text: Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format released in 1982 and co-developed by Philips and Sony. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video Compact Disc (VCD), Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), Photo CD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced Music CD. Audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982, when the first commercially available CD player was released in Japan.

text: Compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: is

text: digital

text: optical

text: disc

text: data

text: storage

text: format

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: co

text: developed

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Sony

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: originally

text: developed

text: to

text: store

text: and

text: play

text: only

text: sound

text: recordings

text: but

text: was

text: later

text: adapted

text: for

text: storage

text: of

text: data

text: CD

text: ROM

text: Several

text: other

text: formats

text: were

text: further

text: derived

text: from

text: these

text: including

text: write

text: once

text: audio

text: and

text: data

text: storage

text: CD

text: rewritable

text: media

text: CD

text: RW

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: VCD

text: Super

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: SVCD

text: Photo

text: CD

text: PictureCD

text: CD

text: and

text: Enhanced

text: Music

text: CD

text: Audio

text: CD

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: commercially

text: available

text: since

text: October

text: when

text: the

text: first

text: commercially

text: available

text: CD

text: player

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: `` U Got It Bad '' is a song by American recording artist Usher , released through Arista as the second single from his third studio album , 8701 ( 2001 ) . It was written by Usher , Jermaine Dupri and Bryan - Michael Cox , and produced by the former and co-produced by the latter . It was released as a CD Single in the US on September 4 , 2001 . `` U Got It Bad '' is an R&B ballad that , according to MTV , incorporates `` digi - coustic '' guitars , a `` slow - burning bass line '' and `` sex funk '' drums . The lyrics notably contain some quick direct allusions to other soul music ballads , mainly Maxwell 's `` Fortunate '' , and Prince 's `` Adore '' . `` U Got It Bad '' topped the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for one week before being replaced for four weeks by Nickelback 's `` How You Remind Me '' . `` U Got It Bad '' then returned to number one , going on to stay atop for five consecutive weeks . With the song and previous single `` U Remind Me '' , Usher was the only solo male act of 2001 to have a number 1 hit on the Hot 100 . The song 's music video features TLC 's Chilli as Usher 's love interest . Due the success of the song , it was featured on the 2001 compilation album Now That 's What I Call Music ! 8

text: Got

text: It

text: Bad

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: American

text: recording

text: artist

text: Usher

text: released

text: through

text: Arista

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: single

text: from

text: his

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: It

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Usher

text: Jermaine

text: Dupri

text: and

text: Bryan

text: Michael

text: Cox

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: former

text: and

text: co

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: latter

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: CD

text: Single

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: on

text: September

text: Got

text: It

text: Bad

text: is

text: an

text: R&B

text: ballad

text: that

text: according

text: to

text: MTV

text: incorporates

text: digi

text: coustic

text: guitars

text: slow

text: burning

text: bass

text: line

text: and

text: sex

text: funk

text: drums

text: The

text: lyrics

text: notably

text: contain

text: some

text: quick

text: direct

text: allusions

text: to

text: other

text: soul

text: music

text: ballads

text: mainly

text: Maxwell

text: 's

text: Fortunate

text: and

text: Prince

text: 's

text: Adore

text: Got

text: It

text: Bad

text: topped

text: the

text: US

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: chart

text: for

text: one

text: week

text: before

text: being

text: replaced

text: for

text: four

text: weeks

text: by

text: Nickelback

text: 's

text: How

text: You

text: Remind

text: Me

text: Got

text: It

text: Bad

text: then

text: returned

text: to

text: number

text: one

text: going

text: on

text: to

text: stay

text: atop

text: for

text: five

text: consecutive

text: weeks

text: With

text: the

text: song

text: and

text: previous

text: single

text: Remind

text: Me

text: Usher

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: solo

text: male

text: act

text: of

text: to

text: have

text: number

text: hit

text: on

text: the

text: Hot

text: The

text: song

text: 's

text: music

text: video

text: features

text: TLC

text: 's

text: Chilli

text: as

text: Usher

text: 's

text: love

text: interest

text: Due

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: song

text: it

text: was

text: featured

text: on

text: the

text: compilation

text: album

text: Now

text: That

text: 's

text: What

text: Call

text: Music

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: Shawntae Harris (born April 14, 1974), better known by her stage name Da Brat, is an American rapper and actress from Joliet, Illinois. Beginning her career in 1991, Harris debut album "Funkdafied" (1994) sold one million copies, making her the first female solo rap act to receive a platinum certification, and the second overall female rap act (solo or group) after Salt N Pepa. She has received two Grammy Award nominations.

text: Shawntae

text: Harris

text: born

text: April

text: better

text: known

text: by

text: her

text: stage

text: name

text: Da

text: Brat

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: rapper

text: and

text: actress

text: from

text: Joliet

text: Illinois

text: Beginning

text: her

text: career

text: in

text: Harris

text: debut

text: album

text: Funkdafied

text: sold

text: one

text: million

text: copies

text: making

text: her

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: solo

text: rap

text: act

text: to

text: receive

text: platinum

text: certification

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: overall

text: female

text: rap

text: act

text: solo

text: or

text: group

text: after

text: Salt

text: Pepa

text: She

text: has

text: received

text: two

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: nominations

text: "Confessions Part II" is a song by R&B singer Usher, produced by Jermaine Dupri and Bryan-Michael Cox for Usher's fourth album "Confessions". Written by Usher, Dupri and Cox, the song is a confession of a man to his woman about his impregnated mistress, a continuation of "Confessions Part I" which relates to a man's infidelity. Its personal content evoked rumors and early responses from the public even before its release, believing that Usher was asserting the truth; however, Dupri divulged that the story behind the album is his and Usher explained that he only took inspiration from his friends' similar experiences.

text: Confessions

text: Part

text: II

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: R&B

text: singer

text: Usher

text: produced

text: by

text: Jermaine

text: Dupri

text: and

text: Bryan

text: Michael

text: Cox

text: for

text: Usher

text: 's

text: fourth

text: album

text: Confessions

text: Written

text: by

text: Usher

text: Dupri

text: and

text: Cox

text: the

text: song

text: is

text: confession

text: of

text: man

text: to

text: his

text: woman

text: about

text: his

text: impregnated

text: mistress

text: continuation

text: of

text: Confessions

text: Part

text: which

text: relates

text: to

text: man

text: 's

text: infidelity

text: Its

text: personal

text: content

text: evoked

text: rumors

text: and

text: early

text: responses

text: from

text: the

text: public

text: even

text: before

text: its

text: release

text: believing

text: that

text: Usher

text: was

text: asserting

text: the

text: truth

text: however

text: Dupri

text: divulged

text: that

text: the

text: story

text: behind

text: the

text: album

text: is

text: his

text: and

text: Usher

text: explained

text: that

text: he

text: only

text: took

text: inspiration

text: from

text: his

text: friends

text: similar

text: experiences

text: Aretha Louise Franklin (born March 25, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Franklin began her career singing gospel at her father, minister C. L. Franklin's church as a child. In 1960, at the age of 18, Franklin embarked on a secular career, recording for Columbia Records but only achieving modest success. Following her signing to Atlantic Records in 1967, Franklin achieved commercial acclaim and success with songs such as "Respect", "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" and "Think". These hits and more helped her to gain the title The Queen of Soul by the end of the 1960s decade.

