text: Region of Southern Denmark is an administrative region of Denmark established on Monday 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish Municipal Reform, which replaced the traditional counties ("amter") with five larger regions. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the number of municipalities from 271 before 1 January 2006 to 98. The reform was implemented in Denmark on 1 January 2007, although the merger of the Funish municipalities of Ærøskøbing and Marstal, being a part of the reform, was given the go-ahead to be implemented on Sunday 1 January 2006, one year before the main reform.

text: Region

text: of

text: Southern

text: Denmark

text: is

text: an

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: Denmark

text: established

text: on

text: Monday

text: January

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Danish

text: Municipal

text: Reform

text: which

text: replaced

text: the

text: traditional

text: counties

text: amter

text: with

text: five

text: larger

text: regions

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: smaller

text: municipalities

text: were

text: merged

text: into

text: larger

text: units

text: cutting

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: municipalities

text: from

text: before

text: January

text: to

text: The

text: reform

text: was

text: implemented

text: in

text: Denmark

text: on

text: January

text: although

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: Funish

text: municipalities

text: of

text: Ærøskøbing

text: and

text: Marstal

text: being

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: reform

text: was

text: given

text: the

text: go

text: ahead

text: to

text: be

text: implemented

text: on

text: Sunday

text: January

text: one

text: year

text: before

text: the

text: main

text: reform

text: The Cimbri were an ancient people, either Germanic or Celtic who, together with the Teutones and the Ambrones, fought the Roman Republic between 113 and 101 BC. The Cimbri were initially successful, particularly at the Battle of Arausio, in which a large Roman army was routed, after which they raided large areas in Gaul and Hispania. In 101 BC, during an attempted invasion of Italy, the Cimbri were decisively defeated by Gaius Marius, and their king, Boiorix, was killed. Some of the surviving captives are reported to have been among the rebelling Gladiators in the Third Servile War.

text: The

text: Cimbri

text: were

text: an

text: ancient

text: people

text: either

text: Germanic

text: or

text: Celtic

text: who

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: Teutones

text: and

text: the

text: Ambrones

text: fought

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: The

text: Cimbri

text: were

text: initially

text: successful

text: particularly

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Arausio

text: in

text: which

text: large

text: Roman

text: army

text: was

text: routed

text: after

text: which

text: they

text: raided

text: large

text: areas

text: in

text: Gaul

text: and

text: Hispania

text: In

text: BC

text: during

text: an

text: attempted

text: invasion

text: of

text: Italy

text: the

text: Cimbri

text: were

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: by

text: Gaius

text: Marius

text: and

text: their

text: king

text: Boiorix

text: was

text: killed

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: surviving

text: captives

text: are

text: reported

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: among

text: the

text: rebelling

text: Gladiators

text: in

text: the

text: Third

text: Servile

text: War

text: In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.

text: In

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Europe

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: or

text: medieval

text: period

text: lasted

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Discovery

text: The

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: is

text: the

text: middle

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: traditional

text: divisions

text: of

text: Western

text: history

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: period

text: The

text: medieval

text: period

text: is

text: itself

text: subdivided

text: into

text: the

text: Early

text: High

text: and

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: A heath is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and is characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation. Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths withespecially in the British Islesa cooler and more damp climate.

text: heath

text: is

text: shrubland

text: habitat

text: found

text: mainly

text: on

text: free

text: draining

text: infertile

text: acidic

text: soils

text: and

text: is

text: characterised

text: by

text: open

text: low

text: growing

text: woody

text: vegetation

text: Moorland

text: is

text: generally

text: related

text: to

text: high

text: ground

text: heaths

text: withespecially

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Islesa

text: cooler

text: and

text: more

text: damp

text: climate

text: A bog is a wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant materialoften mosses, and in a majority of cases, sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, quagmire, and muskeg; alkaline mires are called fens. They are frequently covered in ericaceous shrubs rooted in the sphagnum moss and peat. The gradual accumulation of decayed plant material in a bog functions as a carbon sink.

text: bog

text: is

text: wetland

text: that

text: accumulates

text: peat

text: deposit

text: of

text: dead

text: plant

text: materialoften

text: mosses

text: and

text: in

text: majority

text: of

text: cases

text: sphagnum

text: moss

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: main

text: types

text: of

text: wetlands

text: Other

text: names

text: for

text: bogs

text: include

text: mire

text: quagmire

text: and

text: muskeg

text: alkaline

text: mires

text: are

text: called

text: fens

text: They

text: are

text: frequently

text: covered

text: in

text: ericaceous

text: shrubs

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: sphagnum

text: moss

text: and

text: peat

text: The

text: gradual

text: accumulation

text: of

text: decayed

text: plant

text: material

text: in

text: bog

text: functions

text: as

text: carbon

text: sink

text: The Middle East is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia and Egypt. The corresponding adjective is "Middle-Eastern" and the derived noun is "Middle-Easterner". The term has come into wider usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to Far East) beginning in the early 20th century.

text: The

text: Middle

text: East

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: region

text: centered

text: on

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: Egypt

text: The

text: corresponding

text: adjective

text: is

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: and

text: the

text: derived

text: noun

text: is

text: Middle

text: Easterner

text: The

text: term

text: has

text: come

text: into

text: wider

text: usage

text: as

text: replacement

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Far

text: East

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term, geographically, Northern Europe may be considered to consist approximately of all of Europe above the 52nd parallel north; which includes (from west to east) most or all of: Iceland, the Republic of Ireland, the Isle of Man, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, northern Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northwest Russia. However, narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors, such as climate and ecology. Greenland, geographically a part of North America, is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and may be included depending on the definition.

