text: A prefectural-level municipality, prefectural-level city or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative structure (alongside prefectures, leagues and autonomous prefectures). Administrative chiefs (mayors) of prefectural level cities generally have the same rank as a division chief of a national ministry. Since the 1980s, most former prefectures have been renamed into prefectural level cities.

text: prefectural

text: level

text: municipality

text: prefectural

text: level

text: city

text: or

text: prefectural

text: city

text: is

text: an

text: administrative

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: ranking

text: below

text: province

text: and

text: above

text: county

text: in

text: China

text: 's

text: administrative

text: structure

text: Prefectural

text: level

text: cities

text: form

text: the

text: second

text: level

text: of

text: the

text: administrative

text: structure

text: alongside

text: prefectures

text: leagues

text: and

text: autonomous

text: prefectures

text: Administrative

text: chiefs

text: mayors

text: of

text: prefectural

text: level

text: cities

text: generally

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: rank

text: as

text: division

text: chief

text: of

text: national

text: ministry

text: Since

text: the

text: most

text: former

text: prefectures

text: have

text: been

text: renamed

text: into

text: prefectural

text: level

text: cities

text: The 1908 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the IV Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was held in 1908 in London, England from 27 April to 31 October 1908. These games were originally scheduled to be held in Rome, but were re-located on financial grounds following a disastrous eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1906. They were the fourth chronological modern Olympic Games in keeping with the now-accepted four-year cycle as opposed to the proposed Intercalated Games alternate four-year cycle. The IOC president for these Games was Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Lasting a total of 187 days, or 6 months and 4 days, these games were the longest in modern Olympics history.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: officially

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: IV

text: Olympiad

text: were

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: which

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: in

text: London

text: England

text: from

text: April

text: to

text: October

text: These

text: games

text: were

text: originally

text: scheduled

text: to

text: be

text: held

text: in

text: Rome

text: but

text: were

text: re

text: located

text: on

text: financial

text: grounds

text: following

text: disastrous

text: eruption

text: of

text: Mount

text: Vesuvius

text: in

text: They

text: were

text: the

text: fourth

text: chronological

text: modern

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: in

text: keeping

text: with

text: the

text: now

text: accepted

text: four

text: year

text: cycle

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: proposed

text: Intercalated

text: Games

text: alternate

text: four

text: year

text: cycle

text: The

text: IOC

text: president

text: for

text: these

text: Games

text: was

text: Baron

text: Pierre

text: de

text: Coubertin

text: Lasting

text: total

text: of

text: days

text: or

text: months

text: and

text: days

text: these

text: games

text: were

text: the

text: longest

text: in

text: modern

text: Olympics

text: history

text: A bronze medal in sports and other similar areas involving competition is a medal made of bronze awarded to the third-place finisher of contests or competitions such as the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, etc. The outright winner receives a gold medal and the second place a silver medal. More generally, bronze is traditionally the most common metal used for all types of high-quality medals, including artistic ones. The practice of awarding bronze third place medals began at the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Louis, Missouri, prior to which only first and second places were awarded.

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: sports

text: and

text: other

text: similar

text: areas

text: involving

text: competition

text: is

text: medal

text: made

text: of

text: bronze

text: awarded

text: to

text: the

text: third

text: place

text: finisher

text: of

text: contests

text: or

text: competitions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: Commonwealth

text: Games

text: etc

text: The

text: outright

text: winner

text: receives

text: gold

text: medal

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: place

text: silver

text: medal

text: More

text: generally

text: bronze

text: is

text: traditionally

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: metal

text: used

text: for

text: all

text: types

text: of

text: high

text: quality

text: medals

text: including

text: artistic

text: ones

text: The

text: practice

text: of

text: awarding

text: bronze

text: third

text: place

text: medals

text: began

text: at

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: prior

text: to

text: which

text: only

text: first

text: and

text: second

text: places

text: were

text: awarded

text:
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia. Neighbors include China (officially the People's Republic of China, abbreviated as PRC) to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
Taiwan is the most populous state that is not a member of the United Nations, and the one with the largest economy.

text: Taiwan

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: ROC

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: Neighbors

text: include

text: China

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: PRC

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Japan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Taiwan

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: and

text: the

text: one

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: economy

text: A runner-up is a participant who finishes in second place in any of a variety of competitive endeavors, especially sporting events and beauty pageants; in the latter instance, the term is applied to more than one of the highest-ranked non-winning contestants, the second-place finisher being designated "first runner-up", the third-place finisher "second runner-up", and so on.

text: runner

text: up

text: is

text: participant

text: who

text: finishes

text: in

text: second

text: place

text: in

text: any

text: of

text: variety

text: of

text: competitive

text: endeavors

text: especially

text: sporting

text: events

text: and

text: beauty

text: pageants

text: in

text: the

text: latter

text: instance

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: ranked

text: non

text: winning

text: contestants

text: the

text: second

text: place

text: finisher

text: being

text: designated

text: first

text: runner

text: up

text: the

text: third

text: place

text: finisher

text: second

text: runner

text: up

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as "lo Stivale" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.

text: Italy

text: officially

text: the

text: Italian

text: Republic

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Italy

text: shares

text: open

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: France

text: Switzerland

text: Austria

text: Slovenia

text: San

text: Marino

text: and

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Italy

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: climate

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: shape

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: Italy

text: as

text: lo

text: Stivale

text: the

text: Boot

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: EU

text: member

text: state

text: Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, and often referred to as the "Lion City" or the "Little Red Dot", is a sovereign city-state in Southeast Asia, and the world's only island city-state. It lies one degree (137 km) north of the equator, south of the southernmost tip of continental Asia and peninsular Malaysia, with Indonesia's Riau Islands to the south. Singapore's territory consists of a diamond-shaped main island along with 62 other islets. Since independence, extensive land reclamation has increased its total size by 23% (130 km), and its greening policy has covered the densely populated island with tropical flora, parks and gardens.

