text: Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is a compound found in red blood cells when heme production is inhibited by lead and/or by lack of iron.

text: Zinc

text: protoporphyrin

text: ZPP

text: is

text: compound

text: found

text: in

text: red

text: blood

text: cells

text: when

text: heme

text: production

text: is

text: inhibited

text: by

text: lead

text: and/or

text: by

text: lack

text: of

text: iron

text: A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA which is made up of nucleotides and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as geneenvironment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.

text: gene

text: is

text: locus

text: or

text: region

text: of

text: DNA

text: which

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: nucleotides

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: molecular

text: unit

text: of

text: heredity

text: The

text: transmission

text: of

text: genes

text: to

text: an

text: organism

text: 's

text: offspring

text: is

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: inheritance

text: of

text: phenotypic

text: traits

text: Most

text: biological

text: traits

text: are

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: polygenes

text: many

text: different

text: genes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: geneenvironment

text: interactions

text: Some

text: genetic

text: traits

text: are

text: instantly

text: visible

text: such

text: as

text: eye

text: colour

text: or

text: number

text: of

text: limbs

text: and

text: some

text: are

text: not

text: such

text: as

text: blood

text: type

text: risk

text: for

text: specific

text: diseases

text: or

text: the

text: thousands

text: of

text: basic

text: biochemical

text: processes

text: that

text: comprise

text: life

text: Protoporphyrinogen oxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the "PPOX" gene.

text: Protoporphyrinogen

text: oxidase

text: is

text: an

text: enzyme

text: that

text: in

text: humans

text: is

text: encoded

text: by

text: the

text: PPOX

text: gene

text: Protoporphyrin IX , in the metabolism of porphyrin , is created by the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase .

text: Protoporphyrin

text: IX

text: in

text: the

text: metabolism

text: of

text: porphyrin

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: enzyme

text: protoporphyrinogen

text: oxidase

text: Porphin, sometimes spelled porphine, is the parent chemical compound for types of biochemically significant compounds called porphyrins. The chemical formula of porphin is CHN. Porphin is an organic compound that is aromatic and heterocyclic since its chemical structure, shown at right, essentially consists of four pyrrole rings joined together by four methine (=CH) groups to form a larger macrocycle ring. The compound itself is a solid.

text: Porphin

text: sometimes

text: spelled

text: porphine

text: is

text: the

text: parent

text: chemical

text: compound

text: for

text: types

text: of

text: biochemically

text: significant

text: compounds

text: called

text: porphyrins

text: The

text: chemical

text: formula

text: of

text: porphin

text: is

text: CHN

text: Porphin

text: is

text: an

text: organic

text: compound

text: that

text: is

text: aromatic

text: and

text: heterocyclic

text: since

text: its

text: chemical

text: structure

text: shown

text: at

text: right

text: essentially

text: consists

text: of

text: four

text: pyrrole

text: rings

text: joined

text: together

text: by

text: four

text: methine

text: CH

text: groups

text: to

text: form

text: larger

text: macrocycle

text: ring

text: The

text: compound

text: itself

text: is

text: solid

text: Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals). It catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Likewise, catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

text: Catalase

text: is

text: common

text: enzyme

text: found

text: in

text: nearly

text: all

text: living

text: organisms

text: exposed

text: to

text: oxygen

text: such

text: as

text: bacteria

text: plants

text: and

text: animals

text: It

text: catalyzes

text: the

text: decomposition

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: peroxide

text: to

text: water

text: and

text: oxygen

text: It

text: is

text: very

text: important

text: enzyme

text: in

text: protecting

text: the

text: cell

text: from

text: oxidative

text: damage

text: by

text: reactive

text: oxygen

text: species

text: ROS

text: Likewise

text: catalase

text: has

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: turnover

text: numbers

text: of

text: all

text: enzymes

text: one

text: catalase

text: molecule

text: can

text: convert

text: millions

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: peroxide

text: molecules

text: to

text: water

text: and

text: oxygen

text: each

text: second

text: An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge. Ions can be created, by either chemical or physical means, via ionization.

text: An

text: ion

text: is

text: an

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: electrons

text: is

text: not

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: protons

text: giving

text: the

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: net

text: positive

text: or

text: negative

text: electrical

text: charge

text: Ions

text: can

text: be

text: created

text: by

text: either

text: chemical

text: or

text: physical

text: means

text: via

text: ionization

text: Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process upon which enzymes may act are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called "enzymology".

text: Enzymes

text: are

text: macromolecular

text: biological

text: catalysts

text: Enzymes

text: accelerate

text: or

text: catalyze

text: chemical

text: reactions

text: The

text: molecules

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: process

text: upon

text: which

text: enzymes

text: may

text: act

text: are

text: called

text: substrates

text: and

text: the

text: enzyme

text: converts

text: these

text: into

text: different

text: molecules

text: called

text: products

text: Almost

text: all

text: metabolic

text: processes

text: in

text: the

text: cell

text: need

text: enzymes

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: occur

text: at

text: rates

text: fast

text: enough

text: to

text: sustain

text: life

text: The

text: set

text: of

text: enzymes

text: made

text: in

text: cell

text: determines

text: which

text: metabolic

text: pathways

text: occur

text: in

text: that

text: cell

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: enzymes

text: is

text: called

text: enzymology

text: In chemistry, a conjugated system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in molecules with alternating single and multiple bonds, which in general may lower the overall energy of the molecule and increase stability. Lone pairs, radicals or carbenium ions may be part of the system. The compound may be cyclic, acyclic, linear or mixed.

text: In

text: chemistry

text: conjugated

text: system

text: of

text: connected

text: orbitals

text: with

text: delocalized

text: electrons

text: in

text: molecules

text: with

text: alternating

text: single

text: and

text: multiple

text: bonds

text: which

text: in

text: general

text: may

text: lower

text: the

text: overall

text: energy

text: of

text: the

text: molecule

text: and

text: increase

text: stability

text: Lone

text: pairs

text: radicals

text: or

text: carbenium

text: ions

text: may

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: system

text: The

text: compound

text: may

text: be

text: cyclic

text: acyclic

text: linear

text: or

text: mixed

text: Porphyrins are a group of heterocyclic macrocycle organic compounds, composed of four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected at their  carbon atoms via methine bridges (=CH). The parent porphyrin is porphin, and substituted porphines are called porphyrins. The porphyrin ring structure is aromatic, with a total of 26 electrons in the conjugated system. Various analyses indicate that not all atoms of the ring are involved equally in the conjugation or that the molecule's overall nature is substantially based on several smaller conjugated systems. One result of the large conjugated system is that porphyrin molecules typically have very intense absorption bands in the visible region and may be deeply colored; the name "porphyrin" comes from the Greek word  ("porphyra"), meaning "purple".

