text: Lucius Licinius Lucullus (118  57/56 BC) was an "optimate" politician of the late Roman Republic, closely connected with Lucius Cornelius Sulla. In the culmination of over twenty years of almost continuous military and government service, he became the main conqueror of the eastern kingdoms in the course of the Third Mithridatic War, exhibiting extraordinary generalship in diverse situations, most famously during the siege of Cyzicus, 73-72 BC, and at the Battle of Tigranocerta in Armenian Arzanene, 69 BC. His command style received unusually favourable attention from ancient military experts, and his campaigns appear to have been studied as examples of skillful generalship.

text: Lucius

text: Licinius

text: Lucullus

text: BC

text: was

text: an

text: optimate

text: politician

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: closely

text: connected

text: with

text: Lucius

text: Cornelius

text: Sulla

text: In

text: the

text: culmination

text: of

text: over

text: twenty

text: years

text: of

text: almost

text: continuous

text: military

text: and

text: government

text: service

text: he

text: became

text: the

text: main

text: conqueror

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: kingdoms

text: in

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Mithridatic

text: War

text: exhibiting

text: extraordinary

text: generalship

text: in

text: diverse

text: situations

text: most

text: famously

text: during

text: the

text: siege

text: of

text: Cyzicus

text: BC

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Tigranocerta

text: in

text: Armenian

text: Arzanene

text: BC

text: His

text: command

text: style

text: received

text: unusually

text: favourable

text: attention

text: from

text: ancient

text: military

text: experts

text: and

text: his

text: campaigns

text: appear

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: studied

text: as

text: examples

text: of

text: skillful

text: generalship

text: A consul was the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic, and the consulship was considered the highest level of the "cursus honorum" (the sequential order of public offices through which aspiring politicians sought to ascend).

text: consul

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: elected

text: political

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: consulship

text: was

text: considered

text: the

text: highest

text: level

text: of

text: the

text: cursus

text: honorum

text: the

text: sequential

text: order

text: of

text: public

text: offices

text: through

text: which

text: aspiring

text: politicians

text: sought

text: to

text: ascend

text: Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (29 September 106 BC  28 September 48 BC), usually known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic. He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and his father had been the first to establish the family among the Roman nobility. Pompey's immense success as a general while still very young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without meeting the normal requirements for office. His success as a military commander in Sulla's Second Civil War resulted in Sulla bestowing the nickname "Magnus", "the Great", upon him. He was consul three times and celebrated three triumphs.

text: Gnaeus

text: Pompeius

text: Magnus

text: September

text: BC

text: September

text: BC

text: usually

text: known

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: Pompey

text: or

text: Pompey

text: the

text: Great

text: was

text: military

text: and

text: political

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: He

text: came

text: from

text: wealthy

text: Italian

text: provincial

text: background

text: and

text: his

text: father

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: family

text: among

text: the

text: Roman

text: nobility

text: Pompey

text: 's

text: immense

text: success

text: as

text: general

text: while

text: still

text: very

text: young

text: enabled

text: him

text: to

text: advance

text: directly

text: to

text: his

text: first

text: consulship

text: without

text: meeting

text: the

text: normal

text: requirements

text: for

text: office

text: His

text: success

text: as

text: military

text: commander

text: in

text: Sulla

text: 's

text: Second

text: Civil

text: War

text: resulted

text: in

text: Sulla

text: bestowing

text: the

text: nickname

text: Magnus

text: the

text: Great

text: upon

text: him

text: He

text: was

text: consul

text: three

text: times

text: and

text: celebrated

text: three

text: triumphs

text: The Roman Kingdom was the period of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a monarchical form of government of the city of Rome and its territories.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Kingdom

text: was

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: characterized

text: by

text: monarchical

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: and

text: its

text: territories

text: The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek:   , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Koine

