text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: Pseudocolus is a genus of fungi in the stinkhorn family . The fruit bodies have three or four simple arms that are initially joined at the tip , but often break apart . The tips of the arms are covered with a slimy , foul - smelling gleba , which attracts insects that help disperse the spores . The genus contains three species : the type Pseudocolus fusiformis , P. garciae , similar in appearance to the type but with a pinkish to red , rather than orange color , and P. grandis , found in India .

text: Pseudocolus

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: fungi

text: in

text: the

text: stinkhorn

text: family

text: The

text: fruit

text: bodies

text: have

text: three

text: or

text: four

text: simple

text: arms

text: that

text: are

text: initially

text: joined

text: at

text: the

text: tip

text: but

text: often

text: break

text: apart

text: The

text: tips

text: of

text: the

text: arms

text: are

text: covered

text: with

text: slimy

text: foul

text: smelling

text: gleba

text: which

text: attracts

text: insects

text: that

text: help

text: disperse

text: the

text: spores

text: The

text: genus

text: contains

text: three

text: species

text: the

text: type

text: Pseudocolus

text: fusiformis

text: garciae

text: similar

text: in

text: appearance

text: to

text: the

text: type

text: but

text: with

text: pinkish

text: to

text: red

text: rather

text: than

text: orange

text: color

text: and

text: grandis

text: found

text: in

text: India

text: Gleba is the fleshy spore-bearing inner mass of certain fungi such as the puffball or stinkhorn.

text: Gleba

text: is

text: the

text: fleshy

text: spore

text: bearing

text: inner

text: mass

text: of

text: certain

text: fungi

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: puffball

text: or

text: stinkhorn

text: Phallaceae is a family of fungi, commonly known as stinkhorn mushrooms, within the order Phallales. Stinkhorns have a worldwide distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical regions. They are known for their foul-smelling, sticky spore masses, or gleba, borne on the end of a stalk called the receptaculum. The characteristic fruiting-body structure, a single, unbranched receptaculum with an externally attached gleba on the upper part, distinguishes the Phallaceae from other families in the Phalalles. The spore mass typically smells of carrion or dung, and attracts flies and other insects to help disperse the spores. Although there is great diversity in body structure shape among the various genera, all species in the Phallaceae begin their development as oval or round structures known as "eggs". According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 21 genera and 77 species.

text: Phallaceae

text: is

text: family

text: of

text: fungi

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: stinkhorn

text: mushrooms

text: within

text: the

text: order

text: Phallales

text: Stinkhorns

text: have

text: worldwide

text: distribution

text: but

text: are

text: especially

text: prevalent

text: in

text: tropical

text: regions

text: They

text: are

text: known

text: for

text: their

text: foul

text: smelling

text: sticky

text: spore

text: masses

text: or

text: gleba

text: borne

text: on

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: stalk

text: called

text: the

text: receptaculum

text: The

text: characteristic

text: fruiting

text: body

text: structure

text: single

text: unbranched

text: receptaculum

text: with

text: an

text: externally

text: attached

text: gleba

text: on

text: the

text: upper

text: part

text: distinguishes

text: the

text: Phallaceae

text: from

text: other

text: families

text: in

text: the

text: Phalalles

text: The

text: spore

text: mass

text: typically

text: smells

text: of

text: carrion

text: or

text: dung

text: and

text: attracts

text: flies

text: and

text: other

text: insects

text: to

text: help

text: disperse

text: the

text: spores

text: Although

text: there

text: is

text: great

text: diversity

text: in

text: body

text: structure

text: shape

text: among

text: the

text: various

text: genera

text: all

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: Phallaceae

text: begin

text: their

text: development

text: as

text: oval

text: or

text: round

text: structures

text: known

text: as

text: eggs

text: According

text: to

text: estimate

text: the

text: family

text: contains

text: genera

text: and

text: species

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text: Pseudocolus fusiformis is a stinkhorn mushroom in the Phallaceae, a family well known for a remarkable range of fruit body types. It is the most widely distributed member of the genus "Pseudocolus" and has been found in the United States, Australia, Japan, Java, and the Philippines. It is commonly known as the stinky squid, because of its fetid odor, and its three or four upright "arms" which are connected at the top. The malodorous smell comes from the dark greenish slimy gleba covering the inside faces of the arms, and attracts insects that help to disperse the spores.