text: Singapore

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Singapore

text: and

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Lion

text: City

text: or

text: the

text: Little

text: Red

text: Dot

text: is

text: sovereign

text: city

text: state

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: only

text: island

text: city

text: state

text: It

text: lies

text: one

text: degree

text: km

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: equator

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: southernmost

text: tip

text: of

text: continental

text: Asia

text: and

text: peninsular

text: Malaysia

text: with

text: Indonesia

text: 's

text: Riau

text: Islands

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Singapore

text: 's

text: territory

text: consists

text: of

text: diamond

text: shaped

text: main

text: island

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: islets

text: Since

text: independence

text: extensive

text: land

text: reclamation

text: has

text: increased

text: its

text: total

text: size

text: by

text: km

text: and

text: its

text: greening

text: policy

text: has

text: covered

text: the

text: densely

text: populated

text: island

text: with

text: tropical

text: flora

text: parks

text: and

text: gardens

text: Peninsular Malaysia, also known as West Malaysia (formerly Malaya), is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula and surrounding islands. Its area is . It shares a land border with Thailand in the north. To the south is the island of Singapore.

text: Peninsular

text: Malaysia

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: West

text: Malaysia

text: formerly

text: Malaya

text: is

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: Malaysia

text: which

text: lies

text: on

text: the

text: Malay

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: surrounding

text: islands

text: Its

text: area

text: is

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: To

text: the

text: south

text: is

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Singapore

text: "Little red dot" (or "The Red Dot", or "Little Red Dot") is a nickname often used in the media, and in casual conversation, as a reference to Singapore. It refers to how the nation is depicted on many maps of the world and of Asia as a red dot. The city-state comprising the main island and all its islets  a total land area of no more than   is much smaller than its Southeast Asian neighbours.

text: Little

text: red

text: dot

text: or

text: The

text: Red

text: Dot

text: or

text: Little

text: Red

text: Dot

text: is

text: nickname

text: often

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: media

text: and

text: in

text: casual

text: conversation

text: as

text: reference

text: to

text: Singapore

text: It

text: refers

text: to

text: how

text: the

text: nation

text: is

text: depicted

text: on

text: many

text: maps

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: of

text: Asia

text: as

text: red

text: dot

text: The

text: city

text: state

text: comprising

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: and

text: all

text: its

text: islets

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: is

text: much

text: smaller

text: than

text: its

text: Southeast

text: Asian

text: neighbours

text: Mainland China, also known as the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is the geopolitical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It generally excludes the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau; however, it usually includes Hainan. The term "mainland China", which avoids calling the area simply "China" and thereby recognizing the founding of the PRC as "the" "China", was coined by the Kuomintang (KMT) after receiving control of Taiwan from Japan after World War II. By 1949, the KMT-led Republic of China (ROC) government was defeated in the Chinese Civil War in mainland China and fled to the island of Taiwan where the KMT pledged to "retake the Mainland". The KMT considers both sides of the Taiwan Strait (including Taiwan), as (one) "China" and one country, whereas Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) considers only mainland China as "China" and Taiwan (ROC) as "Taiwan" and maintains that they are different countries.

text: Mainland

text: China

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Chinese

text: mainland

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: mainland

text: is

text: the

text: geopolitical

text: area

text: under

text: the

text: direct

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: It

text: generally

text: excludes

text: the

text: Special

text: Administrative

text: Regions

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macau

text: however

text: it

text: usually

text: includes

text: Hainan

text: The

text: term

text: mainland

text: China

text: which

text: avoids

text: calling

text: the

text: area

text: simply

text: China

text: and

text: thereby

text: recognizing

text: the

text: founding

text: of

text: the

text: PRC

text: as

text: the

text: China

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: the

text: Kuomintang

text: KMT

text: after

text: receiving

text: control

text: of

text: Taiwan

text: from

text: Japan

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: By

text: the

text: KMT

text: led

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: ROC

text: government

text: was

text: defeated

text: in

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: in

text: mainland

text: China

text: and

text: fled

text: to

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Taiwan

text: where

text: the

text: KMT

text: pledged

text: to

text: retake

text: the

text: Mainland

text: The

text: KMT

text: considers

text: both

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: Taiwan

text: Strait

text: including

text: Taiwan

text: as

text: one

text: China

text: and

text: one

text: country

text: whereas

text: Taiwan

text: 's

text: Democratic

text: Progressive

text: Party

text: DPP

text: considers

text: only

text: mainland

text: China

text: as

text: China

text: and

text: Taiwan

text: ROC

text: as

text: Taiwan

text: and

text: maintains

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: different

text: countries

text: Indonesia (or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country's population.

text: Indonesia

text: or

text: Indonesian

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Indonesia

text: is

text: unitary

text: sovereign

text: state

text: and

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: located

text: mainly

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: with

text: some

text: territories

text: in

text: Oceania

text: Situated

text: between

text: the

text: Indian

text: and

text: Pacific

text: oceans

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: island

text: country

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: seventeen

text: thousand

text: islands

text: At

text: Indonesia

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: combined

text: sea

text: and

text: land

text: area

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: Austronesian

text: nation

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: Muslim

text: majority

text: country

text: The

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: island

text: of

text: Java

text: contains

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from ) and the atomic number 79. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. It is one of the least reactive chemical elements and is solid under standard conditions. Gold often occurs in free elemental (native) form, as nuggets or grains, in rocks, in veins, and in alluvial deposits. It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver (as electrum) and also naturally alloyed with copper and palladium. Less commonly, it occurs in minerals as gold compounds, often with tellurium (gold tellurides).

