text: John Strachan ( 1862 -- 1907 ) was a scholar of Sanskrit , Ancient Greek and the Celtic languages . He was a professor at Owens College and the Victoria University of Manchester . He is best remembered for the Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus , a collection of material in Old Irish that he edited together with Whitley Stokes , and for the textbook Old Irish Paradigms and Selections from the Old Irish Glosses , first published in 1904 -- 05 and later revised by Osborn Bergin . Both of these works are still in print .

text: John

text: Strachan

text: was

text: scholar

text: of

text: Sanskrit

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: and

text: the

text: Celtic

text: languages

text: He

text: was

text: professor

text: at

text: Owens

text: College

text: and

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: remembered

text: for

text: the

text: Thesaurus

text: Palaeohibernicus

text: collection

text: of

text: material

text: in

text: Old

text: Irish

text: that

text: he

text: edited

text: together

text: with

text: Whitley

text: Stokes

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: textbook

text: Old

text: Irish

text: Paradigms

text: and

text: Selections

text: from

text: the

text: Old

text: Irish

text: Glosses

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: and

text: later

text: revised

text: by

text: Osborn

text: Bergin

text: Both

text: of

text: these

text: works

text: are

text: still

text: in

text: print

text: Irish, also referred to as Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is spoken as a first language by a small minority of Irish people, and as a second language by a rather larger group of non-native speakers. Irish enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland, and is an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland. It is also among the official languages of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island of Ireland.

text: Irish

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Gaelic

text: or

text: Irish

text: Gaelic

text: is

text: Goidelic

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: originating

text: in

text: Ireland

text: and

text: historically

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: Irish

text: people

text: Irish

text: is

text: spoken

text: as

text: first

text: language

text: by

text: small

text: minority

text: of

text: Irish

text: people

text: and

text: as

text: second

text: language

text: by

text: rather

text: larger

text: group

text: of

text: non

text: native

text: speakers

text: Irish

text: enjoys

text: constitutional

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: national

text: and

text: first

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: is

text: an

text: officially

text: recognised

text: minority

text: language

text: in

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: among

text: the

text: official

text: languages

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: public

text: body

text: Foras

text: Gaeilge

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: the

text: language

text: throughout

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Vedic Sanskrit is an Indo-European language, more specifically one branch of the Indo-Iranian group. It is the ancient language of the Vedas of Hinduism, texts compiled over the period of the mid-2nd to mid-1st millennium BCE. It was orally preserved, predating the advent of Brahmi script by several centuries. Vedic Sanskrit is an archaic language, whose consensus translation has been challenging.

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: is

text: an

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: more

text: specifically

text: one

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: group

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: ancient

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Vedas

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: texts

text: compiled

text: over

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: to

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: It

text: was

text: orally

text: preserved

text: predating

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: Brahmi

text: script

text: by

text: several

text: centuries

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: is

text: an

text: archaic

text: language

text: whose

text: consensus

text: translation

text: has

text: been

text: challenging

text: Indo-European studies is a field of linguistics and an interdisciplinary field of study dealing with Indo-European languages, both current and extinct. Its goal is to amass information about the hypothetical proto-language from which all of these languages are descended, a language dubbed Proto-Indo-European (PIE), and its speakers, the Proto-Indo-Europeans, including their society and religion. The studies cover where the language originated and how it spread. This article also lists Indo-European scholars, centres, journals and book series.

text: Indo

text: European

text: studies

text: is

text: field

text: of

text: linguistics

text: and

text: an

text: interdisciplinary

text: field

text: of

text: study

text: dealing

text: with

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: both

text: current

text: and

text: extinct

text: Its

text: goal

text: is

text: to

text: amass

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: hypothetical

text: proto

text: language

text: from

text: which

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: languages

text: are

text: descended

text: language

text: dubbed

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: PIE

text: and

text: its

text: speakers

text: the

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Europeans

text: including

text: their

text: society

text: and

text: religion

text: The

text: studies

text: cover

text: where

text: the

text: language

text: originated

text: and

text: how

text: it

text: spread

text: This

text: article

text: also

text: lists

text: Indo

text: European

text: scholars

text: centres

text: journals

text: and

text: book

text: series

text: Osborn Joseph Bergin (26 November 1873  6 October 1950) was a scholar of the Irish language and early Irish literature, who discovered Bergin's Law.

text: Osborn

text: Joseph

text: Bergin

text: November

text: October

text: was

text: scholar

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: language

text: and

text: early

text: Irish

text: literature

text: who

text: discovered

text: Bergin

text: 's

text: Law

text: Sikhism, or Sikhi ("", , from "Sikh", meaning a "disciple", or a "learner"), is a panentheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent during the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major world religions. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator, unity of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all, and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. Sikhism has 25-28 million adherents worldwide and is the ninth-largest religion in the world.

text: Sikhism

text: or

text: Sikhi

text: from

text: Sikh

text: meaning

text: disciple

text: or

text: learner

text: is

text: panentheistic

text: religion

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: Punjab

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: youngest

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: world

text: religions

text: The

text: fundamental

text: beliefs

text: of

text: Sikhism

text: articulated

text: in

text: the

text: sacred

text: scripture

text: Guru

text: Granth

text: Sahib

text: include

text: faith

text: and

text: meditation

text: on

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: one

text: creator

text: unity

text: of

text: all

text: humankind

text: engaging

text: in

text: selfless

text: service

text: striving

text: for

text: social

text: justice

text: for

text: the

text: benefit

text: and

text: prosperity

text: of

text: all

text: and

text: honest

text: conduct

text: and

text: livelihood

text: while

text: living

text: householder

text: 's

text: life

text: Sikhism

text: has

text: million

text: adherents

text: worldwide

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: ninth

text: largest

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common "ancestral language" or "parental language", called the proto-language of that family. The term 'family' reflects the tree model of language origination in historical linguistics, which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological family tree, or in a subsequent modification, to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists therefore describe the "daughter languages" within a language family as being "genetically related".

text: language

text: family

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: languages

text: related

text: through

text: descent

text: from

text: common

text: ancestral

text: language

text: or

text: parental

text: language

text: called

text: the

text: proto

text: language

text: of

text: that

text: family

text: The

text: term

text: family

text: reflects

text: the

text: tree

text: model

text: of

text: language

text: origination

text: in

text: historical

text: linguistics

text: which

text: makes

text: use

text: of

text: metaphor

text: comparing

text: languages

text: to

text: people

text: in

text: biological

text: family

text: tree

text: or

text: in

text: subsequent

text: modification

text: to

text: species

text: in

text: phylogenetic

text: tree

text: of

text: evolutionary

text: taxonomy

text: Linguists

text: therefore

text: describe

text: the

text: daughter

text: languages

text: within

text: language

text: family

text: as

text: being

text: genetically

text: related

text: A sacred language, "holy language" (in religious context) or liturgical language is a language that is cultivated for religious reasons by people who speak another language in their daily life.

text: sacred

text: language

text: holy

text: language

text: in

text: religious

text: context

text: or

text: liturgical

text: language

text: is

text: language

text: that

text: is

text: cultivated

text: for

text: religious

text: reasons

text: by

text: people

text: who

text: speak

text: another

text: language

text: in

text: their

text: daily

text: life

text: Early Irish literature is the oldest vernacular literature in Western Europe. The earliest existing examples of the written Irish language are Ogham inscriptions dating from the 4th century. Extant manuscripts do not go back farther than the 8th century. Two works written by Saint Patrick, his "Confessio" and "Letter to Coroticus" were written in Latin some time in the 5th century, and preserved in the "Book of Armagh".

