text: In science and philosophy, a paradigm is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitutes legitimate contributions to a field.

text: In

text: science

text: and

text: philosophy

text: paradigm

text: is

text: distinct

text: set

text: of

text: concepts

text: or

text: thought

text: patterns

text: including

text: theories

text: research

text: methods

text: postulates

text: and

text: standards

text: for

text: what

text: constitutes

text: legitimate

text: contributions

text: to

text: field

text: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe ( born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies; March 27, 1886  August 17, 1969) was a German-American architect. He is commonly referred to and was addressed as Mies, his surname. Along with Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius and Frank Lloyd Wright, he is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of modernist architecture.

text: Ludwig

text: Mies

text: van

text: der

text: Rohe

text: born

text: Maria

text: Ludwig

text: Michael

text: Mies

text: March

text: August

text: was

text: German

text: American

text: architect

text: He

text: is

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: and

text: was

text: addressed

text: as

text: Mies

text: his

text: surname

text: Along

text: with

text: Le

text: Corbusier

text: Walter

text: Gropius

text: and

text: Frank

text: Lloyd

text: Wright

text: he

text: is

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: pioneers

text: of

text: modernist

text: architecture

text: Modern architecture or modernist architecture is a term applied to a group of styles of architecture which emerged in the first half of the 20th century and became dominant after World War II. It was based upon new technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel and reinforced concrete; and upon a rejection of the traditional neoclassical architecture and Beaux-Arts styles that were popular in the 19th century.

text: Modern

text: architecture

text: or

text: modernist

text: architecture

text: is

text: term

text: applied

text: to

text: group

text: of

text: styles

text: of

text: architecture

text: which

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: became

text: dominant

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: It

text: was

text: based

text: upon

text: new

text: technologies

text: of

text: construction

text: particularly

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: glass

text: steel

text: and

text: reinforced

text: concrete

text: and

text: upon

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: neoclassical

text: architecture

text: and

text: Beaux

text: Arts

text: styles

text: that

text: were

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Postmodern architecture is a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style advocated by Le Corbusier and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. The movement was given a doctrine by the architect and architectural theorist Robert Venturi in his 1966 book "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture". The style flourished from the 1980s through the 1990s, particularly in the work of Venturi, Philip Johnson, Charles Moore and Michael Graves. In the late 1990s it divided into a multitude of new tendencies, including high-tech architecture, neo-classicism and deconstructivism.

text: Postmodern

text: architecture

text: is

text: style

text: or

text: movement

text: which

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: as

text: reaction

text: against

text: the

text: austerity

text: formality

text: and

text: lack

text: of

text: variety

text: of

text: modern

text: architecture

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: international

text: style

text: advocated

text: by

text: Le

text: Corbusier

text: and

text: Ludwig

text: Mies

text: van

text: der

text: Rohe

text: The

text: movement

text: was

text: given

text: doctrine

text: by

text: the

text: architect

text: and

text: architectural

text: theorist

text: Robert

text: Venturi

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Complexity

text: and

text: Contradiction

text: in

text: Architecture

text: The

text: style

text: flourished

text: from

text: the

text: through

text: the

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Venturi

text: Philip

text: Johnson

text: Charles

text: Moore

text: and

text: Michael

text: Graves

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: it

text: divided

text: into

text: multitude

text: of

text: new

text: tendencies

text: including

text: high

text: tech

text: architecture

text: neo

text: classicism

text: and

text: deconstructivism

text: Architecture (Latin "architectura", from the Greek  "arkhitekton" "architect", from - "chief" and  "builder") is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements.

text: Architecture

text: Latin

text: architectura

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: arkhitekton

text: architect

text: from

text: chief

text: and

text: builder

text: is

text: both

text: the

text: process

text: and

text: the

text: product

text: of

text: planning

text: designing

text: and

text: constructing

text: buildings

text: and

text: other

text: physical

text: structures

text: Architectural

text: works

text: in

text: the

text: material

text: form

text: of

text: buildings

text: are

text: often

text: perceived

text: as

text: cultural

text: symbols

text: and

text: as

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: Historical

text: civilizations

text: are

text: often

text: identified

text: with

text: their

text: surviving

text: architectural

text: achievements

text: Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906  January 25, 2005) was an American architect, best known for his works of Modern architecture, including the Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut, and his works of postmodern architecture, particularly 550 Madison Avenue (Formerly the ATT&T Building and then the Sony Building), designed with John Burgee. In 1978 he was awarded an American Institute of Architects Gold Medal and in 1979 the first Pritzker Architecture Prize.

text: Philip

text: Cortelyou

text: Johnson

text: July

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: architect

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: works

text: of

text: Modern

text: architecture

text: including

text: the

text: Glass

text: House

text: in

text: New

text: Canaan

text: Connecticut

text: and

text: his

text: works

text: of

text: postmodern

text: architecture

text: particularly

text: Madison

text: Avenue

text: Formerly

text: the

text: ATT&T

text: Building

text: and

text: then

text: the

text: Sony

text: Building

text: designed

text: with

text: John

text: Burgee

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: awarded

text: an

text: American

text: Institute

text: of

text: Architects

text: Gold

text: Medal

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Pritzker

text: Architecture

text: Prize

text: Deconstructivism is a movement of postmodern architecture which appeared in the 1980s, which gives the impression of the fragmentation of the constructed building. It is characterized by an absence of harmony, continuity, or symmetry. Its name comes from the idea of "Deconstruction", a form of semiotic analysis developed by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida. Architects whose work is often described as deconstructionism (though in many cases the architects themselves reject the label) include Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Daniel Libeskind, Bernard Tschumi, and Coop Himmelb(l)au.

text: Deconstructivism

text: is

text: movement

text: of

text: postmodern

text: architecture

text: which

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: which

text: gives

text: the

text: impression

text: of

text: the

text: fragmentation

text: of

text: the

text: constructed

text: building

text: It

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: an

text: absence

text: of

text: harmony

text: continuity

text: or

text: symmetry

text: Its

text: name

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: Deconstruction

text: form

text: of

text: semiotic

text: analysis

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: philosopher

text: Jacques

text: Derrida

text: Architects

text: whose

text: work

text: is

text: often

text: described

text: as

text: deconstructionism

text: though

text: in

text: many

text: cases

text: the

text: architects

text: themselves

text: reject

text: the

text: label

text: include

text: Peter

text: Eisenman

text: Frank

text: Gehry

text: Zaha

text: Hadid

text: Rem

text: Koolhaas

text: Daniel

text: Libeskind

text: Bernard

text: Tschumi

text: and

text: Coop

text: Himmelb(l)au

text: High-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design. High-tech architecture appeared as a revamped modernism, an extension of those previous ideas helped by even more technological advances. This category serves as a bridge between modernism and post-modernism; however, there remain gray areas as to where one category ends and the other begins. In the 1980s, high-tech architecture became more difficult to distinguish from post-modern architecture. Some of its themes and ideas were later absorbed into the style of Neo-Futurism art and architectural movement.