text: Porphyrins

text: are

text: group

text: of

text: heterocyclic

text: macrocycle

text: organic

text: compounds

text: composed

text: of

text: four

text: modified

text: pyrrole

text: subunits

text: interconnected

text: at

text: their

text: carbon

text: atoms

text: via

text: methine

text: bridges

text: CH

text: The

text: parent

text: porphyrin

text: is

text: porphin

text: and

text: substituted

text: porphines

text: are

text: called

text: porphyrins

text: The

text: porphyrin

text: ring

text: structure

text: is

text: aromatic

text: with

text: total

text: of

text: electrons

text: in

text: the

text: conjugated

text: system

text: Various

text: analyses

text: indicate

text: that

text: not

text: all

text: atoms

text: of

text: the

text: ring

text: are

text: involved

text: equally

text: in

text: the

text: conjugation

text: or

text: that

text: the

text: molecule

text: 's

text: overall

text: nature

text: is

text: substantially

text: based

text: on

text: several

text: smaller

text: conjugated

text: systems

text: One

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: large

text: conjugated

text: system

text: is

text: that

text: porphyrin

text: molecules

text: typically

text: have

text: very

text: intense

text: absorption

text: bands

text: in

text: the

text: visible

text: region

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: deeply

text: colored

text: the

text: name

text: porphyrin

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: word

text: porphyra

text: meaning

text: purple

text: Protoporphyrins are tetrapyrroles containing the following side chains:  Protoporphyrin IX is a biochemical widely used as a carrier molecule for divalent cations. Together with iron (Fe 2+) the body of the heme- group of hemoglobin, myoglobin and many other heme-containing enzymes like cytochrome c and catalase are formed. Complexed with magnesium-ions (Mg 2+) the main part of the Chlorophylls are formed. Complexed with zinc-ions (Zn 2+) it forms Zinc protoporphyrin.

text: Protoporphyrins

text: are

text: tetrapyrroles

text: containing

text: the

text: following

text: side

text: chains

text: Protoporphyrin

text: IX

text: is

text: biochemical

text: widely

text: used

text: as

text: carrier

text: molecule

text: for

text: divalent

text: cations

text: Together

text: with

text: iron

text: Fe

text: the

text: body

text: of

text: the

text: heme-

text: group

text: of

text: hemoglobin

text: myoglobin

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: heme

text: containing

text: enzymes

text: like

text: cytochrome

text: and

text: catalase

text: are

text: formed

text: Complexed

text: with

text: magnesium

text: ions

text: Mg

text: the

text: main

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Chlorophylls

text: are

text: formed

text: Complexed

text: with

text: zinc

text: ions

text: Zn

text: it

text: forms

text: Zinc

text: protoporphyrin

text: Hemoglobin; also spelled haemoglobin (United Kingdom spelling) and abbreviated Hb or Hgb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates (with the exception of the fish family Channichthyidae) as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the rest of the body (i.e. the tissues). There it releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism.

text: Hemoglobin

text: also

text: spelled

text: haemoglobin

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: spelling

text: and

text: abbreviated

text: Hb

text: or

text: Hgb

text: is

text: the

text: iron

text: containing

text: oxygen

text: transport

text: metalloprotein

text: in

text: the

text: red

text: blood

text: cells

text: of

text: all

text: vertebrates

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: fish

text: family

text: Channichthyidae

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: tissues

text: of

text: some

text: invertebrates

text: Hemoglobin

text: in

text: the

text: blood

text: carries

text: oxygen

text: from

text: the

text: respiratory

text: organs

text: lungs

text: or

text: gills

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: i.e.

text: the

text: tissues

text: There

text: it

text: releases

text: the

text: oxygen

text: to

text: permit

text: aerobic

text: respiration

text: to

text: provide

text: energy

text: to

text: power

text: the

text: functions

text: of

text: the

text: organism

text: in

text: the

text: process

text: called

text: metabolism

text: In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called "main chain" or backbone. A side chain is also known as a pendant chain, but a pendant group (side group) has a different definition.

text: In

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: and

text: biochemistry

text: side

text: chain

text: is

text: chemical

text: group

text: that

text: is

text: attached

text: to

text: core

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: molecule

text: called

text: main

text: chain

text: or

text: backbone

text: side

text: chain

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: pendant

text: chain

text: but

text: pendant

text: group

text: side

text: group

text: has

text: different

text: definition

text: A macrocycle is, as defined by IUPAC, "a cyclic macromolecule or a macromolecular cyclic portion of a molecule". In the chemical literature, macrocycles varyingly include molecules containing rings of 8 or more atoms, or 12 or more atoms. Well-known examples are the group of drugs known as macrolides. The IUPAC definition notes that a "cyclic macromolecule has no end-groups but may nevertheless be regarded as a chain", and that ""macrocycle" is sometimes used [in the literature] for molecules of low relative molecular mass that are not considered macromolecules. Many macrocycles are employed as macrocyclic ligands.

text: macrocycle

text: is

text: as

text: defined

text: by

text: IUPAC

text: cyclic

text: macromolecule

text: or

text: macromolecular

text: cyclic

text: portion

text: of

text: molecule

text: In

text: the

text: chemical

text: literature

text: macrocycles

text: varyingly

text: include

text: molecules

text: containing

text: rings

text: of

text: or

text: more

text: atoms

text: or

text: or

text: more

text: atoms

text: Well

text: known

text: examples

text: are

text: the

text: group

text: of

text: drugs

text: known

text: as

text: macrolides

text: The

text: IUPAC

text: definition

text: notes

text: that

text: cyclic

text: macromolecule

text: has

text: no

text: end

text: groups

text: but

text: may

text: nevertheless

text: be

text: regarded

text: as

text: chain

text: and

text: that

text: macrocycle

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: literature

text: for

text: molecules

text: of

text: low

text: relative

text: molecular

text: mass

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: considered

text: macromolecules

text: Many

text: macrocycles

text: are

text: employed

text: as

text: macrocyclic

text: ligands

text: Pyrrole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula CHNH. It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air. Substituted derivatives are also called pyrroles, e.g., "N"-methylpyrrole, CHNCH. Porphobilinogen, a trisubstituted pyrrole, is the biosynthetic precursor to many natural products such as heme.

text: Pyrrole

text: is

text: heterocyclic

text: aromatic

text: organic

text: compound

text: five

text: membered

text: ring

text: with

text: the

text: formula

text: CHNH

text: It

text: is

text: colorless

text: volatile

text: liquid

text: that

text: darkens

text: readily

text: upon

text: exposure

text: to

text: air

text: Substituted

text: derivatives

text: are

text: also

text: called

text: pyrroles

text: e.g.

text: methylpyrrole

text: CHNCH

text: Porphobilinogen

text: trisubstituted

text: pyrrole

text: is

text: the

text: biosynthetic

text: precursor

text: to

text: many

text: natural

text: products

text: such

text: as

text: heme

text: An organic compound is virtually any chemical compound that contains carbon, although a consensus definition remains elusive and likely arbitrary. Organic compounds are rare terrestrially, but of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. The most basic petrochemicals are considered the building blocks of organic chemistry.

text: An

text: organic

text: compound

text: is

text: virtually

text: any

text: chemical

text: compound

text: that

text: contains

text: carbon

text: although

text: consensus

text: definition

text: remains

text: elusive

text: and

text: likely

text: arbitrary

text: Organic

text: compounds

text: are

text: rare

text: terrestrially

text: but

text: of

text: central

text: importance

text: because

text: all

text: known

text: life

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: organic

text: compounds

text: The

text: most

text: basic

text: petrochemicals

text: are

text: considered

text: the

text: building

text: blocks

text: of

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: Heme or haem (from Greek "haima" meaning blood) is a cofactor consisting of an Fe (ferrous) ion contained in the centre of a heterocyclic macrocycle organic compound called a porphyrin, made up of four pyrrolic groups joined together by methine bridges. Not all porphyrins contain iron, but a substantial fraction of porphyrin-containing metalloproteins have heme as their prosthetic group; these are known as hemoproteins. Hemes are most commonly recognized as components of hemoglobin, the red pigment in blood, but are also found in a number of other biologically important hemoproteins such as myoglobin, cytochrome, catalase, heme peroxidase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

