text: Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. Population:

text: Smolensk

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: center

text: of

text: Smolensk

text: Oblast

text: Russia

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Dnieper

text: River

text: west

text: southwest

text: of

text: Moscow

text: Population

text: Aleksei Semyonovich Shein (    in Russian ) ( 1662 -- February 12 , 1700 ) , Russian commander and statesman , the first Russian Generalissimus ( 1696 ) , boyar , great - grandson of Mikhail Shein . As a boy , Shein attended the execution of Stepan Razin . Later in his life , he would participate in the coronation ceremony of Peter I and Ivan V under Cardinal Brandr Beekman - Ellner . Sophia Alekseyevna was very fond of Shein and granted him the title of a boyar . Shein was a military commander in Tobolsk and Kursk in 1680 -- 1684 . Later , he was one of the military leaders during the Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 and the Azov campaigns of 1695 -- 1696 . During the Second Azov campaign in 1696 , Shein was the Commander - in - Chief of the Russian land forces and was granted the title of Generalissimus by Peter I for his military achievements . Upon his departure on the Grand Embassy mission (   , or Velikoye posolstvo ) , Peter I appointed Shein Commander - in - Chief of the Russian army and director of the Gunnery , Reiter and Foreign Affairs Departments . In 1697 , Shein defeated the Crimean and Nogai Tatars . In 1698 , Shein was the one to suppress the Streltsy Uprising . Upon Peter 's return , however , Shein fell into his disgrace for not having disclosed Streltsys '' ties with Sophia and , therefore , lost his boyar beard . This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Chisholm , Hugh , ed. ( 1911 ) . Encyclopædia Britannica ( 11th ed. ) . Cambridge University Press .

text: Aleksei

text: Semyonovich

text: Shein

text: in

text: Russian

text: February

text: Russian

text: commander

text: and

text: statesman

text: the

text: first

text: Russian

text: Generalissimus

text: boyar

text: great

text: grandson

text: of

text: Mikhail

text: Shein

text: As

text: boy

text: Shein

text: attended

text: the

text: execution

text: of

text: Stepan

text: Razin

text: Later

text: in

text: his

text: life

text: he

text: would

text: participate

text: in

text: the

text: coronation

text: ceremony

text: of

text: Peter

text: and

text: Ivan

text: under

text: Cardinal

text: Brandr

text: Beekman

text: Ellner

text: Sophia

text: Alekseyevna

text: was

text: very

text: fond

text: of

text: Shein

text: and

text: granted

text: him

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: boyar

text: Shein

text: was

text: military

text: commander

text: in

text: Tobolsk

text: and

text: Kursk

text: in

text: Later

text: he

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: leaders

text: during

text: the

text: Crimean

text: campaigns

text: of

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: Azov

text: campaigns

text: of

text: During

text: the

text: Second

text: Azov

text: campaign

text: in

text: Shein

text: was

text: the

text: Commander

text: in

text: Chief

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: land

text: forces

text: and

text: was

text: granted

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Generalissimus

text: by

text: Peter

text: for

text: his

text: military

text: achievements

text: Upon

text: his

text: departure

text: on

text: the

text: Grand

text: Embassy

text: mission

text: or

text: Velikoye

text: posolstvo

text: Peter

text: appointed

text: Shein

text: Commander

text: in

text: Chief

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: army

text: and

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Gunnery

text: Reiter

text: and

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: Departments

text: In

text: Shein

text: defeated

text: the

text: Crimean

text: and

text: Nogai

text: Tatars

text: In

text: Shein

text: was

text: the

text: one

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: Streltsy

text: Uprising

text: Upon

text: Peter

text: 's

text: return

text: however

text: Shein

text: fell

text: into

text: his

text: disgrace

text: for

text: not

text: having

text: disclosed

text: Streltsys

text: ties

text: with

text: Sophia

text: and

text: therefore

text: lost

text: his

text: boyar

text: beard

text: This

text: article

text: incorporates

text: text

text: from

text: publication

text: now

text: in

text: the

text: public

text: domain

text: Chisholm

text: Hugh

text: ed

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: ed

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: Press

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: Bulgaria (tr. '), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (tr. '), is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of , Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.

text: Bulgaria

text: tr

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Bulgaria

text: tr

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Serbia

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: With

text: territory

text: of

text: Bulgaria

text: is

text: Europe

text: 's

text: largest

text: country

text: Wallachia or Walachia (; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia is traditionally divided into two sections, Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia). Wallachia as a whole is sometimes referred to as Muntenia through identification with the larger of the two traditional sections.

