text: "Lady Marmalade" is a song written by Bob Crewe and Kenny Nolan. The song is famous for its sexually suggestive chorus of "Voulez-vous coucher avec moi (ce soir)?", which translates into English as "Do you want to sleep with me (tonight)?" The song was originally recorded in 1974 by the group Eleventh Hour. It first became a popular hit when covered by the American girl group Labelle. Labelle held the number-one spot on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart for one week, and also topped the Canadian "RPM" national singles chart.

text: Lady

text: Marmalade

text: is

text: song

text: written

text: by

text: Bob

text: Crewe

text: and

text: Kenny

text: Nolan

text: The

text: song

text: is

text: famous

text: for

text: its

text: sexually

text: suggestive

text: chorus

text: of

text: Voulez

text: vous

text: coucher

text: avec

text: moi

text: ce

text: soir

text: which

text: translates

text: into

text: English

text: as

text: Do

text: you

text: want

text: to

text: sleep

text: with

text: me

text: tonight

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: originally

text: recorded

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: group

text: Eleventh

text: Hour

text: It

text: first

text: became

text: popular

text: hit

text: when

text: covered

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: girl

text: group

text: Labelle

text: Labelle

text: held

text: the

text: number

text: one

text: spot

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: chart

text: for

text: one

text: week

text: and

text: also

text: topped

text: the

text: Canadian

text: RPM

text: national

text: singles

text: chart

text: Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers from the gay, African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with both men and women, from many different backgrounds.

text: Disco

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: dance

text: music

text: containing

text: elements

text: of

text: funk

text: soul

text: pop

text: and

text: salsa

text: It

text: achieved

text: popularity

text: during

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: Its

text: initial

text: audiences

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: were

text: club

text: goers

text: from

text: the

text: gay

text: African

text: American

text: Italian

text: American

text: Latino

text: and

text: psychedelic

text: communities

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: Disco

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: reaction

text: against

text: both

text: the

text: domination

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: stigmatization

text: of

text: dance

text: music

text: by

text: the

text: counterculture

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: It

text: was

text: popular

text: with

text: both

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: from

text: many

text: different

text: backgrounds

text: `` Love , Need and Want You '' is a song recorded by Patti LaBelle , released in 1984 as the second single from her album , I 'm in Love Again . The song is a mid-tempo R&B number written for LaBelle by accomplished musician Bunny Sigler and Kenny Gamble . Following the success of her breakthrough R&B hit , `` If Only You Knew '' , the song peaked at no. 10 on the R&B chart . Like `` If Only You Knew '' , the song features LaBelle singing the song at her mid-range whereas in previous songs prior to 1983 , LaBelle mostly sung in a straightforward soprano voice .

text: Love

text: Need

text: and

text: Want

text: You

text: is

text: song

text: recorded

text: by

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: released

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: single

text: from

text: her

text: album

text: in

text: Love

text: Again

text: The

text: song

text: is

text: mid

text: tempo

text: R&B

text: number

text: written

text: for

text: LaBelle

text: by

text: accomplished

text: musician

text: Bunny

text: Sigler

text: and

text: Kenny

text: Gamble

text: Following

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: her

text: breakthrough

text: R&B

text: hit

text: If

text: Only

text: You

text: Knew

text: the

text: song

text: peaked

text: at

text: no

text: on

text: the

text: R&B

text: chart

text: Like

text: If

text: Only

text: You

text: Knew

text: the

text: song

text: features

text: LaBelle

text: singing

text: the

text: song

text: at

text: her

text: mid

text: range

text: whereas

text: in

text: previous

text: songs

text: prior

text: to

text: LaBelle

text: mostly

text: sung

text: in

text: straightforward

text: soprano

text: voice

text: "If Only You Knew" was a single written and produced primarily by Dexter Wansel and Cynthia Biggs for American singer Patti LaBelle's sixth solo album, "I'm in Love Again". It was released as the album's official first single in 1983, spending four weeks at number one on the U.S. R&B charts during January and February 1984, and reached number forty-six on the "Billboard" Hot 100, marking her first crossover pop hit.

text: If

text: Only

text: You

text: Knew

text: was

text: single

text: written

text: and

text: produced

text: primarily

text: by

text: Dexter

text: Wansel

text: and

text: Cynthia

text: Biggs

text: for

text: American

text: singer

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: 's

text: sixth

text: solo

text: album

text: 'm

text: in

text: Love

text: Again

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: official

text: first

text: single

text: in

text: spending

text: four

text: weeks

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: U.S.

text: R&B

text: charts

text: during

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: and

text: reached

text: number

text: forty

text: six

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: marking

text: her

text: first

text: crossover

text: pop

text: hit

text: Labelle was an American all-female singing group who were a popular vocal group of the 1960s and 1970s. The group was formed after the disbanding of two rival girl groups in the Philadelphia/Trenton areas, the Ordettes and the Del-Capris, forming as a new version of the former group, later changing their name to The Blue Belles (later Bluebelles). The founding members were Patti LaBelle (formerly Patricia Holt), Cindy Birdsong, Nona Hendryx and Sarah Dash.

text: Labelle

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: all

text: female

text: singing

text: group

text: who

text: were

text: popular

text: vocal

text: group

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: The

text: group

text: was

text: formed

text: after

text: the

text: disbanding

text: of

text: two

text: rival

text: girl

text: groups

text: in

text: the

text: Philadelphia

text: Trenton

text: areas

text: the

text: Ordettes

text: and

text: the

text: Del

text: Capris

text: forming

text: as

text: new

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: group

text: later

text: changing

text: their

text: name

text: to

text: The

text: Blue

text: Belles

text: later

text: Bluebelles

text: The

text: founding

text: members

text: were

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: formerly

text: Patricia

text: Holt

text: Cindy

text: Birdsong

text: Nona

text: Hendryx

text: and

text: Sarah

text: Dash

text: In statistics, the mid-range or mid-extreme of a set of statistical data values is the arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum values in a data set, defined as:

text: In

text: statistics

text: the

text: mid

text: range

text: or

text: mid

text: extreme

text: of

text: set

text: of

text: statistical

text: data

text: values

text: is

text: the

text: arithmetic

text: mean

text: of

text: the

text: maximum

text: and

text: minimum

text: values

text: in

text: data

text: set

text: defined

text: as

text: Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a statistical model process to be studied. Populations can be diverse topics such as "all people living in a country" or "every atom composing a crystal". Statistics deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.

text: Statistics

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: collection

text: analysis

text: interpretation

text: presentation

text: and

text: organization

text: of

text: data

text: In

text: applying

text: statistics

text: to

text: e.g.

text: scientific

text: industrial

text: or

text: social

text: problem

text: it

text: is

text: conventional

text: to

text: begin

text: with

text: statistical

text: population

text: or

text: statistical

text: model

text: process

text: to

text: be

text: studied

text: Populations

text: can

text: be

text: diverse

text: topics

text: such

text: as

text: all

text: people

text: living

text: in

text: country

text: or

text: every

text: atom

text: composing

text: crystal

text: Statistics

text: deals

text: with

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: data

text: including

text: the

text: planning

text: of

text: data

text: collection

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: design

text: of

text: surveys

text: and

text: experiments

text: "You Are My Friend" is a ballad co-written and recorded by American singer Patti LaBelle, released as the second single off her self-titled debut album, in 1978 on the Epic label. While it only reached as high as number sixty-one on the Billboard Hot-Selling Soul Singles chart upon its initial release, it has gone on to become one of the singer's signature anthems.

text: You

text: Are

text: My

text: Friend

text: is

text: ballad

text: co

text: written

text: and

text: recorded

text: by

text: American

text: singer

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: released

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: single

text: off

text: her

text: self

text: titled

text: debut

text: album

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: Epic

text: label

text: While

text: it

text: only

text: reached

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: number

text: sixty

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: Selling

text: Soul

text: Singles

text: chart

text: upon

text: its

text: initial

text: release

text: it

text: has

text: gone

text: on

text: to

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: singer

text: 's

text: signature

text: anthems

text: Walter "Bunny" Sigler (born March 27, 1941 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a pop and R&B songwriter and record producer who has done extensive work with the team of Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff, and who was instrumental in creating the "Philly Sound" in the early 1970s. He is nicknamed "Mr. Emotion."

text: Walter

text: Bunny

text: Sigler

text: born

text: March

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

text: is

text: pop

text: and

text: R&B

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: who

text: has

text: done

text: extensive

text: work

text: with

text: the

text: team

text: of

text: Kenny

text: Gamble

text: and

text: Leon

text: Huff

text: and

text: who

text: was

text: instrumental

text: in

text: creating

text: the

text: Philly

text: Sound

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: He

text: is

text: nicknamed

text: Mr.

text: Emotion

text: In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection. The collection is often a set of results of an experiment, or a set of results from a survey. The term "arithmetic mean" is preferred in some contexts in mathematics and statistics because it helps distinguish it from other means, such as the geometric mean and the harmonic mean.