text: High

text: tech

text: architecture

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Late

text: Modernism

text: or

text: Structural

text: Expressionism

text: is

text: an

text: architectural

text: style

text: that

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: incorporating

text: elements

text: of

text: high

text: tech

text: industry

text: and

text: technology

text: into

text: building

text: design

text: High

text: tech

text: architecture

text: appeared

text: as

text: revamped

text: modernism

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: those

text: previous

text: ideas

text: helped

text: by

text: even

text: more

text: technological

text: advances

text: This

text: category

text: serves

text: as

text: bridge

text: between

text: modernism

text: and

text: post

text: modernism

text: however

text: there

text: remain

text: gray

text: areas

text: as

text: to

text: where

text: one

text: category

text: ends

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: begins

text: In

text: the

text: high

text: tech

text: architecture

text: became

text: more

text: difficult

text: to

text: distinguish

text: from

text: post

text: modern

text: architecture

text: Some

text: of

text: its

text: themes

text: and

text: ideas

text: were

text: later

text: absorbed

text: into

text: the

text: style

text: of

text: Neo

text: Futurism

text: art

text: and

text: architectural

text: movement

text: Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in particular cases. However, this is often without conventions or rules dictating how or which theories were combined.

text: Eclecticism

text: is

text: conceptual

text: approach

text: that

text: does

text: not

text: hold

text: rigidly

text: to

text: single

text: paradigm

text: or

text: set

text: of

text: assumptions

text: but

text: instead

text: draws

text: upon

text: multiple

text: theories

text: styles

text: or

text: ideas

text: to

text: gain

text: complementary

text: insights

text: into

text: subject

text: or

text: applies

text: different

text: theories

text: in

text: particular

text: cases

text: However

text: this

text: is

text: often

text: without

text: conventions

text: or

text: rules

text: dictating

text: how

text: or

text: which

text: theories

text: were

text: combined

text: Robert Charles Venturi, Jr. (born June 25, 1925) is an American architect, founding principal of the firm Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, and one of the major architectural figures in the twentieth century. Together with his wife and partner, Denise Scott Brown, he helped to shape the way that architects, planners and students experience and think about architecture and the American built environment. Their buildings, planning, theoretical writings, and teaching have also contributed to the expansion of discourse about architecture.

text: Robert

text: Charles

text: Venturi

text: Jr.

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: architect

text: founding

text: principal

text: of

text: the

text: firm

text: Venturi

text: Scott

text: Brown

text: and

text: Associates

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: architectural

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: Together

text: with

text: his

text: wife

text: and

text: partner

text: Denise

text: Scott

text: Brown

text: he

text: helped

text: to

text: shape

text: the

text: way

text: that

text: architects

text: planners

text: and

text: students

text: experience

text: and

text: think

text: about

text: architecture

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: built

text: environment

text: Their

text: buildings

text: planning

text: theoretical

text: writings

text: and

text: teaching

text: have

text: also

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: discourse

text: about

text: architecture

text: Michael Graves (July 9, 1934  March 12, 2015) was an American architect. Identified as one of The New York Five, as well as Memphis Group, Graves was known first for his contemporary building designs and some prominent public commissions that became iconic examples of Postmodern architecture, such as the Portland Building and Denver Public Library. His recognition grew through designing domestic products sold by premium Italian housewares maker Alessi, and later low-cost new designs at stores such as Target and J. C. Penney in the United States. He was a representative of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture and formerly designed postmodern buildings, and was recognized as a major influence in all three movements.

text: Michael

text: Graves

text: July

text: March

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: architect

text: Identified

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Five

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Memphis

text: Group

text: Graves

text: was

text: known

text: first

text: for

text: his

text: contemporary

text: building

text: designs

text: and

text: some

text: prominent

text: public

text: commissions

text: that

text: became

text: iconic

text: examples

text: of

text: Postmodern

text: architecture

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Portland

text: Building

text: and

text: Denver

text: Public

text: Library

text: His

text: recognition

text: grew

text: through

text: designing

text: domestic

text: products

text: sold

text: by

text: premium

text: Italian

text: housewares

text: maker

text: Alessi

text: and

text: later

text: low

text: cost

text: new

text: designs

text: at

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Target

text: and

text: Penney

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: He

text: was

text: representative

text: of

text: New

text: Urbanism

text: and

text: New

text: Classical

text: Architecture

text: and

text: formerly

text: designed

text: postmodern

text: buildings

text: and

text: was

text: recognized

text: as

text: major

text: influence

text: in

text: all

text: three

text: movements

text: Charles-Édouard Jeanneret, known as Le Corbusier (October 6, 1887  August 27, 1965), was a Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now called modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades; he constructed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America.

text: Charles

text: Édouard

text: Jeanneret

text: known

text: as

text: Le

text: Corbusier

text: October

text: August

text: was

text: Swiss

text: French

text: architect

text: designer

text: painter

text: urban

text: planner

text: writer

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: pioneers

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: modern

text: architecture

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: became

text: French

text: citizen

text: in

text: His

text: career

text: spanned

text: five

text: decades

text: he

text: constructed

text: buildings

text: in

text: Europe

text: Japan

text: India

text: and

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: Neomodern or neomodernist art is a reaction to the complexity of postmodern architecture and eclecticism , seeking greater simplicity .

text: Neomodern

text: or

text: neomodernist

text: art

text: is

text: reaction

text: to

text: the

text: complexity

text: of

text: postmodern

text: architecture

text: and

text: eclecticism

text: seeking

text: greater

text: simplicity

annotations: follows multiple

question: instance_of neomodern

answer: architectural style

text: architectural style


text: Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator, ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom, was a contestant in the tangled-up family feuds among the last Seleucids.

text: Antiochus

text: Eusebes

text: Philopator

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: was

text: contestant

text: in

text: the

text: tangled

text: up

text: family

text: feuds

text: among

text: the

text: last

text: Seleucids

text: Damascus (' ) is the capital and likely the largest city of Syria, following the decline in population of Aleppo due to the ongoing battle for the city. It is commonly known in Syria as "ash-Sham" (') and nicknamed as the "City of Jasmine" (""). In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major cultural and religious centre of the Levant. The city has an estimated population of 1,711,000 .

text: Damascus

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: likely

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Syria

text: following

text: the

text: decline

text: in

text: population

text: of

text: Aleppo

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: ongoing

text: battle

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: in

text: Syria

text: as

text: ash

text: Sham

text: and

text: nicknamed

text: as

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Jasmine

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: continuously

text: inhabited

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Damascus

text: is

text: major

text: cultural

text: and

text: religious

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Levant

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: Syria, officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (""), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus.

text: Syria

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Syrian

text: Arab

text: Republic

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bordering

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Jordan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Syria

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Damascus

text: Jordan ('), officially The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ('), is an Arab kingdom in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the east and south, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north, Israel, Palestine and the Dead Sea to the west and the Red Sea in its extreme south-west. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.

text: Jordan

text: officially

text: The

text: Hashemite

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Jordan

text: is

text: an

text: Arab

text: kingdom

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: on

text: the

text: East

text: Bank

text: of

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: Jordan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Israel

text: Palestine

text: and

text: the

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: in

text: its

text: extreme

text: south

text: west

text: Jordan

text: is

text: strategically

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: and

text: Europe

text: The

text: capital

text: Amman

text: is

text: Jordan

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: economic

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: centre

text: Antiochus VIII Epiphanes/Callinicus/Philometor, nicknamed "Grypus" (hook-nose), was crowned as ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom in 125 BC. He was the son of Demetrius II Nicator and Cleopatra Thea.

text: Antiochus

text: VIII

text: Epiphanes

text: Callinicus

text: Philometor

text: nicknamed

text: Grypus

text: hook

text: nose

text: was

text: crowned

text: as

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: in

text: BC

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Demetrius

text: II

text: Nicator

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: Thea

text: Lebanon , officially known as the Lebanese Republic, is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity. At just 10,452 km (4,036 sq. mi.), it is the smallest recognized country on the entire mainland Asian continent.

