text: A consultant (from "to deliberate") is a professional who provides expert advice in a particular area such as security (electronic or physical), management, education, accountancy, law, human resources, marketing (and public relations), finance, engineering, science or any of many other specialized fields.

text: consultant

text: from

text: to

text: deliberate

text: is

text: professional

text: who

text: provides

text: expert

text: advice

text: in

text: particular

text: area

text: such

text: as

text: security

text: electronic

text: or

text: physical

text: management

text: education

text: accountancy

text: law

text: human

text: resources

text: marketing

text: and

text: public

text: relations

text: finance

text: engineering

text: science

text: or

text: any

text: of

text: many

text: other

text: specialized

text: fields

text: Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves. Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational. The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.

text: Education

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: facilitating

text: learning

text: or

text: the

text: acquisition

text: of

text: knowledge

text: skills

text: values

text: beliefs

text: and

text: habits

text: Educational

text: methods

text: include

text: storytelling

text: discussion

text: teaching

text: training

text: and

text: directed

text: research

text: Education

text: frequently

text: takes

text: place

text: under

text: the

text: guidance

text: of

text: educators

text: but

text: learners

text: may

text: also

text: educate

text: themselves

text: Education

text: can

text: take

text: place

text: in

text: formal

text: or

text: informal

text: settings

text: and

text: any

text: experience

text: that

text: has

text: formative

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: way

text: one

text: thinks

text: feels

text: or

text: acts

text: may

text: be

text: considered

text: educational

text: The

text: methodology

text: of

text: teaching

text: is

text: called

text: pedagogy

text: A professional is a member of a profession or any person who earns their living from a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations. Professional standards of practice and ethics for a particular field are typically agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, such as the IEEE. Some definitions of "professional" limit this term to those professions that serve some important aspect of public interest and the general good of society.

text: professional

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: profession

text: or

text: any

text: person

text: who

text: earns

text: their

text: living

text: from

text: specified

text: professional

text: activity

text: The

text: term

text: also

text: describes

text: the

text: standards

text: of

text: education

text: and

text: training

text: that

text: prepare

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: profession

text: with

text: the

text: particular

text: knowledge

text: and

text: skills

text: necessary

text: to

text: perform

text: their

text: specific

text: role

text: within

text: that

text: profession

text: In

text: addition

text: most

text: professionals

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: strict

text: codes

text: of

text: conduct

text: enshrining

text: rigorous

text: ethical

text: and

text: moral

text: obligations

text: Professional

text: standards

text: of

text: practice

text: and

text: ethics

text: for

text: particular

text: field

text: are

text: typically

text: agreed

text: upon

text: and

text: maintained

text: through

text: widely

text: recognized

text: professional

text: associations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: IEEE

text: Some

text: definitions

text: of

text: professional

text: limit

text: this

text: term

text: to

text: those

text: professions

text: that

text: serve

text: some

text: important

text: aspect

text: of

text: public

text: interest

text: and

text: the

text: general

text: good

text: of

text: society

text: Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. State-enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people.

text: Law

text: is

text: system

text: of

text: rules

text: that

text: are

text: created

text: and

text: enforced

text: through

text: social

text: or

text: governmental

text: institutions

text: to

text: regulate

text: behavior

text: State

text: enforced

text: laws

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: by

text: collective

text: legislature

text: or

text: by

text: single

text: legislator

text: resulting

text: in

text: statutes

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: through

text: decrees

text: and

text: regulations

text: or

text: established

text: by

text: judges

text: through

text: precedent

text: normally

text: in

text: common

text: law

text: jurisdictions

text: Private

text: individuals

text: can

text: create

text: legally

text: binding

text: contracts

text: including

text: arbitration

text: agreements

text: that

text: may

text: elect

text: to

text: accept

text: alternative

text: arbitration

text: to

text: the

text: normal

text: court

text: process

text: The

text: formation

text: of

text: laws

text: themselves

text: may

text: be

text: influenced

text: by

text: constitution

text: written

text: or

text: tacit

text: and

text: the

text: rights

text: encoded

text: therein

text: The

text: law

text: shapes

text: politics

text: economics

text: history

text: and

text: society

text: in

text: various

text: ways

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: mediator

text: of

text: relations

text: between

text: people

text: Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships. The American Marketing Association has defined marketing as "the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large."

text: Marketing

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: and

text: management

text: of

text: exchange

text: relationships

text: The

text: American

text: Marketing

text: Association

text: has

text: defined

text: marketing

text: as

text: the

text: activity

text: set

text: of

text: institutions

text: and

text: processes

text: for

text: creating

text: communicating

text: delivering

text: and

text: exchanging

text: offerings

text: that

text: have

text: value

text: for

text: customers

text: clients

text: partners

text: and

text: society

text: at

text: large

text: Human resources are the people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, or economy. "Human capital" is sometimes used synonymously with "human resources", although human capital typically refers to a more narrow view (i.e., the knowledge the individuals embody and economic growth). Likewise, other terms sometimes used include "manpower", "talent", "labour", "personnel", or simply "people".

text: Human

text: resources

text: are

text: the

text: people

text: who

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: workforce

text: of

text: an

text: organization

text: business

text: sector

text: or

text: economy

text: Human

text: capital

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: synonymously

text: with

text: human

text: resources

text: although

text: human

text: capital

text: typically

text: refers

text: to

text: more

text: narrow

text: view

text: i.e.

text: the

text: knowledge

text: the

text: individuals

text: embody

text: and

text: economic

text: growth

text: Likewise

text: other

text: terms

text: sometimes

text: used

text: include

text: manpower

text: talent

text: labour

text: personnel

text: or

text: simply

text: people

text: Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments. It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk. Finance can also be defined as the science of money management. Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return. Finance can be broken into three different sub-categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance.

text: Finance

text: is

text: field

text: that

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: investments

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: dynamics

text: of

text: assets

text: and

text: liabilities

text: over

text: time

text: under

text: conditions

text: of

text: different

text: degrees

text: of

text: uncertainty

text: and

text: risk

text: Finance

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: science

text: of

text: money

text: management

text: Finance

text: aims

text: to

text: price

text: assets

text: based

text: on

text: their

text: risk

text: level

text: and

text: their

text: expected

text: rate

text: of

text: return

text: Finance

text: can

text: be

text: broken

text: into

text: three

text: different

text: sub

text: categories

text: public

text: finance

text: corporate

text: finance

text: and

text: personal

text: finance

text: Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

text: Science

text: is

text: systematic

text: enterprise

text: that

text: builds

text: and

text: organizes

text: knowledge

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: testable

text: explanations

text: and

text: predictions

text: about

text: the

text: universe

text: Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it be a business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body. Management includes the activities of setting the strategy of an organization and coordinating the efforts of its employees or volunteers to accomplish its objectives through the application of available resources, such as financial, natural, technological, and human resources. The term "management" may also refer to the people who manage an organization.