text: Aretha

text: Louise

text: Franklin

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: musician

text: Franklin

text: began

text: her

text: career

text: singing

text: gospel

text: at

text: her

text: father

text: minister

text: Franklin

text: 's

text: church

text: as

text: child

text: In

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Franklin

text: embarked

text: on

text: secular

text: career

text: recording

text: for

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: but

text: only

text: achieving

text: modest

text: success

text: Following

text: her

text: signing

text: to

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: in

text: Franklin

text: achieved

text: commercial

text: acclaim

text: and

text: success

text: with

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Respect

text: You

text: Make

text: Me

text: Feel

text: Like

text: Natural

text: Woman

text: and

text: Think

text: These

text: hits

text: and

text: more

text: helped

text: her

text: to

text: gain

text: the

text: title

text: The

text: Queen

text: of

text: Soul

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: Jermaine Dupri Mauldin (born September 23, 1972), known as Jermaine Dupri or JD, is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, songwriter and rapper. He was born in Asheville, NC and was raised in Atlanta, Georgia. He has worked with and produced Mariah Carey, Usher, Jay-Z, Nelly, Monica, Da Brat, Xscape, Janet Jackson, TLC, Aretha Franklin, Ludacris, Alicia Keys, Bow Wow, Miss Mulatto, and most recently The Rap Game season 2 winner, Mani.

text: Jermaine

text: Dupri

text: Mauldin

text: born

text: September

text: known

text: as

text: Jermaine

text: Dupri

text: or

text: JD

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: hip

text: hop

text: recording

text: artist

text: record

text: producer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: rapper

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Asheville

text: NC

text: and

text: was

text: raised

text: in

text: Atlanta

text: Georgia

text: He

text: has

text: worked

text: with

text: and

text: produced

text: Mariah

text: Carey

text: Usher

text: Jay

text: Nelly

text: Monica

text: Da

text: Brat

text: Xscape

text: Janet

text: Jackson

text: TLC

text: Aretha

text: Franklin

text: Ludacris

text: Alicia

text: Keys

text: Bow

text: Wow

text: Miss

text: Mulatto

text: and

text: most

text: recently

text: The

text: Rap

text: Game

text: season

text: winner

text: Mani

text: A CD single (sometimes abbreviated to CDS) is a music single in the form of a standard size compact disc. It is not to be confused with the Mini CD single, which uses a smaller form factor and has also been referred to as just a CD Single on some occasions. The format was introduced in the mid-1980s but did not gain its place in the market until the early 1990s. With the rise in digital downloads in the early 2010s, sales of CD singles have decreased.

text: CD

text: single

text: sometimes

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: CDS

text: is

text: music

text: single

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: standard

text: size

text: compact

text: disc

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: the

text: Mini

text: CD

text: single

text: which

text: uses

text: smaller

text: form

text: factor

text: and

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: just

text: CD

text: Single

text: on

text: some

text: occasions

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: gain

text: its

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: market

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: With

text: the

text: rise

text: in

text: digital

text: downloads

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: sales

text: of

text: CD

text: singles

text: have

text: decreased

text: Soul Train is an American musical variety television program which aired in syndication from 1971 until 2006. In its 35-year history, the show primarily featured performances by R&B, soul, dance/pop and hip hop artists, although funk, jazz, disco and gospel artists also appeared. The series was created by Don Cornelius, who also served as its first host and executive producer.

text: Soul

text: Train

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: musical

text: variety

text: television

text: program

text: which

text: aired

text: in

text: syndication

text: from

text: until

text: In

text: its

text: history

text: the

text: show

text: primarily

text: featured

text: performances

text: by

text: R&B

text: soul

text: dance

text: pop

text: and

text: hip

text: hop

text: artists

text: although

text: funk

text: jazz

text: disco

text: and

text: gospel

text: artists

text: also

text: appeared

text: The

text: series

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: Don

text: Cornelius

text: who

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: its

text: first

text: host

text: and

text: executive

text: producer

text: Neo soul is a genre of popular music. The term was coined by music industry entrepreneur Kedar Massenburg during the late 1990s to market and describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B. Heavily based in soul music, neo soul is distinguished by a less conventional sound than its contemporary R&B counterpart, with incorporated elements ranging from jazz, funk, and hip hop to pop, fusion, and African music. It has been noted by music writers for its traditional R&B influences, conscious-driven lyrics, and strong female presence.

text: Neo

text: soul

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: music

text: industry

text: entrepreneur

text: Kedar

text: Massenburg

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: to

text: market

text: and

text: describe

text: style

text: of

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: soul

text: and

text: contemporary

text: R&B.

text: Heavily

text: based

text: in

text: soul

text: music

text: neo

text: soul

text: is

text: distinguished

text: by

text: less

text: conventional

text: sound

text: than

text: its

text: contemporary

text: R&B

text: counterpart

text: with

text: incorporated

text: elements

text: ranging

text: from

text: jazz

text: funk

text: and

text: hip

text: hop

text: to

text: pop

text: fusion

text: and

text: African

text: music

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: by

text: music

text: writers

text: for

text: its

text: traditional

text: R&B

text: influences

text: conscious

text: driven

text: lyrics

text: and

text: strong

text: female

text: presence

text: Satellite television is  according to "article 1.39" of the International Telecommunication Unions (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR)  a "Broadcasting-satellite service".

text: Satellite

text: television

text: is

text: according

text: to

text: article

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Telecommunication

text: Unions

text: ITU

text: ITU

text: Radio

text: Regulations

text: RR

text: Broadcasting

text: satellite

text: service

text: Viacom Media Networks (formerly MTV Networks) is an American mass media division of Viacom that oversees the operations of many of its television channels and Internet brands, including Nickelodeon, BET, CMT, Comedy Central, VH1 and the original MTV channel in the United States. Its sister international division is Viacom International Media Networks.

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text: formerly

text: MTV

text: Networks

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: mass

text: media

text: division

text: of

text: Viacom

text: that

text: oversees

text: the

text: operations

text: of

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: television

text: channels

text: and

text: Internet

text: brands

text: including

text: Nickelodeon

text: BET

text: CMT

text: Comedy

text: Central

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: MTV

text: channel

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Its

text: sister

text: international

text: division

text: is

text: Viacom

text: International

text: Media

text: Networks

text: Bryan-Michael Cox (born December 1, 1977) is an American record producer and songwriter who is notable for his extensive work with multiple platinum-selling artists including Usher, Mariah Carey, Mary J. Blige, and Toni Braxton. Among his most notable productions are "Be Without You" for Mary J. Blige, "Burn", "Confessions Part II" and "U Got It Bad" for Usher, and "Shake It Off", "I Stay In Love" and "You Don't Know What To Do" for Mariah Carey.

