text: A Zeppelin was a type of rigid airship named after the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin who pioneered rigid airship development at the beginning of the 20th century. Zeppelin's notions were first formulated in 1874 and developed in detail in 1893. They were patented in Germany in 1895 and in the United States in 1899. After the outstanding success of the Zeppelin design, the word "zeppelin" came to be commonly used to refer to all rigid airships. Zeppelins were first flown commercially in 1910 by Deutsche Luftschiffahrts-AG (DELAG), the world's first airline in revenue service. By mid-1914, DELAG had carried over 10,000 fare-paying passengers on over 1,500 flights. During World War I the German military made extensive use of Zeppelins as bombers and scouts, killing over 500 people in bombing raids in Britain.

text: Zeppelin

text: was

text: type

text: of

text: rigid

text: airship

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: German

text: Count

text: Ferdinand

text: von

text: Zeppelin

text: who

text: pioneered

text: rigid

text: airship

text: development

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Zeppelin

text: 's

text: notions

text: were

text: first

text: formulated

text: in

text: and

text: developed

text: in

text: detail

text: in

text: They

text: were

text: patented

text: in

text: Germany

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: outstanding

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Zeppelin

text: design

text: the

text: word

text: zeppelin

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: all

text: rigid

text: airships

text: Zeppelins

text: were

text: first

text: flown

text: commercially

text: in

text: by

text: Deutsche

text: Luftschiffahrts

text: AG

text: DELAG

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: airline

text: in

text: revenue

text: service

text: By

text: DELAG

text: had

text: carried

text: over

text: fare

text: paying

text: passengers

text: on

text: over

text: flights

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: German

text: military

text: made

text: extensive

text: use

text: of

text: Zeppelins

text: as

text: bombers

text: and

text: scouts

text: killing

text: over

text: people

text: in

text: bombing

text: raids

text: in

text: Britain

text: Daniel Roland Lanois (; born September 19, 1951) is a Canadian record producer, guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter.

text: Daniel

text: Roland

text: Lanois

text: born

text: September

text: is

text: Canadian

text: record

text: producer

text: guitarist

text: vocalist

text: and

text: songwriter

text: Post-punk (originally "new musick") is a broad type of rock music that emerged from the punk movement of the 1970s, in which artists departed from punk rock's raw, accessible style to pursue a variety of avant-garde sensibilities. Attempting to break from rock tradition, post-punk artists experimented with sources such as electronic music, black dance music and the avant-garde, as well as novel recording technology and production techniques. The movement also saw the frequent intersection of music with art and politics, as artists incorporated ideas from sources such as modernist literature, critical theory, cinema, and performance art. Accompanying these musical developments were communities that produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines in conjunction with the music.

text: Post

text: punk

text: originally

text: new

text: musick

text: is

text: broad

text: type

text: of

text: rock

text: music

text: that

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: punk

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: in

text: which

text: artists

text: departed

text: from

text: punk

text: rock

text: 's

text: raw

text: accessible

text: style

text: to

text: pursue

text: variety

text: of

text: avant

text: garde

text: sensibilities

text: Attempting

text: to

text: break

text: from

text: rock

text: tradition

text: post

text: punk

text: artists

text: experimented

text: with

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: electronic

text: music

text: black

text: dance

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: avant

text: garde

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: novel

text: recording

text: technology

text: and

text: production

text: techniques

text: The

text: movement

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: frequent

text: intersection

text: of

text: music

text: with

text: art

text: and

text: politics

text: as

text: artists

text: incorporated

text: ideas

text: from

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: modernist

text: literature

text: critical

text: theory

text: cinema

text: and

text: performance

text: art

text: Accompanying

text: these

text: musical

text: developments

text: were

text: communities

text: that

text: produced

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

text: visual

text: art

text: multimedia

text: performances

text: and

text: fanzines

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: music

text: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb is the eleventh studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was released on 22 November 2004 on Island Records and Interscope Records. Much like their previous album, "All That You Can't Leave Behind", "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" exhibits a more mainstream rock sound after the band experimented with alternative rock and dance music in the 1990s. The album was produced by Steve Lillywhite, with additional production from Chris Thomas, Jacknife Lee, Nellee Hooper, Flood, Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno, and Carl Glanville.

text: How

text: to

text: Dismantle

text: an

text: Atomic

text: Bomb

text: is

text: the

text: eleventh

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: Irish

text: rock

text: band

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: November

text: on

text: Island

text: Records

text: and

text: Interscope

text: Records

text: Much

text: like

text: their

text: previous

text: album

text: All

text: That

text: You

text: Ca

text: n't

text: Leave

text: Behind

text: How

text: to

text: Dismantle

text: an

text: Atomic

text: Bomb

text: exhibits

text: more

text: mainstream

text: rock

text: sound

text: after

text: the

text: band

text: experimented

text: with

text: alternative

text: rock

text: and

text: dance

text: music

text: in

text: the

text: The

text: album

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Steve

text: Lillywhite

text: with

text: additional

text: production

text: from

text: Chris

text: Thomas

text: Jacknife

text: Lee

text: Nellee

text: Hooper

text: Flood

text: Daniel

text: Lanois

text: Brian

text: Eno

text: and

text: Carl

text: Glanville

text: David Howell Evans (born 8 August 1961), better known by his stage name The Edge (or just Edge), is an English-born Irish musician and songwriter best known as the lead guitarist, keyboardist and backing vocalist of the rock band U2. A member of the group since its inception, he has recorded 13 studio albums with the band as well as one solo record. As a guitarist, the Edge has crafted a minimalistic and textural style of playing. His use of a rhythmic delay effect yields a distinctive ambient, chiming sound that has become a signature of U2's music.

text: David

text: Howell

text: Evans

text: born

text: August

text: better

text: known

text: by

text: his

text: stage

text: name

text: The

text: Edge

text: or

text: just

text: Edge

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: born

text: Irish

text: musician

text: and

text: songwriter

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: lead

text: guitarist

text: keyboardist

text: and

text: backing

text: vocalist

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: he

text: has

text: recorded

text: studio

text: albums

text: with

text: the

text: band

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: one

text: solo

text: record

text: As

text: guitarist

text: the

text: Edge

text: has

text: crafted

text: minimalistic

text: and

text: textural

text: style

text: of

text: playing

text: His

text: use

text: of

text: rhythmic

text: delay

text: effect

text: yields

text: distinctive

text: ambient

text: chiming

text: sound

text: that

text: has

text: become

text: signature

text: of

text: 's

text: music

text: Adam Charles Clayton (born 13 March 1960) is an Irish musician best known as the bass guitarist of the rock band U2. He has resided in County Dublin since the time his family moved to Malahide when he was five years old in 1965. Clayton is well known for his bass playing on songs such as "Gloria", "New Year's Day", "Bullet the Blue Sky", "With or Without You", "Mysterious Ways", "Get on Your Boots", and "Magnificent". He has worked on several solo projects throughout his career, such as his work with fellow band member Larry Mullen, Jr. on the 1996 version of the "". Clayton, as a part of U2, has won 22 Grammy Awards.

text: Adam

text: Charles

text: Clayton

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: musician

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: bass

text: guitarist

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: He

text: has

text: resided

text: in

text: County

text: Dublin

text: since

text: the

text: time

text: his

text: family

text: moved

text: to

text: Malahide

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: five

text: years

text: old

text: in

text: Clayton

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: bass

text: playing

text: on

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Gloria

text: New

text: Year

text: 's

text: Day

text: Bullet

text: the

text: Blue

text: Sky

text: With

text: or

text: Without

text: You

text: Mysterious

text: Ways

text: Get

text: on

text: Your

text: Boots

text: and

text: Magnificent

text: He

text: has

text: worked

text: on

text: several

text: solo

text: projects

text: throughout

text: his

text: career

text: such

text: as

text: his

text: work

text: with

text: fellow

text: band

text: member

text: Larry

text: Mullen

text: Jr.

text: on

text: the

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Clayton

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: has

text: won

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: `` Breathe '' is a song by Irish rock band U2 and the tenth track on their 2009 album No Line on the Horizon . The lyrics detail an outburst from the song 's narrator . The song was developed primarily by guitarist the Edge , with musical influences from Jimmy Page and Jack White . The track was mixed numerous times before the band decided to rewrite it .

text: Breathe

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: Irish

text: rock

text: band

text: and

text: the

text: tenth

text: track

text: on

text: their

text: album

text: No

text: Line

text: on

text: the

text: Horizon

text: The

text: lyrics

text: detail

text: an

text: outburst

text: from

text: the

text: song

text: 's

text: narrator

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: developed

text: primarily

text: by

text: guitarist

text: the

text: Edge

text: with

text: musical

text: influences

text: from

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: and

text: Jack

text: White

text: The

text: track

text: was

text: mixed

text: numerous

text: times

text: before

text: the

text: band

text: decided

text: to

text: rewrite

text: it

text: Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968. The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant, bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound, rooted in blues and psychedelia on their early albums, has earned them recognition as one of the progenitors of heavy metal, though their unique style drew from a wide variety of influences, including folk music.

