text: The Young Philadelphians is a 1959 drama film starring Paul Newman, Barbara Rush, Robert Vaughn and Alexis Smith, and directed by Vincent Sherman. The film is based on the 1956 novel, "The Philadelphian", by Richard P. Powell.

text: The

text: Young

text: Philadelphians

text: is

text: drama

text: film

text: starring

text: Paul

text: Newman

text: Barbara

text: Rush

text: Robert

text: Vaughn

text: and

text: Alexis

text: Smith

text: and

text: directed

text: by

text: Vincent

text: Sherman

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: novel

text: The

text: Philadelphian

text: by

text: Richard

text: Powell

text: Mr. Skeffington is a 1944 American drama film directed by Vincent Sherman, based on the novel of the same name by Elizabeth von Arnim.

text: Mr.

text: Skeffington

text: is

text: American

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Vincent

text: Sherman

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: novel

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: by

text: Elizabeth

text: von

text: Arnim

text: Irwin Shaw (February 27, 1913  May 16, 1984) was an American playwright, screenwriter, novelist, and short-story author whose written works have sold more than 14 million copies. He is best known for two of his novels: "The Young Lions" (1948), about the fate of three soldiers during World War II, made into a film of the same name starring Marlon Brando and Montgomery Clift, and "Rich Man, Poor Man" (1970), about the fate of three siblings after World War II, that was made into a popular miniseries starring Nick Nolte. Though Shaw's work received widespread critical acclaim, the success of his commercial fiction ultimately diminished his literary reputation.

text: Irwin

text: Shaw

text: February

text: May

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: playwright

text: screenwriter

text: novelist

text: and

text: short

text: story

text: author

text: whose

text: written

text: works

text: have

text: sold

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: copies

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: two

text: of

text: his

text: novels

text: The

text: Young

text: Lions

text: about

text: the

text: fate

text: of

text: three

text: soldiers

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: made

text: into

text: film

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: starring

text: Marlon

text: Brando

text: and

text: Montgomery

text: Clift

text: and

text: Rich

text: Man

text: Poor

text: Man

text: about

text: the

text: fate

text: of

text: three

text: siblings

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: that

text: was

text: made

text: into

text: popular

text: miniseries

text: starring

text: Nick

text: Nolte

text: Though

text: Shaw

text: 's

text: work

text: received

text: widespread

text: critical

text: acclaim

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: his

text: commercial

text: fiction

text: ultimately

text: diminished

text: his

text: literary

text: reputation

text: The Hard Way is a 1943 Warner Bros. musical drama film directed by Vincent Sherman . The film was based on a story by Irwin Shaw which was reportedly based on Ginger Rogers ' relationship with her first husband , Jack Pepper ( whom she married in 1928 at age 17 ) and her own mother , Lela .

text: The

text: Hard

text: Way

text: is

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: musical

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Vincent

text: Sherman

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: story

text: by

text: Irwin

text: Shaw

text: which

text: was

text: reportedly

text: based

text: on

text: Ginger

text: Rogers

text: relationship

text: with

text: her

text: first

text: husband

text: Jack

text: Pepper

text: whom

text: she

text: married

text: in

text: at

text: age

text: and

text: her

text: own

text: mother

text: Lela

text: Nora Prentiss is a 1947 black-and-white drama film noir directed by Vincent Sherman, and starring Ann Sheridan, Kent Smith, Bruce Bennett and Robert Alda. Sherman also directed leading lady Sheridan in another 1947 film noir, "The Unfaithful". The cinematography is by cinematographer James Wong Howe, and the music was composed by Franz Waxman.

text: Nora

text: Prentiss

text: is

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: drama

text: film

text: noir

text: directed

text: by

text: Vincent

text: Sherman

text: and

text: starring

text: Ann

text: Sheridan

text: Kent

text: Smith

text: Bruce

text: Bennett

text: and

text: Robert

text: Alda

text: Sherman

text: also

text: directed

text: leading

text: lady

text: Sheridan

text: in

text: another

text: film

text: noir

text: The

text: Unfaithful

text: The

text: cinematography

text: is

text: by

text: cinematographer

text: James

text: Wong

text: Howe

text: and

text: the

text: music

text: was

text: composed

text: by

text: Franz

text: Waxman

text: Vincent Sherman (July 16, 1906  June 18, 2006) was an American director and actor who worked in Hollywood. His movies include "Mr. Skeffington" (1944), "Nora Prentiss" (1947), and "The Young Philadelphians" (1959).

text: Vincent

text: Sherman

text: July

text: June

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: director

text: and

text: actor

text: who

text: worked

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: His

text: movies

text: include

text: Mr.

text: Skeffington

text: Nora

text: Prentiss

text: and

text: The

text: Young

text: Philadelphians

text: Edward Montgomery "Monty" Clift (October 17, 1920July 23, 1966) was an American film and stage actor. "The New York Times" obituary of Clift noted his portrayal of "moody, sensitive young men". He is best remembered for roles in "Red River" (1948), "The Heiress" (1949), George Stevens's "A Place in the Sun" (1951), as a Catholic priest in Alfred Hitchcock's "I Confess" (1952), a soldier in Fred Zinnemann's "From Here to Eternity" (1953) and Edward Dmytryk's "The Young Lions" (1958), and as a mentally challenged, sterilized concentration camp survivor in Stanley Kramer's "Judgment at Nuremberg" (1961). He received four Academy Award nominations during his career: three for Best Actor and one for Best Supporting Actor.

text: Edward

text: Montgomery

text: Monty

text: Clift

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: and

text: stage

text: actor

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: obituary

text: of

text: Clift

text: noted

text: his

text: portrayal

text: of

text: moody

text: sensitive

text: young

text: men

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: remembered

text: for

text: roles

text: in

text: Red

text: River

text: The

text: Heiress

text: George

text: Stevens

text: 's

text: Place

text: in

text: the

text: Sun

text: as

text: Catholic

text: priest

text: in

text: Alfred

text: Hitchcock

text: 's

text: Confess

text: soldier

text: in

text: Fred

text: Zinnemann

text: 's

text: From

text: Here

text: to

text: Eternity

text: and

text: Edward

text: Dmytryk

text: 's

text: The

text: Young

text: Lions

text: and

text: as

text: mentally

text: challenged

text: sterilized

text: concentration

text: camp

text: survivor

text: in

text: Stanley

text: Kramer

text: 's

text: Judgment

text: at

text: Nuremberg

text: He

text: received

text: four

text: Academy

text: Award

text: nominations

text: during

text: his

text: career

text: three

text: for

text: Best

text: Actor

text: and

text: one

text: for

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actor

question: director_of_photography the hard way

answer: james wong howe

text: james wong howe


text: Themistocles ("Themistokls"; "Glory of the Law"; c. 524459 BC) was an Athenian politician and general. He was one of a new breed of non-aristocratic politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy. As a politician, Themistocles was a populist, having the support of lower class Athenians, and generally being at odds with the Athenian nobility. Elected archon in 493 BC, he convinced the polis to increase the naval power of Athens, a recurring theme in his political career. During the first Persian invasion of Greece, he fought at the Battle of Marathon, and was possibly one of the ten Athenian "strategoi" (generals) in that battle.