text: Bryan

text: Michael

text: Cox

text: born

text: December

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: who

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: his

text: extensive

text: work

text: with

text: multiple

text: platinum

text: selling

text: artists

text: including

text: Usher

text: Mariah

text: Carey

text: Mary

text: Blige

text: and

text: Toni

text: Braxton

text: Among

text: his

text: most

text: notable

text: productions

text: are

text: Be

text: Without

text: You

text: for

text: Mary

text: Blige

text: Burn

text: Confessions

text: Part

text: II

text: and

text: Got

text: It

text: Bad

text: for

text: Usher

text: and

text: Shake

text: It

text: Off

text: Stay

text: In

text: Love

text: and

text: You

text: Do

text: n't

text: Know

text: What

text: To

text: Do

text: for

text: Mariah

text: Carey

text: Mike City (born Michael Flowers in Philadelphia) is an American singer-songwriter and record producer. He is best known for producing the singles "I Wish" for Carl Thomas, "Heard It All Before" for Sunshine Anderson, "Full Moon" for Brandy and "One Woman Man" for Dave Hollister. He became a mentor of Anderson's after a friend discovered her singing a song by Lalah Hathaway in the cafeteria line at North Carolina Central University.

text: Mike

text: City

text: born

text: Michael

text: Flowers

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: producing

text: the

text: singles

text: Wish

text: for

text: Carl

text: Thomas

text: Heard

text: It

text: All

text: Before

text: for

text: Sunshine

text: Anderson

text: Full

text: Moon

text: for

text: Brandy

text: and

text: One

text: Woman

text: Man

text: for

text: Dave

text: Hollister

text: He

text: became

text: mentor

text: of

text: Anderson

text: 's

text: after

text: friend

text: discovered

text: her

text: singing

text: song

text: by

text: Lalah

text: Hathaway

text: in

text: the

text: cafeteria

text: line

text: at

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Central

text: University

text:
Rhythm and blues, often abbreviated as R&B or RnB, is a genre of popular African-American music that originated in the 1940s. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban African Americans, at a time when "urbane, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat" was becoming more popular.
In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, the bands usually consisted of piano, one or two guitars, bass, drums, saxophone, and sometimes background vocalists. R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy. Lyrics focus heavily on the themes of triumphs and failures in terms of relationships, freedom, economics, aspirations, and sex.

text: Rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: R&B

text: or

text: RnB

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: originally

text: used

text: by

text: record

text: companies

text: to

text: describe

text: recordings

text: marketed

text: predominantly

text: to

text: urban

text: African

text: Americans

text: at

text: time

text: when

text: urbane

text: rocking

text: jazz

text: based

text: music

text: with

text: heavy

text: insistent

text: beat

text: was

text: becoming

text: more

text: popular

text: In

text: the

text: commercial

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: music

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: through

text: the

text: the

text: bands

text: usually

text: consisted

text: of

text: piano

text: one

text: or

text: two

text: guitars

text: bass

text: drums

text: saxophone

text: and

text: sometimes

text: background

text: vocalists

text: R&B

text: lyrical

text: themes

text: often

text: encapsulate

text: the

text: African

text: American

text: experience

text: of

text: pain

text: and

text: the

text: quest

text: for

text: freedom

text: and

text: joy

text: Lyrics

text: focus

text: heavily

text: on

text: the

text: themes

text: of

text: triumphs

text: and

text: failures

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: relationships

text: freedom

text: economics

text: aspirations

text: and

text: sex

text: Motown is an American record company. The record company was founded by Berry Gordy, Jr. as Tamla Records on January 12, 1958, and was incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960, in Detroit, Michigan. The name, a portmanteau of "motor" and "town", has also become a nickname for Detroit. Motown played an important role in the racial integration of popular music as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success. In the 1960s, Motown and its subsidiary labels (including Tamla Motown, the brand used outside the US) were the most successful proponents of what came to be known as the Motown Sound, a style of soul music with a distinct pop influence. During the 1960s, Motown achieved spectacular success for a small record company: 79 records in the Top Ten of the "Billboard" Hot 100 record chart between 1960 and 1969.

text: Motown

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: company

text: The

text: record

text: company

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Berry

text: Gordy

text: Jr.

text: as

text: Tamla

text: Records

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: was

text: incorporated

text: as

text: Motown

text: Record

text: Corporation

text: on

text: April

text: in

text: Detroit

text: Michigan

text: The

text: name

text: portmanteau

text: of

text: motor

text: and

text: town

text: has

text: also

text: become

text: nickname

text: for

text: Detroit

text: Motown

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: racial

text: integration

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: as

text: an

text: African

text: American

text: owned

text: record

text: label

text: that

text: achieved

text: significant

text: crossover

text: success

text: In

text: the

text: Motown

text: and

text: its

text: subsidiary

text: labels

text: including

text: Tamla

text: Motown

text: the

text: brand

text: used

text: outside

text: the

text: US

text: were

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: proponents

text: of

text: what

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Motown

text: Sound

text: style

text: of

text: soul

text: music

text: with

text: distinct

text: pop

text: influence

text: During

text: the

text: Motown

text: achieved

text: spectacular

text: success

text: for

text: small

text: record

text: company

text: records

text: in

text: the

text: Top

text: Ten

text: of

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: record

text: chart

text: between

text: and

text: Arista Records, Inc. was a major American record label. It was a wholly owned unit of Sony Music Entertainment and was previously handled by Bertelsmann Music Group. The company operated under the RCA Music Group until 2011. The label was founded in 1974 by Clive Davis, who formerly worked for CBS Records (which would become Sony Music Entertainment). Until its demise in 2011, it was a major distributor and promoter of albums throughout the United States and United Kingdom.

text: Arista

text: Records

text: Inc.

text: was

text: major

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: It

text: was

text: wholly

text: owned

text: unit

text: of

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: and

text: was

text: previously

text: handled

text: by

text: Bertelsmann

text: Music

text: Group

text: The

text: company

text: operated

text: under

text: the

text: RCA

text: Music

text: Group

text: until

text: The

text: label

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Clive

text: Davis

text: who

text: formerly

text: worked

text: for

text: CBS

text: Records

text: which

text: would

text: become

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Until

text: its

text: demise

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: major

text: distributor

text: and

text: promoter

text: of

text: albums

text: throughout

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: "Be Without You" is a song by American recording artist Mary J. Blige. It was written by Johnta Austin, Bryan Michael Cox, Jason Perry and Blige for her seventh studio album, "The Breakthrough". Produced by Cox and Ron Fair, it was released as the album's first official single in late 2005.

text: Be

text: Without

text: You

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: American

text: recording

text: artist

text: Mary

text: Blige

text: It

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Johnta

text: Austin

text: Bryan

text: Michael

text: Cox

text: Jason

text: Perry

text: and

text: Blige

text: for

text: her

text: seventh

text: studio

text: album

text: The

text: Breakthrough

text: Produced

text: by

text: Cox

text: and

text: Ron

text: Fair

text: it

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: first

text: official

text: single

text: in

text: late

text: Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.

text: Rock

text: music

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: as

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: developed

text: into

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: later

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: has

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: itself

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: blues

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: country

text: music

text: Rock

text: music

text: also

text: drew

text: strongly

text: on

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: genres

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: blues

text: and

text: folk

text: and

text: incorporated

text: influences

text: from

text: jazz

text: classical

text: and

text: other

text: musical

text: sources

text: Mary Jane Blige (born January 11, 1971) is an American singer, songwriter, model, record producer and actress. Starting her career as a background singer on Uptown Records in 1989, Blige released her first album, "What's the 411?", in 1992, and has released 12 studio albums since and made over 150 guest appearances on other albums and soundtracks.