text: Heme

text: or

text: haem

text: from

text: Greek

text: haima

text: meaning

text: blood

text: is

text: cofactor

text: consisting

text: of

text: an

text: Fe

text: ferrous

text: ion

text: contained

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: heterocyclic

text: macrocycle

text: organic

text: compound

text: called

text: porphyrin

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: four

text: pyrrolic

text: groups

text: joined

text: together

text: by

text: methine

text: bridges

text: Not

text: all

text: porphyrins

text: contain

text: iron

text: but

text: substantial

text: fraction

text: of

text: porphyrin

text: containing

text: metalloproteins

text: have

text: heme

text: as

text: their

text: prosthetic

text: group

text: these

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: hemoproteins

text: Hemes

text: are

text: most

text: commonly

text: recognized

text: as

text: components

text: of

text: hemoglobin

text: the

text: red

text: pigment

text: in

text: blood

text: but

text: are

text: also

text: found

text: in

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: biologically

text: important

text: hemoproteins

text: such

text: as

text: myoglobin

text: cytochrome

text: catalase

text: heme

text: peroxidase

text: and

text: endothelial

text: nitric

text: oxide

text: synthase

text:
Myoglobin (symbol Mb or MB) is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates in general and in almost all mammals. It is related to hemoglobin, which is the iron- and oxygen-binding protein in blood, specifically in the red blood cells. In humans, myoglobin is only found in the bloodstream after muscle injury. It is an abnormal finding, and can be diagnostically relevant when found in blood.
Myoglobin is the primary oxygen-carrying pigment of muscle tissues. High concentrations of myoglobin in muscle cells allow organisms to hold their breath for a longer period of time. Diving mammals such as whales and seals have muscles with particularly high abundance of myoglobin. Myoglobin is found in Type I muscle, Type II A and Type II B, but most texts consider myoglobin not to be found in smooth muscle.

text: Myoglobin

text: symbol

text: Mb

text: or

text: MB

text: is

text: an

text: iron-

text: and

text: oxygen

text: binding

text: protein

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: muscle

text: tissue

text: of

text: vertebrates

text: in

text: general

text: and

text: in

text: almost

text: all

text: mammals

text: It

text: is

text: related

text: to

text: hemoglobin

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: iron-

text: and

text: oxygen

text: binding

text: protein

text: in

text: blood

text: specifically

text: in

text: the

text: red

text: blood

text: cells

text: In

text: humans

text: myoglobin

text: is

text: only

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: bloodstream

text: after

text: muscle

text: injury

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: abnormal

text: finding

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: diagnostically

text: relevant

text: when

text: found

text: in

text: blood

text: Myoglobin

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: oxygen

text: carrying

text: pigment

text: of

text: muscle

text: tissues

text: High

text: concentrations

text: of

text: myoglobin

text: in

text: muscle

text: cells

text: allow

text: organisms

text: to

text: hold

text: their

text: breath

text: for

text: longer

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: Diving

text: mammals

text: such

text: as

text: whales

text: and

text: seals

text: have

text: muscles

text: with

text: particularly

text: high

text: abundance

text: of

text: myoglobin

text: Myoglobin

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: Type

text: muscle

text: Type

text: II

text: and

text: Type

text: II

text: but

text: most

text: texts

text: consider

text: myoglobin

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: smooth

text: muscle

annotations: likely multiple

question: instance_of protoporphyrin ix

answer: chemical compound

text: chemical compound

text: chemical compound


text: The Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN) was an American "ad hoc" television network that was operated by the Prime Time Consortium, a joint venture between the Warner Bros. Domestic Television subsidiary of Time Warner and Chris-Craft Industries. First launched on January 20, 1993 and operating until 1997, the network mainly aired drama programs aimed at adults between the ages of 18 and 54. At its peak, PTEN's programming was carried on 177 television stations, covering 93% of the country.

text: The

text: Prime

text: Time

text: Entertainment

text: Network

text: PTEN

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: ad

text: hoc

text: television

text: network

text: that

text: was

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: Prime

text: Time

text: Consortium

text: joint

text: venture

text: between

text: the

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Domestic

text: Television

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Time

text: Warner

text: and

text: Chris

text: Craft

text: Industries

text: First

text: launched

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: operating

text: until

text: the

text: network

text: mainly

text: aired

text: drama

text: programs

text: aimed

text: at

text: adults

text: between

text: the

text: ages

text: of

text: and

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: PTEN

text: 's

text: programming

text: was

text: carried

text: on

text: television

text: stations

text: covering

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Joseph Michael Straczynski (born July 17, 1954), known professionally as J. Michael Straczynski and informally as Joe Straczynski or jms, is an American screenwriter, television producer and director, and comic book writer. He is the founder of Studio JMS, and is best known as the creator of the science fiction television series "Babylon 5" (19931998) and its spinoff "Crusade" (1999), as well as the series "Jeremiah" (20022004), and "Sense8" (2015present).

text: Joseph

text: Michael

text: Straczynski

text: born

text: July

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Michael

text: Straczynski

text: and

text: informally

text: as

text: Joe

text: Straczynski

text: or

text: jms

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: screenwriter

text: television

text: producer

text: and

text: director

text: and

text: comic

text: book

text: writer

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: Studio

text: JMS

text: and

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: the

text: science

text: fiction

text: television

text: series

text: Babylon

text: and

text: its

text: spinoff

text: Crusade

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: series

text: Jeremiah

text: and

text: Science fiction (often shortened to SF, sci-fi or scifi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually avoids the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection is now limited to hard science fiction.

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: SF

text: sci

text: fi

text: or

text: scifi

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: speculative

text: fiction

text: typically

text: dealing

text: with

text: imaginative

text: concepts

text: such

text: as

text: futuristic

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: space

text: travel

text: time

text: travel

text: faster

text: than

text: light

text: travel

text: parallel

text: universes

text: and

text: extraterrestrial

text: life

text: Science

text: fiction

text: often

text: explores

text: the

text: potential

text: consequences

text: of

text: scientific

text: and

text: other

text: innovations

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: literature

text: of

text: ideas

text: It

text: usually

text: avoids

text: the

text: supernatural

text: and

text: unlike

text: the

text: related

text: genre

text: of

text: fantasy

text: historically

text: science

text: fiction

text: stories

text: were

text: intended

text: to

text: have

text: grounding

text: in

text: science

text: based

text: fact

text: or

text: theory

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: story

text: was

text: created

text: but

text: this

text: connection

text: is

text: now

text: limited

text: to

text: hard

text: science

text: fiction

text: Babylon 5 is an American science fiction television series created by writer and producer J. Michael Straczynski, under the Babylonian Productions label, in association with Straczynski's Synthetic Worlds Ltd. and Warner Bros. Domestic Television. After the successful airing of a test pilot movie on February 22, 1993, "", in May 1993 Warner Brothers commissioned the series for production as part of its Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN).

text: Babylon

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: science

text: fiction

text: television

text: series

text: created

text: by

text: writer

text: and

text: producer

text: Michael

text: Straczynski

text: under

text: the

text: Babylonian

text: Productions

text: label

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: Straczynski

text: 's

text: Synthetic

text: Worlds

text: Ltd.

text: and

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Domestic

text: Television

text: After

text: the

text: successful

text: airing

text: of

text: test

text: pilot

text: movie

text: on

text: February

text: in

text: May

text: Warner

text: Brothers

text: commissioned

text: the

text: series

text: for

text: production

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: Prime

text: Time

text: Entertainment

text: Network

text: PTEN

text: Babylon 5 : The Legend of the Rangers ( subtitled : To Live and Die in Starlight ) is the fifth telefilm set in the Babylon 5 universe ( not including the pilot , The Gathering ) . Originally airing January 19 , 2002 on the Sci Fi Channel , it was written by J. Michael Straczynski and directed by Mike Vejar .

text: Babylon

text: The

text: Legend

text: of

text: the

text: Rangers

text: subtitled

text: To

text: Live

text: and

text: Die

text: in

text: Starlight

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: telefilm

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: Babylon

text: universe

text: not

text: including

text: the

text: pilot

text: The

text: Gathering

text: Originally

text: airing

text: January

text: on

text: the

text: Sci

text: Fi

text: Channel

text: it

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Michael

text: Straczynski

text: and

text: directed

text: by

text: Mike

text: Vejar

text: Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (known professionally as Warner Bros. Pictures, often referred to as Warner Bros. and Warner Brothers and abbreviated as WB) is an American entertainment company, film studio and film distributor that is a division of Time Warner and is headquartered in Burbank, California. It is one of the "Big Six" major American film studios.