text: Gold

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: the

text: symbol

text: Au

text: from

text: and

text: the

text: atomic

text: number

text: In

text: its

text: purest

text: form

text: it

text: is

text: bright

text: slightly

text: reddish

text: yellow

text: dense

text: soft

text: malleable

text: and

text: ductile

text: metal

text: Chemically

text: gold

text: is

text: transition

text: metal

text: and

text: group

text: element

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: least

text: reactive

text: chemical

text: elements

text: and

text: is

text: solid

text: under

text: standard

text: conditions

text: Gold

text: often

text: occurs

text: in

text: free

text: elemental

text: native

text: form

text: as

text: nuggets

text: or

text: grains

text: in

text: rocks

text: in

text: veins

text: and

text: in

text: alluvial

text: deposits

text: It

text: occurs

text: in

text: solid

text: solution

text: series

text: with

text: the

text: native

text: element

text: silver

text: as

text: electrum

text: and

text: also

text: naturally

text: alloyed

text: with

text: copper

text: and

text: palladium

text: Less

text: commonly

text: it

text: occurs

text: in

text: minerals

text: as

text: gold

text: compounds

text: often

text: with

text: tellurium

text: gold

text: tellurides

text: The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years. The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904. The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: or

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: Olympiad

text: first

text: held

text: in

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: that

text: is

text: hosted

text: by

text: different

text: city

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: The

text: most

text: recent

text: Olympics

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: Rio

text: de

text: Janeiro

text: Brazil

text: The

text: International

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: organizes

text: the

text: games

text: and

text: oversees

text: the

text: host

text: city

text: 's

text: preparations

text: In

text: each

text: Olympic

text: event

text: gold

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: first

text: place

text: silver

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: second

text: place

text: and

text: bronze

text: medals

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: third

text: this

text: tradition

text: began

text: in

text: The

text: Winter

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: were

text: created

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the "clean", the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the Deltoids, without resting fully on the Clavicles. During the "jerk" the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

text: The

text: clean

text: and

text: jerk

text: is

text: composite

text: of

text: two

text: weightlifting

text: movements

text: most

text: often

text: performed

text: with

text: barbell

text: the

text: clean

text: and

text: the

text: jerk

text: During

text: the

text: clean

text: the

text: lifter

text: moves

text: the

text: barbell

text: from

text: the

text: floor

text: to

text: racked

text: position

text: across

text: the

text: Deltoids

text: without

text: resting

text: fully

text: on

text: the

text: Clavicles

text: During

text: the

text: jerk

text: the

text: lifter

text: raises

text: the

text: barbell

text: to

text: stationary

text: position

text: above

text: the

text: head

text: finishing

text: with

text: straight

text: arms

text: and

text: legs

text: and

text: the

text: feet

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: plane

text: as

text: the

text: torso

text: and

text: barbell

text: The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The CPC is the sole governing party of China, although it coexists alongside eight other legal parties that comprise the United Front; these parties, however, hold no real power or independence from the CPC. It was founded in 1921, chiefly by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao. The party grew quickly, and by 1949 the CPC had driven the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) government from mainland China after the Chinese Civil War, thus leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The CPC is currently the world's second largest political party with a membership of 88.76 million as of 2016 (while the Indian Bharatiya Janata Party appears to have remained the largest with a membership of 110 million as of the previous year, 2015). It also controls the world's largest armed force, the People's Liberation Army.

text: The

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: CPC

text: is

text: the

text: founding

text: and

text: ruling

text: political

text: party

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: The

text: CPC

text: is

text: the

text: sole

text: governing

text: party

text: of

text: China

text: although

text: it

text: coexists

text: alongside

text: eight

text: other

text: legal

text: parties

text: that

text: comprise

text: the

text: United

text: Front

text: these

text: parties

text: however

text: hold

text: no

text: real

text: power

text: or

text: independence

text: from

text: the

text: CPC

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: chiefly

text: by

text: Chen

text: Duxiu

text: and

text: Li

text: Dazhao

text: The

text: party

text: grew

text: quickly

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: CPC

text: had

text: driven

text: the

text: nationalist

text: Kuomintang

text: KMT

text: government

text: from

text: mainland

text: China

text: after

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: thus

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: The

text: CPC

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: political

text: party

text: with

text: membership

text: of

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: while

text: the

text: Indian

text: Bharatiya

text: Janata

text: Party

text: appears

text: to

text: have

text: remained

text: the

text: largest

text: with

text: membership

text: of

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: It

text: also

text: controls

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: armed

text: force

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Liberation

text: Army

text: Shenzhen is a major city in Guangdong Province, China. The city is located immediately north of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and holds sub-provincial administrative status, with powers slightly less than a province.

text: Shenzhen

text: is

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: Guangdong

text: Province

text: China

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: immediately

text: north

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Special

text: Administrative

text: Region

text: and

text: holds

text: sub

text: provincial

text: administrative

text: status

text: with

text: powers

text: slightly

text: less

text: than

text: province

text: International mostly means something (a company, language, or organization) involving more than a single country. The term international as a word means involvement of, interaction between or encompassing more than one nation, or generally beyond national boundaries. For example, international law, which is applied by more than one country and usually everywhere on Earth, and international language which is a language spoken by residents of more than one country.

text: International

text: mostly

text: means

text: something

text: company

text: language

text: or

text: organization

text: involving

text: more

text: than

text: single

text: country

text: The

text: term

text: international

text: as

text: word

text: means

text: involvement

text: of

text: interaction

text: between

text: or

text: encompassing

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: nation

text: or

text: generally

text: beyond

text: national

text: boundaries

text: For

text: example

text: international

text: law

text: which

text: is

text: applied

text: by

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: country

text: and

text: usually

text: everywhere

text: on

text: Earth

text: and

text: international

text: language

text: which

text: is

text: language

text: spoken

text: by

text: residents

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: country

text: Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as stiffness, ductility, or machinability.

text: Bronze

text: is

text: an

text: alloy

text: consisting

text: primarily

text: of

text: copper

text: commonly

text: with

text: about

text: tin

text: and

text: often

text: with

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: other

text: metals

text: such

text: as

text: aluminium

text: manganese

text: nickel

text: or

text: zinc

text: and

text: sometimes

text: non

text: metals

text: or

text: metalloids

text: such

text: as

text: arsenic

text: phosphorus

text: or

text: silicon

text: These

text: additions

text: produce

text: range

text: of

text: alloys

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: harder

text: than

text: copper

text: alone

text: or

text: have

text: other

text: useful

text: properties

text: such

text: as

text: stiffness

text: ductility

text: or

text: machinability

text: The modern Olympic Games or Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.