text: Pseudocolus

text: fusiformis

text: is

text: stinkhorn

text: mushroom

text: in

text: the

text: Phallaceae

text: family

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: remarkable

text: range

text: of

text: fruit

text: body

text: types

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: distributed

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Pseudocolus

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Australia

text: Japan

text: Java

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: It

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: stinky

text: squid

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: fetid

text: odor

text: and

text: its

text: three

text: or

text: four

text: upright

text: arms

text: which

text: are

text: connected

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: The

text: malodorous

text: smell

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: dark

text: greenish

text: slimy

text: gleba

text: covering

text: the

text: inside

text: faces

text: of

text: the

text: arms

text: and

text: attracts

text: insects

text: that

text: help

text: to

text: disperse

text: the

text: spores

text: A puffball is a member of any of several groups of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. The puffballs were previously treated as a taxonomic group called the Gasteromycetes or Gasteromycetidae, but they are now known to be a polyphyletic assemblage. The distinguishing feature of all puffballs is that they do not have an open cap with spore-bearing gills. Instead, spores are produced internally, in a spheroidal fruitbody called a gasterothecium (gasteroid ('stomach-like') basidiocarp). As the spores mature, they form a mass called a gleba in the centre of the fruitbody that is often of a distinctive color and texture. The basidiocarp remains closed until after the spores have been released from the basidia. Eventually, it develops an aperture, or dries, becomes brittle, and splits, and the spores escape. The spores of puffballs are statismospores rather than ballistospores, meaning they are not actively shot off the basidium. The fungi are called puffballs because clouds of brown dust-like spores are emitted when the mature fruitbody bursts, or in response to impacts such as those of falling raindrops. Puffballs and similar forms are thought to have evolved convergently (that is, in numerous independent events) from Hymenomycetes by "gasteromycetation", through secotioid stages. Thus, 'Gasteromycetes' and 'Gasteromycetidae' are now considered to be descriptive, morphological terms (more properly "gasteroid" or "gasteromycetes", to avoid taxonomic implications) but not valid cladistic terms.

text: puffball

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: several

text: groups

text: of

text: fungi

text: in

text: the

text: division

text: Basidiomycota

text: The

text: puffballs

text: were

text: previously

text: treated

text: as

text: taxonomic

text: group

text: called

text: the

text: Gasteromycetes

text: or

text: Gasteromycetidae

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: now

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: polyphyletic

text: assemblage

text: The

text: distinguishing

text: feature

text: of

text: all

text: puffballs

text: is

text: that

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: an

text: open

text: cap

text: with

text: spore

text: bearing

text: gills

text: Instead

text: spores

text: are

text: produced

text: internally

text: in

text: spheroidal

text: fruitbody

text: called

text: gasterothecium

text: gasteroid

text: stomach

text: like

text: basidiocarp

text: As

text: the

text: spores

text: mature

text: they

text: form

text: mass

text: called

text: gleba

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: fruitbody

text: that

text: is

text: often

text: of

text: distinctive

text: color

text: and

text: texture

text: The

text: basidiocarp

text: remains

text: closed

text: until

text: after

text: the

text: spores

text: have

text: been

text: released

text: from

text: the

text: basidia

text: Eventually

text: it

text: develops

text: an

text: aperture

text: or

text: dries

text: becomes

text: brittle

text: and

text: splits

text: and

text: the

text: spores

text: escape

text: The

text: spores

text: of

text: puffballs

text: are

text: statismospores

text: rather

text: than

text: ballistospores

text: meaning

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: actively

text: shot

text: off

text: the

text: basidium

text: The

text: fungi

text: are

text: called

text: puffballs

text: because

text: clouds

text: of

text: brown

text: dust

text: like

text: spores

text: are

text: emitted

text: when

text: the

text: mature

text: fruitbody

text: bursts

text: or

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: impacts

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: of

text: falling

text: raindrops

text: Puffballs

text: and

text: similar

text: forms

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: evolved

text: convergently

text: that

text: is

text: in

text: numerous

text: independent

text: events

text: from

text: Hymenomycetes

text: by

text: gasteromycetation

text: through

text: secotioid

text: stages

text: Thus

text: Gasteromycetes

text: and

text: Gasteromycetidae

text: are

text: now

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: descriptive

text: morphological

text: terms

text: more

text: properly

text: gasteroid

text: or

text: gasteromycetes

text: to

text: avoid

text: taxonomic

text: implications

text: but

text: not

text: valid

text: cladistic

text: terms

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

question: parent_taxon pseudocolus

answer: phallaceae

text: phallaceae

text: phallaceae

text: phallaceae

text: phallaceae


text: Time travel is the concept of movement (such as by a human) between certain points in time, analogous to movement between different points in space, typically using a hypothetical device known as a time machine, in the form of a vehicle or of a portal connecting distant points in time. Time travel is a recognized concept in philosophy and fiction, but traveling to an arbitrary point in time has a very limited support in theoretical physics, and usually only in conjunction with quantum mechanics or wormholes, also known as Einstein-Rosen bridges. In a more narrow sense, one-way time travel into the future via time dilation is a well-understood phenomenon within the frameworks of special relativity and general relativity, but advancing a large amount of time is not feasible with current technology. The concept was touched upon in various earlier works of fiction, but was popularized by H. G. Wells' 1895 novel "The Time Machine", which moved the concept of time travel into the public imagination, and it remains a popular subject in science fiction.