text: Mary

text: Jane

text: Blige

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: model

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: actress

text: Starting

text: her

text: career

text: as

text: background

text: singer

text: on

text: Uptown

text: Records

text: in

text: Blige

text: released

text: her

text: first

text: album

text: What

text: 's

text: the

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: released

text: studio

text: albums

text: since

text: and

text: made

text: over

text: guest

text: appearances

text: on

text: other

text: albums

text: and

text: soundtracks

text: A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from the medieval French "chanson balladée" or "ballade", which were originally "danced songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and song of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century. They were widely used across Europe, and later in the Americas, Australia and North Africa. Ballads are 13 lines with an ABABBCBC form, consisting of couplets (two lines) of rhymed verse, each of 14 syllables.

text: ballad

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: verse

text: often

text: narrative

text: set

text: to

text: music

text: Ballads

text: derive

text: from

text: the

text: medieval

text: French

text: chanson

text: balladée

text: or

text: ballade

text: which

text: were

text: originally

text: danced

text: songs

text: Ballads

text: were

text: particularly

text: characteristic

text: of

text: the

text: popular

text: poetry

text: and

text: song

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: from

text: the

text: later

text: medieval

text: period

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: They

text: were

text: widely

text: used

text: across

text: Europe

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: Australia

text: and

text: North

text: Africa

text: Ballads

text: are

text: lines

text: with

text: an

text: ABABBCBC

text: form

text: consisting

text: of

text: couplets

text: two

text: lines

text: of

text: rhymed

text: verse

text: each

text: of

text: syllables

text: Christopher Brian "Chris" Bridges (born September 11, 1977), better known by his stage name Ludacris, is an American hip hop recording artist and actor from Atlanta, Georgia. Alongside his manager, Chaka Zulu, Ludacris is the co-founder of Disturbing tha Peace, an imprint distributed by Def Jam Recordings. Throughout his career, Ludacris has won Screen Actors Guild, Critic's Choice, MTV, and Grammy Awards. Along with fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Boi and André 3000 of OutKast, Ludacris was one of the first and most influential "Dirty South" rappers to achieve mainstream success during the early 2000s.

text: Christopher

text: Brian

text: Chris

text: Bridges

text: born

text: September

text: better

text: known

text: by

text: his

text: stage

text: name

text: Ludacris

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: hip

text: hop

text: recording

text: artist

text: and

text: actor

text: from

text: Atlanta

text: Georgia

text: Alongside

text: his

text: manager

text: Chaka

text: Zulu

text: Ludacris

text: is

text: the

text: co

text: founder

text: of

text: Disturbing

text: tha

text: Peace

text: an

text: imprint

text: distributed

text: by

text: Def

text: Jam

text: Recordings

text: Throughout

text: his

text: career

text: Ludacris

text: has

text: won

text: Screen

text: Actors

text: Guild

text: Critic

text: 's

text: Choice

text: MTV

text: and

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: Along

text: with

text: fellow

text: Atlanta

text: based

text: rappers

text: Big

text: Boi

text: and

text: André

text: of

text: OutKast

text: Ludacris

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: Dirty

text: South

text: rappers

text: to

text: achieve

text: mainstream

text: success

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: Viacom, Inc. (known simply as Viacom) is an American media conglomerate with interests primarily in cinema and cable television. It is currently the world's sixth largest broadcasting and cable company in terms of revenue, behind Comcast, The Walt Disney Company, Time Warner, 21st Century Fox and CBS Corporation, respectively. Voting control of Viacom is held by National Amusements, Inc., a privately owned theater company controlled by the billionaire Sumner Redstone. Redstone also holds via National Amusements a controlling stake in CBS Corporation.

text: Viacom

text: Inc.

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Viacom

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: with

text: interests

text: primarily

text: in

text: cinema

text: and

text: cable

text: television

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: broadcasting

text: and

text: cable

text: company

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: behind

text: Comcast

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: Time

text: Warner

text: Century

text: Fox

text: and

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: respectively

text: Voting

text: control

text: of

text: Viacom

text: is

text: held

text: by

text: National

text: Amusements

text: Inc.

text: privately

text: owned

text: theater

text: company

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: billionaire

text: Sumner

text: Redstone

text: Redstone

text: also

text: holds

text: via

text: National

text: Amusements

text: controlling

text: stake

text: in

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence, which exist in time. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek  ("mousike"; "art of the Muses"). In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."

text: Music

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: and

text: cultural

text: activity

text: whose

text: medium

text: is

text: sound

text: and

text: silence

text: which

text: exist

text: in

text: time

text: The

text: common

text: elements

text: of

text: music

text: are

text: pitch

text: which

text: governs

text: melody

text: and

text: harmony

text: rhythm

text: and

text: its

text: associated

text: concepts

text: tempo

text: meter

text: and

text: articulation

text: dynamics

text: loudness

text: and

text: softness

text: and

text: the

text: sonic

text: qualities

text: of

text: timbre

text: and

text: texture

text: which

text: are

text: sometimes

text: termed

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: musical

text: sound

text: Different

text: styles

text: or

text: types

text: of

text: music

text: may

text: emphasize

text: de

text: emphasize

text: or

text: omit

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: elements

text: Music

text: is

text: performed

text: with

text: vast

text: range

text: of

text: instruments

text: and

text: vocal

text: techniques

text: ranging

text: from

text: singing

text: to

text: rapping

text: there

text: are

text: solely

text: instrumental

text: pieces

text: solely

text: vocal

text: pieces

text: such

text: as

text: songs

text: without

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: and

text: pieces

text: that

text: combine

text: singing

text: and

text: instruments

text: The

text: word

text: derives

text: from

text: Greek

text: mousike

text: art

text: of

text: the

text: Muses

text: In

text: its

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: the

text: activities

text: describing

text: music

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: music

text: songs

text: tunes

text: symphonies

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: music

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: examination

text: of

text: music

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: and

text: Indian

text: philosophers

text: defined

text: music

text: as

text: tones

text: ordered

text: horizontally

text: as

text: melodies

text: and

text: vertically

text: as

text: harmonies

text: Common

text: sayings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: harmony

text: of

text: the

text: spheres

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: music

text: to

text: my

text: ears

text: point

text: to

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: music

text: is

text: often

text: ordered

text: and

text: pleasant

text: to

text: listen

text: to

text: However

text: century

text: composer

text: John

text: Cage

text: thought

text: that

text: any

text: sound

text: can

text: be

text: music

text: saying

text: for

text: example

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: noise

text: only

text: sound

text: Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singersongwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist. Rising to fame in the early 1990s, Braxton quickly established herself as an R&B icon and became one of the best-selling female artists of the 1990s decade, and being recognized as one of the most outstanding voices of this generation.

text: Toni

text: Michelle

text: Braxton

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singersongwriter

text: pianist

text: record

text: producer

text: actress

text: television

text: personality

text: and

text: philanthropist

text: Rising

text: to

text: fame

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Braxton

text: quickly

text: established

text: herself

text: as

text: an

text: R&B

text: icon

text: and

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: female

text: artists

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: and

text: being

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: outstanding

text: voices

text: of

text: this

text: generation

text: MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as "video jockeys" (VJs). In its early years, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily towards teenagers, high school students and college students. MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods. It has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTV's influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years.

