Sibel

text: Siber

text: to

text: progress

text: into

text: the

text: second

text: round

text: in

text: the

text: presidential

text: election

text: of

text: Yorgancolu

text: decided

text: to

text: step

text: down

text: Mehmet

text: Ali

text: Talat

text: assumed

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: leadership

text: again

text: in

text: June

text: replacing

text: Yorgancolu

text: In

text: June

text: the

text: party

text: became

text: the

text: senior

text: partner

text: in

text: the

text: current

text: coalition

text: with

text: the

text: National

text: Unity

text: Party

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: party

text: in

text: the

text: parliament

text: with

text: the

text: CTP

text: 's

text: member

text: of

text: parliament

text: Ömer

text: Kalyoncu

text: leading

text: the

text: coalition

text: Fazl Küçük (14 March 1906 in Nicosia  15 January 1984 in London) was the first Vice President of the Republic of Cyprus.

text: Fazl

text: Küçük

text: March

text: in

text: Nicosia

text: January

text: in

text: London

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Vice

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece to the west; Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia. Turkey's location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history.

text: Turkey

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Turkey

text: Turkish

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: mainly

text: in

text: Anatolia

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: with

text: smaller

text: portion

text: on

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: Turkey

text: is

text: democratic

text: secular

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: with

text: diverse

text: cultural

text: heritage

text: Turkey

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: eight

text: countries

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Bulgaria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Georgia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Armenia

text: the

text: Azerbaijani

text: exclave

text: of

text: Nakhchivan

text: and

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: is

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Bosphorus

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Marmara

text: and

text: the

text: Dardanelles

text: which

text: together

text: form

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: divide

text: Thrace

text: and

text: Anatolia

text: they

text: also

text: separate

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: Turkey

text: 's

text: location

text: has

text: given

text: it

text: geopolitical

text: and

text: strategic

text: importance

text: throughout

text: history

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.

text: Cyprus

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: and

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: south

text: of

text: Turkey

text: west

text: of

text: Syria

text: and

text: Lebanon

text: northwest

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: Palestine

text: north

text: of

text: Egypt

text: and

text: southeast

text: of

text: Greece

question: applies_to_jurisdiction republican turkish party

answer: turkish republic of northern cyprus

text: turkish republic of northern cyprus

text: turkish republic of northern cyprus

text: turkish republic of northern cyprus


text: William Nigh (October 12, 1881  November 27, 1955) was an American film director, writer, and actor. His film work sometimes lists him as either "Will Nigh" or "William Nye".

text: William

text: Nigh

text: October

text: November

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: director

text: writer

text: and

text: actor

text: His

text: film

text: work

text: sometimes

text: lists

text: him

text: as

text: either

text: Will

text: Nigh

text: or

text: William

text: Nye

text: An actor (or actress for females; see terminology) is a person who portrays a character in a performance. The actor performs "in the flesh" in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is, literally "one who answers". The actor's interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is "playing themselves", as in some forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly; to act, is to create, a character in performance.

text: An

text: actor

text: or

text: actress

text: for

text: females

text: see

text: terminology

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: portrays

text: character

text: in

text: performance

text: The

text: actor

text: performs

text: in

text: the

text: flesh

text: in

text: the

text: traditional

text: medium

text: of

text: the

text: theatre

text: or

text: in

text: modern

text: mediums

text: such

text: as

text: film

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: The

text: analogous

text: Greek

text: term

text: is

text: literally

text: one

text: who

text: answers

text: The

text: actor

text: 's

text: interpretation

text: of

text: their

text: role

text: pertains

text: to

text: the

text: role

text: played

text: whether

text: based

text: on

text: real

text: person

text: or

text: fictional

text: character

text: Interpretation

text: occurs

text: even

text: when

text: the

text: actor

text: is

text: playing

text: themselves

text: as

text: in

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: experimental

text: performance

text: art

text: or

text: more

text: commonly

text: to

text: act

text: is

text: to

text: create

text: character

text: in

text: performance

text: Gladys Louise Smith (April 8, 1892  May 29, 1979), known professionally as Mary Pickford, was a Canadian-American film actress, writer, director, and producer. She was a co-founder of the film studio United Artists and one of the original 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

text: Gladys

text: Louise

text: Smith

text: April

text: May

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Mary

text: Pickford

text: was

text: Canadian

text: American

text: film

text: actress

text: writer

text: director

text: and

text: producer

text: She

text: was

text: co

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: studio

text: United

text: Artists

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: founders

text: of

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Arts

text: and

text: Sciences

text: Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, (16 April 1889  25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame during the era of silent film. Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his screen persona "the Tramp" and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy.

text: Sir

text: Charles

text: Spencer

text: Charlie

text: Chaplin

text: April

text: December

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: comic

text: actor

text: filmmaker

text: and

text: composer

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: fame

text: during

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: silent

text: film

text: Chaplin

text: became

text: worldwide

text: icon

text: through

text: his

text: screen

text: persona

text: the

text: Tramp

text: and

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: industry

text: His

text: career

text: spanned

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: from

text: childhood

text: in

text: the

text: Victorian

text: era

text: until

text: year

text: before

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: and

text: encompassed

text: both

text: adulation

text: and

text: controversy

text: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. (abbreviated as MGM or M-G-M, also known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or Metro, and for a former interval known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists, or MGM/UA) is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs.

