text: Illya Olehovych Kvasha (born 5 March 1988) is a Ukrainian diver. Competing with Oleksiy Prygorov, he won the bronze medal in the 3 m spring synchro at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Kvasha is also a multiple European champion.

text: Illya

text: Olehovych

text: Kvasha

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: Ukrainian

text: diver

text: Competing

text: with

text: Oleksiy

text: Prygorov

text: he

text: won

text: the

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: the

text: spring

text: synchro

text: at

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Beijing

text: Kvasha

text: is

text: also

text: multiple

text: European

text: champion

text: The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and commonly known as Beijing 2008, was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Beijing, China, from 8 to 24 August 2008. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 28 sports and 302 events (a total of one event more than the schedule of the 2004 Games). China became the 22nd nation to host the Olympic Games and the 18th to hold a Summer Olympic Games. It was the third time that the Summer Olympic Games were held in East Asia and Asia, after Tokyo, Japan, in 1964 and Seoul, South Korea, in 1988.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: XXIX

text: Olympiad

text: and

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Beijing

text: was

text: major

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Beijing

text: China

text: from

text: to

text: August

text: total

text: of

text: athletes

text: from

text: National

text: Olympic

text: Committees

text: NOCs

text: competed

text: in

text: sports

text: and

text: events

text: total

text: of

text: one

text: event

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: schedule

text: of

text: the

text: Games

text: China

text: became

text: the

text: nation

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: and

text: the

text: to

text: hold

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: third

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: and

text: Asia

text: after

text: Tokyo

text: Japan

text: in

text: and

text: Seoul

text: South

text: Korea

text: in

text: Oleksiy Pryhorov ( Ukrainian :    ; born June 25 , 1987 in Kharkiv ) is a Ukrainian diver who won the bronze medal in the 3 m spring synchro along with Illya Kvasha in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . The duo won gold at the same event during the 2010 European Aquatics Championships .

text: Oleksiy

text: Pryhorov

text: Ukrainian

text: born

text: June

text: in

text: Kharkiv

text: is

text: Ukrainian

text: diver

text: who

text: won

text: the

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: the

text: spring

text: synchro

text: along

text: with

text: Illya

text: Kvasha

text: in

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Beijing

text: The

text: duo

text: won

text: gold

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: event

text: during

text: the

text: European

text: Aquatics

text: Championships

text: The 2010 European Aquatics Championships were held from 415 August 2010 in Budapest and Balatonfüred, Hungary. It was the fourth time that the city of Budapest hosts this event after 1926, 1958 and 2006. Events in swimming, diving, synchronised swimming (synchro) and open water swimming were scheduled.

text: The

text: European

text: Aquatics

text: Championships

text: were

text: held

text: from

text: August

text: in

text: Budapest

text: and

text: Balatonfüred

text: Hungary

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Budapest

text: hosts

text: this

text: event

text: after

text: and

text: Events

text: in

text: swimming

text: diving

text: synchronised

text: swimming

text: synchro

text: and

text: open

text: water

text: swimming

text: were

text: scheduled

text: Tianjin, formerly romanized as Tientsin, is a metropolis in northern coastal Mainland China, administered by the People's Republic of China and one of the five national central cities of China, with a total municipal population of 15,469,500. It is governed as one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of the PRC and is thus under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea. Part of the Bohai Economic Rim, it is the largest coastal city in northern China.

text: Tianjin

text: formerly

text: romanized

text: as

text: Tientsin

text: is

text: metropolis

text: in

text: northern

text: coastal

text: Mainland

text: China

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: national

text: central

text: cities

text: of

text: China

text: with

text: total

text: municipal

text: population

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: governed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: of

text: the

text: PRC

text: and

text: is

text: thus

text: under

text: direct

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: Tianjin

text: borders

text: Hebei

text: Province

text: and

text: Beijing

text: Municipality

text: bounded

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Bohai

text: Gulf

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Yellow

text: Sea

text: Part

text: of

text: the

text: Bohai

text: Economic

text: Rim

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: coastal

text: city

text: in

text: northern

text: China

text: Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people.

text: Asia

text: is

text: Earth

text: 's

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: continent

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: and

text: northern

text: hemispheres

text: and

text: sharing

text: the

text: continental

text: landmass

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: with

text: the

text: continent

text: of

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: The

text: continent

text: which

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: population

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: civilizations

text: Asia

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: not

text: only

text: its

text: overall

text: large

text: size

text: and

text: population

text: but

text: also

text: dense

text: and

text: large

text: settlements

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: vast

text: barely

text: populated

text: regions

text: within

text: the

text: continent

text: of

text: billion

text: people

text: East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural terms. Geographically and geopolitically, it includes China, Hong Kong, and Macao; Mongolia and Taiwan; North and South Korea; and Japan; it covers about , or about 28% of the Asian continent, about twice the area of Europe.

text: East

text: Asia

text: is

text: the

text: eastern

text: subregion

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: defined

text: in

text: either

text: geographical

text: or

text: ethno

text: cultural

text: terms

text: Geographically

text: and

text: geopolitically

text: it

text: includes

text: China

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macao

text: Mongolia

text: and

text: Taiwan

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Korea

text: and

text: Japan

text: it

text: covers

text: about

text: or

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: about

text: twice

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Europe

text: Kharkiv (,) is the second-largest city in Ukraine. In the northeast of the country, it is the largest city of the Slobozhanshchyna historical region. The city has a population of about 1.5 million people. Kharkiv is the administrative centre of Kharkiv Oblast and of the surrounding Kharkiv district.

