text: Harald Fairhair (Old Norse: "Haraldr Hárfagri", Norwegian: "Harald Hårfagre", (literally "Harald Hair-fair") ;  850   932) is remembered by medieval historians as the first King of Norway. According to traditions current in Norway and Iceland in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, he reigned from  872 to 930. Most of his life remains uncertain, since the extant accounts of his life in the sagas were set down in writing around three centuries after his lifetime. A few remnants of skaldic praise poems attributed to contemporary court poets exist which seem to refer to Harald's victories against opponents in Norway. The information supplied in these poems is inconsistent with the tales in the sagas in which they are transmitted, and the sagas themselves often disagree on the details of his background and biography. Two of his sons, Eric Bloodaxe and Haakon the Good, succeeded Harald to become kings after his death.

text: Harald

text: Fairhair

text: Old

text: Norse

text: Haraldr

text: Hárfagri

text: Norwegian

text: Harald

text: Hårfagre

text: literally

text: Harald

text: Hair

text: fair

text: is

text: remembered

text: by

text: medieval

text: historians

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: King

text: of

text: Norway

text: According

text: to

text: traditions

text: current

text: in

text: Norway

text: and

text: Iceland

text: in

text: the

text: twelfth

text: and

text: thirteenth

text: centuries

text: he

text: reigned

text: from

text: to

text: Most

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: remains

text: uncertain

text: since

text: the

text: extant

text: accounts

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: sagas

text: were

text: set

text: down

text: in

text: writing

text: around

text: three

text: centuries

text: after

text: his

text: lifetime

text: few

text: remnants

text: of

text: skaldic

text: praise

text: poems

text: attributed

text: to

text: contemporary

text: court

text: poets

text: exist

text: which

text: seem

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: Harald

text: 's

text: victories

text: against

text: opponents

text: in

text: Norway

text: The

text: information

text: supplied

text: in

text: these

text: poems

text: is

text: inconsistent

text: with

text: the

text: tales

text: in

text: the

text: sagas

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: transmitted

text: and

text: the

text: sagas

text: themselves

text: often

text: disagree

text: on

text: the

text: details

text: of

text: his

text: background

text: and

text: biography

text: Two

text: of

text: his

text: sons

text: Eric

text: Bloodaxe

text: and

text: Haakon

text: the

text: Good

text: succeeded

text: Harald

text: to

text: become

text: kings

text: after

text: his

text: death

text: Jens Christian Djurhuus or Sjóvarbóndin (August 21, 1773  November 21, 1853) was the first poet who wrote in Faroese. He composed several Faroese ballads in traditional style on historical themes. The best known is "Ormurin langi". Djurhuus also composed satirical poems directed against Danish rule in the Faroe Islands.

text: Jens

text: Christian

text: Djurhuus

text: or

text: Sjóvarbóndin

text: August

text: November

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: poet

text: who

text: wrote

text: in

text: Faroese

text: He

text: composed

text: several

text: Faroese

text: ballads

text: in

text: traditional

text: style

text: on

text: historical

text: themes

text: The

text: best

text: known

text: is

text: Ormurin

text: langi

text: Djurhuus

text: also

text: composed

text: satirical

text: poems

text: directed

text: against

text: Danish

text: rule

text: in

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: Longships were a type of ship invented and used by the Norsemen for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age. The longship's design evolved over many centuries, beginning in the Stone Age with the invention of the umiak and continuing up until the 6th century with clinker built ships like Nydam and Kvalsund. The longship appeared in its complete form between the 9th and 13th centuries. The character and appearance of these ships have been reflected in Scandinavian boat-building traditions until today. The particular skills and methods employed in making longships are still used worldwide, often with modern adaptations. They were all made out of wood, with cloth sails (woven wool) and had numerous details and carvings on the hull.

text: Longships

text: were

text: type

text: of

text: ship

text: invented

text: and

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Norsemen

text: for

text: trade

text: commerce

text: exploration

text: and

text: warfare

text: during

text: the

text: Viking

text: Age

text: The

text: longship

text: 's

text: design

text: evolved

text: over

text: many

text: centuries

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: Stone

text: Age

text: with

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: umiak

text: and

text: continuing

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: with

text: clinker

text: built

text: ships

text: like

text: Nydam

text: and

text: Kvalsund

text: The

text: longship

text: appeared

text: in

text: its

text: complete

text: form

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: The

text: character

text: and

text: appearance

text: of

text: these

text: ships

text: have

text: been

text: reflected

text: in

text: Scandinavian

text: boat

text: building

text: traditions

text: until

text: today

text: The

text: particular

text: skills

text: and

text: methods

text: employed

text: in

text: making

text: longships

text: are

text: still

text: used

text: worldwide

text: often

text: with

text: modern

text: adaptations

text: They

text: were

text: all

text: made

text: out

text: of

text: wood

text: with

text: cloth

text: sails

text: woven

text: wool

text: and

text: had

text: numerous

text: details

text: and

text: carvings

text: on

text: the

text: hull

text: Raud the Strong was a Norse Seiðr priest and seafaring warrior, who resisted conversion to Christianity in the late 10th century AD.

text: Raud

text: the

text: Strong

text: was

text: Norse

text: Seiðr

text: priest

text: and

text: seafaring

text: warrior

text: who

text: resisted

text: conversion

text: to

text: Christianity

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: AD

text: The Viking Age is the period from late 8th century to mid 11th century in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, following the Germanic Iron Age. It is the period of history when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonisation and conquest. In this period, the Norsemen settled in Norse Greenland, Newfoundland, and present-day Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Scotland, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey. Though Viking travellers and colonists were seen at many points in history as brutal raiders, many historical documents suggest that their invasion of other countries was retaliation in response to the encroachment upon tribal lands by Christian missionaries, and perhaps by the Saxon Wars prosecuted by Charlemagne and his kin to the south, or, were motivated by overpopulation, trade inequities, and the lack of viable farmland in their homeland. Information about the Viking Age is drawn largely from what was written about the Vikings by their enemies, and primary sources of archaeology, supplied with secondary sources like the Icelandic Sagas.

text: The

text: Viking

text: Age

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: from

text: late

text: century

text: to

text: mid

text: century

text: in

text: European

text: history

text: especially

text: Northern

text: European

text: and

text: Scandinavian

text: history

text: following

text: the

text: Germanic

text: Iron

text: Age

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: history

text: when

text: Scandinavian

text: Norsemen

text: explored

text: Europe

text: by

text: its

text: seas

text: and

text: rivers

text: for

text: trade

text: raids

text: colonisation

text: and

text: conquest

text: In

text: this

text: period

text: the

text: Norsemen

text: settled

text: in

text: Norse

text: Greenland

text: Newfoundland

text: and

text: present

text: day

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: Iceland

text: Norway

text: Scotland

text: England

text: Ireland

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Germany

text: Ukraine

text: Russia

text: and

text: Turkey

text: Though

text: Viking

text: travellers

text: and

text: colonists

text: were

text: seen

text: at

text: many

text: points

text: in

text: history

text: as

text: brutal

text: raiders

text: many

text: historical

text: documents

text: suggest

text: that

text: their

text: invasion

text: of

text: other

text: countries

text: was

text: retaliation

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: encroachment

text: upon

text: tribal

text: lands

text: by

text: Christian

text: missionaries

text: and

text: perhaps

text: by

text: the

text: Saxon

text: Wars

text: prosecuted

text: by

text: Charlemagne

text: and

text: his

text: kin

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: or

text: were

text: motivated

text: by

text: overpopulation

text: trade

text: inequities

text: and

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: viable

text: farmland

text: in

text: their

text: homeland

text: Information

text: about

text: the

text: Viking

text: Age

text: is

text: drawn

text: largely

text: from

text: what

text: was

text: written

text: about

text: the

text: Vikings

text: by

text: their

text: enemies

text: and

text: primary

text: sources

text: of

text: archaeology

text: supplied

text: with

text: secondary

text: sources

text: like

text: the

text: Icelandic

text: Sagas

text: The umiak, umialak, umiaq, umiac, oomiac, oomiak, ongiuk, or anyak is a type of open skin boat used by both Yupik and Inuit, and was originally found in all coastal areas from Siberia to Greenland. First arising in Thule times, it has traditionally been used in summer to move people and possessions to seasonal hunting grounds and for hunting whales and walrus. Although the umiak was usually propelled by oars (women) or paddles (men), sails--sometimes made from seal intestines--were also used, and in the 20th century, outboard motors.