text: The

text: modern

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: or

text: Olympics

text: are

text: leading

text: international

text: sporting

text: events

text: featuring

text: summer

text: and

text: winter

text: sports

text: competitions

text: in

text: which

text: thousands

text: of

text: athletes

text: from

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: participate

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: competitions

text: The

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: are

text: considered

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: foremost

text: sports

text: competition

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: nations

text: participating

text: The

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: are

text: held

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: with

text: the

text: Summer

text: and

text: Winter

text: Games

text: alternating

text: by

text: occurring

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: but

text: two

text: years

text: apart

text: A barbell is a piece of exercise equipment used in weight training, bodybuilding, weightlifting and powerlifting, consisting of a long bar, usually with weights attached at each end.

text: barbell

text: is

text: piece

text: of

text: exercise

text: equipment

text: used

text: in

text: weight

text: training

text: bodybuilding

text: weightlifting

text: and

text: powerlifting

text: consisting

text: of

text: long

text: bar

text: usually

text: with

text: weights

text: attached

text: at

text: each

text: end

text: Sichuan, formerly romanized as Szechwan, is a province in southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin between the Himalayas on the west, the Daba in the north, and the Yungui Plateau to the east. Sichuan's capital is Chengdu.

text: Sichuan

text: formerly

text: romanized

text: as

text: Szechwan

text: is

text: province

text: in

text: southwest

text: China

text: occupying

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: Sichuan

text: Basin

text: between

text: the

text: Himalayas

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Daba

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Yungui

text: Plateau

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Sichuan

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Chengdu

text: A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralised government that has sovereignty over a geographic area. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined territory, one government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood that a sovereign state is neither dependent on nor subjected to any other power or state.

text: sovereign

text: state

text: is

text: in

text: international

text: law

text: nonphysical

text: juridical

text: entity

text: that

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: one

text: centralised

text: government

text: that

text: has

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: geographic

text: area

text: International

text: law

text: defines

text: sovereign

text: states

text: as

text: having

text: permanent

text: population

text: defined

text: territory

text: one

text: government

text: and

text: the

text: capacity

text: to

text: enter

text: into

text: relations

text: with

text: other

text: sovereign

text: states

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: normally

text: understood

text: that

text: sovereign

text: state

text: is

text: neither

text: dependent

text: on

text: nor

text: subjected

text: to

text: any

text: other

text: power

text: or

text: state

text: Jieyang is a prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Shantou to the east, Chaozhou to the northeast, Meizhou to the north, Shanwei to the west, and looks out to the South China Sea to the south.

text: Jieyang

text: is

text: prefecture

text: level

text: city

text: in

text: Guangdong

text: Province

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: It

text: borders

text: Shantou

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Chaozhou

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Meizhou

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Shanwei

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: looks

text: out

text: to

text: the

text: South

text: China

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The Equator usually refers to an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. The Equator is about long; some 78.7% lies across water and 21.3% over land.

text: The

text: Equator

text: usually

text: refers

text: to

text: an

text: imaginary

text: line

text: on

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: equidistant

text: from

text: the

text: North

text: Pole

text: and

text: South

text: Pole

text: dividing

text: the

text: Earth

text: into

text: the

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: and

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: The

text: Equator

text: is

text: about

text: long

text: some

text: lies

text: across

text: water

text: and

text: over

text: land

text: The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad (Italian: "Giochi della XVII Olimpiade"), was an international multi-sport event held from August 25 to September 11, 1960, in Rome, Italy. Rome had been awarded the organization of the 1908 Summer Olympics, but after the 1906 eruption of Mount Vesuvius, was forced to decline and pass the honors to London.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: XVII

text: Olympiad

text: Italian

text: Giochi

text: della

text: XVII

text: Olimpiade

text: was

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: held

text: from

text: August

text: to

text: September

text: in

text: Rome

text: Italy

text: Rome

text: had

text: been

text: awarded

text: the

text: organization

text: of

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: but

text: after

text: the

text: eruption

text: of

text: Mount

text: Vesuvius

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: decline

text: and

text: pass

text: the

text: honors

text: to

text: London

text: The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and commonly known as Beijing 2008, was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Beijing, China, from 8 to 24 August 2008. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 28 sports and 302 events (a total of one event more than the schedule of the 2004 Games). China became the 22nd nation to host the Olympic Games and the 18th to hold a Summer Olympic Games. It was the third time that the Summer Olympic Games were held in East Asia and Asia, after Tokyo, Japan, in 1964 and Seoul, South Korea, in 1988.

text: The

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Games

text: of

text: the

text: XXIX

text: Olympiad

text: and

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Beijing

text: was

text: major

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Beijing

text: China

text: from

text: to

text: August

text: total

text: of

text: athletes

text: from

text: National

text: Olympic

text: Committees

text: NOCs

text: competed

text: in

text: sports

text: and

text: events

text: total

text: of

text: one

text: event

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: schedule

text: of

text: the

text: Games

text: China

text: became

text: the

text: nation

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: and

text: the

text: to

text: hold

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: third

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: and

text: Asia

text: after

text: Tokyo

text: Japan

text: in

text: and

text: Seoul

text: South

text: Korea

text: in

text: Shanghai (": Zånhae" ), often abbreviated as Hu or Shen, is one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of the People's Republic of China. It is the most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million . It is a global financial centre and transport hub, with the world's busiest container port. Located in the Yangtze River Delta in East China, Shanghai sits on the south edge of the mouth of the Yangtze in the middle portion of the Chinese coast. The municipality borders the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the north, south and west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.