text: and

text: Medieval

text: Greek

text: tr

text: was

text: the

text: post

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: characterized

text: by

text: government

text: headed

text: by

text: emperors

text: and

text: large

text: territorial

text: holdings

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: BC

text: AD

text: with

text: Constantinople

text: New

text: Rome

text: becoming

text: the

text: largest

text: around

text: AD

text: and

text: the

text: Empire

text: 's

text: populace

text: grew

text: to

text: an

text: estimated

text: to

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: roughly

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: old

text: republic

text: which

text: preceded

text: it

text: was

text: severely

text: destabilized

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: civil

text: wars

text: and

text: political

text: conflict

text: during

text: which

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: was

text: appointed

text: as

text: perpetual

text: dictator

text: and

text: then

text: assassinated

text: in

text: BC

text: Civil

text: wars

text: and

text: executions

text: continued

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: Octavian

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: adopted

text: son

text: over

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Octavian

text: 's

text: power

text: was

text: then

text: unassailable

text: and

text: in

text: BC

text: the

text: Roman

text: Senate

text: formally

text: granted

text: him

text: overarching

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: title

text: Augustus

text: effectively

text: marking

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: Hegemony (or , or  "leadership, rule") is the political, economic, or military predominance or control of one state over others. In ancient Greece (8th century BCE  6th century CE), "hegemony" denoted the politicomilitary dominance of a city-state over other city-states. The dominant state is known as the "hegemon".

text: Hegemony

text: or

text: or

text: leadership

text: rule

text: is

text: the

text: political

text: economic

text: or

text: military

text: predominance

text: or

text: control

text: of

text: one

text: state

text: over

text: others

text: In

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: century

text: BCE

text: century

text: CE

text: hegemony

text: denoted

text: the

text: politicomilitary

text: dominance

text: of

text: city

text: state

text: over

text: other

text: city

text: states

text: The

text: dominant

text: state

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: hegemon

text: A city is a large and permanent human settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town in general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.

text: city

text: is

text: large

text: and

text: permanent

text: human

text: settlement

text: Although

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: agreement

text: on

text: how

text: city

text: is

text: distinguished

text: from

text: town

text: in

text: general

text: English

text: language

text: meanings

text: many

text: cities

text: have

text: particular

text: administrative

text: legal

text: or

text: historical

text: status

text: based

text: on

text: local

text: law

text: The Second Mithridatic War ( 83 -- 81 BC ) was one of three wars fought between Pontus and the Roman Republic . The second Mithridatic war was fought between King Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman general Lucius Licinius Murena . At the conclusion of the First Mithridatic War , Sulla had come to a hasty agreement with Mithridates that allowed the latter to remain in control of his Kingdom of Pontus , but relinquishing his claim to Asia Minor and respecting pre-war borders . Murena , as Sulla 's legate , was stationed in Asia as commander of the two legions formerly under the command of Gaius Flavius Fimbria . Murena invaded Pontus on his own authority claiming that Mithridates was re-arming and posed a direct threat to Roman Asia Minor . After several inconclusive skirmishes , Mithridates inflicted a minor defeat on Murena and forced his withdrawal from Pontus . Peace was restored on the orders of Sulla . This was followed by the Third Mithridatic War .