text: In

text: mathematics

text: and

text: statistics

text: the

text: arithmetic

text: mean

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: mean

text: or

text: average

text: when

text: the

text: context

text: is

text: clear

text: is

text: the

text: sum

text: of

text: collection

text: of

text: numbers

text: divided

text: by

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: numbers

text: in

text: the

text: collection

text: The

text: collection

text: is

text: often

text: set

text: of

text: results

text: of

text: an

text: experiment

text: or

text: set

text: of

text: results

text: from

text: survey

text: The

text: term

text: arithmetic

text: mean

text: is

text: preferred

text: in

text: some

text: contexts

text: in

text: mathematics

text: and

text: statistics

text: because

text: it

text: helps

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: other

text: means

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: geometric

text: mean

text: and

text: the

text: harmonic

text: mean

text: Patricia Louise Holt-Edwards (born May 24, 1944) better known under the stage name Patti LaBelle, is an American singer, author, actress, and entrepreneur. LaBelle began her career in the early 1960s as lead singer and front woman of the vocal group, Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles. Following the group's name change to Labelle in the early 1970s, she released the iconic disco song "Lady Marmalade" and the group later became the first African-American vocal group to land the cover of "Rolling Stone" magazine. After the group split in 1976, LaBelle began a successful solo career, starting with her critically acclaimed debut album, which included the career-defining song, "You Are My Friend". LaBelle became a mainstream solo star in 1984 following the success of the singles, "If Only You Knew", "New Attitude" and "Stir It Up", with the latter two crossing over to pop audiences becoming radio staples.

text: Patricia

text: Louise

text: Holt

text: Edwards

text: born

text: May

text: better

text: known

text: under

text: the

text: stage

text: name

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: author

text: actress

text: and

text: entrepreneur

text: LaBelle

text: began

text: her

text: career

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: as

text: lead

text: singer

text: and

text: front

text: woman

text: of

text: the

text: vocal

text: group

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: and

text: the

text: Bluebelles

text: Following

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: name

text: change

text: to

text: Labelle

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: she

text: released

text: the

text: iconic

text: disco

text: song

text: Lady

text: Marmalade

text: and

text: the

text: group

text: later

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: African

text: American

text: vocal

text: group

text: to

text: land

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: magazine

text: After

text: the

text: group

text: split

text: in

text: LaBelle

text: began

text: successful

text: solo

text: career

text: starting

text: with

text: her

text: critically

text: acclaimed

text: debut

text: album

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: career

text: defining

text: song

text: You

text: Are

text: My

text: Friend

text: LaBelle

text: became

text: mainstream

text: solo

text: star

text: in

text: following

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: singles

text: If

text: Only

text: You

text: Knew

text: New

text: Attitude

text: and

text: Stir

text: It

text: Up

text: with

text: the

text: latter

text: two

text: crossing

text: over

text: to

text: pop

text: audiences

text: becoming

text: radio

text: staples

text: Dexter Gilman Wansel (born August 22, 1950) is an American keyboardist, raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He contributed to the development of the Philly Sound and worked with producers Gamble and Huff at Philadelphia International Records.

text: Dexter

text: Gilman

text: Wansel

text: born

text: August

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: keyboardist

text: raised

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

text: He

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: Philly

text: Sound

text: and

text: worked

text: with

text: producers

text: Gamble

text: and

text: Huff

text: at

text: Philadelphia

text: International

text: Records

text: A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process. The roles of a producer vary. He or she may gather musical ideas for the project, collaborate with the artists to select cover tunes or original songs by the artist/group, work with artists and help them to improve their songs, lyrics or arrangements.

text: record

text: producer

text: or

text: music

text: producer

text: oversees

text: and

text: manages

text: the

text: sound

text: recording

text: and

text: production

text: of

text: band

text: or

text: performer

text: 's

text: music

text: which

text: may

text: range

text: from

text: recording

text: one

text: song

text: to

text: recording

text: lengthy

text: concept

text: album

text: producer

text: has

text: many

text: roles

text: during

text: the

text: recording

text: process

text: The

text: roles

text: of

text: producer

text: vary

text: He

text: or

text: she

text: may

text: gather

text: musical

text: ideas

text: for

text: the

text: project

text: collaborate

text: with

text: the

text: artists

text: to

text: select

text: cover

text: tunes

text: or

text: original

text: songs

text: by

text: the

text: artist

text: group

text: work

text: with

text: artists

text: and

text: help

text: them

text: to

text: improve

text: their

text: songs

text: lyrics

text: or

text: arrangements

text: I'm In Love Again is the sixth solo album released by American recording artist Patti LaBelle in 1983. LaBelle's commercial breakthrough, it featured her first top ten R&B hits, "Love, Need and Want You" and "If Only You Knew", the latter topping the R&B chart in early 1984. It was later certified gold for selling half a million copies and paved the way for her pop breakthrough in late 1984 with the dance hit "New Attitude".

text: 'm

text: In

text: Love

text: Again

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: solo

text: album

text: released

text: by

text: American

text: recording

text: artist

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: in

text: LaBelle

text: 's

text: commercial

text: breakthrough

text: it

text: featured

text: her

text: first

text: top

text: ten

text: R&B

text: hits

text: Love

text: Need

text: and

text: Want

text: You

text: and

text: If

text: Only

text: You

text: Knew

text: the

text: latter

text: topping

text: the

text: R&B

text: chart

text: in

text: early

text: It

text: was

text: later

text: certified

text: gold

text: for

text: selling

text: half

text: million

text: copies

text: and

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: her

text: pop

text: breakthrough

text: in

text: late

text: with

text: the

text: dance

text: hit

text: New

text: Attitude

text: A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the latter term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the music industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies. Pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers  songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own music publishers, while others have outside publishers.

text: songwriter

text: is

text: an

text: individual

text: who

text: writes

text: the

text: lyrics

text: melodies

text: and

text: chord

text: progressions

text: for

text: songs

text: typically

text: for

text: popular

text: music

text: genre

text: such

text: as

text: rock

text: or

text: country

text: music

text: songwriter

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: called

text: composer

text: although

text: the

text: latter

text: term

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: mainly

text: for

text: individuals

text: from

text: the

text: classical

text: music

text: genre

text: The

text: pressure

text: from

text: the

text: music

text: industry

text: to

text: produce

text: popular

text: hits

text: means

text: that

text: songwriting

text: is

text: often

text: an

text: activity

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: tasks

text: are

text: distributed

text: between

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: For

text: example

text: songwriter

text: who

text: excels

text: at

text: writing

text: lyrics

text: might

text: be

text: paired

text: with

text: songwriter

text: with

text: gift

text: for

text: creating

text: original

text: melodies

text: Pop

text: songs

text: may

text: be

text: written

text: by

text: group

text: members

text: from

text: the

text: band

text: or

text: by

text: staff

text: writers

text: songwriters

text: directly

text: employed

text: by

text: music

text: publishers

text: Some

text: songwriters

text: serve

text: as

text: their

text: own

text: music

text: publishers

text: while

text: others

text: have

text: outside

text: publishers

question: record_label love

answer: philadelphia international records

text: philadelphia international records


text: Seminar II : The Holy Rites of Primitivism Regressionism is the second full - length album by Old Man Gloom .

text: Seminar

text: II

text: The

text: Holy

text: Rites

text: of

text: Primitivism

text: Regressionism

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: full

text: length

text: album

text: by

text: Old

text: Man

text: Gloom

text: Doom metal is an extreme style of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics intend to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal with songs such as "Black Sabbath", "Children of the Grave", "Electric Funeral" and "Into the Void". During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands from England (Pagan Altar, Witchfinder General), the United States (Pentagram, Saint Vitus, Trouble) and Sweden (Candlemass, Count Raven) defined doom metal as a distinct genre.

text: Doom

text: metal

text: is

text: an

text: extreme

text: style

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: music

text: that

text: typically

text: uses

text: slower

text: tempos

text: low

text: tuned

text: guitars

text: and

text: much

text: thicker

text: or

text: heavier

text: sound

text: than

text: other

text: metal

text: genres

text: Both

text: the

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: lyrics

text: intend

text: to

text: evoke

text: sense

text: of

text: despair

text: dread

text: and

text: impending

text: doom

text: The

text: genre

text: is

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: work

text: of

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: who

text: formed

text: prototype

text: for

text: doom

text: metal

text: with

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: Children

text: of

text: the

text: Grave

text: Electric

text: Funeral

text: and

text: Into

text: the

text: Void

text: During

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: bands

text: from

text: England

text: Pagan

text: Altar

text: Witchfinder

text: General

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Pentagram

text: Saint

text: Vitus

text: Trouble

text: and

text: Sweden

text: Candlemass

text: Count

text: Raven

text: defined

text: doom

text: metal

text: as

text: distinct

text: genre

text: Old Man Gloom is a sludge/doom metal/post-metal band originally formed in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States, but now based in Massachusetts. The group, formed by Aaron Turner of Isis and Santos Montano, has now expanded to become a sort of supergroup in the Boston hardcore and metalcore scene. The group is less a band than it is a recording project for a variety of talent. By the release of their first album ("Meditations in B"), Old Man Gloom expanded to include two new members.