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: Studios

text: Inc.

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: MGM

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: Pictures

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: or

text: Metro

text: and

text: for

text: former

text: interval

text: known

text: as

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: United

text: Artists

text: or

text: MGM

text: UA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: media

text: company

text: involved

text: primarily

text: in

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: distribution

text: of

text: feature

text: films

text: and

text: television

text: programs

text: May McAvoy (September 8, 1899  April 26, 1984) was an American actress who worked mainly during the silent-film era. Some of her major roles include Laura Pennington in "The Enchanted Cottage", Esther in "", and Mary Dale in "The Jazz Singer".

text: May

text: McAvoy

text: September

text: April

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: actress

text: who

text: worked

text: mainly

text: during

text: the

text: silent

text: film

text: era

text: Some

text: of

text: her

text: major

text: roles

text: include

text: Laura

text: Pennington

text: in

text: The

text: Enchanted

text: Cottage

text: Esther

text: in

text: and

text: Mary

text: Dale

text: in

text: The

text: Jazz

text: Singer

text: United Artists (UA) is an American film and television entertainment studio. The studio was founded in 1919 by D. W. Griffith, Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks with the intention of controlling their own interests rather than depending upon commercial studios. The studio was repeatedly bought, sold and restructured over the ensuing century.

text: United

text: Artists

text: UA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: entertainment

text: studio

text: The

text: studio

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Griffith

text: Charlie

text: Chaplin

text: Mary

text: Pickford

text: and

text: Douglas

text: Fairbanks

text: with

text: the

text: intention

text: of

text: controlling

text: their

text: own

text: interests

text: rather

text: than

text: depending

text: upon

text: commercial

text: studios

text: The

text: studio

text: was

text: repeatedly

text: bought

text: sold

text: and

text: restructured

text: over

text: the

text: ensuing

text: century

text: A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects.

text: film

text: also

text: called

text: movie

text: motion

text: picture

text: theatrical

text: film

text: or

text: photoplay

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: still

text: images

text: which

text: when

text: shown

text: on

text: screen

text: creates

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: moving

text: images

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: This

text: optical

text: illusion

text: causes

text: the

text: audience

text: to

text: perceive

text: continuous

text: motion

text: between

text: separate

text: objects

text: viewed

text: rapidly

text: in

text: succession

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: is

text: both

text: an

text: art

text: and

text: an

text: industry

text: film

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: photographing

text: actual

text: scenes

text: with

text: motion

text: picture

text: camera

text: by

text: photographing

text: drawings

text: or

text: miniature

text: models

text: using

text: traditional

text: animation

text: techniques

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: CGI

text: and

text: computer

text: animation

text: or

text: by

text: combination

text: of

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: techniques

text: and

text: other

text: visual

text: effects

text: The Fire Brigade ( also known as Fire ! ) is 1926 American silent drama film directed by William Nigh . The film stars May McAvoy and Charles Ray . The Fire Brigade originally contained sequences shot in two - color Technicolor . A print of the film is preserved in the Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer / United Artists archives . The producers of the film contributed 25 per cent of the film 's receipts toward a college for the instruction of fire - fighting officers .

text: The

text: Fire

text: Brigade

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Fire

text: is

text: American

text: silent

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: William

text: Nigh

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: May

text: McAvoy

text: and

text: Charles

text: Ray

text: The

text: Fire

text: Brigade

text: originally

text: contained

text: sequences

text: shot

text: in

text: two

text: color

text: Technicolor

text: print

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: is

text: preserved

text: in

text: the

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: United

text: Artists

text: archives

text: The

text: producers

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: contributed

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: 's

text: receipts

text: toward

text: college

text: for

text: the

text: instruction

text: of

text: fire

text: fighting

text: officers

text: The Jazz Singer is a 1927 American musical film. The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized sound, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of sound films and the decline of the silent film era. Directed by Alan Crosland and produced by Warner Bros. with its Vitaphone sound-on-disc system, the film, featuring six songs performed by Al Jolson, is based on a play of the same name by Samson Raphaelson, adapted from one of his short stories "The Day of Atonement".

text: The

text: Jazz

text: Singer

text: is

text: American

text: musical

text: film

text: The

text: first

text: feature

text: length

text: motion

text: picture

text: with

text: synchronized

text: sound

text: its

text: release

text: heralded

text: the

text: commercial

text: ascendance

text: of

text: sound

text: films

text: and

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: silent

text: film

text: era

text: Directed

text: by

text: Alan

text: Crosland

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: with

text: its

text: Vitaphone

text: sound

text: on

text: disc

text: system

text: the

text: film

text: featuring

text: six

text: songs

text: performed

text: by

text: Al

text: Jolson

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: play

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: by

text: Samson

text: Raphaelson

text: adapted

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: short

text: stories

text: The

text: Day

text: of

text: Atonement

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows single

question: instance_of the fire brigade

answer: silent film

text: silent film

text: silent film

text: silent film


text: Ammr ibn Ysir ibn mir ibn Mlik Ab al - Yaqzn ( Arabic :     ) was one of the Muhajirun in the history of Islam and , for his dedicated devotion to its cause , is considered to be one of the most loyal and beloved companions of Muhammad and Ali ; thus , he occupies a position of the highest prominence in Islam . Historically , Ammar ibn Yasir is the first Muslim to build a mosque . He is also referred to by Shia Muslims as one of the Four Companions . Ammar 's ultimate fate was unique than the rest of Mohammad 's companions in that it decisively distinguished the righteous group from the sinful one in the First Fitna .