text: The

text: umiak

text: umialak

text: umiaq

text: umiac

text: oomiac

text: oomiak

text: ongiuk

text: or

text: anyak

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: open

text: skin

text: boat

text: used

text: by

text: both

text: Yupik

text: and

text: Inuit

text: and

text: was

text: originally

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: coastal

text: areas

text: from

text: Siberia

text: to

text: Greenland

text: First

text: arising

text: in

text: Thule

text: times

text: it

text: has

text: traditionally

text: been

text: used

text: in

text: summer

text: to

text: move

text: people

text: and

text: possessions

text: to

text: seasonal

text: hunting

text: grounds

text: and

text: for

text: hunting

text: whales

text: and

text: walrus

text: Although

text: the

text: umiak

text: was

text: usually

text: propelled

text: by

text: oars

text: women

text: or

text: paddles

text: men

text: sails

text: sometimes

text: made

text: from

text: seal

text: intestines

text: were

text: also

text: used

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: outboard

text: motors

text: The Faroe Islands (Irish: "Na Scigirí") are an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic approximately halfway between Norway and Iceland, north-northwest of mainland Scotland. The area is approximately with a 2016 population of 49,188. The islands are an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark.

text: The

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: Irish

text: Scigirí

text: are

text: an

text: archipelago

text: between

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: approximately

text: halfway

text: between

text: Norway

text: and

text: Iceland

text: north

text: northwest

text: of

text: mainland

text: Scotland

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: approximately

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: an

text: autonomous

text: country

text: within

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Denmark

text: In Old Norse, seiðr (sometimes anglicized as "seidhr", "seidh", "seidr", "seithr", "seith", or "seid") was a type of sorcery which was practiced in Norse society during the Late Scandinavian Iron Age. Connected with Norse religion, its origins are largely unknown, although it gradually eroded following the Christianization of Scandinavia. Accounts of "seiðr" later made it into sagas and other literary sources, while further evidence has been unearthed by archaeologists. Various scholars have debated the nature of "seiðr", some arguing that it was shamanic in context, involving visionary journeys by its practitioners.

text: In

text: Old

text: Norse

text: seiðr

text: sometimes

text: anglicized

text: as

text: seidhr

text: seidh

text: seidr

text: seithr

text: seith

text: or

text: seid

text: was

text: type

text: of

text: sorcery

text: which

text: was

text: practiced

text: in

text: Norse

text: society

text: during

text: the

text: Late

text: Scandinavian

text: Iron

text: Age

text: Connected

text: with

text: Norse

text: religion

text: its

text: origins

text: are

text: largely

text: unknown

text: although

text: it

text: gradually

text: eroded

text: following

text: the

text: Christianization

text: of

text: Scandinavia

text: Accounts

text: of

text: seiðr

text: later

text: made

text: it

text: into

text: sagas

text: and

text: other

text: literary

text: sources

text: while

text: further

text: evidence

text: has

text: been

text: unearthed

text: by

text: archaeologists

text: Various

text: scholars

text: have

text: debated

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: seiðr

text: some

text: arguing

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: shamanic

text: in

text: context

text: involving

text: visionary

text: journeys

text: by

text: its

text: practitioners

text: Trøndelag is a geographical region in the central part of Norway, consisting of the two counties Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag. It also formerly also included the county of Jämtland, which is today part of Sweden; it is therefore also known unofficially as Øst-Trøndelag. The districts of Nordmøre and Romsdal, and the municipality of Bindal, were also originally parts of Trøndelag - and the inhabitants there still speak dialects similar to Trøndersk. The region is, together with Møre og Romsdal, part of a larger administrative division called Central Norway.

text: Trøndelag

text: is

text: geographical

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: Norway

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: counties

text: Nord

text: Trøndelag

text: and

text: Sør

text: Trøndelag

text: It

text: also

text: formerly

text: also

text: included

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Jämtland

text: which

text: is

text: today

text: part

text: of

text: Sweden

text: it

text: is

text: therefore

text: also

text: known

text: unofficially

text: as

text: Øst

text: Trøndelag

text: The

text: districts

text: of

text: Nordmøre

text: and

text: Romsdal

text: and

text: the

text: municipality

text: of

text: Bindal

text: were

text: also

text: originally

text: parts

text: of

text: Trøndelag

text: and

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: there

text: still

text: speak

text: dialects

text: similar

text: to

text: Trøndersk

text: The

text: region

text: is

text: together

text: with

text: Møre

text: og

text: Romsdal

text: part

text: of

text: larger

text: administrative

text: division

text: called

text: Central

text: Norway

text: Norway (; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Sami: "Norgga"), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard. The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land. Until 1814, the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands (since 1035), Greenland (1261), and Iceland (1262). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468. It also included the following provinces, now in Sweden: Jämtland, Härjedalen and Bohuslän.

text: Norway

text: Norwegian

text: Bokmål

text: or

text: Nynorsk

text: Sami

text: Norgga

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Norway

text: is

text: sovereign

text: and

text: unitary

text: monarchy

text: whose

text: territory

text: comprises

text: the

text: western

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Scandinavian

text: Peninsula

text: plus

text: the

text: island

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: and

text: the

text: archipelago

text: of

text: Svalbard

text: The

text: Antarctic

text: Peter

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: sub

text: Antarctic

text: Bouvet

text: Island

text: are

text: dependent

text: territories

text: and

text: thus

text: not

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: Norway

text: also

text: lays

text: claim

text: to

text: section

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: known

text: as

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: Until

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: included

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: since

text: Greenland

text: and

text: Iceland

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: Shetland

text: and

text: Orkney

text: until

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: the

text: following

text: provinces

text: now

text: in

text: Sweden

text: Jämtland

text: Härjedalen

text: and

text: Bohuslän

text: Nordland is a county in Norway in the Northern Norway region, bordering Troms in the north, Nord-Trøndelag in the south, Norrbotten County in Sweden to the east, Västerbotten County to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean (Norwegian Sea) to the west. The county was formerly known as "Nordlandene amt". The county administration is in Bodø. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen has been administered from Nordland since 1995.

text: Nordland

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: Norway

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Norway

text: region

text: bordering

text: Troms

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: Nord

text: Trøndelag

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Norrbotten

text: County

text: in

text: Sweden

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Västerbotten

text: County

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: county

text: was

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Nordlandene

text: amt

text: The

text: county

text: administration

text: is

text: in

text: Bodø

text: The

text: remote

text: Arctic

text: island

text: of

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: has

text: been

text: administered

text: from

text: Nordland

text: since

text: Ormurin Langi ("The Long Serpent") is a ballad type song (kvæði) in the Faroe Islands. It was written ca. 1830 by Jens Christian Djurhuus.

text: Ormurin

text: Langi

text: The

text: Long

text: Serpent

text: is

text: ballad

text: type

text: song

text: kvæði

text: in

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: It

text: was

text: written

text: ca

text: by

text: Jens

text: Christian

text: Djurhuus

text: Nord-Trøndelag ("North Trøndelag") is a county constituting the northern part of Trøndelag in Norway. As of January 1, 2014, the county had 135,142 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-least populated county. The largest municipalities are Stjørdal, Steinkjerthe county seat, Levanger, Namsos and Verdal, all with between 21,000 and 12,000 inhabitants. The economy is primarily centered on services, although there are significant industries in agriculture, fisheries, hydroelectricity and forestry. It has the lowest gross domestic product per capita of any county in the country.

text: Nord

text: Trøndelag

text: North

text: Trøndelag

text: is

text: county

text: constituting

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: Trøndelag

text: in

text: Norway

text: As

text: of

text: January

text: the

text: county

text: had

text: inhabitants

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: fourth

text: least

text: populated

text: county

text: The

text: largest

text: municipalities

text: are

text: Stjørdal

text: Steinkjerthe

text: county

text: seat

text: Levanger

text: Namsos

text: and

text: Verdal

text: all

text: with

text: between

text: and

text: inhabitants

text: The

text: economy

text: is

text: primarily

text: centered

text: on

text: services

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: significant

text: industries

text: in

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: hydroelectricity

text: and

text: forestry

text: It

text: has

text: the

text: lowest

text: gross

text: domestic

text: product

text: per

text: capita

text: of

text: any

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Norsemen are the group of people who spoke what is now called the Old Norse language between the 8th and 11th centuries. The language belongs to the North Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages, and is the earlier form of modern Scandinavian languages.

