text: Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: "RS"), is a nation state in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It covers and has a population of 2.06 million. It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.

text: Slovenia

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Slovenia

text: Slovene

text: abbr

text: RS

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: southern

text: Central

text: Europe

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: main

text: European

text: cultural

text: and

text: trade

text: routes

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Italy

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Hungary

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: It

text: covers

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: It

text: is

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: and

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: NATO

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Ljubljana

text: The Rosengartenspitze ( Italian Cima Catinaccio , Ladin Ciadenac ) is a mountain in the Dolomites in South Tyrol , Italy .

text: The

text: Rosengartenspitze

text: Italian

text: Cima

text: Catinaccio

text: Ladin

text: Ciadenac

text: is

text: mountain

text: in

text: the

text: Dolomites

text: in

text: South

text: Tyrol

text: Italy

text: Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as "lo Stivale" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.

text: Italy

text: officially

text: the

text: Italian

text: Republic

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Italy

text: shares

text: open

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: France

text: Switzerland

text: Austria

text: Slovenia

text: San

text: Marino

text: and

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Italy

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: climate

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: shape

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: Italy

text: as

text: lo

text: Stivale

text: the

text: Boot

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: EU

text: member

text: state

text: The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.

text: The

text: euro

text: sign

text: code

text: EUR

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: currency

text: of

text: the

text: eurozone

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Austria

text: Belgium

text: Cyprus

text: Estonia

text: Finland

text: France

text: Germany

text: Greece

text: Ireland

text: Italy

text: Latvia

text: Lithuania

text: Luxembourg

text: Malta

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Portugal

text: Slovakia

text: Slovenia

text: and

text: Spain

text: The

text: currency

text: is

text: also

text: officially

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: institutions

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: four

text: other

text: European

text: countries

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: unilaterally

text: by

text: two

text: others

text: and

text: is

text: consequently

text: used

text: daily

text: by

text: some

text: million

text: Europeans

text: Outside

text: of

text: Europe

text: number

text: of

text: overseas

text: territories

text: of

text: EU

text: members

text: also

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: as

text: their

text: currency

text: France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.

text: France

text: officially

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: is

text: country

text: with

text: territory

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: and

text: several

text: overseas

text: regions

text: and

text: territories

text: The

text: European

text: or

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: France

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: Rhine

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Overseas

text: France

text: include

text: French

text: Guiana

text: on

text: the

text: South

text: American

text: continent

text: and

text: several

text: island

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Pacific

text: and

text: Indian

text: oceans

text: France

text: spans

text: and

text: had

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: almost

text: million

text: people

text: as

text: of

text: January

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: semi

text: presidential

text: republic

text: with

text: the

text: capital

text: in

text: Paris

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: main

text: cultural

text: and

text: commercial

text: centre

text: Other

text: major

text: urban

text: centres

text: include

text: Marseille

text: Lyon

text: Lille

text: Nice

text: Toulouse

text: and

text: Bordeaux

text: San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is an enclaved microstate surrounded by Italy, situated on the Italian Peninsula on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains. Its size is just over , with a population of 33,562. Its capital is the City of San Marino and its largest city is Dogana. San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.

text: San

text: Marino

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: San

text: Marino

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Most

text: Serene

text: Republic

text: of

text: San

text: Marino

text: is

text: an

text: enclaved

text: microstate

text: surrounded

text: by

text: Italy

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Italian

text: Peninsula

text: on

text: the

text: northeastern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Apennine

text: Mountains

text: Its

text: size

text: is

text: just

text: over

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: San

text: Marino

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Dogana

text: San

text: Marino

text: has

text: the

text: smallest

text: population

text: of

text: all

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Europe

text: The Mediterranean Sea (pronounced ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water.

text: The

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: pronounced

text: is

text: sea

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: and

text: almost

text: completely

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Southern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Anatolia