text: Early

text: Irish

text: literature

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: vernacular

text: literature

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: The

text: earliest

text: existing

text: examples

text: of

text: the

text: written

text: Irish

text: language

text: are

text: Ogham

text: inscriptions

text: dating

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: Extant

text: manuscripts

text: do

text: not

text: go

text: back

text: farther

text: than

text: the

text: century

text: Two

text: works

text: written

text: by

text: Saint

text: Patrick

text: his

text: Confessio

text: and

text: Letter

text: to

text: Coroticus

text: were

text: written

text: in

text: Latin

text: some

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: preserved

text: in

text: the

text: Book

text: of

text: Armagh

text: Buddhism (or ) is a religion and dharma that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. Buddhism originated in India sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, from where it spread through much of Asia, whereafter it declined in India during the middle ages. Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (Pali: "The School of the Elders") and Mahayana (Sanskrit: "The Great Vehicle"). Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 500 million followers or 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

text: Buddhism

text: or

text: is

text: religion

text: and

text: dharma

text: that

text: encompasses

text: variety

text: of

text: traditions

text: beliefs

text: and

text: spiritual

text: practices

text: largely

text: based

text: on

text: teachings

text: attributed

text: to

text: the

text: Buddha

text: Buddhism

text: originated

text: in

text: India

text: sometime

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: BCE

text: from

text: where

text: it

text: spread

text: through

text: much

text: of

text: Asia

text: whereafter

text: it

text: declined

text: in

text: India

text: during

text: the

text: middle

text: ages

text: Two

text: major

text: extant

text: branches

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: are

text: generally

text: recognized

text: by

text: scholars

text: Theravada

text: Pali

text: The

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Elders

text: and

text: Mahayana

text: Sanskrit

text: The

text: Great

text: Vehicle

text: Buddhism

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: religion

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Buddhists

text: Edward Lhuyd (usually rewritten as "Llwyd" in recent times) (1660  30 June 1709) was a Welsh naturalist, botanist, linguist, geographer and antiquary. He is also known by the Latinized form of his name, Eduardus Luidius.

text: Edward

text: Lhuyd

text: usually

text: rewritten

text: as

text: Llwyd

text: in

text: recent

text: times

text: June

text: was

text: Welsh

text: naturalist

text: botanist

text: linguist

text: geographer

text: and

text: antiquary

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: Latinized

text: form

text: of

text: his

text: name

text: Eduardus

text: Luidius

text: Jainism (or ), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion belonging to the "ramaa" tradition. The central tenet is non-violence and respect towards all living beings. The three main principles of Jainism are "ahimsa" (non-violence), "anekantavada" (non-absolutism) and "aparigraha" (non-possessiveness). Followers of Jainism take five main vows: "ahimsa" (non-violence), "satya" (not lying), "asteya" (not stealing), "brahmacharya" (chastity) and "aparigraha" (non-attachment). Jain monks and nuns observe these vows absolutely whereas householders ("rvakas") observe them within their practical limitations. Self-discipline and asceticism are thus major focuses of Jainism. Notably, Mahatma Gandhi was greatly influenced by Jainism and adopted many Jain principles in his life.

text: Jainism

text: or

text: traditionally

text: known

text: as

text: Jain

text: Dharma

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: Indian

text: religion

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: ramaa

text: tradition

text: The

text: central

text: tenet

text: is

text: non

text: violence

text: and

text: respect

text: towards

text: all

text: living

text: beings

text: The

text: three

text: main

text: principles

text: of

text: Jainism

text: are

text: ahimsa

text: non

text: violence

text: anekantavada

text: non

text: absolutism

text: and

text: aparigraha

text: non

text: possessiveness

text: Followers

text: of

text: Jainism

text: take

text: five

text: main

text: vows

text: ahimsa

text: non

text: violence

text: satya

text: not

text: lying

text: asteya

text: not

text: stealing

text: brahmacharya

text: chastity

text: and

text: aparigraha

text: non

text: attachment

text: Jain

text: monks

text: and

text: nuns

text: observe

text: these

text: vows

text: absolutely

text: whereas

text: householders

text: rvakas

text: observe

text: them

text: within

text: their

text: practical

text: limitations

text: Self

text: discipline

text: and

text: asceticism

text: are

text: thus

text: major

text: focuses

text: of

text: Jainism

text: Notably

text: Mahatma

text: Gandhi

text: was

text: greatly

text: influenced

text: by

text: Jainism

text: and

text: adopted

text: many

text: Jain

text: principles

text: in

text: his

text: life

text: The Celtic languages (usually pronounced but sometimes ) are descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic"; a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, following Paul-Yves Pezron who had already made the explicit link between the Celts described by classical writers and the Welsh and Breton languages.

text: The

text: Celtic

text: languages

text: usually

text: pronounced

text: but

text: sometimes

text: are

text: descended

text: from

text: Proto

text: Celtic

text: or

text: Common

text: Celtic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: greater

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: The

text: term

text: Celtic

text: was

text: first

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: this

text: language

text: group

text: by

text: Edward

text: Lhuyd

text: in

text: following

text: Paul

text: Yves

text: Pezron

text: who

text: had

text: already

text: made

text: the

text: explicit

text: link

text: between

text: the

text: Celts

text: described

text: by

text: classical

text: writers

text: and

text: the

text: Welsh

text: and

text: Breton

text: languages

text: Hinduism is a religion, or a way of life, found most notably in India and Nepal. Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as "", "the eternal law," or the "eternal way," beyond human origins. Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder. This "Hindu synthesis" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).

text: Hinduism

text: is

text: religion

text: or

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: found

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: Nepal

text: Hinduism

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: oldest

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: some

text: practitioners

text: and

text: scholars

text: refer

text: to

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: eternal

text: law

text: or

text: the

text: eternal

text: way

text: beyond

text: human

text: origins

text: Scholars

text: regard

text: Hinduism

text: as

text: fusion

text: or

text: synthesis

text: of

text: various

text: Indian

text: cultures

text: and

text: traditions

text: with

text: diverse

text: roots

text: and

text: no

text: founder

text: This

text: Hindu

text: synthesis

text: started

text: to

text: develop

text: between

text: BCE

text: and

text: CE

text: following

text: the

text: Vedic

text: period

text: BCE

text: to

text: BCE

text: Old Irish (, ) (sometimes called Old Gaelic) is the name given to the oldest form of the Goidelic languages for which extensive written texts are extant. It was used from c. AD 600900. The primary contemporary texts are dated c. AD 700850; by AD 900 the language had already transitioned into early Middle Irish. Some Old Irish texts date from the 10th century, although these are presumably copies of texts composed at an earlier time period. Old Irish is thus the ancestor of Modern Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic.

text: Old

text: Irish

text: sometimes

text: called

text: Old

text: Gaelic

text: is

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: oldest

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Goidelic

text: languages

text: for

text: which

text: extensive

text: written

text: texts

text: are

text: extant

text: It

text: was

text: used

text: from

text: AD

text: The

text: primary

text: contemporary

text: texts

text: are

text: dated

text: AD

text: by

text: AD

text: the

text: language

text: had

text: already

text: transitioned

text: into

text: early

text: Middle

text: Irish

text: Some

text: Old

text: Irish

text: texts

text: date

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: although

text: these

text: are

text: presumably

text: copies

text: of

text: texts

text: composed

text: at

text: an

text: earlier

text: time

text: period

text: Old

text: Irish

text: is

text: thus

text: the

text: ancestor

text: of

text: Modern

text: Irish

text: Manx

text: and

text: Scottish

text: Gaelic

text: A literary language is a register or dialect of a language that is used in literary writing. This may also include liturgical writing. The difference between literary and non-literary forms is more marked in some languages than in others. Where there is a strong divergence, the language is said to exhibit diglossia.

text: literary

text: language

text: is

text: register

text: or

text: dialect

text: of

text: language

text: that

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: literary

text: writing

text: This

text: may

text: also

text: include

text: liturgical

text: writing

text: The

text: difference

text: between

text: literary

text: and

text: non

text: literary

text: forms

text: is

text: more

text: marked

text: in

text: some

text: languages

text: than

text: in

text: others

text: Where

text: there

text: is

text: strong

text: divergence

text: the

text: language

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: exhibit

text: diglossia

text: Ancient Greek includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD. It is often roughly divided into the Archaic period (9th to 6th centuries BC), Classical period (5th and 4th centuries BC), and Hellenistic period (3rd century BC to the 6th century AD). It is antedated in the second millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek.