text: Ammr

text: ibn

text: Ysir

text: ibn

text: mir

text: ibn

text: Mlik

text: Ab

text: al

text: Yaqzn

text: Arabic

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Muhajirun

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Islam

text: and

text: for

text: his

text: dedicated

text: devotion

text: to

text: its

text: cause

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: loyal

text: and

text: beloved

text: companions

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: and

text: Ali

text: thus

text: he

text: occupies

text: position

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: prominence

text: in

text: Islam

text: Historically

text: Ammar

text: ibn

text: Yasir

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: Muslim

text: to

text: build

text: mosque

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: by

text: Shia

text: Muslims

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Four

text: Companions

text: Ammar

text: 's

text: ultimate

text: fate

text: was

text: unique

text: than

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Mohammad

text: 's

text: companions

text: in

text: that

text: it

text: decisively

text: distinguished

text: the

text: righteous

text: group

text: from

text: the

text: sinful

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Fitna

text: Islam (' ;) is a religion articulated by the Quran, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God ('), and, for the vast majority of adherents, the teachings and normative example (called the "sunnah", composed of accounts called "hadith") of Muhammad (5708 June 632 CE). It is the world's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world, with over 1.7 billion followers or 23% of the global population, known as Muslims. Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion that upholds that God is one and incomparable and that the purpose of existence is to worship God. Muslims consider Muhammad to be the last prophet of God.

text: Islam

text: is

text: religion

text: articulated

text: by

text: the

text: Quran

text: text

text: considered

text: by

text: its

text: adherents

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: verbatim

text: word

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: adherents

text: the

text: teachings

text: and

text: normative

text: example

text: called

text: the

text: sunnah

text: composed

text: of

text: accounts

text: called

text: hadith

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: June

text: CE

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: religion

text: and

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: major

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Muslims

text: Islam

text: is

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: that

text: upholds

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: one

text: and

text: incomparable

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: existence

text: is

text: to

text: worship

text: God

text: Muslims

text: consider

text: Muhammad

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: last

text: prophet

text: of

text: God

text: A mosque (from "Al-masjid") is a place of worship for followers of Islam.

text: mosque

text: from

text: Al

text: masjid

text: is

text: place

text: of

text: worship

text: for

text: followers

text: of

text: Islam

text: Ali ibn Abi Talib (; 13 Rajab, 21 BH  21 Ramadan, 40 AH; 15 September 601  29 January 661) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ruling over the Islamic caliphate from 656 to 661.

text: Ali

text: ibn

text: Abi

text: Talib

text: Rajab

text: BH

text: Ramadan

text: AH

text: September

text: January

text: was

text: the

text: cousin

text: and

text: son

text: in

text: law

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: prophet

text: Muhammad

text: ruling

text: over

text: the

text: Islamic

text: caliphate

text: from

text: to

text: Mecca or Makkah ("" ) is a city in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia that is also capital of the Makkah Region. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during the "hajj" ("pilgrimage") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of "Dhu al-Hijjah".

text: Mecca

text: or

text: Makkah

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Hejaz

text: region

text: of

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: that

text: is

text: also

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Makkah

text: Region

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: inland

text: from

text: Jeddah

text: in

text: narrow

text: valley

text: at

text: height

text: of

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: Its

text: resident

text: population

text: in

text: was

text: roughly

text: million

text: although

text: visitors

text: more

text: than

text: triple

text: this

text: number

text: every

text: year

text: during

text: the

text: hajj

text: pilgrimage

text: period

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: twelfth

text: Muslim

text: lunar

text: month

text: of

text: Dhu

text: al

text: Hijjah

text: Al-asan ibn Al ibn Ab lib (624670 CE), commonly called "Hasan," was the second Shiite Imam, succeeding his father Ali, and preceding his younger brother Al-Husayn. He was the elder son of Ali and Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah. Sunni Muslims respect him as a grandson of the Islamic "Nabi" (Prophet) Muhammad, and the 5th rightly guided "Khalifah" ('Caliph'), having succeeded his father in this regard, besides other things. He abdicated after six or seven months, and Muawiyah succeeded him to become the first Umayyad Caliph. For the rest of his life, al-Hasan lived in al-Medinah, in seclusion, until he died at the age of 45 or 46, and was buried in the Jannat al Baqi cemetery in al-Medinah. His wife, Ja'da bint al-Ash'at, is commonly accused of having poisoned him. Al-Hasan was known for donating to the poor, and being kind to them and bondmen, and his knowledge, tolerance and bravery.