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: The

text: group

text: consisted

text: of

text: guitarist

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: singer

text: Robert

text: Plant

text: bassist

text: and

text: keyboardist

text: John

text: Paul

text: Jones

text: and

text: drummer

text: John

text: Bonham

text: The

text: band

text: 's

text: heavy

text: guitar

text: driven

text: sound

text: rooted

text: in

text: blues

text: and

text: psychedelia

text: on

text: their

text: early

text: albums

text: has

text: earned

text: them

text: recognition

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: progenitors

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: though

text: their

text: unique

text: style

text: drew

text: from

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: influences

text: including

text: folk

text: music

text: Laurence Joseph "Larry" Mullen Jr. (born 31 October 1961) is an Irish musician and actor, best known as the drummer of the Irish rock band U2. A member of the band since its inception, he has recorded 13 studio albums with U2. Mullen was born and raised in Dublin, and attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School, where, in 1976, he co-founded U2 after posting a message on the school's notice board. His drumming style developed from his playing martial beats in a childhood marching band, the Artane Boys Band. Some of his most famous contributions to the U2 catalogue include "Sunday Bloody Sunday", "Pride (In the Name of Love)", "Where the Streets Have No Name", "Zoo Station," "Mysterious Ways", and "City of Blinding Lights".

text: Laurence

text: Joseph

text: Larry

text: Mullen

text: Jr.

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: musician

text: and

text: actor

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: drummer

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: rock

text: band

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: band

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: he

text: has

text: recorded

text: studio

text: albums

text: with

text: Mullen

text: was

text: born

text: and

text: raised

text: in

text: Dublin

text: and

text: attended

text: Mount

text: Temple

text: Comprehensive

text: School

text: where

text: in

text: he

text: co

text: founded

text: after

text: posting

text: message

text: on

text: the

text: school

text: 's

text: notice

text: board

text: His

text: drumming

text: style

text: developed

text: from

text: his

text: playing

text: martial

text: beats

text: in

text: childhood

text: marching

text: band

text: the

text: Artane

text: Boys

text: Band

text: Some

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: famous

text: contributions

text: to

text: the

text: catalogue

text: include

text: Sunday

text: Bloody

text: Sunday

text: Pride

text: In

text: the

text: Name

text: of

text: Love

text: Where

text: the

text: Streets

text: Have

text: No

text: Name

text: Zoo

text: Station

text: Mysterious

text: Ways

text: and

text: City

text: of

text: Blinding

text: Lights

text: Stephen Alan Lillywhite, CBE (born 15 March 1955) is an English record producer. Since he began his career in 1977, Lillywhite has been credited on over 500 records and has collaborated with a variety of musicians including U2, The Rolling Stones, Dave Matthews Band, Bruce Foxton (of The Jam), Big Country, Peter Gabriel, Talking Heads, Morrissey, Thirty Seconds to Mars, The Killers, The Pogues, David Byrne, XTC, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Simple Minds, The Psychedelic Furs, Beady Eye, Phish, Counting Crows and Joan Armatrading. He has won six Grammy Awards, including the Producer of The Year in 2006, and was made a Commander of the Order of The British Empire (CBE) in 2012 for his contributions to music.

text: Stephen

text: Alan

text: Lillywhite

text: CBE

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: record

text: producer

text: Since

text: he

text: began

text: his

text: career

text: in

text: Lillywhite

text: has

text: been

text: credited

text: on

text: over

text: records

text: and

text: has

text: collaborated

text: with

text: variety

text: of

text: musicians

text: including

text: The

text: Rolling

text: Stones

text: Dave

text: Matthews

text: Band

text: Bruce

text: Foxton

text: of

text: The

text: Jam

text: Big

text: Country

text: Peter

text: Gabriel

text: Talking

text: Heads

text: Morrissey

text: Thirty

text: Seconds

text: to

text: Mars

text: The

text: Killers

text: The

text: Pogues

text: David

text: Byrne

text: XTC

text: Siouxsie

text: and

text: the

text: Banshees

text: Simple

text: Minds

text: The

text: Psychedelic

text: Furs

text: Beady

text: Eye

text: Phish

text: Counting

text: Crows

text: and

text: Joan

text: Armatrading

text: He

text: has

text: won

text: six

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: including

text: the

text: Producer

text: of

text: The

text: Year

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: made

text: Commander

text: of

text: the

text: Order

text: of

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: CBE

text: in

text: for

text: his

text: contributions

text: to

text: music

text: U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono (lead vocals and guitar), the Edge (guitar, keyboards, and backing vocals), Adam Clayton (bass guitar), and Larry Mullen Jr. (drums and percussion). Initially rooted in post-punk, U2's sound grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music, yet has maintained an anthemic sound. Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal themes and sociopolitical concerns.

text: are

text: an

text: Irish

text: rock

text: band

text: from

text: Dublin

text: formed

text: in

text: The

text: group

text: consists

text: of

text: Bono

text: lead

text: vocals

text: and

text: guitar

text: the

text: Edge

text: guitar

text: keyboards

text: and

text: backing

text: vocals

text: Adam

text: Clayton

text: bass

text: guitar

text: and

text: Larry

text: Mullen

text: Jr.

text: drums

text: and

text: percussion

text: Initially

text: rooted

text: in

text: post

text: punk

text: 's

text: sound

text: grew

text: to

text: incorporate

text: influences

text: from

text: many

text: genres

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: yet

text: has

text: maintained

text: an

text: anthemic

text: sound

text: Their

text: lyrics

text: often

text: embellished

text: with

text: spiritual

text: imagery

text: focus

text: on

text: personal

text: themes

text: and

text: sociopolitical

text: concerns

text: No Line on the Horizon is the twelfth studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Brian Eno, Daniel Lanois, and Steve Lillywhite, and was released on 27 February 2009. It was the band's first record since "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" (2004), marking the longest gap between studio albums of their career to that point. The band originally intended to release the songs as two EPs, but later combined the material into a single record. Photographer Anton Corbijn shot a companion film, "Linear", which was released alongside the album and included with several special editions.

text: No

text: Line

text: on

text: the

text: Horizon

text: is

text: the

text: twelfth

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: Irish

text: rock

text: band

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Brian

text: Eno

text: Daniel

text: Lanois

text: and

text: Steve

text: Lillywhite

text: and

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: February

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: first

text: record

text: since

text: How

text: to

text: Dismantle

text: an

text: Atomic

text: Bomb

text: marking

text: the

text: longest

text: gap

text: between

text: studio

text: albums

text: of

text: their

text: career

text: to

text: that

text: point

text: The

text: band

text: originally

text: intended

text: to

text: release

text: the

text: songs

text: as

text: two

text: EPs

text: but

text: later

text: combined

text: the

text: material

text: into

text: single

text: record

text: Photographer

text: Anton

text: Corbijn

text: shot

text: companion

text: film

text: Linear

text: which

text: was

text: released

text: alongside

text: the

text: album

text: and

text: included

text: with

text: several

text: special

text: editions

text: Brian Peter George St John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno, RDI (born 15 May 1948 and originally christened Brian Peter George Eno) is an English musician, composer, record producer, singer, writer, and visual artist. He is best known for his pioneering work in ambient and electronic music as well as his contributions to rock, worldbeat, chance, and generative music styles. A self-described "non-musician", Eno has advocated a methodology of "theory over practice" throughout his career, and has helped to introduce a variety of unique recording techniques and conceptual approaches into contemporary music. He has been described as one of popular music's most influential and innovative figures.