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Entertainment

text: Inc.

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Pictures

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: and

text: Warner

text: Brothers

text: and

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: WB

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: entertainment

text: company

text: film

text: studio

text: and

text: film

text: distributor

text: that

text: is

text: division

text: of

text: Time

text: Warner

text: and

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Burbank

text: California

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Six

text: major

text: American

text: film

text: studios

annotations: follows multiple

question: follows babylon 5: the legend of the rangers

answer: crusade

text: crusade


text: The Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See and the central body through which the Roman Pontiff conducts the affairs of the universal Catholic Church. It acts in his name and with his authority for the good and for the service of the particular Churches and provides the necessary central organization for the correct functioning of the Church and the achievement of its goals.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: apparatus

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: and

text: the

text: central

text: body

text: through

text: which

text: the

text: Roman

text: Pontiff

text: conducts

text: the

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: universal

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: It

text: acts

text: in

text: his

text: name

text: and

text: with

text: his

text: authority

text: for

text: the

text: good

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: service

text: of

text: the

text: particular

text: Churches

text: and

text: provides

text: the

text: necessary

text: central

text: organization

text: for

text: the

text: correct

text: functioning

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: achievement

text: of

text: its

text: goals

text: The pope (from "pappas", a child's word for "father") is the Bishop of Rome and, therefore, the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church. The primacy of the Roman bishop is largely derived from his role as the traditional successor to Saint Peter, to whom Jesus is supposed to have given the keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013, succeeding Benedict XVI.

text: The

text: pope

text: from

text: pappas

text: child

text: 's

text: word

text: for

text: father

text: is

text: the

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Rome

text: and

text: therefore

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: worldwide

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: The

text: primacy

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: bishop

text: is

text: largely

text: derived

text: from

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: the

text: traditional

text: successor

text: to

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: to

text: whom

text: Jesus

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: have

text: given

text: the

text: keys

text: of

text: Heaven

text: and

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: binding

text: and

text: loosing

text: naming

text: him

text: as

text: the

text: rock

text: upon

text: which

text: the

text: church

text: would

text: be

text: built

text: The

text: current

text: pope

text: is

text: Francis

text: who

text: was

text: elected

text: on

text: March

text: succeeding

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney is a Latin Church metropolitan archdiocese, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

text: The

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Archdiocese

text: of

text: Sydney

text: is

text: Latin

text: Church

text: metropolitan

text: archdiocese

text: located

text: in

text: Sydney

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Australia

text: The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the Sacraments. Its functions were originally exercised by the Sacred Congregation of Rites, set up in January 1588 by Pope Sixtus V.

text: The

text: Congregation

text: for

text: Divine

text: Worship

text: and

text: the

text: Discipline

text: of

text: the

text: Sacraments

text: is

text: the

text: congregation

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: that

text: handles

text: most

text: affairs

text: relating

text: to

text: liturgical

text: practices

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: Church

text: as

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: and

text: also

text: some

text: technical

text: matters

text: relating

text: to

text: the

text: Sacraments

text: Its

text: functions

text: were

text: originally

text: exercised

text: by

text: the

text: Sacred

text: Congregation

text: of

text: Rites

text: set

text: up

text: in

text: January

text: by

text: Pope

text: Sixtus

text:
The Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, officially in Latin "Dioecesis Honoluluensis", is an ecclesiastical territory or particular church of the Catholic Church in the United States. The diocese comprises the entire state of Hawaii and the unincorporated Hawaiian Islands.
The diocese is suffragan to the Metropolitan Archdiocese of San Francisco and a part of the ecclesiastical province that includes the San Francisco archdiocese and the suffragan dioceses of Las Vegas, Oakland, Reno, Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Jose, Santa Rosa and Stockton. The patrons of the Diocese of Honolulu are the Blessed Virgin Mary, under the title of "Malia O Ka Malu" or "Our Lady Queen of Peace", Saint Damien of Molokai, and Saint Marianne of Molokai.

text: The

text: Catholic

text: Diocese

text: of

text: Honolulu

text: officially

text: in

text: Latin

text: Dioecesis

text: Honoluluensis

text: is

text: an

text: ecclesiastical

text: territory

text: or

text: particular

text: church

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: diocese

text: comprises

text: the

text: entire

text: state

text: of

text: Hawaii

text: and

text: the

text: unincorporated

text: Hawaiian

text: Islands

text: The

text: diocese

text: is

text: suffragan

text: to

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Archdiocese

text: of

text: San

text: Francisco

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: ecclesiastical

text: province

text: that

text: includes

text: the

text: San

text: Francisco

text: archdiocese

text: and

text: the

text: suffragan

text: dioceses

text: of

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Oakland

text: Reno

text: Sacramento

text: Salt

text: Lake

text: City

text: San

text: Jose

text: Santa

text: Rosa

text: and

text: Stockton

text: The

text: patrons

text: of

text: the

text: Diocese

text: of

text: Honolulu

text: are

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: Mary

text: under

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Malia

text: Ka

text: Malu

text: or

text: Our

text: Lady

text: Queen

text: of

text: Peace

text: Saint

text: Damien

text: of

text: Molokai

text: and

text: Saint

text: Marianne

text: of

text: Molokai

text: Dublin City University (abbreviated as DCU) is a university situated on the Northside of Dublin in Ireland. Created as the "National Institute for Higher Education, Dublin", it enrolled its first students in 1980 and was elevated to university status (along with the University of Limerick) in 1989 by statute. In September 2016, DCU completed the process resulting in the incorporation of three Dublin institutions: Church of Ireland College of Education; Mater Dei Institute of Education and St Patrick's College.

text: Dublin

text: City

text: University

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: DCU

text: is

text: university

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Northside

text: of

text: Dublin

text: in

text: Ireland

text: Created

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Institute

text: for

text: Higher

text: Education

text: Dublin

text: it

text: enrolled

text: its

text: first

text: students

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: elevated

text: to

text: university

text: status

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Limerick

text: in

text: by

text: statute

text: In

text: September

text: DCU

text: completed

text: the

text: process

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: incorporation

text: of

text: three

text: Dublin

text: institutions

text: Church

text: of

text: Ireland

text: College

text: of

text: Education

text: Mater

text: Dei

text: Institute

text: of

text: Education

text: and

text: St

text: Patrick

text: 's

text: College

text: Presbyter (Greek , : "elder" or "priest" in Christian usage) in the New Testament refers to a leader in local Christian congregations, with presbyter being from the Greek ""presbyteros"" and meaning elder/senior and episkopos meaning overseer, referring exclusively to the office of bishop, but with presbyteros being understood by many as referring to the same person functioning as overseer. In modern Catholic and Orthodox usage, presbyter is distinct from "bishop" and synonymous with "priest". However, in predominant Protestant usage, the term is not seen as referring to a member of a distinctive priesthood called "priests," but instead terms such as "minister", "pastor" and "elder" are used.

