text: A cartoon is a type of two-dimensional illustration. While the specific definition has changed over time, modern usage refers to (a) a typically non-realistic or semi-realistic artistic style of drawing or painting, (b) an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor, or (c) a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. An artist who creates cartoons is called a cartoonist.

text: cartoon

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: two

text: dimensional

text: illustration

text: While

text: the

text: specific

text: definition

text: has

text: changed

text: over

text: time

text: modern

text: usage

text: refers

text: to

text: typically

text: non

text: realistic

text: or

text: semi

text: realistic

text: artistic

text: style

text: of

text: drawing

text: or

text: painting

text: an

text: image

text: or

text: series

text: of

text: images

text: intended

text: for

text: satire

text: caricature

text: or

text: humor

text: or

text: motion

text: picture

text: that

text: relies

text: on

text: sequence

text: of

text: illustrations

text: for

text: its

text: animation

text: An

text: artist

text: who

text: creates

text: cartoons

text: is

text: called

text: cartoonist

text: Edward Benjamin `` Ed '' Koren ( born 1935 ) is a writer and illustrator of children 's books and political cartoons , most notably in The New Yorker .

text: Edward

text: Benjamin

text: Ed

text: Koren

text: born

text: is

text: writer

text: and

text: illustrator

text: of

text: children

text: 's

text: books

text: and

text: political

text: cartoons

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: The

text: New

text: Yorker

text: The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry. It is published by Condé Nast. Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.

text: The

text: New

text: Yorker

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: magazine

text: of

text: reportage

text: commentary

text: criticism

text: essays

text: fiction

text: satire

text: cartoons

text: and

text: poetry

text: It

text: is

text: published

text: by

text: Condé

text: Nast

text: Started

text: as

text: weekly

text: in

text: the

text: magazine

text: is

text: now

text: published

text: times

text: annually

text: with

text: five

text: of

text: these

text: issues

text: covering

text: two

text: week

text: spans

text: Fiction is the classification for any story or universe derived from imaginationin other words, not based strictly on history or fact. Fiction can be expressed in a variety of formats, including writings, live performances, films, television programs, animations, video games, and role-playing games, though the term originally and most commonly refers to the narrative forms of literature (see "literary" fiction), including the novel, novella, short story, and play. Fiction constitutes an act of creative invention, so that faithfulness to reality is not typically assumed; in other words, fiction is not expected to present only characters who are actual people or descriptions that are factually true. The context of fiction is generally open to interpretation, due to fiction's freedom from any necessary embedding in reality; however, some fictional works are claimed to be, or marketed as, historically or factually accurate, complicating the traditional distinction between fiction and non-fiction. Fiction is a classification or category, rather than a specific mode or genre, unless used in a narrower sense as a synonym for a particular literary fiction form.

text: Fiction

text: is

text: the

text: classification

text: for

text: any

text: story

text: or

text: universe

text: derived

text: from

text: imaginationin

text: other

text: words

text: not

text: based

text: strictly

text: on

text: history

text: or

text: fact

text: Fiction

text: can

text: be

text: expressed

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: formats

text: including

text: writings

text: live

text: performances

text: films

text: television

text: programs

text: animations

text: video

text: games

text: and

text: role

text: playing

text: games

text: though

text: the

text: term

text: originally

text: and

text: most

text: commonly

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: narrative

text: forms

text: of

text: literature

text: see

text: literary

text: fiction

text: including

text: the

text: novel

text: novella

text: short

text: story

text: and

text: play

text: Fiction

text: constitutes

text: an

text: act

text: of

text: creative

text: invention

text: so

text: that

text: faithfulness

text: to

text: reality

text: is

text: not

text: typically

text: assumed

text: in

text: other

text: words

text: fiction

text: is

text: not

text: expected

text: to

text: present

text: only

text: characters

text: who

text: are

text: actual

text: people

text: or

text: descriptions

text: that

text: are

text: factually

text: true

text: The

text: context

text: of

text: fiction

text: is

text: generally

text: open

text: to

text: interpretation

text: due

text: to

text: fiction

text: 's

text: freedom

text: from

text: any

text: necessary

text: embedding

text: in

text: reality

text: however

text: some

text: fictional

text: works

text: are

text: claimed

text: to

text: be

text: or

text: marketed

text: as

text: historically

text: or

text: factually

text: accurate

text: complicating

text: the

text: traditional

text: distinction

text: between

text: fiction

text: and

text: non

text: fiction

text: Fiction

text: is

text: classification

text: or

text: category

text: rather

text: than

text: specific

text: mode

text: or

text: genre

text: unless

text: used

text: in

text: narrower

text: sense

text: as

text: synonym

text: for

text: particular

text: literary

text: fiction

text: form

question: occupation ed koren

answer: artist

text: artist


text: Republic Records is an American record company that operates as a division of Universal Music Group. The label was endowed by Monte Lipman and Avery Lipman in 1995; it was later paired into the Universal Motown Republic Group in 1999. After the separation of Motown Records from Universal Motown Records, the Universal Motown Republic Group was shuttered, the label was temporarily reincarnated as Universal Republic Records in 2006, until it was revived in late 2012. The label's main offices are located in New York City, New York, United States, other offices of the record label are located at the Interscope Center in Santa Monica, California, U.S.

text: Republic

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: company

text: that

text: operates

text: as

text: division

text: of

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: The

text: label

text: was

text: endowed

text: by

text: Monte

text: Lipman

text: and

text: Avery

text: Lipman

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: later

text: paired

text: into

text: the

text: Universal

text: Motown

text: Republic

text: Group

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: Motown

text: Records

text: from

text: Universal

text: Motown

text: Records

text: the

text: Universal

text: Motown

text: Republic

text: Group

text: was

text: shuttered

text: the

text: label

text: was

text: temporarily

text: reincarnated

text: as

text: Universal

text: Republic

text: Records

text: in

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: revived

text: in

text: late

text: The

text: label

text: 's

text: main

text: offices

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: United

text: States

text: other

text: offices

text: of

text: the

text: record

text: label

text: are

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: Interscope

text: Center

text: in

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: California

text: U.S.

text: RCA Records is an American major record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment (SME). It is one of SME's flagship record labels alongside sister labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, blues, jazz, and country. The company's name is derived from the initials of the label's former parent company, Radio Corporation of America (RCA). It is the second oldest recording company in U.S. history, after sister label Columbia Records. RCA's Canadian unit (formerly Berliner Gramophone Canada) is Sony's oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression.

text: RCA

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: major

text: record

text: label

text: owned

text: by

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: SME

text: 's

text: flagship

text: record

text: labels

text: alongside

text: sister

text: labels

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: and

text: Epic

text: Records

text: The

text: label

text: has

text: released

text: multiple

text: genres

text: of

text: music

text: including

text: pop

text: rock

text: hip

text: hop

text: R&B

text: blues

text: jazz

text: and

text: country

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: name

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: initials

text: of

text: the

text: label

text: 's

text: former

text: parent

text: company

text: Radio

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: RCA

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: oldest

text: recording

text: company

text: in

text: U.S.