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: includes

text: the

text: forms

text: of

text: Greek

text: used

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: ancient

text: world

text: from

text: around

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: It

text: is

text: often

text: roughly

text: divided

text: into

text: the

text: Archaic

text: period

text: to

text: centuries

text: BC

text: Classical

text: period

text: and

text: centuries

text: BC

text: and

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: century

text: BC

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: It

text: is

text: antedated

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: millennium

text: BC

text: by

text: Mycenaean

text: Greek

text: The Hellenistic period covers the period of ancient Greek (Hellenic) history and Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year. At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, Africa and Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science. It is often considered a period of transition, sometimes even of decadence or degeneration, compared to the enlightenment of the Greek Classical era. The Hellenistic period saw the rise of New Comedy, Alexandrian poetry, the Septuagint and the philosophies of Stoicism and Epicureanism. Greek Science was advanced by the works of the mathematician Euclid and the polymath Archimedes. The religious sphere expanded to include new gods such as the Greco-Egyptian Serapis, eastern deities such as Attis and Cybele and the Greek adoption of Buddhism.

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: covers

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: Hellenic

text: history

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: history

text: between

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: as

text: signified

text: by

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: conquest

text: of

text: Ptolemaic

text: Egypt

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: At

text: this

text: time

text: Greek

text: cultural

text: influence

text: and

text: power

text: was

text: at

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: experiencing

text: prosperity

text: and

text: progress

text: in

text: the

text: arts

text: exploration

text: literature

text: theatre

text: architecture

text: music

text: mathematics

text: philosophy

text: and

text: science

text: It

text: is

text: often

text: considered

text: period

text: of

text: transition

text: sometimes

text: even

text: of

text: decadence

text: or

text: degeneration

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: enlightenment

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: Classical

text: era

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: saw

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: New

text: Comedy

text: Alexandrian

text: poetry

text: the

text: Septuagint

text: and

text: the

text: philosophies

text: of

text: Stoicism

text: and

text: Epicureanism

text: Greek

text: Science

text: was

text: advanced

text: by

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: the

text: mathematician

text: Euclid

text: and

text: the

text: polymath

text: Archimedes

text: The

text: religious

text: sphere

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: new

text: gods

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Greco

text: Egyptian

text: Serapis

text: eastern

text: deities

text: such

text: as

text: Attis

text: and

text: Cybele

text: and

text: the

text: Greek

text: adoption

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: The University of Manchester (UoM) is a public research university in Manchester, England, formed in 2004 by the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester. The University of Manchester is a red brick university, a product of the civic university movement of the late-19th century.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: UoM

text: is

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Manchester

text: England

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: merger

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: Institute

text: of

text: Science

text: and

text: Technology

text: and

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: is

text: red

text: brick

text: university

text: product

text: of

text: the

text: civic

text: university

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Scottish Gaelic or Scots Gaelic, sometimes also referred to as Gaelic (" ), is a Celtic language native to Scotland. A member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages, Scottish Gaelic, like Modern Irish and Manx, developed out of Middle Irish.

text: Scottish

text: Gaelic

text: or

text: Scots

text: Gaelic

text: sometimes

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Gaelic

text: is

text: Celtic

text: language

text: native

text: to

text: Scotland

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Goidelic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Celtic

text: languages

text: Scottish

text: Gaelic

text: like

text: Modern

text: Irish

text: and

text: Manx

text: developed

text: out

text: of

text: Middle

text: Irish

text: Sanskrit (English pronunciation:; written in Devanagari script ; : or ', originally ', "refined speech") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism and "Mahyna" Buddhism, a philosophical language in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. It was also a literary language that was in use as a "lingua franca" in ancient and medieval South Asia. It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European. Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand. As one of the oldest Indo-European languages for which substantial written documentation exists, Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies.

text: Sanskrit

text: English

text: pronunciation

text: written

text: in

text: Devanagari

text: script

text: or

text: originally

text: refined

text: speech

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: sacred

text: language

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: Mahyna

text: Buddhism

text: philosophical

text: language

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: Jainism

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: Sikhism

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: literary

text: language

text: that

text: was

text: in

text: use

text: as

text: lingua

text: franca

text: in

text: ancient

text: and

text: medieval

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: standardised

text: dialect

text: of

text: Old

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: originating

text: as

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: and

text: tracing

text: its

text: linguistic

text: ancestry

text: back

text: to

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: and

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: Today

text: it

text: is

text: listed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: scheduled

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Uttarakhand

text: As

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: for

text: which

text: substantial

text: written

text: documentation

text: exists

text: Sanskrit

text: holds

text: prominent

text: position

text: in

text: Indo

text: European

text: studies

text: Devanagari (, a compound of ""deva"" and ""ngar"" ; Hindi pronunciation: ), also called Nagari ("Ngar"), is an abugida (alphasyllabary) alphabet of India and Nepal. It is written from left to right, has a strong preference for symmetrical rounded shapes within squared outlines, and is recognisable by a horizontal line that runs along the top of full letters. In a cursory look, the Devanagari script appears different from other Indic scripts such as Bengali, Oriya, or Gurmukhi, but a closer examination reveals they are very similar except for angles and structural emphasis.

text: Devanagari

text: compound

text: of

text: deva

text: and

text: ngar

text: Hindi

text: pronunciation

text: also

text: called

text: Nagari

text: Ngar

text: is

text: an

text: abugida

text: alphasyllabary

text: alphabet

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: Nepal

text: It

text: is

text: written

text: from

text: left

text: to

text: right

text: has

text: strong

text: preference

text: for

text: symmetrical

text: rounded

text: shapes

text: within

text: squared

text: outlines

text: and

text: is

text: recognisable

text: by

text: horizontal

text: line

text: that

text: runs

text: along

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: full

text: letters

text: In

text: cursory

text: look

text: the

text: Devanagari

text: script

text: appears

text: different

text: from

text: other

text: Indic

text: scripts

text: such

text: as

text: Bengali

text: Oriya

text: or

text: Gurmukhi

text: but

text: closer

text: examination

text: reveals

text: they

text: are

text: very

text: similar

text: except

text: for

text: angles

text: and

text: structural

text: emphasis

text: Paul-Yves Pezron (1639, Hennebont,  9 October 1706, Brie) was a seventeenth-century Cistercian brother from Brittany, best known for his 1703 publication of a study on the common origin of the Bretons and the Welsh, "Antiquité de la nation, et de langue des celtes". Pezron was a Doctor of Theology at the Cistercian College of St. Bernard in Paris and abbot of La Charmoie.

text: Paul

text: Yves

text: Pezron

text: Hennebont

text: October

text: Brie

text: was

text: seventeenth

text: century

text: Cistercian

text: brother

text: from

text: Brittany

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: publication

text: of

text: study

text: on

text: the

text: common

text: origin

text: of

text: the

text: Bretons

text: and

text: the

text: Welsh

text: Antiquité

text: de

text: la

text: nation

text: et

text: de

text: langue

text: des

text: celtes

text: Pezron

text: was

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Theology

text: at

text: the

text: Cistercian

text: College

text: of

text: St.

text: Bernard

text: in

text: Paris

text: and

text: abbot

text: of

text: La

text: Charmoie

text: The former Victoria University of Manchester, now the University of Manchester, was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University, gaining an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester after the collapse of the federal university.