text: Al

text: asan

text: ibn

text: Al

text: ibn

text: Ab

text: lib

text: CE

text: commonly

text: called

text: Hasan

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: Shiite

text: Imam

text: succeeding

text: his

text: father

text: Ali

text: and

text: preceding

text: his

text: younger

text: brother

text: Al

text: Husayn

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: elder

text: son

text: of

text: Ali

text: and

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: daughter

text: Fatimah

text: Sunni

text: Muslims

text: respect

text: him

text: as

text: grandson

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Nabi

text: Prophet

text: Muhammad

text: and

text: the

text: rightly

text: guided

text: Khalifah

text: Caliph

text: having

text: succeeded

text: his

text: father

text: in

text: this

text: regard

text: besides

text: other

text: things

text: He

text: abdicated

text: after

text: six

text: or

text: seven

text: months

text: and

text: Muawiyah

text: succeeded

text: him

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: first

text: Umayyad

text: Caliph

text: For

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: al

text: Hasan

text: lived

text: in

text: al

text: Medinah

text: in

text: seclusion

text: until

text: he

text: died

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: or

text: and

text: was

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: Jannat

text: al

text: Baqi

text: cemetery

text: in

text: al

text: Medinah

text: His

text: wife

text: Ja'da

text: bint

text: al

text: Ash'at

text: is

text: commonly

text: accused

text: of

text: having

text: poisoned

text: him

text: Al

text: Hasan

text: was

text: known

text: for

text: donating

text: to

text: the

text: poor

text: and

text: being

text: kind

text: to

text: them

text: and

text: bondmen

text: and

text: his

text: knowledge

text: tolerance

text: and

text: bravery

text: The First Fitna was a civil war within the Rashidun Caliphate which resulted in the overthrowing of the Rashidun caliphs and the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty. It began when the caliph Uthman ibn Affan was assassinated by Egyptian rebels in 656 and continued through the four-year reign of Uthman's successor Ali ibn Abi Talib. It ended in 661 when Ali's heir Hasan ibn Ali concluded a treaty acknowledging the rule of Muawiyah, the first Umayyad caliph.

text: The

text: First

text: Fitna

text: was

text: civil

text: war

text: within

text: the

text: Rashidun

text: Caliphate

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: overthrowing

text: of

text: the

text: Rashidun

text: caliphs

text: and

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: dynasty

text: It

text: began

text: when

text: the

text: caliph

text: Uthman

text: ibn

text: Affan

text: was

text: assassinated

text: by

text: Egyptian

text: rebels

text: in

text: and

text: continued

text: through

text: the

text: four

text: year

text: reign

text: of

text: Uthman

text: 's

text: successor

text: Ali

text: ibn

text: Abi

text: Talib

text: It

text: ended

text: in

text: when

text: Ali

text: 's

text: heir

text: Hasan

text: ibn

text: Ali

text: concluded

text: treaty

text: acknowledging

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: Muawiyah

text: the

text: first

text: Umayyad

text: caliph

text: The Rashidun" Caliphs (Rightly Guided Caliphs; '), often simply called, collectively, ""'the "Rashidun", is a term used in Sunni Islam to refer to the 30-year reign of the first four caliphs (successors) following the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, namely: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali of the Rashidun Caliphate, the first caliphate. The concept of "Rightly Guided Caliphs" originated with the later Abbasid Caliphate based in Baghdad. It is a reference to the Sunni imperative "Hold firmly to my example ("sunnah") and that of the Rightly Guided Caliphs" (Ibn Majah, Abu Dawood).

text: The

text: Rashidun

text: Caliphs

text: Rightly

text: Guided

text: Caliphs

text: often

text: simply

text: called

text: collectively

text: the

text: Rashidun

text: is

text: term

text: used

text: in

text: Sunni

text: Islam

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: four

text: caliphs

text: successors

text: following

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: prophet

text: Muhammad

text: namely

text: Abu

text: Bakr

text: Umar

text: Uthman

text: ibn

text: Affan

text: and

text: Ali

text: of

text: the

text: Rashidun

text: Caliphate

text: the

text: first

text: caliphate

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: Rightly

text: Guided

text: Caliphs

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: later

text: Abbasid

text: Caliphate

text: based

text: in

text: Baghdad

text: It

text: is

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Sunni

text: imperative

text: Hold

text: firmly

text: to

text: my

text: example

text: sunnah

text: and

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Rightly

text: Guided

text: Caliphs

text: Ibn

text: Majah

text: Abu

text: Dawood

text: Abraha (also spelled Abreha) (died after AD 553; r. 525at least 553), also known as 'Abraha al-Ashram (Arabic:  ), was an Ethiopian general then the viceroy of southern Arabia for the Kingdom of Aksum, and later declared himself an independent King of Himyar. Abraha ruled much of present-day Yemen and Hijaz from at least 531 -547 AD to 555 - 565 AD.