text: history

text: after

text: sister

text: label

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: RCA

text: 's

text: Canadian

text: unit

text: formerly

text: Berliner

text: Gramophone

text: Canada

text: is

text: Sony

text: 's

text: oldest

text: label

text: in

text: Canada

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: Canadian

text: record

text: companies

text: to

text: survive

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: `` Al Despertar '' ( Eng. : Waking Up ) is the title of the seventh single released by Enrique Iglesias from his second album , Vivir .

text: Al

text: Despertar

text: Eng

text: Waking

text: Up

text: is

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: seventh

text: single

text: released

text: by

text: Enrique

text: Iglesias

text: from

text: his

text: second

text: album

text: Vivir

text: Fonovisa Records is an American Spanish language record label founded in 1986 by Guillermo Santiso as a subsidiary of Televisa. Fonovisa mainly produces Mexican style music. It is well known for its signing with artists such as Los Tigres Del Norte, Los Bukis, Enrique Iglesias, Lucero and Thalía.

text: Fonovisa

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: Spanish

text: language

text: record

text: label

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Guillermo

text: Santiso

text: as

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Televisa

text: Fonovisa

text: mainly

text: produces

text: Mexican

text: style

text: music

text: It

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: signing

text: with

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Los

text: Tigres

text: Del

text: Norte

text: Los

text: Bukis

text: Enrique

text: Iglesias

text: Lucero

text: and

text: Thalía

text: Interscope Records is an American record company. A division of Interscope Geffen A&M Records, its parent company is the Universal Music Group, a subsidiary of Vivendi S.A.

text: Interscope

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: company

text: division

text: of

text: Interscope

text: Geffen

text: A&M

text: Records

text: its

text: parent

text: company

text: is

text: the

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Vivendi

text: S.A.

text: Universal Music Group, Inc. (also known as Universal Music Group Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California.

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Inc.

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Recordings

text: Inc.

text: and

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: UMG

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: French

text: global

text: music

text: corporation

text: that

text: is

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: based

text: French

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: Vivendi

text: UMG

text: 's

text: global

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: are

text: in

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: California

text: Enrique Miguel Iglesias Preysler (born 8 May 1975), known professionally as Enrique Iglesias, is a Spanish singer, songwriter, actor and record producer. He is widely regarded as the King of Latin Pop. Iglesias started his career in the mid-1990s on an American Spanish-language record label Fonovisa Records under the name Enrique Martinez, before switching to the stage name Enrique Iglesias and becoming one of the biggest stars in Latin America and the Hispanic market in the United States. By the turn of the millennium, he had made a successful crossover into the mainstream market and signed a multi-album deal with Universal Music Group for US $68 million with Universal Music Latino to release his Spanish albums and Interscope Records to release English albums. In 2010, he parted with Interscope Records and signed with another Universal Music Group label Republic Records to release bilingual albums. In 2015, Iglesias parted ways with Universal Music Group after a decade. He signed with Sony Music; his upcoming albums will be by Sony Music Latin in Spanish and RCA Records in English.

text: Enrique

text: Miguel

text: Iglesias

text: Preysler

text: born

text: May

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Enrique

text: Iglesias

text: is

text: Spanish

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: actor

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: He

text: is

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Latin

text: Pop

text: Iglesias

text: started

text: his

text: career

text: in

text: the

text: on

text: an

text: American

text: Spanish

text: language

text: record

text: label

text: Fonovisa

text: Records

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Enrique

text: Martinez

text: before

text: switching

text: to

text: the

text: stage

text: name

text: Enrique

text: Iglesias

text: and

text: becoming

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: biggest

text: stars

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: Hispanic

text: market

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: By

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: millennium

text: he

text: had

text: made

text: successful

text: crossover

text: into

text: the

text: mainstream

text: market

text: and

text: signed

text: multi

text: album

text: deal

text: with

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: for

text: US

text: million

text: with

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Latino

text: to

text: release

text: his

text: Spanish

text: albums

text: and

text: Interscope

text: Records

text: to

text: release

text: English

text: albums

text: In

text: he

text: parted

text: with

text: Interscope

text: Records

text: and

text: signed

text: with

text: another

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: label

text: Republic

text: Records

text: to

text: release

text: bilingual

text: albums

text: In

text: Iglesias

text: parted

text: ways

text: with

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: after

text: decade

text: He

text: signed

text: with

text: Sony

text: Music

text: his

text: upcoming

text: albums

text: will

text: be

text: by

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Latin

text: in

text: Spanish

text: and

text: RCA

text: Records

text: in

text: English

annotations: likely single

question: record_label al despertar

answer: fonovisa records

text: fonovisa records

text: fonovisa records


text: Judaism (from , derived from Greek , originally from Hebrew , "Yehudah", "Judah"; in Hebrew: , "Yahadut", the distinctive characteristics of the Judean ethnos) encompasses the religion, philosophy, culture and way of life of the Jewish people. Judaism is an ancient monotheistic religion, with the Torah as its foundational text (part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible), and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud. Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship that God established with the Children of Israel. With between 14.5 and 17.4 million adherents worldwide, Judaism is the tenth-largest religion in the world.

text: Judaism

text: from

text: derived

text: from

text: Greek

text: originally

text: from

text: Hebrew

text: Yehudah

text: Judah

text: in

text: Hebrew

text: Yahadut

text: the

text: distinctive

text: characteristics

text: of

text: the

text: Judean

text: ethnos

text: encompasses

text: the

text: religion

text: philosophy

text: culture

text: and

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: people

text: Judaism

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: with

text: the

text: Torah

text: as

text: its

text: foundational

text: text

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: text

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Tanakh

text: or

text: Hebrew

text: Bible

text: and

text: supplemental

text: oral

text: tradition

text: represented

text: by

text: later

text: texts

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Midrash

text: and

text: the

text: Talmud

text: Judaism

text: is

text: considered

text: by

text: religious

text: Jews

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: expression

text: of

text: the

text: covenantal

text: relationship

text: that

text: God

text: established

text: with

text: the

text: Children

text: of

text: Israel

text: With

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: adherents

text: worldwide

text: Judaism

text: is

text: the

text: tenth

text: largest

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Syria, officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (""), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus.

text: Syria

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Syrian

text: Arab

text: Republic

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bordering

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Jordan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Syria

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Damascus

text: The Mediterranean Sea (pronounced ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water.

text: The

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: pronounced

text: is

text: sea

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: and

text: almost

text: completely

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Southern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Anatolia

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: North

text: Africa

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Levant

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: although

text: it

text: is

text: usually

text: identified

text: as

text: separate

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: In Judaism, a rabbi is a teacher of Torah. This title derives from the Hebrew word ' , meaning "My Master" (irregular plural ' ), which is the way a student would address a master of Torah. The word "master" "" literally means "great one".