text: Lebanon

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Republic

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: while

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: west

text: across

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Lebanon

text: 's

text: location

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: and

text: the

text: Arabian

text: hinterland

text: facilitated

text: its

text: rich

text: history

text: and

text: shaped

text: cultural

text: identity

text: of

text: religious

text: and

text: ethnic

text: diversity

text: At

text: just

text: km

text: sq

text: mi

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: smallest

text: recognized

text: country

text: on

text: the

text: entire

text: mainland

text: Asian

text: continent

text: Cleopatra Thea (which means "Cleopatra the Goddess"; c. 164  121 BC) surnamed Eueteria (i.e., "good-harvest/fruitful season") was the ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. She ruled Syria from 125 BC after the death of Demetrius II Nicator. She eventually ruled in co-regency with her son Antiochus VIII Grypus until 121 or 120 BC.

text: Cleopatra

text: Thea

text: which

text: means

text: Cleopatra

text: the

text: Goddess

text: BC

text: surnamed

text: Eueteria

text: i.e.

text: good

text: harvest

text: fruitful

text: season

text: was

text: the

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: She

text: ruled

text: Syria

text: from

text: BC

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Demetrius

text: II

text: Nicator

text: She

text: eventually

text: ruled

text: in

text: co

text: regency

text: with

text: her

text: son

text: Antiochus

text: VIII

text: Grypus

text: until

text: or

text: BC

text: Philip I Philadelphus ( Greek :   '   , `` Philip the brother - loving '' ) , a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom , was the fourth son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and his wife Tryphaena . Philip I took the diadem in 95 BC together with his brother ( probably twin ) Antiochus XI Ephiphanes , after the eldest son Seleucus VI Epiphanes was killed by their cousin Antiochus X Eusebes . He established himself in Antiochia after 92 BC and survived attacks from younger brother Demetrius III Eucaerus . His rule was ended in 83 BC when Tigranes conquered Syria , or earlier . He disappears from history at that point , but coins bearing his portrait were issued by later Roman authorities .

text: Philip

text: Philadelphus

text: Greek

text: Philip

text: the

text: brother

text: loving

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: son

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: VIII

text: Grypus

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: Tryphaena

text: Philip

text: took

text: the

text: diadem

text: in

text: BC

text: together

text: with

text: his

text: brother

text: probably

text: twin

text: Antiochus

text: XI

text: Ephiphanes

text: after

text: the

text: eldest

text: son

text: Seleucus

text: VI

text: Epiphanes

text: was

text: killed

text: by

text: their

text: cousin

text: Antiochus

text: Eusebes

text: He

text: established

text: himself

text: in

text: Antiochia

text: after

text: BC

text: and

text: survived

text: attacks

text: from

text: younger

text: brother

text: Demetrius

text: III

text: Eucaerus

text: His

text: rule

text: was

text: ended

text: in

text: BC

text: when

text: Tigranes

text: conquered

text: Syria

text: or

text: earlier

text: He

text: disappears

text: from

text: history

text: at

text: that

text: point

text: but

text: coins

text: bearing

text: his

text: portrait

text: were

text: issued

text: by

text: later

text: Roman

text: authorities

text: Demetrius III (died 88 BC), called Eucaerus ("well-timed" possibly a misunderstanding of the derogative name "Akairos", "the untimely one"), Philopator and Soter, was a ruler of the Seleucid kingdom, the son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and his wife Tryphaena.

text: Demetrius

text: III

text: died

text: BC

text: called

text: Eucaerus

text: well

text: timed

text: possibly

text: misunderstanding

text: of

text: the

text: derogative

text: name

text: Akairos

text: the

text: untimely

text: one

text: Philopator

text: and

text: Soter

text: was

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: VIII

text: Grypus

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: Tryphaena

text: Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nikator (Greek:  ), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom, was the oldest son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and his wife Tryphaena.

text: Seleucus

text: VI

text: Epiphanes

text: Nikator

text: Greek

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: was

text: the

text: oldest

text: son

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: VIII

text: Grypus

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: Tryphaena

text: The araB gene promoter is a bacterial promoter, activated by e L-arabinose binding.

text: The

text: araB

text: gene

text: promoter

text: is

text: bacterial

text: promoter

text: activated

text: by

text: arabinose

text: binding

text: Israel , officially known as the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's financial and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over the city of Jerusalem is internationally unrecognized.

text: Israel

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: on

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: It

text: has

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Lebanon

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Jordan

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: and

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: west

text: respectively

text: and

text: Egypt

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: The

text: country

text: contains

text: geographically

text: diverse

text: features

text: within

text: its

text: relatively

text: small

text: area

text: Israel

text: 's

text: financial

text: and

text: technology

text: center

text: is

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: while

text: its

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: and

text: proclaimed

text: capital

text: is

text: Jerusalem

text: although

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Jerusalem

text: is

text: internationally

text: unrecognized

text: Iraq (, or ; '; '), officially known as the Republic of Iraq ('; ') is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The capital, and largest city, is Baghdad. The main ethnic groups are Arabs and Kurds; others include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans, Circassians, and Kawliya. Around 95% of the country's 36 million citizens are Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish.

text: Iraq

text: or

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iraq

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bordered

text: by

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Kuwait

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Jordan

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Baghdad

text: The

text: main

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: are

text: Arabs

text: and

text: Kurds

text: others

text: include

text: Assyrians

text: Turkmen

text: Shabakis

text: Yazidis

text: Armenians

text: Mandeans

text: Circassians

text: and

text: Kawliya

text: Around

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: million

text: citizens

text: are

text: Muslims

text: with

text: Christianity

text: Yarsan

text: Yezidism

text: and

text: Mandeanism

text: also

text: present

text: The

text: official

text: languages

text: of

text: Iraq

text: are

text: Arabic

text: and

text: Kurdish

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: likely single

question: occupation philip i philadelphus

answer: sovereign

text: sovereign


text: Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.

text: Sweden

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Sweden

text: Swedish

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Denmark

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: by

text: bridge

text: tunnel

text: across

text: the

text: Öresund

text: At

text: Sweden

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: by

text: area

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Sweden

text: consequently

text: has

text: low

text: population

text: density

text: of

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: concentration

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Approximately

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: lives

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: Hultsfred is a locality and the seat of Hultsfred Municipality, Kalmar County, Sweden with 5,143 inhabitants in 2010. It is best known for the Hultsfred Festival.

text: Hultsfred

text: is

text: locality

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Hultsfred

text: Municipality

text: Kalmar

text: County

text: Sweden

text: with

text: inhabitants

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: Hultsfred

text: Festival

text: Kalmar Municipality ("Kalmar kommun") is a municipality in Kalmar County, southeastern Sweden. The city of Kalmar is the municipal seat.

text: Kalmar

text: Municipality

text: Kalmar

text: kommun

text: is

text: municipality

text: in

text: Kalmar

text: County

text: southeastern

text: Sweden

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Kalmar

text: is

text: the

text: municipal

text: seat

text: Kalmar County ("Kalmar län") is a county or "län" in southern Sweden. It borders the counties of Kronoberg, Jönköping, Blekinge and Östergötland. To the east in the Baltic Sea is the island Gotland.