text: Management

text: or

text: managing

text: is

text: the

text: administration

text: of

text: an

text: organization

text: whether

text: it

text: be

text: business

text: not

text: for

text: profit

text: organization

text: or

text: government

text: body

text: Management

text: includes

text: the

text: activities

text: of

text: setting

text: the

text: strategy

text: of

text: an

text: organization

text: and

text: coordinating

text: the

text: efforts

text: of

text: its

text: employees

text: or

text: volunteers

text: to

text: accomplish

text: its

text: objectives

text: through

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: available

text: resources

text: such

text: as

text: financial

text: natural

text: technological

text: and

text: human

text: resources

text: The

text: term

text: management

text: may

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: people

text: who

text: manage

text: an

text: organization

text: Engineering is the application of mathematics and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, processes, solutions, and organizations.

text: Engineering

text: is

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: mathematics

text: and

text: scientific

text: economic

text: social

text: and

text: practical

text: knowledge

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: invent

text: innovate

text: design

text: build

text: maintain

text: research

text: and

text: improve

text: structures

text: machines

text: tools

text: systems

text: components

text: materials

text: processes

text: solutions

text: and

text: organizations

text: An adviser or advisor is normally a person with more and deeper knowledge in a specific area and usually also includes persons with cross functional and multidisciplinary expertise . An adviser 's role is that of a mentor or guide and differs categorically from that of a task specific consultant . An adviser is typically part of the leadership , where as consultants fulfill functional roles . The spellings adviser and advisor have both been in use since the sixteenth century . Adviser has always been the more usual spelling , though advisor has gained frequency in recent years and is a common alternative , especially in North America .

text: An

text: adviser

text: or

text: advisor

text: is

text: normally

text: person

text: with

text: more

text: and

text: deeper

text: knowledge

text: in

text: specific

text: area

text: and

text: usually

text: also

text: includes

text: persons

text: with

text: cross

text: functional

text: and

text: multidisciplinary

text: expertise

text: An

text: adviser

text: 's

text: role

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: mentor

text: or

text: guide

text: and

text: differs

text: categorically

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: task

text: specific

text: consultant

text: An

text: adviser

text: is

text: typically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: leadership

text: where

text: as

text: consultants

text: fulfill

text: functional

text: roles

text: The

text: spellings

text: adviser

text: and

text: advisor

text: have

text: both

text: been

text: in

text: use

text: since

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: Adviser

text: has

text: always

text: been

text: the

text: more

text: usual

text: spelling

text: though

text: advisor

text: has

text: gained

text: frequency

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: and

text: is

text: common

text: alternative

text: especially

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the spread of information between an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) and the public. Public relations may include an organization or individual gaining exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. This differentiates it from advertising as a form of marketing communications. Public relations is the idea of creating coverage for clients for free, rather than marketing or advertising. An example of good public relations would be generating an article featuring a client, rather than paying for the client to be advertised next to the article. The aim of public relations is to inform the public, prospective customers, investors, partners, employees, and other stakeholders and ultimately persuade them to maintain a certain view about the organization, its leadership, products, or political decisions. Public relations professionals typically work for PR and marketing firms, businesses and companies, government, government agencies and public officials as PIOs and nongovernmental organizations, and nonprofit organizations. Jobs central to public relations include account coordinator, account executive, account supervisor, and media relations manager.

text: Public

text: relations

text: PR

text: is

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: managing

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: information

text: between

text: an

text: individual

text: or

text: an

text: organization

text: such

text: as

text: business

text: government

text: agency

text: or

text: nonprofit

text: organization

text: and

text: the

text: public

text: Public

text: relations

text: may

text: include

text: an

text: organization

text: or

text: individual

text: gaining

text: exposure

text: to

text: their

text: audiences

text: using

text: topics

text: of

text: public

text: interest

text: and

text: news

text: items

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: require

text: direct

text: payment

text: This

text: differentiates

text: it

text: from

text: advertising

text: as

text: form

text: of

text: marketing

text: communications

text: Public

text: relations

text: is

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: creating

text: coverage

text: for

text: clients

text: for

text: free

text: rather

text: than

text: marketing

text: or

text: advertising

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: good

text: public

text: relations

text: would

text: be

text: generating

text: an

text: article

text: featuring

text: client

text: rather

text: than

text: paying

text: for

text: the

text: client

text: to

text: be

text: advertised

text: next

text: to

text: the

text: article

text: The

text: aim

text: of

text: public

text: relations

text: is

text: to

text: inform

text: the

text: public

text: prospective

text: customers

text: investors

text: partners

text: employees

text: and

text: other

text: stakeholders

text: and

text: ultimately

text: persuade

text: them

text: to

text: maintain

text: certain

text: view

text: about

text: the

text: organization

text: its

text: leadership

text: products

text: or

text: political

text: decisions

text: Public

text: relations

text: professionals

text: typically

text: work

text: for

text: PR

text: and

text: marketing

text: firms

text: businesses

text: and

text: companies

text: government

text: government

text: agencies

text: and

text: public

text: officials

text: as

text: PIOs

text: and

text: nongovernmental

text: organizations

text: and

text: nonprofit

text: organizations

text: Jobs

text: central

text: to

text: public

text: relations

text: include

text: account

text: coordinator

text: account

text: executive

text: account

text: supervisor

text: and

text: media

text: relations

text: manager

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows single

question: instance_of adviser

answer: profession

text: profession

text: profession

text: profession


text: Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) is the national public broadcaster of South Korea. It was founded in 1927, and operates radio, television and online services, being one of the biggest South Korean television networks.

text: Korean

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: KBS

text: is

text: the

text: national

text: public

text: broadcaster

text: of

text: South

text: Korea

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: operates

text: radio

text: television

text: and

text: online

text: services

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: biggest

text: South

text: Korean

text: television

text: networks

text: BBC Two is the second television channel operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands. It covers a wide range of subject matter, but tending towards more "highbrow" programmes than the more mainstream and popular BBC One. Like the BBC's other domestic TV and radio channels, it is funded by the television licence, and is therefore commercial-free. It is a comparatively well-funded public service network, regularly attaining a much higher audience share than most public service networks worldwide.

text: BBC

text: Two

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: television

text: channel

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: BBC

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: and

text: Channel

text: Islands

text: It

text: covers

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: subject

text: matter

text: but

text: tending

text: towards

text: more

text: highbrow

text: programmes

text: than

text: the

text: more

text: mainstream

text: and

text: popular

text: BBC

text: One

text: Like

text: the

text: BBC

text: 's

text: other

text: domestic

text: TV

text: and

text: radio

text: channels

text: it

text: is

text: funded

text: by

text: the

text: television

text: licence

text: and

text: is

text: therefore

text: commercial

text: free

text: It

text: is

text: comparatively

text: well

text: funded

text: public

text: service

text: network

text: regularly

text: attaining

text: much

text: higher

text: audience

text: share

text: than

text: most

text: public

text: service

text: networks

text: worldwide

text: Like Land And Sky ( Hangul :   ; RR : Haneul Mankeum Ddang Mankeum ; also known as As Much as Heaven and Earth ) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Park Hae - jin , Han Hyo - joo , Lee Joo - hyun , Kang Jung - hwa , and Hong Soo - ah . It aired on KBS1 from January 15 to August 31 , 2007 on Mondays to Fridays at 20:25 for 165 episodes . The daily drama was a hit , maintaining an average viewership rating of 30 % throughout its nine - month run . Its peak viewership rating of 36.1 % ( on episode 164 ) made it the third highest - rated Korean drama of 2007 .