text: The

text: Second

text: Mithridatic

text: War

text: BC

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: wars

text: fought

text: between

text: Pontus

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: The

text: second

text: Mithridatic

text: war

text: was

text: fought

text: between

text: King

text: Mithridates

text: VI

text: of

text: Pontus

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: general

text: Lucius

text: Licinius

text: Murena

text: At

text: the

text: conclusion

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: Mithridatic

text: War

text: Sulla

text: had

text: come

text: to

text: hasty

text: agreement

text: with

text: Mithridates

text: that

text: allowed

text: the

text: latter

text: to

text: remain

text: in

text: control

text: of

text: his

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Pontus

text: but

text: relinquishing

text: his

text: claim

text: to

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: and

text: respecting

text: pre

text: war

text: borders

text: Murena

text: as

text: Sulla

text: 's

text: legate

text: was

text: stationed

text: in

text: Asia

text: as

text: commander

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: legions

text: formerly

text: under

text: the

text: command

text: of

text: Gaius

text: Flavius

text: Fimbria

text: Murena

text: invaded

text: Pontus

text: on

text: his

text: own

text: authority

text: claiming

text: that

text: Mithridates

text: was

text: re

text: arming

text: and

text: posed

text: direct

text: threat

text: to

text: Roman

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: After

text: several

text: inconclusive

text: skirmishes

text: Mithridates

text: inflicted

text: minor

text: defeat

text: on

text: Murena

text: and

text: forced

text: his

text: withdrawal

text: from

text: Pontus

text: Peace

text: was

text: restored

text: on

text: the

text: orders

text: of

text: Sulla

text: This

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: Third

text: Mithridatic

text: War

text: Mithridates VI or Mithradates VI, from Old Persian "Miradta", "gift of Mithra"; 13563 BC, also known as Mithradates the Great (Megas) and Eupator Dionysius, was king of Pontus and Armenia Minor in northern Anatolia (now Turkey) from about 12063 BC. Mithridates is remembered as one of the Roman Republics most formidable and successful enemies, who engaged three of the prominent generals from the late Roman Republic in the Mithridatic Wars: Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Gnaeus Pompey Magnus. He is often considered the greatest ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus.

text: Mithridates

text: VI

text: or

text: Mithradates

text: VI

text: from

text: Old

text: Persian

text: Miradta

text: gift

text: of

text: Mithra

text: BC

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Mithradates

text: the

text: Great

text: Megas

text: and

text: Eupator

text: Dionysius

text: was

text: king

text: of

text: Pontus

text: and

text: Armenia

text: Minor

text: in

text: northern

text: Anatolia

text: now

text: Turkey

text: from

text: about

text: BC

text: Mithridates

text: is

text: remembered

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republics

text: most

text: formidable

text: and

text: successful

text: enemies

text: who

text: engaged

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: prominent

text: generals

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: in

text: the

text: Mithridatic

text: Wars

text: Lucius

text: Cornelius

text: Sulla

text: Lucius

text: Licinius

text: Lucullus

text: and

text: Gnaeus

text: Pompey

text: Magnus

text: He

text: is

text: often

text: considered

text: the

text: greatest

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Pontus

text: The Kingdom of Pontus or Pontic Empire was a state founded by the Persian Mithridatic dynasty, which may have been directly related to Darius the Great and the Achaemenid dynasty. The kingdom was proclaimed by Mithridates I in 281BCE and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63BCE. It reached its largest extent under Mithridates VI the Great, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Bithynia, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos, and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. After a long struggle with Rome in the Mithridatic Wars, Pontus was defeated; part of it was incorporated into the Roman Republic as the province Bithynia et Pontus, and the eastern half survived as a client kingdom.

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Pontus

text: or

text: Pontic

text: Empire

text: was

text: state

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: Mithridatic

text: dynasty

text: which

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: directly

text: related

text: to

text: Darius

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: dynasty

text: The

text: kingdom

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: by

text: Mithridates

text: in

text: and

text: lasted

text: until

text: its

text: conquest

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: in

text: It

text: reached

text: its

text: largest

text: extent

text: under

text: Mithridates

text: VI

text: the

text: Great

text: who

text: conquered

text: Colchis

text: Cappadocia

text: Bithynia

text: the

text: Greek

text: colonies

text: of

text: the

text: Tauric

text: Chersonesos

text: and

text: for

text: brief

text: time

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Asia

text: After

text: long

text: struggle

text: with

text: Rome

text: in

text: the

text: Mithridatic

text: Wars

text: Pontus

text: was

text: defeated

text: part

text: of

text: it

text: was

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: as

text: the

text: province

text: Bithynia

text: et

text: Pontus

text: and

text: the

text: eastern

text: half

text: survived

text: as

text: client

text: kingdom

text: There were three Mithridatic Wars between Rome and the Kingdom of Pontus in the 1st century BC. They are named for Mithridates VI who was King of Pontus at the time.

text: There

text: were

text: three

text: Mithridatic

text: Wars

text: between

text: Rome

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Pontus

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: They

text: are

text: named

text: for

text: Mithridates

text: VI

text: who

text: was

text: King

text: of

text: Pontus

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Lucius Licinius Murena was Roman consul in 62 BC. His father had the same name.

text: Lucius

text: Licinius

text: Murena

text: was

text: Roman

text: consul

text: in

text: BC

text: His

text: father

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: The Roman Republic was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: was