text: The

text: former

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: now

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: as

text: Owens

text: College

text: In

text: the

text: college

text: joined

text: the

text: federal

text: Victoria

text: University

text: gaining

text: an

text: independent

text: university

text: charter

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: after

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: university

text: Mycenaean Greek is the most ancient attested form of the Greek language, on the Greek mainland, Crete and Cyprus in Mycenaean Greece (16th to 12th centuries BCE), before the hypothesised Dorian invasion, often cited as the "terminus post quem" for the coming of the Greek language to Greece. The language is preserved in inscriptions in Linear B, a script first attested on Crete before the 14th century. Most inscriptions are on clay tablets found in Knossos, in central Crete, as well as in Pylos, in the southwest of the Peloponnese. Other tablets have been found at Mycenae itself, Tiryns and Thebes and at Chania, in Western Crete. The language is named after Mycenae, one of the major centres of Mycenaean Greece.

text: Mycenaean

text: Greek

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: ancient

text: attested

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: language

text: on

text: the

text: Greek

text: mainland

text: Crete

text: and

text: Cyprus

text: in

text: Mycenaean

text: Greece

text: to

text: centuries

text: BCE

text: before

text: the

text: hypothesised

text: Dorian

text: invasion

text: often

text: cited

text: as

text: the

text: terminus

text: post

text: quem

text: for

text: the

text: coming

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: language

text: to

text: Greece

text: The

text: language

text: is

text: preserved

text: in

text: inscriptions

text: in

text: Linear

text: script

text: first

text: attested

text: on

text: Crete

text: before

text: the

text: century

text: Most

text: inscriptions

text: are

text: on

text: clay

text: tablets

text: found

text: in

text: Knossos

text: in

text: central

text: Crete

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: Pylos

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: Peloponnese

text: Other

text: tablets

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: at

text: Mycenae

text: itself

text: Tiryns

text: and

text: Thebes

text: and

text: at

text: Chania

text: in

text: Western

text: Crete

text: The

text: language

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Mycenae

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: centres

text: of

text: Mycenaean

text: Greece

annotations: follows multiple

question: occupation john strachan

answer: linguist

text: linguist


text: Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923. The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble. Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced "Weird Tales", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor. The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924. The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years. Under Wright's control the magazine lived up to its subtitle, "The Unique Magazine", and published a wide range of unusual fiction.

text: Weird

text: Tales

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: fantasy

text: and

text: horror

text: fiction

text: pulp

text: magazine

text: founded

text: by

text: Henneberger

text: and

text: Lansinger

text: in

text: March

text: The

text: first

text: editor

text: Edwin

text: Baird

text: printed

text: early

text: work

text: by

text: Lovecraft

text: Seabury

text: Quinn

text: and

text: Clark

text: Ashton

text: Smith

text: all

text: of

text: whom

text: would

text: go

text: on

text: to

text: be

text: popular

text: writers

text: but

text: within

text: year

text: the

text: magazine

text: was

text: in

text: financial

text: trouble

text: Henneberger

text: sold

text: his

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: publisher

text: Rural

text: Publishing

text: Corporation

text: to

text: Lansinger

text: and

text: refinanced

text: Weird

text: Tales

text: with

text: Farnsworth

text: Wright

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: editor

text: The

text: first

text: issue

text: under

text: Wright

text: 's

text: control

text: was

text: dated

text: November

text: The

text: magazine

text: was

text: more

text: successful

text: under

text: Wright

text: and

text: despite

text: occasional

text: financial

text: setbacks

text: it

text: prospered

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: fifteen

text: years

text: Under

text: Wright

text: 's

text: control

text: the

text: magazine

text: lived

text: up

text: to

text: its

text: subtitle

text: The

text: Unique

text: Magazine

text: and

text: published

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: unusual

text: fiction

text: Speculative fiction is a broad umbrella genre denoting any narrative fiction with supernatural or futuristic elements; this encompasses the genres of science fiction, fantasy, horror, alternative history, magic realism, and superhero fiction, as well as combinations of the previous genres. It typically strays strongly from reality and so may feature fictional types of beings like mythical creatures and supernatural entities, technologies that do not exist in real life like time machines and interstellar spaceships, or magical or otherwise scientifically inexplicable elements. The term's popularity is sometimes attributed to Robert Heinlein, who referenced it in 1947 in an editorial essay, although there are prior mentions of speculative fiction, or its variant "speculative literature".

text: Speculative

text: fiction

text: is

text: broad

text: umbrella

text: genre

text: denoting

text: any

text: narrative

text: fiction

text: with

text: supernatural

text: or

text: futuristic

text: elements

text: this

text: encompasses

text: the

text: genres

text: of

text: science

text: fiction

text: fantasy

text: horror

text: alternative

text: history

text: magic

text: realism

text: and

text: superhero

text: fiction

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: combinations

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: genres

text: It

text: typically

text: strays

text: strongly

text: from

text: reality

text: and

text: so

text: may

text: feature

text: fictional

text: types

text: of

text: beings

text: like

text: mythical

text: creatures

text: and

text: supernatural

text: entities

text: technologies

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: exist

text: in

text: real

text: life

text: like

text: time

text: machines

text: and

text: interstellar

text: spaceships

text: or

text: magical

text: or

text: otherwise

text: scientifically

text: inexplicable

text: elements

text: The

text: term

text: 's

text: popularity

text: is

text: sometimes

text: attributed

text: to

text: Robert

text: Heinlein

text: who

text: referenced

text: it

text: in

text: in

text: an

text: editorial

text: essay

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: prior

text: mentions

text: of

text: speculative

text: fiction

text: or

text: its

text: variant

text: speculative

text: literature

text: Science fiction (often shortened to SF, sci-fi or scifi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually avoids the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection is now limited to hard science fiction.

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: SF

text: sci

text: fi

text: or

text: scifi

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: speculative

text: fiction

text: typically

text: dealing

text: with

text: imaginative

text: concepts

text: such

text: as

text: futuristic

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: space

text: travel

text: time

text: travel

text: faster

text: than

text: light

text: travel

text: parallel

text: universes

text: and

text: extraterrestrial

text: life

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: explores

text: the

text: potential

text: consequences

text: of

text: scientific

text: and

text: other

text: innovations

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: literature

text: of

text: ideas

text: It

text: usually

text: avoids

text: the

text: supernatural

text: and

text: unlike

text: the

text: related

text: genre

text: of

text: fantasy

text: historically

text: science

text: fiction

text: stories

text: were

text: intended

text: to

text: have

text: grounding

text: in

text: science

text: based

text: fact

text: or

text: theory

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: story

text: was

text: created

text: but

text: this

text: connection

text: is

text: now

text: limited

text: to

text: hard

text: science

text: fiction

text: Conan the Wanderer is a 1968 collection of four fantasy short stories written by Robert E. Howard , L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter featuring Howard 's seminal sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian . Most of the stories were originally published in various fantasy magazines . The book has been reprinted a number of times since by various publishers , and has also been translated into German , Japanese , Spanish , Dutch , Swedish and Italian . It was later gathered together with Conan the Adventurer and Conan the Buccaneer into the omnibus collection The Conan Chronicles 2 ( 1990 ) .

text: Conan

text: the

text: Wanderer

text: is

text: collection

text: of

text: four

text: fantasy

text: short

text: stories

text: written

text: by

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: Sprague

text: de

text: Camp

text: and

text: Lin

text: Carter

text: featuring

text: Howard

text: 's

text: seminal

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: hero

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: stories

text: were

text: originally

text: published

text: in

text: various

text: fantasy

text: magazines

text: The

text: book

text: has

text: been

text: reprinted

text: number

text: of

text: times

text: since

text: by

text: various

text: publishers

text: and

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: translated

text: into

text: German

text: Japanese

text: Spanish

text: Dutch

text: Swedish

text: and

text: Italian

text: It

text: was

text: later

text: gathered

text: together

text: with

text: Conan

text: the

text: Adventurer

text: and

text: Conan

text: the

text: Buccaneer

text: into

text: the

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: Ace Books is an American specialty publisher of science fiction and fantasy books. The company was founded in New York City in 1952 by Aaron A. Wyn and began as a genre publisher of mysteries and westerns. It soon branched out into other genres, publishing its first science fiction (sf) title in 1953. This was successful, and science fiction titles outnumbered both mysteries and westerns within a few years. Other genres also made an appearance, including nonfiction, gothic novels, media tie-in novelizations, and romances. Ace became known for the "tête-bêche" binding format used for many of its early books, although it did not originate the format. Most of the early titles were published in this "Ace Double" format, and Ace continued to issue books in varied genres, bound "tête-bêche", until 1973.