text: In

text: Judaism

text: rabbi

text: is

text: teacher

text: of

text: Torah

text: This

text: title

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: word

text: meaning

text: My

text: Master

text: irregular

text: plural

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: way

text: student

text: would

text: address

text: master

text: of

text: Torah

text: The

text: word

text: master

text: literally

text: means

text: great

text: one

text: The Middle East is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia and Egypt. The corresponding adjective is "Middle-Eastern" and the derived noun is "Middle-Easterner". The term has come into wider usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to Far East) beginning in the early 20th century.

text: The

text: Middle

text: East

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: region

text: centered

text: on

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: Egypt

text: The

text: corresponding

text: adjective

text: is

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: and

text: the

text: derived

text: noun

text: is

text: Middle

text: Easterner

text: The

text: term

text: has

text: come

text: into

text: wider

text: usage

text: as

text: replacement

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Far

text: East

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Amnon Yitzhak ( Hebrew :   ; born 8 November 1953 ) , is a Haredi Israeli rabbi . He is best known for his involvement in Orthodox Judaism outreach ( Kiruv ) . He is involved in activities which are centered on helping Jews to become more religious or observant . In public speaking in Israel and around the world and his ' Shofar ' organization distributes his lectures in various media and on the internet .

text: Amnon

text: Yitzhak

text: Hebrew

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: Haredi

text: Israeli

text: rabbi

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: involvement

text: in

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: outreach

text: Kiruv

text: He

text: is

text: involved

text: in

text: activities

text: which

text: are

text: centered

text: on

text: helping

text: Jews

text: to

text: become

text: more

text: religious

text: or

text: observant

text: In

text: public

text: speaking

text: in

text: Israel

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: his

text: Shofar

text: organization

text: distributes

text: his

text: lectures

text: in

text: various

text: media

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: The West Bank ("" "HaGadah HaMa'aravit") is a landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, forming the bulk of the Palestinian territories. The West Bank shares boundaries (demarcated by the Jordanian-Israeli armistice of 1949) to the west, north, and south with Israel, and to the east, across the Jordan River, with Jordan. The West Bank also contains a significant section of the western Dead Sea shore.

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: HaGadah

text: HaMa'aravit

text: is

text: landlocked

text: territory

text: near

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: coast

text: of

text: Western

text: Asia

text: forming

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: shares

text: boundaries

text: demarcated

text: by

text: the

text: Jordanian

text: Israeli

text: armistice

text: of

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: with

text: Israel

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: across

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: with

text: Jordan

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: also

text: contains

text: significant

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: shore

text: Israel , officially known as the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's financial and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over the city of Jerusalem is internationally unrecognized.

text: Israel

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: on

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: It

text: has

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Lebanon

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Jordan

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: and

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: west

text: respectively

text: and

text: Egypt

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: The

text: country

text: contains

text: geographically

text: diverse

text: features

text: within

text: its

text: relatively

text: small

text: area

text: Israel

text: 's

text: financial

text: and

text: technology

text: center

text: is

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: while

text: its

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: and

text: proclaimed

text: capital

text: is

text: Jerusalem

text: although

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Jerusalem

text: is

text: internationally

text: unrecognized

text: Lebanon , officially known as the Lebanese Republic, is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity. At just 10,452 km (4,036 sq. mi.), it is the smallest recognized country on the entire mainland Asian continent.

text: Lebanon

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Republic

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: while

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: west

text: across

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Lebanon

text: 's

text: location

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: and

text: the

text: Arabian

text: hinterland

text: facilitated

text: its

text: rich

text: history

text: and

text: shaped

text: cultural

text: identity

text: of

text: religious

text: and

text: ethnic

text: diversity

text: At

text: just

text: km

text: sq

text: mi

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: smallest

text: recognized

text: country

text: on

text: the

text: entire

text: mainland

text: Asian

text: continent

text: Egypt (; ', , "Kimi"), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt. It is the world's only contiguous Afrasian nation.

text: Egypt

text: Kimi

text: officially

text: the

text: Arab

text: Republic

text: of

text: Egypt

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: spanning

text: the

text: northeast

text: corner

text: of

text: Africa

text: and

text: southwest

text: corner

text: of

text: Asia

text: by

text: land

text: bridge

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: Egypt

text: is

text: Mediterranean

text: country

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Libya

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Across

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: lies

text: Jordan

text: and

text: across

text: from

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: lies

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: although

text: Jordan

text: and

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: do

text: not

text: share

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: Egypt

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: only

text: contiguous

text: Afrasian

text: nation

text: Jordan ('), officially The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ('), is an Arab kingdom in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the east and south, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north, Israel, Palestine and the Dead Sea to the west and the Red Sea in its extreme south-west. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.

text: Jordan

text: officially

text: The

text: Hashemite

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Jordan

text: is

text: an

text: Arab

text: kingdom

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: on

text: the

text: East

text: Bank

text: of

text: the

text: Jordan

text: River

text: Jordan

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Israel

text: Palestine

text: and

text: the

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: in

text: its

text: extreme

text: south

text: west

text: Jordan

text: is

text: strategically

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: and

text: Europe

text: The

text: capital

text: Amman

text: is

text: Jordan

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: economic

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: centre

text: The Red Sea (also the Erythraean Sea) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To the north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). The Red Sea is a Global 200 ecoregion. The sea is underlain by the Red Sea Rift which is part of the Great Rift Valley.

text: The

text: Red

text: Sea

text: also

text: the

text: Erythraean

text: Sea

text: is

text: seawater

text: inlet

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: lying

text: between

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: connection

text: to

text: the

text: ocean

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: through

text: the

text: Bab

text: el

text: Mandeb

text: strait

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aden

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: lie

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Suez

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: The

text: Red

text: Sea

text: is

text: Global

text: ecoregion

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: underlain

text: by

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: Rift

text: which

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Rift

text: Valley

text: Jerusalem , is a city located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. One of the oldest cities in the world, Jerusalem was named as ""Urusalima"" on ancient Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets, probably meaning "City of Shalem" after a Canaanite deity, during the early Canaanite period (approximately 2400 BCE). During the Israelite period, significant construction activity in Jerusalem began in the 9th century BCE (Iron Age II), and in the 8th century the city developed into the religious and administrative center of the Kingdom of Judah. It is considered a holy city in the three major Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

text: Jerusalem

text: is

text: city

text: located

text: on

text: plateau

text: in

text: the

text: Judaean

text: Mountains

text: between

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: the

text: Dead

text: Sea

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Jerusalem

text: was

text: named

text: as

text: Urusalima

text: on

text: ancient

text: Mesopotamian

text: cuneiform

text: tablets

text: probably

text: meaning

text: City

text: of

text: Shalem

text: after

text: Canaanite

text: deity

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: Canaanite

text: period

text: approximately

text: BCE

text: During

text: the

text: Israelite

text: period

text: significant

text: construction

text: activity

text: in

text: Jerusalem

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: Iron

text: Age

text: II

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: developed

text: into

text: the

text: religious

text: and

text: administrative

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Judah

text: It

text: is

text: considered

text: holy

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: Abrahamic

text: religions

text: of

text: Judaism

text: Christianity

text: and

text: Islam

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: follows single

question: ethnic_group amnon yitzhak

answer: jewish people

text: jewish people


text: Western philosophy is the philosophical thought and work of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with Hellenic (i.e. Greek) philosophy of the Pre-Socratics such as Thales (c. 624  c. 546 BC) and Pythagoras (c. 570  c. 495 BC), and eventually covering a large area of the globe. The word "philosophy" itself originated from the Hellenic: "philosophia" (), literally, "the love of wisdom" ( "philein", "to love" and  "sophia", "wisdom").