text: Wallachia

text: or

text: Walachia

text: archaic

text: Romanian

text: Cyrillic

text: alphabet

text: is

text: historical

text: and

text: geographical

text: region

text: of

text: Romania

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Lower

text: Danube

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Carpathians

text: Wallachia

text: is

text: traditionally

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: sections

text: Muntenia

text: Greater

text: Wallachia

text: and

text: Oltenia

text: Lesser

text: Wallachia

text: Wallachia

text: as

text: whole

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Muntenia

text: through

text: identification

text: with

text: the

text: larger

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: traditional

text: sections

text: Mikhail Borisovich Shein ("  ") (?1634) was a leading Russian general during the reign of Tsar Mikhail Romanov. Despite his tactical skills and successful military career, he ended up losing his army in a failed attempt to besiege Smolensk and being executed for this defeat. The first Russian generalissimo, Aleksey Shein, was his great grandson.

text: Mikhail

text: Borisovich

text: Shein

text: was

text: leading

text: Russian

text: general

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Tsar

text: Mikhail

text: Romanov

text: Despite

text: his

text: tactical

text: skills

text: and

text: successful

text: military

text: career

text: he

text: ended

text: up

text: losing

text: his

text: army

text: in

text: failed

text: attempt

text: to

text: besiege

text: Smolensk

text: and

text: being

text: executed

text: for

text: this

text: defeat

text: The

text: first

text: Russian

text: generalissimo

text: Aleksey

text: Shein

text: was

text: his

text: great

text: grandson

text: Generalissimo (, , ) is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the countries where they are used. The word "generalissimo" is Italian and is the absolute superlative of "generale" ('general'), thus meaning "the highest-ranking of all generals".

text: Generalissimo

text: is

text: military

text: rank

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: degree

text: superior

text: to

text: field

text: marshal

text: and

text: other

text: five

text: star

text: ranks

text: in

text: the

text: countries

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: used

text: The

text: word

text: generalissimo

text: is

text: Italian

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: absolute

text: superlative

text: of

text: generale

text: general

text: thus

text: meaning

text: the

text: highest

text: ranking

text: of

text: all

text: generals

text: Commander (French: "Commandeur") is a common naval and air force officer rank. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organisations, including several police forces.

text: Commander

text: French

text: Commandeur

text: is

text: common

text: naval

text: and

text: air

text: force

text: officer

text: rank

text: Commander

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: as

text: rank

text: or

text: title

text: in

text: other

text: formal

text: organisations

text: including

text: several

text: police

text: forces

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Romania is a sovereign state located in Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, and Moldova. It has an area of and a temperate-continental climate. With 19.94 million inhabitants, the country is the seventh-most-populous member state of the European Union. The capital and largest city, Bucharest, with its 1,883,425 inhabitants is the sixth-largest city in the EU.

text: Romania

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: located

text: in

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: Bulgaria

text: Ukraine

text: Hungary

text: Serbia

text: and

text: Moldova

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: Bucharest

text: with

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: A boyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Kievan, Moscovian, Wallachian and Romanian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes (in Bulgaria, tsars), from the 10th century to the 17th century. The rank has lived on as a surname in Russia, Ukraine and Romania, and also in Finland, where it is spelled "Pajari".

text: boyar

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: rank

text: of

text: the

text: feudal

text: Bulgarian

text: Kievan

text: Moscovian

text: Wallachian

text: and

text: Romanian

text: aristocracies

text: second

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: ruling

text: princes

text: in

text: Bulgaria

text: tsars

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: rank

text: has

text: lived

text: on

text: as

text: surname

text: in

text: Russia

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Romania

text: and

text: also

text: in

text: Finland

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: spelled

text: Pajari

annotations: likely single

question: place_of_birth aleksei shein

answer: moscow

text: moscow

text: moscow


text: Progressive rock (shortened as "prog"; sometimes "art rock", "classical rock" or "symphonic rock") is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s. Initially termed "progressive pop", the style was an outgrowth of psychedelic bands who abandoned standard pop traditions in favour of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz, folk or classical music. Additional elements contributed to its "progressive" label: lyrics were more poetic, technology was harnessed for new sounds, music approached the condition of "art", and the studio, rather than the stage, became the focus of musical activity, which often involved creating music for listening, not dancing.