text: Shanghai

text: Zånhae

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: Hu

text: or

text: Shen

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: It

text: is

text: global

text: financial

text: centre

text: and

text: transport

text: hub

text: with

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: busiest

text: container

text: port

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: Yangtze

text: River

text: Delta

text: in

text: East

text: China

text: Shanghai

text: sits

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Yangtze

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: coast

text: The

text: municipality

text: borders

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Jiangsu

text: and

text: Zhejiang

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: and

text: is

text: bounded

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: East

text: China

text: Sea

text: Shantou, formerly romanized as Swatow and sometimes known as Santow from its local Teochew pronunciation, is a prefecture-level city on the eastern coast of Guangdong province, China, with a total population of 5,391,028 as of 2010 and an administrative area of . Shantou has direct jurisdiction over six districts and one county, and the six urban districts of Shantou have a population of 5,330,764. With it and the surrounding cities of Jieyang and Chaozhou, the metropolitan region known as Chaoshan covers an area of , and had a permanent population of 13,937,897 at the end of 2010. It's built up area spread of 11 districts was home to 11,635,577 inhabitants at the 2010 census.

text: Shantou

text: formerly

text: romanized

text: as

text: Swatow

text: and

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: Santow

text: from

text: its

text: local

text: Teochew

text: pronunciation

text: is

text: prefecture

text: level

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: Guangdong

text: province

text: China

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: administrative

text: area

text: of

text: Shantou

text: has

text: direct

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: six

text: districts

text: and

text: one

text: county

text: and

text: the

text: six

text: urban

text: districts

text: of

text: Shantou

text: have

text: population

text: of

text: With

text: it

text: and

text: the

text: surrounding

text: cities

text: of

text: Jieyang

text: and

text: Chaozhou

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: known

text: as

text: Chaoshan

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: had

text: permanent

text: population

text: of

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: It

text: 's

text: built

text: up

text: area

text: spread

text: of

text: districts

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: inhabitants

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: Macau (literally: "Bay Gate"), (in Portuguese, which is still widely used in the city) also spelled Macao (in English), officially the Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China, is an autonomous territory on the western side of the Pearl River Delta in East Asia. Macau is bordered by the city of Zhuhai in China to the North and the Pearl River Estuary to the East and South. Hong Kong lies about to its East across the Delta. With a population of 650,900 living in an area of , it is the most densely populated region in the world.

text: Macau

text: literally

text: Bay

text: Gate

text: in

text: Portuguese

text: which

text: is

text: still

text: widely

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: also

text: spelled

text: Macao

text: in

text: English

text: officially

text: the

text: Região

text: Administrativa

text: Especial

text: de

text: Macau

text: da

text: República

text: Popular

text: da

text: China

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: territory

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Pearl

text: River

text: Delta

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: Macau

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Zhuhai

text: in

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: North

text: and

text: the

text: Pearl

text: River

text: Estuary

text: to

text: the

text: East

text: and

text: South

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: lies

text: about

text: to

text: its

text: East

text: across

text: the

text: Delta

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: living

text: in

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The Commonwealth Games (known as the British Empire Games from 19301950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 19541966, and British Commonwealth Games from 19701974) is an international, multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930, and, with the exception of 1942 and 1946, which were cancelled due to World War II, has taken place every four years since then.

text: The

text: Commonwealth

text: Games

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: Games

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: Games

text: from

text: and

text: British

text: Commonwealth

text: Games

text: from

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: involving

text: athletes

text: from

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: The

text: event

text: was

text: first

text: held

text: in

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: and

text: which

text: were

text: cancelled

text: due

text: to

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: has

text: taken

text: place

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: since

text: then

text: Beijing (formerly romanised as Peking) is the capital of the People's Republic of China and the world's third most populous city proper. It is also one of the world's most populous capital cities. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighbouring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.

text: Beijing

text: formerly

text: romanised

text: as

text: Peking

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: capital

text: cities

text: The

text: city

text: located

text: in

text: northern

text: China

text: is

text: governed

text: as

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipality

text: under

text: the

text: national

text: government

text: with

text: urban

text: suburban

text: and

text: rural

text: districts

text: Beijing

text: Municipality

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: Hebei

text: Province

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: neighbouring

text: Tianjin

text: Municipality

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: together

text: the

text: three

text: divisions

text: form

text: the

text: Jingjinji

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: capital

text: region

text: of

text: China

text: A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games. They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and training of coaches and officials at a national level within their geographies.

text: National

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: NOC

text: is

text: national

text: constituent

text: of

text: the

text: worldwide

text: Olympic

text: movement

text: Subject

text: to

text: the

text: controls

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Olympic

text: Committee

text: NOCs

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: organizing

text: their

text: people

text: 's

text: participation

text: in

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: They

text: may

text: nominate

text: cities

text: within

text: their

text: respective

text: areas

text: as

text: candidates

text: for

text: future

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: NOCs

text: also

text: promote

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: athletes

text: and

text: training

text: of

text: coaches

text: and

text: officials

text: at

text: national

text: level

text: within

text: their

text: geographies

text: Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "" (yù), named after Yuzhou, a Han Dynasty state ("zhou") that included parts of Henan. Although the name of the province means "south of the river", approximately a quarter of the province lies north of the Yellow River, also known as the "Huang He".

text: Henan

text: is

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Its

text: one

text: character

text: abbreviation

text: is

text: yù

text: named

text: after

text: Yuzhou

text: Han

text: Dynasty

text: state

text: zhou

text: that

text: included

text: parts

text: of

text: Henan

text: Although

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: means

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: approximately

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: lies

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Yellow

text: River

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Huang

text: He

text: Chaoshan or Teoswa is the linguistic and cultural region in the east of Guangdong, China that is developing into a single metropolis. This region is the origin of the Min Nan Teochew dialect. The region, also known as Chiusaan in Cantonese, consists of the cities Jieyang, Chaozhou and Shantou. It differs linguistically from the rest of Guangdong province which consists of Leizhou Min, Yue, and Hakka speakers. It is historically important as the ancestral homeland of many Thais, Singaporeans, and Malaysians of Chinese descent.