text: Western

text: philosophy

text: is

text: the

text: philosophical

text: thought

text: and

text: work

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: Historically

text: the

text: term

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: philosophical

text: thinking

text: of

text: Western

text: culture

text: beginning

text: with

text: Hellenic

text: i.e.

text: Greek

text: philosophy

text: of

text: the

text: Pre

text: Socratics

text: such

text: as

text: Thales

text: BC

text: and

text: Pythagoras

text: BC

text: and

text: eventually

text: covering

text: large

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: globe

text: The

text: word

text: philosophy

text: itself

text: originated

text: from

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: philosophia

text: literally

text: the

text: love

text: of

text: wisdom

text: philein

text: to

text: love

text: and

text: sophia

text: wisdom

text: Western Christianity consists of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church and a variety of Protestant denominations. It has been applied in order to distinguish these from Eastern Christianity.

text: Western

text: Christianity

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: and

text: variety

text: of

text: Protestant

text: denominations

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: applied

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: distinguish

text: these

text: from

text: Eastern

text: Christianity

text: The Six Enneads , sometimes abbreviated to The Enneads or Enneads ( Greek :  ) , is the collection of writings of Plotinus , edited and compiled by his student Porphyry ( c. 270 AD ) . Plotinus was a student of Ammonius Saccas and they were founders of Neoplatonism . His work , through Augustine of Hippo , the Cappadocian Fathers , Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite and several subsequent Christian and Muslim thinkers , has greatly influenced Western and Near - Eastern thought .

text: The

text: Six

text: Enneads

text: sometimes

text: abbreviated

text: to

text: The

text: Enneads

text: or

text: Enneads

text: Greek

text: is

text: the

text: collection

text: of

text: writings

text: of

text: Plotinus

text: edited

text: and

text: compiled

text: by

text: his

text: student

text: Porphyry

text: AD

text: Plotinus

text: was

text: student

text: of

text: Ammonius

text: Saccas

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: founders

text: of

text: Neoplatonism

text: His

text: work

text: through

text: Augustine

text: of

text: Hippo

text: the

text: Cappadocian

text: Fathers

text: Pseudo

text: Dionysius

text: the

text: Areopagite

text: and

text: several

text: subsequent

text: Christian

text: and

text: Muslim

text: thinkers

text: has

text: greatly

text: influenced

text: Western

text: and

text: Near

text: Eastern

text: thought

text: A Christian (or ) is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. "Christian" derives from the Koine Greek word "Christós" (), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term "mashiach".

text: Christian

text: or

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: follows

text: or

text: adheres

text: to

text: Christianity

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Christian

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Koine

text: Greek

text: word

text: Christós

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Biblical

text: Hebrew

text: term

text: mashiach

text: Neoplatonism is a modern term used to designate a tradition of philosophy that arose in the 3rd century AD and persisted until shortly after the closing of the Platonic Academy in Athens in AD 529 by Justinian I. Neoplatonists were heavily influenced by Plato, but also by the Platonic tradition that thrived during the six centuries which separated the first of the Neoplatonists from Plato.

text: Neoplatonism

text: is

text: modern

text: term

text: used

text: to

text: designate

text: tradition

text: of

text: philosophy

text: that

text: arose

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: and

text: persisted

text: until

text: shortly

text: after

text: the

text: closing

text: of

text: the

text: Platonic

text: Academy

text: in

text: Athens

text: in

text: AD

text: by

text: Justinian

text: Neoplatonists

text: were

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: Plato

text: but

text: also

text: by

text: the

text: Platonic

text: tradition

text: that

text: thrived

text: during

text: the

text: six

text: centuries

text: which

text: separated

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: the

text: Neoplatonists

text: from

text: Plato

text: Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, also known as Pseudo-Denys, was a Christian theologian and philosopher of the late 5th to early 6th century (writing before 532), probably Syrian, the author of the set of works commonly referred to as the "Corpus Areopagiticum" or "Corpus Dionysiacum". The author pseudonymously identifies himself in the corpus as "Dionysios", portraying himself as the figure of Dionysius the Areopagite, the Athenian convert of Paul of Tarsus mentioned in . This false attribution to the earliest decades of Christianity resulted in the work being given great authority in subsequent theological writing in both East and West, with its influence only decreasing in the West with the fifteenth century demonstration of its later dating.

text: Pseudo

text: Dionysius

text: the

text: Areopagite

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Pseudo

text: Denys

text: was

text: Christian

text: theologian

text: and

text: philosopher

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: to

text: early

text: century

text: writing

text: before

text: probably

text: Syrian

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: works

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Corpus

text: Areopagiticum

text: or

text: Corpus

text: Dionysiacum

text: The

text: author

text: pseudonymously

text: identifies

text: himself

text: in

text: the

text: corpus

text: as

text: Dionysios

text: portraying

text: himself

text: as

text: the

text: figure

text: of

text: Dionysius

text: the

text: Areopagite

text: the

text: Athenian

text: convert

text: of

text: Paul

text: of

text: Tarsus

text: mentioned

text: in

text: This

text: false

text: attribution

text: to

text: the

text: earliest

text: decades

text: of

text: Christianity

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: being

text: given

text: great

text: authority

text: in

text: subsequent

text: theological

text: writing

text: in

text: both

text: East

text: and

text: West

text: with

text: its

text: influence

text: only

text: decreasing

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: with

text: the

text: fifteenth

text: century

text: demonstration

text: of

text: its

text: later

text: dating

text: The Cappadocian Fathers, also traditionally known as the Three Cappadocians, are Basil the Great (330379), who was bishop of Caesarea; Basil's younger brother Gregory of Nyssa (c.332395), who was bishop of Nyssa; and a close friend, Gregory of Nazianzus (329389), who became Patriarch of Constantinople. The Cappadocia region, in modern-day Turkey, was an early site of Christian activity, with several missions by Paul in this region.

text: The

text: Cappadocian

text: Fathers

text: also

text: traditionally

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Three

text: Cappadocians

text: are

text: Basil

text: the

text: Great

text: who

text: was

text: bishop

text: of

text: Caesarea

text: Basil

text: 's

text: younger

text: brother

text: Gregory

text: of

text: Nyssa

text: who

text: was

text: bishop

text: of

text: Nyssa

text: and

text: close

text: friend

text: Gregory

text: of

text: Nazianzus

text: who

text: became

text: Patriarch

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: The

text: Cappadocia

text: region

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Turkey

text: was

text: an

text: early

text: site

text: of

text: Christian

text: activity

text: with

text: several

text: missions

text: by

text: Paul

text: in

text: this

text: region

text: Dionysius the Areopagite (Greek ) was a judge of the Areopagus who, as related in the "Acts of the Apostles",, was converted to Christianity by the preaching of the Apostle Paul during the Areopagus sermon. According to Dionysius of Corinth, quoted by Eusebius, this Dionysius then became the first Bishop of Athens.