text: Abraha

text: also

text: spelled

text: Abreha

text: died

text: after

text: AD

text: least

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Abraha

text: al

text: Ashram

text: Arabic

text: was

text: an

text: Ethiopian

text: general

text: then

text: the

text: viceroy

text: of

text: southern

text: Arabia

text: for

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Aksum

text: and

text: later

text: declared

text: himself

text: an

text: independent

text: King

text: of

text: Himyar

text: Abraha

text: ruled

text: much

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: Yemen

text: and

text: Hijaz

text: from

text: at

text: least

text: AD

text: to

text: AD

text: Muhajirun (The Emigrants) were the first converts to Islam and the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's advisors and relatives, who emigrated with him from Mecca to Medina, the event known in Islam as "The Hijra". The early Muslims from Medina are called the "Ansar" ("helpers").

text: Muhajirun

text: The

text: Emigrants

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: converts

text: to

text: Islam

text: and

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Prophet

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: advisors

text: and

text: relatives

text: who

text: emigrated

text: with

text: him

text: from

text: Mecca

text: to

text: Medina

text: the

text: event

text: known

text: in

text: Islam

text: as

text: The

text: Hijra

text: The

text: early

text: Muslims

text: from

text: Medina

text: are

text: called

text: the

text: Ansar

text: helpers

text: Muhammad (c. 570 CE  8 June 632 CE) is the central figure of Islam and widely regarded as its founder by non-Muslims. He is known as the "Holy Prophet" to Muslims, almost all of whom consider him to be the last prophet sent by God to mankind to restore Islam, believed by Muslims to be the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity and ensured that his teachings, practices, and the Quran, formed the basis of Islamic religious belief.

text: Muhammad

text: CE

text: June

text: CE

text: is

text: the

text: central

text: figure

text: of

text: Islam

text: and

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: its

text: founder

text: by

text: non

text: Muslims

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Holy

text: Prophet

text: to

text: Muslims

text: almost

text: all

text: of

text: whom

text: consider

text: him

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: last

text: prophet

text: sent

text: by

text: God

text: to

text: mankind

text: to

text: restore

text: Islam

text: believed

text: by

text: Muslims

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: unaltered

text: original

text: monotheistic

text: faith

text: of

text: Adam

text: Abraham

text: Moses

text: Jesus

text: and

text: other

text: prophets

text: Muhammad

text: united

text: Arabia

text: into

text: single

text: Muslim

text: polity

text: and

text: ensured

text: that

text: his

text: teachings

text: practices

text: and

text: the

text: Quran

text: formed

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: Islamic

text: religious

text: belief

text: The Rashidun Caliphate (') was the Islamic caliphate in the earliest period of Islam, comprising the first four caliphsthe "Rightly Guided" or Rashidun caliphs ('). It was founded after Muhammad's death in 632 (year 11 AH in the Islamic calendar). At its height, the Caliphate controlled an empire from the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant, to the Caucasus in the north, North Africa from Egypt to present-day Tunisia in the west, and the Iranian plateau to Central Asia in the east.

text: The

text: Rashidun

text: Caliphate

text: was

text: the

text: Islamic

text: caliphate

text: in

text: the

text: earliest

text: period

text: of

text: Islam

text: comprising

text: the

text: first

text: four

text: caliphsthe

text: Rightly

text: Guided

text: or

text: Rashidun

text: caliphs

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: after

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: year

text: AH

text: in

text: the

text: Islamic

text: calendar

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: the

text: Caliphate

text: controlled

text: an

text: empire

text: from

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: the

text: Levant

text: to

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: North

text: Africa

text: from

text: Egypt

text: to

text: present

text: day

text: Tunisia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Iranian

text: plateau

text: to

text: Central

text: Asia

text: in

text: the

text: east

question: date_of_birth ammar ibn yasir

answer: 570


text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province by a large margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians, and is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto.

text: Ontario

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: provinces

text: and

text: territories

text: of

text: Canada

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: east

text: central

text: Canada

text: It

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: by

text: large

text: margin

text: accounting

text: for

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: all

text: Canadians

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: province

text: in

text: total

text: area

text: Ontario

text: is

text: fourth

text: largest

text: in

text: total

text: area

text: when

text: the

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: and

text: Nunavut

text: are

text: included

text: It

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: Ottawa

text: and

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: Toronto

text:
Minnesota (locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan "Land of 10,000 Lakes". Its official motto is "L'Étoile du Nord" (French: "Star of the North").
Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 21st most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60 percent of its residents live in the MinneapolisSaint Paul metropolitan area (known as the "Twin Cities"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government and home to an internationally known arts community. The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now partially cleared, farmed and settled; and the less populated North Woods, used for mining, forestry, and recreation.
Minnesota is known for its progressive political orientation and its high rate of civic participation and voter turnout. Until European settlement, Minnesota was inhabited by the Dakota and Ojibwe/Anishinaabe. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the large majority of the European settlers emigrated from Scandinavia and Germany, and the state remains a center of Scandinavian American and German American culture. In recent decades, immigration from Asia, the Horn of Africa, and Latin America has broadened its historic demographic and cultural composition. Minnesota's standard of living index is among the highest in the United States, and the state is also among the best-educated and wealthiest in the nation.

