text: Pope Gregory XIII (7 January 1502  10 April 1585), born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 13 May 1572 to his death in 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally accepted civil calendar to this day.

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: XIII

text: January

text: April

text: born

text: Ugo

text: Boncompagni

text: was

text: Pope

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: from

text: May

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: commissioning

text: and

text: being

text: the

text: namesake

text: for

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: calendar

text: which

text: remains

text: the

text: internationally

text: accepted

text: civil

text: calendar

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on 1 January 45 BC (AUC 709) (shortly before the Roman conquest of Egypt), by edict. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was refined and gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. The Julian calendar gains against the mean tropical year at the rate of one day in 128 years. For the Gregorian the figure is one day in 3,030 years. The difference in the average length of the year between Julian (365.25 days) and Gregorian (365.2425 days) is 0.002%.

text: The

text: Julian

text: calendar

text: proposed

text: by

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: in

text: BC

text: AUC

text: was

text: reform

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: calendar

text: It

text: took

text: effect

text: on

text: January

text: BC

text: AUC

text: shortly

text: before

text: the

text: Roman

text: conquest

text: of

text: Egypt

text: by

text: edict

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: predominant

text: calendar

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: world

text: most

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: in

text: European

text: settlements

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: elsewhere

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: refined

text: and

text: gradually

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: calendar

text: promulgated

text: in

text: by

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: XIII

text: The

text: Julian

text: calendar

text: gains

text: against

text: the

text: mean

text: tropical

text: year

text: at

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: one

text: day

text: in

text: years

text: For

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: the

text: figure

text: is

text: one

text: day

text: in

text: years

text: The

text: difference

text: in

text: the

text: average

text: length

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: between

text: Julian

text: days

text: and

text: Gregorian

text: days

text: is

text: Thomas Tallis ( c. 1505 -- 23 November 1585 by the Julian calendar still then in use in England ) was an English composer who occupies a primary place in anthologies of English choral music , and is considered one of England 's greatest composers . He is honoured for his original voice in English musicianship . No contemporary portrait of Tallis survives : that painted by Gerard Vandergucht ( illustration ) , dates from 150 years after Tallis died , and there is no reason to suppose that it is a likeness . In a rare existing copy of his black letter signature , the composer spelled his last name `` Tallys . ''

text: Thomas

text: Tallis

text: November

text: by

text: the

text: Julian

text: calendar

text: still

text: then

text: in

text: use

text: in

text: England

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: composer

text: who

text: occupies

text: primary

text: place

text: in

text: anthologies

text: of

text: English

text: choral

text: music

text: and

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: England

text: 's

text: greatest

text: composers

text: He

text: is

text: honoured

text: for

text: his

text: original

text: voice

text: in

text: English

text: musicianship

text: No

text: contemporary

text: portrait

text: of

text: Tallis

text: survives

text: that

text: painted

text: by

text: Gerard

text: Vandergucht

text: illustration

text: dates

text: from

text: years

text: after

text: Tallis

text: died

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: reason

text: to

text: suppose

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: likeness

text: In

text: rare

text: existing

text: copy

text: of

text: his

text: black

text: letter

text: signature

text: the

text: composer

text: spelled

text: his

text: last

text: name

text: Tallys

annotations: likely single

question: religion thomas tallis

answer: catholic church

text: catholic church


text: The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: often

text: called

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: or

text: simply

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: distributed

text: over

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: just

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomerations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: global

text: power

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: exerts

text: significant

text: impact

text: upon

text: commerce

text: finance

text: media

text: art

text: fashion

text: research

text: technology

text: education

text: and

text: entertainment

text: its

text: fast

text: pace

text: defining

text: the

text: term

text: New

text: York

text: minute

text: Home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: for

text: international

text: diplomacy

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: financial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: is

text: contact

text: team

text: sport

text: played

text: on

text: ice

text: usually

text: in

text: rink

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: skaters

text: use

text: their

text: sticks

text: to

text: shoot

text: vulcanized

text: rubber

text: puck

text: into

text: their

text: opponent

text: 's

text: net

text: to

text: score

text: points

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: teams

text: usually

text: consist

text: of

text: six

text: players

text: each

text: one

text: goaltender

text: and

text: five

text: players

text: who

text: skate

text: up

text: and

text: down

text: the

text: ice

text: trying

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: puck

text: and

text: score

text: goal

text: against

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: Gerald Francis Goyer ( born October 20 , 1936 ) was a professional ice hockey player who played 40 games in the National Hockey League . He played with the Chicago Black Hawks . He was also a member of the Allan Cup champion Belleville McFarlands in 1957 - 58 .

text: Gerald

text: Francis

text: Goyer

text: born

text: October

text: was

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: player

text: who

text: played

text: games

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: He

text: played

text: with

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Black

text: Hawks

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Allan

text: Cup

text: champion

text: Belleville

text: McFarlands

text: in

text: Belleville (Canada 2011 Census population 49,454; census agglomeration population 92,540) is a city located at the mouth of the Moira River on the Bay of Quinte in Southern (Central) Ontario, Canada, along the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor. It is the seat of Hastings County, but politically independent of it, and is the centre of the Bay of Quinte Region.

text: Belleville

text: Canada

text: Census

text: population

text: census

text: agglomeration

text: population

text: is

text: city

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Moira

text: River

text: on

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Quinte

text: in

text: Southern

text: Central

text: Ontario

text: Canada

text: along

text: the

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Windsor

text: Corridor

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Hastings

text: County

text: but

text: politically

text: independent

text: of

text: it

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Quinte

text: Region

text: The National Hockey League (NHL) is a professional ice hockey league currently composed of 31 member clubs. Of the 30 clubs currently playing, 23 are in the United States and 7 in Canada. Headquartered in New York City, the NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.

text: The

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: is

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: currently

text: composed

text: of

text: member

text: clubs

text: Of

text: the

text: clubs

text: currently

text: playing

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: in

text: Canada

text: Headquartered

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: the

text: NHL

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: premier

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: professional

text: sports

text: leagues

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: The

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: the

text: oldest

text: professional

text: sports

text: trophy

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: is

text: awarded

text: annually

text: to

text: the

text: league

text: playoff

text: champion

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: each

text: season

text: The Belleville McFarlands were a men's senior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey Association Senior division from 1956 to 1961. The McFarlands were based out of Belleville, Ontario, playing home games at the Belleville Memorial Arena.

text: The

text: Belleville

text: McFarlands

text: were

text: men

text: 's

text: senior

text: ice

text: hockey

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: Ontario

text: Hockey

text: Association

text: Senior

text: division

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: McFarlands

text: were

text: based

text: out

text: of

text: Belleville

text: Ontario

text: playing

text: home

text: games

text: at

text: the

text: Belleville

text: Memorial

text: Arena

text: In ice hockey, the goaltender is the player responsible for preventing the hockey puck from entering their team's net, thus preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goaltender usually plays in or near the area in front of the net called the "goal crease" (often referred to simply as " the crease" or "the net"). Goaltenders tend to stay at or beyond the top of the crease to cut down on the angle of shots. In today's age of goaltending there are two common styles, butterfly and hybrid (hybrid is a mix of the traditional stand-up style and butterfly technique). Because of the power of shots, the goaltender wears special equipment designed to protect the body from direct impact. The goalie is one of the most valuable players on the ice, as their performance can greatly change the outcome or score of the game. One-on-one situations, such as breakaways and shootouts, have the tendency to highlight a goaltender's pure skill, or lack thereof. Only one goaltender is allowed to be on the ice for each team at any given time.