text: Norsemen

text: are

text: the

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: spoke

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: the

text: Old

text: Norse

text: language

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: The

text: language

text: belongs

text: to

text: the

text: North

text: Germanic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: earlier

text: form

text: of

text: modern

text: Scandinavian

text: languages

text: Namdalen is a traditional district in the central part of Norway, consisting of the municipalities Namsos, Grong, Overhalla, Røyrvik, Fosnes, Nærøy, Høylandet, Namdalseid, Flatanger, Lierne, Leka, Namsskogan, and Vikna, all in Nord-Trøndelag county. The district has two towns: Kolvereid and Namsos. The whole district covers about and has about 35,000 residents (2009).

text: Namdalen

text: is

text: traditional

text: district

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: Norway

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: municipalities

text: Namsos

text: Grong

text: Overhalla

text: Røyrvik

text: Fosnes

text: Nærøy

text: Høylandet

text: Namdalseid

text: Flatanger

text: Lierne

text: Leka

text: Namsskogan

text: and

text: Vikna

text: all

text: in

text: Nord

text: Trøndelag

text: county

text: The

text: district

text: has

text: two

text: towns

text: Kolvereid

text: and

text: Namsos

text: The

text: whole

text: district

text: covers

text: about

text: and

text: has

text: about

text: residents

text: Hålogaland was the northernmost of the Norwegian provinces in the medieval Norse sagas. In the early Viking Age, before Harald Fairhair, Hålogaland was a kingdom extending between the Namdalen valley in Nord-Trøndelag county and the Lyngen fjord in Troms county.

text: Hålogaland

text: was

text: the

text: northernmost

text: of

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: provinces

text: in

text: the

text: medieval

text: Norse

text: sagas

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Viking

text: Age

text: before

text: Harald

text: Fairhair

text: Hålogaland

text: was

text: kingdom

text: extending

text: between

text: the

text: Namdalen

text: valley

text: in

text: Nord

text: Trøndelag

text: county

text: and

text: the

text: Lyngen

text: fjord

text: in

text: Troms

text: county

text: Ormr inn Langi in Old Norse ( The Long Serpent ) Ormen Lange in Norwegian , Ormurin Langi in Faroese was one of the most famous of the Viking longships . It was built for the Norwegian King Olav Tryggvason , and was the largest and most powerful longship of its day . In the late 990s King Olav was on a `` Crusade '' around the country to bring Christianity to Norway . When he was traveling north to Hålogaland he came to a petty kingdom in today 's Skjerstad , where the king named Raud the Strong refused to convert to Christianity . A battle ensued , during which Saltstraum , a maelstrom that prevented reinforcements to the king 's men , forced King Olav to flee . He continued up north but returned some weeks later when the maelstrom had subsided . Olav won the battle , captured Raud , and gave him two choices : die or convert . The Sagas say that Olav tried to convert him but Raud cursed the name of Jesus , and the King became so enraged that he stuck a kvanstilk ( a pipe ) down his throat and shoved a snake into it , then a burning iron to force the snake down his throat . The snake ate its way out of the side of the torso of Raud and killed him . After the victory Olav confiscated Raud 's riches , not least of which was Raud 's ship , which he rechristened Ormen ( The Serpent ) . He took it to Trondheim and used it as a design for his own new ship , which he made a couple of `` rooms '' longer than Ormen and named Ormen Lange . The ship reportedly had 34 rooms , i.e. , was built with 34 pairs of oars , for a crew of 68 rowers ( and additional crew members ) . Extrapolating from archeological evidence ( e.g. , the Gokstad ship ) , this would make Ormen Lange nearly 45 meters long . The ship 's sides were unusually high , `` as high as that of a Knarr '' . Ormen Lange was the last ship to be taken in the Battle of Svolder , where Olav was killed ( although his body was never found -- some stories tell of the king jumping into the water either sinking due to the weight of his armour or escaping in the confusion ) by a coalition of his enemies in the year 1000 . Its story is told in a traditional Faroese ballad , or Kvæði , called `` Ormurin Langi '' .

text: Ormr

text: inn

text: Langi

text: in

text: Old

text: Norse

text: The

text: Long

text: Serpent

text: Ormen

text: Lange

text: in

text: Norwegian

text: Ormurin

text: Langi

text: in

text: Faroese

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: of

text: the

text: Viking

text: longships

text: It

text: was

text: built

text: for

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: King

text: Olav

text: Tryggvason

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: powerful

text: longship

text: of

text: its

text: day

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: King

text: Olav

text: was

text: on

text: Crusade

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: bring

text: Christianity

text: to

text: Norway

text: When

text: he

text: was

text: traveling

text: north

text: to

text: Hålogaland

text: he

text: came

text: to

text: petty

text: kingdom

text: in

text: today

text: 's

text: Skjerstad

text: where

text: the

text: king

text: named

text: Raud

text: the

text: Strong

text: refused

text: to

text: convert

text: to

text: Christianity

text: battle

text: ensued

text: during

text: which

text: Saltstraum

text: maelstrom

text: that

text: prevented

text: reinforcements

text: to

text: the

text: king

text: 's

text: men

text: forced

text: King

text: Olav

text: to

text: flee

text: He

text: continued

text: up

text: north

text: but

text: returned

text: some

text: weeks

text: later

text: when

text: the

text: maelstrom

text: had

text: subsided

text: Olav

text: won

text: the

text: battle

text: captured

text: Raud

text: and

text: gave

text: him

text: two

text: choices

text: die

text: or

text: convert

text: The

text: Sagas

text: say

text: that

text: Olav

text: tried

text: to

text: convert

text: him

text: but

text: Raud

text: cursed

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Jesus

text: and

text: the

text: King

text: became

text: so

text: enraged

text: that

text: he

text: stuck

text: kvanstilk

text: pipe

text: down

text: his

text: throat

text: and

text: shoved

text: snake

text: into

text: it

text: then

text: burning

text: iron

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: snake

text: down

text: his

text: throat

text: The

text: snake

text: ate

text: its

text: way

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: torso

text: of

text: Raud

text: and

text: killed

text: him

text: After

text: the

text: victory

text: Olav

text: confiscated

text: Raud

text: 's

text: riches

text: not

text: least

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: Raud

text: 's

text: ship

text: which

text: he

text: rechristened

text: Ormen

text: The

text: Serpent

text: He

text: took

text: it

text: to

text: Trondheim

text: and

text: used

text: it

text: as

text: design

text: for

text: his

text: own

text: new

text: ship

text: which

text: he

text: made

text: couple

text: of

text: rooms

text: longer

text: than

text: Ormen

text: and

text: named

text: Ormen

text: Lange

text: The

text: ship

text: reportedly

text: had

text: rooms

text: i.e.

text: was

text: built

text: with

text: pairs

text: of

text: oars

text: for

text: crew

text: of

text: rowers

text: and

text: additional

text: crew

text: members

text: Extrapolating

text: from

text: archeological

text: evidence

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Gokstad

text: ship

text: this

text: would

text: make

text: Ormen

text: Lange

text: nearly

text: meters

text: long

text: The

text: ship

text: 's

text: sides

text: were

text: unusually

text: high

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: Knarr

text: Ormen

text: Lange

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: ship

text: to

text: be

text: taken

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Svolder

text: where

text: Olav

text: was

text: killed

text: although

text: his

text: body

text: was

text: never

text: found

text: some

text: stories

text: tell

text: of

text: the

text: king

text: jumping

text: into

text: the

text: water

text: either

text: sinking

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: weight

text: of

text: his

text: armour

text: or

text: escaping

text: in

text: the

text: confusion

text: by

text: coalition

text: of

text: his

text: enemies

text: in

text: the

text: year

text: Its

text: story

text: is

text: told

text: in

text: traditional

text: Faroese

text: ballad

text: or

text: Kvæði

text: called

text: Ormurin

text: Langi

text: Troms is a county in Northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean).

text: Troms

text: is

text: county

text: in

text: Northern

text: Norway

text: It

text: borders

text: Finnmark

text: county

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Nordland

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: Norrbotten

text: Län

text: in

text: Sweden

text: is

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: further

text: southeast

text: is

text: shorter

text: border

text: with

text: Lapland

text: Province

text: in

text: Finland

text: To

text: the

text: west

text: is

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: Sea

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Skjerstad (jæ`a) is a village and a former municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The municipality originally encompassed area on the northern and southern shores in the central part of the large Skjerstad Fjord. The small village of Skjerstad sits at the mouth of the Misværfjorden, where it joins Skjerstad Fjord. The village is also the location of Skjerstad Church.