text: Themistocles

text: Themistokls

text: Glory

text: of

text: the

text: Law

text: BC

text: was

text: an

text: Athenian

text: politician

text: and

text: general

text: He

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: new

text: breed

text: of

text: non

text: aristocratic

text: politicians

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Athenian

text: democracy

text: As

text: politician

text: Themistocles

text: was

text: populist

text: having

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: lower

text: class

text: Athenians

text: and

text: generally

text: being

text: at

text: odds

text: with

text: the

text: Athenian

text: nobility

text: Elected

text: archon

text: in

text: BC

text: he

text: convinced

text: the

text: polis

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: naval

text: power

text: of

text: Athens

text: recurring

text: theme

text: in

text: his

text: political

text: career

text: During

text: the

text: first

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: he

text: fought

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Marathon

text: and

text: was

text: possibly

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: ten

text: Athenian

text: strategoi

text: generals

text: in

text: that

text: battle

text: Pylos, historically also known under its Italian name Navarino, is a town and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pylos-Nestoras, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. It was the capital of the former Pylia Province. It is the main harbour on the Bay of Navarino. Nearby villages include Gialova, Pyla, Elaiofyto, Schinolakka, and Palaionero. The town of Pylos has 2,767 inhabitants, the municipal unit of Pylos 5,287 (2011). The municipal unit has an area of 143.911 km.

text: Pylos

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: under

text: its

text: Italian

text: name

text: Navarino

text: is

text: town

text: and

text: former

text: municipality

text: in

text: Messenia

text: Peloponnese

text: Greece

text: Since

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: reform

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: Pylos

text: Nestoras

text: of

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: and

text: municipal

text: unit

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Pylia

text: Province

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: harbour

text: on

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Navarino

text: Nearby

text: villages

text: include

text: Gialova

text: Pyla

text: Elaiofyto

text: Schinolakka

text: and

text: Palaionero

text: The

text: town

text: of

text: Pylos

text: has

text: inhabitants

text: the

text: municipal

text: unit

text: of

text: Pylos

text: The

text: municipal

text: unit

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: km

text: A sophist or sophister was a specific kind of teacher in both Ancient Greece and in the Roman Empire. Many sophists specialized in using the tools of philosophy and rhetoric, though other sophists taught subjects such as music, athletics, and mathematics. In general, they claimed to teach "arete" ("excellence" or "virtue," applied to various subject areas), predominantly to young statesmen and nobility. There are not many writings from and about the first sophists. The early sophists' practice of charging money for education and providing wisdom only to those who could pay resulted in the condemnations made by Socrates through Plato in his Dialogues, as well as by Xenophon in Memorabilia and, somewhat controversially, by Aristotle who, being paid to tutor Alexander the Great, could be accused of being a Sophist (although Aristotle did not actually accept payment from Philip, Alexander's father, but requested that, in lieu of payment, Philip reconstruct Aristotle's home town of Stagira, which Philip had destroyed in a previous campaign, terms which Philip accepted). Author of "The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction" James A. Herrick wrote, In "De Oratore", Cicero blames Plato for separating wisdom and eloquence in the philosophers famous attack on the Sophists in "Gorgias". The classical tradition of rhetoric and composition refers more to philosophers like Aristotle, Cicero, and Quintilian than to the sophists. Despite these criticisms, however, many sophists flourished in later periods, especially during the era of Roman history known as the Second Sophistic.

text: sophist

text: or

text: sophister

text: was

text: specific

text: kind

text: of

text: teacher

text: in

text: both

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Many

text: sophists

text: specialized

text: in

text: using

text: the

text: tools

text: of

text: philosophy

text: and

text: rhetoric

text: though

text: other

text: sophists

text: taught

text: subjects

text: such

text: as

text: music

text: athletics

text: and

text: mathematics

text: In

text: general

text: they

text: claimed

text: to

text: teach

text: arete

text: excellence

text: or

text: virtue

text: applied

text: to

text: various

text: subject

text: areas

text: predominantly

text: to

text: young

text: statesmen

text: and

text: nobility

text: There

text: are

text: not

text: many

text: writings

text: from

text: and

text: about

text: the

text: first

text: sophists

text: The

text: early

text: sophists

text: practice

text: of

text: charging

text: money

text: for

text: education

text: and

text: providing

text: wisdom

text: only

text: to

text: those

text: who

text: could

text: pay

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: condemnations

text: made

text: by

text: Socrates

text: through

text: Plato

text: in

text: his

text: Dialogues

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: Xenophon

text: in

text: Memorabilia

text: and

text: somewhat

text: controversially

text: by

text: Aristotle

text: who

text: being

text: paid

text: to

text: tutor

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: could

text: be

text: accused

text: of

text: being

text: Sophist

text: although

text: Aristotle

text: did

text: not

text: actually

text: accept

text: payment

text: from

text: Philip

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: father

text: but

text: requested

text: that

text: in

text: lieu

text: of

text: payment

text: Philip

text: reconstruct

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: home

text: town

text: of

text: Stagira

text: which

text: Philip

text: had

text: destroyed

text: in

text: previous

text: campaign

text: terms

text: which

text: Philip

text: accepted

text: Author

text: of

text: The

text: History

text: and

text: Theory

text: of

text: Rhetoric

text: An

text: Introduction

text: James

text: Herrick

text: wrote

text: In

text: De

text: Oratore

text: Cicero

text: blames

text: Plato

text: for

text: separating

text: wisdom

text: and

text: eloquence

text: in

text: the

text: philosophers

text: famous

text: attack

text: on

text: the

text: Sophists

text: in

text: Gorgias

text: The

text: classical

text: tradition

text: of

text: rhetoric

text: and

text: composition

text: refers

text: more

text: to

text: philosophers

text: like

text: Aristotle

text: Cicero

text: and

text: Quintilian

text: than

text: to

text: the

text: sophists

text: Despite

text: these

text: criticisms

text: however

text: many

text: sophists

text: flourished

text: in

text: later

text: periods

text: especially

text: during

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: Roman

text: history

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: Sophistic

text: The second Persian invasion of Greece (480479 BC) occurred during the Greco-Persian Wars, as King Xerxes I of Persia sought to conquer all of Greece. The invasion was a direct, if delayed, response to the defeat of the first Persian invasion of Greece (492490 BC) at the Battle of Marathon, which ended Darius I's attempts to subjugate Greece. After Darius's death, his son Xerxes spent several years planning for the second invasion, mustering an enormous army and navy. The Athenians and Spartans led the Greek resistance. About a tenth of the Greek city-states joined the 'Allied' effort; most remained neutral or submitted to Xerxes.

text: The

text: second

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: BC

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: Greco

text: Persian

text: Wars

text: as

text: King

text: Xerxes

text: of

text: Persia

text: sought

text: to

text: conquer

text: all

text: of

text: Greece

text: The

text: invasion

text: was

text: direct

text: if

text: delayed

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: BC

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Marathon

text: which

text: ended

text: Darius

text: 's

text: attempts

text: to

text: subjugate

text: Greece

text: After

text: Darius

text: 's

text: death

text: his

text: son

text: Xerxes

text: spent

text: several

text: years

text: planning

text: for

text: the

text: second

text: invasion

text: mustering

text: an

text: enormous

text: army

text: and

text: navy

text: The

text: Athenians

text: and

text: Spartans

text: led

text: the

text: Greek

text: resistance

text: About

text: tenth

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: city

text: states

text: joined

text: the

text: Allied

text: effort

text: most

text: remained

text: neutral

text: or

text: submitted

text: to

text: Xerxes

text: Greek mythology is the body of myths and teachings that belong to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. It was a part of the religion in ancient Greece. Modern scholars refer to and study the myths in an attempt to shed light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece and its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself.