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: North

text: Africa

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Levant

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: although

text: it

text: is

text: usually

text: identified

text: as

text: separate

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: The Dolomites (; Ladin: "Dolomites" : ) are a mountain range located in northeastern Italy. They form a part of the Southern Limestone Alps and extend from the River Adige in the west to the Piave Valley (Pieve di Cadore) in the east. The northern and southern borders are defined by the Puster Valley and the Sugana Valley (Italian: Valsugana). The Dolomites are nearly equally shared between the provinces of Belluno, South Tyrol and Trentino.

text: The

text: Dolomites

text: Ladin

text: Dolomites

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: located

text: in

text: northeastern

text: Italy

text: They

text: form

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Limestone

text: Alps

text: and

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: River

text: Adige

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: the

text: Piave

text: Valley

text: Pieve

text: di

text: Cadore

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: The

text: northern

text: and

text: southern

text: borders

text: are

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: Puster

text: Valley

text: and

text: the

text: Sugana

text: Valley

text: Italian

text: Valsugana

text: The

text: Dolomites

text: are

text: nearly

text: equally

text: shared

text: between

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Belluno

text: South

text: Tyrol

text: and

text: Trentino

text:
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities.
The country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.

text: Switzerland

text: officially

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Confederation

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: cantons

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Bern

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: authorities

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: Western

text: Central

text: Europe

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Italy

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: France

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Austria

text: and

text: Liechtenstein

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Switzerland

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: geographically

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: Alps

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Plateau

text: and

text: the

text: Jura

text: spanning

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: While

text: the

text: Alps

text: occupy

text: the

text: greater

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: the

text: Swiss

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: eight

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: concentrated

text: mostly

text: on

text: the

text: plateau

text: where

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: among

text: them

text: are

text: the

text: two

text: global

text: cities

text: and

text: economic

text: centres

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Geneva

text: A mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is the climate typical of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin. The lands around the Mediterranean Sea form the largest area where this climate type is found, but it also is found in most of coastal California, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Central Asia, and in central Chile.

text: mediterranean

text: climate

text: or

text: dry

text: summer

text: climate

text: is

text: the

text: climate

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: lands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: The

text: lands

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: form

text: the

text: largest

text: area

text: where

text: this

text: climate

text: type

text: is

text: found

text: but

text: it

text: also

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: most

text: of

text: coastal

text: California

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Western

text: and

text: South

text: Australia

text: in

text: southwestern

text: South

text: Africa

text: sections

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: in

text: central

text: Chile

text: The Sugana Valley is one of the most important valleys in the autonomous province of Trentino in Northern Italy. Leading into the Alps' foothills, an important main north-south Roman road, the Via Claudia Augusta, one of Europe's main roads since its construction in Antiquity, winds along the valley and connects the Adriatic with the historic Holy Roman Empire and Frankish kingdom's centre of Augsburg.

text: The

text: Sugana

text: Valley

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: valleys

text: in

text: the

text: autonomous

text: province

text: of

text: Trentino

text: in

text: Northern

text: Italy

text: Leading

text: into

text: the

text: Alps

text: foothills

text: an

text: important

text: main

text: north

text: south

text: Roman

text: road

text: the

text: Via

text: Claudia

text: Augusta

text: one

text: of

text: Europe

text: 's

text: main

text: roads

text: since

text: its

text: construction

text: in

text: Antiquity

text: winds

text: along

text: the

text: valley

text: and

text: connects

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: with

text: the

text: historic

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: Frankish

text: kingdom

text: 's

text: centre

text: of

text: Augsburg

question: continent rosengartenspitze

answer: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe

text: europe


text: Harihara I   (13361356 CE), also called Hakka  and "Vira Harihara I", was the founder of the Vijayanagara empire. He was Bhavana Sangamas eldest son and was founder of the Sangama dynasty, the first among the four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara.