text: Brian

text: Peter

text: George

text: St

text: John

text: le

text: Baptiste

text: de

text: la

text: Salle

text: Eno

text: RDI

text: born

text: May

text: and

text: originally

text: christened

text: Brian

text: Peter

text: George

text: Eno

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: composer

text: record

text: producer

text: singer

text: writer

text: and

text: visual

text: artist

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: pioneering

text: work

text: in

text: ambient

text: and

text: electronic

text: music

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: his

text: contributions

text: to

text: rock

text: worldbeat

text: chance

text: and

text: generative

text: music

text: styles

text: self

text: described

text: non

text: musician

text: Eno

text: has

text: advocated

text: methodology

text: of

text: theory

text: over

text: practice

text: throughout

text: his

text: career

text: and

text: has

text: helped

text: to

text: introduce

text: variety

text: of

text: unique

text: recording

text: techniques

text: and

text: conceptual

text: approaches

text: into

text: contemporary

text: music

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: 's

text: most

text: influential

text: and

text: innovative

text: figures

text: James Patrick "Jimmy" Page, (born 9 January 1944) is an English musician, songwriter, and record producer who achieved international success as the guitarist and founder of the rock band Led Zeppelin.

text: James

text: Patrick

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: musician

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: who

text: achieved

text: international

text: success

text: as

text: the

text: guitarist

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely multiple

question: record_label breathe

answer: island records

text: island records


text: Soul jazz is a development of jazz incorporating strong influences from blues, soul, gospel and rhythm and blues in music for small groups, often an organ trio featuring a Hammond organ.

text: Soul

text: jazz

text: is

text: development

text: of

text: jazz

text: incorporating

text: strong

text: influences

text: from

text: blues

text: soul

text: gospel

text: and

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: in

text: music

text: for

text: small

text: groups

text: often

text: an

text: organ

text: trio

text: featuring

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: Blues rock is a fusion genre combining elements of blues and rock. It is mostly an electric ensemble-style music with instrumentation similar to electric blues and rock. From its beginnings in the early- to mid-1960s, blues rock has gone through several stylistic shifts and along the way inspired hard rock, Southern rock, and heavy metal. Blues rock continues to be an influence, with performances and recordings by several popular artists.

text: Blues

text: rock

text: is

text: fusion

text: genre

text: combining

text: elements

text: of

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: It

text: is

text: mostly

text: an

text: electric

text: ensemble

text: style

text: music

text: with

text: instrumentation

text: similar

text: to

text: electric

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: From

text: its

text: beginnings

text: in

text: the

text: early-

text: to

text: blues

text: rock

text: has

text: gone

text: through

text: several

text: stylistic

text: shifts

text: and

text: along

text: the

text: way

text: inspired

text: hard

text: rock

text: Southern

text: rock

text: and

text: heavy

text: metal

text: Blues

text: rock

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: influence

text: with

text: performances

text: and

text: recordings

text: by

text: several

text: popular

text: artists

text:
A power trio is a rock and roll band format having a lineup of guitar, bass and drums, leaving out the second guitar or keyboard that are used in other rock music quartets and quintets to fill out the sound with chords. While one or more band members typically sing, power trios emphasize instrumental performance and overall impact over vocals and lyrics.
History.
The rise of the power trio in the 1960s was made possible in part by developments in amplifier technology that greatly enhanced the volume of the electric guitar and bass. Particularly, the popularization of the electric bass guitar defined the bottom end and filled in the gaps. Since the amplified bass could also now be louder, the rest of the band could also play at higher volumes, without fear of being unable to hear the bass. This allowed a three-person band to have the same sonic impact as a large band but left far more room for improvisation and creativity, unencumbered by the need for detailed arrangements. As with the organ trio, a 1960s-era soul jazz group centered on the amplified Hammond organ, a three-piece group could fill a large bar or club with a big sound for a much lower price than a large rock and roll band. A power trio, at least in its blues rock incarnation, is also generally held to have developed out of Chicago-style blues bands such as Muddy Waters' trio.

text: power

text: trio

text: is

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: band

text: format

text: having

text: lineup

text: of

text: guitar

text: bass

text: and

text: drums

text: leaving

text: out

text: the

text: second

text: guitar

text: or

text: keyboard

text: that

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: other

text: rock

text: music

text: quartets

text: and

text: quintets

text: to

text: fill

text: out

text: the

text: sound

text: with

text: chords

text: While

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: band

text: members

text: typically

text: sing

text: power

text: trios

text: emphasize

text: instrumental

text: performance

text: and

text: overall

text: impact

text: over

text: vocals

text: and

text: lyrics

text: History

text: The

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: power

text: trio

text: in

text: the

text: was

text: made

text: possible

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: developments

text: in

text: amplifier

text: technology

text: that

text: greatly

text: enhanced

text: the

text: volume

text: of

text: the

text: electric

text: guitar

text: and

text: bass

text: Particularly

text: the

text: popularization

text: of

text: the

text: electric

text: bass

text: guitar

text: defined

text: the

text: bottom

text: end

text: and

text: filled

text: in

text: the

text: gaps

text: Since

text: the

text: amplified

text: bass

text: could

text: also

text: now

text: be

text: louder

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: band

text: could

text: also

text: play

text: at

text: higher

text: volumes

text: without

text: fear

text: of

text: being

text: unable

text: to

text: hear

text: the

text: bass

text: This

text: allowed

text: three

text: person

text: band

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: sonic

text: impact

text: as

text: large

text: band

text: but

text: left

text: far

text: more

text: room

text: for

text: improvisation

text: and

text: creativity

text: unencumbered

text: by

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: detailed

text: arrangements

text: As

text: with

text: the

text: organ

text: trio

text: era

text: soul

text: jazz

text: group

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: amplified

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: three

text: piece

text: group

text: could

text: fill

text: large

text: bar

text: or

text: club

text: with

text: big

text: sound

text: for

text: much

text: lower

text: price

text: than

text: large

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: band

text: power

text: trio

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: its

text: blues

text: rock

text: incarnation

text: is

text: also

text: generally

text: held

text: to

text: have

text: developed

text: out

text: of

text: Chicago

text: style

text: blues

text: bands

text: such

text: as

text: Muddy

text: Waters

text: trio

text: McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1913  April 30, 1983), better known as Muddy Waters, was an American blues musician who is often cited as the "father of modern Chicago blues".

text: McKinley

text: Morganfield

text: April

text: April

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: Muddy

text: Waters

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: blues

text: musician

text: who

text: is

text: often

text: cited

text: as

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: modern

text: Chicago

text: blues

text: The Hammond organ is an electric organ, invented by Laurens Hammond and John M. Hanert and first manufactured in 1935. Various models have been produced, most of which use sliding drawbars to create a variety of sounds. Until 1975, Hammond organs generated sound by creating an electric current from rotating a metal tonewheel near an electromagnetic pickup, and then strengthening the signal with an amplifier so that it can drive a speaker cabinet. Around two million Hammond organs have been manufactured. The organ is commonly used with, and associated with, the Leslie speaker.

text: The

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: is

text: an

text: electric

text: organ

text: invented

text: by

text: Laurens

text: Hammond

text: and

text: John

text: Hanert

text: and

text: first

text: manufactured

text: in

text: Various

text: models

text: have

text: been

text: produced

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: sliding

text: drawbars

text: to

text: create

text: variety

text: of

text: sounds

text: Until

text: Hammond

text: organs

text: generated

text: sound

text: by

text: creating

text: an

text: electric

text: current

text: from

text: rotating

text: metal

text: tonewheel

text: near

text: an

text: electromagnetic

text: pickup

text: and

text: then

text: strengthening

text: the

text: signal

text: with

text: an

text: amplifier

text: so

text: that

text: it

text: can

text: drive

text: speaker

text: cabinet

text: Around

text: two

text: million

text: Hammond

text: organs

text: have

text: been

text: manufactured

text: The

text: organ

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: with

text: and

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Leslie

text: speaker

text: Blues is a genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century. The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs and European-American folk music. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common. Blue notes (or "worried notes"), usually thirds or fifths flattened in pitch, are also an essential part of the sound. Blues shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance-like rhythm and form a repetitive effect known as the groove.