text: In

text: ice

text: hockey

text: the

text: goaltender

text: is

text: the

text: player

text: responsible

text: for

text: preventing

text: the

text: hockey

text: puck

text: from

text: entering

text: their

text: team

text: 's

text: net

text: thus

text: preventing

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: from

text: scoring

text: The

text: goaltender

text: usually

text: plays

text: in

text: or

text: near

text: the

text: area

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: net

text: called

text: the

text: goal

text: crease

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: the

text: crease

text: or

text: the

text: net

text: Goaltenders

text: tend

text: to

text: stay

text: at

text: or

text: beyond

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: crease

text: to

text: cut

text: down

text: on

text: the

text: angle

text: of

text: shots

text: In

text: today

text: 's

text: age

text: of

text: goaltending

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: common

text: styles

text: butterfly

text: and

text: hybrid

text: hybrid

text: is

text: mix

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: stand

text: up

text: style

text: and

text: butterfly

text: technique

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: shots

text: the

text: goaltender

text: wears

text: special

text: equipment

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: body

text: from

text: direct

text: impact

text: The

text: goalie

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: valuable

text: players

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: as

text: their

text: performance

text: can

text: greatly

text: change

text: the

text: outcome

text: or

text: score

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: One

text: on

text: one

text: situations

text: such

text: as

text: breakaways

text: and

text: shootouts

text: have

text: the

text: tendency

text: to

text: highlight

text: goaltender

text: 's

text: pure

text: skill

text: or

text: lack

text: thereof

text: Only

text: one

text: goaltender

text: is

text: allowed

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: for

text: each

text: team

text: at

text: any

text: given

text: time

question: position_played_on_team_/_speciality gerry goyer

answer: centre

text: centre


text: The Democratic Republic of the Congo national football team (formerly the Zaire national football team) is the national team of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and is controlled by the Fédération Congolaise de Football-Association (FECOFA). They are nicknamed "the Leopards".

text: The

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: formerly

text: the

text: Zaire

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: is

text: the

text: national

text: team

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: and

text: is

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: Fédération

text: Congolaise

text: de

text: Football

text: Association

text: FECOFA

text: They

text: are

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: Leopards

text: The Democratic Republic of the Congo , also known as DR Congo, DRC, DROC, East Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, or simply the Congo is a country located in Central Africa. From 1971 to 1997 it was named, and is sometimes still called Zaire, and from 1908 to 1960 it was called the Belgian Congo. The DRC borders the Central African Republic, and South Sudan to the north; Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania to the east; Zambia and Angola to the south; the Republic of the Congo to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. It is the second-largest country in Africa by area and eleventh largest in the world. With a population of over 80 million, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the most populated officially Francophone country, the fourth most-populated nation in Africa and the eighteenth most populated country in the world.

text: The

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: DR

text: Congo

text: DRC

text: DROC

text: East

text: Congo

text: Congo

text: Kinshasa

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: Congo

text: is

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: Central

text: Africa

text: From

text: to

text: it

text: was

text: named

text: and

text: is

text: sometimes

text: still

text: called

text: Zaire

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: it

text: was

text: called

text: the

text: Belgian

text: Congo

text: The

text: DRC

text: borders

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: and

text: South

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Uganda

text: Rwanda

text: Burundi

text: and

text: Tanzania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Zambia

text: and

text: Angola

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: Africa

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: eleventh

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: officially

text: Francophone

text: country

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populated

text: nation

text: in

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: most

text: populated

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Ngabu Yannick Bapupa ( born 21 January 1982 ) is a Congolese footballer who plays for as a midfielder and is currently a free agent after leaving his most recent club AFC United . He made his first cap for DR Congo national football team against Gabon on 25 March 2008 .

text: Ngabu

text: Yannick

text: Bapupa

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: Congolese

text: footballer

text: who

text: plays

text: for

text: as

text: midfielder

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: free

text: agent

text: after

text: leaving

text: his

text: most

text: recent

text: club

text: AFC

text: United

text: He

text: made

text: his

text: first

text: cap

text: for

text: DR

text: Congo

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: against

text: Gabon

text: on

text: March

text: A midfielder is an association football position. Midfielders are generally positioned on the field between their team's defenders and forwards. Some midfielders play a disciplined defensive role, breaking up attacks, and are otherwise known as defensive midfielders. Others blur the boundaries, being more mobile and efficient in passing: they are commonly referred to as deep-lying midfielders, play-makers, box-to-box, or holding midfielders. The number of midfielders on a team and their assigned roles depends on the team's formation; the collective group of these players on the field is sometimes referred to as the midfield.

text: midfielder

text: is

text: an

text: association

text: football

text: position

text: Midfielders

text: are

text: generally

text: positioned

text: on

text: the

text: field

text: between

text: their

text: team

text: 's

text: defenders

text: and

text: forwards

text: Some

text: midfielders

text: play

text: disciplined

text: defensive

text: role

text: breaking

text: up

text: attacks

text: and

text: are

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: defensive

text: midfielders

text: Others

text: blur

text: the

text: boundaries

text: being

text: more

text: mobile

text: and

text: efficient

text: in

text: passing

text: they

text: are

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: deep

text: lying

text: midfielders

text: play

text: makers

text: box

text: to

text: box

text: or

text: holding

text: midfielders

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: midfielders

text: on

text: team

text: and

text: their

text: assigned

text: roles

text: depends

text: on

text: the

text: team

text: 's

text: formation

text: the

text: collective

text: group

text: of

text: these

text: players

text: on

text: the

text: field

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: midfield

question: place_of_birth yannick bapupa

answer: kinshasa

text: kinshasa


text: Jamie Burnett ( born 16 September 1975 ) is a professional snooker player from Hamilton , South Lanarkshire .

text: Jamie

text: Burnett

text: born

text: September

text: is

text: professional

text: snooker

text: player

text: from

text: Hamilton

text: South

text: Lanarkshire

text: Glasgow  is the largest city in Scotland, and third largest in the United Kingdom. Historically part of Lanarkshire, it is now one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. It is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians.

text: Glasgow

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Scotland

text: and

text: third

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Historically

text: part

text: of

text: Lanarkshire

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: council

text: areas

text: of

text: Scotland

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Clyde

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: West

text: Central

text: Lowlands

text: Inhabitants

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Glaswegians

text: A council area is one of the areas defined in Schedule 1 of the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 and is under the control of one of the local authorities in Scotland created by that Act.

text: council

text: area

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: areas

text: defined

text: in

text: Schedule

text: of

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: etc

text: Scotland

text: Act

text: and

text: is

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: local

text: authorities

text: in

text: Scotland

text: created

text: by

text: that

text: Act

text: Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 local government council areas. Located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth's southern shore, it is Scotland's second most populous city and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom. The 2014 official population estimates are 464,990 for the city of Edinburgh, 492,680 for the local authority area, and 1,339,380 for the city region as of 2014 (Edinburgh lies at the heart of the proposed Edinburgh and South East Scotland city region). Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is home to the Scottish Parliament and the seat of the monarchy in Scotland. The city is also the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and home to national institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland, the National Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery. It is the largest financial centre in the UK after London.