text: Kalmar

text: County

text: Kalmar

text: län

text: is

text: county

text: or

text: län

text: in

text: southern

text: Sweden

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Kronoberg

text: Jönköping

text: Blekinge

text: and

text: Östergötland

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: is

text: the

text: island

text: Gotland

text: Stefan Olof Ragnar Landberg ( born May 5 , 1970 in Hultsfred , Kalmar ) is a Swedish football coach and former midfielder . He played for Kalmar FF ( 1987 -- 1989 ) , Östers IF ( 1990 -- 1994 ) and IFK Göteborg ( 1995 -- 2000 ) . He was capped 17 times for Sweden . He was later an assistant coach of IFK Göteborg , together with Kjell Pettersson under head coach Arne Erlandsen .

text: Stefan

text: Olof

text: Ragnar

text: Landberg

text: born

text: May

text: in

text: Hultsfred

text: Kalmar

text: is

text: Swedish

text: football

text: coach

text: and

text: former

text: midfielder

text: He

text: played

text: for

text: Kalmar

text: FF

text: Östers

text: IF

text: and

text: IFK

text: Göteborg

text: He

text: was

text: capped

text: times

text: for

text: Sweden

text: He

text: was

text: later

text: an

text: assistant

text: coach

text: of

text: IFK

text: Göteborg

text: together

text: with

text: Kjell

text: Pettersson

text: under

text: head

text: coach

text: Arne

text: Erlandsen

text: Hultsfred Municipality ("Hultsfreds kommun") is a municipality in Kalmar County, in south-eastern Sweden. The seat is in the town of Hultsfred.

text: Hultsfred

text: Municipality

text: Hultsfreds

text: kommun

text: is

text: municipality

text: in

text: Kalmar

text: County

text: in

text: south

text: eastern

text: Sweden

text: The

text: seat

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Hultsfred

text: The Baltic Sea (  ; ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gdask. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of Øresund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.

text: The

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: is

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: enclosed

text: by

text: Scandinavia

text: Finland

text: the

text: Baltic

text: countries

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: European

text: Plain

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Riga

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Gdask

text: The

text: sea

text: stretches

text: from

text: to

text: latitude

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: longitude

text: mediterranean

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: with

text: limited

text: water

text: exchange

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: bodies

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: drains

text: through

text: the

text: Danish

text: islands

text: into

text: the

text: Kattegat

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: the

text: straits

text: of

text: Øresund

text: the

text: Great

text: Belt

text: and

text: the

text: Little

text: Belt

text: Kalmar is a city in the southeast of Sweden, situated by the Baltic Sea. It had 36,392 inhabitants in 2010 and is the seat of Kalmar Municipality. It is also the capital of Kalmar County, which comprises 12 municipalities with a total of 236,399 inhabitants (2015).

text: Kalmar

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: of

text: Sweden

text: situated

text: by

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: It

text: had

text: inhabitants

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Kalmar

text: Municipality

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Kalmar

text: County

text: which

text: comprises

text: municipalities

text: with

text: total

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: The Hultsfred Festival is an annual music festival held in Hultsfred, Sweden. It takes place at the lake Hulingen during three days in the June or July, from Thursday to Saturday. Since the first festival in 1986, its attendance has increased from 7,500 visitors to approximately 32,000 people in 2005. With its five different stages, the Hultsfred Festival hosts a large number of bands per year (154 in 2007) from all over Scandinavia and the world alike.

text: The

text: Hultsfred

text: Festival

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: music

text: festival

text: held

text: in

text: Hultsfred

text: Sweden

text: It

text: takes

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: lake

text: Hulingen

text: during

text: three

text: days

text: in

text: the

text: June

text: or

text: July

text: from

text: Thursday

text: to

text: Saturday

text: Since

text: the

text: first

text: festival

text: in

text: its

text: attendance

text: has

text: increased

text: from

text: visitors

text: to

text: approximately

text: people

text: in

text: With

text: its

text: five

text: different

text: stages

text: the

text: Hultsfred

text: Festival

text: hosts

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: bands

text: per

text: year

text: in

text: from

text: all

text: over

text: Scandinavia

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: alike

question: place_of_birth stefan landberg

answer: hultsfred municipality

text: hultsfred municipality

text: hultsfred municipality


text: The parsnip ("Pastinaca sativa") is a root vegetable closely related to the carrot and parsley. It is a biennial plant usually grown as an annual. Its long, tuberous root has cream-colored skin and flesh; and left in the ground to mature, it becomes sweeter in flavor after winter frosts. In its first growing season, the plant has a rosette of pinnate, mid-green leaves. If unharvested, it produces its flowering stem, topped by an umbel of small yellow flowers, in its second growing season. By this time, the stem is woody and the tuber is inedible. The seeds are pale brown, flat, and winged.

text: The

text: parsnip

text: Pastinaca

text: sativa

text: is

text: root

text: vegetable

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: carrot

text: and

text: parsley

text: It

text: is

text: biennial

text: plant

text: usually

text: grown

text: as

text: an

text: annual

text: Its

text: long

text: tuberous

text: root

text: has

text: cream

text: colored

text: skin

text: and

text: flesh

text: and

text: left

text: in

text: the

text: ground

text: to

text: mature

text: it

text: becomes

text: sweeter

text: in

text: flavor

text: after

text: winter

text: frosts

text: In

text: its

text: first

text: growing

text: season

text: the

text: plant

text: has

text: rosette

text: of

text: pinnate

text: mid

text: green

text: leaves

text: If

text: unharvested

text: it

text: produces

text: its

text: flowering

text: stem

text: topped

text: by

text: an

text: umbel

text: of

text: small

text: yellow

text: flowers

text: in

text: its

text: second

text: growing

text: season

text: By

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: stem

text: is

text: woody

text: and

text: the

text: tuber

text: is

text: inedible

text: The

text: seeds

text: are

text: pale

text: brown

text: flat

text: and

text: winged

text: Coriander (or ; "Coriandrum sativum"), also known as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the parts most traditionally used in cooking.

text: Coriander

text: or

text: Coriandrum

text: sativum

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: cilantro

text: or

text: Chinese

text: parsley

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: herb

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: All

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: are

text: edible

text: but

text: the

text: fresh

text: leaves

text: and

text: the

text: dried

text: seeds

text: are

text: the

text: parts

text: most

text: traditionally

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: Cicely or sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata) is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the celery family Apiaceae. It is one of two accepted species in the genus Myrrhis.

text: Cicely

text: or

text: sweet

text: cicely

text: Myrrhis

text: odorata

text: is

text: herbaceous

text: perennial

text: plant

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: celery

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: two

text: accepted

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: genus

text: Myrrhis

text: Djibouti (; ', , ), officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at the east. Djibouti occupies a total area of just .

text: Djibouti

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Djibouti

text: is

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Eritrea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: Ethiopia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: Somalia

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: The

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: border

text: is

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aden

text: at

text: the

text: east

text: Djibouti

text: occupies

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: just

text: The Horn of Africa (, "yäafrika qänd", "al-qarn al-'afrq") (shortened to HOA) is a peninsula in Northeast Africa. It juts hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea and lies along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden. The area is the easternmost projection of the African continent. The Horn of Africa denotes the region containing the countries of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia.

text: The

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: yäafrika

text: qänd

text: al

text: qarn

text: al-'afrq

text: shortened

text: to

text: HOA

text: is

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Northeast

text: Africa

text: It

text: juts

text: hundreds

text: of

text: kilometers

text: into

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: and

text: lies

text: along

text: the

text: southern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aden

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: the

text: easternmost

text: projection

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: continent

text: The

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: denotes

text: the

text: region

text: containing

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: Djibouti

text: Eritrea

text: Ethiopia

text: and

text: Somalia

text: Angelica is a genus of about 60 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far north as Iceland and Lapland and Greenland. They grow to tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers.