text: Skjerstad

text: jæ`a

text: is

text: village

text: and

text: former

text: municipality

text: in

text: Nordland

text: county

text: Norway

text: The

text: municipality

text: originally

text: encompassed

text: area

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: and

text: southern

text: shores

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: large

text: Skjerstad

text: Fjord

text: The

text: small

text: village

text: of

text: Skjerstad

text: sits

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Misværfjorden

text: where

text: it

text: joins

text: Skjerstad

text: Fjord

text: The

text: village

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: Skjerstad

text: Church

text: Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, who serves as the focal point for the religion. It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.

text: Christianity

text: is

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: who

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: focal

text: point

text: for

text: the

text: religion

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: religion

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Christians

text: Christians

text: believe

text: that

text: Jesus

text: is

text: the

text: Son

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: the

text: savior

text: of

text: humanity

text: whose

text: coming

text: as

text: the

text: Messiah

text: the

text: Christ

text: was

text: prophesied

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

question: instance_of ormen lange

answer: boat

text: boat

text: boat


text: The AKM ("Avtomat Kalashnikova Modernizirovanniy" or "Kalashnikov modernized automatic rifle") is a 7.62mm assault rifle designed by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is a common modernized variant of the AK-47 rifle developed in the 1940s.

text: The

text: AKM

text: Avtomat

text: Kalashnikova

text: Modernizirovanniy

text: or

text: Kalashnikov

text: modernized

text: automatic

text: rifle

text: is

text: mm

text: assault

text: rifle

text: designed

text: by

text: Mikhail

text: Kalashnikov

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: modernized

text: variant

text: of

text: the

text: rifle

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: The AK - 102 assault rifle is a shortened carbine version of the AK - 101 rifle , which in turn was derived from the original AK - 47 design and its AK - 74 successor . The AK - 102 , AK - 104 , and AK - 105 are very similar in design , the only difference being the caliber and corresponding magazine type . The AK - 102 is an export version chambered to fire 5.56 × 45mm NATO ammunition . Compared to the AK - 101 and AK - 103 , which are full - size rifles of similar design , the AK - 102 , 104 , and 105 feature shortened barrels that make them a middle ground between a full rifle and the more compact AKS - 74U . Whereas the AK - 10x rifles have longer barrels , full - length gas pistons , and solid , side - folding polymer stocks , the AKS - 74U is shorter , and features a skeleton stock . The rifle 's receiver is made of stamped steel . The magazine is lighter , and more durable than older models , being made out of reinforced fiberglass . The butt stock is made of plastic , making it lighter , more durable , and it is hollow , allowing a field kit to be stored in side of it . The AK - 102 uses an adjustable notched rear tangent iron sight calibrated in 100 m ( 109 yd ) increments from 100 to 500 m ( 109 to 547 yd ) . The front sight is a post adjustable for elevation in the field . Horizontal adjustment is done by the factory or armory before issue . The AK - 102 has a muzzle booster derived form the AKS - 74U . The 100 - series AKs are produced by the Izhmash factories in Izhevsk , Russia .

text: The

text: AK

text: assault

text: rifle

text: is

text: shortened

text: carbine

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: AK

text: rifle

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: was

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: AK

text: design

text: and

text: its

text: AK

text: successor

text: The

text: AK

text: AK

text: and

text: AK

text: are

text: very

text: similar

text: in

text: design

text: the

text: only

text: difference

text: being

text: the

text: caliber

text: and

text: corresponding

text: magazine

text: type

text: The

text: AK

text: is

text: an

text: export

text: version

text: chambered

text: to

text: fire

text: mm

text: NATO

text: ammunition

text: Compared

text: to

text: the

text: AK

text: and

text: AK

text: which

text: are

text: full

text: size

text: rifles

text: of

text: similar

text: design

text: the

text: AK

text: and

text: feature

text: shortened

text: barrels

text: that

text: make

text: them

text: middle

text: ground

text: between

text: full

text: rifle

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: compact

text: AKS

text: Whereas

text: the

text: AK

text: rifles

text: have

text: longer

text: barrels

text: full

text: length

text: gas

text: pistons

text: and

text: solid

text: side

text: folding

text: polymer

text: stocks

text: the

text: AKS

text: is

text: shorter

text: and

text: features

text: skeleton

text: stock

text: The

text: rifle

text: 's

text: receiver

text: is

text: made

text: of

text: stamped

text: steel

text: The

text: magazine

text: is

text: lighter

text: and

text: more

text: durable

text: than

text: older

text: models

text: being

text: made

text: out

text: of

text: reinforced

text: fiberglass

text: The

text: butt

text: stock

text: is

text: made

text: of

text: plastic

text: making

text: it

text: lighter

text: more

text: durable

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: hollow

text: allowing

text: field

text: kit

text: to

text: be

text: stored

text: in

text: side

text: of

text: it

text: The

text: AK

text: uses

text: an

text: adjustable

text: notched

text: rear

text: tangent

text: iron

text: sight

text: calibrated

text: in

text: yd

text: increments

text: from

text: to

text: to

text: yd

text: The

text: front

text: sight

text: is

text: post

text: adjustable

text: for

text: elevation

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: Horizontal

text: adjustment

text: is

text: done

text: by

text: the

text: factory

text: or

text: armory

text: before

text: issue

text: The

text: AK

text: has

text: muzzle

text: booster

text: derived

text: form

text: the

text: AKS

text: The

text: series

text: AKs

text: are

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: Izhmash

text: factories

text: in

text: Izhevsk

text: Russia

text: The AK-47, or AK as it is officially known (also known as the Kalashnikov) is a selective-fire (semi-automatic and automatic), gas-operated 7.62×39 mm assault rifle, developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is officially known in the Soviet documentation as "Avtomat Kalashnikova".

text: The

text: or

text: AK

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: officially

text: known

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kalashnikov

text: is

text: selective

text: fire

text: semi

text: automatic

text: and

text: automatic

text: gas

text: operated

text: mm

text: assault

text: rifle

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: by

text: Mikhail

text: Kalashnikov

text: It

text: is

text: officially

text: known

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: documentation

text: as

text: Avtomat

text: Kalashnikova

text: The AK-105 is a shortened carbine version of the AK-74M rifle, which in turn was derived from the original AK-47 design and its AK-74 successor. The AK-102, AK-104, and AK-105 are very similar in design, the only difference being the caliber and corresponding magazine type. The AK-105 is chambered to fire 5.45×39mm ammunition. The AK-105 is supplementing AKS-74U carbines in Russian Army service since 2001.

text: The

text: is

text: shortened

text: carbine

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: rifle

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: was

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: design

text: and

text: its

text: successor

text: The

text: and

text: are

text: very

text: similar

text: in

text: design

text: the

text: only

text: difference

text: being

text: the

text: caliber

text: and

text: corresponding

text: magazine

text: type

text: The

text: is

text: chambered

text: to

text: fire

text: mm

text: ammunition

text: The

text: is

text: supplementing

text: carbines

text: in

text: Russian

text: Army

text: service

text: since

text: The 5.56×45mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 5.56 NATO) is an intermediate cartridge developed in the United States and originally chambered in the M16 rifle. Under STANAG 4172, it is a standard cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries. It is derived from, but is not identical to, the .223 Remington cartridge.

text: The

text: mm

text: NATO

text: official

text: NATO

text: nomenclature

text: NATO

text: is

text: an

text: intermediate

text: cartridge

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: originally

text: chambered

text: in

text: the

text: rifle

text: Under

text: STANAG

text: it

text: is

text: standard

text: cartridge

text: for

text: NATO

text: forces

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: non

text: NATO

text: countries

text: It

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: but

text: is

text: not

text: identical

text: to

text: the

text: Remington

text: cartridge

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: An intermediate cartridge is a rifle/carbine cartridge that is less powerful than typical full-power battle rifle cartridges, such as the .303 British, 7.62×54mmR, 7.92×57mm Mauser or .30-06 Springfield, but still has significantly longer effective range than pistol cartridges. As their recoil is significantly reduced compared to high power rifle cartridges, fully automatic rifles firing intermediate cartridges are relatively easy to control. However, even though less powerful than a traditional rifle cartridge, the ballistics are still sufficient for an effective range of , which are the maximum typical engagement ranges in modern combat. This allowed for the development of the assault rifle, a selective fire weapon that is more compact and lighter than rifles that fire full power cartridges. The first intermediate cartridge to see widespread service was the German 7.92×33mm Kurz used in the StG 44. Other notable examples include the Soviet 7.62×39mm used in the AK-47 and AKM series, and the American 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge first used in the M16.