text: Edinburgh

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: local

text: government

text: council

text: areas

text: Located

text: in

text: Lothian

text: on

text: the

text: Firth

text: of

text: Forth

text: 's

text: southern

text: shore

text: it

text: is

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The

text: official

text: population

text: estimates

text: are

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: for

text: the

text: local

text: authority

text: area

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: region

text: as

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: lies

text: at

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: Edinburgh

text: and

text: South

text: East

text: Scotland

text: city

text: region

text: Recognised

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Scotland

text: since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: Edinburgh

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Parliament

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: in

text: Scotland

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: annual

text: venue

text: of

text: the

text: General

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: home

text: to

text: national

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: Scotland

text: the

text: National

text: Library

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: the

text: Scottish

text: National

text: Gallery

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: financial

text: centre

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: after

text: London

text: Carlisle (or from Cumbric: "Caer Luel" ) is a city and the county town of Cumbria. Historically in Cumberland, it is also the administrative centre of the City of Carlisle district in North West England. Carlisle is located at the confluence of the rivers Eden, Caldew and Petteril, south of the Scottish border. It is the largest settlement in the county of Cumbria, and serves as the administrative centre for both Carlisle City Council and Cumbria County Council. At the time of the 2001 census, the population of Carlisle was 71,773, with 100,734 living in the wider city. Ten years later, at the 2011 census, the city's population had risen to 75,306, with 107,524 in the wider city.

text: Carlisle

text: or

text: from

text: Cumbric

text: Caer

text: Luel

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: county

text: town

text: of

text: Cumbria

text: Historically

text: in

text: Cumberland

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Carlisle

text: district

text: in

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: Carlisle

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: rivers

text: Eden

text: Caldew

text: and

text: Petteril

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Scottish

text: border

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: settlement

text: in

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Cumbria

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: for

text: both

text: Carlisle

text: City

text: Council

text: and

text: Cumbria

text: County

text: Council

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Carlisle

text: was

text: with

text: living

text: in

text: the

text: wider

text: city

text: Ten

text: years

text: later

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: risen

text: to

text: with

text: in

text: the

text: wider

text: city

text: Hamilton is a town in South Lanarkshire, in the central Lowlands of Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It is the fourth-biggest town in Scotland. It sits south-east of Glasgow, south-west of Edinburgh and north of Carlisle, Cumbria. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the historical county town of Lanarkshire.

text: Hamilton

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: South

text: Lanarkshire

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Scotland

text: It

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Lanarkshire

text: council

text: area

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: biggest

text: town

text: in

text: Scotland

text: It

text: sits

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: Glasgow

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: Carlisle

text: Cumbria

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Clyde

text: at

text: its

text: confluence

text: with

text: the

text: Avon

text: Water

text: Hamilton

text: is

text: the

text: historical

text: county

text: town

text: of

text: Lanarkshire

text: South Lanarkshire is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the City of Glasgow and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburbs. It also contains many towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes part of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

text: South

text: Lanarkshire

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: unitary

text: authorities

text: of

text: Scotland

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Glasgow

text: and

text: contains

text: some

text: of

text: Greater

text: Glasgow

text: 's

text: suburbs

text: It

text: also

text: contains

text: many

text: towns

text: and

text: villages

text: It

text: also

text: shares

text: borders

text: with

text: Dumfries

text: and

text: Galloway

text: East

text: Ayrshire

text: East

text: Renfrewshire

text: North

text: Lanarkshire

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Borders

text: and

text: West

text: Lothian

text: It

text: includes

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: historic

text: county

text: of

text: Lanarkshire

text: The Central Lowlands or Midland Valley is a geologically defined area of relatively low-lying land in southern Scotland. It consists of a rift valley between the Highland Boundary Fault to the north and the Southern Uplands Fault to the south. The Central Lowlands are one of the three main geographical sub-divisions of Scotland, the other two being the Highlands and Islands which lie to the north, northwest and the Southern Uplands, which lie south of the associated second fault line.

text: The

text: Central

text: Lowlands

text: or

text: Midland

text: Valley

text: is

text: geologically

text: defined

text: area

text: of

text: relatively

text: low

text: lying

text: land

text: in

text: southern

text: Scotland

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: rift

text: valley

text: between

text: the

text: Highland

text: Boundary

text: Fault

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Southern

text: Uplands

text: Fault

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Central

text: Lowlands

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: main

text: geographical

text: sub

text: divisions

text: of

text: Scotland

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: being

text: the

text: Highlands

text: and

text: Islands

text: which

text: lie

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: northwest

text: and

text: the

text: Southern

text: Uplands

text: which

text: lie

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: associated

text: second

text: fault

text: line

text: The River Clyde is a river, that flows into the Firth of Clyde in Scotland. It is the eighth-longest river in the United Kingdom, and the second-longest in Scotland. Flowing through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British Empire. In the early medieval Cumbric language it was known as "Clud" or "Clut", and was central to the Kingdom of Strathclyde ("Teyrnas Ystrad Clut").

text: The

text: River

text: Clyde

text: is

text: river

text: that

text: flows

text: into

text: the

text: Firth

text: of

text: Clyde

text: in

text: Scotland

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: longest

text: river

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: longest

text: in

text: Scotland

text: Flowing

text: through

text: the

text: major

text: city

text: of

text: Glasgow

text: it

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: river

text: for

text: shipbuilding

text: and

text: trade

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: medieval

text: Cumbric

text: language

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Clud

text: or

text: Clut

text: and

text: was

text: central

text: to

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Strathclyde

text: Teyrnas

text: Ystrad

text: Clut

text: Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.

text: Scotland

text: Scots

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: covers

text: the

text: northern

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: shares

text: border

text: with

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: otherwise

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Channel

text: and

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: mainland

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: islands

text: including

text: the

text: Northern

text: Isles

text: and

text: the

text: Hebrides

text: Avon Water, also known locally as the River Avon, is a river in Scotland, and a tributary of the River Clyde.

text: Avon

text: Water

text: also

text: known

text: locally

text: as

text: the

text: River

text: Avon

text: is

text: river

text: in

text: Scotland

text: and

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Clyde

text: Lanarkshire, also called the County of Lanark is a historic county in the central Lowlands of Scotland.

text: Lanarkshire

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: County

text: of

text: Lanark

text: is

text: historic

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Scotland

question: country_of_citizenship jamie burnett

answer: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland

text: scotland


text: Bishkek (and ] respectively), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of the Kyrgyz Republic. Bishkek is also the administrative center of the Chuy Region. The province surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of the province, but rather a province-level unit of Kyrgyzstan.

text: Bishkek

text: and

text: respectively

text: formerly

text: Pishpek

text: and

text: Frunze

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Kyrgyz

text: Republic

text: Bishkek

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: administrative

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Chuy

text: Region

text: The

text: province

text: surrounds

text: the

text: city

text: although

text: the

text: city

text: itself

text: is

text: not

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: but

text: rather

text: province

text: level

text: unit

text: of

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces can locally raise the surface of the earth. Mountains erode slowly through the action of rivers, weather conditions, and glaciers. A few mountains are isolated summits, but most occur in huge mountain ranges.