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: civilization

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Kingdom

text: traditionally

text: dated

text: to

text: BC

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: BC

text: with

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: It

text: was

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: that

text: Rome

text: 's

text: control

text: expanded

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: immediate

text: surroundings

text: to

text: hegemony

text: over

text: the

text: entire

text: Mediterranean

text: world

text: Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece to the west; Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia. Turkey's location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history.

text: Turkey

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Turkey

text: Turkish

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: mainly

text: in

text: Anatolia

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: with

text: smaller

text: portion

text: on

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: Turkey

text: is

text: democratic

text: secular

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: with

text: diverse

text: cultural

text: heritage

text: Turkey

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: eight

text: countries

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Bulgaria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Georgia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Armenia

text: the

text: Azerbaijani

text: exclave

text: of

text: Nakhchivan

text: and

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: is

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Bosphorus

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Marmara

text: and

text: the

text: Dardanelles

text: which

text: together

text: form

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: divide

text: Thrace

text: and

text: Anatolia

text: they

text: also

text: separate

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: Turkey

text: 's

text: location

text: has

text: given

text: it

text: geopolitical

text: and

text: strategic

text: importance

text: throughout

text: history

text: Anatolia (from Greek , '  "east" or "(sun)rise"; in modern ), in geography known as Asia Minor (from '  "small Asia"; in modern ), Asian Turkey, Anatolian peninsula, or Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey. The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west. The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Seas through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits and separates Anatolia from Thrace on the European mainland.

text: Anatolia

text: from

text: Greek

text: east

text: or

text: sun)rise

text: in

text: modern

text: in

text: geography

text: known

text: as

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: from

text: small

text: Asia

text: in

text: modern

text: Asian

text: Turkey

text: Anatolian

text: peninsula

text: or

text: Anatolian

text: plateau

text: is

text: the

text: westernmost

text: protrusion

text: of

text: Asia

text: which

text: makes

text: up

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Turkey

text: The

text: region

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: Sea

text: of

text: Marmara

text: forms

text: connection

text: between

text: the

text: Black

text: and

text: Aegean

text: Seas

text: through

text: the

text: Bosphorus

text: and

text: Dardanelles

text: straits

text: and

text: separates

text: Anatolia

text: from

text: Thrace

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: mainland

question: part_of second mithridatic war

answer: mithridatic wars

text: mithridatic wars

text: mithridatic wars

text: mithridatic wars


text: Spanish (, also called Castilian) is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native-speakers across the world.

text: Spanish

text: also

text: called

text: Castilian

text: is

text: Romance

text: language

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: Castile

text: region

text: of

text: Spain

text: and

text: today

text: has

text: hundreds

text: of

text: millions

text: of

text: native

text: speakers

text: across

text: the

text: world

text: Gloria Estefan (born Gloria María Milagrosa Fajardo García; September 1, 1957) is a Cuban-American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She started off her career as the lead singer in the group called "Miami Latin Boys" which was eventually known as Miami Sound Machine.

text: Gloria

text: Estefan

text: born

text: Gloria

text: María

text: Milagrosa

text: Fajardo

text: García

text: September

text: is

text: Cuban

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: actress

text: and

text: businesswoman

text: She

text: started

text: off

text: her

text: career

text: as

text: the

text: lead

text: singer

text: in

text: the

text: group

text: called

text: Miami

text: Latin

text: Boys

text: which

text: was

text: eventually

text: known

text: as

text: Miami

text: Sound

text: Machine

text: Miami Sound Machine was an American band of Latin-influenced music featuring the vocals of Cuban-born Gloria María Fajardo García (later Gloria Estefan). The band was established in 1975 originally as Miami Latin Boys by Emilio Estefan Jr. and became very successful after joining Gloria García (Estefan) in 1977.

text: Miami

text: Sound

text: Machine

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: band

text: of

text: Latin

text: influenced

text: music

text: featuring

text: the

text: vocals

text: of

text: Cuban

text: born

text: Gloria

text: María

text: Fajardo

text: García

text: later

text: Gloria

text: Estefan

text: The

text: band

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: originally

text: as

text: Miami

text: Latin

text: Boys

text: by

text: Emilio

text: Estefan

text: Jr.