text: Ace

text: Books

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: specialty

text: publisher

text: of

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: fantasy

text: books

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: by

text: Aaron

text: Wyn

text: and

text: began

text: as

text: genre

text: publisher

text: of

text: mysteries

text: and

text: westerns

text: It

text: soon

text: branched

text: out

text: into

text: other

text: genres

text: publishing

text: its

text: first

text: science

text: fiction

text: sf

text: title

text: in

text: This

text: was

text: successful

text: and

text: science

text: fiction

text: titles

text: outnumbered

text: both

text: mysteries

text: and

text: westerns

text: within

text: few

text: years

text: Other

text: genres

text: also

text: made

text: an

text: appearance

text: including

text: nonfiction

text: gothic

text: novels

text: media

text: tie

text: in

text: novelizations

text: and

text: romances

text: Ace

text: became

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: tête

text: bêche

text: binding

text: format

text: used

text: for

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: early

text: books

text: although

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: originate

text: the

text: format

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: titles

text: were

text: published

text: in

text: this

text: Ace

text: Double

text: format

text: and

text: Ace

text: continued

text: to

text: issue

text: books

text: in

text: varied

text: genres

text: bound

text: tête

text: bêche

text: until

text: Howard Phillips Lovecraft (August 20, 1890  March 15, 1937) was an American author who achieved posthumous fame through his influential works of horror fiction. Virtually unknown and published only in pulp magazines before he died in poverty, he is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors in his genre. Lovecraft was born in Providence, Rhode Island, where he spent most of his life. Among his most celebrated tales are "The Call of Cthulhu" and "The Shadow over Innsmouth", both canonical to the "Cthulhu Mythos". Never able to support himself from earnings as author and editor, Lovecraft saw commercial success increasingly elude him in this latter period, partly because he lacked the confidence and drive to promote himself. He subsisted in progressively straitened circumstances in his last years; an inheritance was completely spent by the time he died at the age of 46.

text: Howard

text: Phillips

text: Lovecraft

text: August

text: March

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: author

text: who

text: achieved

text: posthumous

text: fame

text: through

text: his

text: influential

text: works

text: of

text: horror

text: fiction

text: Virtually

text: unknown

text: and

text: published

text: only

text: in

text: pulp

text: magazines

text: before

text: he

text: died

text: in

text: poverty

text: he

text: is

text: now

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: significant

text: century

text: authors

text: in

text: his

text: genre

text: Lovecraft

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Providence

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: where

text: he

text: spent

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: Among

text: his

text: most

text: celebrated

text: tales

text: are

text: The

text: Call

text: of

text: Cthulhu

text: and

text: The

text: Shadow

text: over

text: Innsmouth

text: both

text: canonical

text: to

text: the

text: Cthulhu

text: Mythos

text: Never

text: able

text: to

text: support

text: himself

text: from

text: earnings

text: as

text: author

text: and

text: editor

text: Lovecraft

text: saw

text: commercial

text: success

text: increasingly

text: elude

text: him

text: in

text: this

text: latter

text: period

text: partly

text: because

text: he

text: lacked

text: the

text: confidence

text: and

text: drive

text: to

text: promote

text: himself

text: He

text: subsisted

text: in

text: progressively

text: straitened

text: circumstances

text: in

text: his

text: last

text: years

text: an

text: inheritance

text: was

text: completely

text: spent

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: he

text: died

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Conan the Barbarian (also known as Conan the Cimmerian) is a fictional sword and sorcery hero who originated in pulp fiction magazines and has since been adapted to books, comics, several films (including "Conan the Barbarian" and "Conan the Destroyer"), television programs (cartoon and live-action), video games, role-playing games and other media. The character was created by writer Robert E. Howard in 1932 via a series of fantasy stories published in "Weird Tales" magazine.

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Conan

text: the

text: Cimmerian

text: is

text: fictional

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: hero

text: who

text: originated

text: in

text: pulp

text: fiction

text: magazines

text: and

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: adapted

text: to

text: books

text: comics

text: several

text: films

text: including

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: and

text: Conan

text: the

text: Destroyer

text: television

text: programs

text: cartoon

text: and

text: live

text: action

text: video

text: games

text: role

text: playing

text: games

text: and

text: other

text: media

text: The

text: character

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: writer

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: in

text: via

text: series

text: of

text: fantasy

text: stories

text: published

text: in

text: Weird

text: Tales

text: magazine

text: The supernatural (Medieval Latin: "superntrlis": "supra" "above" + "naturalis" "natural", first used: 15201530 AD) includes all that cannot be explained by science or the laws of nature, including things characteristic of or relating to ghosts, gods, or other supernatural beings, or to things beyond nature.

text: The

text: supernatural

text: Medieval

text: Latin

text: superntrlis

text: supra

text: above

text: naturalis

text: natural

text: first

text: used

text: AD

text: includes

text: all

text: that

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: explained

text: by

text: science

text: or

text: the

text: laws

text: of

text: nature

text: including

text: things

text: characteristic

text: of

text: or

text: relating

text: to

text: ghosts

text: gods

text: or

text: other

text: supernatural

text: beings

text: or

text: to

text: things

text: beyond

text: nature

text: Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Most fantasy uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction.

text: Fantasy

text: is

text: fiction

text: genre

text: set

text: in

text: an

text: imaginary

text: universe

text: often

text: but

text: not

text: always

text: without

text: any

text: locations

text: events

text: or

text: people

text: from

text: the

text: real

text: world

text: Most

text: fantasy

text: uses

text: magic

text: or

text: other

text: supernatural

text: elements

text: as

text: main

text: plot

text: element

text: theme

text: or

text: setting

text: Magic

text: and

text: magical

text: creatures

text: are

text: common

text: in

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: imaginary

text: worlds

text: Fantasy

text: is

text: generally

text: distinguished

text: from

text: the

text: genres

text: of

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: horror

text: by

text: the

text: expectation

text: that

text: it

text: steers

text: clear

text: of

text: scientific

text: and

text: macabre

text: themes

text: respectively

text: though

text: there

text: is

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: overlap

text: between

text: the

text: three

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: subgenres

text: of

text: speculative

text: fiction

text: Orbit Books is an international publisher that specialises in science fiction and fantasy books. It was founded in 1974 as part of the Macdonald Futura publishing company. In 1992, its parent company was bought by Little, Brown & Co., at that stage part of the Time Warner Book Group.

text: Orbit

text: Books

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: publisher

text: that

text: specialises

text: in

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: fantasy

text: books

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Macdonald

text: Futura

text: publishing

text: company

text: In

text: its

text: parent

text: company

text: was

text: bought

text: by

text: Little

text: Brown

text: Co.

text: at

text: that

text: stage

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Time

text: Warner

text: Book

text: Group

text: The Conan Chronicles 2 is a 1990 omnibus collection of two previous fantasy collections and one fantasy novel by Robert E. Howard, L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter featuring Howard's seminal sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian, published by Orbit Books. The component books had originally been published by Lancer Books in 1966, 1968 and 1971, and later reissued by Ace Books. The omnibus collection was preceded by "The Conan Chronicles".