text: Time

text: travel

text: is

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: movement

text: such

text: as

text: by

text: human

text: between

text: certain

text: points

text: in

text: time

text: analogous

text: to

text: movement

text: between

text: different

text: points

text: in

text: space

text: typically

text: using

text: hypothetical

text: device

text: known

text: as

text: time

text: machine

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: vehicle

text: or

text: of

text: portal

text: connecting

text: distant

text: points

text: in

text: time

text: Time

text: travel

text: is

text: recognized

text: concept

text: in

text: philosophy

text: and

text: fiction

text: but

text: traveling

text: to

text: an

text: arbitrary

text: point

text: in

text: time

text: has

text: very

text: limited

text: support

text: in

text: theoretical

text: physics

text: and

text: usually

text: only

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: or

text: wormholes

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Einstein

text: Rosen

text: bridges

text: In

text: more

text: narrow

text: sense

text: one

text: way

text: time

text: travel

text: into

text: the

text: future

text: via

text: time

text: dilation

text: is

text: well

text: understood

text: phenomenon

text: within

text: the

text: frameworks

text: of

text: special

text: relativity

text: and

text: general

text: relativity

text: but

text: advancing

text: large

text: amount

text: of

text: time

text: is

text: not

text: feasible

text: with

text: current

text: technology

text: The

text: concept

text: was

text: touched

text: upon

text: in

text: various

text: earlier

text: works

text: of

text: fiction

text: but

text: was

text: popularized

text: by

text: Wells

text: novel

text: The

text: Time

text: Machine

text: which

text: moved

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: time

text: travel

text: into

text: the

text: public

text: imagination

text: and

text: it

text: remains

text: popular

text: subject

text: in

text: science

text: fiction

text: Edward Elmer Smith (also E. E. Smith, E. E. Smith, Ph.D., E. E. "Doc" Smith, Doc Smith, "Skylark" Smith, orto his familyTed; May 2, 1890  August 31, 1965) was an American food engineer (specializing in doughnut and pastry mixes) and an early science-fiction author, best known for the "Lensman" and "Skylark" series. He is sometimes called the father of space opera.

text: Edward

text: Elmer

text: Smith

text: also

text: Smith

text: Smith

text: Ph.D.

text: Doc

text: Smith

text: Doc

text: Smith

text: Skylark

text: Smith

text: orto

text: his

text: familyTed

text: May

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: food

text: engineer

text: specializing

text: in

text: doughnut

text: and

text: pastry

text: mixes

text: and

text: an

text: early

text: science

text: fiction

text: author

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: Lensman

text: and

text: Skylark

text: series

text: He

text: is

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: space

text: opera

text: Second Stage Lensmen is a science fiction novel by author Edward E. Smith , Ph.D. . It was first published in book form in 1953 by Fantasy Press in an edition of 4,934 copies . The novel was originally serialized in the magazine Astounding beginning in 1941 . Second Stage Lensmen is the fifth volume in the Lensman series , and the last to feature Kimball Kinnison as the most powerful Lensman in the service of the Galactic Patrol . Second Stage Lensmen also features the first female Lensman , Clarissa MacDougall . The story mainly focuses upon the exploits of the `` Second Stage '' Lensmen : those who have gone through the advanced Arisian training Kinnison underwent in Galactic Patrol . These four superior Lensmen , Kinnison , Worsel , Tregonsee , and Nadreck , are armed with mental powers allowing them to control the minds of others and see , hear , and feel without using their physical senses ( the `` sense of perception '' ) . This elite cadre allows Civilization to tip the balance against Boskone as Second Stage Lensmen abilities are ideally suited to spying and information gathering .

text: Second

text: Stage

text: Lensmen

text: is

text: science

text: fiction

text: novel

text: by

text: author

text: Edward

text: Smith

text: Ph.D.