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: is

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: or

text: region

text: of

text: Europe

text: Although

text: no

text: definitive

text: borders

text: or

text: definition

text: exists

text: for

text: the

text: term

text: geographically

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: may

text: be

text: considered

text: to

text: consist

text: approximately

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: Europe

text: above

text: the

text: parallel

text: north

text: which

text: includes

text: from

text: west

text: to

text: east

text: most

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: Iceland

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: northern

text: Germany

text: Denmark

text: Norway

text: Sweden

text: northern

text: Poland

text: Finland

text: Estonia

text: Latvia

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: northwest

text: Russia

text: However

text: narrower

text: definitions

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: based

text: on

text: other

text: geographical

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: climate

text: and

text: ecology

text: Greenland

text: geographically

text: part

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: is

text: politically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: included

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: definition

text: "Country House" is a song by English alternative rock band Blur. It was released as the lead single from the band's fourth album "The Great Escape" on 14 August 1995. "Country House" was the first of two Blur singles to reach number one on the UK Singles Chart (the second being 1997's "Beetlebum").

text: Country

text: House

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: English

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Blur

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: the

text: lead

text: single

text: from

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: fourth

text: album

text: The

text: Great

text: Escape

text: on

text: August

text: Country

text: House

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: two

text: Blur

text: singles

text: to

text: reach

text: number

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: UK

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: the

text: second

text: being

text: 's

text: Beetlebum

text: The Jutes, Iuti, or Iutæ were a Germanic people. According to Bede, the Jutes were one of the three most powerful Germanic peoples of their time in the Nordic Iron Age, the other two being the Saxons and the Angles.

text: The

text: Jutes

text: Iuti

text: or

text: Iutæ

text: were

text: Germanic

text: people

text: According

text: to

text: Bede

text: the

text: Jutes

text: were

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: most

text: powerful

text: Germanic

text: peoples

text: of

text: their

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: Nordic

text: Iron

text: Age

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: being

text: the

text: Saxons

text: and

text: the

text: Angles

text: Koldinghus is a Danish royal castle in the town of Kolding on the south central part of the Jutland peninsula . The castle was founded in the 13th century and was expanded since with many functions ranging from fortress , royal residency , ruin , museum , and the location of numerous wartime negotiations . The castle was originally founded by Christoffer I in 1268 but the oldest remaining part of buildings is the north side facing the castle lake originally built by king Christoffer III ( 1441 -- 1448 ) . The western side was later built by king Christian I ( 1448 -- 1481 ) . King Christian III built the south side and the small towers in the courtyard . Today the restored castle functions as a museum containing collections of furniture from the 16th century to present , Roman and Gothic church culture , older Danish paintings , crafts focused on ceramics and silver and shifting thematized exhibitions .

text: Koldinghus

text: is

text: Danish

text: royal

text: castle

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Kolding

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Jutland

text: peninsula

text: The

text: castle

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: was

text: expanded

text: since

text: with

text: many

text: functions

text: ranging

text: from

text: fortress

text: royal

text: residency

text: ruin

text: museum

text: and

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: numerous

text: wartime

text: negotiations

text: The

text: castle

text: was

text: originally

text: founded

text: by

text: Christoffer

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: oldest

text: remaining

text: part

text: of

text: buildings

text: is

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: facing

text: the

text: castle

text: lake

text: originally

text: built

text: by

text: king

text: Christoffer

text: III

text: The

text: western

text: side

text: was

text: later

text: built

text: by

text: king

text: Christian

text: King

text: Christian

text: III

text: built

text: the

text: south

text: side

text: and

text: the

text: small

text: towers

text: in

text: the

text: courtyard

text: Today

text: the

text: restored

text: castle

text: functions

text: as

text: museum

text: containing

text: collections

text: of

text: furniture

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: present

text: Roman

text: and

text: Gothic

text: church

text: culture

text: older

text: Danish

text: paintings

text: crafts

text: focused

text: on

text: ceramics

text: and

text: silver

text: and

text: shifting

text: thematized

text: exhibitions

text: Jutland , also known as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula , is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and the northern portion of Germany. The names are derived from the Jutes and the Cimbri, respectively. Jutland's terrain is relatively flat, with open lands, heaths, plains and peat bogs in the west and a more elevated and slightly hilly terrain in the east.

text: Jutland

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Cimbric

text: or

text: Cimbrian

text: Peninsula

text: is

text: peninsula

text: of

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: that

text: forms

text: the

text: continental

text: portion

text: of

text: Denmark

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: portion

text: of

text: Germany

text: The

text: names

text: are

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Jutes

text: and

text: the

text: Cimbri

text: respectively

text: Jutland

text: 's

text: terrain

text: is

text: relatively

text: flat

text: with

text: open

text: lands

text: heaths

text: plains

text: and

text: peat

text: bogs

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: more

text: elevated

text: and

text: slightly

text: hilly

text: terrain

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The Kingdom of Denmark is the sovereign state that comprises Denmark proper and two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark has a total area of , and a population of 5.7 million. The country consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand and Funen. The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.

text: Denmark

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: southernmost

text: and

text: smallest

text: of

text: the

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: it

text: is

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: Norway

text: and

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: Germany

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: is

text: the

text: sovereign

text: state

text: that

text: comprises

text: Denmark

text: proper

text: and

text: two

text: autonomous

text: constituent

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: and

text: Greenland

text: Denmark

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: country

text: consists

text: of

text: peninsula

text: Jutland

text: and

text: an

text: archipelago

text: of

text: named

text: islands

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: being

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Funen

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: characterised

text: by

text: flat

text: arable

text: land

text: and

text: sandy

text: coasts

text: low

text: elevation

text: and

text: temperate

text: climate

text: Kolding is a Danish seaport located at the head of Kolding Fjord in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the seat of Kolding Municipality. It is a transportation, commercial, and manufacturing centre, and has numerous industrial companies, principally geared towards shipbuilding. The manufacturing of machinery and textiles and livestock export are other economically significant activities.