text: Kharkiv

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: In

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Slobozhanshchyna

text: historical

text: region

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: Kharkiv

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: Kharkiv

text: Oblast

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: surrounding

text: Kharkiv

text: district

text: Hebei (postal: Hopeh) is a province of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" (Jì), named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province ("zhou") that included what is now southern Hebei. The name "Hebei" literally means "north of the river", referring to its location entirely to the north of the Huang He  (Yellow River).

text: Hebei

text: postal

text: Hopeh

text: is

text: province

text: of

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: China

text: region

text: Its

text: one

text: character

text: abbreviation

text: is

text: Jì

text: named

text: after

text: Ji

text: Province

text: Han

text: Dynasty

text: province

text: zhou

text: that

text: included

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: southern

text: Hebei

text: The

text: name

text: Hebei

text: literally

text: means

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: referring

text: to

text: its

text: location

text: entirely

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Huang

text: He

text: Yellow

text: River

text: Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. It covers an area of , situated in the Carpathian Basin and bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world. Hungary's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- global city. Major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Gyr.

text: Hungary

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Basin

text: and

text: bordered

text: by

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Slovenia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Hungary

text: is

text: medium

text: sized

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Hungarian

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: Uralic

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Budapest

text: significant

text: economic

text: hub

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: Alpha-

text: global

text: city

text: Major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Debrecen

text: Szeged

text: Miskolc

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Gyr

text: Budapest is the capital and most populous city of Hungary, one of the largest cities in the European Union and sometimes described as the primate city of Hungary. It has an area of and a population of about 1.8 million within the administrative limits in 2016. It is both a city and county, and forms the centre of the Budapest Metropolitan Area, which has an area of and a population of 3.3 million, comprising 33 percent of the population of Hungary. Budapest became a single city occupying both banks of the Danube river with the unification of Buda and Óbuda on the west bank, with Pest on the east bank on November 17, 1873.

text: Budapest

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: Hungary

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: sometimes

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: primate

text: city

text: of

text: Hungary

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: within

text: the

text: administrative

text: limits

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: both

text: city

text: and

text: county

text: and

text: forms

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Budapest

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: which

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: comprising

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Hungary

text: Budapest

text: became

text: single

text: city

text: occupying

text: both

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Danube

text: river

text: with

text: the

text: unification

text: of

text: Buda

text: and

text: Óbuda

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: bank

text: with

text: Pest

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: bank

text: on

text: November

text: The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years. The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904. The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: or

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: Olympiad

text: first

text: held

text: in

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: that

text: is

text: hosted

text: by

text: different

text: city

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: The

text: most

text: recent

text: Olympics

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: Rio

text: de

text: Janeiro

text: Brazil

text: The

text: International

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: organizes

text: the

text: games

text: and

text: oversees

text: the

text: host

text: city

text: 's

text: preparations

text: In

text: each

text: Olympic

text: event

text: gold

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: first

text: place

text: silver

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: second

text: place

text: and

text: bronze

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: third

text: this

text: tradition

text: began

text: in

text: The

text: Winter

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: were

text: created

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: Balatonfüred is a popular resort town in Veszprém county, in Hungary, with a population of 13,000, situated on the northern shore of Lake Balaton. It is considered to be the capital of the Northern lake shore and is a popular yachting destination. It is also a favorite location for fishing, carp being the most common catch, although the introduction of eels and other non-indigenous species has caused ecological damage in recent years.

text: Balatonfüred

text: is

text: popular

text: resort

text: town

text: in

text: Veszprém

text: county

text: in

text: Hungary

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: Lake

text: Balaton

text: It

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Northern

text: lake

text: shore

text: and

text: is

text: popular

text: yachting

text: destination

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: favorite

text: location

text: for

text: fishing

text: carp

text: being

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: catch

text: although

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: eels

text: and

text: other

text: non

text: indigenous

text: species

text: has

text: caused

text: ecological

text: damage

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: Tokyo, officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world. It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government. Tokyo is in the Kant region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters. It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo. Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .

text: Tokyo

text: officially

text: Tokyo

text: Metropolis

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Japan

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: prefectures

text: The

text: Greater

text: Tokyo

text: Area

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: Emperor

text: of

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: Japanese

text: government

text: Tokyo

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: Kant

text: region

text: on

text: the

text: southeastern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: Honshu

text: and

text: includes

text: the

text: Izu

text: Islands

text: and

text: Ogasawara

text: Islands

text: Formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Edo

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: since

text: when

text: Shogun

text: Tokugawa

text: Ieyasu

text: made

text: the

text: city

text: his

text: headquarters

text: It

text: officially

text: became

text: the

text: capital

text: after

text: Emperor

text: Meiji

text: moved

text: his

text: seat

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: from

text: the

text: old

text: capital

text: of

text: Kyoto

text: in

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: Edo

text: was

text: renamed

text: Tokyo

text: Tokyo

text: Metropolis

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: from

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: and

text: the

text: Beijing (formerly romanised as Peking) is the capital of the People's Republic of China and the world's third most populous city proper. It is also one of the world's most populous capital cities. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighbouring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.