text: Presbyter

text: Greek

text: elder

text: or

text: priest

text: in

text: Christian

text: usage

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: Testament

text: refers

text: to

text: leader

text: in

text: local

text: Christian

text: congregations

text: with

text: presbyter

text: being

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: presbyteros

text: and

text: meaning

text: elder

text: senior

text: and

text: episkopos

text: meaning

text: overseer

text: referring

text: exclusively

text: to

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: bishop

text: but

text: with

text: presbyteros

text: being

text: understood

text: by

text: many

text: as

text: referring

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: person

text: functioning

text: as

text: overseer

text: In

text: modern

text: Catholic

text: and

text: Orthodox

text: usage

text: presbyter

text: is

text: distinct

text: from

text: bishop

text: and

text: synonymous

text: with

text: priest

text: However

text: in

text: predominant

text: Protestant

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: not

text: seen

text: as

text: referring

text: to

text: member

text: of

text: distinctive

text: priesthood

text: called

text: priests

text: but

text: instead

text: terms

text: such

text: as

text: minister

text: pastor

text: and

text: elder

text: are

text: used

text: All Hallows College is a college of higher education in Dublin. It was founded in 1842 and has been run by the Vincentians since 1892. On 23 May 2014, it was announced that it would wind down and eventually close. No timetable for this was given. On 19 June 2015, it was announced that the campus in Drumcondra is to be sold to Dublin City University.

text: All

text: Hallows

text: College

text: is

text: college

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: in

text: Dublin

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: run

text: by

text: the

text: Vincentians

text: since

text: On

text: May

text: it

text: was

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: wind

text: down

text: and

text: eventually

text: close

text: No

text: timetable

text: for

text: this

text: was

text: given

text: On

text: June

text: it

text: was

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: campus

text: in

text: Drumcondra

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: sold

text: to

text: Dublin

text: City

text: University

text:
Hermopolis (also "Hermopolis Magna", Greek: "Hermou polis megale" Egyptian "Khemenu", "mnw") was a major city in antiquity, located near the boundary between Lower and Upper Egypt.
A provincial capital since the Old Kingdom period, Hermopolis developed into a major city of Roman Egypt, and an early Christian center from the 3rd century. It was abandoned after the Muslim invasion.

text: Hermopolis

text: also

text: Hermopolis

text: Magna

text: Greek

text: Hermou

text: polis

text: megale

text: Egyptian

text: Khemenu

text: mnw

text: was

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: antiquity

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: boundary

text: between

text: Lower

text: and

text: Upper

text: Egypt

text: provincial

text: capital

text: since

text: the

text: Old

text: Kingdom

text: period

text: Hermopolis

text: developed

text: into

text: major

text: city

text: of

text: Roman

text: Egypt

text: and

text: an

text: early

text: Christian

text: center

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: was

text: abandoned

text: after

text: the

text: Muslim

text: invasion

text: The word diocese is derived from the Greek term "" meaning "administration". When now used in an ecclesiastical sense, it refers to a territorial unit of administration. In the Western Church, the district is under the supervision of a bishop (who may have assistant bishops to help him or her) and is divided into parishes under the care of priests; but in the Eastern Church, the word denotes the area under the jurisdiction of a patriarch and the bishops under his jurisdiction administer parishes. This structure of church governance is known as episcopal polity.

text: The

text: word

text: diocese

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: term

text: meaning

text: administration

text: When

text: now

text: used

text: in

text: an

text: ecclesiastical

text: sense

text: it

text: refers

text: to

text: territorial

text: unit

text: of

text: administration

text: In

text: the

text: Western

text: Church

text: the

text: district

text: is

text: under

text: the

text: supervision

text: of

text: bishop

text: who

text: may

text: have

text: assistant

text: bishops

text: to

text: help

text: him

text: or

text: her

text: and

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: parishes

text: under

text: the

text: care

text: of

text: priests

text: but

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Church

text: the

text: word

text: denotes

text: the

text: area

text: under

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: patriarch

text: and

text: the

text: bishops

text: under

text: his

text: jurisdiction

text: administer

text: parishes

text: This

text: structure

text: of

text: church

text: governance

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: episcopal

text: polity

text: John Joseph Scanlan (May 24, 1906  January 31, 1997) was the second Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu in the United States.

text: John

text: Joseph

text: Scanlan

text: May

text: January

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: Bishop

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Diocese

text: of

text: Honolulu

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The Pontifical Council for the Family was part of the Curia of the Roman Catholic Church from 1981 to 2016. It was established by Pope John Paul II on 9 May 1981 with his motu proprio "Familia a Deo Instituta", replacing the Committee for the Family that Pope Paul VI had established in 1973. The Council fostered "the pastoral care of families, protects their rights and dignity in the Church and in civil society, so that they may ever be more able to fulfill their duties."

text: The

text: Pontifical

text: Council

text: for

text: the

text: Family

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Curia

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: from

text: to

text: It

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Pope

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: on

text: May

text: with

text: his

text: motu

text: proprio

text: Familia

text: Deo

text: Instituta

text: replacing

text: the

text: Committee

text: for

text: the

text: Family

text: that

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: had

text: established

text: in

text: The

text: Council

text: fostered

text: the

text: pastoral

text: care

text: of

text: families

text: protects

text: their

text: rights

text: and

text: dignity

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: and

text: in

text: civil

text: society

text: so

text: that

text: they

text: may

text: ever

text: be

text: more

text: able

text: to

text: fulfill

text: their

text: duties

text: An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is a bishop assigned to assist the diocesan bishop in meeting the pastoral needs of the diocese. They exist in both the Latin Church and in the Eastern Catholic Churches. Auxiliary bishops are titular bishops of sees that no longer exist.

text: An

text: auxiliary

text: bishop

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: is

text: bishop

text: assigned

text: to

text: assist

text: the

text: diocesan

text: bishop

text: in

text: meeting

text: the

text: pastoral

text: needs

text: of

text: the

text: diocese

text: They

text: exist

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: Latin

text: Church

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: Auxiliary

text: bishops

text: are

text: titular

text: bishops

text: of

text: sees

text: that

text: no

text: longer

text: exist

text: The Eastern Catholic Churches, also called the Oriental Catholic Churches and historically known as the Eastern-rite Catholic Churches or Uniate Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian particular churches "sui iuris" in full communion with the Pope in Rome. With about 18 million members, they make up a small part (about 1.5 percent) of the Catholic Church together with the Latin Church (Western Church).

text: The

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: Oriental

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: and

text: historically

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Eastern

text: rite

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: or

text: Uniate

text: Churches

text: are

text: Eastern

text: Christian

text: particular

text: churches

text: sui

text: iuris

text: in

text: full

text: communion

text: with

text: the

text: Pope

text: in

text: Rome

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: members

text: they

text: make

text: up

text: small

text: part

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: Latin

text: Church

text: Western

text: Church

text: Sir James Darcy Freeman KBE (19 November 1907  16 March 1991) was an Australian cardinal and the sixth Roman Catholic Archbishop of Sydney and Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria Regina Pacis in Ostia. He was ordained a priest of the Sydney archdiocese on 13 July 1930, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Sydney on 9 December 1956 and ordained Titular Bishop of Hermopolis. In 1973 he was elevated to the cardinalate.