text: Harihara

text: CE

text: also

text: called

text: Hakka

text: and

text: Vira

text: Harihara

text: was

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: empire

text: He

text: was

text: Bhavana

text: Sangamas

text: eldest

text: son

text: and

text: was

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Sangama

text: dynasty

text: the

text: first

text: among

text: the

text: four

text: dynasties

text: that

text: ruled

text: Vijayanagara

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: Karnataka (IPA:) is a state in south western region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed "Karnataka" in 1973. The capital and largest city is Bangalore (Bengaluru). Karnataka is bordered by the Arabian Sea and the Laccadive Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the northeast, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. The state covers an area of , or 5.83 percent of the total geographical area of India. It is the seventh largest Indian state by area. With 61,130,704 inhabitants at the 2011 census, Karnataka is the eighth largest state by population, comprising 30 districts. Kannada, one of the classical languages of India, is the most widely spoken and official language of the state.

text: Karnataka

text: IPA

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: south

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: India

text: It

text: was

text: formed

text: on

text: November

text: with

text: the

text: passage

text: of

text: the

text: States

text: Reorganisation

text: Act

text: Originally

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Mysore

text: it

text: was

text: renamed

text: Karnataka

text: in

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bangalore

text: Bengaluru

text: Karnataka

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Laccadive

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Goa

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Maharashtra

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Telangana

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: Kerala

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: The

text: state

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: or

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: geographical

text: area

text: of

text: India

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: Indian

text: state

text: by

text: area

text: With

text: inhabitants

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: Karnataka

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: state

text: by

text: population

text: comprising

text: districts

text: Kannada

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: classical

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: and

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: Hiriya Kempe Gowda , well known as Kempe Gowda I , was a feudatory ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire . The city of Bengaluru ( Bangalore ) itself was established by Kempe Gowda in 1537 , as the capital of his erstwhile kingdom . He is considered to be the founder of Bengaluru , currently the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka . Kempe Gowda was one of the well educated and successful rulers of his time . Being a successor of Kempananje Gowda , descendants of Gowda lineage started as Yelahankanadu Prabhus ( ruler of Yelhankanadu ) . The Yelahankanadu Prabhus were Gowdas or tillers of the land . They belonged to the hosadevru sect of the Vokkaliga community ; the ancestors of them were migrants . Fourth in succession from Rana Bhairave Gowda , founder of the dynasty of Avati Nadu Prabhus and great grandson of Jaya Gowda , who established separate dynasty , is the famous Yelahanka Nadu Prabhus , Kempe Gowda I who ruled for 46 years commencing his reign from 1513 . Jaya Gowda accepted the sovereignty of the Vijayanagar emperor . He later left Yelankanadu and was successful in planning and building Bengaluru Fort and Bengaluru Pete , the origins of the current city of Bengaluru . He is also noted for his societal reforms and contribution to building temples and water reservoirs in Bengaluru .