text: Blues

text: is

text: genre

text: and

text: musical

text: form

text: originated

text: by

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: Deep

text: South

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: around

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: genre

text: developed

text: from

text: roots

text: in

text: African

text: musical

text: traditions

text: African

text: American

text: work

text: songs

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: Blues

text: incorporated

text: spirituals

text: work

text: songs

text: field

text: hollers

text: shouts

text: chants

text: and

text: rhymed

text: simple

text: narrative

text: ballads

text: The

text: blues

text: form

text: ubiquitous

text: in

text: jazz

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: the

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: pattern

text: the

text: blues

text: scale

text: and

text: specific

text: chord

text: progressions

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: twelve

text: bar

text: blues

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: Blue

text: notes

text: or

text: worried

text: notes

text: usually

text: thirds

text: or

text: fifths

text: flattened

text: in

text: pitch

text: are

text: also

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: sound

text: Blues

text: shuffles

text: or

text: walking

text: bass

text: reinforce

text: the

text: trance

text: like

text: rhythm

text: and

text: form

text: repetitive

text: effect

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: groove

text: An organ trio, in a jazz context, is a group of three jazz musicians, typically consisting of a Hammond organ player, a drummer, and either a jazz guitarist or a saxophone player. In some cases the saxophonist will join a trio which consists of an organist, guitarist, and drummer, making it a quartet. Organ trios were a popular type of jazz ensemble for club and bar settings in the 1950s and 1960s, performing a blues-based style of jazz that incorporated elements of R&B. The organ trio format was characterized by long improvised solos and an exploration of different musical "moods".

text: An

text: organ

text: trio

text: in

text: jazz

text: context

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: three

text: jazz

text: musicians

text: typically

text: consisting

text: of

text: Hammond

text: organ

text: player

text: drummer

text: and

text: either

text: jazz

text: guitarist

text: or

text: saxophone

text: player

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: the

text: saxophonist

text: will

text: join

text: trio

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: an

text: organist

text: guitarist

text: and

text: drummer

text: making

text: it

text: quartet

text: Organ

text: trios

text: were

text: popular

text: type

text: of

text: jazz

text: ensemble

text: for

text: club

text: and

text: bar

text: settings

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: performing

text: blues

text: based

text: style

text: of

text: jazz

text: that

text: incorporated

text: elements

text: of

text: R&B.

text: The

text: organ

text: trio

text: format

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: long

text: improvised

text: solos

text: and

text: an

text: exploration

text: of

text: different

text: musical

text: moods

text: The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings, usually having six. The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar). It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb and/or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand. The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.

text: The

text: guitar

text: is

text: musical

text: instrument

text: classified

text: as

text: string

text: instrument

text: with

text: anywhere

text: from

text: four

text: to

text: strings

text: usually

text: having

text: six

text: The

text: sound

text: is

text: projected

text: either

text: acoustically

text: using

text: hollow

text: wooden

text: or

text: plastic

text: and

text: wood

text: box

text: for

text: an

text: acoustic

text: guitar

text: or

text: through

text: electrical

text: amplifier

text: and

text: speaker

text: for

text: an

text: electric

text: guitar

text: It

text: is

text: typically

text: played

text: by

text: strumming

text: or

text: plucking

text: the

text: strings

text: with

text: the

text: fingers

text: thumb

text: and/or

text: fingernails

text: of

text: the

text: right

text: hand

text: or

text: with

text: pick

text: while

text: fretting

text: or

text: pressing

text: against

text: the

text: frets

text: the

text: strings

text: with

text: the

text: fingers

text: of

text: the

text: left

text: hand

text: The

text: guitar

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: chordophone

text: traditionally

text: constructed

text: from

text: wood

text: and

text: strung

text: with

text: either

text: gut

text: nylon

text: or

text: steel

text: strings

text: and

text: distinguished

text: from

text: other

text: chordophones

text: by

text: its

text: construction

text: and

text: tuning

text: The

text: modern

text: guitar

text: was

text: preceded

text: by

text: the

text: gittern

text: the

text: vihuela

text: the

text: four

text: course

text: Renaissance

text: guitar

text: and

text: the

text: five

text: course

text: baroque

text: guitar

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: six

text: string

text: instrument

text: Blueprint is the third album by Irish guitarist Rory Gallagher , released as a vinyl record in 1973 . With his first band Taste and with his solo band up to this point Gallagher was one of the first guitarists to lead a power trio lineup . With Blueprint Gallagher included a keyboardist for the first time .

text: Blueprint

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: album

text: by

text: Irish

text: guitarist

text: Rory

text: Gallagher

text: released

text: as

text: vinyl

text: record

text: in

text: With

text: his

text: first

text: band

text: Taste

text: and

text: with

text: his

text: solo

text: band

text: up

text: to

text: this

text: point

text: Gallagher

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: guitarists

text: to

text: lead

text: power

text: trio

text: lineup

text: With

text: Blueprint

text: Gallagher

text: included

text: keyboardist

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: William Rory Gallagher (; 2 March 1948  14 June 1995) was an Irish blues and rock multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, and bandleader. Born in Ballyshannon, County Donegal, and brought up in Cork, Gallagher recorded solo albums throughout the 1970s and 1980s, after forming the band Taste during the late 1960s. He was a talented guitarist known for his charismatic performances and dedication to his craft. Gallagher's albums have sold in excess of 30 million copies worldwide. Gallagher received a liver transplant in 1995, but died of complications later that year in London, UK at the age of 47.

text: William

text: Rory

text: Gallagher

text: March

text: June

text: was

text: an

text: Irish

text: blues

text: and

text: rock

text: multi

text: instrumentalist

text: songwriter

text: and

text: bandleader

text: Born

text: in

text: Ballyshannon

text: County

text: Donegal

text: and

text: brought

text: up

text: in

text: Cork

text: Gallagher

text: recorded

text: solo

text: albums

text: throughout

text: the

text: and

text: after

text: forming

text: the

text: band

text: Taste

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: He

text: was

text: talented

text: guitarist

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: charismatic

text: performances

text: and

text: dedication

text: to

text: his

text: craft

text: Gallagher

text: 's

text: albums

text: have

text: sold

text: in

text: excess

text: of

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: Gallagher

text: received

text: liver

text: transplant

text: in

text: but

text: died

text: of

text: complications

text: later

text: that

text: year

text: in

text: London

text: UK

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll) is a genre of popular music that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s, from African-American musical styles such as gospel, jazz, boogie woogie, and rhythm and blues, with country. While elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1920s and in country records of the 1930s, the genre did not acquire its name until the 1950s.

text: Rock

text: and

text: roll

text: often

text: written

text: as

text: rock

text: roll

text: or

text: rock

text: roll

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: and

text: evolved

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: from

text: African

text: American

text: musical

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: gospel

text: jazz

text: boogie

text: woogie

text: and

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: with

text: country

text: While

text: elements

text: of

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: can

text: be

text: heard

text: in

text: blues

text: records

text: from

text: the

text: and

text: in

text: country

text: records

text: of

text: the

text: the

text: genre

text: did

text: not

text: acquire

text: its

text: name

text: until

text: the

question: genre blueprint

answer: blues rock

text: blues rock

text: blues rock

text: blues rock

text: blues rock


text: An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge. Ions can be created, by either chemical or physical means, via ionization.

text: An

text: ion

text: is

text: an

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: electrons

text: is

text: not

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: protons

text: giving

text: the

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: net

text: positive

text: or

text: negative

text: electrical

text: charge

text: Ions

text: can

text: be

text: created

text: by

text: either

text: chemical

text: or

text: physical

text: means

text: via

text: ionization

text: A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge. However, in quantum physics, organic chemistry, and biochemistry, the term "molecule" is often used less strictly, also being applied to polyatomic ions.

text: molecule

text: is

text: an

text: electrically

text: neutral

text: group

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: atoms

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: chemical

text: bonds

text: Molecules

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: ions

text: by

text: their

text: lack

text: of

text: electrical

text: charge

text: However

text: in

text: quantum

text: physics

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: and

text: biochemistry

text: the

text: term

text: molecule

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: less

text: strictly

text: also

text: being

text: applied

text: to

text: polyatomic

text: ions

text: An organic compound is virtually any chemical compound that contains carbon, although a consensus definition remains elusive and likely arbitrary. Organic compounds are rare terrestrially, but of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. The most basic petrochemicals are considered the building blocks of organic chemistry.