text: Beijing

text: formerly

text: romanised

text: as

text: Peking

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: capital

text: cities

text: The

text: city

text: located

text: in

text: northern

text: China

text: is

text: governed

text: as

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipality

text: under

text: the

text: national

text: government

text: with

text: urban

text: suburban

text: and

text: rural

text: districts

text: Beijing

text: Municipality

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: Hebei

text: Province

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: neighbouring

text: Tianjin

text: Municipality

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: together

text: the

text: three

text: divisions

text: form

text: the

text: Jingjinji

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: capital

text: region

text: of

text: China

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Kharkiv Oblast (translit. "Charkivka oblastj"; also referred to as Kharkivshchyna  "", , translit. "Charjkovskaja oblastj") is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine. The oblast borders Russia to the north, Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the south-east, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the south-west, Poltava Oblast to the west and Sumy Oblast to the north-west. The area of the oblast is 31,400 km², corresponding to 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

text: Kharkiv

text: Oblast

text: translit

text: Charkivka

text: oblastj

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Kharkivshchyna

text: translit

text: Charjkovskaja

text: oblastj

text: is

text: an

text: oblast

text: province

text: in

text: eastern

text: Ukraine

text: The

text: oblast

text: borders

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Luhansk

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Donetsk

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Dnipropetrovsk

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: Poltava

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Sumy

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: west

text: The

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: oblast

text: is

text: corresponding

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: territory

text: of

text: Ukraine

text: Seoul ()  officially the Seoul Special City  is the capital and largest metropolis of the Republic of Korea (commonly known as South Korea), forming the heart of the Seoul Capital Area, which includes the surrounding Incheon metropolis and Gyeonggi province, the world's 16th largest city. It is home to over half of all South Koreans along with 678,102 international residents.

text: Seoul

text: officially

text: the

text: Seoul

text: Special

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Korea

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: South

text: Korea

text: forming

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Seoul

text: Capital

text: Area

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: surrounding

text: Incheon

text: metropolis

text: and

text: Gyeonggi

text: province

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: over

text: half

text: of

text: all

text: South

text: Koreans

text: along

text: with

text: international

text: residents

annotations: follows single

question: country_of_citizenship oleksiy pryhorov

answer: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine

text: ukraine


text: Columbus is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the 15th largest city in the United States, with a population of 850,106 (2015 estimate). It is the core city of the Columbus, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which encompasses a ten county area. It is Ohio's third largest metropolitan area, behind Cleveland and Cincinnati.

text: Columbus

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Ohio

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: estimate

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: core

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Columbus

text: OH

text: Metropolitan

text: Statistical

text: Area

text: MSA

text: which

text: encompasses

text: ten

text: county

text: area

text: It

text: is

text: Ohio

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: behind

text: Cleveland

text: and

text: Cincinnati

text: Kosovo  is a disputed territory and partially recognised state in Southeast Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo. Kosovo is landlocked in the central Balkan Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pristina. It is bordered by the Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the south, Montenegro to the west, and the uncontested territory of Serbia to the north and east. While Serbia recognises administration of the territory by Kosovo's elected government, it still continues to claim it as its own Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.

text: Kosovo

text: is

text: disputed

text: territory

text: and

text: partially

text: recognised

text: state

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: that

text: declared

text: independence

text: from

text: Serbia

text: in

text: February

text: as

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kosovo

text: Kosovo

text: is

text: landlocked

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: Balkan

text: Peninsula

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Pristina

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: Albania

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Montenegro

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: uncontested

text: territory

text: of

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: While

text: Serbia

text: recognises

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: by

text: Kosovo

text: 's

text: elected

text: government

text: it

text: still

text: continues

text: to

text: claim

text: it

text: as

text: its

text: own

text: Autonomous

text: Province

text: of

text: Kosovo

text: and

text: Metohija

text: The 20th century was a century that began on  January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s (sometimes written as 19XX), which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999.

text: The

text: century

text: was

text: century

text: that

text: began

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: ended

text: on

text: December

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: tenth

text: and

text: final

text: century

text: of

text: the

text: millennium

text: It

text: is

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: sometimes

text: written

text: as

text: which

text: began

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: ended

text: on

text: December

text: Ohio is an Eastern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.

text: Ohio

text: is

text: an

text: Eastern

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Lakes

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Ohio

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Columbus

text: The Ohio State University, commonly referred to as Ohio State or OSU, is a public university in Columbus, Ohio. Founded in 1870 as a land-grant university and ninth university in Ohio with the Morrill Act of 1862, the university was originally known as the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College (Mech). The college began with a focus on training students in various agricultural and mechanical disciplines but was developed into a comprehensive university under the direction of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes, and in 1878 the Ohio General Assembly passed a law changing the name to "The Ohio State University". It has since grown into the third-largest university campus in the United States. Along with its main campus in Columbus, Ohio State also operates a regional campus system with regional campuses in Lima, Mansfield, Marion, Newark, and Wooster.