text: MTV

text: originally

text: an

text: initialism

text: of

text: Music

text: Television

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: cable

text: and

text: satellite

text: television

text: channel

text: owned

text: by

text: Viacom

text: Media

text: Networks

text: division

text: of

text: Viacom

text: and

text: headquartered

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Launched

text: on

text: August

text: the

text: channel

text: originally

text: aired

text: music

text: videos

text: as

text: guided

text: by

text: television

text: personalities

text: known

text: as

text: video

text: jockeys

text: VJs

text: In

text: its

text: early

text: years

text: MTV

text: 's

text: main

text: target

text: demographic

text: was

text: young

text: adults

text: but

text: today

text: it

text: is

text: primarily

text: towards

text: teenagers

text: high

text: school

text: students

text: and

text: college

text: students

text: MTV

text: has

text: toned

text: down

text: its

text: music

text: video

text: programming

text: significantly

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: and

text: its

text: programming

text: now

text: consists

text: mainly

text: of

text: original

text: reality

text: comedy

text: and

text: drama

text: programming

text: and

text: some

text: off

text: network

text: syndicated

text: programs

text: and

text: films

text: with

text: limited

text: music

text: video

text: programming

text: in

text: off

text: peak

text: time

text: periods

text: It

text: has

text: received

text: criticism

text: towards

text: this

text: change

text: of

text: focus

text: both

text: by

text: certain

text: segments

text: of

text: its

text: audience

text: and

text: musicians

text: MTV

text: 's

text: influence

text: on

text: its

text: audience

text: including

text: issues

text: involving

text: censorship

text: and

text: social

text: activism

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: subject

text: of

text: debate

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: "Fortunate" is a neo soul song from the 1999 motion picture "Life" and was released on the film's soundtrack. The song was written, composed, produced and arranged by R. Kelly and recorded by Maxwell. "Fortunate" was awarded Best R&B Single of the Year at the Billboard Music Awards and Best R&B/Soul Single (Male) at Soul Train Awards. Maxwell was nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Male Vocalist and also nominated for a Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Song of the Year.

text: Fortunate

text: is

text: neo

text: soul

text: song

text: from

text: the

text: motion

text: picture

text: Life

text: and

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: the

text: film

text: 's

text: soundtrack

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: written

text: composed

text: produced

text: and

text: arranged

text: by

text: Kelly

text: and

text: recorded

text: by

text: Maxwell

text: Fortunate

text: was

text: awarded

text: Best

text: R&B

text: Single

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: at

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Music

text: Awards

text: and

text: Best

text: R&B

text: Soul

text: Single

text: Male

text: at

text: Soul

text: Train

text: Awards

text: Maxwell

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: Grammy

text: for

text: Best

text: R&B

text: Male

text: Vocalist

text: and

text: also

text: nominated

text: for

text: Blockbuster

text: Entertainment

text: Award

text: for

text: Favorite

text: Song

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. Often, a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks, coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists ("artists and repertoire" or "A&R"); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer's name, along with other information.

text: record

text: label

text: or

text: record

text: company

text: is

text: brand

text: or

text: trademark

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: marketing

text: of

text: music

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: Often

text: record

text: label

text: is

text: also

text: publishing

text: company

text: that

text: manages

text: such

text: brands

text: and

text: trademarks

text: coordinates

text: the

text: production

text: manufacture

text: distribution

text: marketing

text: promotion

text: and

text: enforcement

text: of

text: copyright

text: for

text: sound

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: conducts

text: talent

text: scouting

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: new

text: artists

text: artists

text: and

text: repertoire

text: or

text: A&R

text: and

text: maintains

text: contracts

text: with

text: recording

text: artists

text: and

text: their

text: managers

text: The

text: term

text: record

text: label

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: circular

text: label

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: vinyl

text: record

text: which

text: prominently

text: displays

text: the

text: manufacturer

text: 's

text: name

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: information

text: 8701 is the third studio album by American singer Usher; it was first released on August 7, 2001, by Arista Records. Recording was handled by several producers including The Neptunes, Jermaine Dupri, Babyface, Kevin "She'kspere" Briggs, Mike City, Bryan Michael Cox, Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis. It was intended for an October 31, 2000 release under the title "All About U", the album was delayed numerous times, following the leak of several tracks onto the online music store Napster. Usher subsequently recorded new tracks and released the album under the new title, "8701", which is derived from Usher singing for the first time in his local church in 1987 and the album's release date of 2001.

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: American

text: singer

text: Usher

text: it

text: was

text: first

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: by

text: Arista

text: Records

text: Recording

text: was

text: handled

text: by

text: several

text: producers

text: including

text: The

text: Neptunes

text: Jermaine

text: Dupri

text: Babyface

text: Kevin

text: She'kspere

text: Briggs

text: Mike

text: City

text: Bryan

text: Michael

text: Cox

text: Jimmy

text: Jam

text: Terry

text: Lewis

text: It

text: was

text: intended

text: for

text: an

text: October

text: release

text: under

text: the

text: title

text: All

text: About

text: the

text: album

text: was

text: delayed

text: numerous

text: times

text: following

text: the

text: leak

text: of

text: several

text: tracks

text: onto

text: the

text: online

text: music

text: store

text: Napster

text: Usher

text: subsequently

text: recorded

text: new

text: tracks

text: and

text: released

text: the

text: album

text: under

text: the

text: new

text: title

text: which

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: Usher

text: singing

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: his

text: local

text: church

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: release

text: date

text: of

text: Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. In 1990, she rose to fame with the release of "Vision of Love" from her eponymous debut album. The album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbias highest selling act. Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 19951996 with "One Sweet Day", which remains the longest-running number-one song in US chart history. Following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of "Butterfly" (1997). In 1998, she was honored as the world's best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards and subsequently named the best-selling female artist of the millennium in 2000.

text: Mariah

text: Carey

text: born

text: March

text: or

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: actress

text: In

text: she

text: rose

text: to

text: fame

text: with

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: Vision

text: of

text: Love

text: from

text: her

text: eponymous

text: debut

text: album

text: The

text: album

text: produced

text: four

text: chart

text: topping

text: singles

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: and

text: began

text: what

text: would

text: become

text: string

text: of

text: commercially

text: successful

text: albums

text: which

text: solidified

text: the

text: singer

text: as

text: Columbias

text: highest

text: selling

text: act

text: Carey

text: and

text: Boyz

text: II

text: Men

text: spent

text: record

text: sixteen

text: weeks

text: atop

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: in

text: with

text: One

text: Sweet

text: Day

text: which

text: remains

text: the

text: longest

text: running

text: number

text: one

text: song

text: in

text: US

text: chart

text: history

text: Following

text: contentious

text: divorce

text: from

text: Sony

text: Music

text: head

text: Tommy

text: Mottola

text: Carey

text: adopted

text: new

text: image

text: and

text: traversed

text: towards

text: hip

text: hop

text: with

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: Butterfly

text: In

text: she

text: was

text: honored

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: best

text: selling

text: recording

text: artist

text: of

text: the

text: at

text: the

text: World

text: Music

text: Awards

text: and

text: subsequently

text: named

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: female

text: artist

text: of

text: the

text: millennium

text: in

text: Soul music (often referred to simply as soul) is a popular music genre that originated in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s. It combines elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues and jazz. Soul music became popular for dancing and listening in the United States; where record labels such as Motown, Atlantic and Stax were influential in the civil rights era. Soul also became popular around the world, directly influencing rock music and the music of Africa.