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: is

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: of

text: two

text: previous

text: fantasy

text: collections

text: and

text: one

text: fantasy

text: novel

text: by

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: Sprague

text: de

text: Camp

text: and

text: Lin

text: Carter

text: featuring

text: Howard

text: 's

text: seminal

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: hero

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: published

text: by

text: Orbit

text: Books

text: The

text: component

text: books

text: had

text: originally

text: been

text: published

text: by

text: Lancer

text: Books

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: later

text: reissued

text: by

text: Ace

text: Books

text: The

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: was

text: preceded

text: by

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: Conan the Buccaneer is a 1971 fantasy novel written by L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter featuring Robert E. Howard's seminal sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian. It was first published in paperback by Lancer Books, and has been reprinted a number of times since by various publishers. It has also been translated into German, Japanese, Spanish, Swedish and Dutch. It was later gathered together with "Conan the Adventurer" and "Conan the Wanderer" into the omnibus collection "The Conan Chronicles 2" (1990).

text: Conan

text: the

text: Buccaneer

text: is

text: fantasy

text: novel

text: written

text: by

text: Sprague

text: de

text: Camp

text: and

text: Lin

text: Carter

text: featuring

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: 's

text: seminal

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: hero

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: paperback

text: by

text: Lancer

text: Books

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: reprinted

text: number

text: of

text: times

text: since

text: by

text: various

text: publishers

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: translated

text: into

text: German

text: Japanese

text: Spanish

text: Swedish

text: and

text: Dutch

text: It

text: was

text: later

text: gathered

text: together

text: with

text: Conan

text: the

text: Adventurer

text: and

text: Conan

text: the

text: Wanderer

text: into

text: the

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: Conan the Destroyer is a 1984 American sword and sorcery/adventure film directed by Richard Fleischer, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and Mako Iwamatsu reprising their roles as Conan and Akiro the wizard, respectively. The cast also includes Grace Jones, Wilt Chamberlain, Tracey Walter and Olivia d'Abo. It is the sequel to "Conan the Barbarian". The film was moderately successful at the box office in the U.S., and very successful internationally, although critical response was not as strong as for the original film.

text: Conan

text: the

text: Destroyer

text: is

text: American

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: adventure

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Richard

text: Fleischer

text: starring

text: Arnold

text: Schwarzenegger

text: and

text: Mako

text: Iwamatsu

text: reprising

text: their

text: roles

text: as

text: Conan

text: and

text: Akiro

text: the

text: wizard

text: respectively

text: The

text: cast

text: also

text: includes

text: Grace

text: Jones

text: Wilt

text: Chamberlain

text: Tracey

text: Walter

text: and

text: Olivia

text: d'Abo

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: sequel

text: to

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: moderately

text: successful

text: at

text: the

text: box

text: office

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: very

text: successful

text: internationally

text: although

text: critical

text: response

text: was

text: not

text: as

text: strong

text: as

text: for

text: the

text: original

text: film

text: Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930  February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor, poet and critic. He usually wrote as Lin Carter; known pseudonyms include H. P. Lowcraft (for an H. P. Lovecraft parody) and Grail Undwin. He is best known for editing the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in the 1970s, which introduced readers to many overlooked classics of the fantasy genre.

text: Linwood

text: Vrooman

text: Carter

text: June

text: February

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: author

text: of

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: fantasy

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: an

text: editor

text: poet

text: and

text: critic

text: He

text: usually

text: wrote

text: as

text: Lin

text: Carter

text: known

text: pseudonyms

text: include

text: Lowcraft

text: for

text: an

text: Lovecraft

text: parody

text: and

text: Grail

text: Undwin

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: editing

text: the

text: Ballantine

text: Adult

text: Fantasy

text: series

text: in

text: the

text: which

text: introduced

text: readers

text: to

text: many

text: overlooked

text: classics

text: of

text: the

text: fantasy

text: genre

text: The Conan Chronicles is a 1989 omnibus collection of three previous fantasy collections by Robert E. Howard, L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter featuring Howard's seminal sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian, published by Sphere Books. The component collections had originally been published by Lancer Books in 1967, 1968 and 1969, and later reissued by Ace Books. The omnibus collection was followed by "The Conan Chronicles 2".

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: is

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: of

text: three

text: previous

text: fantasy

text: collections

text: by

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: Sprague

text: de

text: Camp

text: and

text: Lin

text: Carter

text: featuring

text: Howard

text: 's

text: seminal

text: sword

text: and

text: sorcery

text: hero

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: published

text: by

text: Sphere

text: Books

text: The

text: component

text: collections

text: had

text: originally

text: been

text: published

text: by

text: Lancer

text: Books

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: later

text: reissued

text: by

text: Ace

text: Books

text: The

text: omnibus

text: collection

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: The

text: Conan

text: Chronicles

text: Lancer Books was a publisher of paperback books operated from 1961 through 1973 by Irwin Stein and Walter Zacharius. While it published stories of a number of genres, it was noted most for its science fiction and fantasy, particularly its series of Robert E. Howard's Conan the Barbarian tales, the first publication of many in paperback format. It published the controversial novel "Candy" by Terry Southern and Mason Hoffenberg and the ribald series "The Man From O.R.G.Y." Lancer paperbacks had a distinctive appearance, many bearing mauve or green page edging.

text: Lancer

text: Books

text: was

text: publisher

text: of

text: paperback

text: books

text: operated

text: from

text: through

text: by

text: Irwin

text: Stein

text: and

text: Walter

text: Zacharius

text: While

text: it

text: published

text: stories

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: genres

text: it

text: was

text: noted

text: most

text: for

text: its

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: fantasy

text: particularly

text: its

text: series

text: of

text: Robert

text: Howard

text: 's

text: Conan

text: the

text: Barbarian

text: tales

text: the

text: first

text: publication

text: of

text: many

text: in

text: paperback

text: format

text: It

text: published

text: the

text: controversial

text: novel

text: Candy

text: by

text: Terry

text: Southern

text: and

text: Mason

text: Hoffenberg

text: and

text: the

text: ribald

text: series

text: The

text: Man

text: From

text: O.R.G.Y.

text: Lancer

text: paperbacks

text: had

text: distinctive

text: appearance

text: many

text: bearing

text: mauve

text: or

text: green

text: page

text: edging

annotations: likely single

question: publisher conan the wanderer

answer: lancer books

text: lancer books

text: lancer books

text: lancer books

text: lancer books


text: An inlet is an indentation of a shoreline, usually long and narrow, such as a small bay or arm, that often leads to an enclosed body of salt water, such as a sound, bay, lagoon, or marsh. In sea coasts, an inlet usually refers to the actual connection between a bay and the ocean and is often called an "entrance" or a recession in the shore of a sea, lake, or river. A certain kind of inlet created by glaciation is a fjord, typically but not always in mountainous coastlines and also in montane lakes.

text: An

text: inlet

text: is

text: an

text: indentation

text: of

text: shoreline

text: usually

text: long

text: and

text: narrow

text: such

text: as

text: small

text: bay

text: or

text: arm

text: that

text: often

text: leads

text: to

text: an

text: enclosed

text: body

text: of

text: salt

text: water

text: such

text: as

text: sound

text: bay

text: lagoon

text: or

text: marsh

text: In

text: sea

text: coasts

text: an

text: inlet

text: usually

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: actual

text: connection

text: between

text: bay

text: and

text: the

text: ocean

text: and

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: an

text: entrance

text: or

text: recession

text: in

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: sea

text: lake

text: or

text: river

text: certain

text: kind

text: of

text: inlet

text: created

text: by

text: glaciation

text: is

text: fjord

text: typically

text: but

text: not

text: always

text: in

text: mountainous

text: coastlines

text: and

text: also

text: in

text: montane

text: lakes

text: Vancouver, officially the City of Vancouver, is a coastal seaport city on the mainland of British Columbia, Canada, and the most populous city in the province.

text: Vancouver

text: officially

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Vancouver

text: is

text: coastal

text: seaport

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: Seymour Inlet is one of the lesser traveled of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast. Unlike larger inlets such as Knight or Bute, it is not flanked by mountains but by relatively low, but still rugged, coastal hill-country and forms a maze of complex, narrow waterways and tidal pools and lagoons. It is located within a corresponding maze of peninsulas on the mainland on the northwest side of the Queen Charlotte Strait region.