text: Chaoshan

text: or

text: Teoswa

text: is

text: the

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Guangdong

text: China

text: that

text: is

text: developing

text: into

text: single

text: metropolis

text: This

text: region

text: is

text: the

text: origin

text: of

text: the

text: Min

text: Teochew

text: dialect

text: The

text: region

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Chiusaan

text: in

text: Cantonese

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: cities

text: Jieyang

text: Chaozhou

text: and

text: Shantou

text: It

text: differs

text: linguistically

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Guangdong

text: province

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: Leizhou

text: Min

text: Yue

text: and

text: Hakka

text: speakers

text: It

text: is

text: historically

text: important

text: as

text: the

text: ancestral

text: homeland

text: of

text: many

text: Thais

text: Singaporeans

text: and

text: Malaysians

text: of

text: Chinese

text: descent

text: Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies near the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic and volcanic activity. Southeast Asia consists of two geographic regions:

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: or

text: Southeastern

text: Asia

text: is

text: subregion

text: of

text: Asia

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: countries

text: that

text: are

text: geographically

text: south

text: of

text: China

text: east

text: of

text: India

text: west

text: of

text: New

text: Guinea

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: Australia

text: The

text: region

text: lies

text: near

text: the

text: intersection

text: of

text: geological

text: plates

text: with

text: heavy

text: seismic

text: and

text: volcanic

text: activity

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: consists

text: of

text: two

text: geographic

text: regions

text: In international relations, a regional power is a state that has power within a geographic region. States which wield unrivalled power and influence within a region of the world possess regional hegemony.

text: In

text: international

text: relations

text: regional

text: power

text: is

text: state

text: that

text: has

text: power

text: within

text: geographic

text: region

text: States

text: which

text: wield

text: unrivalled

text: power

text: and

text: influence

text: within

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: possess

text: regional

text: hegemony

text: A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions.

text: great

text: power

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: that

text: is

text: recognized

text: as

text: having

text: the

text: ability

text: and

text: expertise

text: to

text: exert

text: its

text: influence

text: on

text: global

text: scale

text: Great

text: powers

text: characteristically

text: possess

text: military

text: and

text: economic

text: strength

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: diplomatic

text: and

text: soft

text: power

text: influence

text: which

text: may

text: cause

text: middle

text: or

text: small

text: powers

text: to

text: consider

text: the

text: great

text: powers

text: opinions

text: before

text: taking

text: actions

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: International

text: relations

text: theorists

text: have

text: posited

text: that

text: great

text: power

text: status

text: can

text: be

text: characterized

text: into

text: power

text: capabilities

text: spatial

text: aspects

text: and

text: status

text: dimensions

text: A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture.

text: gold

text: medal

text: is

text: medal

text: awarded

text: for

text: highest

text: achievement

text: in

text: non

text: military

text: field

text: Its

text: name

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: fraction

text: of

text: gold

text: in

text: form

text: of

text: plating

text: or

text: alloying

text: in

text: its

text: manufacture

text: Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people.

text: Asia

text: is

text: Earth

text: 's

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: continent

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: and

text: northern

text: hemispheres

text: and

text: sharing

text: the

text: continental

text: landmass

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: with

text: the

text: continent

text: of

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: The

text: continent

text: which

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: population

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: civilizations

text: Asia

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: not

text: only

text: its

text: overall

text: large

text: size

text: and

text: population

text: but

text: also

text: dense

text: and

text: large

text: settlements

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: vast

text: barely

text: populated

text: regions

text: within

text: the

text: continent

text: of

text: billion

text: people

text: A world record is usually the best global performance ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill or sport. The book "Guinness World Records" collates and publishes notable records of all types, from first and best to worst human achievements, to extremes in the natural world and beyond. The website "RecordSetter" has begun to take on the same territory, but with a more inclusive policy, as users submit videos of record attempts in order to try to receive a world record. The website "challengers.guinnessworldrecords.com" is similar to "RecordSetter", as the record attempts are judged by Guinness World Records adjudicators, but the records to attempt are provided beforehand.

text: world

text: record

text: is

text: usually

text: the

text: best

text: global

text: performance

text: ever

text: recorded

text: and

text: officially

text: verified

text: in

text: specific

text: skill

text: or

text: sport

text: The

text: book

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: collates

text: and

text: publishes

text: notable

text: records

text: of

text: all

text: types

text: from

text: first

text: and

text: best

text: to

text: worst

text: human

text: achievements

text: to

text: extremes

text: in

text: the

text: natural

text: world

text: and

text: beyond

text: The

text: website

text: RecordSetter

text: has

text: begun

text: to

text: take

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: territory

text: but

text: with

text: more

text: inclusive

text: policy

text: as

text: users

text: submit

text: videos

text: of

text: record

text: attempts

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: try

text: to

text: receive

text: world

text: record

text: The

text: website

text: challengers.guinnessworldrecords.com

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: RecordSetter

text: as

text: the

text: record

text: attempts

text: are

text: judged

text: by

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: adjudicators

text: but

text: the

text: records

text: to

text: attempt

text: are

text: provided

text: beforehand

text: Tan Howe Liang , PJG ( simplified Chinese :  ; traditional Chinese :  ; pinyin : Chén Hàoliàng ; born 5 May 1933 in Shantou , Guangdong , China ) is a Singaporean weightlifter who was the first Singaporean to win an Olympic Games medal . He did this in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome where he won the silver medal in the lightweight category . Tan also broke the oldest - standing world record in the lightweight category in the clean and jerk in 1958 . He was the only Olympic medalist in Singapore until the 2008 Summer Olympics .

text: Tan

text: Howe

text: Liang

text: PJG

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: pinyin

text: Chén

text: Hàoliàng

text: born

text: May

text: in

text: Shantou

text: Guangdong

text: China

text: is

text: Singaporean

text: weightlifter

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Singaporean

text: to

text: win

text: an

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: medal

text: He

text: did

text: this

text: in

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Rome

text: where

text: he

text: won

text: the

text: silver

text: medal

text: in

text: the

text: lightweight

text: category

text: Tan

text: also

text: broke

text: the

text: oldest

text: standing

text: world

text: record

text: in

text: the

text: lightweight

text: category

text: in

text: the

text: clean

text: and

text: jerk

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: Olympic

text: medalist

text: in

text: Singapore

text: until

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: A multi-sport event is an organized sports event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports between organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance is the modern Olympic Games.