text: Progressive

text: rock

text: shortened

text: as

text: prog

text: sometimes

text: art

text: rock

text: classical

text: rock

text: or

text: symphonic

text: rock

text: is

text: broad

text: subgenre

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: United

text: States

text: throughout

text: the

text: mid

text: to

text: late

text: Initially

text: termed

text: progressive

text: pop

text: the

text: style

text: was

text: an

text: outgrowth

text: of

text: psychedelic

text: bands

text: who

text: abandoned

text: standard

text: pop

text: traditions

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: instrumentation

text: and

text: compositional

text: techniques

text: more

text: frequently

text: associated

text: with

text: jazz

text: folk

text: or

text: classical

text: music

text: Additional

text: elements

text: contributed

text: to

text: its

text: progressive

text: label

text: lyrics

text: were

text: more

text: poetic

text: technology

text: was

text: harnessed

text: for

text: new

text: sounds

text: music

text: approached

text: the

text: condition

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: the

text: studio

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: stage

text: became

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: musical

text: activity

text: which

text: often

text: involved

text: creating

text: music

text: for

text: listening

text: not

text: dancing

text: Richard Starkey, (born 7 July 1940), known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles. He occasionally sang lead vocals, usually for one song on an album, including "With a Little Help from My Friends", "Yellow Submarine" and their cover of "Act Naturally". He also wrote the Beatles' songs "Don't Pass Me By" and "Octopus's Garden", and is credited as a co-writer of others, including "What Goes On" and "Flying".

text: Richard

text: Starkey

text: born

text: July

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Ringo

text: Starr

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: actor

text: who

text: gained

text: worldwide

text: fame

text: as

text: the

text: drummer

text: for

text: the

text: Beatles

text: He

text: occasionally

text: sang

text: lead

text: vocals

text: usually

text: for

text: one

text: song

text: on

text: an

text: album

text: including

text: With

text: Little

text: Help

text: from

text: My

text: Friends

text: Yellow

text: Submarine

text: and

text: their

text: cover

text: of

text: Act

text: Naturally

text: He

text: also

text: wrote

text: the

text: Beatles

text: songs

text: Do

text: n't

text: Pass

text: Me

text: By

text: and

text: Octopus

text: 's

text: Garden

text: and

text: is

text: credited

text: as

text: co

text: writer

text: of

text: others

text: including

text: What

text: Goes

text: On

text: and

text: Flying

text: A studio is an artist's or worker's workroom, or the catchall term for an artist and their employees who work within that studio. This can be for the purpose of acting, architecture, painting, pottery (ceramics), sculpture, origami, woodworking, scrapbooking, photography, graphic design, filmmaking, animation, industrial design, radio or television production broadcasting or the making of music. The term is also used for the workroom of dancers, often specified to dance studio.

text: studio

text: is

text: an

text: artist

text: 's

text: or

text: worker

text: 's

text: workroom

text: or

text: the

text: catchall

text: term

text: for

text: an

text: artist

text: and

text: their

text: employees

text: who

text: work

text: within

text: that

text: studio

text: This

text: can

text: be

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: acting

text: architecture

text: painting

text: pottery

text: ceramics

text: sculpture

text: origami

text: woodworking

text: scrapbooking

text: photography

text: graphic

text: design

text: filmmaking

text: animation

text: industrial

text: design

text: radio

text: or

text: television

text: production

text: broadcasting

text: or

text: the

text: making

text: of

text: music

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: workroom

text: of

text: dancers

text: often

text: specified

text: to

text: dance

text: studio

text: Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.

text: Sculpture

text: is

text: the

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: visual

text: arts

text: that

text: operates

text: in

text: three

text: dimensions

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: plastic

text: arts

text: Durable

text: sculptural

text: processes

text: originally

text: used

text: carving

text: the

text: removal

text: of

text: material

text: and

text: modelling

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: material

text: as

text: clay

text: in

text: stone

text: metal

text: ceramics

text: wood

text: and

text: other

text: materials

text: but

text: since

text: Modernism

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: almost

text: complete

text: freedom

text: of

text: materials

text: and

text: process

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: materials

text: may

text: be

text: worked

text: by

text: removal

text: such

text: as

text: carving

text: assembled

text: by

text: welding

text: or

text: modelling

text: or

text: molded

text: or

text: cast

text: Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl.

text: Albums

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: were

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: first

text: as

text: books

text: of

text: individual

text: records

text: then

text: from

text: as

text: vinyl

text: LP

text: records

text: played

text: at

text: rpm

text: Vinyl

text: LPs

text: are

text: still

text: issued

text: though

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: album

text: sales

text: have

text: mostly

text: focused

text: on

text: compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: and

text: formats

text: The

text: audio

text: cassette

text: was

text: format

text: used

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: alongside

text: vinyl

text: Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or video content or other messages to a dispersed audience via any electronic mass communications medium, but typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), in a one-to-many model. Broadcasting began with AM radio, which came into popular use around 1920 with the spread of vacuum tube radio transmitters and receivers. Before this, all forms of electronic communication (early radio, telephone, and telegraph) were one-to-one, with the message intended for a single recipient. The term "broadcasting", borrowed from the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about, was coined by either KDKA manager Frank Conrad or RCA historian George Clark around 1920 to distinguish this new activity of "one-to-many" communication; a single radio station transmitting to multiple listeners.