text: An

text: intermediate

text: cartridge

text: is

text: rifle

text: carbine

text: cartridge

text: that

text: is

text: less

text: powerful

text: than

text: typical

text: full

text: power

text: battle

text: rifle

text: cartridges

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: British

text: mm

text: Mauser

text: or

text: Springfield

text: but

text: still

text: has

text: significantly

text: longer

text: effective

text: range

text: than

text: pistol

text: cartridges

text: As

text: their

text: recoil

text: is

text: significantly

text: reduced

text: compared

text: to

text: high

text: power

text: rifle

text: cartridges

text: fully

text: automatic

text: rifles

text: firing

text: intermediate

text: cartridges

text: are

text: relatively

text: easy

text: to

text: control

text: However

text: even

text: though

text: less

text: powerful

text: than

text: traditional

text: rifle

text: cartridge

text: the

text: ballistics

text: are

text: still

text: sufficient

text: for

text: an

text: effective

text: range

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: maximum

text: typical

text: engagement

text: ranges

text: in

text: modern

text: combat

text: This

text: allowed

text: for

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: assault

text: rifle

text: selective

text: fire

text: weapon

text: that

text: is

text: more

text: compact

text: and

text: lighter

text: than

text: rifles

text: that

text: fire

text: full

text: power

text: cartridges

text: The

text: first

text: intermediate

text: cartridge

text: to

text: see

text: widespread

text: service

text: was

text: the

text: German

text: mm

text: Kurz

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: StG

text: Other

text: notable

text: examples

text: include

text: the

text: Soviet

text: mm

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: AKM

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: mm

text: NATO

text: cartridge

text: first

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: The AK-74 (Russian: or "Kalashnikov automatic rifle model 1974") is an assault rifle developed in the early 1970s by Russian designer Mikhail Kalashnikov as the replacement for the earlier AKM (itself a refined version of the AK-47). It uses a smaller 5.45×39mm cartridge, replacing the 7.62×39mm chambering of earlier Kalashnikov-pattern weapons.

text: The

text: Russian

text: or

text: Kalashnikov

text: automatic

text: rifle

text: model

text: is

text: an

text: assault

text: rifle

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: by

text: Russian

text: designer

text: Mikhail

text: Kalashnikov

text: as

text: the

text: replacement

text: for

text: the

text: earlier

text: AKM

text: itself

text: refined

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: It

text: uses

text: smaller

text: mm

text: cartridge

text: replacing

text: the

text: mm

text: chambering

text: of

text: earlier

text: Kalashnikov

text: pattern

text: weapons

annotations: likely multiple

question: designer ak-102

answer: mikhail kalashnikov

text: mikhail kalashnikov

text: mikhail kalashnikov

text: mikhail kalashnikov


text: Surfer Rosa is the first full-length album by the American alternative rock band Pixies, released in March 1988 on the British independent record label 4AD. The album's unusual and offbeat subject matter includes references to mutilation and voyeurism; this is augmented by experimental recording techniques and a distinctive drum sound. "Surfer Rosa" contains many of the elements present in Pixies' earlier output, including Spanish lyrics and references to Puerto Rico.

text: Surfer

text: Rosa

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: full

text: length

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Pixies

text: released

text: in

text: March

text: on

text: the

text: British

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: The

text: album

text: 's

text: unusual

text: and

text: offbeat

text: subject

text: matter

text: includes

text: references

text: to

text: mutilation

text: and

text: voyeurism

text: this

text: is

text: augmented

text: by

text: experimental

text: recording

text: techniques

text: and

text: distinctive

text: drum

text: sound

text: Surfer

text: Rosa

text: contains

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: present

text: in

text: Pixies

text: earlier

text: output

text: including

text: Spanish

text: lyrics

text: and

text: references

text: to

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word "alternative" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music. The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, D.I.Y. ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music. At times, "alternative" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).

text: Alternative

text: rock

text: also

text: called

text: alternative

text: music

text: alt

text: rock

text: or

text: simply

text: alternative

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: independent

text: music

text: underground

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: became

text: widely

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: In

text: this

text: instance

text: the

text: word

text: alternative

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: genre

text: 's

text: distinction

text: from

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: music

text: The

text: term

text: 's

text: original

text: meaning

text: was

text: broader

text: referring

text: to

text: generation

text: of

text: musicians

text: unified

text: by

text: their

text: collective

text: debt

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: musical

text: style

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: independent

text: D.I.Y.

text: ethos

text: of

text: punk

text: rock

text: which

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: laid

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: alternative

text: music

text: At

text: times

text: alternative

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: as

text: catch

text: all

text: description

text: for

text: music

text: from

text: underground

text: rock

text: artists

text: that

text: receives

text: mainstream

text: recognition

text: or

text: for

text: any

text: music

text: whether

text: rock

text: or

text: not

text: that

text: is

text: seen

text: to

text: be

text: descended

text: from

text: punk

text: rock

text: including

text: some

text: examples

text: of

text: punk

text: itself

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: new

text: wave

text: and

text: post

text: punk

text: `` Cactus '' is a song by the American alternative rock band Pixies , and is the eighth track on their 1988 album Surfer Rosa . It was written and sung by the band 's frontman Black Francis and produced by Steve Albini .

text: Cactus

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Pixies

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: track

text: on

text: their

text: album

text: Surfer

text: Rosa

text: It

text: was

text: written

text: and

text: sung

text: by

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: frontman

text: Black

text: Francis

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: Steve

text: Albini

text: Independent music (often shortened to indie music or indie) is music produced independently from major commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing. The term "indie" is sometimes also used to describe a genre (such as indie rock and indie pop); as a genre term, "indie" may include music that is not independently produced, and most independent music artists do not fall into a single, defined musical style or genre, and usually create music that can be categorized into other genres.

text: Independent

text: music

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: indie

text: music

text: or

text: indie

text: is

text: music

text: produced

text: independently

text: from

text: major

text: commercial

text: record

text: labels

text: or

text: their

text: subsidiaries

text: process

text: that

text: may

text: include

text: an

text: autonomous

text: do

text: it

text: yourself

text: approach

text: to

text: recording

text: and

text: publishing

text: The

text: term

text: indie

text: is

text: sometimes

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: genre

text: such

text: as

text: indie

text: rock

text: and

text: indie

text: pop

text: as

text: genre

text: term

text: indie

text: may

text: include

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: independently

text: produced

text: and

text: most

text: independent

text: music

text: artists

text: do

text: not

text: fall

text: into

text: single

text: defined

text: musical

text: style

text: or

text: genre

text: and

text: usually

text: create

text: music

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: categorized

text: into

text: other

text: genres

text: 4AD is a British independent record label that was started in 1980 by Ivo Watts-Russell and Peter Kent, originally funded by Beggars Banquet.

text: is

text: British

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: that

text: was

text: started

text: in

text: by

text: Ivo

text: Watts

text: Russell

text: and

text: Peter

text: Kent

text: originally

text: funded

text: by

text: Beggars

text: Banquet

text: Punk rock (or simply "punk") is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid 1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as "proto-punk" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. Punk bands typically use short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels.

text: Punk

text: rock

text: or

text: simply

text: punk

text: is

text: rock

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: mid

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Australia

text: Rooted

text: in

text: garage

text: rock

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: proto

text: punk

text: music

text: punk

text: rock

text: bands

text: rejected

text: perceived

text: excesses

text: of

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: Punk

text: bands

text: typically

text: use

text: short

text: or

text: fast

text: paced

text: songs

text: with

text: hard

text: edged

text: melodies

text: and

text: singing

text: styles

text: stripped

text: down

text: instrumentation

text: and

text: often

text: political

text: anti

text: establishment

text: lyrics

text: Punk

text: embraces

text: DIY

text: ethic

text: many

text: bands

text: self

text: produce

text: recordings

text: and

text: distribute

text: them

text: through

text: informal

text: channels

text: A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process. The roles of a producer vary. He or she may gather musical ideas for the project, collaborate with the artists to select cover tunes or original songs by the artist/group, work with artists and help them to improve their songs, lyrics or arrangements.