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: is

text: an

text: organized

text: sports

text: event

text: often

text: held

text: over

text: multiple

text: days

text: featuring

text: competition

text: in

text: many

text: different

text: sports

text: between

text: organized

text: teams

text: of

text: athletes

text: from

text: mostly

text: nation

text: states

text: The

text: first

text: major

text: modern

text: multi

text: sport

text: event

text: of

text: international

text: significance

text: is

text: the

text: modern

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: A medal or medallion is, strictly speaking, a small, flat, and round (at times, ovoid) piece of metal that has been sculpted, molded, cast, struck, stamped, or some way marked with an insignia, portrait, or other artistic rendering. A medal may be awarded to a person or organization as a form of recognition for sporting, military, scientific, academic, or various other achievements. Military awards and decorations are more precise terms for certain types of state decoration. Medals may also be created for sale to commemorate particular individuals or events, or as works of artistic expression in their own right. In the past, medals commissioned for an individual, typically with their portrait, were often used as a form of diplomatic or personal gift, with no sense of being an award for the conduct of the recipient.

text: medal

text: or

text: medallion

text: is

text: strictly

text: speaking

text: small

text: flat

text: and

text: round

text: at

text: times

text: ovoid

text: piece

text: of

text: metal

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: sculpted

text: molded

text: cast

text: struck

text: stamped

text: or

text: some

text: way

text: marked

text: with

text: an

text: insignia

text: portrait

text: or

text: other

text: artistic

text: rendering

text: medal

text: may

text: be

text: awarded

text: to

text: person

text: or

text: organization

text: as

text: form

text: of

text: recognition

text: for

text: sporting

text: military

text: scientific

text: academic

text: or

text: various

text: other

text: achievements

text: Military

text: awards

text: and

text: decorations

text: are

text: more

text: precise

text: terms

text: for

text: certain

text: types

text: of

text: state

text: decoration

text: Medals

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: created

text: for

text: sale

text: to

text: commemorate

text: particular

text: individuals

text: or

text: events

text: or

text: as

text: works

text: of

text: artistic

text: expression

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: right

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: medals

text: commissioned

text: for

text: an

text: individual

text: typically

text: with

text: their

text: portrait

text: were

text: often

text: used

text: as

text: form

text: of

text: diplomatic

text: or

text: personal

text: gift

text: with

text: no

text: sense

text: of

text: being

text: an

text: award

text: for

text: the

text: conduct

text: of

text: the

text: recipient

text: China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.

text: China

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: is

text: unitary

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: billion

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: Beijing

text: It

text: exercises

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: provinces

text: five

text: autonomous

text: regions

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: Beijing

text: Tianjin

text: Shanghai

text: and

text: Chongqing

text: and

text: two

text: mostly

text: self

text: governing

text: special

text: administrative

text: regions

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macau

text: and

text: claims

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: Taiwan

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Shanghai

text: Guangzhou

text: Beijing

text: Chongqing

text: Shenzhen

text: Tianjin

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: China

text: is

text: great

text: power

text: and

text: major

text: regional

text: power

text: within

text: Asia

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: characterized

text: as

text: potential

text: superpower

text: East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural terms. Geographically and geopolitically, it includes China, Hong Kong, and Macao; Mongolia and Taiwan; North and South Korea; and Japan; it covers about , or about 28% of the Asian continent, about twice the area of Europe.

text: East

text: Asia

text: is

text: the

text: eastern

text: subregion

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: defined

text: in

text: either

text: geographical

text: or

text: ethno

text: cultural

text: terms

text: Geographically

text: and

text: geopolitically

text: it

text: includes

text: China

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macao

text: Mongolia

text: and

text: Taiwan

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Korea

text: and

text: Japan

text: it

text: covers

text: about

text: or

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: about

text: twice

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Europe

text: Mount Vesuvius ( also "Vesevus" or "Vesaevus" in some Roman sources) is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

text: Mount

text: Vesuvius

text: also

text: Vesevus

text: or

text: Vesaevus

text: in

text: some

text: Roman

text: sources

text: is

text: somma

text: stratovolcano

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Naples

text: in

text: Campania

text: Italy

text: about

text: east

text: of

text: Naples

text: and

text: short

text: distance

text: from

text: the

text: shore

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: volcanoes

text: which

text: form

text: the

text: Campanian

text: volcanic

text: arc

text: Vesuvius

text: consists

text: of

text: large

text: cone

text: partially

text: encircled

text: by

text: the

text: steep

text: rim

text: of

text: summit

text: caldera

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: an

text: earlier

text: and

text: originally

text: much

text: higher

text: structure

text: Guangzhou , traditionally romanised as Canton, is the capital and largest city of the Province of Guangdong in southeastern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kong and north of Macau, Guangzhou was a major terminus of the maritime Silk Road and continues to serve as a major port and transportation hub.

text: Guangzhou

text: traditionally

text: romanised

text: as

text: Canton

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Province

text: of

text: Guangdong

text: in

text: southeastern

text: China

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: Pearl

text: River

text: about

text: north

text: northwest

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: Macau

text: Guangzhou

text: was

text: major

text: terminus

text: of

text: the

text: maritime

text: Silk

text: Road

text: and

text: continues

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: major

text: port

text: and

text: transportation

text: hub

text: Guangdong (Simplified ) is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. Formerly romanised as Canton or Kwangtung, Guangdong surpassed Henan and Sichuan to become the most populous province in China in January 2005, registering 79.1 million permanent residents and 31 million migrants who lived in the province for at least six months of the year; the total population was 104,303,132 in the 2010 census, accounting for 7.79 percent of Mainland China's population. The provincial capital Guangzhou and economic hub Shenzhen are among the most populous and important cities in China. The population increase since the census has been modest, the province at 2014 end had 107,240,000 people.