text: Broadcasting

text: is

text: the

text: distribution

text: of

text: audio

text: and/or

text: video

text: content

text: or

text: other

text: messages

text: to

text: dispersed

text: audience

text: via

text: any

text: electronic

text: mass

text: communications

text: medium

text: but

text: typically

text: one

text: using

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: spectrum

text: radio

text: waves

text: in

text: one

text: to

text: many

text: model

text: Broadcasting

text: began

text: with

text: AM

text: radio

text: which

text: came

text: into

text: popular

text: use

text: around

text: with

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: vacuum

text: tube

text: radio

text: transmitters

text: and

text: receivers

text: Before

text: this

text: all

text: forms

text: of

text: electronic

text: communication

text: early

text: radio

text: telephone

text: and

text: telegraph

text: were

text: one

text: to

text: one

text: with

text: the

text: message

text: intended

text: for

text: single

text: recipient

text: The

text: term

text: broadcasting

text: borrowed

text: from

text: the

text: agricultural

text: method

text: of

text: sowing

text: seeds

text: in

text: field

text: by

text: casting

text: them

text: broadly

text: about

text: was

text: coined

text: by

text: either

text: KDKA

text: manager

text: Frank

text: Conrad

text: or

text: RCA

text: historian

text: George

text: Clark

text: around

text: to

text: distinguish

text: this

text: new

text: activity

text: of

text: one

text: to

text: many

text: communication

text: single

text: radio

text: station

text: transmitting

text: to

text: multiple

text: listeners

text: The James Gang was an American rock band formed in Cleveland, Ohio in 1966. The band enjoyed moderate success with the singles "Funk #49" and "Walk Away," and are perhaps best remembered as the first popular band to feature the guitarist/vocalist Joe Walsh, who later became a member of the Eagles.

text: The

text: James

text: Gang

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: Cleveland

text: Ohio

text: in

text: The

text: band

text: enjoyed

text: moderate

text: success

text: with

text: the

text: singles

text: Funk

text: and

text: Walk

text: Away

text: and

text: are

text: perhaps

text: best

text: remembered

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: popular

text: band

text: to

text: feature

text: the

text: guitarist

text: vocalist

text: Joe

text: Walsh

text: who

text: later

text: became

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Eagles

text: Pottery is the craft of making ceramic material into pots or potterywares using mud. Major types of potterywares include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made by a "potter" is called a "pottery" (plural "potteries"). The technical definition of "pottery" used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."

text: Pottery

text: is

text: the

text: craft

text: of

text: making

text: ceramic

text: material

text: into

text: pots

text: or

text: potterywares

text: using

text: mud

text: Major

text: types

text: of

text: potterywares

text: include

text: earthenware

text: stoneware

text: and

text: porcelain

text: The

text: place

text: where

text: such

text: wares

text: are

text: made

text: by

text: potter

text: is

text: called

text: pottery

text: plural

text: potteries

text: The

text: technical

text: definition

text: of

text: pottery

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: Society

text: for

text: Testing

text: and

text: Materials

text: ASTM

text: is

text: all

text: fired

text: ceramic

text: wares

text: that

text: contain

text: clay

text: when

text: formed

text: except

text: technical

text: structural

text: and

text: refractory

text: products

text: Probe Records was a sub-label of ABC Records. It was started in 1968 as their label for psychedelic rock and progressive rock. Prior to 1974, the label was also used for international distribution of material made by ABC.

text: Probe

text: Records

text: was

text: sub

text: label

text: of

text: ABC

text: Records

text: It

text: was

text: started

text: in

text: as

text: their

text: label

text: for

text: psychedelic

text: rock

text: and

text: progressive

text: rock

text: Prior

text: to

text: the

text: label

text: was

text: also

text: used

text: for

text: international

text: distribution

text: of

text: material

text: made

text: by

text: ABC

text: Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence, which exist in time. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek  ("mousike"; "art of the Muses"). In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."