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: is

text: the

text: body

text: of

text: myths

text: and

text: teachings

text: that

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greeks

text: concerning

text: their

text: gods

text: and

text: heroes

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: origins

text: and

text: significance

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: cult

text: and

text: ritual

text: practices

text: It

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: religion

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: Modern

text: scholars

text: refer

text: to

text: and

text: study

text: the

text: myths

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: shed

text: light

text: on

text: the

text: religious

text: and

text: political

text: institutions

text: of

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: and

text: its

text: civilization

text: and

text: to

text: gain

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: myth

text: making

text: itself

text: Pindar ("Pindaros") (c. 522  c. 443 BC) was an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes. Of the canonical nine lyric poets of ancient Greece, his work is the best preserved. Quintilian wrote, "Of the nine lyric poets, Pindar is by far the greatest, in virtue of his inspired magnificence, the beauty of his thoughts and figures, the rich exuberance of his language and matter, and his rolling flood of eloquence, characteristics which, as Horace rightly held, make him inimitable." His poems can also, however, seem difficult and even peculiar. The Athenian comic playwright Eupolis once remarked that they "are already reduced to silence by the disinclination of the multitude for elegant learning". Some scholars in the modern age also found his poetry perplexing, at least until the 1896 discovery of some poems by his rival Bacchylides; comparisons of their work showed that many of Pindar's idiosyncrasies are typical of archaic genres rather than of only the poet himself. His poetry, while admired by critics, still challenges the casual reader and his work is largely unread among the general public.

text: Pindar

text: Pindaros

text: BC

text: was

text: an

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: lyric

text: poet

text: from

text: Thebes

text: Of

text: the

text: canonical

text: nine

text: lyric

text: poets

text: of

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: his

text: work

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: preserved

text: Quintilian

text: wrote

text: Of

text: the

text: nine

text: lyric

text: poets

text: Pindar

text: is

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: greatest

text: in

text: virtue

text: of

text: his

text: inspired

text: magnificence

text: the

text: beauty

text: of

text: his

text: thoughts

text: and

text: figures

text: the

text: rich

text: exuberance

text: of

text: his

text: language

text: and

text: matter

text: and

text: his

text: rolling

text: flood

text: of

text: eloquence

text: characteristics

text: which

text: as

text: Horace

text: rightly

text: held

text: make

text: him

text: inimitable

text: His

text: poems

text: can

text: also

text: however

text: seem

text: difficult

text: and

text: even

text: peculiar

text: The

text: Athenian

text: comic

text: playwright

text: Eupolis

text: once

text: remarked

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: already

text: reduced

text: to

text: silence

text: by

text: the

text: disinclination

text: of

text: the

text: multitude

text: for

text: elegant

text: learning

text: Some

text: scholars

text: in

text: the

text: modern

text: age

text: also

text: found

text: his

text: poetry

text: perplexing

text: at

text: least

text: until

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: some

text: poems

text: by

text: his

text: rival

text: Bacchylides

text: comparisons

text: of

text: their

text: work

text: showed

text: that

text: many

text: of

text: Pindar

text: 's

text: idiosyncrasies

text: are

text: typical

text: of

text: archaic

text: genres

text: rather

text: than

text: of

text: only

text: the

text: poet

text: himself

text: His

text: poetry

text: while

text: admired

text: by

text: critics

text: still

text: challenges

text: the

text: casual

text: reader

text: and

text: his

text: work

text: is

text: largely

text: unread

text: among

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: Herodotus ("Hródotos") was a Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus in the Persian Empire (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey) and lived in the fifth century BC (484 425 BC), a contemporary of Socrates. He is widely referred to as "The Father of History" (first conferred by Cicero); he was the first historian known to have broken from Homeric tradition to treat historical subjects as a method of investigationspecifically, by collecting his materials systematically and critically, and then arranging them into a historiographic narrative. "The Histories" is the only work which he is known to have produced, a record of his "inquiry" (or "historía") on the origins of the Greco-Persian Wars, including a wealth of geographical and ethnographical information. Some of his stories were fanciful and others inaccurate; yet he states that he was reporting only what was told to him and was often correct in his information. Despite Herodotus' historical significance, little is known of his personal history.

text: Herodotus

text: Hródotos

text: was

text: Greek

text: historian

text: who

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Halicarnassus

text: in

text: the

text: Persian

text: Empire

text: modern

text: day

text: Bodrum

text: Turkey

text: and

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: fifth

text: century

text: BC

text: BC

text: contemporary

text: of

text: Socrates

text: He

text: is

text: widely

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: The

text: Father

text: of

text: History

text: first

text: conferred

text: by

text: Cicero

text: he

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: historian

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: broken

text: from

text: Homeric

text: tradition

text: to

text: treat

text: historical

text: subjects

text: as

text: method

text: of

text: investigationspecifically

text: by

text: collecting

text: his

text: materials

text: systematically

text: and

text: critically

text: and

text: then

text: arranging

text: them

text: into

text: historiographic

text: narrative

text: The

text: Histories

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: work

text: which

text: he

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: produced

text: record

text: of

text: his

text: inquiry

text: or

text: historía

text: on

text: the

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: Greco

text: Persian

text: Wars

text: including

text: wealth

text: of

text: geographical

text: and

text: ethnographical

text: information

text: Some

text: of

text: his

text: stories

text: were

text: fanciful

text: and

text: others

text: inaccurate

text: yet

text: he

text: states

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: reporting

text: only

text: what

text: was

text: told

text: to

text: him

text: and

text: was

text: often

text: correct

text: in

text: his

text: information

text: Despite

text: Herodotus

text: historical

text: significance

text: little

text: is

text: known

text: of

text: his

text: personal

text: history

text: Corinth ("Kórinthos") is a city and former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Corinth, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. It is the capital of Corinthia.

text: Corinth

text: Kórinthos

text: is

text: city

text: and

text: former

text: municipality

text: in

text: Corinthia

text: Peloponnese

text: Greece

text: Since

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: reform

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: of

text: Corinth

text: of

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: and

text: municipal

text: unit

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Corinthia

text: Ioulis or Ioulida, locally called Khora like the main towns of most Greek islands and sometimes known by the island name of Kea or Keos (or earlier Zea), is the capital of the island of Kea in the Cyclades.

text: Ioulis

text: or

text: Ioulida

text: locally

text: called

text: Khora

text: like

text: the

text: main

text: towns

text: of

text: most

text: Greek

text: islands

text: and

text: sometimes

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: island

text: name

text: of

text: Kea

text: or

text: Keos

text: or

text: earlier

text: Zea

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Kea

text: in

text: the

text: Cyclades

text: Simonides of Ceos (c. 556  468 BC) was a Greek lyric poet, born at Ioulis on Ceos. The scholars of Hellenistic Alexandria included him in the canonical list of nine lyric poets, along with Bacchylides (his nephew) and Pindar (reputedly a bitter rival). Both Bacchylides and Pindar benefited from his innovative approach to lyric poetry and he was more involved than either of them in the major events and personalities of their times. His fame owes much to traditional accounts of his colourful life, as one of the wisest of men, as a greedy miser, as an inventor of a system of mnemonics and also of some letters of the Greek alphabet. Such accounts include fanciful elements yet he had a real influence on the sophistic enlightenment of the classical era. His fame as a poet rests largely on his ability to present basic human situations with affecting simplicity. In the words of the Roman rhetorician Quintilian:

text: Simonides

text: of

text: Ceos

text: BC

text: was

text: Greek

text: lyric

text: poet

text: born

text: at

text: Ioulis

text: on

text: Ceos

text: The

text: scholars

text: of

text: Hellenistic

text: Alexandria

text: included

text: him

text: in

text: the

text: canonical

text: list

text: of

text: nine

text: lyric

text: poets

text: along

text: with

text: Bacchylides

text: his

text: nephew

text: and

text: Pindar

text: reputedly

text: bitter

text: rival

text: Both

text: Bacchylides

text: and

text: Pindar

text: benefited

text: from

text: his

text: innovative

text: approach

text: to

text: lyric

text: poetry

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: more

text: involved

text: than

text: either

text: of

text: them

text: in

text: the

text: major

text: events

text: and

text: personalities

text: of

text: their

text: times

text: His

text: fame

text: owes

text: much

text: to

text: traditional

text: accounts

text: of

text: his

text: colourful

text: life

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: wisest

text: of

text: men

text: as

text: greedy

text: miser

text: as

text: an

text: inventor

text: of

text: system

text: of

text: mnemonics

text: and

text: also

text: of

text: some

text: letters

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: alphabet

text: Such

text: accounts

text: include

text: fanciful

text: elements

text: yet

text: he

text: had

text: real

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: sophistic

text: enlightenment

text: of

text: the

text: classical

text: era

text: His

text: fame

text: as

text: poet

text: rests

text: largely

text: on

text: his

text: ability

text: to

text: present

text: basic

text: human

text: situations

text: with

text: affecting

text: simplicity

text: In

text: the

text: words

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: rhetorician

text: Quintilian

text: Sparta (Doric Greek: ; Attic Greek: ) was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece. In antiquity the city-state was known as Lacedaemon, while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia, in south-eastern Peloponnese. Around 650 BC, it rose to become the dominant military land-power in ancient Greece.

text: Sparta

text: Doric

text: Greek

text: Attic

text: Greek

text: was

text: prominent

text: city

text: state

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: In

text: antiquity

text: the

text: city

text: state

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Lacedaemon

text: while

text: the

text: name

text: Sparta

text: referred

text: to

text: its

text: main

text: settlement

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Eurotas

text: River

text: in

text: Laconia

text: in

text: south

text: eastern

text: Peloponnese

text: Around

text: BC

text: it

text: rose

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: dominant

text: military

text: land

text: power

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: The first Persian invasion of Greece, during the Persian Wars, began in 492 BC, and ended with the decisive Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC. The invasion, consisting of two distinct campaigns, was ordered by the Persian king Darius I primarily in order to punish the city-states of Athens and Eretria. These cities had supported the cities of Ionia during their revolt against Persian rule, thus incurring the wrath of Darius. Darius also saw the opportunity to extend his empire into Europe, and to secure its western frontier.

text: The

text: first

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: during

text: the

text: Persian

text: Wars

text: began

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: ended

text: with

text: the

text: decisive

text: Athenian

text: victory

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Marathon

text: in

text: BC

text: The

text: invasion

text: consisting

text: of

text: two

text: distinct

text: campaigns

text: was

text: ordered

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: king

text: Darius

text: primarily

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: punish

text: the

text: city

text: states

text: of

text: Athens

text: and

text: Eretria

text: These

text: cities

text: had

text: supported

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Ionia

text: during

text: their

text: revolt

text: against

text: Persian

text: rule

text: thus

text: incurring

text: the

text: wrath

text: of

text: Darius

text: Darius

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: extend

text: his

text: empire

text: into

text: Europe

text: and

text: to

text: secure

text: its

text: western

text: frontier

text: The Battle of Thermopylae (; Greek: , "Mach tn Thermopyln") was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states, led by King Leonidas of Sparta, and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I over the course of three days, during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place simultaneously with the naval battle at Artemisium, in August or September 480 BC, at the narrow coastal pass of Thermopylae ("The Hot Gates"). The Persian invasion was a delayed response to the defeat of the first Persian invasion of Greece, which had been ended by the Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC. Xerxes had amassed a huge army and navy, and set out to conquer all of Greece. The Athenian general Themistocles had proposed that the allied Greeks block the advance of the Persian army at the pass of Thermopylae, and simultaneously block the Persian navy at the Straits of Artemisium.

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Thermopylae

text: Greek

text: Mach

text: tn

text: Thermopyln

text: was

text: fought

text: between

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: Greek

text: city

text: states

text: led

text: by

text: King

text: Leonidas

text: of

text: Sparta

text: and

text: the

text: Persian

text: Empire

text: of

text: Xerxes

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: three

text: days

text: during

text: the

text: second

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: It

text: took

text: place

text: simultaneously

text: with

text: the

text: naval

text: battle

text: at

text: Artemisium

text: in

text: August

text: or

text: September

text: BC

text: at

text: the

text: narrow

text: coastal

text: pass

text: of

text: Thermopylae

text: The

text: Hot

text: Gates

text: The

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: was

text: delayed

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: ended

text: by

text: the

text: Athenian

text: victory

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Marathon

text: in

text: BC

text: Xerxes

text: had

text: amassed

text: huge

text: army

text: and

text: navy

text: and

text: set

text: out

text: to

text: conquer

text: all

text: of

text: Greece

text: The

text: Athenian

text: general

text: Themistocles

text: had

text: proposed

text: that

text: the

text: allied

text: Greeks

text: block

text: the

text: advance

text: of

text: the

text: Persian

text: army

text: at

text: the

text: pass

text: of

text: Thermopylae

text: and

text: simultaneously

text: block

text: the

text: Persian

text: navy

text: at

text: the

text: Straits

text: of

text: Artemisium

text: Thermopylae (Ancient and Katharevousa Greek: , Demotic:  : "hot gates") is a place in Greece where a narrow coastal passage existed in antiquity. It derives its name from its hot sulphur springs. The Hot Gates is "the place of hot springs" and in Greek mythology it is the cavernous entrances to Hades".

text: Thermopylae

text: Ancient

text: and

text: Katharevousa

text: Greek

text: Demotic

text: hot

text: gates

text: is

text: place

text: in

text: Greece

text: where

text: narrow

text: coastal

text: passage

text: existed

text: in

text: antiquity

text: It

text: derives

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: its

text: hot

text: sulphur

text: springs

text: The

text: Hot

text: Gates

text: is

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: hot

text: springs

text: and

text: in

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: cavernous

text: entrances

text: to

text: Hades

text: A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories. Historically, this included cities such as Rome, Athens, Carthage, and the Italian city-states during the Renaissancebut today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist, with some disagreement as to which are city-states. A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore, Monaco, and Vatican City.

text: city

text: state

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: that

text: consists

text: of

text: city

text: and

text: its

text: dependent

text: territories

text: Historically

text: this

text: included

text: cities

text: such

text: as

text: Rome

text: Athens

text: Carthage

text: and

text: the

text: Italian

text: city

text: states

text: during

text: the

text: Renaissancebut

text: today

text: only

text: handful

text: of

text: sovereign

text: city

text: states

text: exist

text: with

text: some

text: disagreement

text: as

text: to

text: which

text: are

text: city

text: states

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: consensus

text: exists

text: that

text: the

text: term

text: properly

text: applies

text: to

text: Singapore

text: Monaco

text: and

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Xerxes I (x-š-y-a-r-š-a "ruling over heroes", Greek ; 518465 BC), called Xerxes the Great, was the fourth king of kings of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia. He ruled from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC at the hands of Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard.