text: Kolding

text: is

text: Danish

text: seaport

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: Kolding

text: Fjord

text: in

text: the

text: Region

text: of

text: Southern

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Kolding

text: Municipality

text: It

text: is

text: transportation

text: commercial

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: centre

text: and

text: has

text: numerous

text: industrial

text: companies

text: principally

text: geared

text: towards

text: shipbuilding

text: The

text: manufacturing

text: of

text: machinery

text: and

text: textiles

text: and

text: livestock

text: export

text: are

text: other

text: economically

text: significant

text: activities

text: Peat, also called turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter that is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, or mires. The peatland ecosystem is the most efficient carbon sink on the planet because peatland plants capture the CO which is naturally released from the peat, thus maintaining an equilibrium. In natural peatlands, the "annual rate of biomass production is greater than the rate of decomposition", but it takes "thousands of years for peatlands to develop the deposits of , which is the average depth of the boreal peatlands". One of the most common components is "Sphagnum" moss (peat moss), although many other plants can contribute. Soils that contain mostly peat are known as histosols. Peat forms in wetland conditions, where flooding obstructs flows of oxygen from the atmosphere, slowing rates of decomposition.

text: Peat

text: also

text: called

text: turf

text: is

text: an

text: accumulation

text: of

text: partially

text: decayed

text: vegetation

text: or

text: organic

text: matter

text: that

text: is

text: unique

text: to

text: natural

text: areas

text: called

text: peatlands

text: bogs

text: or

text: mires

text: The

text: peatland

text: ecosystem

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: efficient

text: carbon

text: sink

text: on

text: the

text: planet

text: because

text: peatland

text: plants

text: capture

text: the

text: CO

text: which

text: is

text: naturally

text: released

text: from

text: the

text: peat

text: thus

text: maintaining

text: an

text: equilibrium

text: In

text: natural

text: peatlands

text: the

text: annual

text: rate

text: of

text: biomass

text: production

text: is

text: greater

text: than

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: decomposition

text: but

text: it

text: takes

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: for

text: peatlands

text: to

text: develop

text: the

text: deposits

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: average

text: depth

text: of

text: the

text: boreal

text: peatlands

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: components

text: is

text: Sphagnum

text: moss

text: peat

text: moss

text: although

text: many

text: other

text: plants

text: can

text: contribute

text: Soils

text: that

text: contain

text: mostly

text: peat

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: histosols

text: Peat

text: forms

text: in

text: wetland

text: conditions

text: where

text: flooding

text: obstructs

text: flows

text: of

text: oxygen

text: from

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: slowing

text: rates

text: of

text: decomposition

text: A castle (from ) is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by nobility. Scholars debate the scope of the word "castle", but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble. This is distinct from a palace, which is not fortified; from a fortress, which was not always a residence for nobility; and from a fortified settlement, which was a public defence  though there are many similarities among these types of construction. Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses. Over the approximately 900 years that castles were built, they took on a great many forms with many different features, although some, such as curtain walls and arrowslits, were commonplace.

text: castle

text: from

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: fortified

text: structure

text: built

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: during

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: by

text: nobility

text: Scholars

text: debate

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: castle

text: but

text: usually

text: consider

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: private

text: fortified

text: residence

text: of

text: lord

text: or

text: noble

text: This

text: is

text: distinct

text: from

text: palace

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: fortified

text: from

text: fortress

text: which

text: was

text: not

text: always

text: residence

text: for

text: nobility

text: and

text: from

text: fortified

text: settlement

text: which

text: was

text: public

text: defence

text: though

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: similarities

text: among

text: these

text: types

text: of

text: construction

text: Usage

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: varied

text: over

text: time

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: structures

text: as

text: diverse

text: as

text: hill

text: forts

text: and

text: country

text: houses

text: Over

text: the

text: approximately

text: years

text: that

text: castles

text: were

text: built

text: they

text: took

text: on

text: great

text: many

text: forms

text: with

text: many

text: different

text: features

text: although

text: some

text: such

text: as

text: curtain

text: walls

text: and

text: arrowslits

text: were

text: commonplace

text: Kolding municipality is a municipality (Danish, "kommune") in Region Syddanmark on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in southeast Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 640 km², and has a total population of 87,781 (2008). Its mayor is Jørn Pedersen, a member of the Liberal Party ("Venstre") political party. The main city and the site of its municipal council is the seaport city of Kolding, the sixth largest city in Denmark.

text: Kolding

text: municipality

text: is

text: municipality

text: Danish

text: kommune

text: in

text: Region

text: Syddanmark

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Jutland

text: peninsula

text: in

text: southeast

text: Denmark

text: The

text: municipality

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: Its

text: mayor

text: is

text: Jørn

text: Pedersen

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: Venstre

text: political

text: party

text: The

text: main

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: its

text: municipal

text: council

text: is

text: the

text: seaport

text: city

text: of

text: Kolding

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Denmark

text: An arrowslit (often also referred to as an arrow loop, loophole or loop hole, and sometimes a balistraria) is a thin vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows.

text: An

text: arrowslit

text: often

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: an

text: arrow

text: loop

text: loophole

text: or

text: loop

text: hole

text: and

text: sometimes

text: balistraria

text: is

text: thin

text: vertical

text: aperture

text: in

text: fortification

text: through

text: which

text: an

text: archer

text: can

text: launch

text: arrows

text: A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop.

text: palace

text: is

text: grand

text: residence

text: especially

text: royal

text: residence

text: or

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: or

text: some

text: other

text: high

text: ranking

text: dignitary

text: such

text: as

text: bishop

text: or

text: archbishop

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity koldinghus

answer: kolding municipality

text: kolding municipality

text: kolding municipality


text: A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film.