text: Old

text: Man

text: Gloom

text: is

text: sludge

text: doom

text: metal

text: post

text: metal

text: band

text: originally

text: formed

text: in

text: Santa

text: Fe

text: New

text: Mexico

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: now

text: based

text: in

text: Massachusetts

text: The

text: group

text: formed

text: by

text: Aaron

text: Turner

text: of

text: Isis

text: and

text: Santos

text: Montano

text: has

text: now

text: expanded

text: to

text: become

text: sort

text: of

text: supergroup

text: in

text: the

text: Boston

text: hardcore

text: and

text: metalcore

text: scene

text: The

text: group

text: is

text: less

text: band

text: than

text: it

text: is

text: recording

text: project

text: for

text: variety

text: of

text: talent

text: By

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: their

text: first

text: album

text: Meditations

text: in

text: Old

text: Man

text: Gloom

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: two

text: new

text: members

text: Meditations in B is the debut full-length album by Old Man Gloom. Remastered version of the album was released on April 7, 2015 through Hydra Head Records.

text: Meditations

text: in

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: full

text: length

text: album

text: by

text: Old

text: Man

text: Gloom

text: Remastered

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: April

text: through

text: Hydra

text: Head

text: Records

text: A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. A set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book, or e-book.

text: book

text: is

text: set

text: of

text: written

text: printed

text: illustrated

text: or

text: blank

text: sheets

text: made

text: of

text: paper

text: parchment

text: or

text: other

text: materials

text: fastened

text: together

text: to

text: hinge

text: at

text: one

text: side

text: with

text: text

text: and/or

text: images

text: printed

text: in

text: ink

text: single

text: sheet

text: within

text: book

text: is

text: leaf

text: and

text: each

text: side

text: of

text: leaf

text: is

text: page

text: set

text: of

text: text

text: filled

text: or

text: illustrated

text: pages

text: produced

text: in

text: electronic

text: format

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: electronic

text: book

text: or

text: book

text: Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl.

text: Albums

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: were

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: first

text: as

text: books

text: of

text: individual

text: records

text: then

text: from

text: as

text: vinyl

text: LP

text: records

text: played

text: at

text: rpm

text: Vinyl

text: LPs

text: are

text: still

text: issued

text: though

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: album

text: sales

text: have

text: mostly

text: focused

text: on

text: compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: and

text: formats

text: The

text: audio

text: cassette

text: was

text: format

text: used

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: alongside

text: vinyl

text: Aaron Turner (born November 5, 1977) is an American musician, singer, graphic artist, and founder of label Hydra Head Records. He is most widely known for his role as guitarist and vocalist for the post-metal band Isis, while also participating in several other bands and projects such as Old Man Gloom, Lotus Eaters and Split Cranium, a collaboration with Jussi Lehtisalo of Finnish band Circle who toured with Isis in 2009.

text: Aaron

text: Turner

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: musician

text: singer

text: graphic

text: artist

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: label

text: Hydra

text: Head

text: Records

text: He

text: is

text: most

text: widely

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: guitarist

text: and

text: vocalist

text: for

text: the

text: post

text: metal

text: band

text: Isis

text: while

text: also

text: participating

text: in

text: several

text: other

text: bands

text: and

text: projects

text: such

text: as

text: Old

text: Man

text: Gloom

text: Lotus

text: Eaters

text: and

text: Split

text: Cranium

text: collaboration

text: with

text: Jussi

text: Lehtisalo

text: of

text: Finnish

text: band

text: Circle

text: who

text: toured

text: with

text: Isis

text: in

text: Massachusetts ; officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north, and New York to the west. The state is named for the Massachusett tribe, which once inhabited the area. The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston. Over 80% of Massachusetts' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, a region influential upon American history, academia, and industry. Originally dependent on agriculture, fishing and trade, Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, Massachusetts' economy shifted from manufacturing to services. Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology, engineering, higher education, finance, and maritime trade.

text: Massachusetts

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: England

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: northeastern

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Connecticut

text: and

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: and

text: Vermont

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: named

text: for

text: the

text: Massachusett

text: tribe

text: which

text: once

text: inhabited

text: the

text: area

text: The

text: capital

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: New

text: England

text: is

text: Boston

text: Over

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: population

text: lives

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: region

text: influential

text: upon

text: American

text: history

text: academia

text: and

text: industry

text: Originally

text: dependent

text: on

text: agriculture

text: fishing

text: and

text: trade

text: Massachusetts

text: was

text: transformed

text: into

text: manufacturing

text: center

text: during

text: the

text: Industrial

text: Revolution

text: During

text: the

text: century

text: Massachusetts

text: economy

text: shifted

text: from

text: manufacturing

text: to

text: services

text: Modern

text: Massachusetts

text: is

text: global

text: leader

text: in

text: biotechnology

text: engineering

text: higher

text: education

text: finance

text: and

text: maritime

text: trade

text: Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format released in 1982 and co-developed by Philips and Sony. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video Compact Disc (VCD), Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), Photo CD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced Music CD. Audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982, when the first commercially available CD player was released in Japan.

text: Compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: is

text: digital

text: optical

text: disc

text: data

text: storage

text: format

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: co

text: developed

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Sony

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: originally

text: developed

text: to

text: store

text: and

text: play

text: only

text: sound

text: recordings

text: but

text: was

text: later

text: adapted

text: for

text: storage

text: of

text: data

text: CD

text: ROM

text: Several

text: other

text: formats

text: were

text: further

text: derived

text: from

text: these

text: including

text: write

text: once

text: audio

text: and

text: data

text: storage

text: CD

text: rewritable

text: media

text: CD

text: RW

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: VCD

text: Super

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: SVCD

text: Photo

text: CD

text: PictureCD

text: CD

text: and

text: Enhanced

text: Music

text: CD

text: Audio

text: CD

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: commercially

text: available

text: since

text: October

text: when

text: the

text: first

text: commercially

text: available

text: CD

text: player

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: The LP (from "long playing" or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, a vinyl record format characterized by a speed of rpm, a 12 or 10 inch (30 or 25 cm) diameter, and use of the "microgroove" groove specification. Introduced by Columbia in 1948, it was soon adopted as a new standard by the entire record industry. Apart from a few relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound, it has remained the standard format for vinyl albums.

text: The

text: LP

text: from

text: long

text: playing

text: or

text: long

text: play

text: is

text: an

text: analog

text: sound

text: storage

text: medium

text: vinyl

text: record

text: format

text: characterized

text: by

text: speed

text: of

text: rpm

text: or

text: inch

text: or

text: cm

text: diameter

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: microgroove

text: groove

text: specification

text: Introduced

text: by

text: Columbia

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: soon

text: adopted

text: as

text: new

text: standard

text: by

text: the

text: entire

text: record

text: industry

text: Apart

text: from

text: few

text: relatively

text: minor

text: refinements

text: and

text: the

text: important

text: later

text: addition

text: of

text: stereophonic

text: sound

text: it

text: has

text: remained

text: the

text: standard

text: format

text: for

text: vinyl

text: albums

text: Post-metal (or metalgaze) is a stylistic fusion of heavy metal with post-rock and/or shoegazing. Hydra Head Records owner and Isis frontman Aaron Turner originally termed the genre "thinking man's metal", demonstrating that his band was trying to move away from common metal conventions. Due to the experimental nature of post-rock and shoegazing, post-metal is closely related to avant-garde metal.

text: Post

text: metal

text: or

text: metalgaze

text: is

text: stylistic

text: fusion

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: with

text: post

text: rock

text: and/or

text: shoegazing

text: Hydra

text: Head

text: Records

text: owner

text: and

text: Isis

text: frontman

text: Aaron

text: Turner

text: originally

text: termed

text: the

text: genre

text: thinking

text: man

text: 's

text: metal

text: demonstrating

text: that

text: his

text: band

text: was

text: trying

text: to

text: move

text: away

text: from

text: common

text: metal

text: conventions

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: experimental

text: nature

text: of

text: post

text: rock

text: and

text: shoegazing

text: post

text: metal

text: is

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: avant

text: garde

text: metal

text: MPEG-1 and/or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players and computing devices.