text: Music

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: and

text: cultural

text: activity

text: whose

text: medium

text: is

text: sound

text: and

text: silence

text: which

text: exist

text: in

text: time

text: The

text: common

text: elements

text: of

text: music

text: are

text: pitch

text: which

text: governs

text: melody

text: and

text: harmony

text: rhythm

text: and

text: its

text: associated

text: concepts

text: tempo

text: meter

text: and

text: articulation

text: dynamics

text: loudness

text: and

text: softness

text: and

text: the

text: sonic

text: qualities

text: of

text: timbre

text: and

text: texture

text: which

text: are

text: sometimes

text: termed

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: musical

text: sound

text: Different

text: styles

text: or

text: types

text: of

text: music

text: may

text: emphasize

text: de

text: emphasize

text: or

text: omit

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: elements

text: Music

text: is

text: performed

text: with

text: vast

text: range

text: of

text: instruments

text: and

text: vocal

text: techniques

text: ranging

text: from

text: singing

text: to

text: rapping

text: there

text: are

text: solely

text: instrumental

text: pieces

text: solely

text: vocal

text: pieces

text: such

text: as

text: songs

text: without

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: and

text: pieces

text: that

text: combine

text: singing

text: and

text: instruments

text: The

text: word

text: derives

text: from

text: Greek

text: mousike

text: art

text: of

text: the

text: Muses

text: In

text: its

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: the

text: activities

text: describing

text: music

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: music

text: songs

text: tunes

text: symphonies

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: music

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: examination

text: of

text: music

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: and

text: Indian

text: philosophers

text: defined

text: music

text: as

text: tones

text: ordered

text: horizontally

text: as

text: melodies

text: and

text: vertically

text: as

text: harmonies

text: Common

text: sayings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: harmony

text: of

text: the

text: spheres

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: music

text: to

text: my

text: ears

text: point

text: to

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: music

text: is

text: often

text: ordered

text: and

text: pleasant

text: to

text: listen

text: to

text: However

text: century

text: composer

text: John

text: Cage

text: thought

text: that

text: any

text: sound

text: can

text: be

text: music

text: saying

text: for

text: example

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: noise

text: only

text: sound

text: MPEG-1 and/or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players and computing devices.

text: and/or

text: Audio

text: Layer

text: III

text: more

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: is

text: an

text: audio

text: coding

text: format

text: for

text: digital

text: audio

text: which

text: uses

text: form

text: of

text: lossy

text: data

text: compression

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: audio

text: format

text: for

text: consumer

text: audio

text: streaming

text: or

text: storage

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: de

text: facto

text: standard

text: of

text: digital

text: audio

text: compression

text: for

text: the

text: transfer

text: and

text: playback

text: of

text: music

text: on

text: most

text: digital

text: audio

text: players

text: and

text: computing

text: devices

text: Psychedelic rock is a style of rock music that is inspired or influenced by psychedelic culture and attempts to replicate and enhance the mind-altering experiences of psychedelic drugs, most notably LSD. It may use novelty recording techniques, electronic instruments or effects, and sometimes draws on sources such as the ragas and drones of Indian music.

text: Psychedelic

text: rock

text: is

text: style

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: inspired

text: or

text: influenced

text: by

text: psychedelic

text: culture

text: and

text: attempts

text: to

text: replicate

text: and

text: enhance

text: the

text: mind

text: altering

text: experiences

text: of

text: psychedelic

text: drugs

text: most

text: notably

text: LSD

text: It

text: may

text: use

text: novelty

text: recording

text: techniques

text: electronic

text: instruments

text: or

text: effects

text: and

text: sometimes

text: draws

text: on

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: ragas

text: and

text: drones

text: of

text: Indian

text: music

text: A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. A set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book, or e-book.

text: book

text: is

text: set

text: of

text: written

text: printed

text: illustrated

text: or

text: blank

text: sheets

text: made

text: of

text: paper

text: parchment

text: or

text: other

text: materials

text: fastened

text: together

text: to

text: hinge

text: at

text: one

text: side

text: with

text: text

text: and/or

text: images

text: printed

text: in

text: ink

text: single

text: sheet

text: within

text: book

text: is

text: leaf

text: and

text: each

text: side

text: of

text: leaf

text: is

text: page

text: set

text: of

text: text

text: filled

text: or

text: illustrated

text: pages

text: produced

text: in

text: electronic

text: format

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: electronic

text: book

text: or

text: book

text: Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusionas in motion pictures in generalis thought to rely on the phi phenomenon. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation, and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced.