text: Sir

text: James

text: Darcy

text: Freeman

text: KBE

text: November

text: March

text: was

text: an

text: Australian

text: cardinal

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Sydney

text: and

text: Cardinal

text: Priest

text: of

text: Maria

text: Regina

text: Pacis

text: in

text: Ostia

text: He

text: was

text: ordained

text: priest

text: of

text: the

text: Sydney

text: archdiocese

text: on

text: July

text: appointed

text: Auxiliary

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Sydney

text: on

text: December

text: and

text: ordained

text: Titular

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Hermopolis

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: elevated

text: to

text: the

text: cardinalate

text: Emeritus, in its current usage, is an adjective used to designate a retired professor, pastor, bishop, pope, president, prime minister, or other person.

text: Emeritus

text: in

text: its

text: current

text: usage

text: is

text: an

text: adjective

text: used

text: to

text: designate

text: retired

text: professor

text: pastor

text: bishop

text: pope

text: president

text: prime

text: minister

text: or

text: other

text: person

text: David Cremin ( born 22 February 1930 is a Roman Catholic Bishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney . He was born in Ballydoorty , County Limerick , Ireland . He was taught by the Jesuits in Limerick , and attended the Seminary of All Hallows College in Dublin . He was ordained a priest on 12 June 1955 by John Joseph Scanlan . On 25 October 1973 he was appointed Titular Bishop of Cunga Féichin and Auxiliary Bishop of his home diocese . He was ordained a bishop on 19 January 1974 . The Principal Consecrator was Cardinal James Darcy Freeman ; his Principal Co-Consecrators were James Knox and Bishop Thomas Cahill . He retired from his post on 22 February 2005 .

text: David

text: Cremin

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Bishop

text: Emeritus

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Archdiocese

text: of

text: Sydney

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Ballydoorty

text: County

text: Limerick

text: Ireland

text: He

text: was

text: taught

text: by

text: the

text: Jesuits

text: in

text: Limerick

text: and

text: attended

text: the

text: Seminary

text: of

text: All

text: Hallows

text: College

text: in

text: Dublin

text: He

text: was

text: ordained

text: priest

text: on

text: June

text: by

text: John

text: Joseph

text: Scanlan

text: On

text: October

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: Titular

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Cunga

text: Féichin

text: and

text: Auxiliary

text: Bishop

text: of

text: his

text: home

text: diocese

text: He

text: was

text: ordained

text: bishop

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: Principal

text: Consecrator

text: was

text: Cardinal

text: James

text: Darcy

text: Freeman

text: his

text: Principal

text: Co

text: Consecrators

text: were

text: James

text: Knox

text: and

text: Bishop

text: Thomas

text: Cahill

text: He

text: retired

text: from

text: his

text: post

text: on

text: February

text: A priest or priestess (feminine) (from Greek  "presbýteros" through Latin "presbyter", "elder", or from Old High German "priast", "prest", from Vulgar Latin "provost" "one put over others", from Latin "praepositus" "person placed in charge"), is a person authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particular, rites of sacrifice to, and propitiation of, a deity or deities. Their office or position is the priesthood, a term which also may apply to such persons collectively.

text: priest

text: or

text: priestess

text: feminine

text: from

text: Greek

text: presbýteros

text: through

text: Latin

text: presbyter

text: elder

text: or

text: from

text: Old

text: High

text: German

text: priast

text: prest

text: from

text: Vulgar

text: Latin

text: provost

text: one

text: put

text: over

text: others

text: from

text: Latin

text: praepositus

text: person

text: placed

text: in

text: charge

text: is

text: person

text: authorized

text: to

text: perform

text: the

text: sacred

text: rituals

text: of

text: religion

text: especially

text: as

text: mediatory

text: agent

text: between

text: humans

text: and

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: deities

text: They

text: also

text: have

text: the

text: authority

text: or

text: power

text: to

text: administer

text: religious

text: rites

text: in

text: particular

text: rites

text: of

text: sacrifice

text: to

text: and

text: propitiation

text: of

text: deity

text: or

text: deities

text: Their

text: office

text: or

text: position

text: is

text: the

text: priesthood

text: term

text: which

text: also

text: may

text: apply

text: to

text: such

text: persons

text: collectively

text:
A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese.
By definition a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop the tradition of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches is that he be ordained for a specific place. There are more bishops than there are functioning dioceses. Therefore, a priest appointed not to head a diocese as its diocesan bishop, but to be an auxiliary bishop, a papal diplomat, or an official of the Roman Curia is appointed to a titular see.

text: titular

text: bishop

text: in

text: various

text: churches

text: is

text: bishop

text: who

text: is

text: not

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: diocese

text: By

text: definition

text: bishop

text: is

text: an

text: overseer

text: of

text: community

text: of

text: the

text: faithful

text: so

text: when

text: priest

text: is

text: ordained

text: bishop

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: and

text: Orthodox

text: churches

text: is

text: that

text: he

text: be

text: ordained

text: for

text: specific

text: place

text: There

text: are

text: more

text: bishops

text: than

text: there

text: are

text: functioning

text: dioceses

text: Therefore

text: priest

text: appointed

text: not

text: to

text: head

text: diocese

text: as

text: its

text: diocesan

text: bishop

text: but

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: auxiliary

text: bishop

text: papal

text: diplomat

text: or

text: an

text: official

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: is

text: appointed

text: to

text: titular

text: see

text: James Robert Knox, GCC (2 March 1914  26 June 1983), an Australian Roman Catholic cardinal, was President of the Pontifical Council for the Family, between 1981 and 1983; a Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, between 1974 and 1983; and the fifth Archbishop of Melbourne, serving between 1967 and 1974.

text: James

text: Robert

text: Knox

text: GCC

text: March

text: June

text: an

text: Australian

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: cardinal

text: was

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Pontifical

text: Council

text: for

text: the

text: Family

text: between

text: and

text: Prefect

text: of

text: the

text: Congregation

text: for

text: Divine

text: Worship

text: and

text: the

text: Discipline

text: of

text: the

text: Sacraments

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: fifth

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: serving

text: between

text: and

annotations: follows single

question: religion david cremin

answer: catholic church

text: catholic church

text: catholic church

text: catholic church

text: catholic church

text: catholic church

text: catholic church


text: Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention. Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar. Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens. The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products. Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale, ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products; to a banquet adapted for two; to any size or type of party, with appropriate music and dance; to performances intended for thousands; and even for a global audience.

text: Entertainment

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: activity

text: that

text: holds

text: the

text: attention

text: and

text: interest

text: of

text: an

text: audience

text: or

text: gives

text: pleasure

text: and

text: delight

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: an

text: idea

text: or

text: task

text: but

text: is

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: activities

text: or

text: events

text: that

text: have

text: developed

text: over

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: specifically

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: keeping

text: an

text: audience

text: 's

text: attention

text: Although

text: people

text: 's

text: attention

text: is

text: held

text: by

text: different

text: things

text: because

text: individuals

text: have

text: different

text: preferences

text: in

text: entertainment

text: most

text: forms

text: are

text: recognisable

text: and

text: familiar

text: Storytelling

text: music

text: drama

text: dance

text: and

text: different

text: kinds

text: of

text: performance

text: exist

text: in

text: all

text: cultures

text: were

text: supported

text: in

text: royal

text: courts

text: developed

text: into

text: sophisticated

text: forms

text: and

text: over

text: time

text: became

text: available

text: to

text: all

text: citizens

text: The

text: process

text: has

text: been

text: accelerated

text: in

text: modern

text: times

text: by

text: an

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: that

text: records

text: and

text: sells

text: entertainment

text: products

text: Entertainment

text: evolves

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: adapted

text: to

text: suit

text: any

text: scale

text: ranging

text: from

text: an

text: individual

text: who

text: chooses

text: private

text: entertainment

text: from

text: now

text: enormous

text: array

text: of

text: pre

text: recorded

text: products

text: to

text: banquet

text: adapted

text: for

text: two

text: to

text: any

text: size

text: or

text: type

text: of

text: party

text: with

text: appropriate

text: music

text: and

text: dance

text: to

text: performances

text: intended

text: for

text: thousands

text: and

text: even

text: for

text: global

text: audience

text:
A business (also known as an enterprise, a company or a firm) is an organizational entity involved in the provision of goods and services to consumers.
Businesses as a form of economic activity are prevalent in capitalist economies, where most of them are privately owned and provide goods and services to customers in exchange for other goods, services, or money. Businesses may also be social non-profit enterprises or state-owned public enterprises charged by governments with specific social and economic objectives. A business owned by multiple individuals may form as an incorporated company or jointly organise as a partnership. Countries have different laws that may ascribe different rights to the various business entities.