text: Seymour

text: Inlet

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: lesser

text: traveled

text: of

text: the

text: principal

text: inlets

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Coast

text: Unlike

text: larger

text: inlets

text: such

text: as

text: Knight

text: or

text: Bute

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: flanked

text: by

text: mountains

text: but

text: by

text: relatively

text: low

text: but

text: still

text: rugged

text: coastal

text: hill

text: country

text: and

text: forms

text: maze

text: of

text: complex

text: narrow

text: waterways

text: and

text: tidal

text: pools

text: and

text: lagoons

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: corresponding

text: maze

text: of

text: peninsulas

text: on

text: the

text: mainland

text: on

text: the

text: northwest

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: region

text: Belize Inlet is an inlet on the Central Coast of British Columbia , Canada , located to the north of and adjoining Seymour Inlet .

text: Belize

text: Inlet

text: is

text: an

text: inlet

text: on

text: the

text: Central

text: Coast

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Canada

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: and

text: adjoining

text: Seymour

text: Inlet

text: Edmonton is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. Edmonton is on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Capital Region, which is surrounded by Alberta's central region.

text: Edmonton

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Alberta

text: Edmonton

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: Saskatchewan

text: River

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Edmonton

text: Capital

text: Region

text: which

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: Alberta

text: 's

text: central

text: region

text: Geologically, a fjord or fiord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacial erosion. There are many fjords on the coasts of Alaska, British Columbia, Chile, Greenland, Iceland, the Kerguelen Islands, New Zealand, Norway, Novaya Zemlya, Labrador, Nunavut, Newfoundland, Scotland, and Washington state. Norway's coastline is estimated at with fjords, but only when fjords are excluded.

text: Geologically

text: fjord

text: or

text: fiord

text: is

text: long

text: narrow

text: inlet

text: with

text: steep

text: sides

text: or

text: cliffs

text: created

text: by

text: glacial

text: erosion

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: fjords

text: on

text: the

text: coasts

text: of

text: Alaska

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Chile

text: Greenland

text: Iceland

text: the

text: Kerguelen

text: Islands

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Norway

text: Novaya

text: Zemlya

text: Labrador

text: Nunavut

text: Newfoundland

text: Scotland

text: and

text: Washington

text: state

text: Norway

text: 's

text: coastline

text: is

text: estimated

text: at

text: with

text: fjords

text: but

text: only

text: when

text: fjords

text: are

text: excluded

text: FOREST (short for "Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco") is a United Kingdom political pressure group which campaigns against tobacco control activity.

text: FOREST

text: short

text: for

text: Freedom

text: Organisation

text: for

text: the

text: Right

text: to

text: Enjoy

text: Smoking

text: Tobacco

text: is

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: political

text: pressure

text: group

text: which

text: campaigns

text: against

text: tobacco

text: control

text: activity

text: Montreal officially Montréal in both Canadian English and French, is the most populous municipality in Quebec and the 2nd-most populous in Canada. Originally called "Ville-Marie", or "City of Mary," it is named after Mount Royal, the triple-peaked hill in the heart of the city. The city is on the Island of Montreal, which took its name from the same source as the city, and a few much smaller peripheral islands, the largest of which is Île Bizard. It has a distinct four-season continental climate with warm to hot summers and cold snowy winters.

text: Montreal

text: officially

text: Montréal

text: in

text: both

text: Canadian

text: English

text: and

text: French

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: municipality

text: in

text: Quebec

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: in

text: Canada

text: Originally

text: called

text: Ville

text: Marie

text: or

text: City

text: of

text: Mary

text: it

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Mount

text: Royal

text: the

text: triple

text: peaked

text: hill

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: Island

text: of

text: Montreal

text: which

text: took

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: same

text: source

text: as

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: few

text: much

text: smaller

text: peripheral

text: islands

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: Île

text: Bizard

text: It

text: has

text: distinct

text: four

text: season

text: continental

text: climate

text: with

text: warm

text: to

text: hot

text: summers

text: and

text: cold

text: snowy

text: winters

text: Winnipeg is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers.

text: Winnipeg

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Manitoba

text: in

text: Canada

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: longitudinal

text: centre

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: at

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Red

text: and

text: Assiniboine

text: Rivers

text: The Rocky Mountains, commonly known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States. Within the North American Cordillera, the Rockies are somewhat distinct from the Pacific Coast Ranges and the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada which all lie further to the west.

text: The

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Rockies

text: are

text: major

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: western

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: stretch

text: more

text: than

text: from

text: the

text: northernmost

text: part

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: in

text: western

text: Canada

text: to

text: New

text: Mexico

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: United

text: States

text: Within

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: Cordillera

text: the

text: Rockies

text: are

text: somewhat

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Coast

text: Ranges

text: and

text: the

text: Cascade

text: Range

text: and

text: Sierra

text: Nevada

text: which

text: all

text: lie

text: further

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Calgary is a city in the Canadian province of Alberta. It is situated at the confluence of the Bow River and the Elbow River in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, about east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies. In the 2011 census, the City of Calgary had a population of 1,096,833 and a metropolitan population of 1,214,839, making it the largest city in Alberta, and the third-largest municipality and fifth-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada.

text: Calgary

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Alberta

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: at

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Bow

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: Elbow

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: in

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: foothills

text: and

text: prairie

text: about

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: front

text: ranges

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Rockies

text: In

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Calgary

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Alberta

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: municipality

text: and

text: fifth

text: largest

text: census

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: CMA

text: in

text: Canada

text:
Queen Charlotte Strait is a strait between Vancouver Island and the Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It connects Queen Charlotte Sound with Johnstone Strait and Discovery Passage and via them to the Strait of Georgia and Puget Sound. It forms part of the Inside Passage from Washington to Alaska. The term Queen Charlotte Strait is also used to refer to the general region and its many communities, notably of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples. Despite its name, Queen Charlotte Strait does not lie between the Queen Charlotte Islands (Haida Gwaii} and the mainland; that body of water is named Hecate Strait.
According to the BCGNIS, the northern boundary of Queen Charlotte Strait is defined as a line running Cape Sutil, at the north end of Vancouver Island, to Cape Caution on the mainland. The southern end of Queen Charlotte Strait is described as "several narrow channels north and east of Malcolm Island".

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: is

text: strait

text: between

text: Vancouver

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: Mainland

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Canada

text: It

text: connects

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Sound

text: with

text: Johnstone

text: Strait

text: and

text: Discovery

text: Passage

text: and

text: via

text: them

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Georgia

text: and

text: Puget

text: Sound

text: It

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Inside

text: Passage

text: from

text: Washington

text: to

text: Alaska

text: The

text: term

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: region

text: and

text: its

text: many

text: communities

text: notably

text: of

text: the

text: Kwakwaka'wakw

text: peoples

text: Despite

text: its

text: name

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: does

text: not

text: lie

text: between

text: the

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Islands

text: Haida

text: Gwaii

text: and

text: the

text: mainland

text: that

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: is

text: named

text: Hecate

text: Strait

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: BCGNIS

text: the

text: northern

text: boundary

text: of

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: line

text: running

text: Cape

text: Sutil

text: at

text: the

text: north

text: end

text: of

text: Vancouver

text: Island

text: to

text: Cape

text: Caution

text: on

text: the

text: mainland

text: The

text: southern

text: end

text: of

text: Queen

text: Charlotte

text: Strait

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: several

text: narrow

text: channels

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: Malcolm

text: Island

text: A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species. Marshes can often be found at the edges of lakes and streams, where they form a transition between the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. They are often dominated by grasses, rushes or reeds. If woody plants are present they tend to be low-growing shrubs. This form of vegetation is what differentiates marshes from other types of wetland such as swamps, which are dominated by trees, and mires, which are wetlands that have accumulated deposits of acidic peat.