text: Xerxes

text: š

text: š

text: ruling

text: over

text: heroes

text: Greek

text: BC

text: called

text: Xerxes

text: the

text: Great

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: king

text: of

text: kings

text: of

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: dynasty

text: of

text: Persia

text: He

text: ruled

text: from

text: BC

text: until

text: his

text: assassination

text: in

text: BC

text: at

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: Artabanus

text: the

text: commander

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: bodyguard

text: Divination (from Latin "divinare" "to foresee, to be inspired by a god", related to "divinus", divine) is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic, standardized process or ritual. Used in various forms throughout history, diviners ascertain their interpretations of how a querent should proceed by reading signs, events, or omens, or through alleged contact with a supernatural agency.

text: Divination

text: from

text: Latin

text: divinare

text: to

text: foresee

text: to

text: be

text: inspired

text: by

text: god

text: related

text: to

text: divinus

text: divine

text: is

text: the

text: attempt

text: to

text: gain

text: insight

text: into

text: question

text: or

text: situation

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: an

text: occultic

text: standardized

text: process

text: or

text: ritual

text: Used

text: in

text: various

text: forms

text: throughout

text: history

text: diviners

text: ascertain

text: their

text: interpretations

text: of

text: how

text: querent

text: should

text: proceed

text: by

text: reading

text: signs

text: events

text: or

text: omens

text: or

text: through

text: alleged

text: contact

text: with

text: supernatural

text: agency

text: A legend is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and demonstrating human values, and which possesses certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants, includes no happenings that are outside the realm of "possibility", but may include miracles. Legends may be transformed over time, in order to keep them fresh and vital, and realistic. Many legends operate within the realm of uncertainty, never being entirely believed by the participants, but also never being resolutely doubted.

text: legend

text: is

text: narrative

text: of

text: human

text: actions

text: that

text: are

text: perceived

text: both

text: by

text: teller

text: and

text: listeners

text: to

text: take

text: place

text: within

text: human

text: history

text: and

text: demonstrating

text: human

text: values

text: and

text: which

text: possesses

text: certain

text: qualities

text: that

text: give

text: the

text: tale

text: verisimilitude

text: Legend

text: for

text: its

text: active

text: and

text: passive

text: participants

text: includes

text: no

text: happenings

text: that

text: are

text: outside

text: the

text: realm

text: of

text: possibility

text: but

text: may

text: include

text: miracles

text: Legends

text: may

text: be

text: transformed

text: over

text: time

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: keep

text: them

text: fresh

text: and

text: vital

text: and

text: realistic

text: Many

text: legends

text: operate

text: within

text: the

text: realm

text: of

text: uncertainty

text: never

text: being

text: entirely

text: believed

text: by

text: the

text: participants

text: but

text: also

text: never

text: being

text: resolutely

text: doubted

text: Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (c. 35  c. 100 AD) was a Roman rhetorician from Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilian, although the alternate spellings of Quintillian and Quinctilian are occasionally seen, the latter in older texts.

text: Marcus

text: Fabius

text: Quintilianus

text: AD

text: was

text: Roman

text: rhetorician

text: from

text: Hispania

text: widely

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: medieval

text: schools

text: of

text: rhetoric

text: and

text: in

text: Renaissance

text: writing

text: In

text: English

text: translation

text: he

text: is

text: usually

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Quintilian

text: although

text: the

text: alternate

text: spellings

text: of

text: Quintillian

text: and

text: Quinctilian

text: are

text: occasionally

text: seen

text: the

text: latter

text: in

text: older

text: texts

text: In Greek mythology, Acarnan (; "genitive" ) was a son of Alcmaeon and Callirrhoe, and brother of Amphoterus. Their father was murdered by Phegeus (or, in some sources, his sons Agenor and Pronous), when they were yet very young, and Calirrhoe prayed to Zeus to make her sons grow quickly, that they might be able to avenge the death of their father. The prayer was granted, and Acarnan with his brother slew Phegeus, his wife, and his two sons. The inhabitants of Psophis, where the sons had been slain, pursued the murderers as far as Tegea, where however they were received and rescued. At the request of Achelous they carried the necklace and peplos of Harmonia to Delphi, and from thence they went to Epirus, where Acarnan founded the state called after him Acarnania.

text: In

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: Acarnan

text: genitive

text: was

text: son

text: of

text: Alcmaeon

text: and

text: Callirrhoe

text: and

text: brother

text: of

text: Amphoterus

text: Their

text: father

text: was

text: murdered

text: by

text: Phegeus

text: or

text: in

text: some

text: sources

text: his

text: sons

text: Agenor

text: and

text: Pronous

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: yet

text: very

text: young

text: and

text: Calirrhoe

text: prayed

text: to

text: Zeus

text: to

text: make

text: her

text: sons

text: grow

text: quickly

text: that

text: they

text: might

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: avenge

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: their

text: father

text: The

text: prayer

text: was

text: granted

text: and

text: Acarnan

text: with

text: his

text: brother

text: slew

text: Phegeus

text: his

text: wife

text: and

text: his

text: two

text: sons

text: The

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: Psophis

text: where

text: the

text: sons

text: had

text: been

text: slain

text: pursued

text: the

text: murderers

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: Tegea

text: where

text: however

text: they

text: were

text: received

text: and

text: rescued

text: At

text: the

text: request

text: of

text: Achelous

text: they

text: carried

text: the

text: necklace

text: and

text: peplos

text: of

text: Harmonia

text: to

text: Delphi

text: and

text: from

text: thence

text: they

text: went

text: to

text: Epirus

text: where

text: Acarnan

text: founded

text: the

text: state

text: called

text: after

text: him

text: Acarnania

text: Epirus is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania. It lies between the Pindus Mountains and the Ionian Sea, stretching from the Bay of Vlorë and the Acroceraunian mountains in the north to the Ambracian Gulf and the ruined Roman city of Nicopolis in the south. It is currently divided between the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece and the counties of Gjirokastër, Vlorë, and Berat in southern Albania. The largest city in Epirus is Ioannina, seat of the region of Epirus, with Gjirokastër the largest city in the Albanian part of Epirus.

text: Epirus

text: is

text: geographical

text: and

text: historical

text: region

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: now

text: shared

text: between

text: Greece

text: and

text: Albania

text: It

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: Pindus

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: the

text: Acroceraunian

text: mountains

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Ambracian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: ruined

text: Roman

text: city

text: of

text: Nicopolis

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Gjirokastër

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: Berat

text: in

text: southern

text: Albania

text: The

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Epirus

text: is

text: Ioannina

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: with

text: Gjirokastër

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Albanian

text: part

text: of

text: Epirus

text:
Calydon ("gen".: ) was an ancient Greek city in Aetolia, situated on the west bank of the river Evenus, 7.5 Roman miles (approx. 11 km) from the sea.
Its name is most famous today for the Calydonian Boar that had to be overcome by heroes of the Olympian age.
History.
According to Greek mythology, the city took its name from its founder Calydon, son of Aetolus. Close to the city stood Mount Arakynthos (Zygos), the slopes of which provided the setting for the hunt of the Calydonian Boar.