text: and/or

text: Audio

text: Layer

text: III

text: more

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: is

text: an

text: audio

text: coding

text: format

text: for

text: digital

text: audio

text: which

text: uses

text: form

text: of

text: lossy

text: data

text: compression

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: audio

text: format

text: for

text: consumer

text: audio

text: streaming

text: or

text: storage

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: de

text: facto

text: standard

text: of

text: digital

text: audio

text: compression

text: for

text: the

text: transfer

text: and

text: playback

text: of

text: music

text: on

text: most

text: digital

text: audio

text: players

text: and

text: computing

text: devices

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows multiple

question: record_label seminar ii: the holy rites of primitivism regressionism

answer: hydra head records

text: hydra head records

text: hydra head records

text: hydra head records


text: The Morongo Basin is an endorheic basin and valley region located in eastern San Bernardino County, in Southern California.

text: The

text: Morongo

text: Basin

text: is

text: an

text: endorheic

text: basin

text: and

text: valley

text: region

text: located

text: in

text: eastern

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: County

text: in

text: Southern

text: California

text: California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western (Pacific Ocean) coast of the U.S., California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The state also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County.

text: California

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: California

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: other

text: U.S.

text: states

text: of

text: Oregon

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Arizona

text: and

text: shares

text: an

text: international

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: Mexican

text: state

text: of

text: Baja

text: California

text: The

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sacramento

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: is

text: California

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: county

text: by

text: area

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: County

text: An endorheic basin (also endoreic basin or endorreic basin) (from the , "éndon", "within" and , "rheîn", "to flow") is a closed drainage basin that retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water, such as rivers or oceans, but converges instead into lakes or swamps, permanent or seasonal, that equilibrate through evaporation. Such a basin may also be referred to as a closed or terminal basin or as an internal drainage system.

text: An

text: endorheic

text: basin

text: also

text: endoreic

text: basin

text: or

text: endorreic

text: basin

text: from

text: the

text: éndon

text: within

text: and

text: rheîn

text: to

text: flow

text: is

text: closed

text: drainage

text: basin

text: that

text: retains

text: water

text: and

text: allows

text: no

text: outflow

text: to

text: other

text: external

text: bodies

text: of

text: water

text: such

text: as

text: rivers

text: or

text: oceans

text: but

text: converges

text: instead

text: into

text: lakes

text: or

text: swamps

text: permanent

text: or

text: seasonal

text: that

text: equilibrate

text: through

text: evaporation

text: Such

text: basin

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: closed

text: or

text: terminal

text: basin

text: or

text: as

text: an

text: internal

text: drainage

text: system

text: Pioneertown , California , is an unincorporated community in the Morongo Basin region of southern California 's Inland Empire Metropolitan Area , on Pioneertown Road at Route 62 in the town of Yucca Valley . The winding , 4 - mile ( 6.4 km ) drive northwest to Pioneertown has been designated a California Scenic Drive .

text: Pioneertown

text: California

text: is

text: an

text: unincorporated

text: community

text: in

text: the

text: Morongo

text: Basin

text: region

text: of

text: southern

text: California

text: 's

text: Inland

text: Empire

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: on

text: Pioneertown

text: Road

text: at

text: Route

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Yucca

text: Valley

text: The

text: winding

text: mile

text: km

text: drive

text: northwest

text: to

text: Pioneertown

text: has

text: been

text: designated

text: California

text: Scenic

text: Drive

annotations: likely single

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity pioneertown

answer: san bernardino county

text: san bernardino county

text: san bernardino county


text: Patrick Bruce "Pat" Metheny (; born August 12, 1954) is an American jazz guitarist and composer.

text: Patrick

text: Bruce

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: born

text: August

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: jazz

text: guitarist

text: and

text: composer

text: A drummer is a musician who plays drums, which includes a drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set", including cymbals) and accessory-based hardware which includes an assortment of pedals and standing support mechanisms, marching percussion or any musical instrument that is struck within the context of a wide assortment of musical genres. The term percussionist applies to a musician who performs struck musical instruments of numerous diverse shapes, sizes and applications. Most contemporary western ensembles bands for rock, pop, jazz, R&B etc. include a drummer for purposes including timekeeping and embellishing the musical timbre. Most drummers of this particular designation work within the context of a larger contingent (a.k.a. rhythm section) that may also include, keyboard (a percussion instrument) or guitar, auxiliary percussion (often of non western origin) and bass (bass viol or electric). Said ensembles may also include melodic based mallet percussion including: vibraphone, marimba or xylophone. The rhythm section, being the core metronomic foundation with which other melodic instruments, including voices, may present the harmonic/melodic portion of the material.

text: drummer

text: is

text: musician

text: who

text: plays

text: drums

text: which

text: includes

text: drum

text: kit

text: drum

text: set

text: or

text: trap

text: set

text: including

text: cymbals

text: and

text: accessory

text: based

text: hardware

text: which

text: includes

text: an

text: assortment

text: of

text: pedals

text: and

text: standing

text: support

text: mechanisms

text: marching

text: percussion

text: or

text: any

text: musical

text: instrument

text: that

text: is

text: struck

text: within

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: wide

text: assortment

text: of

text: musical

text: genres

text: The

text: term

text: percussionist

text: applies

text: to

text: musician

text: who

text: performs

text: struck

text: musical

text: instruments

text: of

text: numerous

text: diverse

text: shapes

text: sizes

text: and

text: applications

text: Most

text: contemporary

text: western

text: ensembles

text: bands

text: for

text: rock

text: pop

text: jazz

text: R&B

text: etc

text: include

text: drummer

text: for

text: purposes

text: including

text: timekeeping

text: and

text: embellishing

text: the

text: musical

text: timbre

text: Most

text: drummers

text: of

text: this

text: particular

text: designation

text: work

text: within

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: larger

text: contingent

text: a.k.a

text: rhythm

text: section

text: that

text: may

text: also

text: include

text: keyboard

text: percussion

text: instrument

text: or

text: guitar

text: auxiliary

text: percussion

text: often

text: of

text: non

text: western

text: origin

text: and

text: bass

text: bass

text: viol

text: or

text: electric

text: Said

text: ensembles

text: may

text: also

text: include

text: melodic

text: based

text: mallet

text: percussion

text: including

text: vibraphone

text: marimba

text: or

text: xylophone

text: The

text: rhythm

text: section

text: being

text: the

text: core

text: metronomic

text: foundation

text: with

text: which

text: other

text: melodic

text: instruments

text: including

text: voices

text: may

text: present

text: the

text: harmonic

text: melodic

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: material

text: Paul Wertico (born January 5, 1953 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American drummer. He gained recognition as a member of the Pat Metheny Group from 1983 until 2001, leaving the group to spend more time with his family and to pursue other musical interests.

text: Paul

text: Wertico

text: born

text: January

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: drummer

text: He

text: gained

text: recognition

text: as

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: Group

text: from

text: until

text: leaving

text: the

text: group

text: to

text: spend

text: more

text: time

text: with

text: his

text: family

text: and

text: to

text: pursue

text: other

text: musical

text: interests

text: Jazz fusion (also known as jazz-rock) is a musical genre that developed in the late 1960s when musicians combined aspects of jazz harmony and improvisation with styles such as funk, rock, rhythm and blues, and Latin jazz. During this time many jazz musicians began experimenting with electric instruments and amplified sound for the first time, as well as electronic effects and synthesizers. Many of the developments during the late 1960s and early 1970s have since become established elements of jazz fusion musical practice.

text: Jazz

text: fusion

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: jazz

text: rock

text: is

text: musical

text: genre

text: that

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: when

text: musicians

text: combined

text: aspects

text: of

text: jazz

text: harmony

text: and

text: improvisation

text: with

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: funk

text: rock

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: Latin

text: jazz

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: many

text: jazz

text: musicians

text: began

text: experimenting

text: with

text: electric

text: instruments

text: and

text: amplified

text: sound

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: electronic

text: effects

text: and

text: synthesizers

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: developments

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: have

text: since

text: become

text: established

text: elements

text: of

text: jazz

text: fusion

text: musical

text: practice

text: A bandleader is the leader of a music group such as a rock or pop group or jazz quartet. The term is most commonly, though not exclusively, used with a group that plays popular music as a small combo or a big band, such as one which plays jazz, blues, rhythm and blues or rock and roll music. Most bandleaders are also performers with their own band, either as singers or as instrumentalists, playing an instrument such as electric guitar, piano, or other instruments.

text: bandleader

text: is

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: music

text: group

text: such

text: as

text: rock

text: or

text: pop

text: group

text: or

text: jazz

text: quartet

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: though

text: not

text: exclusively

text: used

text: with

text: group

text: that

text: plays

text: popular

text: music

text: as

text: small

text: combo

text: or

text: big

text: band

text: such

text: as

text: one

text: which

text: plays

text: jazz

text: blues

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: or

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: music

text: Most

text: bandleaders

text: are

text: also

text: performers

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: band

text: either

text: as

text: singers

text: or

text: as

text: instrumentalists

text: playing

text: an

text: instrument

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: guitar

text: piano

text: or

text: other

text: instruments

text: Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art forms".