text: Dionysius

text: the

text: Areopagite

text: Greek

text: was

text: judge

text: of

text: the

text: Areopagus

text: who

text: as

text: related

text: in

text: the

text: Acts

text: of

text: the

text: Apostles

text: was

text: converted

text: to

text: Christianity

text: by

text: the

text: preaching

text: of

text: the

text: Apostle

text: Paul

text: during

text: the

text: Areopagus

text: sermon

text: According

text: to

text: Dionysius

text: of

text: Corinth

text: quoted

text: by

text: Eusebius

text: this

text: Dionysius

text: then

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Athens

text: An academy (Attic Greek: ; Koine Greek ) is an institution of secondary education, higher learning, research, or honorary membership.

text: An

text: academy

text: Attic

text: Greek

text: Koine

text: Greek

text: is

text: an

text: institution

text: of

text: secondary

text: education

text: higher

text: learning

text: research

text: or

text: honorary

text: membership

text: A philosopher is someone who practices philosophy, which involves rational inquiry into areas that are outside of either theology or science. The term "philosopher" comes from the Ancient Greek ("philosophos") meaning "lover of wisdom". The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras (6th century BC).

text: philosopher

text: is

text: someone

text: who

text: practices

text: philosophy

text: which

text: involves

text: rational

text: inquiry

text: into

text: areas

text: that

text: are

text: outside

text: of

text: either

text: theology

text: or

text: science

text: The

text: term

text: philosopher

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: philosophos

text: meaning

text: lover

text: of

text: wisdom

text: The

text: coining

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: been

text: attributed

text: to

text: the

text: Greek

text: thinker

text: Pythagoras

text: century

text: BC

text: The Academy (Ancient Greek: ) was founded by Plato (428/427 BC  348/347 BC) in ca. 387 BC in Athens. Aristotle (384322 BC) studied there for twenty years (367347 BC) before founding his own school, the Lyceum. The Academy persisted throughout the Hellenistic period as a skeptical school, until coming to an end after the death of Philo of Larissa in 83 BC. Although philosophers continued to teach Plato's philosophy in Athens throughout the Roman era, it was not until 410 AD that a revived Academy was established as a center for Neoplatonism, persisting until 529 AD when it was finally closed by Justinian I.

text: The

text: Academy

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Plato

text: BC

text: BC

text: in

text: ca

text: BC

text: in

text: Athens

text: Aristotle

text: BC

text: studied

text: there

text: for

text: twenty

text: years

text: BC

text: before

text: founding

text: his

text: own

text: school

text: the

text: Lyceum

text: The

text: Academy

text: persisted

text: throughout

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: as

text: skeptical

text: school

text: until

text: coming

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Philo

text: of

text: Larissa

text: in

text: BC

text: Although

text: philosophers

text: continued

text: to

text: teach

text: Plato

text: 's

text: philosophy

text: in

text: Athens

text: throughout

text: the

text: Roman

text: era

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: AD

text: that

text: revived

text: Academy

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: center

text: for

text: Neoplatonism

text: persisting

text: until

text: AD

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: finally

text: closed

text: by

text: Justinian

text: Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece to the west; Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia. Turkey's location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history.

text: Turkey

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Turkey

text: Turkish

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: mainly

text: in

text: Anatolia

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: with

text: smaller

text: portion

text: on

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Europe

text: Turkey

text: is

text: democratic

text: secular

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: with

text: diverse

text: cultural

text: heritage

text: Turkey

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: eight

text: countries

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Bulgaria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Georgia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Armenia

text: the

text: Azerbaijani

text: exclave

text: of

text: Nakhchivan

text: and

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: is

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: Bosphorus

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Marmara

text: and

text: the

text: Dardanelles

text: which

text: together

text: form

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: divide

text: Thrace

text: and

text: Anatolia

text: they

text: also

text: separate

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: Turkey

text: 's

text: location

text: has

text: given

text: it

text: geopolitical

text: and

text: strategic

text: importance

text: throughout

text: history

text: Plato (Greek: "Plátn", in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423  348/347 BCE) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition. Unlike nearly all of his philosophical contemporaries, Plato's entire "œuvre" is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years.

text: Plato

text: Greek

text: Plátn

text: in

text: Classical

text: Attic

text: or

text: BCE

text: was

text: philosopher

text: in

text: Classical

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Academy

text: in

text: Athens

text: the

text: first

text: institution

text: of

text: higher

text: learning

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: He

text: is

text: widely

text: considered

text: the

text: most

text: pivotal

text: figure

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: philosophy

text: especially

text: the

text: Western

text: tradition

text: Unlike

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: his

text: philosophical

text: contemporaries

text: Plato

text: 's

text: entire

text: œuvre

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: survived

text: intact

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: Alexandria (or ; Arabic: '; '; "") is the second largest city and a major economic centre in Egypt, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country. Its low elevation on the Nile delta makes it highly vulnerable to rising sea levels. Alexandria is Egypt's largest seaport, serving approximately 80% of Egypt's imports and exports. It is an important industrial center because of its natural gas and oil pipelines from Suez. Alexandria is also an important tourist destination.

text: Alexandria

text: or

text: Arabic

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: major

text: economic

text: centre

text: in

text: Egypt

text: extending

text: about

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Its

text: low

text: elevation

text: on

text: the

text: Nile

text: delta

text: makes

text: it

text: highly

text: vulnerable

text: to

text: rising

text: sea

text: levels

text: Alexandria

text: is

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: largest

text: seaport

text: serving

text: approximately

text: of

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: imports

text: and

text: exports

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: industrial

text: center

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: natural

text: gas

text: and

text: oil

text: pipelines

text: from

text: Suez

text: Alexandria

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: important

text: tourist

text: destination

text: Augustine of Hippo (13 November 354  28 August 430) was an early Christian theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy. He was the bishop of Hippo Regius (within modern-day Annaba, Algeria), located in Numidia (Roman province of Africa). Augustine is viewed as one of the most important Church Fathers in Western Christianity for his writings in the Patristic Era. Among his most important works are "The City of God" and "Confessions."