text: The

text: Ohio

text: State

text: University

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Ohio

text: State

text: or

text: OSU

text: is

text: public

text: university

text: in

text: Columbus

text: Ohio

text: Founded

text: in

text: as

text: land

text: grant

text: university

text: and

text: ninth

text: university

text: in

text: Ohio

text: with

text: the

text: Morrill

text: Act

text: of

text: the

text: university

text: was

text: originally

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Ohio

text: Agricultural

text: and

text: Mechanical

text: College

text: Mech

text: The

text: college

text: began

text: with

text: focus

text: on

text: training

text: students

text: in

text: various

text: agricultural

text: and

text: mechanical

text: disciplines

text: but

text: was

text: developed

text: into

text: comprehensive

text: university

text: under

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: Governor

text: Rutherford

text: Hayes

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Ohio

text: General

text: Assembly

text: passed

text: law

text: changing

text: the

text: name

text: to

text: The

text: Ohio

text: State

text: University

text: It

text: has

text: since

text: grown

text: into

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: university

text: campus

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Along

text: with

text: its

text: main

text: campus

text: in

text: Columbus

text: Ohio

text: State

text: also

text: operates

text: regional

text: campus

text: system

text: with

text: regional

text: campuses

text: in

text: Lima

text: Mansfield

text: Marion

text: Newark

text: and

text: Wooster

text: Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.

text: Iran

text: also

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Persia

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iran

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: by

text: Armenia

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: Nagorno

text: Karabakh

text: Republic

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: by

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Iraq

text: Comprising

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Iran

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: with

text: both

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: and

text: an

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: coastline

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: central

text: location

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Hormuz

text: make

text: it

text: of

text: great

text: geostrategic

text: importance

text: Tehran

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: leading

text: economic

text: center

text: The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR " ) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. A union of multiple subnational republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The Soviet Union was a one-party federation, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital.

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: officially

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: USSR

text: was

text: socialist

text: state

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: to

text: union

text: of

text: multiple

text: subnational

text: republics

text: its

text: government

text: and

text: economy

text: were

text: highly

text: centralized

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: was

text: one

text: party

text: federation

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: with

text: Moscow

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period (the second half of the 20th century) between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine (a U.S. policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism) was announced, and 1991, the year the Soviet Union collapsed.

text: The

text: Cold

text: War

text: was

text: state

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: military

text: tension

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: between

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: its

text: satellite

text: states

text: and

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Bloc

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: its

text: NATO

text: allies

text: and

text: others

text: Historians

text: do

text: not

text: fully

text: agree

text: on

text: the

text: dates

text: but

text: common

text: timeframe

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: between

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: U.S.

text: policy

text: pledging

text: to

text: aid

text: nations

text: threatened

text: by

text: Soviet

text: expansionism

text: was

text: announced

text: and

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: collapsed

text: Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822  January 17, 1893) was the 19th President of the United States (187781). He became President at the end of the Reconstruction Era of the United States through a complex Compromise of 1877. As President he ended Army support for Republican state governments in the South, promoted civil service reform, and attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War and Reconstruction.

text: Rutherford

text: Birchard

text: Hayes

text: October

text: January

text: was

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: He

text: became

text: President

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Reconstruction

text: Era

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: through

text: complex

text: Compromise

text: of

text: As

text: President

text: he

text: ended

text: Army

text: support

text: for

text: Republican

text: state

text: governments

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: promoted

text: civil

text: service

text: reform

text: and

text: attempted

text: to

text: reconcile

text: the

text: divisions

text: left

text: over

text: from

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: Reconstruction

text: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO  '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states: the United States, France and the United Kingdom. NATO's headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, where the Supreme Allied Commander also resides. Belgium is one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programmes. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total. Members' defence spending is supposed to amount to 2% of GDP.

text: The

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: Organization

text: NATO

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Alliance

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: military

text: alliance

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: which

text: was

text: signed

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: organization

text: constitutes

text: system

text: of

text: collective

text: defence

text: whereby

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: agree

text: to

text: mutual

text: defence

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: an

text: attack

text: by

text: any

text: external

text: party

text: Three

text: NATO

text: members

text: are

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: veto

text: and

text: are

text: officially

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: states

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: NATO

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Haren

text: Brussels

text: Belgium

text: where

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Allied

text: Commander

text: also

text: resides

text: Belgium

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: across

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: the

text: newest

text: of

text: which

text: Albania

text: and

text: Croatia

text: joined

text: in

text: April

text: An

text: additional

text: countries

text: participate

text: in

text: NATO

text: 's

text: Partnership

text: for

text: Peace

text: program

text: with

text: other

text: countries

text: involved

text: in

text: institutionalized

text: dialogue

text: programmes

text: The

text: combined

text: military

text: spending

text: of

text: all

text: NATO

text: members

text: constitutes

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: total

text: Members

text: defence

text: spending

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: amount

text: to

text: of

text: GDP

text: Robert J. McMahon is an American historian of the foreign relations of the United States and a leading scholar of the Cold War . He currently holds the chair of Ralph D. Mershon Distinguished Professor at Ohio State University .

text: Robert

text: McMahon

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: historian

text: of

text: the

text: foreign

text: relations

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: leading

text: scholar

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: He

text: currently

text: holds

text: the

text: chair

text: of

text: Ralph

text: Mershon

text: Distinguished

text: Professor

text: at

text: Ohio

text: State

text: University

text: A land-grant university (also called land-grant college or land-grant institution) is an institution of higher education in the United States designated by a state to receive the benefits of the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890.