text: Like

text: Land

text: And

text: Sky

text: Hangul

text: RR

text: Haneul

text: Mankeum

text: Ddang

text: Mankeum

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: As

text: Much

text: as

text: Heaven

text: and

text: Earth

text: is

text: South

text: Korean

text: television

text: series

text: starring

text: Park

text: Hae

text: jin

text: Han

text: Hyo

text: joo

text: Lee

text: Joo

text: hyun

text: Kang

text: Jung

text: hwa

text: and

text: Hong

text: Soo

text: ah

text: It

text: aired

text: on

text: from

text: January

text: to

text: August

text: on

text: Mondays

text: to

text: Fridays

text: at

text: for

text: episodes

text: The

text: daily

text: drama

text: was

text: hit

text: maintaining

text: an

text: average

text: viewership

text: rating

text: of

text: throughout

text: its

text: nine

text: month

text: run

text: Its

text: peak

text: viewership

text: rating

text: of

text: on

text: episode

text: made

text: it

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: rated

text: Korean

text: drama

text: of

text: KBS1 is the premier channel of the Korean Broadcasting System, previously known as KBS Television/KBS Channel 9 until the launch of KBS2 in 1980, is the oldest TV channel in South Korea and was the successor to HLKZ-TV (or Daehan Bangsong), Korea's first TV channel. It is also the only commercial-free free-to-air television channel in the country. KBS1 is similar to BBC Two in the United Kingdom and PBS in the United States.

text: is

text: the

text: premier

text: channel

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: previously

text: known

text: as

text: KBS

text: Television

text: KBS

text: Channel

text: until

text: the

text: launch

text: of

text: in

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: TV

text: channel

text: in

text: South

text: Korea

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: HLKZ

text: TV

text: or

text: Daehan

text: Bangsong

text: Korea

text: 's

text: first

text: TV

text: channel

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: only

text: commercial

text: free

text: free

text: to

text: air

text: television

text: channel

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: BBC

text: Two

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: PBS

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

annotations: follows multiple

question: original_network like land and sky

answer: korean broadcasting system

text: korean broadcasting system

text: korean broadcasting system


text: The Grey League (, or ), sometimes called "Oberbund", formed in 1395 in the "Vorderrhein" and "Hinterrhein" valleys, Raetia. The name Grey League is derived from the homespun grey clothes worn by the people. The league became part of the canton of Graubünden. The Grey League allied itself to the two other powers of Raetia in 1471, forming the Three Leagues. It was also an associate and ally of the Swiss Confederation and played a role in the build up to the Thirty Years' War.

text: The

text: Grey

text: League

text: or

text: sometimes

text: called

text: Oberbund

text: formed

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Vorderrhein

text: and

text: Hinterrhein

text: valleys

text: Raetia

text: The

text: name

text: Grey

text: League

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: homespun

text: grey

text: clothes

text: worn

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: The

text: league

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: canton

text: of

text: Graubünden

text: The

text: Grey

text: League

text: allied

text: itself

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: other

text: powers

text: of

text: Raetia

text: in

text: forming

text: the

text: Three

text: Leagues

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: an

text: associate

text: and

text: ally

text: of

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Confederation

text: and

text: played

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: build

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: Thirty

text: Years

text: War

text: The Three Leagues was the alliance of 1471 of the League of God's House, the League of the Ten Jurisdictions and the Grey League, leading eventually to the formation of the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Most of the lands of Graubünden were part of the Roman province Raetia in 15 BC. The area later was part of the lands of the Bishopric of Chur.

text: The

text: Three

text: Leagues

text: was

text: the

text: alliance

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: House

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: the

text: Ten

text: Jurisdictions

text: and

text: the

text: Grey

text: League

text: leading

text: eventually

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Swiss

text: canton

text: of

text: Graubünden

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: Graubünden

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: Raetia

text: in

text: BC

text: The

text: area

text: later

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bishopric

text: of

text: Chur

text: The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806. The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories.

text: The

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: was

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: complex

text: of

text: territories

text: in

text: central

text: Europe

text: that

text: developed

text: during

text: the

text: Early

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: continued

text: until

text: its

text: dissolution

text: in

text: The

text: largest

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: after

text: was

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Germany

text: though

text: it

text: also

text: came

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Burgundy

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Italy

text: and

text: numerous

text: other

text: territories

text:
The Age of Discovery or the Age of Exploration from the end of the 15th century to the 18th century, was an informal and loosely defined European historical period marking the time period in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and the beginning of globalization. It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism. Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered during this period, though most were already inhabited. From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of settlers and invaders from a previously unknown continent.
Global exploration started with the Portuguese discoveries of the Atlantic archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores, the coast of Africa, and the discovery of the sea route to India in 1498; and, on behalf of the Crown of Castile (Spain), the trans-Atlantic Voyages of Christopher Columbus between 1492 and 1502, and the first circumnavigation of the globe in 15191522. These discoveries led to numerous naval expeditions across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans, and land expeditions in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia that continued into the late 19th century, and ended with the exploration of the polar regions in the 20th century.

text: The

text: Age

text: of

text: Discovery

text: or

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Exploration

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: was

text: an

text: informal

text: and

text: loosely

text: defined

text: European

text: historical

text: period

text: marking

text: the

text: time

text: period

text: in

text: which

text: extensive

text: overseas

text: exploration

text: emerged

text: as

text: powerful

text: factor

text: in

text: European

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: globalization

text: It

text: also

text: marks

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: widespread

text: adoption

text: in

text: Europe

text: of

text: colonialism

text: and

text: mercantilism

text: Many

text: lands

text: previously

text: unknown

text: to

text: Europeans

text: were

text: discovered

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: though

text: most

text: were

text: already

text: inhabited

text: From

text: the

text: perspective

text: of

text: many

text: non

text: Europeans

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Discovery

text: marked

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: settlers

text: and

text: invaders

text: from

text: previously

text: unknown

text: continent

text: Global

text: exploration

text: started

text: with

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: discoveries

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: archipelagos

text: of

text: Madeira

text: and

text: the

text: Azores

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: the

text: sea

text: route

text: to

text: India

text: in

text: and

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: Castile

text: Spain

text: the

text: trans

text: Atlantic

text: Voyages

text: of

text: Christopher

text: Columbus

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: circumnavigation

text: of

text: the

text: globe

text: in

text: These

text: discoveries

text: led

text: to

text: numerous

text: naval

text: expeditions

text: across

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Indian

text: and

text: Pacific

text: oceans

text: and

text: land

text: expeditions

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: and

text: Australia

text: that

text: continued

text: into

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: and

text: ended

text: with

text: the

text: exploration

text: of

text: the

text: polar

text: regions

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the period of European history generally comprising the 14th and 15th centuries (c. 13011500). The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern era (and, in much of Europe, the Renaissance).