text: Augustine

text: of

text: Hippo

text: November

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: early

text: Christian

text: theologian

text: and

text: philosopher

text: whose

text: writings

text: influenced

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Western

text: Christianity

text: and

text: Western

text: philosophy

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: bishop

text: of

text: Hippo

text: Regius

text: within

text: modern

text: day

text: Annaba

text: Algeria

text: located

text: in

text: Numidia

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Africa

text: Augustine

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: Church

text: Fathers

text: in

text: Western

text: Christianity

text: for

text: his

text: writings

text: in

text: the

text: Patristic

text: Era

text: Among

text: his

text: most

text: important

text: works

text: are

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: Confessions

text: Ammonius Saccas (fl. 3rd century AD) was a Greek philosopher from Alexandria who was often referred to as one of the founders of Neoplatonism. He is mainly known as the teacher of Plotinus, whom he taught for eleven years from 232 to 243. He was undoubtedly the biggest influence on Plotinus in his development of Neoplatonism, although little is known about his own philosophical views. Later Christian writers stated that Ammonius was a Christian, but it is now generally assumed that there was a different Ammonius of Alexandria who wrote biblical texts.

text: Ammonius

text: Saccas

text: fl

text: century

text: AD

text: was

text: Greek

text: philosopher

text: from

text: Alexandria

text: who

text: was

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: founders

text: of

text: Neoplatonism

text: He

text: is

text: mainly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: teacher

text: of

text: Plotinus

text: whom

text: he

text: taught

text: for

text: eleven

text: years

text: from

text: to

text: He

text: was

text: undoubtedly

text: the

text: biggest

text: influence

text: on

text: Plotinus

text: in

text: his

text: development

text: of

text: Neoplatonism

text: although

text: little

text: is

text: known

text: about

text: his

text: own

text: philosophical

text: views

text: Later

text: Christian

text: writers

text: stated

text: that

text: Ammonius

text: was

text: Christian

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: generally

text: assumed

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: different

text: Ammonius

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: who

text: wrote

text: biblical

text: texts

text: Plotinus ( 204/5  270) was a major Greek-speaking philosopher of the ancient world. In his philosophy there are three principles: the One, the Intellect, and the Soul. His teacher was Ammonius Saccas and he is of the Platonic tradition. Historians of the 19th century invented the term Neoplatonism and applied it to him and his philosophy which was influential in Late Antiquity. Much of the biographical information about Plotinus comes from Porphyry's preface to his edition of Plotinus' "Enneads". His metaphysical writings have inspired centuries of Pagan, Christian, Islamic and Gnostic metaphysicians and mystics.

text: Plotinus

text: was

text: major

text: Greek

text: speaking

text: philosopher

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: world

text: In

text: his

text: philosophy

text: there

text: are

text: three

text: principles

text: the

text: One

text: the

text: Intellect

text: and

text: the

text: Soul

text: His

text: teacher

text: was

text: Ammonius

text: Saccas

text: and

text: he

text: is

text: of

text: the

text: Platonic

text: tradition

text: Historians

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: invented

text: the

text: term

text: Neoplatonism

text: and

text: applied

text: it

text: to

text: him

text: and

text: his

text: philosophy

text: which

text: was

text: influential

text: in

text: Late

text: Antiquity

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: biographical

text: information

text: about

text: Plotinus

text: comes

text: from

text: Porphyry

text: 's

text: preface

text: to

text: his

text: edition

text: of

text: Plotinus

text: Enneads

text: His

text: metaphysical

text: writings

text: have

text: inspired

text: centuries

text: of

text: Pagan

text: Christian

text: Islamic

text: and

text: Gnostic

text: metaphysicians

text: and

text: mystics

text: Philosophy (from Greek , "philosophia", literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras (c. 570  c. 495 BC). Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument and systematic presentation. Classic philosophical questions include: Is it possible to know anything and to prove it? What is most real? However, philosophers might also pose more practical and concrete questions such as: Is there a best way to live? Is it better to be just or unjust (if one can get away with it)? Do humans have free will?

text: Philosophy

text: from

text: Greek

text: philosophia

text: literally

text: love

text: of

text: wisdom

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: general

text: and

text: fundamental

text: problems

text: concerning

text: matters

text: such

text: as

text: existence

text: knowledge

text: values

text: reason

text: mind

text: and

text: language

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: probably

text: coined

text: by

text: Pythagoras

text: BC

text: Philosophical

text: methods

text: include

text: questioning

text: critical

text: discussion

text: rational

text: argument

text: and

text: systematic

text: presentation

text: Classic

text: philosophical

text: questions

text: include

text: Is

text: it

text: possible

text: to

text: know

text: anything

text: and

text: to

text: prove

text: it

text: What

text: is

text: most

text: real

text: However

text: philosophers

text: might

text: also

text: pose

text: more

text: practical

text: and

text: concrete

text: questions

text: such

text: as

text: Is

text: there

text: best

text: way

text: to

text: live

text: Is

text: it

text: better

text: to

text: be

text: just

text: or

text: unjust

text: if

text: one

text: can

text: get

text: away

text: with

text: it

text: Do

text: humans

text: have

text: free

text: will

text: Syria

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Syrian

text: Arab

text: Republic

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bordering

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Iraq

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Jordan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Syria

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Damascus

annotations: likely multiple

question: original_language_of_work enneads

answer: ancient greek

text: ancient greek

text: ancient greek


text: Parsley or garden parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is a species of "Petroselinum" in the family Apiaceae, native to the central Mediterranean region (southern Italy, Greece, Algeria, and Tunisia), naturalized elsewhere in Europe, and widely cultivated as a herb, a spice, and a vegetable.

text: Parsley

text: or

text: garden

text: parsley

text: Petroselinum

text: crispum

text: is

text: species

text: of

text: Petroselinum

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: central

text: Mediterranean

text: region

text: southern

text: Italy

text: Greece

text: Algeria

text: and

text: Tunisia

text: naturalized

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: widely

text: cultivated

text: as

text: herb

text: spice

text: and

text: vegetable

text: Centella asiatica, commonly known as centella, is a small, herbaceous, frost-tender perennial plant of the family Mackinlayaceae or subfamily Mackinlayoideae of family Apiaceae, and is native to wetlands in Asia. It is used as a medicinal herb in Ayurvedic medicine, traditional African medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine. It is also known as the Asiatic pennywort or Indian pennywort in English, among various other names in other languages.

text: Centella

text: asiatica

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: centella

text: is

text: small

text: herbaceous

text: frost

text: tender

text: perennial

text: plant

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: Mackinlayaceae

text: or

text: subfamily

text: Mackinlayoideae

text: of

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: and

text: is

text: native

text: to

text: wetlands

text: in

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: medicinal

text: herb

text: in

text: Ayurvedic

text: medicine

text: traditional

text: African

text: medicine

text: and

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: medicine

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Asiatic

text: pennywort

text: or

text: Indian

text: pennywort

text: in

text: English

text: among

text: various

text: other

text: names

text: in

text: other

text: languages

text: Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin, ("Carum carvi") is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.

text: Caraway

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: meridian

text: fennel

text: and

text: Persian

text: cumin

text: Carum

text: carvi

text: is

text: biennial

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: western

text: Asia

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: Africa

text: Angelica is a genus of about 60 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far north as Iceland and Lapland and Greenland. They grow to tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers.