text: Calydon

text: gen

text: was

text: an

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: city

text: in

text: Aetolia

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: Evenus

text: Roman

text: miles

text: approx

text: km

text: from

text: the

text: sea

text: Its

text: name

text: is

text: most

text: famous

text: today

text: for

text: the

text: Calydonian

text: Boar

text: that

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: overcome

text: by

text: heroes

text: of

text: the

text: Olympian

text: age

text: History

text: According

text: to

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: the

text: city

text: took

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: its

text: founder

text: Calydon

text: son

text: of

text: Aetolus

text: Close

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: stood

text: Mount

text: Arakynthos

text: Zygos

text: the

text: slopes

text: of

text: which

text: provided

text: the

text: setting

text: for

text: the

text: hunt

text: of

text: the

text: Calydonian

text: Boar

text: The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf ("Korinthiaks Klpos") is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece. It is bounded in the east by the Isthmus of Corinth which includes the shipping-designed Corinth Canal and in the west by the Strait of Rion which widens into the shorter Gulf of Patras (part of the Ionian Sea) and of which the narrowest point is crossed since 2004 by the Rio-Antirio Bridge. The gulf is bordered by the large administrative divisions (prefectures): Aetolia-Acarnania and Phocis in the north, Boeotia in the northeast, Attica in the east, Corinthia in the southeast and south and Achaea in the southwest. The gulf is in tectonic movement comparable to movement in parts of Iceland and Turkey, growing by per year.

text: The

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Corinth

text: or

text: the

text: Corinthian

text: Gulf

text: Korinthiaks

text: Klpos

text: is

text: deep

text: inlet

text: of

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: separating

text: the

text: Peloponnese

text: from

text: western

text: mainland

text: Greece

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: of

text: Corinth

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: shipping

text: designed

text: Corinth

text: Canal

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Rion

text: which

text: widens

text: into

text: the

text: shorter

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Patras

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: and

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: narrowest

text: point

text: is

text: crossed

text: since

text: by

text: the

text: Rio

text: Antirio

text: Bridge

text: The

text: gulf

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: large

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: prefectures

text: Aetolia

text: Acarnania

text: and

text: Phocis

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: Boeotia

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: Attica

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Corinthia

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: Achaea

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: The

text: gulf

text: is

text: in

text: tectonic

text: movement

text: comparable

text: to

text: movement

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Iceland

text: and

text: Turkey

text: growing

text: by

text: per

text: year

text: In Greek mythology, Amythaon ("gen".: ) was a son of Cretheus and Tyro and brother of Aeson and Pheres. He dwelt at Pylos in Messenia, and by Idomene, his niece, or by Aglaia became the father of Bias, Melampus, and Aeolia. His wife Idomene is sometimes said to be daughter of Abas, king of Argos. According to Pindar, he and several other members of his family went to Iolcus to intercede with Pelias on behalf of Jason. Pausanias mentions him among those to whom the restoration of the Olympic Games was ascribed. A part of Elis was thought to have been named Amythaonia after him.

text: In

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: Amythaon

text: gen

text: was

text: son

text: of

text: Cretheus

text: and

text: Tyro

text: and

text: brother

text: of

text: Aeson

text: and

text: Pheres

text: He

text: dwelt

text: at

text: Pylos

text: in

text: Messenia

text: and

text: by

text: Idomene

text: his

text: niece

text: or

text: by

text: Aglaia

text: became

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: Bias

text: Melampus

text: and

text: Aeolia

text: His

text: wife

text: Idomene

text: is

text: sometimes

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: daughter

text: of

text: Abas

text: king

text: of

text: Argos

text: According

text: to

text: Pindar

text: he

text: and

text: several

text: other

text: members

text: of

text: his

text: family

text: went

text: to

text: Iolcus

text: to

text: intercede

text: with

text: Pelias

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: Jason

text: Pausanias

text: mentions

text: him

text: among

text: those

text: to

text: whom

text: the

text: restoration

text: of

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: was

text: ascribed

text: part

text: of

text: Elis

text: was

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: named

text: Amythaonia

text: after

text: him

text: The Battle of Marathon (Greek: , "Mach tou Marathnos") took place in 490 BC, during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes. The battle was the culmination of the first attempt by Persia, under King Darius I, to subjugate Greece. The Greek army decisively defeated the more numerous Persians, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars.

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Marathon

text: Greek

text: Mach

text: tou

text: Marathnos

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: BC

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: Persian

text: invasion

text: of

text: Greece

text: It

text: was

text: fought

text: between

text: the

text: citizens

text: of

text: Athens

text: aided

text: by

text: Plataea

text: and

text: Persian

text: force

text: commanded

text: by

text: Datis

text: and

text: Artaphernes

text: The

text: battle

text: was

text: the

text: culmination

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: attempt

text: by

text: Persia

text: under

text: King

text: Darius

text: to

text: subjugate

text: Greece

text: The

text: Greek

text: army

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: the

text: more

text: numerous

text: Persians

text: marking

text: turning

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: Greco

text: Persian

text: Wars

text: Bacchylides ("Bakkhylíds"; century ) was a Greek lyric poet. Later Greeks included him in the canonical list of nine lyric poets which included his uncle Simonides. The elegance and polished style of his lyrics have been noted in Bacchylidean scholarship since at least Longinus. Some scholars, however, have characterized these qualities as superficial charm. He has often been compared unfavourably with his contemporary, Pindar, as "a kind of Boccherini to Pindar's Haydn", yet the differences in their styles don't allow for easy comparison, with translator Robert Fagles writing that "to blame Bacchylides for not being Pindar is as childish a judgement as to condemn...Marvel for missing the grandeur of Milton." His career coincided with the ascendency of dramatic styles of poetry, as embodied in the works of Aeschylus or Sophocles, and he is in fact considered one of the last poets of major significance within the more ancient tradition of purely lyric poetry. The most notable features of his lyrics are their clarity in expression and simplicity of thought, making them an ideal introduction to the study of Greek lyric poetry in general and to Pindar's verse in particular.

text: Bacchylides

text: Bakkhylíds

text: century

text: was

text: Greek

text: lyric

text: poet

text: Later

text: Greeks

text: included

text: him

text: in

text: the

text: canonical

text: list

text: of

text: nine

text: lyric

text: poets

text: which

text: included

text: his

text: uncle

text: Simonides

text: The

text: elegance

text: and

text: polished

text: style

text: of

text: his

text: lyrics

text: have

text: been

text: noted

text: in

text: Bacchylidean

text: scholarship

text: since

text: at

text: least

text: Longinus

text: Some

text: scholars

text: however

text: have

text: characterized

text: these

text: qualities

text: as

text: superficial

text: charm

text: He

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: compared

text: unfavourably

text: with

text: his

text: contemporary

text: Pindar

text: as

text: kind

text: of

text: Boccherini

text: to

text: Pindar

text: 's

text: Haydn

text: yet

text: the

text: differences

text: in

text: their

text: styles

text: do

text: n't

text: allow

text: for

text: easy

text: comparison

text: with

text: translator

text: Robert

text: Fagles

text: writing

text: that

text: to

text: blame

text: Bacchylides

text: for

text: not

text: being

text: Pindar

text: is

text: as

text: childish

text: judgement

text: as

text: to

text: condemn

text: Marvel

text: for

text: missing

text: the

text: grandeur

text: of

text: Milton

text: His

text: career

text: coincided

text: with

text: the

text: ascendency

text: of

text: dramatic

text: styles

text: of

text: poetry

text: as

text: embodied

text: in

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: Aeschylus

text: or

text: Sophocles

text: and

text: he

text: is

text: in

text: fact

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: poets

text: of

text: major

text: significance

text: within

text: the

text: more

text: ancient

text: tradition

text: of

text: purely

text: lyric

text: poetry

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: features

text: of

text: his

text: lyrics

text: are

text: their

text: clarity

text: in

text: expression

text: and

text: simplicity

text: of

text: thought

text: making

text: them

text: an

text: ideal

text: introduction

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: Greek

text: lyric

text: poetry

text: in

text: general

text: and

text: to

text: Pindar

text: 's

text: verse

text: in

text: particular

text: Hesiod (or ; "Hsíodos") was a Greek poet generally thought by scholars to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer. He is generally regarded as the first written poet in the Western tradition to regard himself as an individual persona with an active role to play in his subject. Ancient authors credited Hesiod and Homer with establishing Greek religious customs. Modern scholars refer to him as a major source on Greek mythology, farming techniques, early economic thought (he is sometimes considered history's first economist), archaic Greek astronomy and ancient time-keeping.