text: marsh

text: is

text: wetland

text: that

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: herbaceous

text: rather

text: than

text: woody

text: plant

text: species

text: Marshes

text: can

text: often

text: be

text: found

text: at

text: the

text: edges

text: of

text: lakes

text: and

text: streams

text: where

text: they

text: form

text: transition

text: between

text: the

text: aquatic

text: and

text: terrestrial

text: ecosystems

text: They

text: are

text: often

text: dominated

text: by

text: grasses

text: rushes

text: or

text: reeds

text: If

text: woody

text: plants

text: are

text: present

text: they

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: low

text: growing

text: shrubs

text: This

text: form

text: of

text: vegetation

text: is

text: what

text: differentiates

text: marshes

text: from

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: wetland

text: such

text: as

text: swamps

text: which

text: are

text: dominated

text: by

text: trees

text: and

text: mires

text: which

text: are

text: wetlands

text: that

text: have

text: accumulated

text: deposits

text: of

text: acidic

text: peat

text: Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. It stands on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of southern Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec; the two form the core of the OttawaGatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) and the National Capital Region (NCR). The 2011 census reported a population of 883,391, making it the fourth-largest city in Canada; and 1,236,324 within the CMA, making it the fourth-largest CMA in Canada. The City of Ottawa reported that the city had an estimated population of 960,754 as of December 2015.

text: Ottawa

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Canada

text: It

text: stands

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: Ottawa

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: portion

text: of

text: southern

text: Ontario

text: Ottawa

text: borders

text: Gatineau

text: Quebec

text: the

text: two

text: form

text: the

text: core

text: of

text: the

text: OttawaGatineau

text: census

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: CMA

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Capital

text: Region

text: NCR

text: The

text: census

text: reported

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Canada

text: and

text: within

text: the

text: CMA

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: CMA

text: in

text: Canada

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: Ottawa

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: December

text: Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.

text: Toronto

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Canada

text: the

text: provincial

text: capital

text: of

text: Ontario

text: and

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Toronto

text: Area

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Canada

text: Growing

text: in

text: population

text: the

text: census

text: recorded

text: population

text: of

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: making

text: Toronto

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: population

text: within

text: its

text: city

text: limits

text: Toronto

text: trails

text: only

text: Mexico

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: by

text: this

text: measure

text: while

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: behind

text: also

text: Chicago

text: if

text: ranked

text: by

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: An

text: established

text: global

text: city

text: Toronto

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: centre

text: of

text: business

text: finance

text: arts

text: and

text: culture

text: and

text: widely

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: multicultural

text: and

text: cosmopolitan

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: An ocean (the sea of classical antiquity) is a body of saline water that composes much of a planet's hydrosphere. On Earth, an ocean is one of the major conventional divisions of the World Ocean, which covers almost 71% of its surface. These are, in descending order by area, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic), and Arctic Oceans. The word "sea" is often used interchangeably with "ocean" in American English but, strictly speaking, a sea is a body of saline water (generally a division of the world ocean) partly or fully enclosed by land.

text: An

text: ocean

text: the

text: sea

text: of

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: saline

text: water

text: that

text: composes

text: much

text: of

text: planet

text: 's

text: hydrosphere

text: On

text: Earth

text: an

text: ocean

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: conventional

text: divisions

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Ocean

text: which

text: covers

text: almost

text: of

text: its

text: surface

text: These

text: are

text: in

text: descending

text: order

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Atlantic

text: Indian

text: Southern

text: Antarctic

text: and

text: Arctic

text: Oceans

text: The

text: word

text: sea

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: with

text: ocean

text: in

text: American

text: English

text: but

text: strictly

text: speaking

text: sea

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: saline

text: water

text: generally

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: ocean

text: partly

text: or

text: fully

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: Quebec City (pronounced or ) officially Québec) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec. In 2015 the city had a population estimate of 545,485, and the metropolitan area had a population of 806,400, making it Canada's seventh-largest metropolitan area and Quebec's second-largest city after Montreal, which is about to the southwest.

text: Quebec

text: City

text: pronounced

text: or

text: officially

text: Québec

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Quebec

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: population

text: estimate

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: Canada

text: 's

text: seventh

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: and

text: Quebec

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: after

text: Montreal

text: which

text: is

text: about

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: The British Columbia Coast or BC Coast is Canada's western continental coastline on the Pacific Ocean. The usage is synonymous with the term West Coast of Canada.

text: The

text: British

text: Columbia

text: Coast

text: or

text: BC

text: Coast

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: western

text: continental

text: coastline

text: on

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: The

text: usage

text: is

text: synonymous

text: with

text: the

text: term

text: West

text: Coast

text: of

text: Canada

text: A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs. Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons and atoll lagoons. They have also been identified as occurring on mixed-sand and gravel coastlines. There is an overlap between bodies of water classified as coastal lagoons and bodies of water classified as estuaries. Lagoons are common coastal features around many parts of the world.

text: lagoon

text: is

text: shallow

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: separated

text: from

text: larger

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: by

text: barrier

text: islands

text: or

text: reefs

text: Lagoons

text: are

text: commonly

text: divided

text: into

text: coastal

text: lagoons

text: and

text: atoll

text: lagoons

text: They

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: identified

text: as

text: occurring

text: on

text: mixed

text: sand

text: and

text: gravel

text: coastlines

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: overlap

text: between

text: bodies

text: of

text: water

text: classified

text: as

text: coastal

text: lagoons

text: and

text: bodies

text: of

text: water

text: classified

text: as

text: estuaries

text: Lagoons

text: are

text: common

text: coastal

text: features

text: around

text: many

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term "tundra" comes through Russian  ("tûndra") from the Kildin Sami word "tndâr" "uplands", "treeless mountain tract". There are three types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline.

text: In

text: physical

text: geography

text: tundra

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: biome

text: where

text: the

text: tree

text: growth

text: is

text: hindered

text: by

text: low

text: temperatures

text: and

text: short

text: growing

text: seasons

text: The

text: term

text: tundra

text: comes

text: through

text: Russian

text: tûndra

text: from

text: the

text: Kildin

text: Sami

text: word

text: tndâr

text: uplands

text: treeless

text: mountain

text: tract

text: There

text: are

text: three

text: types

text: of

text: tundra

text: Arctic

text: tundra

text: alpine

text: tundra

text: and

text: Antarctic

text: tundra

text: In

text: tundra

text: the

text: vegetation

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: dwarf

text: shrubs

text: sedges

text: and

text: grasses

text: mosses

text: and

text: lichens

text: Scattered

text: trees

text: grow

text: in

text: some

text: tundra

text: regions

text: The

text: ecotone

text: or

text: ecological

text: boundary

text: region

text: between

text: the

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: forest

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: tree

text: line

text: or

text: timberline

text: A bay is a body of water connected to an ocean or lake, formed by an indentation of the shoreline. A large bay may be called a "gulf", a "sea", a "sound", or a "bight". A "cove" is a smaller circular or oval coastal inlet with a narrow entrance; some coves may be referred to as bays. A "fjord" is a particularly steep bay shaped by glacial activity.

text: bay

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: connected

text: to

text: an

text: ocean

text: or

text: lake

text: formed

text: by

text: an

text: indentation

text: of

text: the

text: shoreline

text: large

text: bay

text: may

text: be

text: called

text: gulf

text: sea

text: sound

text: or

text: bight

text: cove

text: is

text: smaller

text: circular

text: or

text: oval

text: coastal

text: inlet

text: with

text: narrow

text: entrance

text: some

text: coves

text: may

text: be

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: bays

text: fjord

text: is

text: particularly

text: steep

text: bay

text: shaped

text: by

text: glacial

text: activity

annotations: likely multiple

question: instance_of belize inlet

answer: fjord

text: fjord

text: fjord

text: fjord