text: mountain

text: is

text: large

text: landform

text: that

text: stretches

text: above

text: the

text: surrounding

text: land

text: in

text: limited

text: area

text: usually

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: peak

text: mountain

text: is

text: generally

text: steeper

text: than

text: hill

text: Mountains

text: are

text: formed

text: through

text: tectonic

text: forces

text: or

text: volcanism

text: These

text: forces

text: can

text: locally

text: raise

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: earth

text: Mountains

text: erode

text: slowly

text: through

text: the

text: action

text: of

text: rivers

text: weather

text: conditions

text: and

text: glaciers

text: few

text: mountains

text: are

text: isolated

text: summits

text: but

text: most

text: occur

text: in

text: huge

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: Tajikistan (, or ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ("Çumhuriji Toçikiston"), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

text: Tajikistan

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: Çumhuriji

text: Toçikiston

text: is

text: mountainous

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Pakistan

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: separated

text: by

text: the

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: Traditional

text: homelands

text: of

text: Tajik

text: people

text: included

text: present

text: day

text: Tajikistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: Mount Adelung is the highest peak in Pskem Range in the extreme north-east of the Tashkent Province, Uzbekistan. Mount Adelung is the highest point of Tashkent Province at 4,301 meters, just 2 meters higher than the nearby Mount Beshtor, located a little further to the south-west in the same range, and it is often erroneously identified in various web sources as the "highest point in Uzbekistan". In fact, this honor goes to the Khazret Sultan, a peak with an altitude of 4,643 m in Surkhandarya Province, in the Uzbek part of the Gissar Range, on the border with Tajikistan, which was formerly known as "Peak of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party".

text: Mount

text: Adelung

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: peak

text: in

text: Pskem

text: Range

text: in

text: the

text: extreme

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Tashkent

text: Province

text: Uzbekistan

text: Mount

text: Adelung

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: of

text: Tashkent

text: Province

text: at

text: meters

text: just

text: meters

text: higher

text: than

text: the

text: nearby

text: Mount

text: Beshtor

text: located

text: little

text: further

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: range

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: erroneously

text: identified

text: in

text: various

text: web

text: sources

text: as

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: Uzbekistan

text: In

text: fact

text: this

text: honor

text: goes

text: to

text: the

text: Khazret

text: Sultan

text: peak

text: with

text: an

text: altitude

text: of

text: in

text: Surkhandarya

text: Province

text: in

text: the

text: Uzbek

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Tajikistan

text: which

text: was

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Peak

text: of

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: Kazakhstan ( "Qazaqstan",  "Kazakhstan"), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan ("Qazaqstan Respwblïkas" "Respublika Kazakhstan"), is a transcontinental country in northern Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of . Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.

text: Kazakhstan

text: Qazaqstan

text: Kazakhstan

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: Qazaqstan

text: Respwblïkas

text: Respublika

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: in

text: northern

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: landlocked

text: country

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: is

text: the

text: dominant

text: nation

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: economically

text: generating

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: GDP

text: primarily

text: through

text: its

text: oil

text: gas

text: industry

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: vast

text: mineral

text: resources

text: Turkmenistan (or  ); formerly known as Turkmenia is a country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

text: Turkmenistan

text: or

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Turkmenia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: bordered

text: by

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: A province is almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman "provincia", which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries, and in those with no actual provinces, it has come to mean "outside the capital city". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of federal authority, especially in Canada. In other countries, like China, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.

text: province

text: is

text: almost

text: always

text: an

text: administrative

text: division

text: within

text: country

text: or

text: state

text: The

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: provincia

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: major

text: territorial

text: and

text: administrative

text: unit

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: 's

text: territorial

text: possessions

text: outside

text: Italy

text: The

text: term

text: province

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: adopted

text: by

text: many

text: countries

text: and

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: no

text: actual

text: provinces

text: it

text: has

text: come

text: to

text: mean

text: outside

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: While

text: some

text: provinces

text: were

text: produced

text: artificially

text: by

text: colonial

text: powers

text: others

text: were

text: formed

text: around

text: local

text: groups

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: ethnic

text: identities

text: Many

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: powers

text: independent

text: of

text: federal

text: authority

text: especially

text: in

text: Canada

text: In

text: other

text: countries

text: like

text: China

text: provinces

text: are

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: central

text: government

text: with

text: very

text: little

text: autonomy

text: Kyrgyzstan (; "Kyrgyzstan"), officially the Kyrgyz Republic ("Krgz Respublikas"; "Kyrgyzskaya Respublika"), formerly known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west and southwest, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east. Its capital and largest city is Bishkek.

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: officially

text: the

text: Kyrgyz

text: Republic

text: Krgz

text: Respublikas

text: Kyrgyzskaya

text: Respublika

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Kirghizia

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: Landlocked

text: and

text: mountainous

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: southwest

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bishkek

text: Khazret Sultan (in Uzbek Hazrati Sulton choqqisi) is a mountain and the highest point of Uzbekistan, with an elevation of 4,643 metres (15,233 ft). It is located on the border between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, in Surkhandarya Province, in the Uzbek part of the Gissar Range. This mountain was formerly known as "Peak of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party".

text: Khazret

text: Sultan

text: in

text: Uzbek

text: Hazrati

text: Sulton

text: choqqisi

text: is

text: mountain

text: and

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: with

text: an

text: elevation

text: of

text: metres

text: ft

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: between

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: in

text: Surkhandarya

text: Province

text: in

text: the

text: Uzbek

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: This

text: mountain

text: was

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Peak

text: of

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text:
Gissar Range (also known as Hissar or Hisor Range) is a mountain range in Central Asia, in the western part of the Pamir-Alay system, stretching over 200 km in the general east-west direction across the territory of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
Geography.
The Gissar Range lies south of the Zeravshan Range, extending north of Dushanbe through Tajikistan's Gissar District of the Districts of Republican Subordination and reaching Uzbekistan at the north tip of Surkhandarya Province. The highest point in the Gissar Range at is located in Uzbekistan on the border with Tajikistan, just north-west of Dushanbe. Formerly known as "Peak of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party", the Khazret Sultan is also the highest point in all Uzbekistan. The Gissar Range is composed of crystalline rocks, schist, and sandstone, punctured by granite intrusions.