text: Hesiod

text: or

text: Hsíodos

text: was

text: Greek

text: poet

text: generally

text: thought

text: by

text: scholars

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: active

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: around

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: as

text: Homer

text: He

text: is

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: written

text: poet

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: tradition

text: to

text: regard

text: himself

text: as

text: an

text: individual

text: persona

text: with

text: an

text: active

text: role

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: his

text: subject

text: Ancient

text: authors

text: credited

text: Hesiod

text: and

text: Homer

text: with

text: establishing

text: Greek

text: religious

text: customs

text: Modern

text: scholars

text: refer

text: to

text: him

text: as

text: major

text: source

text: on

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: farming

text: techniques

text: early

text: economic

text: thought

text: he

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: history

text: 's

text: first

text: economist

text: archaic

text: Greek

text: astronomy

text: and

text: ancient

text: time

text: keeping

text: Aetolia-Acarnania is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the geographic region of Central Greece and the administrative region of West Greece. A combination of the historical regions of Aetolia and Acarnania, it is the country's largest regional unit. Its capital is Missolonghi for historical reasons, with its biggest city and economic centre at Agrinio. The area is now connected with the Peloponnese peninsula via the Rio-Antirio Bridge. The surrounding regional units take in Arta in Epirus, a narrow length bordering Karditsa of Thessaly, Evrytania to the northeast, and Phocis to the east.

text: Aetolia

text: Acarnania

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: units

text: of

text: Greece

text: It

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: geographic

text: region

text: of

text: Central

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: West

text: Greece

text: combination

text: of

text: the

text: historical

text: regions

text: of

text: Aetolia

text: and

text: Acarnania

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: regional

text: unit

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Missolonghi

text: for

text: historical

text: reasons

text: with

text: its

text: biggest

text: city

text: and

text: economic

text: centre

text: at

text: Agrinio

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: now

text: connected

text: with

text: the

text: Peloponnese

text: peninsula

text: via

text: the

text: Rio

text: Antirio

text: Bridge

text: The

text: surrounding

text: regional

text: units

text: take

text: in

text: Arta

text: in

text: Epirus

text: narrow

text: length

text: bordering

text: Karditsa

text: of

text: Thessaly

text: Evrytania

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Phocis

text: to

text: the

text: east

text:
Greece (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe.
Greece's population is approximately 10.955 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

text: Greece

text: officially

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Republic

text: Greek

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hellas

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: Greece

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: approximately

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Thessaloniki

text: In Greek mythology, Melampus ("Melampous"), was a legendary soothsayer and healer, originally of Pylos, who ruled at Argos. He was the introducer of the worship of Dionysus, according to Herodotus, who asserted that his powers as a seer were derived from the Egyptians and that he could understand the language of animals. A number of pseudepigraphal works of divination were circulated in Classical and Hellenistic times under the name Melampus. According to Herodotus and Pausanias (vi.17.6), on the authority of Hesiod, his father was Amythaon, whose name implies the "ineffable" or "unspeakably great"; Thus Melampus and his heirs were "Amythaides" of the "House of Amythaon".

text: In

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: Melampus

text: Melampous

text: was

text: legendary

text: soothsayer

text: and

text: healer

text: originally

text: of

text: Pylos

text: who

text: ruled

text: at

text: Argos

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: introducer

text: of

text: the

text: worship

text: of

text: Dionysus

text: according

text: to

text: Herodotus

text: who

text: asserted

text: that

text: his

text: powers

text: as

text: seer

text: were

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: understand

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: animals

text: number

text: of

text: pseudepigraphal

text: works

text: of

text: divination

text: were

text: circulated

text: in

text: Classical

text: and

text: Hellenistic

text: times

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Melampus

text: According

text: to

text: Herodotus

text: and

text: Pausanias

text: on

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: Hesiod

text: his

text: father

text: was

text: Amythaon

text: whose

text: name

text: implies

text: the

text: ineffable

text: or

text: unspeakably

text: great

text: Thus

text: Melampus

text: and

text: his

text: heirs

text: were

text: Amythaides

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Amythaon

text: Dionysus ("Dionysos") is the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of ritual madness, fertility, theatre and religious ecstasy in ancient Greek religion and myth. Wine played an important role in Greek culture, and the cult of Dionysus was the main religious focus for its unrestrained consumption. He may have been worshipped as early as c. 15001100 BC by Mycenean Greeks; traces of Dionysian-type cult have also been found in ancient Minoan Crete. His origins are uncertain, and his cults took many forms; some are described by ancient sources as Thracian, others as Greek. In some cults, he arrives from the east, as an Asiatic foreigner; in others, from Ethiopia in the South. He is a god of epiphany, "the god that comes", and his "foreignness" as an arriving outsider-god may be inherent and essential to his cults. He is a major, popular figure of Greek mythology and religion, becoming increasingly important over time, and included in some lists of the twelve Olympians, as the last of their number, and the only god born from a mortal mother. His festivals were the driving force behind the development of Greek theatre.

text: Dionysus

text: Dionysos

text: is

text: the

text: god

text: of

text: the

text: grape

text: harvest

text: winemaking

text: and

text: wine

text: of

text: ritual

text: madness

text: fertility

text: theatre

text: and

text: religious

text: ecstasy

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: religion

text: and

text: myth

text: Wine

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: Greek

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: cult

text: of

text: Dionysus

text: was

text: the

text: main

text: religious

text: focus

text: for

text: its

text: unrestrained

text: consumption

text: He

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: worshipped

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: BC

text: by

text: Mycenean

text: Greeks

text: traces

text: of

text: Dionysian

text: type

text: cult

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: ancient

text: Minoan

text: Crete

text: His

text: origins

text: are

text: uncertain

text: and

text: his

text: cults

text: took

text: many

text: forms

text: some

text: are

text: described

text: by

text: ancient

text: sources

text: as

text: Thracian

text: others

text: as

text: Greek

text: In

text: some

text: cults

text: he

text: arrives

text: from

text: the

text: east

text: as

text: an

text: Asiatic

text: foreigner

text: in

text: others

text: from

text: Ethiopia

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: He

text: is

text: god

text: of

text: epiphany

text: the

text: god

text: that

text: comes

text: and

text: his

text: foreignness

text: as

text: an

text: arriving

text: outsider

text: god

text: may

text: be

text: inherent

text: and

text: essential

text: to

text: his

text: cults

text: He

text: is

text: major

text: popular

text: figure

text: of

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: and

text: religion

text: becoming

text: increasingly

text: important

text: over

text: time

text: and

text: included

text: in

text: some

text: lists

text: of

text: the

text: twelve

text: Olympians

text: as

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: their

text: number

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: god

text: born

text: from

text: mortal

text: mother

text: His

text: festivals

text: were

text: the

text: driving

text: force

text: behind

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Greek

text: theatre

text: Acarnania is a region of west-central Greece that lies along the Ionian Sea, west of Aetolia, with the Achelous River for a boundary, and north of the gulf of Calydon, which is the entrance to the Gulf of Corinth. Today it forms the western part of the regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania. The capital and principal city in ancient times was Stratos. The north side of Acarnania of the Corinthian Gulf was considered part of the region of Epirus.