text: Angelica

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: about

text: species

text: of

text: tall

text: biennial

text: and

text: perennial

text: herbs

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: temperate

text: and

text: subarctic

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: reaching

text: as

text: far

text: north

text: as

text: Iceland

text: and

text: Lapland

text: and

text: Greenland

text: They

text: grow

text: to

text: tall

text: with

text: large

text: bipinnate

text: leaves

text: and

text: large

text: compound

text: umbels

text: of

text: white

text: or

text: greenish

text: white

text: flowers

text: Celery ("Apium graveolens"), a marshland plant in the family Apiaceae, has been cultivated as a vegetable since antiquity. Celery has a long fibrous stalk tapering into leaves. Depending on location and cultivar, either its stalks, leaves, or hypocotyl are eaten and used in cooking.

text: Celery

text: Apium

text: graveolens

text: marshland

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: has

text: been

text: cultivated

text: as

text: vegetable

text: since

text: antiquity

text: Celery

text: has

text: long

text: fibrous

text: stalk

text: tapering

text: into

text: leaves

text: Depending

text: on

text: location

text: and

text: cultivar

text: either

text: its

text: stalks

text: leaves

text: or

text: hypocotyl

text: are

text: eaten

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: Heracleum is a genus of about 60 species ( depending on taxonomic interpretation ) of biennial and perennial herbs in the carrot family Apiaceae . They are found throughout the temperate northern hemisphere and in high mountains as far south as Ethiopia . Common names for the genus or its species include hogweed and cow parsnip . Major species include : Heracleum mantegazzianum , Giant hogweed , is a native of the Caucasus Mountains , grows to 4 - 5m tall , and can cause severe phytophotodermatitis if the sap gets on human skin . The main mechanism for this dermatitis is extreme photosensitivity , causing severe sunburn on exposure to relatively small amounts of sunlight , with rash and blistering appearing within a few minutes : accordingly immediately covering sap - affected skin can prevent the dermatitis in many cases . It has become a serious invasive weed in many areas of Europe and North America , after being introduced as a garden plant . Heracleum persicum , Persian hogweed , is similar in size and properties to the giant hogweed , and was originally from Iran , Iraq and Turkey ; it is known in northern Norway as the Tromsø palm . Heracleum sphondylium , Common hogweed , is common in Europe . Heracleum lanatum ( synonyms : Heracleum sphondylium subsp . montanum , Heracleum maximum ) , Cow parsnip , is common in North America Heracleum nepalense is common in Sikkim and Darjeeling district of India . Called chimphing in the Nepali language , it is considered medicinal for stomach ailments and its seeds are ground with tomato and taken as a relish , especially with boiled vegetables .

text: Heracleum

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: about

text: species

text: depending

text: on

text: taxonomic

text: interpretation

text: of

text: biennial

text: and

text: perennial

text: herbs

text: in

text: the

text: carrot

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: They

text: are

text: found

text: throughout

text: the

text: temperate

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: and

text: in

text: high

text: mountains

text: as

text: far

text: south

text: as

text: Ethiopia

text: Common

text: names

text: for

text: the

text: genus

text: or

text: its

text: species

text: include

text: hogweed

text: and

text: cow

text: parsnip

text: Major

text: species

text: include

text: Heracleum

text: mantegazzianum

text: Giant

text: hogweed

text: is

text: native

text: of

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: grows

text: to

text: tall

text: and

text: can

text: cause

text: severe

text: phytophotodermatitis

text: if

text: the

text: sap

text: gets

text: on

text: human

text: skin

text: The

text: main

text: mechanism

text: for

text: this

text: dermatitis

text: is

text: extreme

text: photosensitivity

text: causing

text: severe

text: sunburn

text: on

text: exposure

text: to

text: relatively

text: small

text: amounts

text: of

text: sunlight

text: with

text: rash

text: and

text: blistering

text: appearing

text: within

text: few

text: minutes

text: accordingly

text: immediately

text: covering

text: sap

text: affected

text: skin

text: can

text: prevent

text: the

text: dermatitis

text: in

text: many

text: cases

text: It

text: has

text: become

text: serious

text: invasive

text: weed

text: in

text: many

text: areas

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: after

text: being

text: introduced

text: as

text: garden

text: plant

text: Heracleum

text: persicum

text: Persian

text: hogweed

text: is

text: similar

text: in

text: size

text: and

text: properties

text: to

text: the

text: giant

text: hogweed

text: and

text: was

text: originally

text: from

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Turkey

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: in

text: northern

text: Norway

text: as

text: the

text: Tromsø

text: palm

text: Heracleum

text: sphondylium

text: Common

text: hogweed

text: is

text: common

text: in

text: Europe

text: Heracleum

text: lanatum

text: synonyms

text: Heracleum

text: sphondylium

text: subsp

text: montanum

text: Heracleum

text: maximum

text: Cow

text: parsnip

text: is

text: common

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Heracleum

text: nepalense

text: is

text: common

text: in

text: Sikkim

text: and

text: Darjeeling

text: district

text: of

text: India

text: Called

text: chimphing

text: in

text: the

text: Nepali

text: language

text: it

text: is

text: considered

text: medicinal

text: for

text: stomach

text: ailments

text: and

text: its

text: seeds

text: are

text: ground

text: with

text: tomato

text: and

text: taken

text: as

text: relish

text: especially

text: with

text: boiled

text: vegetables

text: Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community (EAC). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana (formerly called Lake Rudolf) and further south-east to the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Tanzania to the south and southwest, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya covers , and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014.

text: Kenya

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kenya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Africa

text: and

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: African

text: Community

text: EAC

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Nairobi

text: Kenya

text: 's

text: territory

text: lies

text: on

text: the

text: equator

text: and

text: overlies

text: the

text: East

text: African

text: Rift

text: covering

text: diverse

text: and

text: expansive

text: terrain

text: that

text: extends

text: roughly

text: from

text: Lake

text: Victoria

text: to

text: Lake

text: Turkana

text: formerly

text: called

text: Lake

text: Rudolf

text: and

text: further

text: south

text: east

text: to

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Tanzania

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southwest

text: Uganda

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: South

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: west

text: Ethiopia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Somalia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Kenya

text: covers

text: and

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: July

text: Dill ("Anethum graveolens") is an annual herb in the celery family Apiaceae.

text: Dill

text: Anethum

text: graveolens

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: herb

text: in

text: the

text: celery

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: Eritrea (or ), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. With its capital at Asmara, it is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea. The nation has a total area of approximately , and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands. Its toponym "Eritrea" is based on the Greek name for the Red Sea, which was first adopted for Italian Eritrea in 1890.

text: Eritrea

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: With

text: its

text: capital

text: at

text: Asmara

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Sudan

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Ethiopia

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Djibouti

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: The

text: northeastern

text: and

text: eastern

text: parts

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: have

text: an

text: extensive

text: coastline

text: along

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: The

text: nation

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: approximately

text: and

text: includes

text: the

text: Dahlak

text: Archipelago

text: and

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: Hanish

text: Islands

text: Its

text: toponym

text: Eritrea

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Greek

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: which

text: was

text: first

text: adopted

text: for

text: Italian

text: Eritrea

text: in

text: Apium (including celery and the marshworts) is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, with a subcosmopolitan distribution in Europe, Asia, Africa, South America and Australia. They are medium to tall biennials or perennials growing up to 1 m high in the wet soil of marshes and salt marshes, and have pinnate to bipinnate leaves and small white flowers in compound umbels. Some species are edible, notably "Apium graveolens", which includes the commercially important vegetables celery, celeriac and Chinese celery. "Apium bermejoi" from the island of Minorca is one of the rarest plants in Europe, with fewer than 100 individuals left.