text: and

text: became

text: very

text: successful

text: after

text: joining

text: Gloria

text: García

text: Estefan

text: in

text: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.

text: Spain

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Spain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: largely

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Europe

text: with

text: two

text: large

text: archipelagos

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: off

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: two

text: cities

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: mainland

text: and

text: several

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Alboran

text: Sea

text: near

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: coast

text: Its

text: mainland

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: except

text: for

text: small

text: land

text: boundary

text: with

text: Gibraltar

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: by

text: France

text: Andorra

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: by

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: European

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: border

text: with

text: an

text: African

text: country

text: Morocco

text: and

text: its

text: African

text: territory

text: accounts

text: for

text: nearly

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: Abriendo Puertas ( Spanish : Opening Doors ) is a 1995 album released by Gloria Estefan . It is her sixth studio album as a soloist and second Spanish language album released .

text: Abriendo

text: Puertas

text: Spanish

text: Opening

text: Doors

text: is

text: album

text: released

text: by

text: Gloria

text: Estefan

text: It

text: is

text: her

text: sixth

text: studio

text: album

text: as

text: soloist

text: and

text: second

text: Spanish

text: language

text: album

text: released

annotations: follows multiple

question: producer abriendo puertas

answer: emilio estefan

text: emilio estefan


text: Da Ali G Show is a British-American satirical television series created by and starring English comedian Sacha Baron Cohen. In the series, Baron Cohen plays three unorthodox journalists  faux-streetwise poseur Ali G, Kazakh reporter Borat Sagdiyev, and gay Austrian fashion enthusiast Brüno Gehard. These characters conduct real interviews with unsuspecting people, many of whom are celebrities, high-ranking government officials and other well-known persons, during which they are asked absurd and ridiculous questions.

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: is

text: British

text: American

text: satirical

text: television

text: series

text: created

text: by

text: and

text: starring

text: English

text: comedian

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: In

text: the

text: series

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: plays

text: three

text: unorthodox

text: journalists

text: faux

text: streetwise

text: poseur

text: Ali

text: Kazakh

text: reporter

text: Borat

text: Sagdiyev

text: and

text: gay

text: Austrian

text: fashion

text: enthusiast

text: Brüno

text: Gehard

text: These

text: characters

text: conduct

text: real

text: interviews

text: with

text: unsuspecting

text: people

text: many

text: of

text: whom

text: are

text: celebrities

text: high

text: ranking

text: government

text: officials

text: and

text: other

text: well

text: known

text: persons

text: during

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: asked

text: absurd

text: and

text: ridiculous

text: questions

text: Sir James Wilson Vincent "Jimmy" Savile, OBE, KCSG (31 October 1926  29 October 2011) was an English DJ, television and radio personality, dance hall manager, and charity fundraiser. He hosted the BBC television show "Jim'll Fix It", was the first and last presenter of the long-running BBC music chart show "Top of the Pops", and raised an estimated £40 million for charities. At the time of his death he was widely praised for his personal qualities and as a fund-raiser. After his death, hundreds of allegations of sexual abuse were made against him, leading the police to believe that Savile had been a predatory sex offenderpossibly one of Britain's most prolific. There had been allegations during his lifetime, but they were dismissed and accusers ignored or disbelieved; Savile took legal action against some accusers.