text: film

text: director

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: directs

text: the

text: making

text: of

text: film

text: Generally

text: film

text: director

text: controls

text: film

text: 's

text: artistic

text: and

text: dramatic

text: aspects

text: and

text: visualizes

text: the

text: script

text: while

text: guiding

text: the

text: technical

text: crew

text: and

text: actors

text: in

text: the

text: fulfillment

text: of

text: that

text: vision

text: The

text: director

text: has

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: choosing

text: the

text: cast

text: members

text: production

text: design

text: and

text: the

text: creative

text: aspects

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: Under

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: the

text: director

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industry's global fame. It combines elements from the action film, as codified by Hollywood, with Chinese storytelling, aesthetic traditions and filmmaking techniques, to create a culturally distinctive form that nevertheless has a wide transcultural appeal. In recent years, the flow has reversed somewhat, with American and European action films being heavily influenced by Hong Kong genre conventions.

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: action

text: cinema

text: is

text: the

text: principal

text: source

text: of

text: the

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: film

text: industry

text: 's

text: global

text: fame

text: It

text: combines

text: elements

text: from

text: the

text: action

text: film

text: as

text: codified

text: by

text: Hollywood

text: with

text: Chinese

text: storytelling

text: aesthetic

text: traditions

text: and

text: filmmaking

text: techniques

text: to

text: create

text: culturally

text: distinctive

text: form

text: that

text: nevertheless

text: has

text: wide

text: transcultural

text: appeal

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: the

text: flow

text: has

text: reversed

text: somewhat

text: with

text: American

text: and

text: European

text: action

text: films

text: being

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: genre

text: conventions

text: Martial arts film is a film genre. A subgenre of the action film, martial arts films contain numerous martial arts fights between characters. They are usually the films' primary appeal and entertainment value, and often are a method of storytelling and character expression and development. Martial arts are frequently featured in training scenes and other sequences in addition to fights. Martial arts films commonly include other types of action, such as hand-to-hand combats, stuntwork, chases, and gunfights.

text: Martial

text: arts

text: film

text: is

text: film

text: genre

text: subgenre

text: of

text: the

text: action

text: film

text: martial

text: arts

text: films

text: contain

text: numerous

text: martial

text: arts

text: fights

text: between

text: characters

text: They

text: are

text: usually

text: the

text: films

text: primary

text: appeal

text: and

text: entertainment

text: value

text: and

text: often

text: are

text: method

text: of

text: storytelling

text: and

text: character

text: expression

text: and

text: development

text: Martial

text: arts

text: are

text: frequently

text: featured

text: in

text: training

text: scenes

text: and

text: other

text: sequences

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: fights

text: Martial

text: arts

text: films

text: commonly

text: include

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: action

text: such

text: as

text: hand

text: to

text: hand

text: combats

text: stuntwork

text: chases

text: and

text: gunfights

text: Yuen Siu-tien (27 November 1912  8 January 1979) (also known as Yuan Xiaotian, Simon Yuen, Sam Seed or "Ol' Dirty") was a Hong Kong martial arts film actor in the late 1970s. Yuen is perhaps best known as Beggar So (A.K.A Sam Seed) in three films: "Drunken Master", "Story of Drunken Master" and his final film "Dance of the Drunk Mantis". He starred in several films with film actors like Jackie Chan and under the direction of his real life son Yuen Woo-ping.

text: Yuen

text: Siu

text: tien

text: November

text: January

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Yuan

text: Xiaotian

text: Simon

text: Yuen

text: Sam

text: Seed

text: or

text: Ol'

text: Dirty

text: was

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: martial

text: arts

text: film

text: actor

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Yuen

text: is

text: perhaps

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: Beggar

text: So

text: A.K.A

text: Sam

text: Seed

text: in

text: three

text: films

text: Drunken

text: Master

text: Story

text: of

text: Drunken

text: Master

text: and

text: his

text: final

text: film

text: Dance

text: of

text: the

text: Drunk

text: Mantis

text: He

text: starred

text: in

text: several

text: films

text: with

text: film

text: actors

text: like

text: Jackie

text: Chan

text: and

text: under

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: his

text: real

text: life

text: son

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: Eddy Ko Hung (born 1947) is a Hong Kong television and film actor who has worked on the TV stations RTV (now defunct), TVB and ATV. His birthname is Ho Yiu-sum ( ). He adopted the name Ko Hung as a stage name. He is also sometimes also credited as Ko Hung, Gao Xiong, Eddie Ko, Edward Ko, and Lin Sheng ()

text: Eddy

text: Ko

text: Hung

text: born

text: is

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: television

text: and

text: film

text: actor

text: who

text: has

text: worked

text: on

text: the

text: TV

text: stations

text: RTV

text: now

text: defunct

text: TVB

text: and

text: ATV

text: His

text: birthname

text: is

text: Ho

text: Yiu

text: sum

text: He

text: adopted

text: the

text: name

text: Ko

text: Hung

text: as

text: stage

text: name

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: sometimes

text: also

text: credited

text: as

text: Ko

text: Hung

text: Gao

text: Xiong

text: Eddie

text: Ko

text: Edward

text: Ko

text: and

text: Lin

text: Sheng

text: Yuen Woo-ping (born 1945) is a Chinese martial arts choreographer and film director, renowned as one of the most successful and influential figures in the world of Hong Kong action cinema. He is one of the inductees on the Avenue of Stars in Hong Kong. Yuen is also a son of Yuen Siu-tien, a renowned martial arts film actor.