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hissar

text: or

text: Hisor

text: Range

text: is

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Pamir

text: Alay

text: system

text: stretching

text: over

text: km

text: in

text: the

text: general

text: east

text: west

text: direction

text: across

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: Geography

text: The

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: lies

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Zeravshan

text: Range

text: extending

text: north

text: of

text: Dushanbe

text: through

text: Tajikistan

text: 's

text: Gissar

text: District

text: of

text: the

text: Districts

text: of

text: Republican

text: Subordination

text: and

text: reaching

text: Uzbekistan

text: at

text: the

text: north

text: tip

text: of

text: Surkhandarya

text: Province

text: The

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: at

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Uzbekistan

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Tajikistan

text: just

text: north

text: west

text: of

text: Dushanbe

text: Formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Peak

text: of

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: the

text: Khazret

text: Sultan

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: all

text: Uzbekistan

text: The

text: Gissar

text: Range

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: crystalline

text: rocks

text: schist

text: and

text: sandstone

text: punctured

text: by

text: granite

text: intrusions

text: An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province or state. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet period as Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, or ASSRs.

text: An

text: autonomous

text: republic

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: similar

text: to

text: province

text: or

text: state

text: significant

text: number

text: of

text: autonomous

text: republics

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: within

text: the

text: successor

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: but

text: the

text: majority

text: are

text: located

text: within

text: Russia

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: republics

text: were

text: established

text: during

text: the

text: Soviet

text: period

text: as

text: Autonomous

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: or

text: ASSRs

text: Mount Beshtor ( Russian :   , also  -  ) rises to 4,299 m in Pskem Range in the north - eastern tip of Uzbekistan 's Tashkent Province . Located on the southern border with Kyrgyzstan , a short distance to the south - west from another towering peak in Pskem Range , Mount Adelung ( Adelunga Toghi , 4,301 m ) . Beshtor is the second highest peak in both Tashkent Province and the Pskem Range .

text: Mount

text: Beshtor

text: Russian

text: also

text: rises

text: to

text: in

text: Pskem

text: Range

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: eastern

text: tip

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: 's

text: Tashkent

text: Province

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: with

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: short

text: distance

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: from

text: another

text: towering

text: peak

text: in

text: Pskem

text: Range

text: Mount

text: Adelung

text: Adelunga

text: Toghi

text: Beshtor

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: peak

text: in

text: both

text: Tashkent

text: Province

text: and

text: the

text: Pskem

text: Range

text: Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , "Afnistn"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world.

text: Afghanistan

text: Pashto

text: Dari

text: Afnistn

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: located

text: within

text: South

text: Asia

text: and

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Pakistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: Iran

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Turkmenistan

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: Its

text: territory

text: covers

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs , , ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as Eurasian sub-continent. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan.

text: The

text: Kazakhs

text: also

text: spelled

text: Kazaks

text: Qazaqs

text: the

text: English

text: name

text: is

text: transliterated

text: from

text: Russian

text: are

text: Turkic

text: people

text: who

text: mainly

text: inhabit

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: Ural

text: mountains

text: and

text: northern

text: parts

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: largely

text: Kazakhstan

text: but

text: also

text: found

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: China

text: Russia

text: and

text: Mongolia

text: the

text: region

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Eurasian

text: sub

text: continent

text: Kazakh

text: identity

text: is

text: of

text: medieval

text: origin

text: and

text: was

text: strongly

text: shaped

text: by

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: the

text: Kazakh

text: Khanate

text: between

text: and

text: when

text: several

text: tribes

text: under

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: sultans

text: Zhanibek

text: and

text: Kerey

text: departed

text: from

text: the

text: Khanate

text: of

text: Abu'l

text: Khayr

text: Khan

text: China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.

text: China

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: PRC

text: is

text: unitary

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: billion

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: Beijing

text: It

text: exercises

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: provinces

text: five

text: autonomous

text: regions

text: four

text: direct

text: controlled

text: municipalities

text: Beijing

text: Tianjin

text: Shanghai

text: and

text: Chongqing

text: and

text: two

text: mostly

text: self

text: governing

text: special

text: administrative

text: regions

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: Macau

text: and

text: claims

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: Taiwan

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Shanghai

text: Guangzhou

text: Beijing

text: Chongqing

text: Shenzhen

text: Tianjin

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: China

text: is

text: great

text: power

text: and

text: major

text: regional

text: power

text: within

text: Asia

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: characterized

text: as

text: potential

text: superpower

text: Central Asia or Middle Asia is the core region of the Asian continent and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north. It is also colloquially referred to as "the 'stans" (as the six countries generally considered to be within the region all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan", meaning "land of") and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent.

text: Central

text: Asia

text: or

text: Middle

text: Asia

text: is

text: the

text: core

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Asian

text: continent

text: and

text: stretches

text: from

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: from

text: Afghanistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: to

text: Russia

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: colloquially

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: stans

text: as

text: the

text: six

text: countries

text: generally

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: within

text: the

text: region

text: all

text: have

text: names

text: ending

text: with

text: the

text: Persian

text: suffix

text: -stan

text: meaning

text: land

text: of

text: and

text: is

text: within

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: wider

text: Eurasian

text: continent

text: Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia. It is a unitary, constitutional, presidential republic, comprising twelve provinces, one autonomous republic and a capital city. Uzbekistan is bordered by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.

text: Uzbekistan

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Uzbekistan

text: is

text: doubly

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: constitutional

text: presidential

text: republic

text: comprising

text: twelve

text: provinces

text: one

text: autonomous

text: republic

text: and

text: capital

text: city

text: Uzbekistan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: five

text: landlocked

text: countries

text: Kazakhstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

annotations: follows single

question: instance_of mount beshtor

answer: mountain

text: mountain

text: mountain

text: mountain

text: mountain

text: mountain

text: mountain


text: Trevor Griffiths (born 4 April 1935, Ancoats, Manchester), is an English dramatist.

text: Trevor

text: Griffiths

text: born

text: April

text: Ancoats

text: Manchester

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: dramatist

text: Martin Shaw (born 21 January 1945) is an English actor. He is known for his roles in the television series "The Professionals", "The Chief", "Judge John Deed" and "Inspector George Gently". He has also acted on stage and in film, and has narrated numerous audiobooks and presented various television series, including the 2006 series "".

text: Martin

text: Shaw

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: actor

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: roles

text: in

text: the

text: television

text: series

text: The

text: Professionals

text: The

text: Chief

text: Judge

text: John

text: Deed

text: and

text: Inspector

text: George

text: Gently

text: He

text: has

text: also

text: acted

text: on

text: stage

text: and

text: in

text: film

text: and

text: has

text: narrated

text: numerous

text: audiobooks

text: and

text: presented

text: various

text: television

text: series

text: including

text: the

text: series

text: Inspector George Gently (also known as George Gently for the pilot and first series) is a British television crime drama series produced by Company Pictures for BBC One, set in the 1960s and loosely based on some of the "Inspector Gently" novels written by Alan Hunter. The series features Martin Shaw as the eponymous Inspector, Lee Ingleby as Detective Sergeant John Bacchus, and Simon Hubbard and Lisa McGrillis in supporting roles as police constables for the fictitious North East Police Constabulary.

text: Inspector

text: George

text: Gently

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: George

text: Gently

text: for

text: the

text: pilot

text: and

text: first

text: series

text: is

text: British

text: television

text: crime

text: drama

text: series

text: produced

text: by

text: Company

text: Pictures

text: for

text: BBC

text: One

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: loosely

text: based

text: on

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: Inspector

text: Gently

text: novels

text: written

text: by

text: Alan

text: Hunter

text: The

text: series

text: features

text: Martin

text: Shaw

text: as

text: the

text: eponymous

text: Inspector

text: Lee

text: Ingleby

text: as

text: Detective

text: Sergeant

text: John

text: Bacchus

text: and

text: Simon

text: Hubbard

text: and

text: Lisa

text: McGrillis

text: in

text: supporting

text: roles

text: as

text: police

text: constables

text: for

text: the

text: fictitious

text: North

text: East

text: Police

text: Constabulary

text: St Antony's College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1950 as the result of the gift of French merchant Sir Antonin Besse of Aden, St Antony's is one of the most cosmopolitan of the University of Oxford's colleges and is considered to be a centre of excellence for study and research in the fields of international relations, economics, politics, and area studies. The college's areas of specialist study include Europe, Russia and the former Soviet states, Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, Japan, China, and South and South East Asia.