text: The

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: or

text: Late

text: Medieval

text: Period

text: was

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: European

text: history

text: generally

text: comprising

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: The

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: followed

text: the

text: High

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: preceded

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: modern

text: era

text: and

text: in

text: much

text: of

text: Europe

text: the

text: Renaissance

text:
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities.
The country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.

text: Switzerland

text: officially

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Confederation

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: cantons

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Bern

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: authorities

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: Western

text: Central

text: Europe

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Italy

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: France

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Austria

text: and

text: Liechtenstein

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Switzerland

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: geographically

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: Alps

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Plateau

text: and

text: the

text: Jura

text: spanning

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: While

text: the

text: Alps

text: occupy

text: the

text: greater

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: the

text: Swiss

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: eight

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: concentrated

text: mostly

text: on

text: the

text: plateau

text: where

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: among

text: them

text: are

text: the

text: two

text: global

text: cities

text: and

text: economic

text: centres

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Geneva

text: The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek:   , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Koine

text: and

text: Medieval

text: Greek

text: tr

text: was

text: the

text: post

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: characterized

text: by

text: government

text: headed

text: by

text: emperors

text: and

text: large

text: territorial

text: holdings

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: BC

text: AD

text: with

text: Constantinople

text: New

text: Rome

text: becoming

text: the

text: largest

text: around

text: AD

text: and

text: the

text: Empire

text: 's

text: populace

text: grew

text: to

text: an

text: estimated

text: to

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: roughly

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: old

text: republic

text: which

text: preceded

text: it

text: was

text: severely

text: destabilized

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: civil

text: wars

text: and

text: political

text: conflict

text: during

text: which

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: was

text: appointed

text: as

text: perpetual

text: dictator

text: and

text: then

text: assassinated

text: in

text: BC

text: Civil

text: wars

text: and

text: executions

text: continued

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: Octavian

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: adopted

text: son

text: over

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Octavian

text: 's

text: power

text: was

text: then

text: unassailable

text: and

text: in

text: BC

text: the

text: Roman

text: Senate

text: formally

text: granted

text: him

text: overarching

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: title

text: Augustus

text: effectively

text: marking

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom ("Teutonic Kingdom") developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire. Like Anglo-Saxon England and medieval France, it began as "a conglomerate, an assemblage of a number of once separate and independent... "gentes" [peoples] and "regna" [kingdoms]." East Francia ("Ostfrankenreich") was formed by the Treaty of Verdun in 843, and was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911, after which the kingship was elective. The initial electors were the rulers of the stem duchies, who generally chose one of their own. After 962, when Otto I was crowned emperor, the kingdom formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire, which also included Italy (after 951), Bohemia (after 1004) and Burgundy (after 1032).

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Germany

text: or

text: German

text: Kingdom

text: Teutonic

text: Kingdom

text: developed

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Carolingian

text: Empire

text: Like

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: England

text: and

text: medieval

text: France

text: it

text: began

text: as

text: conglomerate

text: an

text: assemblage

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: once

text: separate

text: and

text: independent

text: gentes

text: peoples

text: and

text: regna

text: kingdoms

text: East

text: Francia

text: Ostfrankenreich

text: was

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Verdun

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: ruled

text: by

text: the

text: Carolingian

text: dynasty

text: until

text: after

text: which

text: the

text: kingship

text: was

text: elective

text: The

text: initial

text: electors

text: were

text: the

text: rulers

text: of

text: the

text: stem

text: duchies

text: who

text: generally

text: chose

text: one

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: After

text: when

text: Otto

text: was

text: crowned

text: emperor

text: the

text: kingdom

text: formed

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: which

text: also

text: included

text: Italy

text: after

text: Bohemia

text: after

text: and

text: Burgundy

text: after

text: The French Revolution was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond. Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, the Revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history, triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies. Through the Revolutionary Wars, it unleashed a wave of global conflicts that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in human history.

text: The

text: French

text: Revolution

text: was

text: period

text: of

text: far

text: reaching

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: upheaval

text: in

text: France

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: until

text: and

text: was

text: partially

text: carried

text: forward

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: during

text: the

text: later

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Empire

text: The

text: Revolution

text: overthrew

text: the

text: monarchy

text: established

text: republic

text: experienced

text: violent

text: periods

text: of

text: political

text: turmoil

text: and

text: finally

text: culminated

text: in

text: dictatorship

text: under

text: Napoleon

text: that

text: rapidly

text: brought

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: principles

text: to

text: Western

text: Europe

text: and

text: beyond

text: Inspired

text: by

text: liberal

text: and

text: radical

text: ideas

text: the

text: Revolution

text: profoundly

text: altered

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: modern

text: history

text: triggering

text: the

text: global

text: decline

text: of

text: absolute

text: monarchies

text: while

text: replacing

text: them

text: with

text: republics

text: and

text: liberal

text: democracies

text: Through

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: it

text: unleashed

text: wave

text: of

text: global

text: conflicts

text: that

text: extended

text: from

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: to

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: Historians

text: widely

text: regard

text: the

text: Revolution

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: events

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of (his) wife". "Jure" is the ablative case of "jus", meaning a legal right. It is most commonly used to refer to a title of nobility held by a man because his wife holds it "suo jure" ("in her own right"). Similarly, the husband of an heiress could become the legal possessor of her lands "jure uxoris", "by right of [his] wife", as in England where, until the Married Women's Property Act 1882, married women were legally incapable of owning real estate. "Jure uxoris" monarchs are not to be confused with kings consort, who were merely consorts of their wives, not co-rulers.

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: is

text: Latin

text: term

text: that

text: means

text: by

text: right

text: of

text: his

text: wife

text: Jure

text: is

text: the

text: ablative

text: case

text: of

text: jus

text: meaning

text: legal

text: right

text: It

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: title

text: of

text: nobility

text: held

text: by

text: man

text: because

text: his

text: wife

text: holds

text: it

text: suo

text: jure

text: in

text: her

text: own

text: right

text: Similarly

text: the

text: husband

text: of

text: an

text: heiress

text: could

text: become

text: the

text: legal

text: possessor

text: of

text: her

text: lands

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: by

text: right

text: of

text: his

text: wife

text: as

text: in

text: England

text: where

text: until

text: the

text: Married

text: Women

text: 's

text: Property

text: Act

text: married

text: women

text: were

text: legally

text: incapable

text: of

text: owning

text: real

text: estate

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: monarchs

text: are

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: kings

text: consort

text: who

text: were

text: merely

text: consorts

text: of

text: their

text: wives

text: not

text: co

text: rulers

text: The Mexican Empire or Second Mexican Empire was the name of Mexico under a limited hereditary monarchy declared by the Assembly of Notables on July 10, 1863, during the Second French intervention in Mexico. It was created with the support of Napoleon III of France, who attempted to establish a monarchist ally in the Americas. A referendum confirmed the coronation of the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian, of the House of Habsburg as Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico.