text: Minnesota

text: locally

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: midwestern

text: and

text: northern

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Minnesota

text: was

text: admitted

text: as

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: on

text: May

text: created

text: from

text: the

text: eastern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: Minnesota

text: Territory

text: The

text: state

text: has

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: lakes

text: and

text: is

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: slogan

text: Land

text: of

text: Lakes

text: Its

text: official

text: motto

text: is

text: L'Étoile

text: du

text: Nord

text: French

text: Star

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Minnesota

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: states

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: residents

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: MinneapolisSaint

text: Paul

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Twin

text: Cities

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: transportation

text: business

text: industry

text: education

text: and

text: government

text: and

text: home

text: to

text: an

text: internationally

text: known

text: arts

text: community

text: The

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: consists

text: of

text: western

text: prairies

text: now

text: given

text: over

text: to

text: intensive

text: agriculture

text: deciduous

text: forests

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: now

text: partially

text: cleared

text: farmed

text: and

text: settled

text: and

text: the

text: less

text: populated

text: North

text: Woods

text: used

text: for

text: mining

text: forestry

text: and

text: recreation

text: Minnesota

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: progressive

text: political

text: orientation

text: and

text: its

text: high

text: rate

text: of

text: civic

text: participation

text: and

text: voter

text: turnout

text: Until

text: European

text: settlement

text: Minnesota

text: was

text: inhabited

text: by

text: the

text: Dakota

text: and

text: Ojibwe

text: Anishinaabe

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: the

text: large

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: settlers

text: emigrated

text: from

text: Scandinavia

text: and

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: remains

text: center

text: of

text: Scandinavian

text: American

text: and

text: German

text: American

text: culture

text: In

text: recent

text: decades

text: immigration

text: from

text: Asia

text: the

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: and

text: Latin

text: America

text: has

text: broadened

text: its

text: historic

text: demographic

text: and

text: cultural

text: composition

text: Minnesota

text: 's

text: standard

text: of

text: living

text: index

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: also

text: among

text: the

text: best

text: educated

text: and

text: wealthiest

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: Oak Lake , Manitoba is a former town in the south - western `` Westman region '' of Manitoba , Canada that is located within the Rural Municipality of Sifton . It is located 52 km ( 32 mi ) west of Brandon along the Trans - Canada Highway . The lake after which it was named is in the rural municipality 's western area . During the late 19th century , the area around Oak Lake was a popular stopping point for fur traders and settlers due to the large number of big oak trees ( revered for their strength ) located around the lake that could be used to repair their wagons . In the fall of 1881 , work crews on the transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway had reached Flat Creek to the east of the current townsite . In the spring they moved the camp west and built a siding and station ( now long gone ) where the community 's flags and flower garden are now located .

text: Oak

text: Lake

text: Manitoba

text: is

text: former

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: Westman

text: region

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: Canada

text: that

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: Rural

text: Municipality

text: of

text: Sifton

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: km

text: mi

text: west

text: of

text: Brandon

text: along

text: the

text: Trans

text: Canada

text: Highway

text: The

text: lake

text: after

text: which

text: it

text: was

text: named

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: rural

text: municipality

text: 's

text: western

text: area

text: During

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: area

text: around

text: Oak

text: Lake

text: was

text: popular

text: stopping

text: point

text: for

text: fur

text: traders

text: and

text: settlers

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: big

text: oak

text: trees

text: revered

text: for

text: their

text: strength

text: located

text: around

text: the

text: lake

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: repair

text: their

text: wagons

text: In

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: work

text: crews

text: on

text: the

text: transcontinental

text: Canadian

text: Pacific

text: Railway

text: had

text: reached

text: Flat

text: Creek

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: townsite

text: In

text: the

text: spring

text: they

text: moved

text: the

text: camp

text: west

text: and

text: built

text: siding

text: and

text: station

text: now

text: long

text: gone

text: where

text: the

text: community

text: 's

text: flags

text: and

text: flower

text: garden

text: are

text: now

text: located

text: The Rural Municipality of Sifton is a rural municipality in the southwest portion of the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is slated to amalgamate with the Town of Oak Lake on January 1, 2015. The amalgamation is occurring as a requirement of "The Municipal Amalgamations Act", which requires that municipalities with a population less than 1,000 amalgamate with one or more neighbouring municipalities by 2015. The Government of Manitoba initiated these amalgamations in order for municipalities to meet the 1997 minimum population requirement of 1,000 to incorporate a municipality.

text: The

text: Rural

text: Municipality

text: of

text: Sifton

text: is

text: rural

text: municipality

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: It

text: is

text: slated

text: to

text: amalgamate

text: with

text: the

text: Town

text: of

text: Oak

text: Lake

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: amalgamation

text: is

text: occurring

text: as

text: requirement

text: of

text: The

text: Municipal

text: Amalgamations

text: Act

text: which

text: requires

text: that

text: municipalities

text: with

text: population

text: less

text: than

text: amalgamate

text: with

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: neighbouring

text: municipalities

text: by

text: The

text: Government

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: initiated

text: these

text: amalgamations

text: in

text: order

text: for

text: municipalities

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: minimum

text: population

text: requirement

text: of

text: to

text: incorporate

text: municipality

text: The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.