text: St

text: Antony

text: 's

text: College

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: constituent

text: colleges

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: in

text: England

text: Founded

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: gift

text: of

text: French

text: merchant

text: Sir

text: Antonin

text: Besse

text: of

text: Aden

text: St

text: Antony

text: 's

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: cosmopolitan

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: 's

text: colleges

text: and

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: centre

text: of

text: excellence

text: for

text: study

text: and

text: research

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: international

text: relations

text: economics

text: politics

text: and

text: area

text: studies

text: The

text: college

text: 's

text: areas

text: of

text: specialist

text: study

text: include

text: Europe

text: Russia

text: and

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: states

text: Latin

text: America

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: Africa

text: Japan

text: China

text: and

text: South

text: and

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: The Observer is a British newspaper, published on Sundays. In the same place on the political spectrum as its sister papers "The Guardian" and "The Guardian Weekly", whose parent company Guardian Media Group Limited acquired it in 1993, it claims to take a social liberal or social democratic line on most issues. First published in 1791, it is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper.

text: The

text: Observer

text: is

text: British

text: newspaper

text: published

text: on

text: Sundays

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: place

text: on

text: the

text: political

text: spectrum

text: as

text: its

text: sister

text: papers

text: The

text: Guardian

text: and

text: The

text: Guardian

text: Weekly

text: whose

text: parent

text: company

text: Guardian

text: Media

text: Group

text: Limited

text: acquired

text: it

text: in

text: it

text: claims

text: to

text: take

text: social

text: liberal

text: or

text: social

text: democratic

text: line

text: on

text: most

text: issues

text: First

text: published

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: Sunday

text: newspaper

text: Roland Huntford (born R. Horwitch in 1927) is an author, principally of biographies of Polar explorers. He lives in Cambridge, and was formerly Scandinavian correspondent of "The Observer", also acting as their winter sports correspondent. He was the 198687 Alistair Horne Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford.

text: Roland

text: Huntford

text: born

text: Horwitch

text: in

text: is

text: an

text: author

text: principally

text: of

text: biographies

text: of

text: Polar

text: explorers

text: He

text: lives

text: in

text: Cambridge

text: and

text: was

text: formerly

text: Scandinavian

text: correspondent

text: of

text: The

text: Observer

text: also

text: acting

text: as

text: their

text: winter

text: sports

text: correspondent

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: Alistair

text: Horne

text: Fellow

text: at

text: St

text: Antony

text: 's

text: College

text: Oxford

text: The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is (subject to the caveats explained below) defined as the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface.

text: The

text: North

text: Pole

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Geographic

text: North

text: Pole

text: or

text: Terrestrial

text: North

text: Pole

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: caveats

text: explained

text: below

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: where

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: axis

text: of

text: rotation

text: meets

text: its

text: surface

text: Norway (; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Sami: "Norgga"), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard. The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land. Until 1814, the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands (since 1035), Greenland (1261), and Iceland (1262). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468. It also included the following provinces, now in Sweden: Jämtland, Härjedalen and Bohuslän.

text: Norway

text: Norwegian

text: Bokmål

text: or

text: Nynorsk

text: Sami

text: Norgga

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Norway

text: is

text: sovereign

text: and

text: unitary

text: monarchy

text: whose

text: territory

text: comprises

text: the

text: western

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Scandinavian

text: Peninsula

text: plus

text: the

text: island

text: Jan

text: Mayen

text: and

text: the

text: archipelago

text: of

text: Svalbard

text: The

text: Antarctic

text: Peter

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: sub

text: Antarctic

text: Bouvet

text: Island

text: are

text: dependent

text: territories

text: and

text: thus

text: not

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: Norway

text: also

text: lays

text: claim

text: to

text: section

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: known

text: as

text: Queen

text: Maud

text: Land

text: Until

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: included

text: the

text: Faroe

text: Islands

text: since

text: Greenland

text: and

text: Iceland

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: Shetland

text: and

text: Orkney

text: until

text: It

text: also

text: included

text: the

text: following

text: provinces

text: now

text: in

text: Sweden

text: Jämtland

text: Härjedalen

text: and

text: Bohuslän

text: An audiobook (or talking book) is a recording of a text being read. A reading of the complete text is noted as "unabridged", while readings of a reduced version, or abridgement of the text are labeled as "abridged".

text: An

text: audiobook

text: or

text: talking

text: book

text: is

text: recording

text: of

text: text

text: being

text: read

text: reading

text: of

text: the

text: complete

text: text

text: is

text: noted

text: as

text: unabridged

text: while

text: readings

text: of

text: reduced

text: version

text: or

text: abridgement

text: of

text: the

text: text

text: are

text: labeled

text: as

text: abridged

text: The Last Place on Earth is a 1985 Central Television seven - part serial , written by Trevor Griffiths based on the book Scott and Amundsen by Roland Huntford . The book is an exploration of the expeditions of Captain Robert F. Scott ( played by Martin Shaw ) and his Norwegian rival in polar exploration , Roald Amundsen ( played by Sverre Anker Ousdal ) in their attempts to reach the South Pole . The series ran for seven episodes and starred a wide range of UK and Norwegian character actors as well as featuring some famous names , such as Max von Sydow , Richard Wilson , Sylvester McCoy , Brian Dennehy , and Pat Roach . It also featured performances early in their careers by Bill Nighy and Hugh Grant . Subsequently Huntford 's book was republished under the same name . The book put forth the point of view that Amundsen 's success in reaching the South Pole was abetted by much superior planning , whereas errors by Scott ( notably including the reliance on man - hauling instead of sled dogs ) ultimately resulted in the death of him and his companions .

text: The

text: Last

text: Place

text: on

text: Earth

text: is

text: Central

text: Television

text: seven

text: part

text: serial

text: written

text: by

text: Trevor

text: Griffiths

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: book

text: Scott

text: and

text: Amundsen

text: by

text: Roland

text: Huntford

text: The

text: book

text: is

text: an

text: exploration

text: of

text: the

text: expeditions

text: of

text: Captain

text: Robert

text: Scott

text: played

text: by

text: Martin

text: Shaw

text: and

text: his

text: Norwegian

text: rival

text: in

text: polar

text: exploration

text: Roald

text: Amundsen

text: played

text: by

text: Sverre

text: Anker

text: Ousdal

text: in

text: their

text: attempts

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: South

text: Pole

text: The

text: series

text: ran

text: for

text: seven

text: episodes

text: and

text: starred

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: UK

text: and

text: Norwegian

text: character

text: actors

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: featuring

text: some

text: famous

text: names

text: such

text: as

text: Max

text: von

text: Sydow

text: Richard

text: Wilson

text: Sylvester

text: McCoy

text: Brian

text: Dennehy

text: and

text: Pat

text: Roach

text: It

text: also

text: featured

text: performances

text: early

text: in

text: their

text: careers

text: by

text: Bill

text: Nighy

text: and

text: Hugh

text: Grant

text: Subsequently

text: Huntford

text: 's

text: book

text: was

text: republished

text: under

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: The

text: book

text: put

text: forth

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: view

text: that

text: Amundsen

text: 's

text: success

text: in

text: reaching

text: the

text: South

text: Pole

text: was

text: abetted

text: by

text: much

text: superior

text: planning

text: whereas

text: errors

text: by

text: Scott

text: notably

text: including

text: the

text: reliance

text: on

text: man

text: hauling

text: instead

text: of

text: sled

text: dogs

text: ultimately

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: him

text: and

text: his

text: companions

text: Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (16 July 1872  c. 18 June 1928) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He led the Antarctic expedition of 191012 which was the first to reach the South Pole, on 14 December 1911. In 1926, he was the first expedition leader for the air expedition to the North Pole.