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: book

text: form

text: in

text: by

text: Fantasy

text: Press

text: in

text: an

text: edition

text: of

text: copies

text: The

text: novel

text: was

text: originally

text: serialized

text: in

text: the

text: magazine

text: Astounding

text: beginning

text: in

text: Second

text: Stage

text: Lensmen

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: volume

text: in

text: the

text: Lensman

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: last

text: to

text: feature

text: Kimball

text: Kinnison

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: Lensman

text: in

text: the

text: service

text: of

text: the

text: Galactic

text: Patrol

text: Second

text: Stage

text: Lensmen

text: also

text: features

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: Lensman

text: Clarissa

text: MacDougall

text: The

text: story

text: mainly

text: focuses

text: upon

text: the

text: exploits

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Stage

text: Lensmen

text: those

text: who

text: have

text: gone

text: through

text: the

text: advanced

text: Arisian

text: training

text: Kinnison

text: underwent

text: in

text: Galactic

text: Patrol

text: These

text: four

text: superior

text: Lensmen

text: Kinnison

text: Worsel

text: Tregonsee

text: and

text: Nadreck

text: are

text: armed

text: with

text: mental

text: powers

text: allowing

text: them

text: to

text: control

text: the

text: minds

text: of

text: others

text: and

text: see

text: hear

text: and

text: feel

text: without

text: using

text: their

text: physical

text: senses

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: perception

text: This

text: elite

text: cadre

text: allows

text: Civilization

text: to

text: tip

text: the

text: balance

text: against

text: Boskone

text: as

text: Second

text: Stage

text: Lensmen

text: abilities

text: are

text: ideally

text: suited

text: to

text: spying

text: and

text: information

text: gathering

text: Fantasy Press was an American publishing house specialising in fantasy and science fiction titles. Established in 1946 by Lloyd Arthur Eshbach in Reading, Pennsylvania, it was most notable for publishing the works of authors such as Robert A. Heinlein and E. E. Smith. One of its more notable offerings was the Lensman series.

text: Fantasy

text: Press

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: publishing

text: house

text: specialising

text: in

text: fantasy

text: and

text: science

text: fiction

text: titles

text: Established

text: in

text: by

text: Lloyd

text: Arthur

text: Eshbach

text: in

text: Reading

text: Pennsylvania

text: it

text: was

text: most

text: notable

text: for

text: publishing

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: authors

text: such

text: as

text: Robert

text: Heinlein

text: and

text: Smith

text: One

text: of

text: its

text: more

text: notable

text: offerings

text: was

text: the

text: Lensman

text: series

text: Lloyd Arthur Eshbach (June 20, 1910  October 29, 2003) was an American science fiction fan, publisher and writer, secular and religious publisher, and minister.

text: Lloyd

text: Arthur

text: Eshbach

text: June

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: science

text: fiction

text: fan

text: publisher

text: and

text: writer

text: secular

text: and

text: religious

text: publisher

text: and

text: minister

text: Science fiction (often shortened to SF, sci-fi or scifi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually avoids the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection is now limited to hard science fiction.

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: SF

text: sci

text: fi

text: or

text: scifi

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: speculative

text: fiction

text: typically

text: dealing

text: with

text: imaginative

text: concepts

text: such

text: as

text: futuristic

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: space

text: travel

text: time

text: travel

text: faster

text: than

text: light

text: travel

text: parallel

text: universes

text: and

text: extraterrestrial

text: life

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: explores

text: the

text: potential

text: consequences

text: of

text: scientific

text: and

text: other

text: innovations

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: literature

text: of

text: ideas

text: It

text: usually

text: avoids

text: the

text: supernatural

text: and

text: unlike

text: the

text: related

text: genre

text: of

text: fantasy

text: historically

text: science

text: fiction

text: stories

text: were

text: intended

text: to

text: have

text: grounding

text: in

text: science

text: based

text: fact

text: or

text: theory

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: story

text: was

text: created

text: but

text: this

text: connection

text: is

text: now

text: limited

text: to

text: hard

text: science

text: fiction

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: author second stage lensmen

answer: edward elmer smith

text: edward elmer smith


text:
A sports prototype, sometimes referred to as simply a prototype, is a type of race car that is used in the highest level categories of sports car racing. These purpose-built racing cars, unlike street-legal and production-based racing cars, are not intended for consumer purchase or production beyond that required to compete and win races.
Prototype racing cars have competed in sports car racing since before World War II, but became the top echelon of sports cars in the 1960s as they began to replace homologated sports cars. Current ACO regulations allow most sports car series to use two forms of cars: grand tourers (GT), based on street cars, and prototypes, which are allowed a great amount of flexibility within set rule parameters.

text: sports

text: prototype

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: simply

text: prototype

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: race

text: car

text: that

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: highest

text: level

text: categories

text: of

text: sports

text: car

text: racing

text: These

text: purpose

text: built

text: racing

text: cars

text: unlike

text: street

text: legal

text: and

text: production

text: based

text: racing

text: cars

text: are

text: not

text: intended

text: for

text: consumer

text: purchase

text: or

text: production

text: beyond

text: that

text: required

text: to

text: compete

text: and

text: win

text: races

text: Prototype

text: racing

text: cars

text: have

text: competed

text: in

text: sports

text: car

text: racing

text: since

text: before

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: but

text: became

text: the

text: top

text: echelon

text: of

text: sports

text: cars

text: in

text: the

text: as

text: they

text: began

text: to

text: replace

text: homologated

text: sports

text: cars

text: Current

text: ACO

text: regulations

text: allow

text: most

text: sports

text: car

text: series

text: to

text: use

text: two

text: forms

text: of

text: cars

text: grand

text: tourers

text: GT

text: based

text: on

text: street

text: cars

text: and

text: prototypes

text: which

text: are

text: allowed

text: great

text: amount

text: of

text: flexibility

text: within

text: set

text: rule

text: parameters

text: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO  '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states: the United States, France and the United Kingdom. NATO's headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, where the Supreme Allied Commander also resides. Belgium is one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programmes. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total. Members' defence spending is supposed to amount to 2% of GDP.