text: Hiriya

text: Kempe

text: Gowda

text: well

text: known

text: as

text: Kempe

text: Gowda

text: was

text: feudatory

text: ruler

text: under

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Bengaluru

text: Bangalore

text: itself

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Kempe

text: Gowda

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: his

text: erstwhile

text: kingdom

text: He

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: Bengaluru

text: currently

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Karnataka

text: Kempe

text: Gowda

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: well

text: educated

text: and

text: successful

text: rulers

text: of

text: his

text: time

text: Being

text: successor

text: of

text: Kempananje

text: Gowda

text: descendants

text: of

text: Gowda

text: lineage

text: started

text: as

text: Yelahankanadu

text: Prabhus

text: ruler

text: of

text: Yelhankanadu

text: The

text: Yelahankanadu

text: Prabhus

text: were

text: Gowdas

text: or

text: tillers

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: They

text: belonged

text: to

text: the

text: hosadevru

text: sect

text: of

text: the

text: Vokkaliga

text: community

text: the

text: ancestors

text: of

text: them

text: were

text: migrants

text: Fourth

text: in

text: succession

text: from

text: Rana

text: Bhairave

text: Gowda

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: dynasty

text: of

text: Avati

text: Nadu

text: Prabhus

text: and

text: great

text: grandson

text: of

text: Jaya

text: Gowda

text: who

text: established

text: separate

text: dynasty

text: is

text: the

text: famous

text: Yelahanka

text: Nadu

text: Prabhus

text: Kempe

text: Gowda

text: who

text: ruled

text: for

text: years

text: commencing

text: his

text: reign

text: from

text: Jaya

text: Gowda

text: accepted

text: the

text: sovereignty

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagar

text: emperor

text: He

text: later

text: left

text: Yelankanadu

text: and

text: was

text: successful

text: in

text: planning

text: and

text: building

text: Bengaluru

text: Fort

text: and

text: Bengaluru

text: Pete

text: the

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: city

text: of

text: Bengaluru

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: noted

text: for

text: his

text: societal

text: reforms

text: and

text: contribution

text: to

text: building

text: temples

text: and

text: water

text: reservoirs

text: in

text: Bengaluru

text: Bukka (13561377 CE) (also known as Bukka Raya I) was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from the Sangama Dynasty.

text: Bukka

text: CE

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Bukka

text: Raya

text: was

text: an

text: emperor

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: from

text: the

text: Sangama

text: Dynasty

text: Kannada ('), also known as Canarese or Kanarese , is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Kannada people in India, mainly in the state of Karnataka, and by linguistic minorities in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Kerala, and Goa. The language has roughly 40 million native speakers who are called Kannadigas, and a total of 50.8 million speakers according to a 2001 census. It is one of the scheduled languages of India and the official and administrative language of the state of Karnataka.

text: Kannada

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Canarese

text: or

text: Kanarese

text: is

text: Dravidian

text: language

text: spoken

text: predominantly

text: by

text: Kannada

text: people

text: in

text: India

text: mainly

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Karnataka

text: and

text: by

text: linguistic

text: minorities

text: in

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: Telangana

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: Maharashtra

text: Kerala

text: and

text: Goa

text: The

text: language

text: has

text: roughly

text: million

text: native

text: speakers

text: who

text: are

text: called

text: Kannadigas

text: and

text: total

text: of

text: million

text: speakers

text: according

text: to

text: census

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: scheduled

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: official

text: and

text: administrative

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Karnataka

text: Andhra Pradesh() is one of the 29 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of the country. The state is the eighth largest state in India covering an area of . As per 2011 Census of India, the state is tenth largest by population with 49,386,799 inhabitants.

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: India

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: southeastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: state

text: in

text: India

text: covering

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: As

text: per

text: Census

text: of

text: India

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: tenth

text: largest

text: by

text: population

text: with

text: inhabitants

text: The Vijayanagara Empire (also called Karnata Empire, and the Kingdom of Bisnegar by the Portuguese) was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. It lasted until 1646, although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surround present day Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India. The writings of medieval European travelers such as Domingo Paes, Fernão Nunes, and Niccolò Da Conti, and the literature in local languages provide crucial information about its history. Archaeological excavations at Vijayanagara have revealed the empire's power and wealth.