text: land

text: grant

text: university

text: also

text: called

text: land

text: grant

text: college

text: or

text: land

text: grant

text: institution

text: is

text: an

text: institution

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: designated

text: by

text: state

text: to

text: receive

text: the

text: benefits

text: of

text: the

text: Morrill

text: Acts

text: of

text: and

text:
The Truman Doctrine was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical spread during the Cold War. It was first announced to Congress by President Harry S. Truman on March 12, 1947 and further developed on July 12, 1948 when he pledged to contain Soviet threats to Greece and Turkey. American military force was usually not involved, but Congress appropriated free gifts of financial aid to support the economies and the military of Greece and Turkey. More generally, the Truman doctrine implied American support for other nations threatened by Soviet communism. The Truman Doctrine became the foundation of American foreign policy, and led, in 1949, to the formation of NATO, a military alliance that is still in effect. Historians often use Truman's speech to date the start of the Cold War.
Truman told Congress that "it must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." Truman reasoned that because the totalitarian regimes coerced free peoples, they represented a threat to international peace and the national security of the United States. Truman made the plea amid the crisis of the Greek Civil War (194649). He argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid that they urgently needed, they would inevitably fall to communism with grave consequences throughout the region. Because Turkey and Greece were historic rivals, it was necessary to help both equally even though the threat to Greece was more immediate. Historian Eric Foner argues the Truman Doctrine "set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world, no matter how undemocratic, and for the creation of a set of global military alliances directed against the Soviet Union."

text: The

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: foreign

text: policy

text: created

text: to

text: counter

text: Soviet

text: geopolitical

text: spread

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: announced

text: to

text: Congress

text: by

text: President

text: Harry

text: Truman

text: on

text: March

text: and

text: further

text: developed

text: on

text: July

text: when

text: he

text: pledged

text: to

text: contain

text: Soviet

text: threats

text: to

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: American

text: military

text: force

text: was

text: usually

text: not

text: involved

text: but

text: Congress

text: appropriated

text: free

text: gifts

text: of

text: financial

text: aid

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: economies

text: and

text: the

text: military

text: of

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: More

text: generally

text: the

text: Truman

text: doctrine

text: implied

text: American

text: support

text: for

text: other

text: nations

text: threatened

text: by

text: Soviet

text: communism

text: The

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: became

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: American

text: foreign

text: policy

text: and

text: led

text: in

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: NATO

text: military

text: alliance

text: that

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: effect

text: Historians

text: often

text: use

text: Truman

text: 's

text: speech

text: to

text: date

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: Truman

text: told

text: Congress

text: that

text: it

text: must

text: be

text: the

text: policy

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: to

text: support

text: free

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: resisting

text: attempted

text: subjugation

text: by

text: armed

text: minorities

text: or

text: by

text: outside

text: pressures

text: Truman

text: reasoned

text: that

text: because

text: the

text: totalitarian

text: regimes

text: coerced

text: free

text: peoples

text: they

text: represented

text: threat

text: to

text: international

text: peace

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: security

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Truman

text: made

text: the

text: plea

text: amid

text: the

text: crisis

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: Civil

text: War

text: He

text: argued

text: that

text: if

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: did

text: not

text: receive

text: the

text: aid

text: that

text: they

text: urgently

text: needed

text: they

text: would

text: inevitably

text: fall

text: to

text: communism

text: with

text: grave

text: consequences

text: throughout

text: the

text: region

text: Because

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Greece

text: were

text: historic

text: rivals

text: it

text: was

text: necessary

text: to

text: help

text: both

text: equally

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: threat

text: to

text: Greece

text: was

text: more

text: immediate

text: Historian

text: Eric

text: Foner

text: argues

text: the

text: Truman

text: Doctrine

text: set

text: precedent

text: for

text: American

text: assistance

text: to

text: anticommunist

text: regimes

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: no

text: matter

text: how

text: undemocratic

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: set

text: of

text: global

text: military

text: alliances

text: directed

text: against

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. It consists of the 99-member Ohio House of Representatives and the 33-member Ohio Senate. Both houses of the General Assembly meet at the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus.

text: The

text: Ohio

text: General

text: Assembly

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: legislature

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Ohio

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: Ohio

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: and

text: the

text: Ohio

text: Senate

text: Both

text: houses

text: of

text: the

text: General

text: Assembly

text: meet

text: at

text: the

text: Ohio

text: Statehouse

text: in

text: Columbus

text: The term satellite state designates a country that is formally independent in the world, but under heavy political, economic and military influence or control from another country. The term was coined by analogy to planetary objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War or to Mongolia between 1924 and 1990, for example. As used for Central and Eastern European countries it implies that the countries in question were "satellites" under the hegemony of the Soviet Union. In some contexts it also refers to other countries in the Soviet sphere of influence during the Cold Warsuch as North Korea (especially in the years surrounding the Korean War of 19501953) and Cuba (particularly after it joined the Comecon in 1972). In Western usage, the term has seldom been applied to states other than those in the Soviet orbit. In Soviet usage, the term applied to the states in the orbit of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