text: Sir

text: James

text: Wilson

text: Vincent

text: Jimmy

text: Savile

text: OBE

text: KCSG

text: October

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: DJ

text: television

text: and

text: radio

text: personality

text: dance

text: hall

text: manager

text: and

text: charity

text: fundraiser

text: He

text: hosted

text: the

text: BBC

text: television

text: show

text: Jim'll

text: Fix

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: last

text: presenter

text: of

text: the

text: long

text: running

text: BBC

text: music

text: chart

text: show

text: Top

text: of

text: the

text: Pops

text: and

text: raised

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: for

text: charities

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: his

text: death

text: he

text: was

text: widely

text: praised

text: for

text: his

text: personal

text: qualities

text: and

text: as

text: fund

text: raiser

text: After

text: his

text: death

text: hundreds

text: of

text: allegations

text: of

text: sexual

text: abuse

text: were

text: made

text: against

text: him

text: leading

text: the

text: police

text: to

text: believe

text: that

text: Savile

text: had

text: been

text: predatory

text: sex

text: offenderpossibly

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: most

text: prolific

text: There

text: had

text: been

text: allegations

text: during

text: his

text: lifetime

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: dismissed

text: and

text: accusers

text: ignored

text: or

text: disbelieved

text: Savile

text: took

text: legal

text: action

text: against

text: some

text: accusers

text: The 11 O'Clock Show was a satirical late-night British television comedy series on Channel 4, which featured topical sketches and commentary on news items. It ran from 30 September 1998 to 8 December 2000, most notably, while hosted by Iain Lee and Daisy Donovan. The show launched the careers of Ricky Gervais and Sacha Baron Cohen.

text: The

text: O'Clock

text: Show

text: was

text: satirical

text: late

text: night

text: British

text: television

text: comedy

text: series

text: on

text: Channel

text: which

text: featured

text: topical

text: sketches

text: and

text: commentary

text: on

text: news

text: items

text: It

text: ran

text: from

text: September

text: to

text: December

text: most

text: notably

text: while

text: hosted

text: by

text: Iain

text: Lee

text: and

text: Daisy

text: Donovan

text: The

text: show

text: launched

text: the

text: careers

text: of

text: Ricky

text: Gervais

text: and

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: The British Comedy Awards are an annual awards ceremony in the United Kingdom celebrating notable comedians and entertainment performances of the previous year.

text: The

text: British

text: Comedy

text: Awards

text: are

text: an

text: annual

text: awards

text: ceremony

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: celebrating

text: notable

text: comedians

text: and

text: entertainment

text: performances

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: Sacha Noam Baron Cohen (born 13 October 1971) is an English actor, comedian, screenwriter, and producer. A graduate of Christ's College, Cambridge, Baron Cohen is most widely known for creating and portraying four fictional characters: Ali G, Borat Sagdiyev, Brüno Gehard and Admiral General Aladeen. Like his idol Peter Sellers, he uses a variety of accents and guises for his characters.

text: Sacha

text: Noam

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: actor

text: comedian

text: screenwriter

text: and

text: producer

text: graduate

text: of

text: Christ

text: 's

text: College

text: Cambridge

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: is

text: most

text: widely

text: known

text: for

text: creating

text: and

text: portraying

text: four

text: fictional

text: characters

text: Ali

text: Borat

text: Sagdiyev

text: Brüno

text: Gehard

text: and

text: Admiral

text: General

text: Aladeen

text: Like

text: his

text: idol

text: Peter

text: Sellers

text: he

text: uses

text: variety

text: of

text: accents

text: and

text: guises

text: for

text: his

text: characters

text: Alistair Leslie Graham better known as Ali G is a satirical fictional character created and performed by British comedian Sacha Baron Cohen. Originally appearing on Channel 4's "The 11 O'Clock Show", and subsequently as the title character of Channel 4's "Da Ali G Show" in 2000 and on HBO in 20032004, he is also the title character of the film "Ali G Indahouse". In December 2007, in an interview with "The Daily Telegraph", Baron Cohen announced that Ali G, along with Borat, had been retired. However, Ali G returned at the 2012 British Comedy Awards to accept Baron Cohen's Outstanding Achievement Award, causing controversy by making jokes about Kate Middleton and Jimmy Savile. Ali G returned to television with "Ali G Rezurection" in 2014. Rezurection features new introductions by Ali G to some old highlights of Da Ali G Show.