text: An

text: organic

text: compound

text: is

text: virtually

text: any

text: chemical

text: compound

text: that

text: contains

text: carbon

text: although

text: consensus

text: definition

text: remains

text: elusive

text: and

text: likely

text: arbitrary

text: Organic

text: compounds

text: are

text: rare

text: terrestrially

text: but

text: of

text: central

text: importance

text: because

text: all

text: known

text: life

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: organic

text: compounds

text: The

text: most

text: basic

text: petrochemicals

text: are

text: considered

text: the

text: building

text: blocks

text: of

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: Phenanthroline ( phen ) is a heterocyclic organic compound . It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents . It is used as a ligand in coordination chemistry , it forms strong complexes with most metal ions . In terms of its coordination properties , phen is similar to 2,2 ' - bipyridine ( bipy ) .

text: Phenanthroline

text: phen

text: is

text: heterocyclic

text: organic

text: compound

text: It

text: is

text: white

text: solid

text: that

text: is

text: soluble

text: in

text: organic

text: solvents

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: ligand

text: in

text: coordination

text: chemistry

text: it

text: forms

text: strong

text: complexes

text: with

text: most

text: metal

text: ions

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: its

text: coordination

text: properties

text: phen

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: bipyridine

text: bipy

text: In chemistry, a coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the "coordination centre", and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as "ligands" or complexing agents. Many metal-containing compounds, especially those of transition metals, are coordination complexes. A coordination complex whose centre is a metal atom is called a metal complex.

text: In

text: chemistry

text: coordination

text: complex

text: consists

text: of

text: central

text: atom

text: or

text: ion

text: which

text: is

text: usually

text: metallic

text: and

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: coordination

text: centre

text: and

text: surrounding

text: array

text: of

text: bound

text: molecules

text: or

text: ions

text: that

text: are

text: in

text: turn

text: known

text: as

text: ligands

text: or

text: complexing

text: agents

text: Many

text: metal

text: containing

text: compounds

text: especially

text: those

text: of

text: transition

text: metals

text: are

text: coordination

text: complexes

text: coordination

text: complex

text: whose

text: centre

text: is

text: metal

text: atom

text: is

text: called

text: metal

text: complex

text: In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups (moieties) of atoms or bonds within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction(s) regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of. However, its relative reactivity can be modified by other functional groups nearby. The atoms of functional groups are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds. Any subgroup of atoms of a compound also may be called a radical, and if a covalent bond is broken homolytically, the resulting fragment radicals are referred as free radicals. Functional groups can also be charged, e.g. in carboxylate salts (-COO), which turns the molecule into a polyatomic ion or a complex ion.

text: In

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: functional

text: groups

text: are

text: specific

text: groups

text: moieties

text: of

text: atoms

text: or

text: bonds

text: within

text: molecules

text: that

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: characteristic

text: chemical

text: reactions

text: of

text: those

text: molecules

text: The

text: same

text: functional

text: group

text: will

text: undergo

text: the

text: same

text: or

text: similar

text: chemical

text: reaction(s

text: regardless

text: of

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: molecule

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: However

text: its

text: relative

text: reactivity

text: can

text: be

text: modified

text: by

text: other

text: functional

text: groups

text: nearby

text: The

text: atoms

text: of

text: functional

text: groups

text: are

text: linked

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: molecule

text: by

text: covalent

text: bonds

text: Any

text: subgroup

text: of

text: atoms

text: of

text: compound

text: also

text: may

text: be

text: called

text: radical

text: and

text: if

text: covalent

text: bond

text: is

text: broken

text: homolytically

text: the

text: resulting

text: fragment

text: radicals

text: are

text: referred

text: as

text: free

text: radicals

text: Functional

text: groups

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: charged

text: e.g.

text: in

text: carboxylate

text: salts

text: -COO

text: which

text: turns

text: the

text: molecule

text: into

text: polyatomic

text: ion

text: or

text: complex

text: ion

text: A metal (from Greek  "métallon", "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity. Metals are generally malleable  that is, they can be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking  as well as fusible (able to be fused or melted) and ductile (able to be drawn out into a thin wire). About 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table are metals, the others are nonmetals or metalloids. Some elements appear in both metallic and non-metallic forms.

text: metal

text: from

text: Greek

text: métallon

text: mine

text: quarry

text: metal

text: is

text: material

text: an

text: element

text: compound

text: or

text: alloy

text: that

text: is

text: typically

text: hard

text: opaque

text: shiny

text: and

text: has

text: good

text: electrical

text: and

text: thermal

text: conductivity

text: Metals

text: are

text: generally

text: malleable

text: that

text: is

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: hammered

text: or

text: pressed

text: permanently

text: out

text: of

text: shape

text: without

text: breaking

text: or

text: cracking

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: fusible

text: able

text: to

text: be

text: fused

text: or

text: melted

text: and

text: ductile

text: able

text: to

text: be

text: drawn

text: out

text: into

text: thin

text: wire

text: About

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: in

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: are

text: metals

text: the

text: others

text: are

text: nonmetals

text: or

text: metalloids

text: Some

text: elements

text: appear

text: in

text: both

text: metallic

text: and

text: non

text: metallic

text: forms

text:
In chemistry, an electron pair or a Lewis pair consists of two electrons that occupy the same orbital but have opposite spins. The electron pair concept was introduced in a 1916 paper of Gilbert N. Lewis.
Because electrons are fermions, the Pauli exclusion principle forbids these particles from having exactly the same quantum numbers. Therefore, the only way to occupy the same orbital, i.e. have the same orbital quantum numbers, is to differ in the spin quantum number. This limits the number of electrons in the same orbital to exactly two.

text: In

text: chemistry

text: an

text: electron

text: pair

text: or

text: Lewis

text: pair

text: consists

text: of

text: two

text: electrons

text: that

text: occupy

text: the

text: same

text: orbital

text: but

text: have

text: opposite

text: spins

text: The

text: electron

text: pair

text: concept

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: paper

text: of

text: Gilbert

text: Lewis

text: Because

text: electrons

text: are

text: fermions

text: the

text: Pauli

text: exclusion

text: principle

text: forbids

text: these

text: particles

text: from

text: having

text: exactly

text: the

text: same

text: quantum

text: numbers

text: Therefore

text: the

text: only

text: way

text: to

text: occupy

text: the

text: same

text: orbital

text: i.e.

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: orbital

text: quantum

text: numbers

text: is

text: to

text: differ

text: in

text: the

text: spin

text: quantum

text: number

text: This

text: limits

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: electrons

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: orbital

text: to

text: exactly

text: two

text: Bond order is the number of chemical bonds between a pair of atoms. For example, in diatomic nitrogen NN the bond order is 3, in acetylene the bond order between the two carbon atoms is also 3, and the bond order is 1. Bond order gives an indication of the stability of a bond. An element with bond order value 0 cannot exist, but compounds can have a 0 bond value.

text: Bond

text: order

text: is

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: chemical

text: bonds

text: between

text: pair

text: of

text: atoms

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: diatomic

text: nitrogen

text: NN

text: the

text: bond

text: order

text: is

text: in

text: acetylene

text: the

text: bond

text: order

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: carbon

text: atoms

text: is

text: also

text: and

text: the

text: bond

text: order

text: is

text: Bond

text: order

text: gives

text: an

text: indication

text: of

text: the

text: stability

text: of

text: bond

text: An

text: element

text: with

text: bond

text: order

text: value

text: can

text: not

text: exist

text: but

text: compounds

text: can

text: have

text: bond

text: value

text: A chemical compound (or just compound if used in the context of chemistry) is an entity consisting of two or more atoms, at least two from different elements, which associate via chemical bonds. There are four types of compounds, depending on how the constituent atoms are held together: molecules held together by covalent bonds, ionic compounds held together by ionic bonds, intermetallic compounds held together by metallic bonds, and certain complexes held together by coordinate covalent bonds. Many chemical compounds have a unique numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS): its CAS number.

text: chemical

text: compound

text: or

text: just

text: compound

text: if

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: chemistry

text: is

text: an

text: entity

text: consisting

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: atoms

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: from

text: different

text: elements

text: which

text: associate

text: via

text: chemical

text: bonds

text: There

text: are

text: four

text: types

text: of

text: compounds

text: depending

text: on

text: how

text: the

text: constituent

text: atoms

text: are

text: held

text: together

text: molecules

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: covalent

text: bonds

text: ionic

text: compounds

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: ionic

text: bonds

text: intermetallic

text: compounds

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: metallic

text: bonds

text: and

text: certain

text: complexes

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: coordinate

text: covalent

text: bonds

text: Many

text: chemical

text: compounds

text: have

text: unique

text: numerical

text: identifier

text: assigned

text: by

text: the

text: Chemical

text: Abstracts

text: Service

text: CAS

text: its

text: CAS

text: number

text: Carbon (from "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalentmaking four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Three isotopes occur naturally, C and C being stable, while C is a radioactive isotope, decaying with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity.