text: Apium

text: including

text: celery

text: and

text: the

text: marshworts

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: about

text: species

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: with

text: subcosmopolitan

text: distribution

text: in

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: South

text: America

text: and

text: Australia

text: They

text: are

text: medium

text: to

text: tall

text: biennials

text: or

text: perennials

text: growing

text: up

text: to

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: wet

text: soil

text: of

text: marshes

text: and

text: salt

text: marshes

text: and

text: have

text: pinnate

text: to

text: bipinnate

text: leaves

text: and

text: small

text: white

text: flowers

text: in

text: compound

text: umbels

text: Some

text: species

text: are

text: edible

text: notably

text: Apium

text: graveolens

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: commercially

text: important

text: vegetables

text: celery

text: celeriac

text: and

text: Chinese

text: celery

text: Apium

text: bermejoi

text: from

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Minorca

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: rarest

text: plants

text: in

text: Europe

text: with

text: fewer

text: than

text: individuals

text: left

text: Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin, ("Carum carvi") is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.

text: Caraway

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: meridian

text: fennel

text: and

text: Persian

text: cumin

text: Carum

text: carvi

text: is

text: biennial

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: western

text: Asia

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: Africa

text: Fennel ("Foeniculum vulgare") is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea-coast and on riverbanks.

text: Fennel

text: Foeniculum

text: vulgare

text: is

text: flowering

text: plant

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: carrot

text: family

text: It

text: is

text: hardy

text: perennial

text: herb

text: with

text: yellow

text: flowers

text: and

text: feathery

text: leaves

text: It

text: is

text: indigenous

text: to

text: the

text: shores

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: but

text: has

text: become

text: widely

text: naturalized

text: in

text: many

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: especially

text: on

text: dry

text: soils

text: near

text: the

text: sea

text: coast

text: and

text: on

text: riverbanks

text: Apiaceae or Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family. The family, which is named after the type genus "Apium", is large, with more than 3,700 species spread across 434 genera; it is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants. Included in this family are the well-known plants: angelica, anise, arracacha, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, "Centella asiatica", chervil, cicely, coriander (cilantro), culantro, cumin, dill, fennel, hemlock, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip, cow parsnip, sea holly, giant hogweed and silphium (a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct).

text: Apiaceae

text: or

text: Umbelliferae

text: is

text: family

text: of

text: mostly

text: aromatic

text: flowering

text: plants

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: celery

text: carrot

text: or

text: parsley

text: family

text: The

text: family

text: which

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: type

text: genus

text: Apium

text: is

text: large

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: species

text: spread

text: across

text: genera

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: family

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: Included

text: in

text: this

text: family

text: are

text: the

text: well

text: known

text: plants

text: angelica

text: anise

text: arracacha

text: asafoetida

text: caraway

text: carrot

text: celery

text: Centella

text: asiatica

text: chervil

text: cicely

text: coriander

text: cilantro

text: culantro

text: cumin

text: dill

text: fennel

text: hemlock

text: lovage

text: cow

text: parsley

text: parsley

text: parsnip

text: cow

text: parsnip

text: sea

text: holly

text: giant

text: hogweed

text: and

text: silphium

text: plant

text: whose

text: identity

text: is

text: unclear

text: and

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: extinct

text: Ethiopia ('), officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia"' (   , "yetiyoya Fdralaw Dmokirasyaw Rpebilk" ), is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north and northeast, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With nearly 100 million inhabitants, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world, as well as the second-most populous nation on the African continent after Nigeria. It occupies a total area of , and its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa.

text: Ethiopia

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Federal

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ethiopia

text: yetiyoya

text: Fdralaw

text: Dmokirasyaw

text: Rpebilk

text: is

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: It

text: shares

text: borders

text: with

text: Eritrea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: Djibouti

text: and

text: Somalia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Sudan

text: and

text: South

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Kenya

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: With

text: nearly

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Ethiopia

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: nation

text: on

text: the

text: African

text: continent

text: after

text: Nigeria

text: It

text: occupies

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Addis

text: Ababa

text: Anise ('), also called aniseed"', is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia. Its flavor has similarities with some other spices, such as star anise, fennel, and licorice.

text: Anise

text: also

text: called

text: aniseed

text: is

text: flowering

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: eastern

text: Mediterranean

text: region

text: and

text: Southwest

text: Asia

text: Its

text: flavor

text: has

text: similarities

text: with

text: some

text: other

text: spices

text: such

text: as

text: star

text: anise

text: fennel

text: and

text: licorice

text: Asafoetida is the dried latex (gum oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of "Ferula", a perennial herb that grows tall. The species is native to the deserts of Iran and mountains of Afghanistan and is mainly cultivated in nearby India. As its name suggests, asafoetida has a fetid smell, but in cooked dishes, it delivers a smooth flavour reminiscent of leeks.

text: Asafoetida

text: is

text: the

text: dried

text: latex

text: gum

text: oleoresin

text: exuded

text: from

text: the

text: rhizome

text: or

text: tap

text: root

text: of

text: several

text: species

text: of

text: Ferula

text: perennial

text: herb

text: that

text: grows

text: tall

text: The

text: species

text: is

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: deserts

text: of

text: Iran

text: and

text: mountains

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: is

text: mainly

text: cultivated

text: in

text: nearby

text: India

text: As

text: its

text: name

text: suggests

text: asafoetida

text: has

text: fetid

text: smell

text: but

text: in

text: cooked

text: dishes

text: it

text: delivers

text: smooth

text: flavour

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: leeks

text: Parsley or garden parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is a species of "Petroselinum" in the family Apiaceae, native to the central Mediterranean region (southern Italy, Greece, Algeria, and Tunisia), naturalized elsewhere in Europe, and widely cultivated as a herb, a spice, and a vegetable.

text: Parsley

text: or

text: garden

text: parsley

text: Petroselinum

text: crispum

text: is

text: species

text: of

text: Petroselinum

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: central

text: Mediterranean

text: region

text: southern

text: Italy

text: Greece

text: Algeria

text: and

text: Tunisia

text: naturalized

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: widely

text: cultivated

text: as

text: herb

text: spice

text: and

text: vegetable

text: The carrot ("Daucus carota" subsp. "sativus") is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow varieties exist. Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, "Daucus carota", native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the greens are sometimes eaten as well. The domestic carrot has been selectively bred for its greatly enlarged, more palatable, less woody-textured taproot.

text: The

text: carrot

text: Daucus

text: carota

text: subsp

text: sativus

text: is

text: root

text: vegetable

text: usually

text: orange

text: in

text: colour

text: though

text: purple

text: black

text: red

text: white

text: and

text: yellow

text: varieties

text: exist

text: Carrots

text: are

text: domesticated

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: wild

text: carrot

text: Daucus

text: carota

text: native

text: to

text: Europe

text: and

text: southwestern

text: Asia

text: The

text: plant

text: probably

text: originated

text: in

text: Persia

text: and

text: originally

text: cultivated

text: for

text: its

text: leaves

text: and

text: seeds

text: The

text: most

text: commonly

text: eaten

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: is

text: the

text: taproot

text: although

text: the

text: greens

text: are

text: sometimes

text: eaten

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: domestic

text: carrot

text: has

text: been

text: selectively

text: bred

text: for

text: its

text: greatly

text: enlarged

text: more

text: palatable

text: less

text: woody

text: textured

text: taproot

text: Lovage, Levisticum officinale, is a tall perennial plant, the sole species in the genus Levisticum in the family Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae, tribe Apieae.