text: Roald

text: Engelbregt

text: Gravning

text: Amundsen

text: July

text: June

text: was

text: Norwegian

text: explorer

text: of

text: polar

text: regions

text: He

text: led

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: expedition

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: South

text: Pole

text: on

text: December

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: expedition

text: leader

text: for

text: the

text: air

text: expedition

text: to

text: the

text: North

text: Pole

text: The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole.

text: The

text: South

text: Pole

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Geographic

text: South

text: Pole

text: or

text: Terrestrial

text: South

text: Pole

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: points

text: where

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: axis

text: of

text: rotation

text: intersects

text: its

text: surface

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: southernmost

text: point

text: on

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: and

text: lies

text: on

text: the

text: opposite

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: from

text: the

text: North

text: Pole

text: Sverre Anker Ousdal (born 18 July 1944) is a Norwegian actor born in Flekkefjord, Norway.

text: Sverre

text: Anker

text: Ousdal

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: Norwegian

text: actor

text: born

text: in

text: Flekkefjord

text: Norway

text: Flekkefjord is the westernmost municipality of the geographical region of Sørlandet. Flekkefjord is approximately midway between the cities of Kristiansand and Stavanger, located along European route E39 and the Sørlandet Line.

text: Flekkefjord

text: is

text: the

text: westernmost

text: municipality

text: of

text: the

text: geographical

text: region

text: of

text: Sørlandet

text: Flekkefjord

text: is

text: approximately

text: midway

text: between

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Kristiansand

text: and

text: Stavanger

text: located

text: along

text: European

text: route

text: and

text: the

text: Sørlandet

text: Line

text: Ancoats is an inner city area of Manchester, North West England, next to the Northern Quarter and the northern part of Manchester city centre.

text: Ancoats

text: is

text: an

text: inner

text: city

text: area

text: of

text: Manchester

text: North

text: West

text: England

text: next

text: to

text: the

text: Northern

text: Quarter

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: Manchester

text: city

text: centre

text: Manchester is a major city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 514,414 . It lies within the United Kingdom's second-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.55 million. Manchester is fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east and an arc of towns with which it forms a continuous conurbation. The local authority is Manchester City Council.

text: Manchester

text: is

text: major

text: city

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: borough

text: in

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: England

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: It

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Manchester

text: is

text: fringed

text: by

text: the

text: Cheshire

text: Plain

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Pennines

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: and

text: an

text: arc

text: of

text: towns

text: with

text: which

text: it

text: forms

text: continuous

text: conurbation

text: The

text: local

text: authority

text: is

text: Manchester

text: City

text: Council

text: Judge John Deed is a British legal drama television series produced by the BBC in association with One-Eyed Dog for BBC One. It was created by G.F. Newman and stars Martin Shaw as Justice Sir John Deed, a High Court judge who tries to seek real justice in the cases before him. It also stars Jenny Seagrove as the barrister Jo Mills QC, frequently the object of Deed's desire. A pilot episode was broadcast on 9 January 2001, followed by the first full series on 26 November 2001. The sixth and last series concluded on 18 January 2007. The programme then went on an indefinite break after Shaw became involved in another television programme, and he and Seagrove expressed a wish for the format of the series to change before they filmed new episodes. By 2009, the series had officially been cancelled.

text: Judge

text: John

text: Deed

text: is

text: British

text: legal

text: drama

text: television

text: series

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: BBC

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: One

text: Eyed

text: Dog

text: for

text: BBC

text: One

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: G.F.

text: Newman

text: and

text: stars

text: Martin

text: Shaw

text: as

text: Justice

text: Sir

text: John

text: Deed

text: High

text: Court

text: judge

text: who

text: tries

text: to

text: seek

text: real

text: justice

text: in

text: the

text: cases

text: before

text: him

text: It

text: also

text: stars

text: Jenny

text: Seagrove

text: as

text: the

text: barrister

text: Jo

text: Mills

text: QC

text: frequently

text: the

text: object

text: of

text: Deed

text: 's

text: desire

text: pilot

text: episode

text: was

text: broadcast

text: on

text: January

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: full

text: series

text: on

text: November

text: The

text: sixth

text: and

text: last

text: series

text: concluded

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: programme

text: then

text: went

text: on

text: an

text: indefinite

text: break

text: after

text: Shaw

text: became

text: involved

text: in

text: another

text: television

text: programme

text: and

text: he

text: and

text: Seagrove

text: expressed

text: wish

text: for

text: the

text: format

text: of

text: the

text: series

text: to

text: change

text: before

text: they

text: filmed

text: new

text: episodes

text: By

text: the

text: series

text: had

text: officially

text: been

text: cancelled

annotations: likely multiple

question: instance_of the last place on earth

answer: television series

text: television series

text: television series

text: television series


text: Show jumping, also known as "stadium jumping", "open jumping", or simply "jumping", is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes dressage, eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers, sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events, and sometimes show jumping is but one division of very large, all-breed competitions that include a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation in the USA or the British Showjumping Association in Great Britain. International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI, from the body's French name of "Fédération Équestre Internationale").

text: Show

text: jumping

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: stadium

text: jumping

text: open

text: jumping

text: or

text: simply

text: jumping

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: group

text: of

text: English

text: riding

text: equestrian

text: events

text: that

text: also

text: includes

text: dressage

text: eventing

text: hunters

text: and

text: equitation

text: Jumping

text: classes

text: are

text: commonly

text: seen

text: at

text: horse

text: shows

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: including

text: the

text: Olympics

text: Sometimes

text: shows

text: are

text: limited

text: exclusively

text: to

text: jumpers

text: sometimes

text: jumper

text: classes

text: are

text: offered

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: other

text: English

text: style

text: events

text: and

text: sometimes

text: show

text: jumping

text: is

text: but

text: one

text: division

text: of

text: very

text: large

text: all

text: breed

text: competitions

text: that

text: include

text: very

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: disciplines

text: Jumping

text: classes

text: may

text: be

text: governed

text: by

text: various

text: national

text: horse

text: show

text: sanctioning

text: organizations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Equestrian

text: Federation

text: in

text: the

text: USA

text: or

text: the

text: British

text: Showjumping

text: Association

text: in

text: Great

text: Britain

text: International

text: competitions

text: are

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: rules

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Federation

text: for

text: Equestrian

text: Sports

text: FEI

text: from

text: the

text: body

text: 's

text: French

text: name

text: of

text: Fédération

text: Équestre

text: Internationale

text: English riding is a form of horse riding seen throughout the world. There are many variations, but all feature a flat English saddle without the deep seat, high cantle or saddle horn seen on a Western saddle nor the knee pads seen on an Australian Stock Saddle. Saddles within the various English disciplines are all designed to allow the horse the freedom to move in the optimal manner for a given task, ranging from classical dressage to horse racing. English bridles also vary in style based on discipline, but most feature some type of cavesson noseband as well as closed reins, buckled together at the ends, that prevents them from dropping on the ground if a rider becomes unseated. Clothing for riders in competition is usually based on traditional needs from which a specific style of riding developed, but most standards require, as a minimum, boots; breeches or jodhpurs; a shirt with some form of tie or stock; a hat, cap, or equestrian helmet; and a jacket.