text: Animation

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: making

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: motion

text: and

text: the

text: illusion

text: of

text: change

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: the

text: rapid

text: display

text: of

text: sequence

text: of

text: images

text: that

text: minimally

text: differ

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: The

text: illusionas

text: in

text: motion

text: pictures

text: in

text: generalis

text: thought

text: to

text: rely

text: on

text: the

text: phi

text: phenomenon

text: Animators

text: are

text: artists

text: who

text: specialize

text: in

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: animation

text: Animation

text: can

text: be

text: recorded

text: with

text: either

text: analogue

text: media

text: flip

text: book

text: motion

text: picture

text: film

text: video

text: tape

text: digital

text: media

text: including

text: formats

text: with

text: animated

text: GIF

text: Flash

text: animation

text: and

text: digital

text: video

text: To

text: display

text: animation

text: digital

text: camera

text: computer

text: or

text: projector

text: are

text: used

text: along

text: with

text: new

text: technologies

text: that

text: are

text: produced

text: The Party Boys are an Australian rock supergroup with a floating membership commencing in 1982. Created by Mondo Rock's bass guitarist, Paul Christie as a part-time venture for professional musicians with downtime from their other projects, the group had temporary members from acts such as Status Quo, The Angels, Sherbet, Skyhooks, Rose Tattoo, The Choirboys, Australian Crawl, Divinyls, Models, Dragon and Swanee plus international stars including Joe Walsh, Eric Burdon, Alan Lancaster and Graham Bonnet. In March 1983 their debut album, "Live at Several 21sts", peaked at No. 9 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart. In June 1987 they had a number-one hit on the related Singles Chart with a cover version of John Kongos' hit, "He's Gonna Step On You Again". It also peaked at No. 10 on the New Zealand Singles Chart.

text: The

text: Party

text: Boys

text: are

text: an

text: Australian

text: rock

text: supergroup

text: with

text: floating

text: membership

text: commencing

text: in

text: Created

text: by

text: Mondo

text: Rock

text: 's

text: bass

text: guitarist

text: Paul

text: Christie

text: as

text: part

text: time

text: venture

text: for

text: professional

text: musicians

text: with

text: downtime

text: from

text: their

text: other

text: projects

text: the

text: group

text: had

text: temporary

text: members

text: from

text: acts

text: such

text: as

text: Status

text: Quo

text: The

text: Angels

text: Sherbet

text: Skyhooks

text: Rose

text: Tattoo

text: The

text: Choirboys

text: Australian

text: Crawl

text: Divinyls

text: Models

text: Dragon

text: and

text: Swanee

text: plus

text: international

text: stars

text: including

text: Joe

text: Walsh

text: Eric

text: Burdon

text: Alan

text: Lancaster

text: and

text: Graham

text: Bonnet

text: In

text: March

text: their

text: debut

text: album

text: Live

text: at

text: Several

text: peaked

text: at

text: No

text: on

text: the

text: Australian

text: Kent

text: Music

text: Report

text: Albums

text: Chart

text: In

text: June

text: they

text: had

text: number

text: one

text: hit

text: on

text: the

text: related

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: with

text: cover

text: version

text: of

text: John

text: Kongos

text: hit

text: He

text: 's

text: Gon

text: Step

text: On

text: You

text: Again

text: It

text: also

text: peaked

text: at

text: No

text: on

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Singles

text: Chart

text: ABC Records was an American record label founded in New York City in 1955. It originated as the main popular music label operated by the Am-Par Record Corporation. Am-Par also created the Impulse! jazz label in 1961. It acquired many labels before ABC was sold to MCA Records in 1979. ABC produced music in a variety of genres: pop, rock, jazz, country, rhythm and blues, soundtrack, gospel, and polka.

text: ABC

text: Records

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: founded

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: It

text: originated

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: popular

text: music

text: label

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: Am

text: Par

text: Record

text: Corporation

text: Am

text: Par

text: also

text: created

text: the

text: Impulse

text: jazz

text: label

text: in

text: It

text: acquired

text: many

text: labels

text: before

text: ABC

text: was

text: sold

text: to

text: MCA

text: Records

text: in

text: ABC

text: produced

text: music

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: genres

text: pop

text: rock

text: jazz

text: country

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: soundtrack

text: gospel

text: and

text: polka

text: Architecture (Latin "architectura", from the Greek  "arkhitekton" "architect", from - "chief" and  "builder") is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements.

text: Architecture

text: Latin

text: architectura

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: arkhitekton

text: architect

text: from

text: chief

text: and

text: builder

text: is

text: both

text: the

text: process

text: and

text: the

text: product

text: of

text: planning

text: designing

text: and

text: constructing

text: buildings

text: and

text: other

text: physical

text: structures

text: Architectural

text: works

text: in

text: the

text: material

text: form

text: of

text: buildings

text: are

text: often

text: perceived

text: as

text: cultural

text: symbols

text: and

text: as

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: Historical

text: civilizations

text: are

text: often

text: identified

text: with

text: their

text: surviving

text: architectural

text: achievements

text: The Smoker You Drink , the Player You Get is the second studio album by the American singer - songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Joe Walsh . The album was released in 1973 , on the label ABC - Dunhill in the United States , and United Kingdom , and it was also released on Probe Records in Germany . It proved to be his commercial breakthrough , largely on the strength of the Top 40 hit single , `` Rocky Mountain Way '' , which helped propel the album into the Top 10 . On this album , Walsh shares the vocals and songwriting with the other three members of Barnstorm , drummer / multi-instrumentalist Joe Vitale , bassist Kenny Passarelli , and the new member , keyboardist Rocke Grace . As a result , a variety of styles are explored on this album . There are elements of blues , jazz , folk , pop , and even Caribbean music . After the success of this album , Barnstorm disbanded , and Walsh continued making albums as a solo artist .