text: Angelica

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: about

text: species

text: of

text: tall

text: biennial

text: and

text: perennial

text: herbs

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: temperate

text: and

text: subarctic

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: reaching

text: as

text: far

text: north

text: as

text: Iceland

text: and

text: Lapland

text: and

text: Greenland

text: They

text: grow

text: to

text: tall

text: with

text: large

text: bipinnate

text: leaves

text: and

text: large

text: compound

text: umbels

text: of

text: white

text: or

text: greenish

text: white

text: flowers

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text: Asafoetida is the dried latex (gum oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of "Ferula", a perennial herb that grows tall. The species is native to the deserts of Iran and mountains of Afghanistan and is mainly cultivated in nearby India. As its name suggests, asafoetida has a fetid smell, but in cooked dishes, it delivers a smooth flavour reminiscent of leeks.

text: Asafoetida

text: is

text: the

text: dried

text: latex

text: gum

text: oleoresin

text: exuded

text: from

text: the

text: rhizome

text: or

text: tap

text: root

text: of

text: several

text: species

text: of

text: Ferula

text: perennial

text: herb

text: that

text: grows

text: tall

text: The

text: species

text: is

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: deserts

text: of

text: Iran

text: and

text: mountains

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: is

text: mainly

text: cultivated

text: in

text: nearby

text: India

text: As

text: its

text: name

text: suggests

text: asafoetida

text: has

text: fetid

text: smell

text: but

text: in

text: cooked

text: dishes

text: it

text: delivers

text: smooth

text: flavour

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: leeks

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approx. 13,164 known genera and a total of c. 295,383 known species. Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants; they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Etymologically, angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting plant. The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek composite word ("angeion", "case" or "casing", and "sperma", "seed") meaning "enclosed seeds", after the enclosed condition of the seeds.

text: The

text: flowering

text: plants

text: angiosperms

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Angiospermae

text: or

text: Magnoliophyta

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: diverse

text: group

text: of

text: land

text: plants

text: with

text: families

text: approx

text: known

text: genera

text: and

text: total

text: of

text: known

text: species

text: Like

text: gymnosperms

text: angiosperms

text: are

text: seed

text: producing

text: plants

text: they

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: gymnosperms

text: by

text: characteristics

text: including

text: flowers

text: endosperm

text: within

text: the

text: seeds

text: and

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: fruits

text: that

text: contain

text: the

text: seeds

text: Etymologically

text: angiosperm

text: means

text: plant

text: that

text: produces

text: seeds

text: within

text: an

text: enclosure

text: in

text: other

text: words

text: fruiting

text: plant

text: The

text: term

text: angiosperm

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: composite

text: word

text: angeion

text: case

text: or

text: casing

text: and

text: sperma

text: seed

text: meaning

text: enclosed

text: seeds

text: after

text: the

text: enclosed

text: condition

text: of

text: the

text: seeds

text: Cicely or sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata) is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the celery family Apiaceae. It is one of two accepted species in the genus Myrrhis.

text: Cicely

text: or

text: sweet

text: cicely

text: Myrrhis

text: odorata

text: is

text: herbaceous

text: perennial

text: plant

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: celery

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: two

text: accepted

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: genus

text: Myrrhis

text: Lovage, Levisticum officinale, is a tall perennial plant, the sole species in the genus Levisticum in the family Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae, tribe Apieae.

text: Lovage

text: Levisticum

text: officinale

text: is

text: tall

text: perennial

text: plant

text: the

text: sole

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: genus

text: Levisticum

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: subfamily

text: Apioideae

text: tribe

text: Apieae

text: Coriander (or ; "Coriandrum sativum"), also known as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the parts most traditionally used in cooking.

text: Coriander

text: or

text: Coriandrum

text: sativum

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: cilantro

text: or

text: Chinese

text: parsley

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: herb

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: All

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: are

text: edible

text: but

text: the

text: fresh

text: leaves

text: and

text: the

text: dried

text: seeds

text: are

text: the

text: parts

text: most

text: traditionally

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: The carrot ("Daucus carota" subsp. "sativus") is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow varieties exist. Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, "Daucus carota", native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the greens are sometimes eaten as well. The domestic carrot has been selectively bred for its greatly enlarged, more palatable, less woody-textured taproot.

text: The

text: carrot

text: Daucus

text: carota

text: subsp

text: sativus

text: is

text: root

text: vegetable

text: usually

text: orange

text: in

text: colour

text: though

text: purple

text: black

text: red

text: white

text: and

text: yellow

text: varieties

text: exist

text: Carrots

text: are

text: domesticated

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: wild

text: carrot

text: Daucus

text: carota

text: native

text: to

text: Europe

text: and

text: southwestern

text: Asia

text: The

text: plant

text: probably

text: originated

text: in

text: Persia

text: and

text: originally

text: cultivated

text: for

text: its

text: leaves

text: and

text: seeds

text: The

text: most

text: commonly

text: eaten

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: is

text: the

text: taproot

text: although

text: the

text: greens

text: are

text: sometimes

text: eaten

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: domestic

text: carrot

text: has

text: been

text: selectively

text: bred

text: for

text: its

text: greatly

text: enlarged

text: more

text: palatable

text: less

text: woody

text: textured

text: taproot

text: Silphium (also known as silphion, laserwort, or laser) was a plant that was used in classical antiquity as a seasoning and as a medicine. It was the essential item of trade from the ancient North African city of Cyrene, and was so critical to the Cyrenian economy that most of their coins bore a picture of the plant. The valuable product was the plant's resin ("laser", laserpicium, or lasarpicium).

text: Silphium

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: silphion

text: laserwort

text: or

text: laser

text: was

text: plant

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: as

text: seasoning

text: and

text: as

text: medicine

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: essential

text: item

text: of

text: trade

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: North

text: African

text: city

text: of

text: Cyrene

text: and

text: was

text: so

text: critical

text: to

text: the

text: Cyrenian

text: economy

text: that

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: coins

text: bore

text: picture

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: The

text: valuable

text: product

text: was

text: the

text: plant

text: 's

text: resin

text: laser

text: laserpicium

text: or

text: lasarpicium

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: Apium (including celery and the marshworts) is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, with a subcosmopolitan distribution in Europe, Asia, Africa, South America and Australia. They are medium to tall biennials or perennials growing up to 1 m high in the wet soil of marshes and salt marshes, and have pinnate to bipinnate leaves and small white flowers in compound umbels. Some species are edible, notably "Apium graveolens", which includes the commercially important vegetables celery, celeriac and Chinese celery. "Apium bermejoi" from the island of Minorca is one of the rarest plants in Europe, with fewer than 100 individuals left.