text: Acarnania

text: is

text: region

text: of

text: west

text: central

text: Greece

text: that

text: lies

text: along

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: west

text: of

text: Aetolia

text: with

text: the

text: Achelous

text: River

text: for

text: boundary

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: gulf

text: of

text: Calydon

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: entrance

text: to

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Corinth

text: Today

text: it

text: forms

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: unit

text: of

text: Aetolia

text: Acarnania

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: principal

text: city

text: in

text: ancient

text: times

text: was

text: Stratos

text: The

text: north

text: side

text: of

text: Acarnania

text: of

text: the

text: Corinthian

text: Gulf

text: was

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Aetolia is a mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania.

text: Aetolia

text: is

text: mountainous

text: region

text: of

text: Greece

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Corinth

text: forming

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: regional

text: unit

text: of

text: Aetolia

text: Acarnania

text:
Argos (Modern Greek:  ; Ancient Greek:  ) is a city in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is also a former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see. It is the biggest town in Argolis and a major center for the area.
Since the 2011 local government reform it has been part of the municipality of Argos-Mykines, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 138.138 km. It is from Nafplion, which was its historic harbour. A settlement of great antiquity, Argos has been continuously inhabited as at least a substantial village for the past 7,000 years. The city is a member of the Most Ancient European Towns Network.

text: Argos

text: Modern

text: Greek

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Argolis

text: Peloponnese

text: Greece

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: continuously

text: inhabited

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: former

text: bishopric

text: and

text: present

text: Latin

text: Catholic

text: titular

text: see

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: biggest

text: town

text: in

text: Argolis

text: and

text: major

text: center

text: for

text: the

text: area

text: Since

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: reform

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: of

text: Argos

text: Mykines

text: of

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: municipal

text: unit

text: The

text: municipal

text: unit

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: km

text: It

text: is

text: from

text: Nafplion

text: which

text: was

text: its

text: historic

text: harbour

text: settlement

text: of

text: great

text: antiquity

text: Argos

text: has

text: been

text: continuously

text: inhabited

text: as

text: at

text: least

text: substantial

text: village

text: for

text: the

text: past

text: years

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Most

text: Ancient

text: European

text: Towns

text: Network

text: Megistias ( Greek :  , `` the greatest one '' ) or Themisteas ( Greek :  ) was a soothsayer from Acarnania who died in the Battle of Thermopylae . He traced his lineage to Melampus . Despite knowing that death was certain , Megistias stayed and fought . An inscription was written by Simonides of Ceos , a personal friend of Megistias , to honor him .

text: Megistias

text: Greek

text: the

text: greatest

text: one

text: or

text: Themisteas

text: Greek

text: was

text: soothsayer

text: from

text: Acarnania

text: who

text: died

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Thermopylae

text: He

text: traced

text: his

text: lineage

text: to

text: Melampus

text: Despite

text: knowing

text: that

text: death

text: was

text: certain

text: Megistias

text: stayed

text: and

text: fought

text: An

text: inscription

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Simonides

text: of

text: Ceos

text: personal

text: friend

text: of

text: Megistias

text: to

text: honor

text: him

text: Alexandria (or ; Arabic: '; '; "") is the second largest city and a major economic centre in Egypt, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country. Its low elevation on the Nile delta makes it highly vulnerable to rising sea levels. Alexandria is Egypt's largest seaport, serving approximately 80% of Egypt's imports and exports. It is an important industrial center because of its natural gas and oil pipelines from Suez. Alexandria is also an important tourist destination.

text: Alexandria

text: or

text: Arabic

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: major

text: economic

text: centre

text: in

text: Egypt

text: extending

text: about

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Its

text: low

text: elevation

text: on

text: the

text: Nile

text: delta

text: makes

text: it

text: highly

text: vulnerable

text: to

text: rising

text: sea

text: levels

text: Alexandria

text: is

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: largest

text: seaport

text: serving

text: approximately

text: of

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: imports

text: and

text: exports

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: industrial

text: center

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: natural

text: gas

text: and

text: oil

text: pipelines

text: from

text: Suez

text: Alexandria

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: important

text: tourist

text: destination

text: A mnemonic (: , : the first "m" is silent) device, or memory device is any learning technique that aids information retention in the human memory. Mnemonics make use of elaborative encoding, retrieval cues, and imagery as specific tools to encode any given information in a way that allows for efficient storage and retrieval. Mnemonics aid original information in becoming associated with something more meaningfulwhich, in turn, allows the brain to have better retention of the information. Commonly encountered mnemonics are often used for lists and in auditory form, such as short poems, acronyms, or memorable phrases, but mnemonics can also be used for other types of information and in visual or kinesthetic forms. Their use is based on the observation that the human mind more easily remembers spatial, personal, surprising, physical, sexual, humorous, or otherwise "relatable" information, rather than more abstract or impersonal forms of information.

text: mnemonic

text: the

text: first

text: is

text: silent

text: device

text: or

text: memory

text: device

text: is

text: any

text: learning

text: technique

text: that

text: aids

text: information

text: retention

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: memory

text: Mnemonics

text: make

text: use

text: of

text: elaborative

text: encoding

text: retrieval

text: cues

text: and

text: imagery

text: as

text: specific

text: tools

text: to

text: encode

text: any

text: given

text: information

text: in

text: way

text: that

text: allows

text: for

text: efficient

text: storage

text: and

text: retrieval

text: Mnemonics

text: aid

text: original

text: information

text: in

text: becoming

text: associated

text: with

text: something

text: more

text: meaningfulwhich

text: in

text: turn

text: allows

text: the

text: brain

text: to

text: have

text: better

text: retention

text: of

text: the

text: information

text: Commonly

text: encountered

text: mnemonics

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: for

text: lists

text: and

text: in

text: auditory

text: form

text: such

text: as

text: short

text: poems

text: acronyms

text: or

text: memorable

text: phrases

text: but

text: mnemonics

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: information

text: and

text: in

text: visual

text: or

text: kinesthetic

text: forms

text: Their

text: use

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: observation

text: that

text: the

text: human

text: mind

text: more

text: easily

text: remembers

text: spatial

text: personal

text: surprising

text: physical

text: sexual

text: humorous

text: or

text: otherwise

text: relatable

text: information

text: rather

text: than

text: more

text: abstract

text: or

text: impersonal

text: forms

text: of

text: information

text: The Ionian Sea (, , ) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy including Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania to the north, and the west coast of Greece.

text: The

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: is

text: an

text: elongated

text: embayment

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: southern

text: Italy

text: including

text: Calabria

text: Sicily

text: and

text: the

text: Salento

text: peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: southern

text: Albania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: west

text: coast

text: of

text: Greece

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: follows single

question: part_of megistias

answer: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology

text: greek mythology