text: Guangdong

text: Simplified

text: is

text: province

text: on

text: the

text: South

text: China

text: Sea

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: Formerly

text: romanised

text: as

text: Canton

text: or

text: Kwangtung

text: Guangdong

text: surpassed

text: Henan

text: and

text: Sichuan

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: in

text: China

text: in

text: January

text: registering

text: million

text: permanent

text: residents

text: and

text: million

text: migrants

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: six

text: months

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: census

text: accounting

text: for

text: percent

text: of

text: Mainland

text: China

text: 's

text: population

text: The

text: provincial

text: capital

text: Guangzhou

text: and

text: economic

text: hub

text: Shenzhen

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: and

text: important

text: cities

text: in

text: China

text: The

text: population

text: increase

text: since

text: the

text: census

text: has

text: been

text: modest

text: the

text: province

text: at

text: end

text: had

text: people

text: Hong Kong, officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of East Asia. Macau lies across the delta to the west, and the Chinese province of Guangdong borders the territory to the north. With a total land area of and a population of over 7.3 million of various nationalities, it ranks as the world's fourth most densely populated sovereign state or territory.

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: officially

text: the

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Special

text: Administrative

text: Region

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: territory

text: on

text: the

text: Pearl

text: River

text: Delta

text: of

text: East

text: Asia

text: Macau

text: lies

text: across

text: the

text: delta

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Chinese

text: province

text: of

text: Guangdong

text: borders

text: the

text: territory

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: With

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: of

text: various

text: nationalities

text: it

text: ranks

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: sovereign

text: state

text: or

text: territory

text: A silver medal in sports and other similar areas involving competition is a medal made of, or plated with, silver awarded to the second-place finisher, or runner-up, of contests or competitions such as the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, etc. The outright winner receives a gold medal and the third place a bronze medal. More generally, silver is traditionally a metal sometimes used for all types of high-quality medals, including artistic ones.

text: silver

text: medal

text: in

text: sports

text: and

text: other

text: similar

text: areas

text: involving

text: competition

text: is

text: medal

text: made

text: of

text: or

text: plated

text: with

text: silver

text: awarded

text: to

text: the

text: second

text: place

text: finisher

text: or

text: runner

text: up

text: of

text: contests

text: or

text: competitions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: Commonwealth

text: Games

text: etc

text: The

text: outright

text: winner

text: receives

text: gold

text: medal

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: place

text: bronze

text: medal

text: More

text: generally

text: silver

text: is

text: traditionally

text: metal

text: sometimes

text: used

text: for

text: all

text: types

text: of

text: high

text: quality

text: medals

text: including

text: artistic

text: ones

text: Rome is a city and special "comune" (named "Roma Capitale") in Italy. Rome is the capital of Italy and of the Lazio region. With 2,870,336 residents in , it is also the country's largest and most populated "comune" and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome has a population of 4.3 million residents. The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of Tiber river. The Vatican City is an independent country geographically located within the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states.

text: Rome

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: special

text: comune

text: named

text: Roma

text: Capitale

text: in

text: Italy

text: Rome

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Italy

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: Lazio

text: region

text: With

text: residents

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populated

text: comune

text: and

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: by

text: population

text: within

text: city

text: limits

text: The

text: Metropolitan

text: City

text: of

text: Rome

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: western

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: Peninsula

text: within

text: Lazio

text: Latium

text: along

text: the

text: shores

text: of

text: Tiber

text: river

text: The

text: Vatican

text: City

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: country

text: geographically

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: boundaries

text: of

text: Rome

text: the

text: only

text: existing

text: example

text: of

text: country

text: within

text: city

text: for

text: this

text: reason

text: Rome

text: has

text: been

text: often

text: defined

text: as

text: capital

text: of

text: two

text: states

text: The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Karimata and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around . The area's importance largely results from one-third of the world's shipping sailing through its waters and that it is believed to hold huge oil and gas reserves beneath its seabed.

text: The

text: South

text: China

text: Sea

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: encompassing

text: an

text: area

text: from

text: the

text: Karimata

text: and

text: Malacca

text: Straits

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Taiwan

text: of

text: around

text: The

text: area

text: 's

text: importance

text: largely

text: results

text: from

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: shipping

text: sailing

text: through

text: its

text: waters

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: hold

text: huge

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: reserves

text: beneath

text: its

text: seabed

text: Silver is the metallic element with the atomic number 47. Its symbol is Ag, from the Latin "", derived from the Greek "" (literally "shiny" or "white"), and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European language root reconstructed as *"her-", "grey" or "shining". A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form ("native silver"), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining. Silver is more abundant than gold, but it is much less abundant as a native metal. Its purity is typically measured on a per mille basis; a 94%-pure alloy is described as "0.940 fine".

text: Silver

text: is

text: the

text: metallic

text: element

text: with

text: the

text: atomic

text: number

text: Its

text: symbol

text: is

text: Ag

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: literally

text: shiny

text: or

text: white

text: and

text: ultimately

text: from

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: root

text: reconstructed

text: as

text: her-

text: grey

text: or

text: shining

text: soft

text: white

text: lustrous

text: transition

text: metal

text: it

text: exhibits

text: the

text: highest

text: electrical

text: conductivity

text: thermal

text: conductivity

text: and

text: reflectivity

text: of

text: any

text: metal

text: The

text: metal

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: crust

text: in

text: the

text: pure

text: free

text: elemental

text: form

text: native

text: silver

text: as

text: an

text: alloy

text: with

text: gold

text: and

text: other

text: metals

text: and

text: in

text: minerals

text: such

text: as

text: argentite

text: and

text: chlorargyrite

text: Most

text: silver

text: is

text: produced

text: as

text: byproduct

text: of

text: copper

text: gold

text: lead

text: and

text: zinc

text: refining

text: Silver

text: is

text: more

text: abundant

text: than

text: gold

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: much

text: less

text: abundant

text: as

text: native

text: metal

text: Its

text: purity

text: is

text: typically

text: measured

text: on

text: per

text: mille

text: basis

text: alloy

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: fine

question: family_name tan howe liang

answer: chen

text: chen