text: The

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: Organization

text: NATO

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Alliance

text: is

text: an

text: intergovernmental

text: military

text: alliance

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Treaty

text: which

text: was

text: signed

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: organization

text: constitutes

text: system

text: of

text: collective

text: defence

text: whereby

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: agree

text: to

text: mutual

text: defence

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: an

text: attack

text: by

text: any

text: external

text: party

text: Three

text: NATO

text: members

text: are

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: veto

text: and

text: are

text: officially

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: states

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: NATO

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Haren

text: Brussels

text: Belgium

text: where

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Allied

text: Commander

text: also

text: resides

text: Belgium

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: across

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: the

text: newest

text: of

text: which

text: Albania

text: and

text: Croatia

text: joined

text: in

text: April

text: An

text: additional

text: countries

text: participate

text: in

text: NATO

text: 's

text: Partnership

text: for

text: Peace

text: program

text: with

text: other

text: countries

text: involved

text: in

text: institutionalized

text: dialogue

text: programmes

text: The

text: combined

text: military

text: spending

text: of

text: all

text: NATO

text: members

text: constitutes

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: total

text: Members

text: defence

text: spending

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: amount

text: to

text: of

text: GDP

text: Group C was a category of motorsport, introduced by the FIA in 1982 for sports car racing, along with "Group A" for touring cars and "Group B" for GTs.

text: Group

text: was

text: category

text: of

text: motorsport

text: introduced

text: by

text: the

text: FIA

text: in

text: for

text: sports

text: car

text: racing

text: along

text: with

text: Group

text: for

text: touring

text: cars

text: and

text: Group

text: for

text: GTs

text: Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing or automobile racing) is a sport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.

text: Auto

text: racing

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: car

text: racing

text: motor

text: racing

text: or

text: automobile

text: racing

text: is

text: sport

text: involving

text: the

text: racing

text: of

text: automobiles

text: for

text: competition

text: The Nazi party rally grounds (Literally: "Reich Party Congress Grounds") covered about 11 square kilometres in the southeast of Nuremberg, Germany. Six Nazi party rallies were held there between 1933 and 1938.

text: The

text: Nazi

text: party

text: rally

text: grounds

text: Literally

text: Reich

text: Party

text: Congress

text: Grounds

text: covered

text: about

text: square

text: kilometres

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: of

text: Nuremberg

text: Germany

text: Six

text: Nazi

text: party

text: rallies

text: were

text: held

text: there

text: between

text: and

text: The 1987 200 Meilen von Nürnberg was the sixth round of the 1987 World Sports - Prototype Championship , known as the ADAC Norisring Trophäe , as well as the second round of the 1987 German Supercup , known as the Bilstein Cup . It took place at the Norisring temporary street circuit , West Germany on June 28 , 1987 .

text: The

text: Meilen

text: von

text: Nürnberg

text: was

text: the

text: sixth

text: round

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Sports

text: Prototype

text: Championship

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: ADAC

text: Norisring

text: Trophäe

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: round

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Supercup

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Bilstein

text: Cup

text: It

text: took

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: Norisring

text: temporary

text: street

text: circuit

text: West

text: Germany

text: on

text: June

text: The Norisring is a street circuit in Nuremberg, on the former Nazi party rally grounds (in ) site of the NSDAP party conventions. As the city's German name Nürnberg would lead to confusion with the already famous Nürburgring, the old name Noris was chosen for the simple track which is nowadays approx. long.

text: The

text: Norisring

text: is

text: street

text: circuit

text: in

text: Nuremberg

text: on

text: the

text: former

text: Nazi

text: party

text: rally

text: grounds

text: in

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: NSDAP

text: party

text: conventions

text: As

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: German

text: name

text: Nürnberg

text: would

text: lead

text: to

text: confusion

text: with

text: the

text: already

text: famous

text: Nürburgring

text: the

text: old

text: name

text: Noris

text: was

text: chosen

text: for

text: the

text: simple

text: track

text: which

text: is

text: nowadays

text: approx

text: long

text: The Supercup was a West German auto racing series created by the ADAC in 1986 as a replacement for the Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft (DRM). The series used Group C category sports prototypes identical to the ones used in the World Sportscar Championship, yet running nearly exclusively within West Germany. The series lasted for four years before it was cancelled following the 1989 championship.

text: The

text: Supercup

text: was

text: West

text: German

text: auto

text: racing

text: series

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: ADAC

text: in

text: as

text: replacement

text: for

text: the

text: Deutsche

text: Rennsport

text: Meisterschaft

text: DRM

text: The

text: series

text: used

text: Group

text: category

text: sports

text: prototypes

text: identical

text: to

text: the

text: ones

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Sportscar

text: Championship

text: yet

text: running

text: nearly

text: exclusively

text: within

text: West

text: Germany

text: The

text: series

text: lasted

text: for

text: four

text: years

text: before

text: it

text: was

text: cancelled

text: following

text: the

text: championship

text: The World Sportscar Championship was the world series run for sports car racing by the FIA from 1953 to 1992.