text: The

text: Mexican

text: Empire

text: or

text: Second

text: Mexican

text: Empire

text: was

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Mexico

text: under

text: limited

text: hereditary

text: monarchy

text: declared

text: by

text: the

text: Assembly

text: of

text: Notables

text: on

text: July

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: French

text: intervention

text: in

text: Mexico

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: with

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: of

text: France

text: who

text: attempted

text: to

text: establish

text: monarchist

text: ally

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: referendum

text: confirmed

text: the

text: coronation

text: of

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Archduke

text: Ferdinand

text: Maximilian

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: as

text: Emperor

text: Maximilian

text: of

text: Mexico

text: The League of God's House (German: "Gotteshausbund", Italian: "Lega Caddea") was formed in what is now Switzerland on January 29, 1367 to resist the rising power of the Bishopric of Chur and the House of Habsburg. The League allied with the Grey League and the League of the Ten Jurisdictions in 1471 to form the Three Leagues. The League of God's House, together with the two other Leagues, was allied with the Old Swiss Confederacy throughout the 15th and 16th centuries. After the Napoleonic wars the League of God's House became a part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

text: The

text: League

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: House

text: German

text: Gotteshausbund

text: Italian

text: Lega

text: Caddea

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Switzerland

text: on

text: January

text: to

text: resist

text: the

text: rising

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: Bishopric

text: of

text: Chur

text: and

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: The

text: League

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: Grey

text: League

text: and

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: the

text: Ten

text: Jurisdictions

text: in

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Three

text: Leagues

text: The

text: League

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: House

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: two

text: other

text: Leagues

text: was

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: Old

text: Swiss

text: Confederacy

text: throughout

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: After

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: wars

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: House

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Swiss

text: canton

text: of

text: Graubünden

text: Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. It covers an area of , situated in the Carpathian Basin and bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world. Hungary's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- global city. Major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Gyr.

text: Hungary

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Basin

text: and

text: bordered

text: by

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Slovenia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Hungary

text: is

text: medium

text: sized

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Hungarian

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: Uralic

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Budapest

text: significant

text: economic

text: hub

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: Alpha-

text: global

text: city

text: Major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Debrecen

text: Szeged

text: Miskolc

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Gyr

text: Napoleon Bonaparte ("Napoléon Bonaparte";  , born ""Napoleone di Buonaparte""; 15 August 1769  5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has ensured his status as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human history.

text: Napoleon

text: Bonaparte

text: Napoléon

text: Bonaparte

text: born

text: Napoleone

text: di

text: Buonaparte

text: August

text: May

text: was

text: French

text: military

text: and

text: political

text: leader

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: and

text: led

text: several

text: successful

text: campaigns

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: As

text: Napoleon

text: he

text: was

text: Emperor

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: from

text: until

text: and

text: again

text: in

text: Napoleon

text: dominated

text: European

text: and

text: global

text: affairs

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: decade

text: while

text: leading

text: France

text: against

text: series

text: of

text: coalitions

text: in

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: He

text: won

text: most

text: of

text: these

text: wars

text: and

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: his

text: battles

text: building

text: large

text: empire

text: that

text: ruled

text: over

text: continental

text: Europe

text: before

text: its

text: final

text: collapse

text: in

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: commanders

text: in

text: history

text: his

text: wars

text: and

text: campaigns

text: are

text: studied

text: at

text: military

text: schools

text: worldwide

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: has

text: ensured

text: his

text: status

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: celebrated

text: and

text: controversial

text: leaders

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: The House of Habsburg, also called House of Hapsburg, or House of Austria, was one of the most influential royal houses of Europe. The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied by the Habsburgs between 1438 and 1740. The house also produced emperors and kings of the Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of England ("Jure uxoris" King), Kingdom of France (Queen consort), Kingdom of Germany, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia, Second Mexican Empire, Kingdom of Ireland ("Jure uxoris" King), Kingdom of Portugal, and Habsburg Spain, as well as rulers of several Dutch and Italian principalities. From the sixteenth century, following the reign of Charles V, the dynasty was split between its Austrian and Spanish branches. Although they ruled distinct territories, they nevertheless maintained close relations and frequently intermarried.

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: also

text: called

text: House

text: of

text: Hapsburg

text: or

text: House

text: of

text: Austria

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: royal

text: houses

text: of

text: Europe

text: The

text: throne

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: was

text: continuously

text: occupied

text: by

text: the

text: Habsburgs

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: house

text: also

text: produced

text: emperors

text: and

text: kings

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: England

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: King

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: France

text: Queen

text: consort

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Germany

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Hungary

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Croatia

text: Second

text: Mexican

text: Empire

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: King

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: Habsburg

text: Spain

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: rulers

text: of

text: several

text: Dutch

text: and

text: Italian

text: principalities

text: From

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: following

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Charles

text: the

text: dynasty

text: was

text: split

text: between

text: its

text: Austrian

text: and

text: Spanish

text: branches

text: Although

text: they

text: ruled

text: distinct

text: territories

text: they

text: nevertheless

text: maintained

text: close

text: relations

text: and

text: frequently

text: intermarried

text: The Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau  constitutes one of the three major landscapes in Switzerland alongside the Jura Mountains and the Swiss Alps. It covers about 30% of the Swiss surface. It comprises the regions between the Jura and the Alps, partly flat but mostly hilly, and lies at an average height between 400 and 700 m AMSL. It is by far the most densely populated region of Switzerland, and the most important with respect to economy and transportation.

text: The

text: Swiss

text: Plateau

text: or

text: Central

text: Plateau

text: constitutes

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: landscapes

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: alongside

text: the

text: Jura

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Alps

text: It

text: covers

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: Swiss

text: surface

text: It

text: comprises

text: the

text: regions

text: between

text: the

text: Jura

text: and

text: the

text: Alps

text: partly

text: flat

text: but

text: mostly

text: hilly

text: and

text: lies

text: at

text: an

text: average

text: height

text: between

text: and

text: AMSL

text: It

text: is

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: region

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: economy

text: and

text: transportation

text:
The Thirty Years' War was a series of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, as well as the deadliest European religious war, resulting in eight million casualties.
Initially a war between various Protestant and Catholic states in the fragmented Holy Roman Empire, it gradually developed into a more general conflict involving most of the great powers. These states employed relatively large mercenary armies, and the war became less about religion and more of a continuation of the FranceHabsburg rivalry for European political pre-eminence. In the 17th century, religious beliefs and practices were a much larger influence on an average European than they are today. During that era, almost everyone was vested on one side of the dispute or another, which was also closely tied to people's ethnicities and loyalties, as religious beliefs affected ideas of the legitimacy of the political status of rulers.