text: Carbon

text: from

text: coal

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: symbol

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: It

text: is

text: nonmetallic

text: and

text: tetravalentmaking

text: four

text: electrons

text: available

text: to

text: form

text: covalent

text: chemical

text: bonds

text: Three

text: isotopes

text: occur

text: naturally

text: and

text: being

text: stable

text: while

text: is

text: radioactive

text: isotope

text: decaying

text: with

text: half

text: life

text: of

text: about

text: years

text: Carbon

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: elements

text: known

text: since

text: antiquity

text: In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding with the metal generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs. The nature of metalligand bonding can range from covalent to ionic. Furthermore, the metalligand bond order can range from one to three. Ligands are viewed as Lewis bases, although rare cases are known to involve Lewis acidic "ligand."

text: In

text: coordination

text: chemistry

text: ligand

text: is

text: an

text: ion

text: or

text: molecule

text: functional

text: group

text: that

text: binds

text: to

text: central

text: metal

text: atom

text: to

text: form

text: coordination

text: complex

text: The

text: bonding

text: with

text: the

text: metal

text: generally

text: involves

text: formal

text: donation

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: ligand

text: 's

text: electron

text: pairs

text: The

text: nature

text: of

text: metalligand

text: bonding

text: can

text: range

text: from

text: covalent

text: to

text: ionic

text: Furthermore

text: the

text: metalligand

text: bond

text: order

text: can

text: range

text: from

text: one

text: to

text: three

text: Ligands

text: are

text: viewed

text: as

text: Lewis

text: bases

text: although

text: rare

text: cases

text: are

text: known

text: to

text: involve

text: Lewis

text: acidic

text: ligand

question: has_part phenanthroline

answer: carbon

text: carbon

text: carbon

text: carbon

text: carbon


text: Gmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyl and west of the regional capital Pozna.

text: Gmina

text: Opalenica

text: is

text: an

text: urban

text: rural

text: gmina

text: administrative

text: district

text: in

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: Its

text: seat

text: is

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Opalenica

text: which

text: lies

text: approximately

text: east

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: Pozna

text: Konstancin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Góra witej Magorzaty, within czyca County, ód Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of czyca and north of the regional capital ód.

text: Konstancin

text: is

text: village

text: in

text: the

text: administrative

text: district

text: of

text: Gmina

text: Góra

text: witej

text: Magorzaty

text: within

text: czyca

text: County

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: lies

text: approximately

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: czyca

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: ód

text: Gmina Góra witej Magorzaty is a rural gmina (administrative district) in czyca County, ód Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Góra witej Magorzaty, which lies approximately east of czyca and north of the regional capital ód.

text: Gmina

text: Góra

text: witej

text: Magorzaty

text: is

text: rural

text: gmina

text: administrative

text: district

text: in

text: czyca

text: County

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: central

text: Poland

text: Its

text: seat

text: is

text: the

text: village

text: of

text: Góra

text: witej

text: Magorzaty

text: which

text: lies

text: approximately

text: east

text: of

text: czyca

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: ód

text: ód (, ;  "Lodzh"; also written as Lodz) is the third-largest city in Poland. Located in the central part of the country, it has a population of 698,688 (2016). It is the capital of ód Voivodeship, and is approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of canting: depicting a boat. It alludes to the city's name which translates literally as "boat."

text: ód

text: Lodzh

text: also

text: written

text: as

text: Lodz

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Poland

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: it

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: and

text: is

text: approximately

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Warsaw

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: canting

text: depicting

text: boat

text: It

text: alludes

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: name

text: which

text: translates

text: literally

text: as

text: boat

text: Bernard Chrzanowski ( 27 July 1861 , Wojnowice , Nowy Tomyl County - 12 December 1944 , Konstancin ) was a Polish social and political activist , president of the Union of the Greater Poland Falcons ( Zwizek Sokoów Wielkopolskich ) `` Sokó '' .

text: Bernard

text: Chrzanowski

text: July

text: Wojnowice

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: December

text: Konstancin

text: was

text: Polish

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: activist

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Falcons

text: Zwizek

text: Sokoów

text: Wielkopolskich

text: Sokó

text: Wojnowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opalenica, within Nowy Tomyl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Opalenica, east of Nowy Tomyl, and west of the regional capital Pozna.

text: Wojnowice

text: is

text: village

text: in

text: the

text: administrative

text: district

text: of

text: Gmina

text: Opalenica

text: within

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: lies

text: approximately

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: Opalenica

text: east

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: Pozna

text: czyca County is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in ód Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is czyca, which lies north-west of the regional capital ód.

text: czyca

text: County

text: is

text: unit

text: of

text: territorial

text: administration

text: and

text: local

text: government

text: powiat

text: in

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: came

text: into

text: being

text: on

text: January

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: local

text: government

text: reforms

text: passed

text: in

text: Its

text: administrative

text: seat

text: and

text: only

text: town

text: is

text: czyca

text: which

text: lies

text: north

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: ód

text: Nowy Tomyl County is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nowy Tomyl, which lies west of the regional capital Pozna. The county contains three other towns: Opalenica, east of Nowy Tomyl, Zbszy, south-west of Nowy Tomyl, and Lwówek, north of Nowy Tomyl.

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: is

text: unit

text: of

text: territorial

text: administration

text: and

text: local

text: government

text: powiat

text: in

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: came

text: into

text: being

text: on

text: January

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: local

text: government

text: reforms

text: passed

text: in

text: Its

text: administrative

text: seat

text: and

text: largest

text: town

text: is

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: which

text: lies

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: capital

text: Pozna

text: The

text: county

text: contains

text: three

text: other

text: towns

text: Opalenica

text: east

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: Zbszy

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: and

text: Lwówek

text: north

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: Sokó ("Polish Gymnastic Society "Falcon"") is the Polish offshoot of the Czech (pan-Slavic oriented) Sokol movement, and the oldest youth movement organization of Poland. Created in Lwów in 1867, by the end of World War I the movement had its units  "gniazda" ("Nests")  in all parts of Poland, as well as among the Polish communities abroad. The group's goal was to develop fitness, both physically and mentally, with a motto "mens sana in corpore sano" ("a fit spirit in a fit body").

text: Sokó

text: Polish

text: Gymnastic

text: Society

text: Falcon

text: is

text: the

text: Polish

text: offshoot

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: pan

text: Slavic

text: oriented

text: Sokol

text: movement

text: and

text: the

text: oldest

text: youth

text: movement

text: organization

text: of

text: Poland

text: Created

text: in

text: Lwów

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: movement

text: had

text: its

text: units

text: gniazda

text: Nests

text: in

text: all

text: parts

text: of

text: Poland

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: among

text: the

text: Polish

text: communities

text: abroad

text: The

text: group

text: 's

text: goal

text: was

text: to

text: develop

text: fitness

text: both

text: physically

text: and

text: mentally

text: with

text: motto

text: mens

text: sana

text: in

text: corpore

text: sano

text: fit

text: spirit

text: in

text: fit

text: body

text: Opalenica (German "Opalenitza", German-nazi 1943-45 "Oppenbach") is a town in Nowy Tomyl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland, with 9,861 inhabitants (2007).

text: Opalenica

text: German

text: Opalenitza

text: German

text: nazi

text: Oppenbach

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: Poland

text: with

text: inhabitants

text: Pozna (known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region. It is best known for its renaissance Old Town, destroyed during World War II and then rebuilt, and Ostrów Tumski Cathedral. Today, Pozna is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Jarmark witojaski, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect.

text: Pozna

text: known

text: also

text: by

text: other

text: historical

text: names

text: is

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Warta

text: river

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: region

text: It

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: renaissance

text: Old

text: Town

text: destroyed

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: then

text: rebuilt

text: and

text: Ostrów

text: Tumski

text: Cathedral

text: Today

text: Pozna

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: and

text: business

text: centre

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: Poland

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: regions

text: with

text: many

text: regional

text: customs

text: such

text: as

text: Jarmark

text: witojaski

text: traditional

text: Saint

text: Martin

text: 's

text: croissants

text: and

text: local

text: dialect

text: czyca (in full The Royal Town of czyca; ) is a town of 16,594 inhabitants in central Poland. Situated in the ód Voivodeship, it is the county seat of the czyca County.

text: czyca

text: in

text: full

text: The

text: Royal

text: Town

text: of

text: czyca

text: is

text: town

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: in

text: central

text: Poland

text: Situated

text: in

text: the

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: county

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: czyca

text: County

text: Nowy Tomyl is a town in western Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship. It is the capital of Nowy Tomyl County. The population is 15,627 (2004).