text: business

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: enterprise

text: company

text: or

text: firm

text: is

text: an

text: organizational

text: entity

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: provision

text: of

text: goods

text: and

text: services

text: to

text: consumers

text: Businesses

text: as

text: form

text: of

text: economic

text: activity

text: are

text: prevalent

text: in

text: capitalist

text: economies

text: where

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: are

text: privately

text: owned

text: and

text: provide

text: goods

text: and

text: services

text: to

text: customers

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: other

text: goods

text: services

text: or

text: money

text: Businesses

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: social

text: non

text: profit

text: enterprises

text: or

text: state

text: owned

text: public

text: enterprises

text: charged

text: by

text: governments

text: with

text: specific

text: social

text: and

text: economic

text: objectives

text: business

text: owned

text: by

text: multiple

text: individuals

text: may

text: form

text: as

text: an

text: incorporated

text: company

text: or

text: jointly

text: organise

text: as

text: partnership

text: Countries

text: have

text: different

text: laws

text: that

text: may

text: ascribe

text: different

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: various

text: business

text: entities

text: Prostitution is the business or practice of engaging in sexual activity in exchange for payment or some other benefit. Prostitution is sometimes described as commercial sex or hooking. Depending on the jurisdiction, prostitution can be legal or illegal. A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and is a kind of sex worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry: other branches include pornography, stripping, nude modelling, and erotic dancing. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country (sometimes from region to region within a given country), ranging from being permissible but unregulated, to an enforced or unenforced crime, or a regulated profession. It is sometimes referred to euphemistically as "the world's oldest profession" in the English-speaking world. Estimates place the annual revenue generated by prostitution worldwide to be over $100 billion.

text: Prostitution

text: is

text: the

text: business

text: or

text: practice

text: of

text: engaging

text: in

text: sexual

text: activity

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: payment

text: or

text: some

text: other

text: benefit

text: Prostitution

text: is

text: sometimes

text: described

text: as

text: commercial

text: sex

text: or

text: hooking

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: prostitution

text: can

text: be

text: legal

text: or

text: illegal

text: person

text: who

text: works

text: in

text: this

text: field

text: is

text: called

text: prostitute

text: and

text: is

text: kind

text: of

text: sex

text: worker

text: Prostitution

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: branches

text: of

text: the

text: sex

text: industry

text: other

text: branches

text: include

text: pornography

text: stripping

text: nude

text: modelling

text: and

text: erotic

text: dancing

text: The

text: legal

text: status

text: of

text: prostitution

text: varies

text: from

text: country

text: to

text: country

text: sometimes

text: from

text: region

text: to

text: region

text: within

text: given

text: country

text: ranging

text: from

text: being

text: permissible

text: but

text: unregulated

text: to

text: an

text: enforced

text: or

text: unenforced

text: crime

text: or

text: regulated

text: profession

text: It

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: euphemistically

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: profession

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: Estimates

text: place

text: the

text: annual

text: revenue

text: generated

text: by

text: prostitution

text: worldwide

text: to

text: be

text: over

text: billion

text: Sex and Shopping was a documentary series on the global sex industry . The series examines contemporary attitudes concerning commercial sex , censorship and experimentation . Each episode explores aspects of the legal international commercial sex industry , finance and lifestyles . It was produced for Channel 5 and three series were made . The first aired in 1998 , second in 2000 and the third in 2001 in the United Kingdom .

text: Sex

text: and

text: Shopping

text: was

text: documentary

text: series

text: on

text: the

text: global

text: sex

text: industry

text: The

text: series

text: examines

text: contemporary

text: attitudes

text: concerning

text: commercial

text: sex

text: censorship

text: and

text: experimentation

text: Each

text: episode

text: explores

text: aspects

text: of

text: the

text: legal

text: international

text: commercial

text: sex

text: industry

text: finance

text: and

text: lifestyles

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: for

text: Channel

text: and

text: three

text: series

text: were

text: made

text: The

text: first

text: aired

text: in

text: second

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text:
BDSM is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics. Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves as practicing BDSM, inclusion in the BDSM community or subculture is usually dependent on self-identification and shared experience.
The term "BDSM" is first recorded in a Usenet posting from 1991, and is interpreted as a combination of the abbreviations B/D (Bondage and Discipline), D/s (Dominance and submission), and S/M (Sadism and Masochism). BDSM is now used as a catch-all phrase covering a wide range of activities, forms of interpersonal relationships, and distinct subcultures. BDSM communities generally welcome anyone with a non-normative streak who identifies with the community; this may include cross-dressers, body modification enthusiasts, animal roleplayers, rubber fetishists, and others.

text: BDSM

text: is

text: variety

text: of

text: often

text: erotic

text: practices

text: or

text: roleplaying

text: involving

text: bondage

text: discipline

text: dominance

text: and

text: submission

text: sadomasochism

text: and

text: other

text: related

text: interpersonal

text: dynamics

text: Given

text: the

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: practices

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: engaged

text: in

text: by

text: people

text: who

text: do

text: not

text: consider

text: themselves

text: as

text: practicing

text: BDSM

text: inclusion

text: in

text: the

text: BDSM

text: community

text: or

text: subculture

text: is

text: usually

text: dependent

text: on

text: self

text: identification

text: and

text: shared

text: experience

text: The

text: term

text: BDSM

text: is

text: first

text: recorded

text: in

text: Usenet

text: posting

text: from

text: and

text: is

text: interpreted

text: as

text: combination

text: of

text: the

text: abbreviations

text: Bondage

text: and

text: Discipline

text: Dominance

text: and

text: submission

text: and

text: Sadism

text: and

text: Masochism

text: BDSM

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: as

text: catch

text: all

text: phrase

text: covering

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: activities

text: forms

text: of

text: interpersonal

text: relationships

text: and

text: distinct

text: subcultures

text: BDSM

text: communities

text: generally

text: welcome

text: anyone

text: with

text: non

text: normative

text: streak

text: who

text: identifies

text: with

text: the

text: community

text: this

text: may

text: include

text: cross

text: dressers

text: body

text: modification

text: enthusiasts

text: animal

text: roleplayers

text: rubber

text: fetishists

text: and

text: others

text: The sex industry (also called the sex trade) consists of businesses which either directly or indirectly provide sex-related products and services or adult entertainment. The industry includes activities involving direct provision of sex-related services, such as prostitution, strip clubs, Host and hostess clubs and sex-related pastimes, such as pornography, sex-oriented men's magazines, sex movies, sex toys and fetish and BDSM paraphernalia. Sex channels for television and pre-paid sex movies for "on demand", are part of the sex industry, as are adult movie theaters, sex shops, and strip clubs.