text: record

text: producer

text: or

text: music

text: producer

text: oversees

text: and

text: manages

text: the

text: sound

text: recording

text: and

text: production

text: of

text: band

text: or

text: performer

text: 's

text: music

text: which

text: may

text: range

text: from

text: recording

text: one

text: song

text: to

text: recording

text: lengthy

text: concept

text: album

text: producer

text: has

text: many

text: roles

text: during

text: the

text: recording

text: process

text: The

text: roles

text: of

text: producer

text: vary

text: He

text: or

text: she

text: may

text: gather

text: musical

text: ideas

text: for

text: the

text: project

text: collaborate

text: with

text: the

text: artists

text: to

text: select

text: cover

text: tunes

text: or

text: original

text: songs

text: by

text: the

text: artist

text: group

text: work

text: with

text: artists

text: and

text: help

text: them

text: to

text: improve

text: their

text: songs

text: lyrics

text: or

text: arrangements

text: Charles Michael Kittridge Thompson IV (born April 6, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. He is best known as the frontman of the influential alternative rock band Pixies, with whom he performs under the stage name Black Francis. Following the band's breakup in 1993, he embarked on a solo career under the name Frank Black. After releasing two albums with record label 4AD and one with American Recordings, he left the label and formed a new band, Frank Black and the Catholics. He re-adopted the name Black Francis in 2007.

text: Charles

text: Michael

text: Kittridge

text: Thompson

text: IV

text: born

text: April

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: guitarist

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: frontman

text: of

text: the

text: influential

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Pixies

text: with

text: whom

text: he

text: performs

text: under

text: the

text: stage

text: name

text: Black

text: Francis

text: Following

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: breakup

text: in

text: he

text: embarked

text: on

text: solo

text: career

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Frank

text: Black

text: After

text: releasing

text: two

text: albums

text: with

text: record

text: label

text: and

text: one

text: with

text: American

text: Recordings

text: he

text: left

text: the

text: label

text: and

text: formed

text: new

text: band

text: Frank

text: Black

text: and

text: the

text: Catholics

text: He

text: re

text: adopted

text: the

text: name

text: Black

text: Francis

text: in

text: Paz Lenchantin (born December 12, 1973) is an Argentine American musician. She has been the bass guitarist, vocalist and violinist of the alternative rock band Pixies since 2014. She is known for playing bass or strings with various bands, including Entrance, A Perfect Circle, Zwan, and Queens of the Stone Age.

text: Paz

text: Lenchantin

text: born

text: December

text: is

text: an

text: Argentine

text: American

text: musician

text: She

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: bass

text: guitarist

text: vocalist

text: and

text: violinist

text: of

text: the

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Pixies

text: since

text: She

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: playing

text: bass

text: or

text: strings

text: with

text: various

text: bands

text: including

text: Entrance

text: Perfect

text: Circle

text: Zwan

text: and

text: Queens

text: of

text: the

text: Stone

text: Age

text: Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.

text: Rock

text: music

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: as

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: developed

text: into

text: range

text: of

text: different

text: styles

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: later

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: has

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: itself

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: blues

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: country

text: music

text: Rock

text: music

text: also

text: drew

text: strongly

text: on

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: genres

text: such

text: as

text: electric

text: blues

text: and

text: folk

text: and

text: incorporated

text: influences

text: from

text: jazz

text: classical

text: and

text: other

text: musical

text: sources

text: Post-punk (originally "new musick") is a broad type of rock music that emerged from the punk movement of the 1970s, in which artists departed from punk rock's raw, accessible style to pursue a variety of avant-garde sensibilities. Attempting to break from rock tradition, post-punk artists experimented with sources such as electronic music, black dance music and the avant-garde, as well as novel recording technology and production techniques. The movement also saw the frequent intersection of music with art and politics, as artists incorporated ideas from sources such as modernist literature, critical theory, cinema, and performance art. Accompanying these musical developments were communities that produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines in conjunction with the music.

text: Post

text: punk

text: originally

text: new

text: musick

text: is

text: broad

text: type

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: punk

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: in

text: which

text: artists

text: departed

text: from

text: punk

text: rock

text: 's

text: raw

text: accessible

text: style

text: to

text: pursue

text: variety

text: of

text: avant

text: garde

text: sensibilities

text: Attempting

text: to

text: break

text: from

text: rock

text: tradition

text: post

text: punk

text: artists

text: experimented

text: with

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: electronic

text: music

text: black

text: dance

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: avant

text: garde

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: novel

text: recording

text: technology

text: and

text: production

text: techniques

text: The

text: movement

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: frequent

text: intersection

text: of

text: music

text: with

text: art

text: and

text: politics

text: as

text: artists

text: incorporated

text: ideas

text: from

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: modernist

text: literature

text: critical

text: theory

text: cinema

text: and

text: performance

text: art

text: Accompanying

text: these

text: musical

text: developments

text: were

text: communities

text: that

text: produced

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

text: visual

text: art

text: multimedia

text: performances

text: and

text: fanzines

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: music

text: Steven Frank "Steve" Albini (pronounced ; born July 22, 1962) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer, audio engineer and music journalist. He was a member of Big Black, Rapeman and Flour, and is a member of Shellac. He is the founder, owner and principal engineer of Electrical Audio, a recording studio complex located in Chicago. In March 2004, Albini said that the number of albums he had worked on was "probably as many as 1500."

text: Steven

text: Frank

text: Steve

text: Albini

text: pronounced

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: musician

text: record

text: producer

text: audio

text: engineer

text: and

text: music

text: journalist

text: He

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: Big

text: Black

text: Rapeman

text: and

text: Flour

text: and

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: Shellac

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: founder

text: owner

text: and

text: principal

text: engineer

text: of

text: Electrical

text: Audio

text: recording

text: studio

text: complex

text: located

text: in

text: Chicago

text: In

text: March

text: Albini

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: albums

text: he

text: had

text: worked

text: on

text: was

text: probably

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: Electrical Audio is a recording facility founded in Chicago, Illinois by musician and recording engineer Steve Albini in 1997. Hundreds of independent music projects have been recorded there.

text: Electrical

text: Audio

text: is

text: recording

text: facility

text: founded

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: by

text: musician

text: and

text: recording

text: engineer

text: Steve

text: Albini

text: in

text: Hundreds

text: of

text: independent

text: music

text: projects

text: have

text: been

text: recorded

text: there

text: The Pixies are an American alternative rock band formed in 1986 in Boston, Massachusetts. Until 2013, the band comprised Black Francis (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Joey Santiago (lead guitar), Kim Deal (bass, vocals) and David Lovering (drums). The band disbanded acrimoniously in 1993, but reunited in 2004. Deal left in 2013 and was replaced by Kim Shattuck and then Paz Lenchantin.

text: The

text: Pixies

text: are

text: an

text: American

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: in

text: Boston

text: Massachusetts

text: Until

text: the

text: band

text: comprised

text: Black

text: Francis

text: lead

text: vocals

text: rhythm

text: guitar

text: Joey

text: Santiago

text: lead

text: guitar

text: Kim

text: Deal

text: bass

text: vocals

text: and

text: David

text: Lovering

text: drums

text: The

text: band

text: disbanded

text: acrimoniously

text: in

text: but

text: reunited

text: in

text: Deal

text: left

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: Kim

text: Shattuck

text: and

text: then

text: Paz

text: Lenchantin

question: record_label cactus

answer: 4ad


text: Six Flags Entertainment Corporation, or simply Six Flags, is an amusement park corporation based in the United States, with properties in the US, Canada, and Mexico. It is the largest amusement park company based on the number of properties it owns, and the fifth-most popular in terms of attendance. The company maintains 18 properties throughout North America consisting of theme parks, thrill parks, water parks, and family entertainment centers. In 2009, Six Flags properties hosted 23.9 million guests.

text: Six

text: Flags

text: Entertainment

text: Corporation

text: or

text: simply

text: Six

text: Flags

text: is

text: an

text: amusement

text: park

text: corporation

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: properties

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: Canada

text: and

text: Mexico

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: amusement

text: park

text: company

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: properties

text: it

text: owns

text: and

text: the

text: fifth

text: most

text: popular

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: attendance

text: The

text: company

text: maintains

text: properties

text: throughout

text: North

text: America

text: consisting

text: of

text: theme

text: parks

text: thrill

text: parks

text: water

text: parks

text: and

text: family

text: entertainment

text: centers

text: In

text: Six

text: Flags

text: properties

text: hosted

text: million

text: guests

text: Engineers design materials, structures, and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost. The word "engineer ("from the Latin "ingeniator"")" is derived from the Latin words "ingeniare" ("to contrive, devise") and "ingenium" ("cleverness"). The foundation education of an engineer is typically a 4-year bachelor's degree or in some countries, a master's degree in an engineering discipline plus 46 years peer-reviewed professional practice culminating in a project report or thesis. Engineers who seek a professional engineer license in N. America will be required to take further exams in ethics, law and professional practice.