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: born

text: is

text: Chinese

text: martial

text: arts

text: choreographer

text: and

text: film

text: director

text: renowned

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: and

text: influential

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: action

text: cinema

text: He

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: inductees

text: on

text: the

text: Avenue

text: of

text: Stars

text: in

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Yuen

text: is

text: also

text: son

text: of

text: Yuen

text: Siu

text: tien

text: renowned

text: martial

text: arts

text: film

text: actor

text: Shaolin Drunkard ( Chinese :  ; Orig . Tian shi zhuang xie , aka Wu Tang Master , aka Miracle Fighters 2 ) is a 1983 Kung Fu comedy directed by Yuen Woo - ping , written by Yuen Woo - ping and Chung Hing Chiu , and starring Cheung - Yan Yuen , Eddy Ko , and Shun - Yee Yuen . This very strange movie shows the sort of thing Yuen Woo - ping will do when he is left to his own designs and imagination . Even strange for him , this movie involves vampires , huge monster toads , and drunk monks . For some of the effects puppets were used , including a very creepy / realistic dummy version of the Drunk Monk . The fight scenes are very creative and show off Yuen Woo - ping 's weird sense of style and choreography .

text: Shaolin

text: Drunkard

text: Chinese

text: Orig

text: Tian

text: shi

text: zhuang

text: xie

text: aka

text: Wu

text: Tang

text: Master

text: aka

text: Miracle

text: Fighters

text: is

text: Kung

text: Fu

text: comedy

text: directed

text: by

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: written

text: by

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: and

text: Chung

text: Hing

text: Chiu

text: and

text: starring

text: Cheung

text: Yan

text: Yuen

text: Eddy

text: Ko

text: and

text: Shun

text: Yee

text: Yuen

text: This

text: very

text: strange

text: movie

text: shows

text: the

text: sort

text: of

text: thing

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: will

text: do

text: when

text: he

text: is

text: left

text: to

text: his

text: own

text: designs

text: and

text: imagination

text: Even

text: strange

text: for

text: him

text: this

text: movie

text: involves

text: vampires

text: huge

text: monster

text: toads

text: and

text: drunk

text: monks

text: For

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: effects

text: puppets

text: were

text: used

text: including

text: very

text: creepy

text: realistic

text: dummy

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Drunk

text: Monk

text: The

text: fight

text: scenes

text: are

text: very

text: creative

text: and

text: show

text: off

text: Yuen

text: Woo

text: ping

text: 's

text: weird

text: sense

text: of

text: style

text: and

text: choreography

annotations: follows multiple

question: genre shaolin drunkard

answer: martial arts film

text: martial arts film

text: martial arts film

text: martial arts film


text: The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.

text: The

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: are

text: mountain

text: system

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: between

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: region

text: Qvirila River is a river of Georgia . It runs for 152 kilometres ( 94 mi ) . It is a left affluent of the Rioni River .

text: Qvirila

text: River

text: is

text: river

text: of

text: Georgia

text: It

text: runs

text: for

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: It

text: is

text: left

text: affluent

text: of

text: the

text: Rioni

text: River

text: The Rioni or Rion River ("Rioni", "Phasis") is the main river of western Georgia. It originates in the Caucasus Mountains, in the region of Racha and flows west to the Black Sea, entering it north of the city of Poti (near ancient Phasis). The city of Kutaisi, once the ancient city of Colchis, lies on its banks. It drains the western Transcaucasus into the Black Sea while its sister, the Kura River, drains the eastern Transcaucasus into the Caspian Sea.

text: The

text: Rioni

text: or

text: Rion

text: River

text: Rioni

text: Phasis

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: river

text: of

text: western

text: Georgia

text: It

text: originates

text: in

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Racha

text: and

text: flows

text: west

text: to

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: entering

text: it

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Poti

text: near

text: ancient

text: Phasis

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Kutaisi

text: once

text: the

text: ancient

text: city

text: of

text: Colchis

text: lies

text: on

text: its

text: banks

text: It

text: drains

text: the

text: western

text: Transcaucasus

text: into

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: while

text: its

text: sister

text: the

text: Kura

text: River

text: drains

text: the

text: eastern

text: Transcaucasus

text: into

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: The Black Sea is a body of water between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. It is supplied by a number of major rivers, such as the Danube, Dnieper, Rioni, Southern Bug, and Dniester. The Black Sea has an area of (not including the Sea of Azov), a maximum depth of , and a volume of . It is constrained by the Pontic Mountains to the south and by the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and features a wide shelf to the northwest. The longest east-west extent is about .

text: The

text: Black

text: Sea

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: between

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bounded

text: by

text: Bulgaria

text: Georgia

text: Romania

text: Russia

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: It

text: is

text: supplied

text: by

text: number

text: of

text: major

text: rivers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Danube

text: Dnieper

text: Rioni

text: Southern

text: Bug

text: and

text: Dniester

text: The

text: Black

text: Sea

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: not

text: including

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: maximum

text: depth

text: of

text: and

text: volume

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: constrained

text: by

text: the

text: Pontic

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: features

text: wide

text: shelf

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: The

text: longest

text: east

text: west

text: extent

text: is

text: about

question: continent qvirila river

answer: asia

text: asia


text: The qada (also spelled "qadah"; is originally an Arabic word Arabic: , plural "qa'id", ; that was passed to some other languages such as Persian:  or , "chakameh", in Turkish: "kaside") is an ancient Arabic word and form of writing poetry, often translated as ode, passed to other cultures after the Arab Muslim expansion. The word "qasidah" is still being used in its original birthplace, Arabia, and in all Arabic speaking countries.