text: The

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: also

text: called

text: Karnata

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bisnegar

text: by

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: was

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: Deccan

text: Plateau

text: region

text: in

text: South

text: India

text: It

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: by

text: Harihara

text: and

text: his

text: brother

text: Bukka

text: Raya

text: of

text: Sangama

text: Dynasty

text: The

text: empire

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: as

text: culmination

text: of

text: attempts

text: by

text: the

text: southern

text: powers

text: to

text: ward

text: off

text: Islamic

text: invasions

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: lasted

text: until

text: although

text: its

text: power

text: declined

text: after

text: major

text: military

text: defeat

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Deccan

text: sultanates

text: The

text: empire

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: its

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Vijayanagara

text: whose

text: ruins

text: surround

text: present

text: day

text: Hampi

text: now

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: in

text: Karnataka

text: India

text: The

text: writings

text: of

text: medieval

text: European

text: travelers

text: such

text: as

text: Domingo

text: Paes

text: Fernão

text: Nunes

text: and

text: Niccolò

text: Da

text: Conti

text: and

text: the

text: literature

text: in

text: local

text: languages

text: provide

text: crucial

text: information

text: about

text: its

text: history

text: Archaeological

text: excavations

text: at

text: Vijayanagara

text: have

text: revealed

text: the

text: empire

text: 's

text: power

text: and

text: wealth

text: The Laccadive Sea or Lakshadweep Sea is a body of water bordering India (including its Lakshadweep islands), the Maldives, and Sri Lanka. It is located to the west of Kerala. This warm sea has a stable water temperature through the year and is rich in marine life, with the Gulf of Mannar alone hosting about 3,600 species. Trivandrum, Kochi, Colombo, Quilon and Malé are the major cities on the shore of the Laccadive Sea.

text: The

text: Laccadive

text: Sea

text: or

text: Lakshadweep

text: Sea

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: bordering

text: India

text: including

text: its

text: Lakshadweep

text: islands

text: the

text: Maldives

text: and

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: Kerala

text: This

text: warm

text: sea

text: has

text: stable

text: water

text: temperature

text: through

text: the

text: year

text: and

text: is

text: rich

text: in

text: marine

text: life

text: with

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mannar

text: alone

text: hosting

text: about

text: species

text: Trivandrum

text: Kochi

text: Colombo

text: Quilon

text: and

text: Malé

text: are

text: the

text: major

text: cities

text: on

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Laccadive

text: Sea

text: South India is the area encompassing the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Telangana as well as the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area. Covering the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau, South India is bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south. The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges - the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Coimbatore and Kochi are the largest urban areas.

text: South

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: area

text: encompassing

text: the

text: Indian

text: states

text: of

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: Karnataka

text: Kerala

text: and

text: Telangana

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: union

text: territories

text: of

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Lakshadweep

text: and

text: Puducherry

text: occupying

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: area

text: Covering

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: peninsular

text: Deccan

text: Plateau

text: South

text: India

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: geography

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: is

text: diverse

text: with

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Western

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Ghats

text: bordering

text: the

text: plateau

text: heartland

text: Godavari

text: Krishna

text: Kaveri

text: Tungabhadra

text: and

text: Vaigai

text: rivers

text: are

text: important

text: non

text: perennial

text: sources

text: of

text: water

text: Bangalore

text: Chennai

text: Hyderabad

text: Visakhapatnam

text: Vijayawada

text: Coimbatore

text: and

text: Kochi

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: urban

text: areas

text: Hampi ("Hampe") is a village and temple town recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed as the "Group of Monuments at Hampi". in northern Karnataka, India. It was one of the richest and largest cities in the world during its prime. It is located within the ruins of the city of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire. Predating the city of Vijayanagara, Hampi continues to be an important religious centre, housing the Virupaksha Temple and several other monuments belonging to the old city. According to statistics of 2014, Hampi is the most searched historical place in Karnataka on Google. The empire boasted a massive army comprising close to two million men. In around 1500 AD Vijaynagar had about 500,000 inhabitants (supporting 0.1% of the global population during 1440-1540), making it the second largest city in the world after Beijing and almost thrice the size of Paris.