text: The

text: Thirty

text: Years

text: War

text: was

text: series

text: of

text: wars

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: between

text: and

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: longest

text: and

text: most

text: destructive

text: conflicts

text: in

text: European

text: history

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: deadliest

text: European

text: religious

text: war

text: resulting

text: in

text: eight

text: million

text: casualties

text: Initially

text: war

text: between

text: various

text: Protestant

text: and

text: Catholic

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: fragmented

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: it

text: gradually

text: developed

text: into

text: more

text: general

text: conflict

text: involving

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: powers

text: These

text: states

text: employed

text: relatively

text: large

text: mercenary

text: armies

text: and

text: the

text: war

text: became

text: less

text: about

text: religion

text: and

text: more

text: of

text: continuation

text: of

text: the

text: FranceHabsburg

text: rivalry

text: for

text: European

text: political

text: pre

text: eminence

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: religious

text: beliefs

text: and

text: practices

text: were

text: much

text: larger

text: influence

text: on

text: an

text: average

text: European

text: than

text: they

text: are

text: today

text: During

text: that

text: era

text: almost

text: everyone

text: was

text: vested

text: on

text: one

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: dispute

text: or

text: another

text: which

text: was

text: also

text: closely

text: tied

text: to

text: people

text: 's

text: ethnicities

text: and

text: loyalties

text: as

text: religious

text: beliefs

text: affected

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: legitimacy

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: status

text: of

text: rulers

text: The League of the Ten Jurisdictions was the last of the Three Leagues founded during the Middle Ages in what is now Canton Graubünden of Switzerland . The League was created in the County of Toggenburg after the counts of Toggenburg died out . The League initially existed to resist the power of the House of Habsburg , and quickly allied with the Grey League and the League of God 's House . In 1524 the three leagues joined together to become the Free State of the Three Leagues , which existed until the Napoleonic dissolution of the Free State .

text: The

text: League

text: of

text: the

text: Ten

text: Jurisdictions

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: the

text: Three

text: Leagues

text: founded

text: during

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Canton

text: Graubünden

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: The

text: League

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: County

text: of

text: Toggenburg

text: after

text: the

text: counts

text: of

text: Toggenburg

text: died

text: out

text: The

text: League

text: initially

text: existed

text: to

text: resist

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: and

text: quickly

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: Grey

text: League

text: and

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: House

text: In

text: the

text: three

text: leagues

text: joined

text: together

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: Free

text: State

text: of

text: the

text: Three

text: Leagues

text: which

text: existed

text: until

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: dissolution

text: of

text: the

text: Free

text: State

text: The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European powers formed into various coalitions, primarily led and financed by the United Kingdom. The wars resulted from the unresolved disputes associated with the French Revolution and the Revolutionary Wars, which had raged on for years before concluding with the Treaty of Amiens in 1802. The resumption of hostilities the following year paved the way for more than a decade of constant warfare often categorized into five conflicts: the War of the Third Coalition (1805), the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806-7), the War of the Fifth Coalition (1809), the War of the Sixth Coalition (1813), and the War of the Seventh Coalition (1815). The Napoleonic Wars had profound consequences for global and European history, leading to the spread of nationalism and liberalism, the rise of the British Empire as the world's premier power, the independence movements in Latin America and the collapse of the Spanish Empire, the fundamental reorganization of German and Italian territories into larger states, and the establishment of radically new methods in warfare.

text: The

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: were

text: series

text: of

text: major

text: conflicts

text: pitting

text: the

text: French

text: Empire

text: and

text: its

text: allies

text: led

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: against

text: fluctuating

text: array

text: of

text: European

text: powers

text: formed

text: into

text: various

text: coalitions

text: primarily

text: led

text: and

text: financed

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The

text: wars

text: resulted

text: from

text: the

text: unresolved

text: disputes

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: and

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: which

text: had

text: raged

text: on

text: for

text: years

text: before

text: concluding

text: with

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Amiens

text: in

text: The

text: resumption

text: of

text: hostilities

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: decade

text: of

text: constant

text: warfare

text: often

text: categorized

text: into

text: five

text: conflicts

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Sixth

text: Coalition

text: and

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Seventh

text: Coalition

text: The

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: had

text: profound

text: consequences

text: for

text: global

text: and

text: European

text: history

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: nationalism

text: and

text: liberalism

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: premier

text: power

text: the

text: independence

text: movements

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: the

text: fundamental

text: reorganization

text: of

text: German

text: and

text: Italian

text: territories

text: into

text: larger

text: states

text: and

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: radically

text: new

text: methods

text: in

text: warfare

text: The Kingdom of Ireland (Classical Irish: '; Modern Irish: ') was a client state of the Kingdom of England that existed on Ireland from 1542 until 1800. It came into being when the Parliament of Ireland passed the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 and proclaimed King Henry VIII of England as King of Ireland. The territory of the Kingdom had previously had the status of a lordship of the Crown.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Classical

text: Irish

text: Modern

text: Irish

text: was

text: client

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: England

text: that

text: existed

text: on

text: Ireland

text: from

text: until

text: It

text: came

text: into

text: being

text: when

text: the

text: Parliament

text: of

text: Ireland

text: passed

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Act

text: and

text: proclaimed

text: King

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: of

text: England

text: as

text: King

text: of

text: Ireland

text: The

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: had

text: previously

text: had

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: lordship

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: Toggenburg is a region of Switzerland. It corresponds to the upper valley of the river Thur and that of its main tributary, the Necker. Since 1 January 2003, Toggenburg has been a constituency ("Wahlkreis") of the canton of St. Gallen (SFOS number 1727).

text: Toggenburg

text: is

text: region

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: It

text: corresponds

text: to

text: the

text: upper

text: valley

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: Thur

text: and

text: that

text: of

text: its

text: main

text: tributary

text: the

text: Necker

text: Since

text: January

text: Toggenburg

text: has

text: been

text: constituency

text: Wahlkreis

text: of

text: the

text: canton

text: of

text: St.

text: Gallen

text: SFOS

text: number

text: The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed from the Middle Ages into the twentieth century (10001946 with the exception of 19181920). The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom in about the year 1000; his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European middle power within the Western world.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Hungary

text: was

text: monarchy

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: that

text: existed

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: into

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: The

text: Principality

text: of

text: Hungary

text: emerged

text: as

text: Christian

text: kingdom

text: upon

text: the

text: coronation

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: king

text: Stephen

text: at

text: Esztergom

text: in

text: about

text: the

text: year

text: his

text: family

text: the

text: Árpád

text: dynasty

text: led

text: the

text: monarchy

text: for

text: years

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: kingdom

text: became

text: European

text: middle

text: power

text: within

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the 10th centurywhen it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdomsuntil 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: England

text: was

text: sovereign

text: state

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: from

text: the

text: centurywhen

text: it

text: emerged

text: from

text: various

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: kingdomsuntil

text: when

text: it

text: united

text: with

text: Scotland

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (15161700), when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg (also associated with its role in the history of Central Europe). The Habsburg rulers (chiefly Charles I and Philip II) reached the zenith of their influence and power. They controlled territory that included the Americas, the East Indies, the Low Countries and territories now in France and Germany in Europe, the Portuguese Empire from 1580 to 1640, and various other territories such as small enclaves like Ceuta and Oran in North Africa. This period of Spanish history has also been referred to as the "Age of Expansion".