text: The

text: Smoker

text: You

text: Drink

text: the

text: Player

text: You

text: Get

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: multi

text: instrumentalist

text: Joe

text: Walsh

text: The

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: label

text: ABC

text: Dunhill

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: released

text: on

text: Probe

text: Records

text: in

text: Germany

text: It

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: his

text: commercial

text: breakthrough

text: largely

text: on

text: the

text: strength

text: of

text: the

text: Top

text: hit

text: single

text: Rocky

text: Mountain

text: Way

text: which

text: helped

text: propel

text: the

text: album

text: into

text: the

text: Top

text: On

text: this

text: album

text: Walsh

text: shares

text: the

text: vocals

text: and

text: songwriting

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: three

text: members

text: of

text: Barnstorm

text: drummer

text: multi

text: instrumentalist

text: Joe

text: Vitale

text: bassist

text: Kenny

text: Passarelli

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: member

text: keyboardist

text: Rocke

text: Grace

text: As

text: result

text: variety

text: of

text: styles

text: are

text: explored

text: on

text: this

text: album

text: There

text: are

text: elements

text: of

text: blues

text: jazz

text: folk

text: pop

text: and

text: even

text: Caribbean

text: music

text: After

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: this

text: album

text: Barnstorm

text: disbanded

text: and

text: Walsh

text: continued

text: making

text: albums

text: as

text: solo

text: artist

text: Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format released in 1982 and co-developed by Philips and Sony. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video Compact Disc (VCD), Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), Photo CD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced Music CD. Audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982, when the first commercially available CD player was released in Japan.

text: Compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: is

text: digital

text: optical

text: disc

text: data

text: storage

text: format

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: co

text: developed

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Sony

text: The

text: format

text: was

text: originally

text: developed

text: to

text: store

text: and

text: play

text: only

text: sound

text: recordings

text: but

text: was

text: later

text: adapted

text: for

text: storage

text: of

text: data

text: CD

text: ROM

text: Several

text: other

text: formats

text: were

text: further

text: derived

text: from

text: these

text: including

text: write

text: once

text: audio

text: and

text: data

text: storage

text: CD

text: rewritable

text: media

text: CD

text: RW

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: VCD

text: Super

text: Video

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: SVCD

text: Photo

text: CD

text: PictureCD

text: CD

text: and

text: Enhanced

text: Music

text: CD

text: Audio

text: CD

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: commercially

text: available

text: since

text: October

text: when

text: the

text: first

text: commercially

text: available

text: CD

text: player

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text:
Session musicians, also called studio musicians, are professional instrumental performers who can be hired to play at live performances or in recording sessions. Many session musicians specialize in playing rhythm section instruments such as electric guitar, piano, electric bass, double bass, or drum kit. Some session musicians "double" on multiple instruments, such as electric bass and double bass or keyboards and guitar, a skill that enables them to play in a wider range of musical styles. Usually such musicians are not permanent members of a musical ensemble with the singers/soloists that they are accompanying and they often do not achieve individual fame in their own right as soloists or bandleaders. However, some backing bands of session musicians have become well known (e.g., The Wrecking Crew).
Skills and equipment.
The term is applied to performers working in many musical styles, ranging from rock, R&B and soul music to country music. Versatility and excellent technique (having strong rhythmic sense, playing notes and chords correctly, excellent intonation, etc.) are two of the most important skills of session musicians, as they may have to perform songs, tunes and pieces from a range of different styles in a range of different settings, often with little or no rehearsal time or personal practice time. As well,session musicians have an extensive knowledge of musical styles and idioms.

text: Session

text: musicians

text: also

text: called

text: studio

text: musicians

text: are

text: professional

text: instrumental

text: performers

text: who

text: can

text: be

text: hired

text: to

text: play

text: at

text: live

text: performances

text: or

text: in

text: recording

text: sessions

text: Many

text: session

text: musicians

text: specialize

text: in

text: playing

text: rhythm

text: section

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: guitar

text: piano

text: electric

text: bass

text: double

text: bass

text: or

text: drum

text: kit

text: Some

text: session

text: musicians

text: double

text: on

text: multiple

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: bass

text: and

text: double

text: bass

text: or

text: keyboards

text: and

text: guitar

text: skill

text: that

text: enables

text: them

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: wider

text: range

text: of

text: musical

text: styles

text: Usually

text: such

text: musicians

text: are

text: not

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: with

text: the

text: singers

text: soloists

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: accompanying

text: and

text: they

text: often

text: do

text: not

text: achieve

text: individual

text: fame

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: right

text: as

text: soloists

text: or

text: bandleaders

text: However

text: some

text: backing

text: bands

text: of

text: session

text: musicians

text: have

text: become

text: well

text: known

text: e.g.