text: Jazz

text: is

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: amongst

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: New

text: Orleans

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Since

text: the

text: jazz

text: age

text: jazz

text: has

text: become

text: recognized

text: as

text: major

text: form

text: of

text: musical

text: expression

text: It

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: independent

text: traditional

text: and

text: popular

text: musical

text: styles

text: all

text: linked

text: by

text: the

text: common

text: bonds

text: of

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: musical

text: parentage

text: with

text: performance

text: orientation

text: Jazz

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: swing

text: and

text: blue

text: notes

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: vocals

text: polyrhythms

text: and

text: improvisation

text: Jazz

text: has

text: roots

text: in

text: West

text: African

text: cultural

text: and

text: musical

text: expression

text: and

text: in

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: traditions

text: including

text: blues

text: and

text: ragtime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: European

text: military

text: band

text: music

text: Although

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: jazz

text: is

text: deeply

text: rooted

text: within

text: the

text: Black

text: experience

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: different

text: cultures

text: have

text: contributed

text: their

text: own

text: experience

text: and

text: styles

text: to

text: the

text: art

text: form

text: as

text: well

text: Intellectuals

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: hailed

text: jazz

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: original

text: art

text: forms

text: Lyle Mays (born November 27, 1953) is an American jazz pianist and composer from Wausaukee, Wisconsin. He is best known as a member of the Pat Metheny Group. Metheny and Mays composed and arranged almost all of the group's music, and with the group Mays has won eleven Grammy Awards.

text: Lyle

text: Mays

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: jazz

text: pianist

text: and

text: composer

text: from

text: Wausaukee

text: Wisconsin

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: Group

text: Metheny

text: and

text: Mays

text: composed

text: and

text: arranged

text: almost

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: music

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: group

text: Mays

text: has

text: won

text: eleven

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: Pat Metheny Group is a jazz fusion group founded in 1977. The core members of the group are guitarist, composer and bandleader Pat Metheny; and keyboardist and composer Lyle Mays, who was part of the group's inception in 1977. Other long-standing members include bassist and producer Steve Rodby, who joined in 1981, and Paul Wertico, who was the group's drummer for 18 years from 1983 to 2001.

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: Group

text: is

text: jazz

text: fusion

text: group

text: founded

text: in

text: The

text: core

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: are

text: guitarist

text: composer

text: and

text: bandleader

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: and

text: keyboardist

text: and

text: composer

text: Lyle

text: Mays

text: who

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: inception

text: in

text: Other

text: long

text: standing

text: members

text: include

text: bassist

text: and

text: producer

text: Steve

text: Rodby

text: who

text: joined

text: in

text: and

text: Paul

text: Wertico

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: drummer

text: for

text: years

text: from

text: to

text: Mark Ledford ( born 1960 -- November 1 , 2004 ) was an American trumpet player , vocalist and guitarist . Ledford was most famous for his multi-instrumentalism , and from his membership in the Pat Metheny Group .

text: Mark

text: Ledford

text: born

text: November

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: trumpet

text: player

text: vocalist

text: and

text: guitarist

text: Ledford

text: was

text: most

text: famous

text: for

text: his

text: multi

text: instrumentalism

text: and

text: from

text: his

text: membership

text: in

text: the

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: Group

text: A bassist, or bass player, is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass, bass guitar, keyboard bass or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or sousaphone. Different musical genres tend to be associated with one or more of these instruments. Since the 1960s, the electric bass has been the standard bass instrument for funk, R&B, soul music, rock and roll, reggae, jazz fusion, heavy metal, country and pop music. The double bass is the standard bass instrument for classical music, bluegrass, rockabilly, and most genres of jazz. Low brass instruments such as the tuba or sousaphone are the standard bass instrument in Dixieland and New Orleans-style jazz bands.

text: bassist

text: or

text: bass

text: player

text: is

text: musician

text: who

text: plays

text: bass

text: instrument

text: such

text: as

text: double

text: bass

text: bass

text: guitar

text: keyboard

text: bass

text: or

text: low

text: brass

text: instrument

text: such

text: as

text: tuba

text: or

text: sousaphone

text: Different

text: musical

text: genres

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: associated

text: with

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: these

text: instruments

text: Since

text: the

text: the

text: electric

text: bass

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: standard

text: bass

text: instrument

text: for

text: funk

text: R&B

text: soul

text: music

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: reggae

text: jazz

text: fusion

text: heavy

text: metal

text: country

text: and

text: pop

text: music

text: The

text: double

text: bass

text: is

text: the

text: standard

text: bass

text: instrument

text: for

text: classical

text: music

text: bluegrass

text: rockabilly

text: and

text: most

text: genres

text: of

text: jazz

text: Low

text: brass

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: tuba

text: or

text: sousaphone

text: are

text: the

text: standard

text: bass

text: instrument

text: in

text: Dixieland

text: and

text: New

text: Orleans

text: style

text: jazz

text: bands

text: A guitarist (or a guitar player) is a person who plays the guitar. Guitarists may play a variety of guitar family instruments such as classical guitars, acoustic guitars, electric guitars, and bass guitars. Some guitarists accompany themselves on the guitar by singing or playing the harmonica.

text: guitarist

text: or

text: guitar

text: player

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: plays

text: the

text: guitar

text: Guitarists

text: may

text: play

text: variety

text: of

text: guitar

text: family

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: classical

text: guitars

text: acoustic

text: guitars

text: electric

text: guitars

text: and

text: bass

text: guitars

text: Some

text: guitarists

text: accompany

text: themselves

text: on

text: the

text: guitar

text: by

text: singing

text: or

text: playing

text: the

text: harmonica

text: A keyboardist is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists. Since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. These keyboards include:

text: keyboardist

text: is

text: musician

text: who

text: plays

text: keyboard

text: instruments

text: Until

text: the

text: early

text: musicians

text: who

text: played

text: keyboards

text: were

text: generally

text: classified

text: as

text: either

text: pianists

text: or

text: organists

text: Since

text: the

text: plethora

text: of

text: new

text: musical

text: instruments

text: with

text: keyboards

text: have

text: come

text: into

text: common

text: usage

text: requiring

text: more

text: general

text: term

text: for

text: person

text: who

text: plays

text: them

text: These

text: keyboards

text: include

text: Steve Rodby (born December 9, 1954 in Joliet, Illinois) is an American jazz bassist and producer known for his time with the Pat Metheny Group.

text: Steve

text: Rodby

text: born

text: December

text: in

text: Joliet

text: Illinois

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: jazz

text: bassist

text: and

text: producer

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: time

text: with

text: the

text: Pat

text: Metheny

text: Group

question: genre mark ledford

answer: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz


text: The Pro Patria Union (meaning literally Fatherland Union) was a national conservative political party in Estonia. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the Estonian National Independence Party and the Pro Patria National Coalition.

text: The

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: Union

text: meaning

text: literally

text: Fatherland

text: Union

text: was

text: national

text: conservative

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Estonia

text: The

text: party

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: December

text: from

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: Estonian

text: National

text: Independence

text: Party

text: and

text: the

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: National

text: Coalition

text: The European Parliament (EP) is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU). Together with the Council of the European Union (the Council) and the European Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU. The Parliament is composed of 751 (previously 766) members, who represent the second largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India) and the largest trans-national democratic electorate in the world (375 million eligible voters in 2009).

text: The

text: European

text: Parliament

text: EP

text: is

text: the

text: directly

text: elected

text: parliamentary

text: institution

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: the

text: Council

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: Commission

text: it

text: exercises

text: the

text: legislative

text: function

text: of

text: the

text: EU

text: The

text: Parliament

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: previously

text: members

text: who

text: represent

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: democratic

text: electorate

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: the

text: Parliament

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: trans

text: national

text: democratic

text: electorate

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: million

text: eligible

text: voters

text: in

text: The European People's Party (EPP) is a European political party. A transnational organisation, it is composed of other political parties, not individuals. Founded by primarily Christian democratic parties in 1976, it has since broadened its membership to include liberal-conservative parties and parties with other centre-right political perspectives.

text: The

text: European

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: EPP

text: is

text: European

text: political

text: party

text: transnational

text: organisation

text: it

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: other

text: political

text: parties

text: not

text: individuals

text: Founded

text: by

text: primarily

text: Christian

text: democratic

text: parties

text: in

text: it

text: has

text: since

text: broadened

text: its

text: membership

text: to

text: include

text: liberal

text: conservative

text: parties

text: and

text: parties

text: with

text: other

text: centre

text: right

text: political

text: perspectives

text: Res Publica Party was a political party in Estonia that self-identified as conservative and therefore member of the International Democrat Union, but considering its vague platform for 2003 election, the genuineness of this ideology is disputed. Established as a party on 8 December 2001, the political organisation Res Publica was founded already as early as 1989 and existed as a community of young conservatives, mostly associated with the Pro Patria Union party during the 1990s. Res Publica was a member of the EPP (European People's Party) on the European level. It merged with Pro Patria Union in 2006 to form the Pro Patria and Res Publica Union.