text: Soul

text: music

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: soul

text: is

text: popular

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: It

text: combines

text: elements

text: of

text: African

text: American

text: gospel

text: music

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: jazz

text: Soul

text: music

text: became

text: popular

text: for

text: dancing

text: and

text: listening

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: where

text: record

text: labels

text: such

text: as

text: Motown

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: Stax

text: were

text: influential

text: in

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: era

text: Soul

text: also

text: became

text: popular

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: directly

text: influencing

text: rock

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: music

text: of

text: Africa

text: Alicia Augello Cook (born January 25, 1981), known by her stage name Alicia Keys, is an American singer, songwriter, pianist and actress. Keys released her debut album with J Records, having had previous record deals first with Columbia and then Arista Records. Keys' debut album, "Songs in A Minor" was released in 2001, producing her first "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one single "Fallin'", and selling over 12 million copies worldwide. The album earned Keys five Grammy Awards in 2002. Her sophomore album, "The Diary of Alicia Keys", was released in 2003, spawning successful singles "You Don't Know My Name", "If I Ain't Got You" and "Diary", and selling eight million copies worldwide. The duet song "My Boo" with Usher, scored her a second number-one single in 2004. The album garnered her an additional four Grammy Awards in 2005. Later that year, she released her first live album, "Unplugged", becoming the first woman to have an "MTV Unplugged" album debut at number one.

text: Alicia

text: Augello

text: Cook

text: born

text: January

text: known

text: by

text: her

text: stage

text: name

text: Alicia

text: Keys

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: pianist

text: and

text: actress

text: Keys

text: released

text: her

text: debut

text: album

text: with

text: Records

text: having

text: had

text: previous

text: record

text: deals

text: first

text: with

text: Columbia

text: and

text: then

text: Arista

text: Records

text: Keys

text: debut

text: album

text: Songs

text: in

text: Minor

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: producing

text: her

text: first

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: number

text: one

text: single

text: Fallin

text: and

text: selling

text: over

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: The

text: album

text: earned

text: Keys

text: five

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: in

text: Her

text: sophomore

text: album

text: The

text: Diary

text: of

text: Alicia

text: Keys

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: spawning

text: successful

text: singles

text: You

text: Do

text: n't

text: Know

text: My

text: Name

text: If

text: Ai

text: n't

text: Got

text: You

text: and

text: Diary

text: and

text: selling

text: eight

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: The

text: duet

text: song

text: My

text: Boo

text: with

text: Usher

text: scored

text: her

text: second

text: number

text: one

text: single

text: in

text: The

text: album

text: garnered

text: her

text: an

text: additional

text: four

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: in

text: Later

text: that

text: year

text: she

text: released

text: her

text: first

text: live

text: album

text: Unplugged

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: woman

text: to

text: have

text: an

text: MTV

text: Unplugged

text: album

text: debut

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: Cornell Iral Haynes, Jr. (born November 2, 1974), known professionally as Nelly, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, entrepreneur, investor, and occasional actor from St. Louis, Missouri. Nelly embarked on his music career with Midwest hip hop group St. Lunatics, in 1993 and signed to Universal Records in 1999. Under Universal, Nelly began his solo career in the year 2000, with his debut album "Country Grammar", of which the title-track was a top ten hit. The album debuted at number three on the "Billboard" 200 and went on to peak at number one. "Country Grammar" is Nelly's best-selling album to date, selling over 8.4 million copies in the United States. His following album "Nellyville", produced the number-one hits "Hot in Herre" and "Dilemma" (featuring Kelly Rowland). Other singles included "Work It" (featuring Justin Timberlake), "Air Force Ones" (featuring Murphy Lee and St. Lunatics), "Pimp Juice" and "#1".

text: Cornell

text: Iral

text: Haynes

text: Jr.

text: born

text: November

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Nelly

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: rapper

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: entrepreneur

text: investor

text: and

text: occasional

text: actor

text: from

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: Nelly

text: embarked

text: on

text: his

text: music

text: career

text: with

text: Midwest

text: hip

text: hop

text: group

text: St.

text: Lunatics

text: in

text: and

text: signed

text: to

text: Universal

text: Records

text: in

text: Under

text: Universal

text: Nelly

text: began

text: his

text: solo

text: career

text: in

text: the

text: year

text: with

text: his

text: debut

text: album

text: Country

text: Grammar

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: title

text: track

text: was

text: top

text: ten

text: hit

text: The

text: album

text: debuted

text: at

text: number

text: three

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: peak

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: Country

text: Grammar

text: is

text: Nelly

text: 's

text: best

text: selling

text: album

text: to

text: date

text: selling

text: over

text: million

text: copies

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: His

text: following

text: album

text: Nellyville

text: produced

text: the

text: number

text: one

text: hits

text: Hot

text: in

text: Herre

text: and

text: Dilemma

text: featuring

text: Kelly

text: Rowland

text: Other

text: singles

text: included

text: Work

text: It

text: featuring

text: Justin

text: Timberlake

text: Air

text: Force

text: Ones

text: featuring

text: Murphy

text: Lee

text: and

text: St.

text: Lunatics

text: Pimp

text: Juice

text: and

text: The Neptunes are an American production duo, composed of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo, who are credited with contributing the sound for many successful hip hop and R&B artists in the late-1990s and 2000s. The Neptunes' sound is a distinctive brand of off-kilter, stripped-down electronic funk with sounds from Middle Eastern and Asian music including percussion and woodwind. Pharrell sings and (later) raps on records and appears in videos, unlike his production partner Chad, who tends to stay behind the scenes.

text: The

text: Neptunes

text: are

text: an

text: American

text: production

text: duo

text: composed

text: of

text: Pharrell

text: Williams

text: and

text: Chad

text: Hugo

text: who

text: are

text: credited

text: with

text: contributing

text: the

text: sound

text: for

text: many

text: successful

text: hip

text: hop

text: and

text: R&B

text: artists

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: The

text: Neptunes

text: sound

text: is

text: distinctive

text: brand

text: of

text: off

text: kilter

text: stripped

text: down

text: electronic

text: funk

text: with

text: sounds

text: from

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: and

text: Asian

text: music

text: including

text: percussion

text: and

text: woodwind

text: Pharrell

text: sings

text: and

text: later

text: raps

text: on

text: records

text: and

text: appears

text: in

text: videos

text: unlike

text: his

text: production

text: partner

text: Chad

text: who

text: tends

text: to

text: stay

text: behind

text: the

text: scenes

text: Robert Sylvester Kelly (born January 8, 1967), known professionally as R. Kelly, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and former professional basketball player. A native of Chicago, Illinois, Kelly began performing during the late 1980s and debuted in 1992 with the group Public Announcement. In 1993, Kelly went solo with the album "12 Play". He is known for a collection of major hit singles including "Bump N' Grind", "Your Body's Callin'", "I Believe I Can Fly", "Gotham City", "Ignition (Remix)", "If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time", "The World's Greatest", "I'm a Flirt (Remix)", and the hip-hopera "Trapped in the Closet". In 1998, Kelly won three Grammy Awards for "I Believe I Can Fly". His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous hip hop and contemporary R&B artists. Kelly became the first musician to play professional basketball, when he was signed in 1997.