text: Alistair

text: Leslie

text: Graham

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: Ali

text: is

text: satirical

text: fictional

text: character

text: created

text: and

text: performed

text: by

text: British

text: comedian

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: Originally

text: appearing

text: on

text: Channel

text: 's

text: The

text: O'Clock

text: Show

text: and

text: subsequently

text: as

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: of

text: Channel

text: 's

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: in

text: and

text: on

text: HBO

text: in

text: he

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Ali

text: Indahouse

text: In

text: December

text: in

text: an

text: interview

text: with

text: The

text: Daily

text: Telegraph

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: announced

text: that

text: Ali

text: along

text: with

text: Borat

text: had

text: been

text: retired

text: However

text: Ali

text: returned

text: at

text: the

text: British

text: Comedy

text: Awards

text: to

text: accept

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: 's

text: Outstanding

text: Achievement

text: Award

text: causing

text: controversy

text: by

text: making

text: jokes

text: about

text: Kate

text: Middleton

text: and

text: Jimmy

text: Savile

text: Ali

text: returned

text: to

text: television

text: with

text: Ali

text: Rezurection

text: in

text: Rezurection

text: features

text: new

text: introductions

text: by

text: Ali

text: to

text: some

text: old

text: highlights

text: of

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: Ali G Indahouse is a 2002 British comedy film directed by Mark Mylod and starring the fictional character Ali G, who is written and performed by comedian Sacha Baron Cohen.

text: Ali

text: Indahouse

text: is

text: British

text: comedy

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Mark

text: Mylod

text: and

text: starring

text: the

text: fictional

text: character

text: Ali

text: who

text: is

text: written

text: and

text: performed

text: by

text: comedian

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: Ali G , Aiii is a straight - to - video release of clips from Da Ali G Show ( original , UK series ) plus unaired segments from the show , hosted by Ali G himself . The word `` Aiii '' refers to Ali G 's slang / slur loosely pronounced `` Ah - eye '' and meaning `` all right '' .

text: Ali

text: Aiii

text: is

text: straight

text: to

text: video

text: release

text: of

text: clips

text: from

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: original

text: UK

text: series

text: plus

text: unaired

text: segments

text: from

text: the

text: show

text: hosted

text: by

text: Ali

text: himself

text: The

text: word

text: Aiii

text: refers

text: to

text: Ali

text: 's

text: slang

text: slur

text: loosely

text: pronounced

text: Ah

text: eye

text: and

text: meaning

text: all

text: right

text: Borat! Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan (or simply Borat) is a 2006 British-American mockumentary comedy film. The film was written and produced by British comedian Sacha Baron Cohen who also plays the title character, Borat Sagdiyev, a fictitious Kazakh journalist travelling through the United States recording real-life interactions with Americans. The film was directed by Larry Charles and distributed by 20th Century Fox. Much of the film features unscripted vignettes of Borat interviewing and interacting with Americans, who believe he is a foreigner with little or no understanding of American customs. It is the second of three films built around Baron Cohen's characters from "Da Ali G Show" (200004): the first, "Ali G Indahouse", was released in 2002, and featured a cameo by Borat, and the third, "Brüno", was released in 2009. The film is produced by Baron Cohen's production company, Four By Two Productions ("Four By Two" is Cockney rhyming slang for "Jew").

text: Borat

text: Cultural

text: Learnings

text: of

text: America

text: for

text: Make

text: Benefit

text: Glorious

text: Nation

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: or

text: simply

text: Borat

text: is

text: British

text: American

text: mockumentary

text: comedy

text: film

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: written

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: British

text: comedian

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: who

text: also

text: plays

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: Borat

text: Sagdiyev

text: fictitious

text: Kazakh

text: journalist

text: travelling

text: through

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: recording

text: real

text: life

text: interactions

text: with

text: Americans

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: directed

text: by

text: Larry

text: Charles

text: and

text: distributed

text: by

text: Century

text: Fox

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: features

text: unscripted

text: vignettes

text: of

text: Borat

text: interviewing

text: and

text: interacting

text: with

text: Americans

text: who

text: believe

text: he

text: is

text: foreigner

text: with

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: understanding

text: of

text: American

text: customs

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: of

text: three

text: films

text: built

text: around

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: 's

text: characters

text: from

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: the

text: first

text: Ali

text: Indahouse

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: featured

text: cameo

text: by

text: Borat

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: Brüno

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: produced

text: by

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: 's

text: production

text: company

text: Four

text: By

text: Two

text: Productions

text: Four

text: By

text: Two

text: is

text: Cockney

text: rhyming

text: slang

text: for

text: Jew

text: Brüno Gehard (sometimes spelled "Bruno" or "Brueno") is a retired satirical fictional character portrayed by English comedian Sacha Baron Cohen. A flamboyantly gay Austrian fashion reporter, Brüno first appeared during short sketches on The Paramount Comedy Channel in 1998, before reappearing on "Da Ali G Show" with his partner Adrian Chan. Following the success of "Ali G Indahouse" and "Borat", Universal Studios gained rights to produce and release a feature film, "Brüno". Along with Baron Cohen's other character, Borat, Brüno has been retired.