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Party

text: was

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Estonia

text: that

text: self

text: identified

text: as

text: conservative

text: and

text: therefore

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Democrat

text: Union

text: but

text: considering

text: its

text: vague

text: platform

text: for

text: election

text: the

text: genuineness

text: of

text: this

text: ideology

text: is

text: disputed

text: Established

text: as

text: party

text: on

text: December

text: the

text: political

text: organisation

text: Res

text: Publica

text: was

text: founded

text: already

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: and

text: existed

text: as

text: community

text: of

text: young

text: conservatives

text: mostly

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: Union

text: party

text: during

text: the

text: Res

text: Publica

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: EPP

text: European

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: level

text: It

text: merged

text: with

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: Union

text: in

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: and

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Union

text: The Riigikogu (from "riigi-", of the state, and "kogu", assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. All important state-related questions pass through the Riigikogu. In addition to approving legislation, the Riigikogu appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the President. The Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations, bring about changes in law, etc.; approves the budget presented by the government as law and monitors the executive power.

text: The

text: Riigikogu

text: from

text: riigi-

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: kogu

text: assembly

text: is

text: the

text: unicameral

text: parliament

text: of

text: Estonia

text: All

text: important

text: state

text: related

text: questions

text: pass

text: through

text: the

text: Riigikogu

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: approving

text: legislation

text: the

text: Riigikogu

text: appoints

text: high

text: officials

text: including

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: and

text: Chief

text: Justice

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: and

text: elects

text: either

text: alone

text: or

text: if

text: necessary

text: together

text: with

text: representatives

text: of

text: local

text: government

text: within

text: broader

text: electoral

text: college

text: the

text: President

text: The

text: Riigikogu

text: also

text: ratifies

text: significant

text: foreign

text: treaties

text: that

text: impose

text: military

text: and

text: proprietary

text: obligations

text: bring

text: about

text: changes

text: in

text: law

text: etc

text: approves

text: the

text: budget

text: presented

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: as

text: law

text: and

text: monitors

text: the

text: executive

text: power

text: Pro Patria and Res Publica Union (IRL) is a conservative political party in Estonia. It was founded on 4 June 2006 when two conservative parties, Pro Patria Union and Res Publica Party merged. Up to the 2007 parliamentary elections, the party held 32 seats out of 101 in the Riigikogu (the Estonian parliament) and one of Estonia's six seats in the European Parliament. The party is a member of the European People's Party (EPP). It has about 8,500 members. The merged party consisted of two separate boards and two party leaders, which was replaced by a unified board and leader in May 2007. The party's prime minister candidate was Mart Laar, who became a chairman of the party.

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: and

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Union

text: IRL

text: is

text: conservative

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Estonia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: June

text: when

text: two

text: conservative

text: parties

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: Union

text: and

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Party

text: merged

text: Up

text: to

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: elections

text: the

text: party

text: held

text: seats

text: out

text: of

text: in

text: the

text: Riigikogu

text: the

text: Estonian

text: parliament

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: Estonia

text: 's

text: six

text: seats

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Parliament

text: The

text: party

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: EPP

text: It

text: has

text: about

text: members

text: The

text: merged

text: party

text: consisted

text: of

text: two

text: separate

text: boards

text: and

text: two

text: party

text: leaders

text: which

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: unified

text: board

text: and

text: leader

text: in

text: May

text: The

text: party

text: 's

text: prime

text: minister

text: candidate

text: was

text: Mart

text: Laar

text: who

text: became

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: party

text: Ken - Marti Vaher ( born 5 September 1974 ) is a leading member of the Estonian Pro Patria and Res Publica Union party . He has served twice as a Minister : as Minister of Justice ( 2003 -- 2005 ) and as Minister of the Interior ( 2011 -- 2014 ) .

text: Ken

text: Marti

text: Vaher

text: born

text: September

text: is

text: leading

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Estonian

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: and

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Union

text: party

text: He

text: has

text: served

text: twice

text: as

text: Minister

text: as

text: Minister

text: of

text: Justice

text: and

text: as

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Interior

text: Mart Laar (born 22 April 1960) is an Estonian politician and historian. He served as the Prime Minister of Estonia from 1992 to 1994 and from 1999 to 2002. Laar is credited with having helped bring about Estonias rapid economic development during the 1990s. He is a member of Pro Patria and Res Publica Union.

text: Mart

text: Laar

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: an

text: Estonian

text: politician

text: and

text: historian

text: He

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Estonia

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: Laar

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: having

text: helped

text: bring

text: about

text: Estonias

text: rapid

text: economic

text: development

text: during

text: the

text: He

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: Pro

text: Patria

text: and

text: Res

text: Publica

text: Union

annotations: follows single

question: member_of_political_party ken-marti vaher

answer: res publica party

text: res publica party

text: res publica party


text: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade is a 1989 American action-adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg, from a story co-written by executive producer George Lucas. It is the third installment in the "Indiana Jones" franchise. Harrison Ford reprises the title role and Sean Connery plays Indiana's father, Henry Jones, Sr. Other cast members featured include Alison Doody, Denholm Elliott, Julian Glover, River Phoenix, and John Rhys-Davies. In the film, set largely in 1938, Indiana searches for his father, a Holy Grail scholar, who has been kidnapped by Nazis.

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: and

text: the

text: Last

text: Crusade

text: is

text: American

text: action

text: adventure

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Steven

text: Spielberg

text: from

text: story

text: co

text: written

text: by

text: executive

text: producer

text: George

text: Lucas

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: installment

text: in

text: the

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: franchise

text: Harrison

text: Ford

text: reprises

text: the

text: title

text: role

text: and

text: Sean

text: Connery

text: plays

text: Indiana

text: 's

text: father

text: Henry

text: Jones

text: Sr

text: Other

text: cast

text: members

text: featured

text: include

text: Alison

text: Doody

text: Denholm

text: Elliott

text: Julian

text: Glover

text: River

text: Phoenix

text: and

text: John

text: Rhys

text: Davies

text: In

text: the

text: film

text: set

text: largely

text: in

text: Indiana

text: searches

text: for

text: his

text: father

text: Holy

text: Grail

text: scholar

text: who

text: has

text: been

text: kidnapped

text: by

text: Nazis

text: Robbie Coltrane, OBE (born Anthony Robert McMillan; 30 March 1950) is a Scottish actor and author. He is known for his roles as Rubeus Hagrid in the "Harry Potter" films, as Valentin Dmitrovich Zukovsky in the James Bond films "GoldenEye" and "The World Is Not Enough," and as Dr. Eddie "Fitz" Fitzgerald in the British TV series "Cracker" during the 1990s.

text: Robbie

text: Coltrane

text: OBE

text: born

text: Anthony

text: Robert

text: McMillan

text: March

text: is

text: Scottish

text: actor

text: and

text: author

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: roles

text: as

text: Rubeus

text: Hagrid

text: in

text: the

text: Harry

text: Potter

text: films

text: as

text: Valentin

text: Dmitrovich

text: Zukovsky

text: in

text: the

text: James

text: Bond

text: films

text: GoldenEye

text: and

text: The

text: World

text: Is

text: Not

text: Enough

text: and

text: as

text: Dr.

text: Eddie

text: Fitz

text: Fitzgerald

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: TV

text: series

text: Cracker

text: during

text: the

text: A Room with a View is a 1908 novel by English writer E. M. Forster, about a young woman in the restrained culture of Edwardian era England. Set in Italy and England, the story is both a romance and a critique of English society at the beginning of the 20th century. Merchant-Ivory produced an award-winning film adaptation in 1985.

text: Room

text: with

text: View

text: is

text: novel

text: by

text: English

text: writer

text: Forster

text: about

text: young

text: woman

text: in

text: the

text: restrained

text: culture

text: of

text: Edwardian

text: era

text: England

text: Set

text: in

text: Italy

text: and

text: England

text: the

text: story

text: is

text: both

text: romance

text: and

text: critique

text: of

text: English

text: society

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Merchant

text: Ivory

text: produced

text: an

text: award

text: winning

text: film

text: adaptation

text: in

text: Raiders of the Lost Ark is a 1981 American action adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg, with a screenplay written by Lawrence Kasdan, from a story by George Lucas and Philip Kaufman. It was produced by Frank Marshall for Lucasfilm Ltd., with Lucas and Howard Kazanjian as executive producers. Starring Harrison Ford, it was the first installment in the "Indiana Jones" film franchise to be released, though it is the second in internal chronological order. It pits Indiana Jones (Ford) against a group of Nazis who are searching for the Ark of the Covenant, which Adolf Hitler believes will make his army invincible. The film co-stars Karen Allen as Indiana's former lover, Marion Ravenwood; Paul Freeman as Indiana's nemesis, French archaeologist René Belloq; John Rhys-Davies as Indiana's sidekick, Sallah; Ronald Lacey as Gestapo agent Arnold Toht; and Denholm Elliott as Indiana's colleague, Marcus Brody.