text: Hampi

text: Hampe

text: is

text: village

text: and

text: temple

text: town

text: recognised

text: as

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: listed

text: as

text: the

text: Group

text: of

text: Monuments

text: at

text: Hampi

text: in

text: northern

text: Karnataka

text: India

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: richest

text: and

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: during

text: its

text: prime

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: ruins

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Vijayanagara

text: the

text: former

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: Predating

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Vijayanagara

text: Hampi

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: important

text: religious

text: centre

text: housing

text: the

text: Virupaksha

text: Temple

text: and

text: several

text: other

text: monuments

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: old

text: city

text: According

text: to

text: statistics

text: of

text: Hampi

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: searched

text: historical

text: place

text: in

text: Karnataka

text: on

text: Google

text: The

text: empire

text: boasted

text: massive

text: army

text: comprising

text: close

text: to

text: two

text: million

text: men

text: In

text: around

text: AD

text: Vijaynagar

text: had

text: about

text: inhabitants

text: supporting

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: during

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: Beijing

text: and

text: almost

text: thrice

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Paris

text: The Deccan sultanates were five dynasties of various ethnic backgrounds (Afghan, Turk, Mongol etc.) that ruled late medieval kingdoms, namely, Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, and Berar in south-western India. The Deccan sultanates were located on the Deccan Plateau, between the Krishna River and the Vindhya Range. These kingdoms became independent during the break-up of the Bahmani Sultanate. In 1490, Ahmadnagar declared independence, followed by Bijapur and Berar in the same year. Golkonda became independent in 1518 and Bidar in 1528. In 1510, Bijapur repulsed an invasion by the Portuguese against the city of Goa, but lost it later that year.

text: The

text: Deccan

text: sultanates

text: were

text: five

text: dynasties

text: of

text: various

text: ethnic

text: backgrounds

text: Afghan

text: Turk

text: Mongol

text: etc

text: that

text: ruled

text: late

text: medieval

text: kingdoms

text: namely

text: Bijapur

text: Golkonda

text: Ahmadnagar

text: Bidar

text: and

text: Berar

text: in

text: south

text: western

text: India

text: The

text: Deccan

text: sultanates

text: were

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Deccan

text: Plateau

text: between

text: the

text: Krishna

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: Vindhya

text: Range

text: These

text: kingdoms

text: became

text: independent

text: during

text: the

text: break

text: up

text: of

text: the

text: Bahmani

text: Sultanate

text: In

text: Ahmadnagar

text: declared

text: independence

text: followed

text: by

text: Bijapur

text: and

text: Berar

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: Golkonda

text: became

text: independent

text: in

text: and

text: Bidar

text: in

text: In

text: Bijapur

text: repulsed

text: an

text: invasion

text: by

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: against

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Goa

text: but

text: lost

text: it

text: later

text: that

text: year

text: Kerala, historically known as Keralam, is an Indian state in South India on the Malabar coast. It was formed on 1 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act by combining Malayalam-speaking regions. Spread over , it is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33,387,677 inhabitants as per the 2011 Census, Kerala is the thirteenth-largest state by population and is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.

text: Kerala

text: historically

text: known

text: as

text: Keralam

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: state

text: in

text: South

text: India

text: on

text: the

text: Malabar

text: coast

text: It

text: was

text: formed

text: on

text: November

text: following

text: the

text: States

text: Reorganisation

text: Act

text: by

text: combining

text: Malayalam

text: speaking

text: regions

text: Spread

text: over

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Karnataka

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Lakshadweep

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: With

text: inhabitants

text: as

text: per

text: the

text: Census

text: Kerala

text: is

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: largest

text: state

text: by

text: population

text: and

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: districts

text: with

text: the

text: capital

text: being

text: Thiruvananthapuram

text: Malayalam

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: language

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: Domingos Paes (16th century) was a Portuguese traveller who visited the Vijayanagara Empire around the year 1520. His account of the capital Vijayanagara (Hampi) is the most detailed of all historic descriptions of this ancient city.

text: Domingos

text: Paes

text: century

text: was

text: Portuguese

text: traveller

text: who

text: visited

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: around

text: the

text: year

text: His

text: account

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: Vijayanagara

text: Hampi

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: detailed

text: of

text: all

text: historic

text: descriptions

text: of

text: this

text: ancient

text: city

text: Mysore, officially renamed as Mysuru, is the second most populous and also the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, India. Located at the base of the Chamundi Hills about southwest of the state capital Bengaluru, it is spread across an area of . According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census of India, the population is 887,446. Mysore City Corporation is responsible for the civic administration of the city, which is also the headquarters of the Mysore district and the Mysore division.