text: The

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: It

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: or

text: depending

text: on

text: definition

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Asia

text: and

text: Australia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: The maple leaf is the characteristic leaf of the maple tree, and is the most widely recognized national symbol of Canada.

text: The

text: maple

text: leaf

text: is

text: the

text: characteristic

text: leaf

text: of

text: the

text: maple

text: tree

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: recognized

text: national

text: symbol

text: of

text: Canada

text: Saskatchewan (or ) is a prairie and boreal province in west-central Canada, the only province without natural borders. It has an area of , nearly 10 percent of which is fresh water, composed mostly of rivers, reservoirs, and the province's 100,000 lakes.

text: Saskatchewan

text: or

text: is

text: prairie

text: and

text: boreal

text: province

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Canada

text: the

text: only

text: province

text: without

text: natural

text: borders

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: fresh

text: water

text: composed

text: mostly

text: of

text: rivers

text: reservoirs

text: and

text: the

text: province

text: 's

text: lakes

text: Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, as well as several much smaller islands.

text: Prince

text: Edward

text: Island

text: PEI

text: or

text: P.E.I.

text: is

text: province

text: of

text: Canada

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: several

text: much

text: smaller

text: islands

text: A rural municipality, often abbreviated RM, is a type of municipal status in the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, and soon to be Prince Edward Island, or a group of municipal status types in the provinces of Alberta and Nova Scotia.

text: rural

text: municipality

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: RM

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: municipal

text: status

text: in

text: the

text: Canadian

text: provinces

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: and

text: Saskatchewan

text: and

text: soon

text: to

text: be

text: Prince

text: Edward

text: Island

text: or

text: group

text: of

text: municipal

text: status

text: types

text: in

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Alberta

text: and

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: The Northwest Territories (also known as NWT; French: "les Territoires du Nord-Ouest", "TNO"; Athabaskan languages: "Denendeh"; Inuinnaqtun: "Nunatsiaq"; Inuktitut: ) is a territory of Canada. At a land area of approximately and a 2011 population of 41,462, it is the second largest and most populous of the three territories in Northern Canada. Its estimated population as of 2016 is 44,291. Yellowknife became the territorial capital in 1967, following recommendations by the Carrothers Commission.

text: The

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: NWT

text: French

text: les

text: Territoires

text: du

text: Nord

text: Ouest

text: TNO

text: Athabaskan

text: languages

text: Denendeh

text: Inuinnaqtun

text: Nunatsiaq

text: Inuktitut

text: is

text: territory

text: of

text: Canada

text: At

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: approximately

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: territories

text: in

text: Northern

text: Canada

text: Its

text: estimated

text: population

text: as

text: of

text: is

text: Yellowknife

text: became

text: the

text: territorial

text: capital

text: in

text: following

text: recommendations

text: by

text: the

text: Carrothers

text: Commission

text: Nova Scotia (Latin for "New Scotland"; French: "Nouvelle-Écosse") is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces which form Atlantic Canada. Its provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is Canada's second-smallest province, with an area of , including Cape Breton and another 3,800 coastal islands. As of 2011, the population was 921,727, making Nova Scotia the second most-densely populated province in Canada with almost .

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: Latin

text: for

text: New

text: Scotland

text: French

text: Nouvelle

text: Écosse

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Canada

text: 's

text: three

text: Maritime

text: provinces

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: provinces

text: which

text: form

text: Atlantic

text: Canada

text: Its

text: provincial

text: capital

text: is

text: Halifax

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: second

text: smallest

text: province

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: including

text: Cape

text: Breton

text: and

text: another

text: coastal

text: islands

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: making

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: province

text: in

text: Canada

text: with

text: almost

text: North Dakota (locally ) is the 39th state of the United States, having been admitted to the union on November 2, 1889.

text: North

text: Dakota

text: locally

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: having

text: been

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: union

text: on

text: November

text: Nunavut (from Inuktitut:  ) is the newest, largest, northernmost, and least populous territory of Canada. It was separated officially from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999, via the Nunavut Act and the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act, though the boundaries had been contemplatively drawn in 1993. The creation of Nunavut resulted in the first major change to Canada's political map since the incorporation of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in 1949.

text: Nunavut

text: from

text: Inuktitut

text: is

text: the

text: newest

text: largest

text: northernmost

text: and

text: least

text: populous

text: territory

text: of

text: Canada

text: It

text: was

text: separated

text: officially

text: from

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: on

text: April

text: via

text: the

text: Nunavut

text: Act

text: and

text: the

text: Nunavut

text: Land

text: Claims

text: Agreement

text: Act

text: though

text: the

text: boundaries

text: had

text: been

text: contemplatively

text: drawn

text: in

text: The

text: creation

text: of

text: Nunavut

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: change

text: to

text: Canada

text: 's

text: political

text: map

text: since

text: the

text: incorporation

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Newfoundland

text: and

text: Labrador

text: in

text: Alberta is a western province of Canada. With an estimated population of 4,196,457 as of July 1, 2015, it is Canada's fourth-most populous province and the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces. Its area is about . Alberta and its neighbour Saskatchewan were districts of the Northwest Territories until they were established as provinces on September 1, 1905. The premier has been Rachel Notley since May 2015.