text: Engineers

text: design

text: materials

text: structures

text: and

text: systems

text: while

text: considering

text: the

text: limitations

text: imposed

text: by

text: practicality

text: regulation

text: safety

text: and

text: cost

text: The

text: word

text: engineer

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: ingeniator

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: words

text: ingeniare

text: to

text: contrive

text: devise

text: and

text: ingenium

text: cleverness

text: The

text: foundation

text: education

text: of

text: an

text: engineer

text: is

text: typically

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degree

text: or

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: master

text: 's

text: degree

text: in

text: an

text: engineering

text: discipline

text: plus

text: years

text: peer

text: reviewed

text: professional

text: practice

text: culminating

text: in

text: project

text: report

text: or

text: thesis

text: Engineers

text: who

text: seek

text: professional

text: engineer

text: license

text: in

text: America

text: will

text: be

text: required

text: to

text: take

text: further

text: exams

text: in

text: ethics

text: law

text: and

text: professional

text: practice

text: Six Flags St. Louis, originally known as Six Flags Over Mid-America, is a theme park located in Eureka, Missouri, a suburb within southwestern Greater St. Louis. The park is located within the far northeastern portion of the Ozark Plateau, 34 miles southwest of downtown St. Louis, Missouri. The park opened on June 5, 1971. It was the third of only three company start-up parks created by the Six Flags chain. The other two parks built from the ground up were Six Flags over Texas and Six Flags over Georgia. Unlike the other two parks, which are currently managed but are no longer owned by Six Flags, Six Flags St. Louis is still completely owned and operated by the Six Flags corporation. The park branded itself as 'The Coaster Capital of Missouri' in 2013. Admission to Six Flags St. Louis also includes free admission to Hurricane Harbor.

text: Six

text: Flags

text: St.

text: Louis

text: originally

text: known

text: as

text: Six

text: Flags

text: Over

text: Mid

text: America

text: is

text: theme

text: park

text: located

text: in

text: Eureka

text: Missouri

text: suburb

text: within

text: southwestern

text: Greater

text: St.

text: Louis

text: The

text: park

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: far

text: northeastern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Ozark

text: Plateau

text: miles

text: southwest

text: of

text: downtown

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: The

text: park

text: opened

text: on

text: June

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: third

text: of

text: only

text: three

text: company

text: start

text: up

text: parks

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: Six

text: Flags

text: chain

text: The

text: other

text: two

text: parks

text: built

text: from

text: the

text: ground

text: up

text: were

text: Six

text: Flags

text: over

text: Texas

text: and

text: Six

text: Flags

text: over

text: Georgia

text: Unlike

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: parks

text: which

text: are

text: currently

text: managed

text: but

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: owned

text: by

text: Six

text: Flags

text: Six

text: Flags

text: St.

text: Louis

text: is

text: still

text: completely

text: owned

text: and

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: Six

text: Flags

text: corporation

text: The

text: park

text: branded

text: itself

text: as

text: The

text: Coaster

text: Capital

text: of

text: Missouri

text: in

text: Admission

text: to

text: Six

text: Flags

text: St.

text: Louis

text: also

text: includes

text: free

text: admission

text: to

text: Hurricane

text: Harbor

text: "Six flags over Texas" is the slogan used to describe the six countries that have had sovereignty over some or all of the current territory of the U.S. state of Texas: Spain (15191685; 16901821), France (16851690), Mexico (18211836), the Republic of Texas (18361845), the Confederate States of America (18611865), and the United States of America (18451861; 1865present). This slogan has been incorporated into shopping malls, theme parks (Six Flags), and other enterprises. The six flags are also shown on the reverse of the Seal of Texas.

text: Six

text: flags

text: over

text: Texas

text: is

text: the

text: slogan

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: six

text: countries

text: that

text: have

text: had

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Texas

text: Spain

text: France

text: Mexico

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Texas

text: the

text: Confederate

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: This

text: slogan

text: has

text: been

text: incorporated

text: into

text: shopping

text: malls

text: theme

text: parks

text: Six

text: Flags

text: and

text: other

text: enterprises

text: The

text: six

text: flags

text: are

text: also

text: shown

text: on

text: the

text: reverse

text: of

text: the

text: Seal

text: of

text: Texas

text: Eureka is a city located in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States between the cities of St. Louis and Pacific along Interstate 44. It is a portion of the Greater St. Louis metro area. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 10,189. Since 1971, Eureka has been known as the home of the amusement park Six Flags St. Louis (formerly Six Flags Over Mid-America).

text: Eureka

text: is

text: city

text: located

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: County

text: Missouri

text: United

text: States

text: between

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: and

text: Pacific

text: along

text: Interstate

text: It

text: is

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: St.

text: Louis

text: metro

text: area

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: Since

text: Eureka

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: amusement

text: park

text: Six

text: Flags

text: St.

text: Louis

text: formerly

text: Six

text: Flags

text: Over

text: Mid

text: America

text: A roller coaster is an amusement ride developed for amusement parks and modern theme parks. LaMarcus Adna Thompson obtained a patent regarding roller coasters on January 20, 1885, which were made out of wood, but this patent is considerably later than the "Russian mountains" described below. In essence a specialized railroad system, a roller coaster consists of a track that rises in designed patterns, sometimes with one or more "inversions" (such as vertical loops) that briefly turn the rider upside down. The track does not necessarily have to be a complete circuit, as shuttle roller coasters demonstrate. Most roller coasters have multiple cars in which passengers sit and are restrained. Two or more cars hooked together are called a train. Some roller coasters, notably wild mouse roller coasters, run with single cars.

text: roller

text: coaster

text: is

text: an

text: amusement

text: ride

text: developed

text: for

text: amusement

text: parks

text: and

text: modern

text: theme

text: parks

text: LaMarcus

text: Adna

text: Thompson

text: obtained

text: patent

text: regarding

text: roller

text: coasters

text: on

text: January

text: which

text: were

text: made

text: out

text: of

text: wood

text: but

text: this

text: patent

text: is

text: considerably

text: later

text: than

text: the

text: Russian

text: mountains

text: described

text: below

text: In

text: essence

text: specialized

text: railroad

text: system

text: roller

text: coaster

text: consists

text: of

text: track

text: that

text: rises

text: in

text: designed

text: patterns

text: sometimes

text: with

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: inversions

text: such

text: as

text: vertical

text: loops

text: that

text: briefly

text: turn

text: the

text: rider

text: upside

text: down

text: The

text: track

text: does

text: not

text: necessarily

text: have

text: to

text: be

text: complete

text: circuit

text: as

text: shuttle

text: roller

text: coasters

text: demonstrate

text: Most

text: roller

text: coasters

text: have

text: multiple

text: cars

text: in

text: which

text: passengers

text: sit

text: and

text: are

text: restrained

text: Two

text: or

text: more

text: cars

text: hooked

text: together

text: are

text: called

text: train

text: Some

text: roller

text: coasters

text: notably

text: wild

text: mouse

text: roller

text: coasters

text: run

text: with

text: single

text: cars

text: A travelling funfair, often simply called a fair, is a small to medium-sized travelling show primarily composed of stalls and other amusements.

text: travelling

text: funfair

text: often

text: simply

text: called

text: fair

text: is

text: small

text: to

text: medium

text: sized

text: travelling

text: show

text: primarily

text: composed

text: of

text: stalls

text: and

text: other

text: amusements

text: Six Flags Over Georgia is a theme park located west of Atlanta in Cobb County, Georgia, United States. Featuring characters and themes from a variety of Warner Bros. properties such as "Looney Tunes" and DC Comics, the park opened to the public in 1967 as the second of three theme parks built by Six Flags. It features eleven roller coasters, including top-ranked Mind Bender and Goliath that have been recognized annually by "Amusement Today", and over 30 other rides, shows, and attractions. Hurricane Harbor, a water park included in the price of admission to the amusement park, was added in 2014.