text: The

text: qada

text: also

text: spelled

text: qadah

text: is

text: originally

text: an

text: Arabic

text: word

text: Arabic

text: plural

text: qa'id

text: that

text: was

text: passed

text: to

text: some

text: other

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: Persian

text: or

text: chakameh

text: in

text: Turkish

text: kaside

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: Arabic

text: word

text: and

text: form

text: of

text: writing

text: poetry

text: often

text: translated

text: as

text: ode

text: passed

text: to

text: other

text: cultures

text: after

text: the

text: Arab

text: Muslim

text: expansion

text: The

text: word

text: qasidah

text: is

text: still

text: being

text: used

text: in

text: its

text: original

text: birthplace

text: Arabia

text: and

text: in

text: all

text: Arabic

text: speaking

text: countries

text: The Silk Road or Silk Route was an ancient network of trade routes that were for centuries central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the East and West from China to the Mediterranean Sea.

text: The

text: Silk

text: Road

text: or

text: Silk

text: Route

text: was

text: an

text: ancient

text: network

text: of

text: trade

text: routes

text: that

text: were

text: for

text: centuries

text: central

text: to

text: cultural

text: interaction

text: through

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: connecting

text: the

text: East

text: and

text: West

text: from

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs , , ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as Eurasian sub-continent. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan.

text: The

text: Kazakhs

text: also

text: spelled

text: Kazaks

text: Qazaqs

text: the

text: English

text: name

text: is

text: transliterated

text: from

text: Russian

text: are

text: Turkic

text: people

text: who

text: mainly

text: inhabit

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: Ural

text: mountains

text: and

text: northern

text: parts

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: largely

text: Kazakhstan

text: but

text: also

text: found

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: China

text: Russia

text: and

text: Mongolia

text: the

text: region

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Eurasian

text: sub

text: continent

text: Kazakh

text: identity

text: is

text: of

text: medieval

text: origin

text: and

text: was

text: strongly

text: shaped

text: by

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: the

text: Kazakh

text: Khanate

text: between

text: and

text: when

text: several

text: tribes

text: under

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: sultans

text: Zhanibek

text: and

text: Kerey

text: departed

text: from

text: the

text: Khanate

text: of

text: Abu'l

text: Khayr

text: Khan

text: An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province or state. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet period as Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, or ASSRs.

text: An

text: autonomous

text: republic

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: similar

text: to

text: province

text: or

text: state

text: significant

text: number

text: of

text: autonomous

text: republics

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: within

text: the

text: successor

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: but

text: the

text: majority

text: are

text: located

text: within

text: Russia

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: republics

text: were

text: established

text: during

text: the

text: Soviet

text: period

text: as

text: Autonomous

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: or

text: ASSRs

text: Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.

text: Iran

text: also

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Persia

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iran

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: by

text: Armenia

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: Nagorno

text: Karabakh

text: Republic

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: by

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Iraq

text: Comprising

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Iran

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: with

text: both

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: and

text: an

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: coastline

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: central

text: location

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Hormuz

text: make

text: it

text: of

text: great

text: geostrategic

text: importance

text: Tehran

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: leading

text: economic

text: center

text: Tajikistan (, or ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ("Çumhuriji Toçikiston"), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

text: Tajikistan

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: Çumhuriji

text: Toçikiston

text: is

text: mountainous

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Pakistan

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: separated

text: by

text: the

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: Traditional

text: homelands

text: of

text: Tajik

text: people

text: included

text: present

text: day

text: Tajikistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: Tajik or Tajiki (Tajik:  , , also called Tajiki Persian (Tajik:  )) is the variety of Persian spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is closely related to Dari Persian. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Tajik has been considered by a number of writers and researchers to be a variety of Persian (Halimov 1974: 3031, Oafforov 1979: 33). The popularity of this conception of Tajik as a variety of Persian was such that, during the period in which Tajik intellectuals were trying to establish Tajik as a language separate from Persian, Sadriddin Ayni, who was a prominent intellectual and educator, had to make a statement that Tajik was not a bastardized dialect of Persian. The issue of whether Tajik and Persian are to be considered two dialects of a single language or two discrete languages has political sides to it (see Perry 1996). Today Tajik is recognized as a West-Iranian language.

text: Tajik

text: or

text: Tajiki

text: Tajik

text: also

text: called

text: Tajiki

text: Persian

text: Tajik

text: is

text: the

text: variety

text: of

text: Persian

text: spoken

text: in

text: Tajikistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: It

text: is

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: Dari

text: Persian

text: Since

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: Tajik

text: has

text: been

text: considered

text: by

text: number

text: of

text: writers

text: and

text: researchers

text: to

text: be

text: variety

text: of

text: Persian

text: Halimov

text: Oafforov

text: The

text: popularity

text: of

text: this

text: conception

text: of

text: Tajik

text: as

text: variety

text: of

text: Persian

text: was

text: such

text: that

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: which

text: Tajik

text: intellectuals

text: were

text: trying

text: to

text: establish

text: Tajik

text: as

text: language

text: separate

text: from

text: Persian

text: Sadriddin

text: Ayni

text: who

text: was

text: prominent

text: intellectual

text: and

text: educator

text: had

text: to

text: make

text: statement

text: that

text: Tajik

text: was

text: not

text: bastardized

text: dialect

text: of

text: Persian

text: The

text: issue

text: of

text: whether

text: Tajik

text: and

text: Persian

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: considered

text: two

text: dialects

text: of

text: single

text: language

text: or

text: two

text: discrete

text: languages

text: has

text: political

text: sides

text: to

text: it

text: see

text: Perry

text: Today

text: Tajik

text: is

text: recognized

text: as

text: West

text: Iranian

text: language

text: Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , "Afnistn"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world.

text: Afghanistan

text: Pashto

text: Dari

text: Afnistn

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: located

text: within

text: South

text: Asia

text: and

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Pakistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: Iran

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Turkmenistan

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: Its

text: territory

text: covers

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Turkmenistan (or  ); formerly known as Turkmenia is a country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

text: Turkmenistan

text: or

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Turkmenia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: bordered

text: by

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kyrgyzstan (; "Kyrgyzstan"), officially the Kyrgyz Republic ("Krgz Respublikas"; "Kyrgyzskaya Respublika"), formerly known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west and southwest, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east. Its capital and largest city is Bishkek.