text: Alberta

text: is

text: western

text: province

text: of

text: Canada

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: July

text: it

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: Canada

text: 's

text: three

text: prairie

text: provinces

text: Its

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: Alberta

text: and

text: its

text: neighbour

text: Saskatchewan

text: were

text: districts

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: until

text: they

text: were

text: established

text: as

text: provinces

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: premier

text: has

text: been

text: Rachel

text: Notley

text: since

text: May

text: The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World".

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oceans

text: with

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: It

text: covers

text: approximately

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: and

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: water

text: surface

text: area

text: It

text: separates

text: the

text: Old

text: World

text: from

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: The Trans-Canada Highway (French: "Route Transcanadienne") is a transcontinental federal-provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada between its Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean coasts to the west and east respectively. It is, along with the Trans-Siberian Highway and Australia's Highway 1, one of the world's longest national highways, with the main route spanning . The system was approved by the Trans-Canada Highway Act of 1949, with construction commencing in 1950. The highway officially opened in 1962, and was completed in 1971. Upon its original completion, the Trans-Canada Highway was the most lengthy uninterrupted highway in the world. The highway system is recognizable by its distinctive white-on-green maple leaf route markers.

text: The

text: Trans

text: Canada

text: Highway

text: French

text: Route

text: Transcanadienne

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: federal

text: provincial

text: highway

text: system

text: that

text: travels

text: through

text: all

text: ten

text: provinces

text: of

text: Canada

text: between

text: its

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: and

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: coasts

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: east

text: respectively

text: It

text: is

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Trans

text: Siberian

text: Highway

text: and

text: Australia

text: 's

text: Highway

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: national

text: highways

text: with

text: the

text: main

text: route

text: spanning

text: The

text: system

text: was

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: Trans

text: Canada

text: Highway

text: Act

text: of

text: with

text: construction

text: commencing

text: in

text: The

text: highway

text: officially

text: opened

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: completed

text: in

text: Upon

text: its

text: original

text: completion

text: the

text: Trans

text: Canada

text: Highway

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: lengthy

text: uninterrupted

text: highway

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: highway

text: system

text: is

text: recognizable

text: by

text: its

text: distinctive

text: white

text: on

text: green

text: maple

text: leaf

text: route

text: markers

text: A highway is any public road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks: It is "not" an equivalent term to controlled-access highway, or a translation for "autobahn", "autoroute", etc.

text: highway

text: is

text: any

text: public

text: road

text: or

text: other

text: public

text: way

text: on

text: land

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: for

text: major

text: roads

text: but

text: also

text: includes

text: other

text: public

text: roads

text: and

text: public

text: tracks

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: equivalent

text: term

text: to

text: controlled

text: access

text: highway

text: or

text: translation

text: for

text: autobahn

text: autoroute

text: etc

text: Manitoba is a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada. It is one of the three prairie provinces (with Alberta and Saskatchewan) and Canada's fifth-most populous province with its estimated 1.3 million people. Manitoba covers with a widely varied landscape. The province is bordered by the provinces of Ontario to the east and Saskatchewan to the west, the territories of Nunavut to the north, and Northwest Territories to the northwest, and the US states of North Dakota and Minnesota to the south.

text: Manitoba

text: is

text: province

text: at

text: the

text: longitudinal

text: centre

text: of

text: Canada

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: prairie

text: provinces

text: with

text: Alberta

text: and

text: Saskatchewan

text: and

text: Canada

text: 's

text: fifth

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: with

text: its

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: Manitoba

text: covers

text: with

text: widely

text: varied

text: landscape

text: The

text: province

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Ontario

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Saskatchewan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: territories

text: of

text: Nunavut

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: the

text: US

text: states

text: of

text: North

text: Dakota

text: and

text: Minnesota

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The Trans-Siberian Highway is the unofficial name for a network of federal highways that span the width of Russia from the Baltic Sea of the Atlantic Ocean to the Sea of Japan of the Pacific Ocean. In the Asian Highway Network, the route is known as AH6. It stretches over from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok. The road disputes the title of the longest national highway in the world with the Australia's Highway 1.

text: The

text: Trans

text: Siberian

text: Highway

text: is

text: the

text: unofficial

text: name

text: for

text: network

text: of

text: federal

text: highways

text: that

text: span

text: the

text: width

text: of

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Japan

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: In

text: the

text: Asian

text: Highway

text: Network

text: the

text: route

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: It

text: stretches

text: over

text: from

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: to

text: Vladivostok

text: The

text: road

text: disputes

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: longest

text: national

text: highway

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: the

text: Australia

text: 's

text: Highway

annotations: likely single

question: shares_border_with oak lake

answer: rivers

text: rivers