text: The

text: Wrecking

text: Crew

text: Skills

text: and

text: equipment

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: performers

text: working

text: in

text: many

text: musical

text: styles

text: ranging

text: from

text: rock

text: R&B

text: and

text: soul

text: music

text: to

text: country

text: music

text: Versatility

text: and

text: excellent

text: technique

text: having

text: strong

text: rhythmic

text: sense

text: playing

text: notes

text: and

text: chords

text: correctly

text: excellent

text: intonation

text: etc

text: are

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: skills

text: of

text: session

text: musicians

text: as

text: they

text: may

text: have

text: to

text: perform

text: songs

text: tunes

text: and

text: pieces

text: from

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: settings

text: often

text: with

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: rehearsal

text: time

text: or

text: personal

text: practice

text: time

text: As

text: well

text: session

text: musicians

text: have

text: an

text: extensive

text: knowledge

text: of

text: musical

text: styles

text: and

text: idioms

text: Joseph Fidler "Joe" Walsh (born November 20, 1947) is an American singer-songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist and record producer. In a career spanning more than 40 years, Walsh has been a member of five successful rock bands: James Gang, Barnstorm, the Eagles, The Party Boys, and Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band. In the 1990s, he was also a member of the short-lived supergroup The Best. He has also experienced success both as a solo artist and prolific session musician, being featured on a wide array of other artists' recordings. In 2011, "Rolling Stone" placed Walsh at the number 54 spot on its list of "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."

text: Joseph

text: Fidler

text: Joe

text: Walsh

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: composer

text: multi

text: instrumentalist

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: In

text: career

text: spanning

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: Walsh

text: has

text: been

text: member

text: of

text: five

text: successful

text: rock

text: bands

text: James

text: Gang

text: Barnstorm

text: the

text: Eagles

text: The

text: Party

text: Boys

text: and

text: Ringo

text: Starr

text: His

text: All

text: Starr

text: Band

text: In

text: the

text: he

text: was

text: also

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: short

text: lived

text: supergroup

text: The

text: Best

text: He

text: has

text: also

text: experienced

text: success

text: both

text: as

text: solo

text: artist

text: and

text: prolific

text: session

text: musician

text: being

text: featured

text: on

text: wide

text: array

text: of

text: other

text: artists

text: recordings

text: In

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: placed

text: Walsh

text: at

text: the

text: number

text: spot

text: on

text: its

text: list

text: of

text: Greatest

text: Guitarists

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: An artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only. The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors). "Artiste" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context. Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.

text: An

text: artist

text: is

text: person

text: engaged

text: in

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: broad

text: spectrum

text: of

text: activities

text: related

text: to

text: creating

text: art

text: practicing

text: the

text: arts

text: or

text: demonstrating

text: an

text: art

text: The

text: common

text: usage

text: in

text: both

text: everyday

text: speech

text: and

text: academic

text: discourse

text: is

text: practitioner

text: in

text: the

text: visual

text: arts

text: only

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: entertainment

text: business

text: especially

text: in

text: business

text: context

text: for

text: musicians

text: and

text: other

text: performers

text: less

text: often

text: for

text: actors

text: Artiste

text: the

text: French

text: for

text: artist

text: is

text: variant

text: used

text: in

text: English

text: only

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: Use

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: to

text: describe

text: writers

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: valid

text: but

text: less

text: common

text: and

text: mostly

text: restricted

text: to

text: contexts

text: like

text: criticism

text: The LP (from "long playing" or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, a vinyl record format characterized by a speed of rpm, a 12 or 10 inch (30 or 25 cm) diameter, and use of the "microgroove" groove specification. Introduced by Columbia in 1948, it was soon adopted as a new standard by the entire record industry. Apart from a few relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound, it has remained the standard format for vinyl albums.

text: The

text: LP

text: from

text: long

text: playing

text: or

text: long

text: play

text: is

text: an

text: analog

text: sound

text: storage

text: medium

text: vinyl

text: record

text: format

text: characterized

text: by

text: speed

text: of

text: rpm

text: or

text: inch

text: or

text: cm

text: diameter

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: microgroove

text: groove

text: specification

text: Introduced

text: by

text: Columbia

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: soon

text: adopted

text: as

text: new

text: standard

text: by

text: the

text: entire

text: record

text: industry

text: Apart

text: from

text: few

text: relatively

text: minor

text: refinements

text: and

text: the

text: important

text: later

text: addition

text: of

text: stereophonic

text: sound

text: it

text: has

text: remained

text: the

text: standard

text: format

text: for

text: vinyl

text: albums

annotations: follows single

question: record_label the smoker you drink

answer: abc records

text: abc records

text: abc records