text: Apium

text: including

text: celery

text: and

text: the

text: marshworts

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: about

text: species

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: with

text: subcosmopolitan

text: distribution

text: in

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: South

text: America

text: and

text: Australia

text: They

text: are

text: medium

text: to

text: tall

text: biennials

text: or

text: perennials

text: growing

text: up

text: to

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: wet

text: soil

text: of

text: marshes

text: and

text: salt

text: marshes

text: and

text: have

text: pinnate

text: to

text: bipinnate

text: leaves

text: and

text: small

text: white

text: flowers

text: in

text: compound

text: umbels

text: Some

text: species

text: are

text: edible

text: notably

text: Apium

text: graveolens

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: commercially

text: important

text: vegetables

text: celery

text: celeriac

text: and

text: Chinese

text: celery

text: Apium

text: bermejoi

text: from

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Minorca

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: rarest

text: plants

text: in

text: Europe

text: with

text: fewer

text: than

text: individuals

text: left

text: Anise ('), also called aniseed"', is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia. Its flavor has similarities with some other spices, such as star anise, fennel, and licorice.

text: Anise

text: also

text: called

text: aniseed

text: is

text: flowering

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: eastern

text: Mediterranean

text: region

text: and

text: Southwest

text: Asia

text: Its

text: flavor

text: has

text: similarities

text: with

text: some

text: other

text: spices

text: such

text: as

text: star

text: anise

text: fennel

text: and

text: licorice

text: Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), sometimes called garden chervil to distinguish it from similar plants also called chervil, or French parsley, is a delicate annual herb related to parsley. It is commonly used to season mild-flavoured dishes and is a constituent of the French herb mixture fines herbes.

text: Chervil

text: Anthriscus

text: cerefolium

text: sometimes

text: called

text: garden

text: chervil

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: similar

text: plants

text: also

text: called

text: chervil

text: or

text: French

text: parsley

text: is

text: delicate

text: annual

text: herb

text: related

text: to

text: parsley

text: It

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: season

text: mild

text: flavoured

text: dishes

text: and

text: is

text: constituent

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: herb

text: mixture

text: fines

text: herbes

text: Coriandrum is a genus of herbs in the Apiaceae family containing the cultivated species Coriandrum sativum ( coriander ) and the wild species Coriandrum tordylium . The leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum are used in cooking . The leaves are often referred to as cilantro in North America .

text: Coriandrum

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: herbs

text: in

text: the

text: Apiaceae

text: family

text: containing

text: the

text: cultivated

text: species

text: Coriandrum

text: sativum

text: coriander

text: and

text: the

text: wild

text: species

text: Coriandrum

text: tordylium

text: The

text: leaves

text: and

text: seeds

text: of

text: Coriandrum

text: sativum

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: The

text: leaves

text: are

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: cilantro

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Dill ("Anethum graveolens") is an annual herb in the celery family Apiaceae.

text: Dill

text: Anethum

text: graveolens

text: is

text: an

text: annual

text: herb

text: in

text: the

text: celery

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: Celery ("Apium graveolens"), a marshland plant in the family Apiaceae, has been cultivated as a vegetable since antiquity. Celery has a long fibrous stalk tapering into leaves. Depending on location and cultivar, either its stalks, leaves, or hypocotyl are eaten and used in cooking.

text: Celery

text: Apium

text: graveolens

text: marshland

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Apiaceae

text: has

text: been

text: cultivated

text: as

text: vegetable

text: since

text: antiquity

text: Celery

text: has

text: long

text: fibrous

text: stalk

text: tapering

text: into

text: leaves

text: Depending

text: on

text: location

text: and

text: cultivar

text: either

text: its

text: stalks

text: leaves

text: or

text: hypocotyl

text: are

text: eaten

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: Apiaceae or Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family. The family, which is named after the type genus "Apium", is large, with more than 3,700 species spread across 434 genera; it is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants. Included in this family are the well-known plants: angelica, anise, arracacha, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, "Centella asiatica", chervil, cicely, coriander (cilantro), culantro, cumin, dill, fennel, hemlock, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip, cow parsnip, sea holly, giant hogweed and silphium (a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct).

text: Apiaceae

text: or

text: Umbelliferae

text: is

text: family

text: of

text: mostly

text: aromatic

text: flowering

text: plants

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: celery

text: carrot

text: or

text: parsley

text: family

text: The

text: family

text: which

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: type

text: genus

text: Apium

text: is

text: large

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: species

text: spread

text: across

text: genera

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: family

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: Included

text: in

text: this

text: family

text: are

text: the

text: well

text: known

text: plants

text: angelica

text: anise

text: arracacha

text: asafoetida

text: caraway

text: carrot

text: celery

text: Centella

text: asiatica

text: chervil

text: cicely

text: coriander

text: cilantro

text: culantro

text: cumin

text: dill

text: fennel

text: hemlock

text: lovage

text: cow

text: parsley

text: parsley

text: parsnip

text: cow

text: parsnip

text: sea

text: holly

text: giant

text: hogweed

text: and

text: silphium

text: plant

text: whose

text: identity

text: is

text: unclear

text: and

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: extinct

text: The parsnip ("Pastinaca sativa") is a root vegetable closely related to the carrot and parsley. It is a biennial plant usually grown as an annual. Its long, tuberous root has cream-colored skin and flesh; and left in the ground to mature, it becomes sweeter in flavor after winter frosts. In its first growing season, the plant has a rosette of pinnate, mid-green leaves. If unharvested, it produces its flowering stem, topped by an umbel of small yellow flowers, in its second growing season. By this time, the stem is woody and the tuber is inedible. The seeds are pale brown, flat, and winged.

text: The

text: parsnip

text: Pastinaca

text: sativa

text: is

text: root

text: vegetable

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: carrot

text: and

text: parsley

text: It

text: is

text: biennial

text: plant

text: usually

text: grown

text: as

text: an

text: annual

text: Its

text: long

text: tuberous

text: root

text: has

text: cream

text: colored

text: skin

text: and

text: flesh

text: and

text: left

text: in

text: the

text: ground

text: to

text: mature

text: it

text: becomes

text: sweeter

text: in

text: flavor

text: after

text: winter

text: frosts

text: In

text: its

text: first

text: growing

text: season

text: the

text: plant

text: has

text: rosette

text: of

text: pinnate

text: mid

text: green

text: leaves

text: If

text: unharvested

text: it

text: produces

text: its

text: flowering

text: stem

text: topped

text: by

text: an

text: umbel

text: of

text: small

text: yellow

text: flowers

text: in

text: its

text: second

text: growing

text: season

text: By

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: stem

text: is

text: woody

text: and

text: the

text: tuber

text: is

text: inedible

text: The

text: seeds

text: are

text: pale

text: brown

text: flat

text: and

text: winged

text: Fennel ("Foeniculum vulgare") is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea-coast and on riverbanks.

text: Fennel

text: Foeniculum

text: vulgare

text: is

text: flowering

text: plant

text: species

text: in

text: the

text: carrot

text: family

text: It

text: is

text: hardy

text: perennial

text: herb

text: with

text: yellow

text: flowers

text: and

text: feathery

text: leaves

text: It

text: is

text: indigenous

text: to

text: the

text: shores

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: but

text: has

text: become

text: widely

text: naturalized

text: in

text: many

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: especially

text: on

text: dry

text: soils

text: near

text: the

text: sea

text: coast

text: and

text: on

text: riverbanks

question: parent_taxon coriandrum

answer: apioideae

text: apioideae