text: The

text: sex

text: industry

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: sex

text: trade

text: consists

text: of

text: businesses

text: which

text: either

text: directly

text: or

text: indirectly

text: provide

text: sex

text: related

text: products

text: and

text: services

text: or

text: adult

text: entertainment

text: The

text: industry

text: includes

text: activities

text: involving

text: direct

text: provision

text: of

text: sex

text: related

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: prostitution

text: strip

text: clubs

text: Host

text: and

text: hostess

text: clubs

text: and

text: sex

text: related

text: pastimes

text: such

text: as

text: pornography

text: sex

text: oriented

text: men

text: 's

text: magazines

text: sex

text: movies

text: sex

text: toys

text: and

text: fetish

text: and

text: BDSM

text: paraphernalia

text: Sex

text: channels

text: for

text: television

text: and

text: pre

text: paid

text: sex

text: movies

text: for

text: on

text: demand

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: sex

text: industry

text: as

text: are

text: adult

text: movie

text: theaters

text: sex

text: shops

text: and

text: strip

text: clubs

text: Pornography (often abbreviated to porn or porno in informal language) is the portrayal of sexual subject matter for the purpose of sexual arousal. Pornography may be presented in a variety of media, including books, magazines, postcards, photographs, sculpture, drawing, painting, animation, sound recording, writing, film, video, and video games. The term applies to the depiction of the act rather than the act itself, and so does not include live exhibitions like sex shows and striptease. The primary subjects of pornographic depictions are pornographic models, who pose for still photographs, and pornographic actors or porn stars, who perform in pornographic films. If dramatic skills are not involved, a performer in a porn film may also be called a model.

text: Pornography

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: porn

text: or

text: porno

text: in

text: informal

text: language

text: is

text: the

text: portrayal

text: of

text: sexual

text: subject

text: matter

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: Pornography

text: may

text: be

text: presented

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: media

text: including

text: books

text: magazines

text: postcards

text: photographs

text: sculpture

text: drawing

text: painting

text: animation

text: sound

text: recording

text: writing

text: film

text: video

text: and

text: video

text: games

text: The

text: term

text: applies

text: to

text: the

text: depiction

text: of

text: the

text: act

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: act

text: itself

text: and

text: so

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: live

text: exhibitions

text: like

text: sex

text: shows

text: and

text: striptease

text: The

text: primary

text: subjects

text: of

text: pornographic

text: depictions

text: are

text: pornographic

text: models

text: who

text: pose

text: for

text: still

text: photographs

text: and

text: pornographic

text: actors

text: or

text: porn

text: stars

text: who

text: perform

text: in

text: pornographic

text: films

text: If

text: dramatic

text: skills

text: are

text: not

text: involved

text: performer

text: in

text: porn

text: film

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: called

text: model

text: Hostess clubs are a common feature in the night-time entertainment industry of East Asian countries. They employ primarily female staff and cater to males seeking drinks and attentive conversation. The modern host clubs are similar establishments where primarily male staff adhere to females. Host and hostess clubs are considered part of "mizu shbai" (literally "water trade"), the night-time entertainment business in Japan.

text: Hostess

text: clubs

text: are

text: common

text: feature

text: in

text: the

text: night

text: time

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: of

text: East

text: Asian

text: countries

text: They

text: employ

text: primarily

text: female

text: staff

text: and

text: cater

text: to

text: males

text: seeking

text: drinks

text: and

text: attentive

text: conversation

text: The

text: modern

text: host

text: clubs

text: are

text: similar

text: establishments

text: where

text: primarily

text: male

text: staff

text: adhere

text: to

text: females

text: Host

text: and

text: hostess

text: clubs

text: are

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: mizu

text: shbai

text: literally

text: water

text: trade

text: the

text: night

text: time

text: entertainment

text: business

text: in

text: Japan

text: A sex shop (also called adult shop, erotic shop or adult book store) is a retailer that sells products related to adult sexual or erotic entertainment, such as vibrators, lingerie, clothing, pornography, and other related products. The world's first sex shop was opened in 1962 by Beate Uhse AG in Flensburg, West Germany, and sex shops can now be found in many countries and online. Sex shops are part of the sex industry. In most jurisdictions, sex shops are regulated by law, with access not permitted to minors, the age depending on local law. Some jurisdictions prohibit sex shops and the merchandise they sell. In some jurisdictions that permit it, they may also show pornographic movies in private video booths, or have private striptease or peep shows. Also an adult movie theater may be attached. There are also many online sex shops selling a variety of adult content such as toys, fetish wear etc. These types of shop are often favoured by the consumer as they have less overheads and can be perused within the comfort of the home. Their discreetness is also appealing to some.

text: sex

text: shop

text: also

text: called

text: adult

text: shop

text: erotic

text: shop

text: or

text: adult

text: book

text: store

text: is

text: retailer

text: that

text: sells

text: products

text: related

text: to

text: adult

text: sexual

text: or

text: erotic

text: entertainment

text: such

text: as

text: vibrators

text: lingerie

text: clothing

text: pornography

text: and

text: other

text: related

text: products

text: The

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: sex

text: shop

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: by

text: Beate

text: Uhse

text: AG

text: in

text: Flensburg

text: West

text: Germany

text: and

text: sex

text: shops

text: can

text: now

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: and

text: online

text: Sex

text: shops

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: sex

text: industry

text: In

text: most

text: jurisdictions

text: sex

text: shops

text: are

text: regulated

text: by

text: law

text: with

text: access

text: not

text: permitted

text: to

text: minors

text: the

text: age

text: depending

text: on

text: local

text: law

text: Some

text: jurisdictions

text: prohibit

text: sex

text: shops

text: and

text: the

text: merchandise

text: they

text: sell

text: In

text: some

text: jurisdictions

text: that

text: permit

text: it

text: they

text: may

text: also

text: show

text: pornographic

text: movies

text: in

text: private

text: video

text: booths

text: or

text: have

text: private

text: striptease

text: or

text: peep

text: shows

text: Also

text: an

text: adult

text: movie

text: theater

text: may

text: be

text: attached

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: many

text: online

text: sex

text: shops

text: selling

text: variety

text: of

text: adult

text: content

text: such

text: as

text: toys

text: fetish

text: wear

text: etc

text: These

text: types

text: of

text: shop

text: are

text: often

text: favoured

text: by

text: the

text: consumer

text: as

text: they

text: have

text: less

text: overheads

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: perused

text: within

text: the

text: comfort

text: of

text: the

text: home

text: Their

text: discreetness

text: is

text: also

text: appealing

text: to

text: some

text: Strip clubs are venues that regularly provide adult entertainment, predominantly in the form of striptease or other erotic or exotic dances. Strip clubs typically adopt a nightclub or bar style, and can also adopt a theatre or cabaret-style. American-style strip clubs began to appear outside of North America after World War II, arriving in Asia in the late 1940s and Europe in the 1950s, where they competed against the local English and French styles of striptease and erotic performances.

text: Strip

text: clubs

text: are

text: venues

text: that

text: regularly

text: provide

text: adult

text: entertainment

text: predominantly

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: striptease

text: or

text: other

text: erotic

text: or

text: exotic

text: dances

text: Strip

text: clubs

text: typically

text: adopt

text: nightclub

text: or

text: bar

text: style

text: and

text: can

text: also

text: adopt

text: theatre

text: or

text: cabaret

text: style

text: American

text: style

text: strip

text: clubs

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: outside

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: arriving

text: in

text: Asia

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: Europe

text: in

text: the

text: where

text: they

text: competed

text: against

text: the

text: local

text: English

text: and

text: French

text: styles

text: of

text: striptease

text: and

text: erotic

text: performances

question: main_subject sex and shopping

answer: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution

text: prostitution