text: Robert

text: Sylvester

text: Kelly

text: born

text: January

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Kelly

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: former

text: professional

text: basketball

text: player

text: native

text: of

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: Kelly

text: began

text: performing

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: debuted

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: group

text: Public

text: Announcement

text: In

text: Kelly

text: went

text: solo

text: with

text: the

text: album

text: Play

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: collection

text: of

text: major

text: hit

text: singles

text: including

text: Bump

text: Grind

text: Your

text: Body

text: 's

text: Callin

text: Believe

text: Can

text: Fly

text: Gotham

text: City

text: Ignition

text: Remix

text: If

text: Could

text: Turn

text: Back

text: the

text: Hands

text: of

text: Time

text: The

text: World

text: 's

text: Greatest

text: 'm

text: Flirt

text: Remix

text: and

text: the

text: hip

text: hopera

text: Trapped

text: in

text: the

text: Closet

text: In

text: Kelly

text: won

text: three

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: for

text: Believe

text: Can

text: Fly

text: His

text: distinctive

text: sound

text: and

text: style

text: has

text: influenced

text: numerous

text: hip

text: hop

text: and

text: contemporary

text: R&B

text: artists

text: Kelly

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: musician

text: to

text: play

text: professional

text: basketball

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: signed

text: in

annotations: likely single

question: record_label u got it bad

answer: arista records

text: arista records

text: arista records

text: arista records


text: A Christian (or ) is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. "Christian" derives from the Koine Greek word "Christós" (), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term "mashiach".

text: Christian

text: or

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: follows

text: or

text: adheres

text: to

text: Christianity

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Christian

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Koine

text: Greek

text: word

text: Christós

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Biblical

text: Hebrew

text: term

text: mashiach

text: Religion is a cultural system of behaviors and practices, world views, sacred texts, holy places, ethics, and societal organisation that relate humanity to what an anthropologist has called "an order of existence". Different religions may or may not contain various elements, ranging from the "divine", "sacred things", "faith", a "supernatural being or supernatural beings" or "some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life."

text: Religion

text: is

text: cultural

text: system

text: of

text: behaviors

text: and

text: practices

text: world

text: views

text: sacred

text: texts

text: holy

text: places

text: ethics

text: and

text: societal

text: organisation

text: that

text: relate

text: humanity

text: to

text: what

text: an

text: anthropologist

text: has

text: called

text: an

text: order

text: of

text: existence

text: Different

text: religions

text: may

text: or

text: may

text: not

text: contain

text: various

text: elements

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: divine

text: sacred

text: things

text: faith

text: supernatural

text: being

text: or

text: supernatural

text: beings

text: or

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: ultimacy

text: and

text: transcendence

text: that

text: will

text: provide

text: norms

text: and

text: power

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: life

text: Anthony Haden Salerno (born November 18, 1969) is an American voice actor, ADR director and scriptwriter who has worked with 4Kids Entertainment, Central Park Media and TAJ Productions. He often works as actor or staff crew on anime dubs.

text: Anthony

text: Haden

text: Salerno

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: voice

text: actor

text: ADR

text: director

text: and

text: scriptwriter

text: who

text: has

text: worked

text: with

text: Entertainment

text: Central

text: Park

text: Media

text: and

text: TAJ

text: Productions

text: He

text: often

text: works

text: as

text: actor

text: or

text: staff

text: crew

text: on

text: anime

text: dubs

text: Agapeland, or ""Land Called Love"," is a fictional place created for a series of children's Christian musical albums by Candle, Birdwing Kid's Korus, Barry McGuire, Tony Salerno, Jim and Dee Patton, and Agape Force in the 1970s and 1980s. Many of these have been recently re-released on CD including the multi Dove Award winning "Music Machine" & "Bullfrogs and Butterflies" series.

text: Agapeland

text: or

text: Land

text: Called

text: Love

text: is

text: fictional

text: place

text: created

text: for

text: series

text: of

text: children

text: 's

text: Christian

text: musical

text: albums

text: by

text: Candle

text: Birdwing

text: Kid

text: 's

text: Korus

text: Barry

text: McGuire

text: Tony

text: Salerno

text: Jim

text: and

text: Dee

text: Patton

text: and

text: Agape

text: Force

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: have

text: been

text: recently

text: re

text: released

text: on

text: CD

text: including

text: the

text: multi

text: Dove

text: Award

text: winning

text: Music

text: Machine

text: Bullfrogs

text: and

text: Butterflies

text: series

text: Biblical Hebrew ("Ivrit Miqra'it" or "Leshon ha-Miqra"), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of Hebrew, a Canaanite Semitic language spoken by the Israelites in the area known as Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea. The term "Hebrew" was not used for the language in the Bible, which was referred to as Canaanite or Judahite, but the name was used in Greek and Mishnaic Hebrew texts. Biblical Hebrew is attested from about the 10th century BCE, and persisted through and beyond the Second Temple period, which ended in the siege of Jerusalem (AD 70).

text: Biblical

text: Hebrew

text: Ivrit

text: Miqra'it

text: or

text: Leshon

text: ha

text: Miqra

text: also

text: called

text: Classical

text: Hebrew

text: is

text: an

text: archaic

text: form

text: of

text: Hebrew

text: Canaanite

text: Semitic

text: language

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: Israelites

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: known

text: as

text: Israel

text: roughly

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: The

text: term

text: Hebrew

text: was

text: not

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: which

text: was

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Canaanite

text: or

text: Judahite

text: but

text: the

text: name

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: Greek

text: and

text: Mishnaic

text: Hebrew

text: texts

text: Biblical

text: Hebrew

text: is

text: attested

text: from

text: about

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: and

text: persisted

text: through

text: and

text: beyond

text: the

text: Second

text: Temple

text: period

text: which

text: ended

text: in

text: the

text: siege

text: of

text: Jerusalem

text: AD

text: Bullfrogs and Butterflies is a series of Agapeland related Christian albums by the musical group Candle. The series was an offshoot of the album titled "Agapeland". The series has won two Dove Awards for "Children's Music Album of the Year," and it has been nominated for two Grammy Awards for "Best Recording for Children."

text: Bullfrogs

text: and

text: Butterflies

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: Agapeland

text: related

text: Christian

text: albums

text: by

text: the

text: musical

text: group

text: Candle

text: The

text: series

text: was

text: an

text: offshoot

text: of

text: the

text: album

text: titled

text: Agapeland

text: The

text: series

text: has

text: won

text: two

text: Dove

text: Awards

text: for

text: Children

text: 's

text: Music

text: Album

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: and

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: nominated

text: for

text: two

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: for

text: Best

text: Recording

text: for

text: Children

text: Love is a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection ("I love my mother") to pleasure ("I loved that meal"). It can refer to an emotion of a strong attraction and personal attachment. It can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another". It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals.