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: officially

text: the

text: Kyrgyz

text: Republic

text: Krgz

text: Respublikas

text: Kyrgyzskaya

text: Respublika

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Kirghizia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: Landlocked

text: and

text: mountainous

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: southwest

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bishkek

text: Arabic (' or ' ) is a Central Semitic language that was first spoken in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the "lingua franca" of the Arab world. Arabic also is a liturgical language of 1.7 billion Muslims. It is one of six official languages of the United Nations. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, and from northwestern Arabia to the Sinai in the south.

text: Arabic

text: or

text: is

text: Central

text: Semitic

text: language

text: that

text: was

text: first

text: spoken

text: in

text: Iron

text: Age

text: northwestern

text: Arabia

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: Arabic

text: also

text: is

text: liturgical

text: language

text: of

text: billion

text: Muslims

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: six

text: official

text: languages

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Arabs

text: term

text: initially

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: peoples

text: living

text: from

text: Mesopotamia

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: to

text: the

text: Anti

text: Lebanon

text: mountains

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: from

text: northwestern

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: Sinai

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: The ghazal (Arabic/Persian/Urdu: ) is a poetic form with rhyming couplets and a refrain, each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in Arabic poetry in Arabia long before the birth of Islam. It is derived from the Arabian panegyric "qasida". The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content, it is a genre that has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation.

text: The

text: ghazal

text: Arabic

text: Persian

text: Urdu

text: is

text: poetic

text: form

text: with

text: rhyming

text: couplets

text: and

text: refrain

text: each

text: line

text: sharing

text: the

text: same

text: meter

text: ghazal

text: may

text: be

text: understood

text: as

text: poetic

text: expression

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: pain

text: of

text: loss

text: or

text: separation

text: and

text: the

text: beauty

text: of

text: love

text: in

text: spite

text: of

text: that

text: pain

text: The

text: form

text: is

text: ancient

text: originating

text: in

text: Arabic

text: poetry

text: in

text: Arabia

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: Islam

text: It

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Arabian

text: panegyric

text: qasida

text: The

text: structural

text: requirements

text: of

text: the

text: ghazal

text: are

text: similar

text: in

text: stringency

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: Petrarchan

text: sonnet

text: In

text: style

text: and

text: content

text: it

text: is

text: genre

text: that

text: has

text: proved

text: capable

text: of

text: an

text: extraordinary

text: variety

text: of

text: expression

text: around

text: its

text: central

text: themes

text: of

text: love

text: and

text: separation

text: A province is almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman "provincia", which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries, and in those with no actual provinces, it has come to mean "outside the capital city". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of federal authority, especially in Canada. In other countries, like China, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.

text: province

text: is

text: almost

text: always

text: an

text: administrative

text: division

text: within

text: country

text: or

text: state

text: The

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: provincia

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: major

text: territorial

text: and

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: 's

text: territorial

text: possessions

text: outside

text: Italy

text: The

text: term

text: province

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: adopted

text: by

text: many

text: countries

text: and

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: no

text: actual

text: provinces

text: it

text: has

text: come

text: to

text: mean

text: outside

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: While

text: some

text: provinces

text: were

text: produced

text: artificially

text: by

text: colonial

text: powers

text: others

text: were

text: formed

text: around

text: local

text: groups

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: ethnic

text: identities

text: Many

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: powers

text: independent

text: of

text: federal

text: authority

text: especially

text: in

text: Canada

text: In

text: other

text: countries

text: like

text: China

text: provinces

text: are

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: central

text: government

text: with

text: very

text: little

text: autonomy

text: Sogdia (New Persian: , "soghd") or Sogdiana was the ancient Indo-European civilization of an Iranian people that at different times included territory located in present-day Tajikistan and Uzbekistan such as: Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Panjikent and Shahrisabz. Sogdiana was also a province of the Achaemenid Empire, eighteenth in the list on the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great (i. 16). In the Avesta, Sogdiana is listed as the second best land that the supreme deity Ahura Mazda had created. It comes second, after Airyanem Vaejah, "homeland of the Aryans", in the Zoroastrian book of Vendidad, indicating the importance of this region from ancient times. Sogdiana was conquered by the Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great in 328 BC and later formed part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and Sasanian Empire.

text: Sogdia

text: New

text: Persian

text: soghd

text: or

text: Sogdiana

text: was

text: the

text: ancient

text: Indo

text: European

text: civilization

text: of

text: an

text: Iranian

text: people

text: that

text: at

text: different

text: times

text: included

text: territory

text: located

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: Tajikistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: such

text: as

text: Samarkand

text: Bukhara

text: Khujand

text: Panjikent

text: and

text: Shahrisabz

text: Sogdiana

text: was

text: also

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: Empire

text: eighteenth

text: in

text: the

text: list

text: on

text: the

text: Behistun

text: Inscription

text: of

text: Darius

text: the

text: Great

text: In

text: the

text: Avesta

text: Sogdiana

text: is

text: listed

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: best

text: land

text: that

text: the

text: supreme

text: deity

text: Ahura

text: Mazda

text: had

text: created

text: It

text: comes

text: second

text: after

text: Airyanem

text: Vaejah

text: homeland

text: of

text: the

text: Aryans

text: in

text: the

text: Zoroastrian

text: book

text: of

text: Vendidad

text: indicating

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: this

text: region

text: from

text: ancient

text: times

text: Sogdiana

text: was

text: conquered

text: by

text: the

text: Macedonian

text: ruler

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: later

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Greco

text: Bactrian

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Sasanian

text: Empire

text: Urdu ( or Modern Standard Urdu) is a standardised register of the Hindustani language. It is the and "lingua franca" of Pakistan, and an official language of six states of India. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India. Hyderabad, Rampur, Badayun, Bhopal and Lucknow are noted Urdu-speaking cities of India.