text: Lovage

text: Levisticum

text: officinale

text: is

text: tall

text: perennial

text: plant

text: the

text: sole

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: genus

text: Levisticum

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: subfamily

text: Apioideae

text: tribe

text: Apieae

text: The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approx. 13,164 known genera and a total of c. 295,383 known species. Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants; they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Etymologically, angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting plant. The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek composite word ("angeion", "case" or "casing", and "sperma", "seed") meaning "enclosed seeds", after the enclosed condition of the seeds.

text: The

text: flowering

text: plants

text: angiosperms

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Angiospermae

text: or

text: Magnoliophyta

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: diverse

text: group

text: of

text: land

text: plants

text: with

text: families

text: approx

text: known

text: genera

text: and

text: total

text: of

text: known

text: species

text: Like

text: gymnosperms

text: angiosperms

text: are

text: seed

text: producing

text: plants

text: they

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: gymnosperms

text: by

text: characteristics

text: including

text: flowers

text: endosperm

text: within

text: the

text: seeds

text: and

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: fruits

text: that

text: contain

text: the

text: seeds

text: Etymologically

text: angiosperm

text: means

text: plant

text: that

text: produces

text: seeds

text: within

text: an

text: enclosure

text: in

text: other

text: words

text: fruiting

text: plant

text: The

text: term

text: angiosperm

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: composite

text: word

text: angeion

text: case

text: or

text: casing

text: and

text: sperma

text: seed

text: meaning

text: enclosed

text: seeds

text: after

text: the

text: enclosed

text: condition

text: of

text: the

text: seeds

text: Silphium (also known as silphion, laserwort, or laser) was a plant that was used in classical antiquity as a seasoning and as a medicine. It was the essential item of trade from the ancient North African city of Cyrene, and was so critical to the Cyrenian economy that most of their coins bore a picture of the plant. The valuable product was the plant's resin ("laser", laserpicium, or lasarpicium).

text: Silphium

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: silphion

text: laserwort

text: or

text: laser

text: was

text: plant

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: as

text: seasoning

text: and

text: as

text: medicine

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: essential

text: item

text: of

text: trade

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: North

text: African

text: city

text: of

text: Cyrene

text: and

text: was

text: so

text: critical

text: to

text: the

text: Cyrenian

text: economy

text: that

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: coins

text: bore

text: picture

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: The

text: valuable

text: product

text: was

text: the

text: plant

text: 's

text: resin

text: laser

text: laserpicium

text: or

text: lasarpicium

text: Centella asiatica, commonly known as centella, is a small, herbaceous, frost-tender perennial plant of the family Mackinlayaceae or subfamily Mackinlayoideae of family Apiaceae, and is native to wetlands in Asia. It is used as a medicinal herb in Ayurvedic medicine, traditional African medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine. It is also known as the Asiatic pennywort or Indian pennywort in English, among various other names in other languages.

text: Centella

text: asiatica

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: centella

text: is

text: small

text: herbaceous

text: frost

text: tender

text: perennial

text: plant

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: Mackinlayaceae

text: or

text: subfamily

text: Mackinlayoideae

text: of

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: and

text: is

text: native

text: to

text: wetlands

text: in

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: medicinal

text: herb

text: in

text: Ayurvedic

text: medicine

text: traditional

text: African

text: medicine

text: and

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: medicine

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Asiatic

text: pennywort

text: or

text: Indian

text: pennywort

text: in

text: English

text: among

text: various

text: other

text: names

text: in

text: other

text: languages

text: Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), sometimes called garden chervil to distinguish it from similar plants also called chervil, or French parsley, is a delicate annual herb related to parsley. It is commonly used to season mild-flavoured dishes and is a constituent of the French herb mixture fines herbes.

text: Chervil

text: Anthriscus

text: cerefolium

text: sometimes

text: called

text: garden

text: chervil

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: similar

text: plants

text: also

text: called

text: chervil

text: or

text: French

text: parsley

text: is

text: delicate

text: annual

text: herb

text: related

text: to

text: parsley

text: It

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: season

text: mild

text: flavoured

text: dishes

text: and

text: is

text: constituent

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: herb

text: mixture

text: fines

text: herbes

annotations: follows single

question: parent_taxon heracleum

answer: apioideae

text: apioideae


text: Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour, and sprawls towards the Blue Mountains to the west. Residents of Sydney are known as "Sydneysiders". Sydney is the second official seat and second official residence of the Governor-General of Australia and the Prime Minister of Australia and many federal ministries maintain substantial presences in Sydney.

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: Oceania

text: Located

text: on

text: Australia

text: 's

text: east

text: coast

text: the

text: metropolis

text: surrounds

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: natural

text: harbour

text: and

text: sprawls

text: towards

text: the

text: Blue

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Residents

text: of

text: Sydney

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: Sydneysiders

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: official

text: seat

text: and

text: second

text: official

text: residence

text: of

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: many

text: federal

text: ministries

text: maintain

text: substantial

text: presences

text: in

text: Sydney

text: Botany Bay, an open oceanic embayment, is located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, south of the Sydney central business district. Botany Bay has its source in the confluence of the Georges River at Taren Point and the Cooks River at Kyeemagh and flows to the east before meeting its mouth, the Tasman Sea, midpoint between La Perouse and Kurnell.

text: Botany

text: Bay

text: an

text: open

text: oceanic

text: embayment

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Sydney

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Sydney

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: Botany

text: Bay

text: has

text: its

text: source

text: in

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Georges

text: River

text: at

text: Taren

text: Point

text: and

text: the

text: Cooks

text: River

text: at

text: Kyeemagh

text: and

text: flows

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: before

text: meeting

text: its

text: mouth

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: midpoint

text: between

text: La

text: Perouse

text: and

text: Kurnell

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: Parramatta Road is the major historical east-west artery of metropolitan Sydney, Australia, connecting the Sydney CBD with Parramatta. It is the easternmost part of the Great Western Highway. Much of its traffic has been diverted to modern expressways such as the M4 and the City West Link Road.

text: Parramatta

text: Road

text: is

text: the

text: major

text: historical

text: east

text: west

text: artery

text: of

text: metropolitan

text: Sydney

text: Australia

text: connecting

text: the

text: Sydney

text: CBD

text: with

text: Parramatta

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: easternmost

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Western

text: Highway

text: Much

text: of

text: its

text: traffic

text: has

text: been

text: diverted

text: to

text: modern

text: expressways

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: City

text: West

text: Link

text: Road

text: The Sydney central business district (also Sydney CBD, and often referred to as "town" or "the City") is the main commercial centre of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It extends southwards for about from Sydney Cove, the point of first European settlement in which the Sydney region was initially established. Due to its pivotal role in Australia's early history, it is one of the oldest established areas in the country.

text: The

text: Sydney

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: also

text: Sydney

text: CBD

text: and

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: town

text: or

text: the

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: commercial

text: centre

text: of

text: Sydney

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: It

text: extends

text: southwards

text: for

text: about

text: from

text: Sydney

text: Cove

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: first

text: European

text: settlement

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Sydney

text: region

text: was

text: initially

text: established

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: pivotal

text: role

text: in

text: Australia

text: 's

text: early

text: history

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: established

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Melbourne is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in Australia. The name "Melbourne" refers to an urban agglomeration spanning which comprises the broader metropolitan area, as well as being the common name for its city centre. The metropolis is located on the large natural bay of Port Phillip and expands into the hinterlands towards the Dandenong and Macedon mountain ranges, Mornington Peninsula and Yarra Valley. Melbourne consists of 31 municipalities. It has a population of 4,529,500 , and its inhabitants are called Melburnians.