text: The

text: World

text: Sportscar

text: Championship

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: series

text: run

text: for

text: sports

text: car

text: racing

text: by

text: the

text: FIA

text: from

text: to

text: West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG (or "RFA") in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. During this Cold War era, NATO-aligned West Germany and Warsaw Pact-aligned East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961 West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. With the reunification of West and East Germany, the Federal Republic of Germany, enlarged now to sixteen states, became known simply as "Germany". This period is also referred to as the Bonn Republic ("Bonner Republik") by historians, alluding to the interwar Weimar Republic and the post-reunification Berlin Republic.

text: West

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: common

text: English

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: or

text: FRG

text: or

text: RFA

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: between

text: its

text: creation

text: on

text: May

text: to

text: German

text: reunification

text: on

text: October

text: During

text: this

text: Cold

text: War

text: era

text: NATO

text: aligned

text: West

text: Germany

text: and

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: aligned

text: East

text: Germany

text: were

text: divided

text: by

text: the

text: Inner

text: German

text: border

text: After

text: West

text: Berlin

text: was

text: physically

text: separated

text: from

text: East

text: Berlin

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: from

text: East

text: Germany

text: by

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Wall

text: This

text: situation

text: ended

text: when

text: East

text: Germany

text: was

text: dissolved

text: and

text: its

text: five

text: states

text: joined

text: the

text: ten

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: reunified

text: city

text: state

text: of

text: Berlin

text: With

text: the

text: reunification

text: of

text: West

text: and

text: East

text: Germany

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: enlarged

text: now

text: to

text: sixteen

text: states

text: became

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Germany

text: This

text: period

text: is

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Bonn

text: Republic

text: Bonner

text: Republik

text: by

text: historians

text: alluding

text: to

text: the

text: interwar

text: Weimar

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: post

text: reunification

text: Berlin

text: Republic

question: sport 1987 200 miles of norisring

answer: motorsport

text: motorsport


text: Greetings from Imrie House is the debut of the Click Five. It was released on August 16, 2005 and reached #15 on the U.S. "Billboard" 200. It contains singles "Just the Girl", "Catch Your Wave" and "Say Goodnight" and an iTunes single, "Pop Princess".

text: Greetings

text: from

text: Imrie

text: House

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: of

text: the

text: Click

text: Five

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: reached

text: on

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Billboard

text: It

text: contains

text: singles

text: Just

text: the

text: Girl

text: Catch

text: Your

text: Wave

text: and

text: Say

text: Goodnight

text: and

text: an

text: iTunes

text: single

text: Pop

text: Princess

text: Power pop is a popular musical genre that draws its inspiration from 1960s British and American rock music. It typically incorporates a combination of musical devices such as strong melodies, clear vocals and crisp vocal harmonies, economical arrangements and prominent guitar riffs. Instrumental solos are usually kept to a minimum, and blues elements are largely downplayed.

text: Power

text: pop

text: is

text: popular

text: musical

text: genre

text: that

text: draws

text: its

text: inspiration

text: from

text: British

text: and

text: American

text: rock

text: music

text: It

text: typically

text: incorporates

text: combination

text: of

text: musical

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: strong

text: melodies

text: clear

text: vocals

text: and

text: crisp

text: vocal

text: harmonies

text: economical

text: arrangements

text: and

text: prominent

text: guitar

text: riffs

text: Instrumental

text: solos

text: are

text: usually

text: kept

text: to

text: minimum

text: and

text: blues

text: elements

text: are

text: largely

text: downplayed

text: Berklee College of Music, located in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, is the largest independent college of contemporary music in the world. Known for the study of jazz and modern American music, it also offers college-level courses in a wide range of contemporary and historic styles, including rock, flamenco, hip hop, reggae, salsa, and bluegrass. , Berklee alumni have been awarded a total of 266 Grammy Awards. Since 2012, Berklee College of Music has also operated a campus in Valencia, Spain.

text: Berklee

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: located

text: in

text: Boston

text: Massachusetts

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: independent

text: college

text: of

text: contemporary

text: music

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Known

text: for

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: jazz

text: and

text: modern

text: American

text: music

text: it

text: also

text: offers

text: college

text: level

text: courses

text: in

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: contemporary

text: and

text: historic

text: styles

text: including

text: rock

text: flamenco

text: hip

text: hop

text: reggae

text: salsa

text: and

text: bluegrass

text: Berklee

text: alumni

text: have

text: been

text: awarded

text: total

text: of

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: Since

text: Berklee

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: has

text: also

text: operated

text: campus

text: in

text: Valencia

text: Spain

text: Eric Dill (born Eric Murnan Dill, February 10, 1981), is an American singer and songwriter.