text: Habsburg

text: Spain

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Spain

text: over

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: ruled

text: by

text: kings

text: from

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: also

text: associated

text: with

text: its

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: The

text: Habsburg

text: rulers

text: chiefly

text: Charles

text: and

text: Philip

text: II

text: reached

text: the

text: zenith

text: of

text: their

text: influence

text: and

text: power

text: They

text: controlled

text: territory

text: that

text: included

text: the

text: Americas

text: the

text: East

text: Indies

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: and

text: territories

text: now

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: Germany

text: in

text: Europe

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Empire

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: territories

text: such

text: as

text: small

text: enclaves

text: like

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Oran

text: in

text: North

text: Africa

text: This

text: period

text: of

text: Spanish

text: history

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Expansion

text: The city of Bern or Berne (; Bernese German: "Bärn" ) is the de facto capital of Switzerland, referred to by the Swiss as their (e.g. in German) "Bundesstadt," or "federal city". With a population of 141,762 (November 2016), Bern is the fourth most populous city in Switzerland. The Bern agglomeration, which includes 36 municipalities, had a population of 406,900 in 2014. The metropolitan area had a population of 660,000 in 2000. Bern is also the capital of the canton of Bern, the second most populous of Switzerland's cantons.

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Bern

text: or

text: Berne

text: Bernese

text: German

text: Bärn

text: is

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: capital

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: referred

text: to

text: by

text: the

text: Swiss

text: as

text: their

text: e.g.

text: in

text: German

text: Bundesstadt

text: or

text: federal

text: city

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: November

text: Bern

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: The

text: Bern

text: agglomeration

text: which

text: includes

text: municipalities

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: Bern

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: canton

text: of

text: Bern

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: 's

text: cantons

text: In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.

text: In

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Europe

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: or

text: medieval

text: period

text: lasted

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Discovery

text: The

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: is

text: the

text: middle

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: traditional

text: divisions

text: of

text: Western

text: history

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: period

text: The

text: medieval

text: period

text: is

text: itself

text: subdivided

text: into

text: the

text: Early

text: High

text: and

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting the European continent from prehistory to the present. Some of the best-known civilizations of prehistoric Europe were the Minoan and the Mycenaean, which flourished during the Bronze Age until they collapsed in a short period of time around 1200 BC.

text: The

text: history

text: of

text: Europe

text: covers

text: the

text: peoples

text: inhabiting

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: from

text: prehistory

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: civilizations

text: of

text: prehistoric

text: Europe

text: were

text: the

text: Minoan

text: and

text: the

text: Mycenaean

text: which

text: flourished

text: during

text: the

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: until

text: they

text: collapsed

text: in

text: short

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: around

text: BC

text: The Kingdom of Portugal was a monarchy on the Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of modern Portugal. It was in existence from 1139 until 1910. After 1248, it was also known as the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves and between 1815 and 1822, it was known as the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. The name is also often applied to the Portuguese Empire, the realm's extensive overseas colonies.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Portugal

text: was

text: monarchy

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: the

text: predecessor

text: of

text: modern

text: Portugal

text: It

text: was

text: in

text: existence

text: from

text: until

text: After

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Algarves

text: and

text: between

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Portugal

text: Brazil

text: and

text: the

text: Algarves

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: also

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Empire

text: the

text: realm

text: 's

text: extensive

text: overseas

text: colonies

question: dissolved_or_abolished league of the ten jurisdictions

answer: 1799


text: St. Louis is an independent city and major U.S. port in the State of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, on the border with Illinois. The city has an estimated 2015 population of 315,685, and is the cultural and economic center of the Greater St. Louis area (home to 2,916,447 people), making it the largest metropolitan area in Missouri and the 19th-largest in the United States.

text: St.

text: Louis

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: city

text: and

text: major

text: U.S.

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Missouri

text: built

text: along

text: the

text: western

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Illinois

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: economic

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: St.

text: Louis

text: area

text: home

text: to

text: people

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Missouri

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The Missouri River is the longest river in North America. Rising in the Rocky Mountains of western Montana, the Missouri flows east and south for before entering the Mississippi River north of St. Louis, Missouri. The river takes drainage from a sparsely populated, semi-arid watershed of more than half a million square miles (1,300,000 km), which includes parts of ten U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. When combined with the lower Mississippi River, it forms the world's fourth longest river system.

text: The

text: Missouri

text: River

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: river

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Rising

text: in

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: of

text: western

text: Montana

text: the

text: Missouri

text: flows

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: for

text: before

text: entering

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: north

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: The

text: river

text: takes

text: drainage

text: from

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: semi

text: arid

text: watershed

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: million

text: square

text: miles

text: km

text: which

text: includes

text: parts

text: of

text: ten

text: U.S.

text: states

text: and

text: two

text: Canadian

text: provinces

text: When

text: combined

text: with

text: the

text: lower

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: it

text: forms

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: longest

text: river

text: system

text: The Missouri Bootheel is the southeasternmost part of the state of Missouri, extending south of 36°30 north latitude, so called because its shape in relation to the rest of the state resembles the heel of a boot. Strictly speaking, it is composed of the counties of Dunklin, New Madrid, and Pemiscot. However, the term is locally used to refer to the entire southeastern lowlands of Missouri located within the Mississippi Embayment, which includes parts of Butler, Mississippi, Ripley, Scott, Stoddard and extreme southern portions of Cape Girardeau and Bollinger counties. The largest city in the region is Kennett.

text: The

text: Missouri

text: Bootheel

text: is

text: the

text: southeasternmost

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Missouri

text: extending

text: south

text: of

text: north

text: latitude

text: so

text: called

text: because

text: its

text: shape

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: resembles

text: the

text: heel

text: of

text: boot

text: Strictly

text: speaking

text: it

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Dunklin

text: New

text: Madrid

text: and

text: Pemiscot

text: However

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: locally

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: southeastern

text: lowlands

text: of

text: Missouri

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: Embayment

text: which

text: includes

text: parts

text: of

text: Butler

text: Mississippi

text: Ripley

text: Scott

text: Stoddard

text: and

text: extreme

text: southern

text: portions

text: of

text: Cape

text: Girardeau

text: and

text: Bollinger

text: counties

text: The

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: is

text: Kennett

text: The Mississippi River is the chief river of the largest drainage system on the North American continent. Flowing entirely in the United States (although its drainage basin reaches into Canada), it rises in northern Minnesota and meanders slowly southwards for to the Mississippi River Delta at the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. The Mississippi ranks as the fourth longest and fifteenth largest river in the world by discharge. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

text: The

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: is

text: the

text: chief

text: river

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: drainage

text: system

text: on

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: continent

text: Flowing

text: entirely

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: although

text: its

text: drainage

text: basin

text: reaches

text: into

text: Canada

text: it

text: rises

text: in

text: northern

text: Minnesota

text: and

text: meanders

text: slowly

text: southwards

text: for

text: to

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: Delta

text: at

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mexico

text: With

text: its

text: many

text: tributaries

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: 's

text: watershed

text: drains

text: all

text: or

text: parts

text: of

text: U.S.