text: Six

text: Flags

text: Over

text: Georgia

text: is

text: theme

text: park

text: located

text: west

text: of

text: Atlanta

text: in

text: Cobb

text: County

text: Georgia

text: United

text: States

text: Featuring

text: characters

text: and

text: themes

text: from

text: variety

text: of

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: properties

text: such

text: as

text: Looney

text: Tunes

text: and

text: DC

text: Comics

text: the

text: park

text: opened

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: of

text: three

text: theme

text: parks

text: built

text: by

text: Six

text: Flags

text: It

text: features

text: eleven

text: roller

text: coasters

text: including

text: top

text: ranked

text: Mind

text: Bender

text: and

text: Goliath

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: recognized

text: annually

text: by

text: Amusement

text: Today

text: and

text: over

text: other

text: rides

text: shows

text: and

text: attractions

text: Hurricane

text: Harbor

text: water

text: park

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: admission

text: to

text: the

text: amusement

text: park

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: Six Flags AstroWorld was a seasonally operated theme park located on approximately of land (later expanded to over ) between Kirby Drive and Fannin Avenue, directly south of Loop 610 in Houston, Texas. Opening on June 1, 1968, it was originally developed and constructed as part of the Astrodomain, the brainchild of local philanthropist and former Houston mayor Judge Roy Hofheinz, who intended it to complement The Astrodome.

text: Six

text: Flags

text: AstroWorld

text: was

text: seasonally

text: operated

text: theme

text: park

text: located

text: on

text: approximately

text: of

text: land

text: later

text: expanded

text: to

text: over

text: between

text: Kirby

text: Drive

text: and

text: Fannin

text: Avenue

text: directly

text: south

text: of

text: Loop

text: in

text: Houston

text: Texas

text: Opening

text: on

text: June

text: it

text: was

text: originally

text: developed

text: and

text: constructed

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Astrodomain

text: the

text: brainchild

text: of

text: local

text: philanthropist

text: and

text: former

text: Houston

text: mayor

text: Judge

text: Roy

text: Hofheinz

text: who

text: intended

text: it

text: to

text: complement

text: The

text: Astrodome

text: Anton Schwarzkopf (8 July 1924  30 July 2001) was a German engineer of amusement rides, and founder of the Schwarzkopf Industries Company, which built numerous amusement rides and large roller coasters for both amusement parks and travelling funfairs.

text: Anton

text: Schwarzkopf

text: July

text: July

text: was

text: German

text: engineer

text: of

text: amusement

text: rides

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Schwarzkopf

text: Industries

text: Company

text: which

text: built

text: numerous

text: amusement

text: rides

text: and

text: large

text: roller

text: coasters

text: for

text: both

text: amusement

text: parks

text: and

text: travelling

text: funfairs

text: St. Louis is an independent city and major U.S. port in the State of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, on the border with Illinois. The city has an estimated 2015 population of 315,685, and is the cultural and economic center of the Greater St. Louis area (home to 2,916,447 people), making it the largest metropolitan area in Missouri and the 19th-largest in the United States.

text: St.

text: Louis

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: city

text: and

text: major

text: U.S.

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Missouri

text: built

text: along

text: the

text: western

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Illinois

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: economic

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: St.

text: Louis

text: area

text: home

text: to

text: people

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Missouri

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Greater St. Louis is the metropolitan area that completely surrounds and includes the independent city of St. Louis (the principal city). It includes parts of both the U.S. states of Missouri and Illinois. The city core in on the border to Illinois and collectively the two regions form the combined metropolitan area. St. Louis is the largest metro area in Missouri, and is the second largest in Illinois. St. Louis County overlays the city of St. Louis and their two populations are generally tabulated independently of each other.

text: Greater

text: St.

text: Louis

text: is

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: that

text: completely

text: surrounds

text: and

text: includes

text: the

text: independent

text: city

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: the

text: principal

text: city

text: It

text: includes

text: parts

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: U.S.

text: states

text: of

text: Missouri

text: and

text: Illinois

text: The

text: city

text: core

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: to

text: Illinois

text: and

text: collectively

text: the

text: two

text: regions

text: form

text: the

text: combined

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: St.

text: Louis

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: metro

text: area

text: in

text: Missouri

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: in

text: Illinois

text: St.

text: Louis

text: County

text: overlays

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: and

text: their

text: two

text: populations

text: are

text: generally

text: tabulated

text: independently

text: of

text: each

text: other

text: Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States after Chicago, located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of , it also is the largest city in the Southern United States, as well as the seat of Harris County. It is the principal city of HoustonThe WoodlandsSugar Land, which is the fifth-most populated metropolitan area in the United States of America.

text: Houston

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Texas

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: after

text: Chicago

text: located

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Texas

text: near

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mexico

text: With

text: census

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: within

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: also

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: United

text: States

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Harris

text: County

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: principal

text: city

text: of

text: HoustonThe

text: WoodlandsSugar

text: Land

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: most

text: populated

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: Missouri (see pronunciations) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state and host to the mean center of United States population. The largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River. The state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, and now the deep soils yield great agricultural productivity. In the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the eastern border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel.

text: Missouri

text: see

text: pronunciations

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Midwestern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: achieving

text: statehood

text: in

text: With

text: over

text: six

text: million

text: residents

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: and

text: host

text: to

text: the

text: mean

text: center

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: population

text: The

text: largest

text: urban

text: areas

text: are

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Kansas

text: City

text: Springfield

text: and

text: Columbia

text: The

text: capitol

text: is

text: in

text: Jefferson

text: City

text: on

text: the

text: Missouri

text: River

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: the

text: twenty

text: first

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: is

text: geographically

text: diverse

text: The

text: Northern

text: Plains

text: were

text: once

text: covered

text: by

text: glaciers

text: then

text: tallgrass

text: prairie

text: and

text: now

text: the

text: deep

text: soils

text: yield

text: great

text: agricultural

text: productivity

text: In

text: the

text: South

text: are

text: the

text: Ozarks

text: forested

text: highland

text: providing

text: timber

text: minerals

text: and

text: recreation

text: The

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: forms

text: the

text: eastern

text: border

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: eventually

text: flowing

text: into

text: the

text: swampy

text: Missouri

text: Bootheel

text: The Viper at Six Flags AstroWorld was an Anton Schwarzkopf designed Looping Star model and had operated at AstroWorld since 1989 . It consisted of a single loop and was demolished with the closing of AstroWorld on October 30 , 2005 . It had originally been the Jet Scream at Six Flags St. Louis .

text: The

text: Viper

text: at

text: Six

text: Flags

text: AstroWorld

text: was

text: an

text: Anton

text: Schwarzkopf

text: designed

text: Looping

text: Star

text: model

text: and

text: had

text: operated

text: at

text: AstroWorld

text: since

text: It

text: consisted

text: of

text: single

text: loop

text: and

text: was

text: demolished

text: with

text: the

text: closing

text: of

text: AstroWorld

text: on

text: October

text: It

text: had

text: originally

text: been

text: the

text: Jet

text: Scream

text: at

text: Six

text: Flags

text: St.

text: Louis

text: An amusement park (sometimes referred to as a funfair) or theme park is a group of entertainment attractions, rides, and other events in a location for the enjoyment of large numbers of people. Amusement parks have a fixed location, as opposed to travelling funfairs and traveling carnivals, and are more elaborate than simple city parks or playgrounds, usually providing attractions meant to cater specifically to certain age groups, as well as some that are aimed towards all ages. Theme parks, a specific type of amusement park, are usually much more intricately themed to a certain subject or group of subjects than normal amusement parks.

text: An

text: amusement

text: park

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: funfair

text: or

text: theme

text: park

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: entertainment

text: attractions

text: rides

text: and

text: other

text: events

text: in

text: location

text: for

text: the

text: enjoyment

text: of

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: people

text: Amusement

text: parks

text: have

text: fixed

text: location

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: travelling

text: funfairs

text: and

text: traveling

text: carnivals

text: and

text: are

text: more

text: elaborate

text: than

text: simple

text: city

text: parks

text: or

text: playgrounds

text: usually

text: providing

text: attractions

text: meant

text: to

text: cater

text: specifically

text: to

text: certain

text: age

text: groups

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: that

text: are

text: aimed

text: towards

text: all

text: ages

text: Theme

text: parks

text: specific

text: type

text: of

text: amusement

text: park

text: are

text: usually

text: much

text: more

text: intricately

text: themed

text: to

text: certain

text: subject

text: or

text: group

text: of

text: subjects

text: than

text: normal

text: amusement

text: parks

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity viper

answer: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas

text: texas