text: Eric

text: Dill

text: born

text: Eric

text: Murnan

text: Dill

text: February

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: Modern Minds and Pastimes is the second album of The Click Five , released on June 26 , 2007 . The album contains four singles `` Jenny '' , `` Happy Birthday '' , `` Empty '' and `` Flipside '' . It was well received in Southeast Asia although the album only reached position # 136 in the US Billboard 200 albums chart .

text: Modern

text: Minds

text: and

text: Pastimes

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: album

text: of

text: The

text: Click

text: Five

text: released

text: on

text: June

text: The

text: album

text: contains

text: four

text: singles

text: Jenny

text: Happy

text: Birthday

text: Empty

text: and

text: Flipside

text: It

text: was

text: well

text: received

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: although

text: the

text: album

text: only

text: reached

text: position

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: Billboard

text: albums

text: chart

text: The Click Five (often abbreviated as TC5) was an American rock band from Boston, Massachusetts. The original members, most of them students at Berklee College of Music, started on January 1, 2004 and played in various local venues. They then quickly got the attention of talent scout Wayne Sharp (who had worked with the power pop group Candy). The Click Five made their first recording, a two-song demo session, in early 2004 after successful local touring. They released their debut album "Greetings from Imrie House" in 2005. After vocalist Eric Dill left the group, he was replaced by Kyle Patrick who debuted on their second album "Modern Minds and Pastimes" in 2007. Their third album, "TCV", was released in Asia in 2010 and to the rest of the world in early 2011.

text: The

text: Click

text: Five

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: rock

text: band

text: from

text: Boston

text: Massachusetts

text: The

text: original

text: members

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: students

text: at

text: Berklee

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: started

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: played

text: in

text: various

text: local

text: venues

text: They

text: then

text: quickly

text: got

text: the

text: attention

text: of

text: talent

text: scout

text: Wayne

text: Sharp

text: who

text: had

text: worked

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: pop

text: group

text: Candy

text: The

text: Click

text: Five

text: made

text: their

text: first

text: recording

text: two

text: song

text: demo

text: session

text: in

text: early

text: after

text: successful

text: local

text: touring

text: They

text: released

text: their

text: debut

text: album

text: Greetings

text: from

text: Imrie

text: House

text: in

text: After

text: vocalist

text: Eric

text: Dill

text: left

text: the

text: group

text: he

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: Kyle

text: Patrick

text: who

text: debuted

text: on

text: their

text: second

text: album

text: Modern

text: Minds

text: and

text: Pastimes

text: in

text: Their

text: third

text: album

text: TCV

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Asia

text: in

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: early

question: follows modern minds and pastimes

answer: greetings from imrie house

text: greetings from imrie house

text: greetings from imrie house


text: Pop Idol is a British television music competition created by Simon Fuller which ran on ITV from 2001 to 2003. The aim of the show was to decide the best new young pop singer (or "pop idol") in the UK based on viewer voting and participation. Two series were broadcastone in 20012002 and a second in 2003. "Pop Idol" was subsequently put on an indefinite hiatus after series judge Simon Cowell announced the launch of "The X Factor" in the UK in April 2004.

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: is

text: British

text: television

text: music

text: competition

text: created

text: by

text: Simon

text: Fuller

text: which

text: ran

text: on

text: ITV

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: aim

text: of

text: the

text: show

text: was

text: to

text: decide

text: the

text: best

text: new

text: young

text: pop

text: singer

text: or

text: pop

text: idol

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: based

text: on

text: viewer

text: voting

text: and

text: participation

text: Two

text: series

text: were

text: broadcastone

text: in

text: and

text: second

text: in

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: was

text: subsequently

text: put

text: on

text: an

text: indefinite

text: hiatus

text: after

text: series

text: judge

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: announced

text: the

text: launch

text: of

text: The

text: Factor

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: in

text: April

text: Nouvelle Star ( a.k.a. À la Recherche de la Nouvelle Star for the first series ) is a French television series based on the popular Pop Idol programme produced by FremantleMedia . It was broadcast by M6 in seasons 1 -- 8 and is currently broadcast on D8 . It was hosted by Benjamin Castaldi for the first three series ( 2003 -- 2005 ) . He also hosted 13 episodes of Series 4 ( 2006 ) . Virginie Efira presented the remainder of Series 4 , as well as presenting Series 5 and 6 ( 2007 and 2008 ) . Seasons 7 ( 2009 ) and 8 ( 2010 ) are presented by Virginie Guilhaume . Since season 9 , Cyril Hanouna is the Nouvelle Star 's TV host . On 4 July 2012 , Bibiane Godfroid , program director of Nouvelle Star announced that the show will not return on M6 but will instead be on D8 , after its acquisition by Canal + .