text: Raiders

text: of

text: the

text: Lost

text: Ark

text: is

text: American

text: action

text: adventure

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Steven

text: Spielberg

text: with

text: screenplay

text: written

text: by

text: Lawrence

text: Kasdan

text: from

text: story

text: by

text: George

text: Lucas

text: and

text: Philip

text: Kaufman

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Frank

text: Marshall

text: for

text: Lucasfilm

text: Ltd.

text: with

text: Lucas

text: and

text: Howard

text: Kazanjian

text: as

text: executive

text: producers

text: Starring

text: Harrison

text: Ford

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: installment

text: in

text: the

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: film

text: franchise

text: to

text: be

text: released

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: in

text: internal

text: chronological

text: order

text: It

text: pits

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: Ford

text: against

text: group

text: of

text: Nazis

text: who

text: are

text: searching

text: for

text: the

text: Ark

text: of

text: the

text: Covenant

text: which

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: believes

text: will

text: make

text: his

text: army

text: invincible

text: The

text: film

text: co

text: stars

text: Karen

text: Allen

text: as

text: Indiana

text: 's

text: former

text: lover

text: Marion

text: Ravenwood

text: Paul

text: Freeman

text: as

text: Indiana

text: 's

text: nemesis

text: French

text: archaeologist

text: René

text: Belloq

text: John

text: Rhys

text: Davies

text: as

text: Indiana

text: 's

text: sidekick

text: Sallah

text: Ronald

text: Lacey

text: as

text: Gestapo

text: agent

text: Arnold

text: Toht

text: and

text: Denholm

text: Elliott

text: as

text: Indiana

text: 's

text: colleague

text: Marcus

text: Brody

text: Gabriel James Byrne (born 12 May 1950) is an Irish actor, film director, film producer, writer, cultural ambassador and audiobook narrator. His acting career began in the Focus Theatre before he joined London's Royal Court Theatre in 1979. Byrne's screen debut came in the Irish soap opera "The Riordans" and the spin-off show "Bracken". He has now appeared in over 35 feature films, including "Excalibur" (1981), "Miller's Crossing" (1990), "The Usual Suspects" (1995), "Stigmata" (1999), "End of Days" (1999), "Spider" (2002), "Jindabyne" (2006), "Vampire Academy" (2013) and "The 33" (2015), and co-wrote "The Last of the High Kings" (1996). Byrne has also produced several films, including the Academy Awardnominated "In the Name of the Father" (1993).

text: Gabriel

text: James

text: Byrne

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: actor

text: film

text: director

text: film

text: producer

text: writer

text: cultural

text: ambassador

text: and

text: audiobook

text: narrator

text: His

text: acting

text: career

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: Focus

text: Theatre

text: before

text: he

text: joined

text: London

text: 's

text: Royal

text: Court

text: Theatre

text: in

text: Byrne

text: 's

text: screen

text: debut

text: came

text: in

text: the

text: Irish

text: soap

text: opera

text: The

text: Riordans

text: and

text: the

text: spin

text: off

text: show

text: Bracken

text: He

text: has

text: now

text: appeared

text: in

text: over

text: feature

text: films

text: including

text: Excalibur

text: Miller

text: 's

text: Crossing

text: The

text: Usual

text: Suspects

text: Stigmata

text: End

text: of

text: Days

text: Spider

text: Jindabyne

text: Vampire

text: Academy

text: and

text: The

text: and

text: co

text: wrote

text: The

text: Last

text: of

text: the

text: High

text: Kings

text: Byrne

text: has

text: also

text: produced

text: several

text: films

text: including

text: the

text: Academy

text: Awardnominated

text: In

text: the

text: Name

text: of

text: the

text: Father

text: Greta Scacchi (born 18 February 1960) is an Italian-Australian actress known for her roles in the films "White Mischief", "Presumed Innocent", "The Player" and "Looking for Alibrandi". She won an Emmy Award in 1996 for her portrayal of Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna of Russia in the television film, "".

text: Greta

text: Scacchi

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: an

text: Italian

text: Australian

text: actress

text: known

text: for

text: her

text: roles

text: in

text: the

text: films

text: White

text: Mischief

text: Presumed

text: Innocent

text: The

text: Player

text: and

text: Looking

text: for

text: Alibrandi

text: She

text: won

text: an

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: in

text: for

text: her

text: portrayal

text: of

text: Empress

text: Alexandra

text: Fyodorovna

text: of

text: Russia

text: in

text: the

text: television

text: film

text: Trading Places is a 1983 American comedy film directed by John Landis, starring Dan Aykroyd and Eddie Murphy. It tells the story of an upper-class commodities broker and a homeless street hustler whose lives cross paths when they are unknowingly made part of an elaborate bet. Ralph Bellamy, Don Ameche, Denholm Elliott, and Jamie Lee Curtis also star. The storyline is often called a modern take on Mark Twain's classic 19th-century novel "The Prince and the Pauper".

text: Trading

text: Places

text: is

text: American

text: comedy

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: John

text: Landis

text: starring

text: Dan

text: Aykroyd

text: and

text: Eddie

text: Murphy

text: It

text: tells

text: the

text: story

text: of

text: an

text: upper

text: class

text: commodities

text: broker

text: and

text: homeless

text: street

text: hustler

text: whose

text: lives

text: cross

text: paths

text: when

text: they

text: are

text: unknowingly

text: made

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: elaborate

text: bet

text: Ralph

text: Bellamy

text: Don

text: Ameche

text: Denholm

text: Elliott

text: and

text: Jamie

text: Lee

text: Curtis

text: also

text: star

text: The

text: storyline

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: modern

text: take

text: on

text: Mark

text: Twain

text: 's

text: classic

text: century

text: novel

text: The

text: Prince

text: and

text: the

text: Pauper

text: The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) is a drama school in London, England. It is one of the oldest drama schools in the United Kingdom, founded in 1904 by Herbert Beerbohm Tree.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Academy

text: of

text: Dramatic

text: Art

text: RADA

text: is

text: drama

text: school

text: in

text: London

text: England

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: drama

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Herbert

text: Beerbohm

text: Tree

text: The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations: Kingsley Amis, Christopher Wood, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz. The latest novel is "Trigger Mortis" by Anthony Horowitz, published in September 2015. Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond, and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character, Moneypenny.

text: The

text: James

text: Bond

text: series

text: focuses

text: on

text: fictional

text: British

text: Secret

text: Service

text: agent

text: created

text: in

text: by

text: writer

text: Ian

text: Fleming

text: who

text: featured

text: him

text: in

text: twelve

text: novels

text: and

text: two

text: short

text: story

text: collections

text: Since

text: Fleming

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: eight

text: other

text: authors

text: have

text: written

text: authorised

text: Bond

text: novels

text: or

text: novelizations

text: Kingsley

text: Amis

text: Christopher

text: Wood

text: John

text: Gardner

text: Raymond

text: Benson

text: Sebastian

text: Faulks

text: Jeffery

text: Deaver

text: William

text: Boyd

text: and

text: Anthony

text: Horowitz

text: The

text: latest

text: novel

text: is

text: Trigger

text: Mortis

text: by

text: Anthony

text: Horowitz

text: published

text: in

text: September

text: Additionally

text: Charlie

text: Higson

text: wrote

text: series

text: on

text: young

text: James

text: Bond

text: and

text: Kate

text: Westbrook

text: wrote

text: three

text: novels

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: diaries

text: of

text: recurring

text: series

text: character

text: Moneypenny

text: Miller's Crossing is a 1990 American neo-noir gangster film, with elements of black comedy, written, directed and produced by the Coen brothers, and starring Gabriel Byrne, Marcia Gay Harden, John Turturro, Jon Polito, J. E. Freeman, and Albert Finney. The plot concerns a power struggle between two rival gangs and how the protagonist, Tom Reagan (Byrne), plays both sides off against each other.

text: Miller

text: 's

text: Crossing

text: is

text: American

text: neo

text: noir

text: gangster

text: film

text: with

text: elements

text: of

text: black

text: comedy

text: written

text: directed

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: Coen

text: brothers

text: and

text: starring

text: Gabriel

text: Byrne

text: Marcia

text: Gay

text: Harden

text: John

text: Turturro

text: Jon

text: Polito

text: Freeman

text: and

text: Albert

text: Finney

text: The

text: plot

text: concerns

text: power

text: struggle

text: between

text: two

text: rival

text: gangs

text: and

text: how

text: the

text: protagonist

text: Tom

text: Reagan

text: Byrne

text: plays

text: both

text: sides

text: off

text: against

text: each

text: other

text: GoldenEye (1995) is the seventeenth spy film in the "James Bond" series, and the first to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 officer James Bond. The film was directed by Martin Campbell and is the first film in the series not to take story elements from the works of novelist Ian Fleming. The story was conceived and written by Michael France, with later collaboration by other writers. In the film, Bond fights to prevent an ex-MI6 agent, gone rogue, from using a satellite against London to cause global financial meltdown.