text: Love

text: is

text: variety

text: of

text: different

text: feelings

text: states

text: and

text: attitudes

text: that

text: ranges

text: from

text: interpersonal

text: affection

text: love

text: my

text: mother

text: to

text: pleasure

text: loved

text: that

text: meal

text: It

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: an

text: emotion

text: of

text: strong

text: attraction

text: and

text: personal

text: attachment

text: It

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: virtue

text: representing

text: human

text: kindness

text: compassion

text: and

text: affection"the

text: unselfish

text: loyal

text: and

text: benevolent

text: concern

text: for

text: the

text: good

text: of

text: another

text: It

text: may

text: also

text: describe

text: compassionate

text: and

text: affectionate

text: actions

text: towards

text: other

text: humans

text: one

text: 's

text: self

text: or

text: animals

text: Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, who serves as the focal point for the religion. It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.

text: Christianity

text: is

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: who

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: focal

text: point

text: for

text: the

text: religion

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: religion

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Christians

text: Christians

text: believe

text: that

text: Jesus

text: is

text: the

text: Son

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: the

text: savior

text: of

text: humanity

text: whose

text: coming

text: as

text: the

text: Messiah

text: the

text: Christ

text: was

text: prophesied

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: Barry McGuire (born October 15, 1935) is an American singer-songwriter best known for the hit song "Eve of Destruction", and later as a pioneering singer and songwriter of contemporary Christian music.

text: Barry

text: McGuire

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: hit

text: song

text: Eve

text: of

text: Destruction

text: and

text: later

text: as

text: pioneering

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: of

text: contemporary

text: Christian

text: music

text: Music Machine III ( AKA The Music Machine : Majesty Of God ) is a Christian children 's album . It is not set in Agapeland this time , but it features the characters Stevie and Nancy receiving a miniature music machine from the Conductor in the mail . It is part of a series of spin - offs of Music Machine albums , books , and Music Machine movies .

text: Music

text: Machine

text: III

text: AKA

text: The

text: Music

text: Machine

text: Majesty

text: Of

text: God

text: is

text: Christian

text: children

text: 's

text: album

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: set

text: in

text: Agapeland

text: this

text: time

text: but

text: it

text: features

text: the

text: characters

text: Stevie

text: and

text: Nancy

text: receiving

text: miniature

text: music

text: machine

text: from

text: the

text: Conductor

text: in

text: the

text: mail

text: It

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: series

text: of

text: spin

text: offs

text: of

text: Music

text: Machine

text: albums

text: books

text: and

text: Music

text: Machine

text: movies

annotations: follows multiple

question: performer music machine iii

answer: candle

text: candle

text: candle


text: The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period Mya. It is the last period of the Mesozoic Era. The Cretaceous Period is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation "Kreide" (chalk).

text: The

text: Cretaceous

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: that

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Paleogene

text: Period

text: Mya

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: The

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: is

text: usually

text: abbreviated

text: for

text: its

text: German

text: translation

text: Kreide

text: chalk

text:
Desmoceratidae is a family belonging to the ammonite subclass. They are an extinct group of ammonoids, shelled cephalopods related to squid, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids, that lived between the Lower Cretaceous (Upper Valanginian) and Upper
Cretaceous (Upper Maastrichtian).

text: Desmoceratidae

text: is

text: family

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: ammonite

text: subclass

text: They

text: are

text: an

text: extinct

text: group

text: of

text: ammonoids

text: shelled

text: cephalopods

text: related

text: to

text: squid

text: belemnites

text: octopuses

text: and

text: cuttlefish

text: and

text: more

text: distantly

text: to

text: the

text: nautiloids

text: that

text: lived

text: between

text: the

text: Lower

text: Cretaceous

text: Upper

text: Valanginian

text: and

text: Upper

text: Cretaceous

text: Upper

text: Maastrichtian

text: Uhligella is an extinct cephalopod genus from the Early Cretaceous belonging to the ammonoid subclass and included in the Desmoceratidae.

text: Uhligella

text: is

text: an

text: extinct

text: cephalopod

text: genus

text: from

text: the

text: Early

text: Cretaceous

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: ammonoid

text: subclass

text: and

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: Desmoceratidae

text: A stratigraphic column is a representation used in geology and its subfield of stratigraphy to describe the vertical location of rock units in a particular area.

text: stratigraphic

text: column

text: is

text: representation

text: used

text: in

text: geology

text: and

text: its

text: subfield

text: of

text: stratigraphy

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: vertical

text: location

text: of

text: rock

text: units

text: in

text: particular

text: area

text: The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 129.4 ± 1.5 Ma (million years ago) and 125.0 ± 1.0 Ma). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous epoch (or Lower Cretaceous series). It is preceded by the Hauterivian and followed by the Aptian stage.

text: The

text: Barremian

text: is

text: an

text: age

text: in

text: the

text: geologic

text: timescale

text: or

text: chronostratigraphic

text: stage

text: between

text: Ma

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: and

text: Ma

text: It

text: is

text: subdivision

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: Cretaceous

text: epoch

text: or

text: Lower

text: Cretaceous

text: series

text: It

text: is

text: preceded

text: by

text: the

text: Hauterivian

text: and

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: Aptian

text: stage

text: The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous epoch or series and encompasses the time from 125.0 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

text: The

text: Aptian

text: is

text: an

text: age

text: in

text: the

text: geologic

text: timescale

text: or

text: stage

text: in

text: the

text: stratigraphic

text: column

text: It

text: is

text: subdivision

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: or

text: Lower

text: Cretaceous

text: epoch

text: or

text: series

text: and

text: encompasses

text: the

text: time

text: from

text: Ma

text: to

text: Ma

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: approximately

text: The

text: Aptian

text: succeeds

text: the

text: Barremian

text: and

text: precedes

text: the

text: Albian

text: all

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Lower

text: Early

text: Cretaceous

text: Zurcherella is a Lower Cretaceous ( Upper Barremian - Upper Aptian desmoceratid ammonite . Its shell is moderately compressed and rather involute ( outer whorls covering most of the inner ) , with fine sinuous ribs that arise some distance above the umbilical rim . Zurcherella differs from its descendant Uhligella in that in the latter , ribs arise from the umbilical shoulder . Zurcherella is the earliest of the desmoceratid subfamily Beudanticeratinae , which includes among others , Uhligella , Beutanticeras , and Beutantiella .

text: Zurcherella

text: is

text: Lower

text: Cretaceous

text: Upper

text: Barremian

text: Upper

text: Aptian

text: desmoceratid

text: ammonite

text: Its

text: shell

text: is

text: moderately

text: compressed

text: and

text: rather

text: involute

text: outer

text: whorls

text: covering

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: inner

text: with

text: fine

text: sinuous

text: ribs

text: that

text: arise

text: some

text: distance

text: above

text: the

text: umbilical

text: rim

text: Zurcherella

text: differs

text: from

text: its

text: descendant

text: Uhligella

text: in

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: latter

text: ribs

text: arise

text: from

text: the

text: umbilical

text: shoulder

text: Zurcherella

text: is

text: the

text: earliest

text: of

text: the

text: desmoceratid

text: subfamily

text: Beudanticeratinae

text: which

text: includes

text: among

text: others

text: Uhligella

text: Beutanticeras

text: and

text: Beutantiella

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows single

question: parent_taxon zurcherella

answer: desmoceratidae

text: desmoceratidae

text: desmoceratidae