text: Nouvelle

text: Star

text: a.k.a

text: À

text: la

text: Recherche

text: de

text: la

text: Nouvelle

text: Star

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: series

text: is

text: French

text: television

text: series

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: popular

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: programme

text: produced

text: by

text: FremantleMedia

text: It

text: was

text: broadcast

text: by

text: in

text: seasons

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: broadcast

text: on

text: It

text: was

text: hosted

text: by

text: Benjamin

text: Castaldi

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: three

text: series

text: He

text: also

text: hosted

text: episodes

text: of

text: Series

text: Virginie

text: Efira

text: presented

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: Series

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: presenting

text: Series

text: and

text: and

text: Seasons

text: and

text: are

text: presented

text: by

text: Virginie

text: Guilhaume

text: Since

text: season

text: Cyril

text: Hanouna

text: is

text: the

text: Nouvelle

text: Star

text: 's

text: TV

text: host

text: On

text: July

text: Bibiane

text: Godfroid

text: program

text: director

text: of

text: Nouvelle

text: Star

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: show

text: will

text: not

text: return

text: on

text: but

text: will

text: instead

text: be

text: on

text: after

text: its

text: acquisition

text: by

text: Canal

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

text: FremantleMedia Group is a British international television content and production/distribution subsidiary of Bertelsmann's RTL Group, Europe's largest TV, radio, and production company. Its world headquarters are located in London.

text: FremantleMedia

text: Group

text: is

text: British

text: international

text: television

text: content

text: and

text: production

text: distribution

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Bertelsmann

text: 's

text: RTL

text: Group

text: Europe

text: 's

text: largest

text: TV

text: radio

text: and

text: production

text: company

text: Its

text: world

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: London

text: The X Factor is a television music competition franchise created by Simon Cowell. It originated in the United Kingdom, where it was devised as a replacement for "Pop Idol" (200103). It is held in various countries. The programmes are produced by executive producer Simon Cowell and his company SYCOtv. The "X Factor" of the title refers to the undefinable "something" that makes for star quality. The prize is usually a recording contract, in addition to the publicity that appearance in the later stages of the show itself generates, not only for the winner but also for other highly ranked contestants.

text: The

text: Factor

text: is

text: television

text: music

text: competition

text: franchise

text: created

text: by

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: It

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: where

text: it

text: was

text: devised

text: as

text: replacement

text: for

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: It

text: is

text: held

text: in

text: various

text: countries

text: The

text: programmes

text: are

text: produced

text: by

text: executive

text: producer

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: and

text: his

text: company

text: SYCOtv

text: The

text: Factor

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: undefinable

text: something

text: that

text: makes

text: for

text: star

text: quality

text: The

text: prize

text: is

text: usually

text: recording

text: contract

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: publicity

text: that

text: appearance

text: in

text: the

text: later

text: stages

text: of

text: the

text: show

text: itself

text: generates

text: not

text: only

text: for

text: the

text: winner

text: but

text: also

text: for

text: other

text: highly

text: ranked

text: contestants

text: À la Recherche de la Nouvelle Star (Looking for the new Star) is a reality television show based on the popular British show "Pop Idol". The show is a contest to determine the best young singer in La Francophonie. It was hosted by Benjamin Castaldi. The Belgian singer Jonatan Cerrada won over Thierry Amiel with 50.4% of the total votes, and went on to represent France at the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest, with "À chaque pas".

text: À

text: la

text: Recherche

text: de

text: la

text: Nouvelle

text: Star

text: Looking

text: for

text: the

text: new

text: Star

text: is

text: reality

text: television

text: show

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: popular

text: British

text: show

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: The

text: show

text: is

text: contest

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: best

text: young

text: singer

text: in

text: La

text: Francophonie

text: It

text: was

text: hosted

text: by

text: Benjamin

text: Castaldi

text: The

text: Belgian

text: singer

text: Jonatan

text: Cerrada

text: won

text: over

text: Thierry

text: Amiel

text: with

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: votes

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: represent

text: France

text: at

text: the

text: Eurovision

text: Song

text: Contest

text: with

text: À

text: chaque

text: pas

text: Simon Fuller (born 17 May 1960) is an English entrepreneur, artist manager and television producer. He is best known for being the creator of the "Idol" franchise, which was first seen in the UK under the name "Pop Idol", and includes "American Idol" in the U.S. Fuller is the executive producer of many other hit shows including the Fox TV reality shows "So You Think You Can Dance" and "Q'Viva".

text: Simon

text: Fuller

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: entrepreneur

text: artist

text: manager

text: and

text: television

text: producer

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: the

text: Idol

text: franchise

text: which

text: was

text: first

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: and

text: includes

text: American

text: Idol

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Fuller

text: is

text: the

text: executive

text: producer

text: of

text: many

text: other

text: hit

text: shows

text: including

text: the

text: Fox

text: TV

text: reality

text: shows

text: So

text: You

text: Think

text: You

text: Can

text: Dance

text: and

text: Q'Viva

annotations: likely multiple

question: creator nouvelle star

answer: simon fuller

text: simon fuller

text: simon fuller