text: The

text: term

text: satellite

text: state

text: designates

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: formally

text: independent

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: but

text: under

text: heavy

text: political

text: economic

text: and

text: military

text: influence

text: or

text: control

text: from

text: another

text: country

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: analogy

text: to

text: planetary

text: objects

text: orbiting

text: larger

text: object

text: such

text: as

text: smaller

text: moons

text: revolving

text: around

text: larger

text: planets

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: mainly

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: European

text: countries

text: of

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: or

text: to

text: Mongolia

text: between

text: and

text: for

text: example

text: As

text: used

text: for

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: European

text: countries

text: it

text: implies

text: that

text: the

text: countries

text: in

text: question

text: were

text: satellites

text: under

text: the

text: hegemony

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: In

text: some

text: contexts

text: it

text: also

text: refers

text: to

text: other

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: sphere

text: of

text: influence

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: Warsuch

text: as

text: North

text: Korea

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: surrounding

text: the

text: Korean

text: War

text: of

text: and

text: Cuba

text: particularly

text: after

text: it

text: joined

text: the

text: Comecon

text: in

text: In

text: Western

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: seldom

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: states

text: other

text: than

text: those

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: orbit

text: In

text: Soviet

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: orbit

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: and

text: Fascist

text: Italy

text: World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history.

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: WWII

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: was

text: global

text: war

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: to

text: although

text: related

text: conflicts

text: began

text: earlier

text: It

text: involved

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: nationsincluding

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: powerseventually

text: forming

text: two

text: opposing

text: military

text: alliances

text: the

text: Allies

text: and

text: the

text: Axis

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: widespread

text: war

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: directly

text: involved

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: from

text: over

text: countries

text: In

text: state

text: of

text: total

text: war

text: the

text: major

text: participants

text: threw

text: their

text: entire

text: economic

text: industrial

text: and

text: scientific

text: capabilities

text: behind

text: the

text: war

text: effort

text: erasing

text: the

text: distinction

text: between

text: civilian

text: and

text: military

text: resources

text: Marked

text: by

text: mass

text: deaths

text: of

text: civilians

text: including

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: the

text: strategic

text: bombing

text: of

text: industrial

text: and

text: population

text: centres

text: in

text: which

text: approximately

text: one

text: million

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: atomic

text: bombings

text: of

text: Hiroshima

text: and

text: Nagasaki

text: it

text: resulted

text: in

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: fatalities

text: These

text: made

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: deadliest

text: conflict

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: Title 22 of the United States Code outlines the role of foreign relations and intercourse in the United States Code.

text: Title

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Code

text: outlines

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: foreign

text: relations

text: and

text: intercourse

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Code

text: The United States has formal diplomatic relations with most nations (all UN member states except for Bhutan, Iran, North Korea and Syria; additionally, the US have diplomatic relations with the Holy See and with Kosovo). The United States federal statutes relating to foreign relations can be found in Title 22 of the United States Code.

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: has

text: formal

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: with

text: most

text: nations

text: all

text: UN

text: member

text: states

text: except

text: for

text: Bhutan

text: Iran

text: North

text: Korea

text: and

text: Syria

text: additionally

text: the

text: US

text: have

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: with

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: and

text: with

text: Kosovo

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: federal

text: statutes

text: relating

text: to

text: foreign

text: relations

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: Title

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Code

question: date_of_birth robert j. mcmahon

answer: 1949


text: Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe, one of the three Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.

text: Latvia

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Latvia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: region

text: of

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Estonia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: maritime

text: border

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: alongside

text: Sweden

text: Latvia

text: has

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: territory

text: of

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: Minsk Region or Minsk Voblas or Minsk Oblast ("Minskaja voblas"  "Minskaja oblastj") is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, although it is a separate administrative territorial entity of Belarus. As of 2011, the region's population is 1,411,500.

text: Minsk

text: Region

text: or

text: Minsk

text: Voblas

text: or

text: Minsk

text: Oblast

text: Minskaja

text: voblas

text: Minskaja

text: oblastj

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: regions

text: of

text: Belarus

text: Its

text: administrative

text: center

text: is

text: Minsk

text: although

text: it

text: is

text: separate

text: administrative

text: territorial

text: entity

text: of

text: Belarus

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 13th century until 1795. The state was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija.

text: The

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: was

text: European

text: state

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: until

text: The

text: state

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Lithuanians

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: polytheistic

text: Baltic

text: tribes

text: from

text: Aukštaitija

text: An oblast is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the now-defunct Soviet Union and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The term is analogous to "state" or "province".

text: An

text: oblast

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: of

text: Belarus

text: Bulgaria

text: Kazakhstan

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: Russia

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: the

text: now

text: defunct

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Serbs

text: Croats

text: and

text: Slovenes

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: analogous

text: to

text: state

text: or

text: province

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The post-Soviet states, also collectively known as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or former Soviet Republics, are the 15 independent states that emerged from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in its dissolution in December 1991, with Russia internationally recognised as the successor state to the Soviet Union. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania was the first to declare its independence, with Estonia and Latvia following suit in August 1991. All three Baltic states claimed continuity from the original states that existed prior to their annexation by the Soviet Union in 1944 and were admitted to the United Nations on 17 September 1991. The remaining 12 republics all subsequently seceded. 12 of the 15 states, excluding the Baltic states, initially formed the CIS and most joined CSTO, while the Baltic states focused on European Union and NATO membership.