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: state

text: of

text: Victoria

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: The

text: name

text: Melbourne

text: refers

text: to

text: an

text: urban

text: agglomeration

text: spanning

text: which

text: comprises

text: the

text: broader

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: common

text: name

text: for

text: its

text: city

text: centre

text: The

text: metropolis

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: large

text: natural

text: bay

text: of

text: Port

text: Phillip

text: and

text: expands

text: into

text: the

text: hinterlands

text: towards

text: the

text: Dandenong

text: and

text: Macedon

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: Mornington

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: Yarra

text: Valley

text: Melbourne

text: consists

text: of

text: municipalities

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: are

text: called

text: Melburnians

text: The Great Western Highway is a state highway in New South Wales, Australia. From east to west, the highway links Sydney with Bathurst, on the state's Central Tablelands.

text: The

text: Great

text: Western

text: Highway

text: is

text: state

text: highway

text: in

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: From

text: east

text: to

text: west

text: the

text: highway

text: links

text: Sydney

text: with

text: Bathurst

text: on

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: Central

text: Tablelands

text: New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW) is a state on the east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. It has a coast line with the Tasman Sea on its east side. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. , the estimated population of New South Wales was 7.5 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two-thirds of the state's population, 4.67 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as "New South Welshmen".

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NSW

text: is

text: state

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: It

text: borders

text: Queensland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Victoria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: South

text: Australia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: has

text: coast

text: line

text: with

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: on

text: its

text: east

text: side

text: The

text: Australian

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: is

text: an

text: enclave

text: within

text: the

text: state

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sydney

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: the

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: was

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: Just

text: under

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: population

text: million

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Sydney

text: area

text: Inhabitants

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: New

text: South

text: Welshmen

text: The Cooks River, a semi-mature tide dominated drowned valley estuary, is a tributary of Botany Bay, located in south-eastern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

text: The

text: Cooks

text: River

text: semi

text: mature

text: tide

text: dominated

text: drowned

text: valley

text: estuary

text: is

text: tributary

text: of

text: Botany

text: Bay

text: located

text: in

text: south

text: eastern

text: Sydney

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: Rookwood Cemetery (officially named Rookwood Necropolis) is the largest necropolis in the Southern Hemisphere, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Rookwood is a suburb, close to Lidcombe railway station about 17 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district.

text: Rookwood

text: Cemetery

text: officially

text: named

text: Rookwood

text: Necropolis

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: necropolis

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: located

text: in

text: Sydney

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: Rookwood

text: is

text: suburb

text: close

text: to

text: Lidcombe

text: railway

text: station

text: about

text: kilometres

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Sydney

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: Cumberland County is a county in the State of New South Wales, Australia. Most of the Sydney metropolitan area is located within the County of Cumberland.

text: Cumberland

text: County

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: Sydney

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: County

text: of

text: Cumberland

text: The Hume Highway, inclusive of the sections now known as the Hume Freeway and Hume Motorway, is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways, running for between Melbourne in the southwest and Sydney in the northeast. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013.

text: The

text: Hume

text: Highway

text: inclusive

text: of

text: the

text: sections

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Hume

text: Freeway

text: and

text: Hume

text: Motorway

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: major

text: inter

text: city

text: national

text: highways

text: running

text: for

text: between

text: Melbourne

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: Sydney

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: Upgrading

text: of

text: the

text: route

text: from

text: Sydney

text: 's

text: outskirts

text: to

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: outskirts

text: to

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: was

text: completed

text: on

text: August

text: Liberty Plains Parish is one of the 57 parishes of Cumberland County , New South Wales , a cadastral unit for use on land titles . It is bounded by Parramatta Road in the north ; the area between Flemington and Homebush , a small part of Cooks River and Liverpool Road ( Hume Highway ) in the east ; the Hume Highway also in the south ; and Woodville Road in the west . It includes the suburbs of Auburn , Regents Park , Potts Hill , Chester Hill , Bass Hill and Lidcombe . It also includes the Rookwood Cemetery . Before the parish was proclaimed in 1835 , the Liberty Plains district was in the same area . The name had been given when the first settlers had desired a settlement midway between Parramatta and Sydney city . The name is still used on a motor inn in the area . In the 1851 census there were 49 houses and 270 people in the Liberty Plains parish .

text: Liberty

text: Plains

text: Parish

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: parishes

text: of

text: Cumberland

text: County

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: cadastral

text: unit

text: for

text: use

text: on

text: land

text: titles

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Parramatta

text: Road

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: area

text: between

text: Flemington

text: and

text: Homebush

text: small

text: part

text: of

text: Cooks

text: River

text: and

text: Liverpool

text: Road

text: Hume

text: Highway

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Hume

text: Highway

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Woodville

text: Road

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: suburbs

text: of

text: Auburn

text: Regents

text: Park

text: Potts

text: Hill

text: Chester

text: Hill

text: Bass

text: Hill

text: and

text: Lidcombe

text: It

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: Rookwood

text: Cemetery

text: Before

text: the

text: parish

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: in

text: the

text: Liberty

text: Plains

text: district

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: area

text: The

text: name

text: had

text: been

text: given

text: when

text: the

text: first

text: settlers

text: had

text: desired

text: settlement

text: midway

text: between

text: Parramatta

text: and

text: Sydney

text: city

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: still

text: used

text: on

text: motor

text: inn

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: In

text: the

text: census

text: there

text: were

text: houses

text: and

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: Liberty

text: Plains

text: parish

text: A suburb is a residential area or a mixed use area, either existing as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city. In most English-speaking regions, suburban areas are defined in contrast to central or inner city areas, but in Australian English and South African English, "suburb" has become largely synonymous with what is called a "neighborhood" in other countries and the term extends to inner city areas. In some areas, such as Australia, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and a few U.S. states, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities. In others, such as Arabia, Canada, France, and much of the United States, many suburbs remain separate municipalities or are governed as part of a larger local government area such as a county.

text: suburb

text: is

text: residential

text: area

text: or

text: mixed

text: use

text: area

text: either

text: existing

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: city

text: or

text: urban

text: area

text: or

text: as

text: separate

text: residential

text: community

text: within

text: commuting

text: distance

text: of

text: city

text: In

text: most

text: English

text: speaking

text: regions

text: suburban

text: areas

text: are

text: defined

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: central

text: or

text: inner

text: city

text: areas

text: but

text: in

text: Australian

text: English

text: and

text: South

text: African

text: English

text: suburb

text: has

text: become

text: largely

text: synonymous

text: with

text: what

text: is

text: called

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: other

text: countries

text: and

text: the

text: term

text: extends

text: to

text: inner

text: city

text: areas

text: In

text: some

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: Australia

text: China

text: New

text: Zealand

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: few

text: U.S.

text: states

text: new

text: suburbs

text: are

text: routinely

text: annexed

text: by

text: adjacent

text: cities

text: In

text: others

text: such

text: as

text: Arabia

text: Canada

text: France

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: many

text: suburbs

text: remain

text: separate

text: municipalities

text: or

text: are

text: governed

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: larger

text: local

text: government

text: area

text: such

text: as

text: county

question: country liberty plains parish

answer: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia

text: australia