text: states

text: and

text: Canadian

text: provinces

text: between

text: the

text: Rocky

text: and

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: The

text: Mississippi

text: ranks

text: as

text: the

text: fourth

text: longest

text: and

text: fifteenth

text: largest

text: river

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: discharge

text: The

text: river

text: either

text: borders

text: or

text: passes

text: through

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Minnesota

text: Wisconsin

text: Iowa

text: Illinois

text: Missouri

text: Kentucky

text: Tennessee

text: Arkansas

text: Mississippi

text: and

text: Louisiana

text: The tallgrass prairie is an ecosystem native to central North America. Natural and anthropogenic fire, as well as grazing by large mammals (primarily bison), were historically agents of periodic disturbance, which regulates tree encroachment, recycles nutrients to the soil, and catalyzes some seed dispersal and germination processes. Prior to widespread use of the steel plow, which enabled conversion to agricultural land use, tallgrass prairies expanded throughout the American Midwest and smaller portions of southern central Canada, from the transitional ecotones out of eastern North American forests, west to a climatic threshold based on precipitation and soils, to the southern reaches of the Flint Hills in Oklahoma, to a transition into forest in Manitoba.

text: The

text: tallgrass

text: prairie

text: is

text: an

text: ecosystem

text: native

text: to

text: central

text: North

text: America

text: Natural

text: and

text: anthropogenic

text: fire

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: grazing

text: by

text: large

text: mammals

text: primarily

text: bison

text: were

text: historically

text: agents

text: of

text: periodic

text: disturbance

text: which

text: regulates

text: tree

text: encroachment

text: recycles

text: nutrients

text: to

text: the

text: soil

text: and

text: catalyzes

text: some

text: seed

text: dispersal

text: and

text: germination

text: processes

text: Prior

text: to

text: widespread

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: steel

text: plow

text: which

text: enabled

text: conversion

text: to

text: agricultural

text: land

text: use

text: tallgrass

text: prairies

text: expanded

text: throughout

text: the

text: American

text: Midwest

text: and

text: smaller

text: portions

text: of

text: southern

text: central

text: Canada

text: from

text: the

text: transitional

text: ecotones

text: out

text: of

text: eastern

text: North

text: American

text: forests

text: west

text: to

text: climatic

text: threshold

text: based

text: on

text: precipitation

text: and

text: soils

text: to

text: the

text: southern

text: reaches

text: of

text: the

text: Flint

text: Hills

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: to

text: transition

text: into

text: forest

text: in

text: Manitoba

text: Highway 181 ( AR 181 , Ark. 181 , and Hwy. 181 ) is a designation for two north -- south state highways in Mississippi County . An western route of 2.24 miles ( 3.60 km ) runs from US Route 61 ( US 61 ) in Bassett to Interstate 55 ( I - 55 ) . A second route of 31.14 miles ( 50.11 km ) begins at Highway 14 in Marie and runs north to Missouri SSR - NN .

text: Highway

text: AR

text: Ark.

text: and

text: Hwy

text: is

text: designation

text: for

text: two

text: north

text: south

text: state

text: highways

text: in

text: Mississippi

text: County

text: An

text: western

text: route

text: of

text: miles

text: km

text: runs

text: from

text: US

text: Route

text: US

text: in

text: Bassett

text: to

text: Interstate

text: second

text: route

text: of

text: miles

text: km

text: begins

text: at

text: Highway

text: in

text: Marie

text: and

text: runs

text: north

text: to

text: Missouri

text: SSR

text: NN

text: Missouri (see pronunciations) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state and host to the mean center of United States population. The largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River. The state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, and now the deep soils yield great agricultural productivity. In the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the eastern border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel.

text: Missouri

text: see

text: pronunciations

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Midwestern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: achieving

text: statehood

text: in

text: With

text: over

text: six

text: million

text: residents

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: and

text: host

text: to

text: the

text: mean

text: center

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: population

text: The

text: largest

text: urban

text: areas

text: are

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Kansas

text: City

text: Springfield

text: and

text: Columbia

text: The

text: capitol

text: is

text: in

text: Jefferson

text: City

text: on

text: the

text: Missouri

text: River

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: the

text: twenty

text: first

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: is

text: geographically

text: diverse

text: The

text: Northern

text: Plains

text: were

text: once

text: covered

text: by

text: glaciers

text: then

text: tallgrass

text: prairie

text: and

text: now

text: the

text: deep

text: soils

text: yield

text: great

text: agricultural

text: productivity

text: In

text: the

text: South

text: are

text: the

text: Ozarks

text: forested

text: highland

text: providing

text: timber

text: minerals

text: and

text: recreation

text: The

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: forms

text: the

text: eastern

text: border

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: eventually

text: flowing

text: into

text: the

text: swampy

text: Missouri

text: Bootheel

text: The Ozarks, also referred to as the Ozark Mountains, Ozarks Mountain Country, and the Ozark Plateau, is a physiographic and geologic highland region of the central United States, primarily in Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. The Ozarks cover a significant portion of southern Missouri, extending as far northeast as the southwestern suburbs of St. Louis. In Arkansas, a large portion is contained within the northwestern and northcentral region. Much smaller pieces of the Ozarks extend westward into northeastern Oklahoma and extreme southeastern Kansas.

text: The

text: Ozarks

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Ozark

text: Mountains

text: Ozarks

text: Mountain

text: Country

text: and

text: the

text: Ozark

text: Plateau

text: is

text: physiographic

text: and

text: geologic

text: highland

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: United

text: States

text: primarily

text: in

text: Arkansas

text: Missouri

text: and

text: Oklahoma

text: The

text: Ozarks

text: cover

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: southern

text: Missouri

text: extending

text: as

text: far

text: northeast

text: as

text: the

text: southwestern

text: suburbs

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: In

text: Arkansas

text: large

text: portion

text: is

text: contained

text: within

text: the

text: northwestern

text: and

text: northcentral

text: region

text: Much

text: smaller

text: pieces

text: of

text: the

text: Ozarks

text: extend

text: westward

text: into

text: northeastern

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: extreme

text: southeastern

text: Kansas

text: Kansas is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name (natively "") is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south wind", although this was probably not the term's original meaning. For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Native American tribes. Tribes in the eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison.

text: Kansas

text: is

text: U.S.

text: state

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Midwestern

text: United

text: States

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Topeka

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Wichita

text: Kansas

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Kansa

text: Native

text: American

text: tribe

text: which

text: inhabited

text: the

text: area

text: The

text: tribe

text: 's

text: name

text: natively

text: is

text: often

text: said

text: to

text: mean

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: wind

text: or

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: south

text: wind

text: although

text: this

text: was

text: probably

text: not

text: the

text: term

text: 's

text: original

text: meaning

text: For

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Kansas

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: numerous

text: and

text: diverse

text: Native

text: American

text: tribes

text: Tribes

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: generally

text: lived

text: in

text: villages

text: along

text: the

text: river

text: valleys

text: Tribes

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: were

text: semi

text: nomadic

text: and

text: hunted

text: large

text: herds

text: of

text: bison

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity arkansas highway 181

answer: arkansas

text: arkansas

text: arkansas

text: arkansas