text: The

text: post

text: Soviet

text: states

text: also

text: collectively

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: FSU

text: or

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Republics

text: are

text: the

text: independent

text: states

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: in

text: its

text: dissolution

text: in

text: December

text: with

text: Russia

text: internationally

text: recognised

text: as

text: the

text: successor

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: On

text: March

text: Lithuania

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: declare

text: its

text: independence

text: with

text: Estonia

text: and

text: Latvia

text: following

text: suit

text: in

text: August

text: All

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: claimed

text: continuity

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: states

text: that

text: existed

text: prior

text: to

text: their

text: annexation

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: in

text: and

text: were

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: remaining

text: republics

text: all

text: subsequently

text: seceded

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: excluding

text: the

text: Baltic

text: states

text: initially

text: formed

text: the

text: CIS

text: and

text: most

text: joined

text: CSTO

text: while

text: the

text: Baltic

text: states

text: focused

text: on

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: NATO

text: membership

text: A raion (also rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states (such as part of an oblast). The term is from the French ""rayon"" (meaning "honeycomb, department"), which is both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district".

text: raion

text: also

text: rayon

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: several

text: post

text: Soviet

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: oblast

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: rayon

text: meaning

text: honeycomb

text: department

text: which

text: is

text: both

text: type

text: of

text: subnational

text: entity

text: and

text: division

text: of

text: city

text: and

text: is

text: commonly

text: translated

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: district

text: Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.

text: Poland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Sudetes

text: and

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: Poland

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Poland

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: divided

text: into

text: administrative

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Warsaw

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Kraków

text: Wrocaw

text: Pozna

text: Gdask

text: and

text: Szczecin

text: A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district.

text: district

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: that

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: is

text: managed

text: by

text: local

text: government

text: Across

text: the

text: world

text: areas

text: known

text: as

text: districts

text: vary

text: greatly

text: in

text: size

text: spanning

text: entire

text: regions

text: or

text: counties

text: several

text: municipalities

text: subdivisions

text: of

text: municipalities

text: school

text: district

text: or

text: political

text: district

text: Minsk (; is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Belarus, situated on the Svislach and Nyamiha rivers. It is the administrative centre of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). As the national capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblast) and Minsk raion (district). In 2013, it had a population of 2,002,600.

text: Minsk

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Svislach

text: and

text: Nyamiha

text: rivers

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Independent

text: States

text: CIS

text: As

text: the

text: national

text: capital

text: Minsk

text: has

text: special

text: administrative

text: status

text: in

text: Belarus

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: Minsk

text: Region

text: voblast

text: and

text: Minsk

text: raion

text: district

text: In

text: it

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: Barysaw Raion is a second - level administrative subdivision ( raion ) of Minsk Voblast , Belarus . Its capital is the town of Barysaw .

text: Barysaw

text: Raion

text: is

text: second

text: level

text: administrative

text: subdivision

text: raion

text: of

text: Minsk

text: Voblast

text: Belarus

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Barysaw

text: The Principality of Polotsk, also known as the Kingdom of Polotsk or the Duchy of Polotsk, was a medieval principality of the Early East Slavs. The origin and date of state establishment is uncertain. The Russian chronicles mention Polotsk being conquered by Vladimir the Great, and thereafter it became associated with the Rurik dynasty and Kievan Rus'.

text: The

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: or

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: was

text: medieval

text: principality

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: East

text: Slavs

text: The

text: origin

text: and

text: date

text: of

text: state

text: establishment

text: is

text: uncertain

text: The

text: Russian

text: chronicles

text: mention

text: Polotsk

text: being

text: conquered

text: by

text: Vladimir

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: thereafter

text: it

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Rurik

text: dynasty

text: and

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: Polotsk or Polatsk is a historical city in Belarus, situated on the Dvina River. It is the center of the Polatsk Raion in Vitebsk Voblast. Its population is more than 80,000 people. It is served by Polotsk Airport and during the Cold War was home to Borovitsy air base.

text: Polotsk

text: or

text: Polatsk

text: is

text: historical

text: city

text: in

text: Belarus

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Dvina

text: River

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Polatsk

text: Raion

text: in

text: Vitebsk

text: Voblast

text: Its

text: population

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: It

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: Polotsk

text: Airport

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: Borovitsy

text: air

text: base

text: Eastern Europe, also known as East Europe, is the eastern part of the European continent. There is no consensus on the precise area it covers, partly because the term has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, cultural, and socioeconomic connotations. There are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". A related United Nations paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct".

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: East

text: Europe

text: is

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: consensus

text: on

text: the

text: precise

text: area

text: it

text: covers

text: partly

text: because

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: geopolitical

text: geographical

text: cultural

text: and

text: socioeconomic

text: connotations

text: There

text: are

text: almost

text: as

text: many

text: definitions

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: as

text: there

text: are

text: scholars

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: related

text: United

text: Nations

text: paper

text: adds

text: that

text: every

text: assessment

text: of

text: spatial

text: identities

text: is

text: essentially

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: construct

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: The Berezina or Biarezina is a river in Belarus and a tributary of the Dnieper River.

text: The

text: Berezina

text: or

text: Biarezina

text: is

text: river

text: in

text: Belarus

text: and

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Dnieper

text: River

text: Barysaw (officially transliterated as Barysa,  population 180,100 ) is a city in Belarus situated near the Berezina River in the Minsk Region.