text: Mysore

text: officially

text: renamed

text: as

text: Mysuru

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Karnataka

text: India

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: Chamundi

text: Hills

text: about

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: Bengaluru

text: it

text: is

text: spread

text: across

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: provisional

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: national

text: census

text: of

text: India

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: Mysore

text: City

text: Corporation

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: civic

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Mysore

text: district

text: and

text: the

text: Mysore

text: division

text:
Fernão Nunes, also known as Fernao Nuniz, was a Portuguese traveler, chronicler and horse trader who spent three years in Vijayanagara, capital of the Vijayanagara Empire in the time period 1535-1537 CE.
His writings have brought to light many interesting details about Vijayanagara at that time, including construction of massive fortification works, watch towers and security walls. From his notes it is known that the expansion of the regal capital limits happened during the rule of King Bukka Raya II and Deva Raya I.

text: Fernão

text: Nunes

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Fernao

text: Nuniz

text: was

text: Portuguese

text: traveler

text: chronicler

text: and

text: horse

text: trader

text: who

text: spent

text: three

text: years

text: in

text: Vijayanagara

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: in

text: the

text: time

text: period

text: CE

text: His

text: writings

text: have

text: brought

text: to

text: light

text: many

text: interesting

text: details

text: about

text: Vijayanagara

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: including

text: construction

text: of

text: massive

text: fortification

text: works

text: watch

text: towers

text: and

text: security

text: walls

text: From

text: his

text: notes

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: that

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: regal

text: capital

text: limits

text: happened

text: during

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: King

text: Bukka

text: Raya

text: II

text: and

text: Deva

text: Raya

text: Telangana is one of the 29 states in India, located in southern India. Telangana has an area of , and a population of 35,193,978 (2011 census). making it the twelfth largest state in India, and the twelfth most populated state in India. Its major cities include Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, Khammam, Karimnagar and Ramagundam. Telangana is bordered by the states of Maharashtra to the north and north west, Chhattisgarh to the north, Karnataka to the west and Andhra Pradesh to the east and south.

text: Telangana

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: in

text: India

text: located

text: in

text: southern

text: India

text: Telangana

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: census

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: twelfth

text: largest

text: state

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: twelfth

text: most

text: populated

text: state

text: in

text: India

text: Its

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hyderabad

text: Warangal

text: Nizamabad

text: Khammam

text: Karimnagar

text: and

text: Ramagundam

text: Telangana

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Maharashtra

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: north

text: west

text: Chhattisgarh

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Karnataka

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Tamil Nadu (English pronunciation:  ; ""; : ; literally 'The Land of Tamils' or 'Tamil Country') is one of the 29 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri, the Anamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south. The state shares a maritime border with the nation of Sri Lanka.

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: English

text: pronunciation

text: literally

text: The

text: Land

text: of

text: Tamils

text: or

text: Tamil

text: Country

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: India

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Chennai

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Madras

text: Tamil

text: Nadu

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: southernmost

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: union

text: territory

text: of

text: Puducherry

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Indian

text: states

text: of

text: Kerala

text: Karnataka

text: and

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Ghats

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: Nilgiri

text: the

text: Anamalai

text: Hills

text: and

text: Kerala

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mannar

text: and

text: the

text: Palk

text: Strait

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: state

text: shares

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: nation

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: Maharashtra (Marathi:  pronunciation: , abbr. MH) is a state in the western region of India and is India's third-largest state by area and is also the world's second-most populous sub-national entity. It has over 112 million inhabitants and its capital, Mumbai, has a population of approximately 18 million. Nagpur is Maharashtra's second capital as well as its winter capital. Maharashtra's business opportunities along with its potential to offer a higher standard of living attract migrants from all over India.

text: Maharashtra

text: Marathi

text: pronunciation

text: abbr

text: MH

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: is

text: India

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: state

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: sub

text: national

text: entity

text: It

text: has

text: over

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: Mumbai

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: Nagpur

text: is

text: Maharashtra

text: 's

text: second

text: capital

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: winter

text: capital

text: Maharashtra

text: 's

text: business

text: opportunities

text: along

text: with

text: its

text: potential

text: to

text: offer

text: higher

text: standard

text: of

text: living

text: attract

text: migrants

text: from

text: all

text: over

text: India

question: date_of_birth kempe gowda i

answer: 1510