text: Brüno

text: Gehard

text: sometimes

text: spelled

text: Bruno

text: or

text: Brueno

text: is

text: retired

text: satirical

text: fictional

text: character

text: portrayed

text: by

text: English

text: comedian

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: flamboyantly

text: gay

text: Austrian

text: fashion

text: reporter

text: Brüno

text: first

text: appeared

text: during

text: short

text: sketches

text: on

text: The

text: Paramount

text: Comedy

text: Channel

text: in

text: before

text: reappearing

text: on

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: with

text: his

text: partner

text: Adrian

text: Chan

text: Following

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: Ali

text: Indahouse

text: and

text: Borat

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: gained

text: rights

text: to

text: produce

text: and

text: release

text: feature

text: film

text: Brüno

text: Along

text: with

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: 's

text: other

text: character

text: Borat

text: Brüno

text: has

text: been

text: retired

text: Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. Programming featured on the network consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original television series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.

text: Home

text: Box

text: Office

text: HBO

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: premium

text: cable

text: and

text: satellite

text: television

text: network

text: that

text: is

text: owned

text: by

text: Time

text: Warner

text: through

text: its

text: respective

text: flagship

text: company

text: Home

text: Box

text: Office

text: Inc.

text: Programming

text: featured

text: on

text: the

text: network

text: consists

text: primarily

text: of

text: theatrically

text: released

text: motion

text: pictures

text: and

text: original

text: television

text: series

text: along

text: with

text: made

text: for

text: cable

text: movies

text: and

text: documentaries

text: boxing

text: matches

text: and

text: occasional

text: stand

text: up

text: comedy

text: and

text: concert

text: specials

text: Brüno is a 2009 American mockumentary comedy film directed by Larry Charles and starring Sacha Baron Cohen, who produced, co-wrote, and played the gay Austrian fashion journalist Brüno. It is the third film based on one of Cohen's characters from "Da Ali G Show"; the first were "Ali G Indahouse" and "Borat".

text: Brüno

text: is

text: American

text: mockumentary

text: comedy

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Larry

text: Charles

text: and

text: starring

text: Sacha

text: Baron

text: Cohen

text: who

text: produced

text: co

text: wrote

text: and

text: played

text: the

text: gay

text: Austrian

text: fashion

text: journalist

text: Brüno

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: film

text: based

text: on

text: one

text: of

text: Cohen

text: 's

text: characters

text: from

text: Da

text: Ali

text: Show

text: the

text: first

text: were

text: Ali

text: Indahouse

text: and

text: Borat

text: Channel 4 is a British public-service television broadcaster that began transmission on 2 November 1982. Although largely commercially self-funded, it is ultimately publicly owned; originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the station is now owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation, a public corporation of the Department for Culture, Media & Sport, which was established in 1990 and came into operation in 1993. With the conversion of the Wenvoe transmitter group in Wales to digital on 31 March 2010, Channel 4 became a UK-wide TV channel for the first time.

text: Channel

text: is

text: British

text: public

text: service

text: television

text: broadcaster

text: that

text: began

text: transmission

text: on

text: November

text: Although

text: largely

text: commercially

text: self

text: funded

text: it

text: is

text: ultimately

text: publicly

text: owned

text: originally

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Independent

text: Broadcasting

text: Authority

text: IBA

text: the

text: station

text: is

text: now

text: owned

text: and

text: operated

text: by

text: Channel

text: Four

text: Television

text: Corporation

text: public

text: corporation

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: for

text: Culture

text: Media

text: Sport

text: which

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: operation

text: in

text: With

text: the

text: conversion

text: of

text: the

text: Wenvoe

text: transmitter

text: group

text: in

text: Wales

text: to

text: digital

text: on

text: March

text: Channel

text: became

text: UK

text: wide

text: TV

text: channel

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

annotations: likely multiple

question: genre ali g

answer: comedy film

text: comedy film

text: comedy film

text: comedy film