text: Urdu

text: or

text: Modern

text: Standard

text: Urdu

text: is

text: standardised

text: register

text: of

text: the

text: Hindustani

text: language

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: and

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: six

text: states

text: of

text: India

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: official

text: languages

text: recognized

text: in

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: India

text: Hyderabad

text: Rampur

text: Badayun

text: Bhopal

text: and

text: Lucknow

text: are

text: noted

text: Urdu

text: speaking

text: cities

text: of

text: India

text: Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia. It is a unitary, constitutional, presidential republic, comprising twelve provinces, one autonomous republic and a capital city. Uzbekistan is bordered by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.

text: Uzbekistan

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: is

text: doubly

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: constitutional

text: presidential

text: republic

text: comprising

text: twelve

text: provinces

text: one

text: autonomous

text: republic

text: and

text: capital

text: city

text: Uzbekistan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: five

text: landlocked

text: countries

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Central Asia or Middle Asia is the core region of the Asian continent and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north. It is also colloquially referred to as "the 'stans" (as the six countries generally considered to be within the region all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan", meaning "land of") and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent.

text: Central

text: Asia

text: or

text: Middle

text: Asia

text: is

text: the

text: core

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: and

text: stretches

text: from

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: from

text: Afghanistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: to

text: Russia

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: colloquially

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: stans

text: as

text: the

text: six

text: countries

text: generally

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: within

text: the

text: region

text: all

text: have

text: names

text: ending

text: with

text: the

text: Persian

text: suffix

text: -stan

text: meaning

text: land

text: of

text: and

text: is

text: within

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: wider

text: Eurasian

text: continent

text: Mulla Abdulkarim Sipandi Samarqandi ( 1829 - 1909 ) was a Tajik bilingual poet . He lived in Samarkand , in current - day Uzbekistan . His work consists of ghazal , qit'a , mukhammas , and ruba'i , which were written in the Tajik language . Samarkandi also wrote Hajvi kali Ibrahim .

text: Mulla

text: Abdulkarim

text: Sipandi

text: Samarqandi

text: was

text: Tajik

text: bilingual

text: poet

text: He

text: lived

text: in

text: Samarkand

text: in

text: current

text: day

text: Uzbekistan

text: His

text: work

text: consists

text: of

text: ghazal

text: qit'a

text: mukhammas

text: and

text: ruba'i

text: which

text: were

text: written

text: in

text: the

text: Tajik

text: language

text: Samarkandi

text: also

text: wrote

text: Hajvi

text: kali

text: Ibrahim

text: Samarkand (from Sogdian: "Stone Fort" or "Rock Town" ; Cyrillic/), alternatively Samarqand or Samarcand, is a city in modern-day Uzbekistan and is one of the oldest inhabited cities in Central Asia. There is evidence of human activity in the area of the city from the late Paleolithic era, though there is no direct evidence of when exactly Samarkand proper was founded; some theories are that it was founded between the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Prospering from its location on the Silk Road between China and the Mediterranean, at times Samarkand was one of the greatest cities of Central Asia.

text: Samarkand

text: from

text: Sogdian

text: Stone

text: Fort

text: or

text: Rock

text: Town

text: Cyrillic/

text: alternatively

text: Samarqand

text: or

text: Samarcand

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: inhabited

text: cities

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: There

text: is

text: evidence

text: of

text: human

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: Paleolithic

text: era

text: though

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: direct

text: evidence

text: of

text: when

text: exactly

text: Samarkand

text: proper

text: was

text: founded

text: some

text: theories

text: are

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: founded

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: BC

text: Prospering

text: from

text: its

text: location

text: on

text: the

text: Silk

text: Road

text: between

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: at

text: times

text: Samarkand

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: cities

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: Sadriddin Ayni (Tajik:  , Persian:  , also Sadriddin Aini; 27 April 1878 - 15 July 1954) was a Tajik intellectual who wrote poetry, fiction, journalism, history and lexicography. He is regarded as Tajikistan's national poet and one of the most important writers in the country's history.

text: Sadriddin

text: Ayni

text: Tajik

text: Persian

text: also

text: Sadriddin

text: Aini

text: April

text: July

text: was

text: Tajik

text: intellectual

text: who

text: wrote

text: poetry

text: fiction

text: journalism

text: history

text: and

text: lexicography

text: He

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: Tajikistan

text: 's

text: national

text: poet

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: writers

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: history

text: A poet is a person who writes poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be a writer of poetry, or may perform their art to an audience.

text: poet

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: writes

text: poetry

text: Poets

text: may

text: describe

text: themselves

text: as

text: such

text: or

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: such

text: by

text: others

text: poet

text: may

text: simply

text: be

text: writer

text: of

text: poetry

text: or

text: may

text: perform

text: their

text: art

text: to

text: an

text: audience

text: Kazakhstan ( "Qazaqstan",  "Kazakhstan"), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan ("Qazaqstan Respwblïkas" "Respublika Kazakhstan"), is a transcontinental country in northern Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of . Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.

text: Kazakhstan

text: Qazaqstan

text: Kazakhstan

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: Qazaqstan

text: Respwblïkas

text: Respublika

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: in

text: northern

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: landlocked

text: country

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: the

text: dominant

text: nation

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: economically

text: generating

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: GDP

text: primarily

text: through

text: its

text: oil

text: gas

text: industry

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: vast

text: mineral

text: resources

annotations: likely single

question: country_of_citizenship sipandi samarkandi

answer: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan

text: tajikistan