text: Barysaw

text: officially

text: transliterated

text: as

text: Barysa

text: population

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Belarus

text: situated

text: near

text: the

text: Berezina

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Minsk

text: Region

text: Russia, also officially known as the Russian Empire, was a state that existed from 1721 until it was overthrown by the short-lived liberal February Revolution in 1917. One of the largest empires in world history, stretching over three continents, the Russian Empire was surpassed in landmass only by the British and Mongol empires. The rise of the Russian Empire happened in association with the decline of neighboring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, Persia and the Ottoman Empire. It played a major role in 181214 in defeating Napoleon's ambitions to control Europe, and expanded to the west and south.

text: Russia

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: was

text: state

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: overthrown

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: lived

text: liberal

text: February

text: Revolution

text: in

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: empires

text: in

text: world

text: history

text: stretching

text: over

text: three

text: continents

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: was

text: surpassed

text: in

text: landmass

text: only

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: and

text: Mongol

text: empires

text: The

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: happened

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: neighboring

text: rival

text: powers

text: the

text: Swedish

text: Empire

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: Persia

text: and

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: It

text: played

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: in

text: defeating

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: ambitions

text: to

text: control

text: Europe

text: and

text: expanded

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: south

text: A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 48 such countries, including four partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).

text: landlocked

text: state

text: or

text: landlocked

text: country

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: entirely

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: or

text: whose

text: only

text: coastlines

text: lie

text: on

text: closed

text: seas

text: There

text: are

text: currently

text: such

text: countries

text: including

text: four

text: partially

text: recognised

text: states

text: Only

text: two

text: Bolivia

text: and

text: Paraguay

text: in

text: South

text: America

text: lie

text: outside

text: Afro

text: Eurasia

text: the

text: Old

text: World

text: The PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, formally the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after 1791 the Commonwealth of Poland, was a dualistic state, a bi-confederation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch, who was both the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania. It was one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th- and 17th-century Europe. At its peak in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth spanned some and sustained a multi-ethnic population of 11 million. The union was formalized by the Union of Lublin in July 1569, but the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were in a de-facto personal union since 1386 with the marriage of the Polish queen Hedwig and Lithuania's Grand Duke Jogaila, who was crowned King "jure uxoris" Wadysaw II Jagieo of Poland. The First Partition of Poland in 1772 and the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 greatly reduced the nation's size and the Commonwealth disappeared as an independent state following the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.

text: The

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: formally

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: after

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Poland

text: was

text: dualistic

text: state

text: bi

text: confederation

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: ruled

text: by

text: common

text: monarch

text: who

text: was

text: both

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: countries

text: of

text: and

text: century

text: Europe

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: spanned

text: some

text: and

text: sustained

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: union

text: was

text: formalized

text: by

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Lublin

text: in

text: July

text: but

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: were

text: in

text: de

text: facto

text: personal

text: union

text: since

text: with

text: the

text: marriage

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: queen

text: Hedwig

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: 's

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: Jogaila

text: who

text: was

text: crowned

text: King

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: Wadysaw

text: II

text: Jagieo

text: of

text: Poland

text: The

text: First

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Second

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: greatly

text: reduced

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: disappeared

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: following

text: the

text: Third

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

text: Lithuania

text: UK

text: and

text: US

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: it

text: is

text: situated

text: along

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Lithuania

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Vilnius

text: Lithuanians

text: are

text: Baltic

text: people

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: Lithuanian

text: along

text: with

text: Latvian

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: living

text: languages

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire.

text: Belarus

text: lat

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: formerly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Russian

text: name

text: Byelorussia

text: though

text: this

text: name

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: used

text: in

text: Belarus

text: itself

text: even

text: in

text: Russian

text: language

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Minsk

text: Over

text: of

text: its

text: is

text: forested

text: Its

text: strongest

text: economic

text: sectors

text: are

text: service

text: industries

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: different

text: states

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: controlled

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Belarus

text: including

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: to

text: centuries

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: and

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity barysaw raion

answer: minsk region

text: minsk region

text: minsk region

text: minsk region


text: Lycaenidae is the second-largest family of butterflies (behind Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies), with over 6,000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies. They constitute about 30% of the known butterfly species.

text: Lycaenidae

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: family

text: of

text: butterflies

text: behind

text: Nymphalidae

text: brush

text: footed

text: butterflies

text: with

text: over

text: species

text: worldwide

text: whose

text: members

text: are

text: also

text: called

text: gossamer

text: winged

text: butterflies

text: They

text: constitute

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: known

text: butterfly

text: species

text: Polyommatinae, the blues, are a subfamily of gossamer-winged butterflies (Lycaenidae). It was long used to assign taxa of unclear relationships, and its contents are in need of revision. Several genera might not even belong here.

text: Polyommatinae

text: the

text: blues

text: are

text: subfamily

text: of

text: gossamer

text: winged

text: butterflies

text: Lycaenidae

text: It

text: was

text: long

text: used

text: to

text: assign

text: taxa

text: of

text: unclear

text: relationships

text: and

text: its

text: contents

text: are

text: in

text: need

text: of

text: revision

text: Several

text: genera

text: might

text: not

text: even

text: belong

text: here

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: Zizina is a genus of gossamer - winged butterflies in the subfamily Polyommatinae .

text: Zizina

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: gossamer

text: winged

text: butterflies

text: in

text: the

text: subfamily

text: Polyommatinae

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

question: parent_taxon zizina

answer: lycaenidae

text: lycaenidae

text: lycaenidae