text: English

text: riding

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: horse

text: riding

text: seen

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: variations

text: but

text: all

text: feature

text: flat

text: English

text: saddle

text: without

text: the

text: deep

text: seat

text: high

text: cantle

text: or

text: saddle

text: horn

text: seen

text: on

text: Western

text: saddle

text: nor

text: the

text: knee

text: pads

text: seen

text: on

text: an

text: Australian

text: Stock

text: Saddle

text: Saddles

text: within

text: the

text: various

text: English

text: disciplines

text: are

text: all

text: designed

text: to

text: allow

text: the

text: horse

text: the

text: freedom

text: to

text: move

text: in

text: the

text: optimal

text: manner

text: for

text: given

text: task

text: ranging

text: from

text: classical

text: dressage

text: to

text: horse

text: racing

text: English

text: bridles

text: also

text: vary

text: in

text: style

text: based

text: on

text: discipline

text: but

text: most

text: feature

text: some

text: type

text: of

text: cavesson

text: noseband

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: closed

text: reins

text: buckled

text: together

text: at

text: the

text: ends

text: that

text: prevents

text: them

text: from

text: dropping

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: if

text: rider

text: becomes

text: unseated

text: Clothing

text: for

text: riders

text: in

text: competition

text: is

text: usually

text: based

text: on

text: traditional

text: needs

text: from

text: which

text: specific

text: style

text: of

text: riding

text: developed

text: but

text: most

text: standards

text: require

text: as

text: minimum

text: boots

text: breeches

text: or

text: jodhpurs

text: shirt

text: with

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: tie

text: or

text: stock

text: hat

text: cap

text: or

text: equestrian

text: helmet

text: and

text: jacket

text: Eventing (also known as horse trials) is an equestrian event where a single horse and rider combination compete against other combinations across the three disciplines of dressage, cross-country, and show jumping. This event has its roots in a comprehensive cavalry test requiring mastery of several types of riding. The competition may be run as a one-day event (ODE), where all three events are completed in one day (dressage, followed by cross country and then stadium) or a three-day event (3DE), which is more commonly now run over four days, with dressage on the first two days followed by cross country the next day and then show jumping in reverse order on the final day. Eventing was previously known as Combined Training, and the name persists in many smaller organizations. The term "Combined Training" is sometimes confused with the term "Combined Test" which refers to a combination of just two of the phases, most commonly dressage and show jumping.

text: Eventing

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: horse

text: trials

text: is

text: an

text: equestrian

text: event

text: where

text: single

text: horse

text: and

text: rider

text: combination

text: compete

text: against

text: other

text: combinations

text: across

text: the

text: three

text: disciplines

text: of

text: dressage

text: cross

text: country

text: and

text: show

text: jumping

text: This

text: event

text: has

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: comprehensive

text: cavalry

text: test

text: requiring

text: mastery

text: of

text: several

text: types

text: of

text: riding

text: The

text: competition

text: may

text: be

text: run

text: as

text: one

text: day

text: event

text: ODE

text: where

text: all

text: three

text: events

text: are

text: completed

text: in

text: one

text: day

text: dressage

text: followed

text: by

text: cross

text: country

text: and

text: then

text: stadium

text: or

text: three

text: day

text: event

text: which

text: is

text: more

text: commonly

text: now

text: run

text: over

text: four

text: days

text: with

text: dressage

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: days

text: followed

text: by

text: cross

text: country

text: the

text: next

text: day

text: and

text: then

text: show

text: jumping

text: in

text: reverse

text: order

text: on

text: the

text: final

text: day

text: Eventing

text: was

text: previously

text: known

text: as

text: Combined

text: Training

text: and

text: the

text: name

text: persists

text: in

text: many

text: smaller

text: organizations

text: The

text: term

text: Combined

text: Training

text: is

text: sometimes

text: confused

text: with

text: the

text: term

text: Combined

text: Test

text: which

text: refers

text: to

text: combination

text: of

text: just

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: phases

text: most

text: commonly

text: dressage

text: and

text: show

text: jumping

text: William Clark `` Bill '' Steinkraus ( born October 12 , 1925 ) is an American show jumping champion . Steinkraus participated in five Olympic Games . At the 1968 Summer Olympics , held in Mexico City , he won a gold medal in Individual Jumping with the horse , Snowbound . He obtained two silver medals in Team Jumping , first in 1960 on his mount , Ksar d'Espirt , and 1972 on Main Spring . Steinkraus also won a bronze medal in Team Jumping at the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki , Finland on Hollandia . He was also slated to ride on the 1964 Olympic Team until his horse , Sinjon , was injured .

text: William

text: Clark

text: Bill

text: Steinkraus

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: show

text: jumping

text: champion

text: Steinkraus

text: participated

text: in

text: five

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: At

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: held

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: he

text: won

text: gold

text: medal

text: in

text: Individual

text: Jumping

text: with

text: the

text: horse

text: Snowbound

text: He

text: obtained

text: two

text: silver

text: medals

text: in

text: Team

text: Jumping

text: first

text: in

text: on

text: his

text: mount

text: Ksar

text: d'Espirt

text: and

text: on

text: Main

text: Spring

text: Steinkraus

text: also

text: won

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: Team

text: Jumping

text: at

text: the

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Helsinki

text: Finland

text: on

text: Hollandia

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: slated

text: to

text: ride

text: on

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Team

text: until

text: his

text: horse

text: Sinjon

text: was

text: injured

text: Dressage (or ; a French term, most commonly translated to mean "training") is a highly skilled form of riding performed in exhibition and competition, as well as an "art" sometimes pursued solely for the sake of mastery. As an equestrian sport defined by the International Equestrian Federation, dressage is "the highest expression of horse training" where "horse and rider are expected to perform from memory a series of predetermined movements."

text: Dressage

text: or

text: French

text: term

text: most

text: commonly

text: translated

text: to

text: mean

text: training

text: is

text: highly

text: skilled

text: form

text: of

text: riding

text: performed

text: in

text: exhibition

text: and

text: competition

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: sometimes

text: pursued

text: solely

text: for

text: the

text: sake

text: of

text: mastery

text: As

text: an

text: equestrian

text: sport

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Equestrian

text: Federation

text: dressage

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: expression

text: of

text: horse

text: training

text: where

text: horse

text: and

text: rider

text: are

text: expected

text: to

text: perform

text: from

text: memory

text: series

text: of

text: predetermined

text: movements

question: sport william steinkraus

answer: equestrian sport

text: equestrian sport