text: GoldenEye

text: is

text: the

text: seventeenth

text: spy

text: film

text: in

text: the

text: James

text: Bond

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: star

text: Pierce

text: Brosnan

text: as

text: the

text: fictional

text: officer

text: James

text: Bond

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: directed

text: by

text: Martin

text: Campbell

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: film

text: in

text: the

text: series

text: not

text: to

text: take

text: story

text: elements

text: from

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: novelist

text: Ian

text: Fleming

text: The

text: story

text: was

text: conceived

text: and

text: written

text: by

text: Michael

text: France

text: with

text: later

text: collaboration

text: by

text: other

text: writers

text: In

text: the

text: film

text: Bond

text: fights

text: to

text: prevent

text: an

text: ex

text: agent

text: gone

text: rogue

text: from

text: using

text: satellite

text: against

text: London

text: to

text: cause

text: global

text: financial

text: meltdown

text: Denholm Mitchell Elliott, CBE (31 May 1922  6 October 1992) was an English film, television and theatre actor with more than 120 film and television credits. Elliott was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in "A Room with a View" in 1985. He trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. In the 1980s, he won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in three consecutive years, the only actor ever to have achieved this. He is perhaps best known for portraying Dr Marcus Brody in "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981) and "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade" (1989) and as Coleman in "Trading Places" (1983).

text: Denholm

text: Mitchell

text: Elliott

text: CBE

text: May

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: film

text: television

text: and

text: theatre

text: actor

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: credits

text: Elliott

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actor

text: for

text: his

text: performance

text: in

text: Room

text: with

text: View

text: in

text: He

text: trained

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Academy

text: of

text: Dramatic

text: Art

text: in

text: London

text: In

text: the

text: he

text: won

text: the

text: BAFTA

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Actor

text: in

text: Supporting

text: Role

text: in

text: three

text: consecutive

text: years

text: the

text: only

text: actor

text: ever

text: to

text: have

text: achieved

text: this

text: He

text: is

text: perhaps

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: portraying

text: Dr

text: Marcus

text: Brody

text: in

text: Raiders

text: of

text: the

text: Lost

text: Ark

text: and

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: and

text: the

text: Last

text: Crusade

text: and

text: as

text: Coleman

text: in

text: Trading

text: Places

text: The Royal Court Theatre is a non-commercial theatre on Sloane Square, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London, England. It is noted for its contributions to modern theatre. In 1956 it was acquired by and is home to a resident company, the English Stage Company.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Court

text: Theatre

text: is

text: non

text: commercial

text: theatre

text: on

text: Sloane

text: Square

text: in

text: the

text: Royal

text: Borough

text: of

text: Kensington

text: and

text: Chelsea

text: London

text: England

text: It

text: is

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: contributions

text: to

text: modern

text: theatre

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: acquired

text: by

text: and

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: resident

text: company

text: the

text: English

text: Stage

text: Company

text: Defence of the Realm ( US title Defense of the Realm ) is a 1986 political thriller directed by David Drury , and starring Gabriel Byrne , Greta Scacchi , and Denholm Elliott , with Robbie Coltrane in a supporting role . The film takes its title from the 1914 Defence of the Realm Act ( DORA ) , passed in the United Kingdom at the start of the First World War , which gave the Government executive powers for as long as war continued to suppress public criticism , imprison people without trial , and commandeer economic resources for the war effort .

text: Defence

text: of

text: the

text: Realm

text: US

text: title

text: Defense

text: of

text: the

text: Realm

text: is

text: political

text: thriller

text: directed

text: by

text: David

text: Drury

text: and

text: starring

text: Gabriel

text: Byrne

text: Greta

text: Scacchi

text: and

text: Denholm

text: Elliott

text: with

text: Robbie

text: Coltrane

text: in

text: supporting

text: role

text: The

text: film

text: takes

text: its

text: title

text: from

text: the

text: Defence

text: of

text: the

text: Realm

text: Act

text: DORA

text: passed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: which

text: gave

text: the

text: Government

text: executive

text: powers

text: for

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: war

text: continued

text: to

text: suppress

text: public

text: criticism

text: imprison

text: people

text: without

text: trial

text: and

text: commandeer

text: economic

text: resources

text: for

text: the

text: war

text: effort

text: The Last of the High Kings, also released under the title Summer Fling in some countries, is a 1996 coming of age comedy-drama film set in Howth, Dublin, Ireland in the 1970s where the teenagers of the story are dealing with the birth of punk, the death of Elvis Presley and the various dramas of their teens. The lead role of Frankie Griffin is played by Jared Leto. Christina Ricci also stars as an American visiting for the summer. The film is based on the eponymous book by Ferdia Mac Anna.

text: The

text: Last

text: of

text: the

text: High

text: Kings

text: also

text: released

text: under

text: the

text: title

text: Summer

text: Fling

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: is

text: coming

text: of

text: age

text: comedy

text: drama

text: film

text: set

text: in

text: Howth

text: Dublin

text: Ireland

text: in

text: the

text: where

text: the

text: teenagers

text: of

text: the

text: story

text: are

text: dealing

text: with

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: punk

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Elvis

text: Presley

text: and

text: the

text: various

text: dramas

text: of

text: their

text: teens

text: The

text: lead

text: role

text: of

text: Frankie

text: Griffin

text: is

text: played

text: by

text: Jared

text: Leto

text: Christina

text: Ricci

text: also

text: stars

text: as

text: an

text: American

text: visiting

text: for

text: the

text: summer

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: eponymous

text: book

text: by

text: Ferdia

text: Mac

text: Anna

text: The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American crime thriller film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie. It stars Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Benicio del Toro, Kevin Pollak, Chazz Palminteri, Pete Postlethwaite, and Kevin Spacey.

text: The

text: Usual

text: Suspects

text: is

text: American

text: crime

text: thriller

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Bryan

text: Singer

text: and

text: written

text: by

text: Christopher

text: McQuarrie

text: It

text: stars

text: Stephen

text: Baldwin

text: Gabriel

text: Byrne

text: Benicio

text: del

text: Toro

text: Kevin

text: Pollak

text: Chazz

text: Palminteri

text: Pete

text: Postlethwaite

text: and

text: Kevin

text: Spacey

text: The Riordans was the second Irish soap opera made by Raidio Telefís Éireann (then called "Telefís Éireann"). It ran from 1965 to 1979 and was set in the fictional townland of Leestown in County Kilkenny. Its location filming with Outside Broadcast Units, rather than using only TV studios, broke the mould of broadcasting in the soap opera genre and inspired the creation of its British equivalent, "Emmerdale Farm" (now called "Emmerdale") by Yorkshire Television in 1972.

text: The

text: Riordans

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: Irish

text: soap

text: opera

text: made

text: by

text: Raidio

text: Telefís

text: Éireann

text: then

text: called

text: Telefís

text: Éireann

text: It

text: ran

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: was

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: fictional

text: townland

text: of

text: Leestown

text: in

text: County

text: Kilkenny

text: Its

text: location

text: filming

text: with

text: Outside

text: Broadcast

text: Units

text: rather

text: than

text: using

text: only

text: TV

text: studios

text: broke

text: the

text: mould

text: of

text: broadcasting

text: in

text: the

text: soap

text: opera

text: genre

text: and

text: inspired

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: its

text: British

text: equivalent

text: Emmerdale

text: Farm

text: now

text: called

text: Emmerdale

text: by

text: Yorkshire

text: Television

text: in

text: The World Is Not Enough (1999) is the nineteenth film in the "James Bond" series, and the third to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond. The film was directed by Michael Apted, with the original story and screenplay written by Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Bruce Feirstein. It was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli. The title is taken from a line in the 1963 novel "On Her Majesty's Secret Service".

text: The

text: World

text: Is

text: Not

text: Enough

text: is

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: film

text: in

text: the

text: James

text: Bond

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: to

text: star

text: Pierce

text: Brosnan

text: as

text: the

text: fictional

text: agent

text: James

text: Bond

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: directed

text: by

text: Michael

text: Apted

text: with

text: the

text: original

text: story

text: and

text: screenplay

text: written

text: by

text: Neal

text: Purvis

text: Robert

text: Wade

text: and

text: Bruce

text: Feirstein

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Michael

text: Wilson

text: and

text: Barbara

text: Broccoli

text: The

text: title

text: is

text: taken

text: from

text: line

text: in

text: the

text: novel

text: On

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: Secret

text: Service

question: publication_date defence of the realm

answer: 1985