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: western

text: Poland

text: in

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Nowy

text: Tomyl

text: County

text: The

text: population

text: is

text: World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.

text: World

text: War

text: WWI

text: or

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: or

text: the

text: Great

text: War

text: was

text: global

text: war

text: originating

text: in

text: Europe

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: July

text: to

text: November

text: More

text: than

text: million

text: military

text: personnel

text: including

text: million

text: Europeans

text: were

text: mobilised

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: wars

text: in

text: history

text: Over

text: nine

text: million

text: combatants

text: and

text: seven

text: million

text: civilians

text: died

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: including

text: the

text: victims

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: genocides

text: casualty

text: rate

text: exacerbated

text: by

text: the

text: belligerents

text: technological

text: and

text: industrial

text: sophistication

text: and

text: the

text: tactical

text: stalemate

text: caused

text: by

text: gruelling

text: trench

text: warfare

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: deadliest

text: conflicts

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: major

text: political

text: changes

text: including

text: revolutions

text: in

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: nations

text: involved

text: Greater Poland Voivodeship (in Polish: "Województwo Wielkopolskie" ), also known as Wielkopolska Voivodeship or Wielkopolska Province, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Pozna, Kalisz, Konin, Pia and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The province is named after the region called Greater Poland or "Wielkopolska" . The modern province includes most of this historic region, except for some south-western parts.

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: Polish

text: Województwo

text: Wielkopolskie

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Wielkopolska

text: Voivodeship

text: or

text: Wielkopolska

text: Province

text: is

text: voivodeship

text: or

text: province

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: January

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Pozna

text: Kalisz

text: Konin

text: Pia

text: and

text: Leszno

text: Voivodeships

text: pursuant

text: to

text: the

text: Polish

text: local

text: government

text: reforms

text: adopted

text: in

text: The

text: province

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: region

text: called

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: or

text: Wielkopolska

text: The

text: modern

text: province

text: includes

text: most

text: of

text: this

text: historic

text: region

text: except

text: for

text: some

text: south

text: western

text: parts

text: ód Voivodeship (also known as ód Province, or by its Polish name, "województwo ódzkie" ) is a province (voivodeship) in central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former ód Voivodeship (19751999) and the Sieradz, Piotrków Trybunalski and Skierniewice Voivodeships and part of Pock Voivodeship, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The province is named after its capital and largest city, ód, pronounced .

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: ód

text: Province

text: or

text: by

text: its

text: Polish

text: name

text: województwo

text: ódzkie

text: is

text: province

text: voivodeship

text: in

text: central

text: Poland

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: January

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: ód

text: Voivodeship

text: and

text: the

text: Sieradz

text: Piotrków

text: Trybunalski

text: and

text: Skierniewice

text: Voivodeships

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: Pock

text: Voivodeship

text: pursuant

text: to

text: the

text: Polish

text: local

text: government

text: reforms

text: adopted

text: in

text: The

text: province

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: ód

text: pronounced

text: A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.

text: village

text: is

text: clustered

text: human

text: settlement

text: or

text: community

text: larger

text: than

text: hamlet

text: but

text: smaller

text: than

text: town

text: with

text: population

text: ranging

text: from

text: few

text: hundred

text: to

text: few

text: thousand

text: Though

text: often

text: located

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: the

text: term

text: urban

text: village

text: is

text: also

text: applied

text: to

text: certain

text: urban

text: neighbourhoods

text: Villages

text: are

text: normally

text: permanent

text: with

text: fixed

text: dwellings

text: however

text: transient

text: villages

text: can

text: occur

text: Further

text: the

text: dwellings

text: of

text: village

text: are

text: fairly

text: close

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: not

text: scattered

text: broadly

text: over

text: the

text: landscape

text: as

text: dispersed

text: settlement

text: The Sokol movement (from the Czech word for "falcon") is an all-age gymnastics organization first founded in Prague in the Czech region of Austria-Hungary in 1862 by Miroslav Tyrš and Jindich Fügner. It was based upon the principle of "a strong mind in a sound body". The Sokol, through lectures, discussions, and group outings provided what Tyrš viewed as physical, moral, and intellectual training for the nation. This training extended to men of all ages and classes, and eventually to women.

text: The

text: Sokol

text: movement

text: from

text: the

text: Czech

text: word

text: for

text: falcon

text: is

text: an

text: all

text: age

text: gymnastics

text: organization

text: first

text: founded

text: in

text: Prague

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: region

text: of

text: Austria

text: Hungary

text: in

text: by

text: Miroslav

text: Tyrš

text: and

text: Jindich

text: Fügner

text: It

text: was

text: based

text: upon

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: strong

text: mind

text: in

text: sound

text: body

text: The

text: Sokol

text: through

text: lectures

text: discussions

text: and

text: group

text: outings

text: provided

text: what

text: Tyrš

text: viewed

text: as

text: physical

text: moral

text: and

text: intellectual

text: training

text: for

text: the

text: nation

text: This

text: training

text: extended

text: to

text: men

text: of

text: all

text: ages

text: and

text: classes

text: and

text: eventually

text: to

text: women

annotations: likely single

question: place_of_birth bernard chrzanowski

answer: opalenica

text: opalenica

text: opalenica

text: opalenica

text: opalenica

text: opalenica

text: opalenica


text: Arthur Howey "Art" Ross (January 13, 1885  August 5, 1964) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and executive from 1905 until 1954. Regarded as one of the best defenders of his era by his peers, he was one of the first to skate with the puck up the ice rather than pass it to a forward. He was on Stanley Cup championship teams twice in a playing career that lasted thirteen seasons; in January 1907 with the Kenora Thistles and 1908 with the Montreal Wanderers. Like other players of the time, Ross played for several different teams and leagues, and is most notable for his time with the Wanderers while they were members of the National Hockey Association (NHA) and its successor, the National Hockey League (NHL). In 1911 he led one of the first organized player strikes over increased pay. When the Wanderers' home arena burned down in January 1918, the team ceased operations and Ross retired as a player.

text: Arthur

text: Howey

text: Art

text: Ross

text: January

text: August

text: was

text: Canadian

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: player

text: and

text: executive

text: from

text: until

text: Regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: defenders

text: of

text: his

text: era

text: by

text: his

text: peers

text: he

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: skate

text: with

text: the

text: puck

text: up

text: the

text: ice

text: rather

text: than

text: pass

text: it

text: to

text: forward

text: He

text: was

text: on

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: championship

text: teams

text: twice

text: in

text: playing

text: career

text: that

text: lasted

text: thirteen

text: seasons

text: in

text: January

text: with

text: the

text: Kenora

text: Thistles

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: Montreal

text: Wanderers

text: Like

text: other

text: players

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: Ross

text: played

text: for

text: several

text: different

text: teams

text: and

text: leagues

text: and

text: is

text: most

text: notable

text: for

text: his

text: time

text: with

text: the

text: Wanderers

text: while

text: they

text: were

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: Association

text: NHA

text: and

text: its

text: successor

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: In

text: he

text: led

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: organized

text: player

text: strikes

text: over

text: increased

text: pay

text: When

text: the

text: Wanderers

text: home

text: arena

text: burned

text: down

text: in

text: January

text: the

text: team

text: ceased

text: operations

text: and

text: Ross

text: retired

text: as

text: player

text: Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: is

text: contact

text: team

text: sport

text: played

text: on

text: ice

text: usually

text: in

text: rink

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: skaters

text: use

text: their

text: sticks

text: to

text: shoot

text: vulcanized

text: rubber

text: puck

text: into

text: their

text: opponent

text: 's

text: net

text: to

text: score

text: points

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: teams

text: usually

text: consist

text: of

text: six

text: players

text: each

text: one

text: goaltender

text: and

text: five

text: players

text: who

text: skate

text: up

text: and

text: down

text: the

text: ice

text: trying

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: puck

text: and

text: score

text: goal

text: against

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: Richard Winston `` Dickie '' Moore ( January 6 , 1931 -- December 19 , 2015 ) was a Canadian professional hockey player , successful businessman and community philanthropist . He twice won the Art Ross Trophy as the National Hockey League 's leading scorer and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame .

text: Richard

text: Winston

text: Dickie

text: Moore

text: January

text: December

text: was

text: Canadian

text: professional

text: hockey

text: player

text: successful

text: businessman

text: and

text: community

text: philanthropist

text: He

text: twice

text: won

text: the

text: Art

text: Ross

text: Trophy

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: 's

text: leading

text: scorer

text: and

text: was

text: inducted

text: into

text: the

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: The National Hockey League (NHL) is a professional ice hockey league currently composed of 31 member clubs. Of the 30 clubs currently playing, 23 are in the United States and 7 in Canada. Headquartered in New York City, the NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.

text: The

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: is

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: currently

text: composed

text: of

text: member

text: clubs

text: Of

text: the

text: clubs

text: currently

text: playing

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: in

text: Canada

text: Headquartered

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: the

text: NHL

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: premier

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: professional

text: sports

text: leagues

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: The

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: the

text: oldest

text: professional

text: sports

text: trophy

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: is

text: awarded

text: annually

text: to

text: the

text: league

text: playoff

text: champion

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: each

text: season

text: The Hockey Hall of Fame is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dedicated to the history of ice hockey, it is a museum and a hall of fame. It holds exhibits about players, teams, National Hockey League (NHL) records, memorabilia and NHL trophies, including the Stanley Cup. Founded in Kingston, Ontario, the Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1943 under the leadership of James T. Sutherland. The first class of honoured members was inducted in 1945, before the Hall of Fame had a permanent location. It moved to Toronto in 1958 after the NHL withdrew its support for the International Hockey Hall of Fame in Kingston, Ontario. Its first permanent building opened at Exhibition Place in 1961. In 1993, the hall was relocated to a former Bank of Montreal building in Downtown Toronto, where it is now located.

text: The

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Toronto

text: Ontario

text: Canada

text: Dedicated

text: to

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: ice

text: hockey

text: it

text: is

text: museum

text: and

text: hall

text: of

text: fame

text: It

text: holds

text: exhibits

text: about

text: players

text: teams

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: records

text: memorabilia

text: and

text: NHL

text: trophies

text: including

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: Founded

text: in

text: Kingston

text: Ontario

text: the

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: James

text: Sutherland

text: The

text: first

text: class

text: of

text: honoured

text: members

text: was

text: inducted

text: in

text: before

text: the

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: had

text: permanent

text: location

text: It

text: moved

text: to

text: Toronto

text: in

text: after

text: the

text: NHL

text: withdrew

text: its

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: International

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: in

text: Kingston

text: Ontario

text: Its

text: first

text: permanent

text: building

text: opened

text: at

text: Exhibition

text: Place

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: hall

text: was

text: relocated

text: to

text: former

text: Bank

text: of

text: Montreal

text: building

text: in

text: Downtown

text: Toronto

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: located

text: James Thomas Sutherland (October 10, 1870  September 30, 1955) was a Canadian ice hockey player, coach, administrator, and developer. He was a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame.

text: James

text: Thomas

text: Sutherland

text: October

text: September

text: was

text: Canadian

text: ice

text: hockey

text: player

text: coach

text: administrator

text: and

text: developer

text: He

text: was

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in the United States and Canada. The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL). Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).

text: The

text: major

text: professional

text: sports

text: leagues

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: are

text: the

text: highest

text: professional

text: competitions

text: of

text: team

text: sports

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: The

text: four

text: leagues

text: universally

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: definition

text: are

text: Major

text: League

text: Baseball

text: MLB

text: the

text: National

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: NBA

text: the

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: NFL

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: Other

text: prominent

text: leagues

text: include

text: Major

text: League

text: Soccer

text: MLS

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Football

text: League

text: CFL

text: The Art Ross Trophy is awarded to the National Hockey League (NHL) player who leads the league in points at the end of the regular season. It was presented to the league by former player, General Manager, and head coach Art Ross. The trophy has been awarded 65 times to 27 players since its introduction in the 194748 NHL season. Ross is also known for his design of the official NHL puck, with slightly bevelled edges for better control.

text: The

text: Art

text: Ross

text: Trophy

text: is

text: awarded

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: player

text: who

text: leads

text: the

text: league

text: in

text: points

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: regular

text: season

text: It

text: was

text: presented

text: to

text: the

text: league

text: by

text: former

text: player

text: General

text: Manager

text: and

text: head

text: coach

text: Art

text: Ross

text: The

text: trophy

text: has

text: been

text: awarded

text: times

text: to

text: players

text: since

text: its

text: introduction

text: in

text: the

text: NHL

text: season

text: Ross

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: design

text: of

text: the

text: official

text: NHL

text: puck

text: with

text: slightly

text: bevelled

text: edges

text: for

text: better

text: control

text: The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff winner. Originally commissioned in 1892 as the "Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup", the trophy is named for Lord Stanley of Preston, thenGovernor General of Canada, who awarded it to Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club, which the entire Stanley family supported, with the sons and daughters playing and promoting the game. The first Cup was awarded in 1893 to Montreal HC, and subsequent winners from 1893 to 1914 were determined by challenge games and league play. Professional teams first became eligible to challenge for the Stanley Cup in 1906. In 1915, the two professional ice hockey organizations, the National Hockey Association (NHA) and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA), reached a gentlemen's agreement in which their respective champions would face each other annually for the Stanley Cup. After a series of league mergers and folds, it was established as the "de facto" championship trophy of the NHL in 1926 and then the "de jure" NHL championship prize in 1947.

text: The

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: is

text: the

text: championship

text: trophy

text: awarded

text: annually

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: NHL

text: playoff

text: winner

text: Originally

text: commissioned

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: Dominion

text: Hockey

text: Challenge

text: Cup

text: the

text: trophy

text: is

text: named

text: for

text: Lord

text: Stanley

text: of

text: Preston

text: thenGovernor

text: General

text: of

text: Canada

text: who

text: awarded

text: it

text: to

text: Canada

text: 's

text: top

text: ranking

text: amateur

text: ice

text: hockey

text: club

text: which

text: the

text: entire

text: Stanley

text: family

text: supported

text: with

text: the

text: sons

text: and

text: daughters

text: playing

text: and

text: promoting

text: the

text: game

text: The

text: first

text: Cup

text: was

text: awarded

text: in

text: to

text: Montreal

text: HC

text: and

text: subsequent

text: winners

text: from

text: to

text: were

text: determined

text: by

text: challenge

text: games

text: and

text: league

text: play

text: Professional

text: teams

text: first

text: became

text: eligible

text: to

text: challenge

text: for

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: two

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: organizations

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: Association

text: NHA

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Coast

text: Hockey

text: Association

text: PCHA

text: reached

text: gentlemen

text: 's

text: agreement

text: in

text: which

text: their

text: respective

text: champions

text: would

text: face

text: each

text: other

text: annually

text: for

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: After

text: series

text: of

text: league

text: mergers

text: and

text: folds

text: it

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: championship

text: trophy

text: of

text: the

text: NHL

text: in

text: and

text: then

text: the

text: de

text: jure

text: NHL

text: championship

text: prize

text: in

text: The 194748 NHL season was the 31st season of the National Hockey League. Six teams each played 60 games. The Toronto Maple Leafs were the Stanley Cup winners. They defeated the Detroit Red Wings four games to none. This season saw the introduction of a new trophy  Art Ross Trophy  that would be handed out to the player who scored the most points during the regular season.

text: The

text: NHL

text: season

text: was

text: the

text: season

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: Six

text: teams

text: each

text: played

text: games

text: The

text: Toronto

text: Maple

text: Leafs

text: were

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: winners

text: They

text: defeated

text: the

text: Detroit

text: Red

text: Wings

text: four

text: games

text: to

text: This

text: season

text: saw

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: new

text: trophy

text: Art

text: Ross

text: Trophy

text: that

text: would

text: be

text: handed

text: out

text: to

text: the

text: player

text: who

text: scored

text: the

text: most

text: points

text: during

text: the

text: regular

text: season

text: The International Hockey Hall of Fame (IHHOF) and Museum is a museum dedicated to the history of ice hockey in Canada, located in Kingston, Ontario. The IHHOF was originally planned to be the one Hockey Hall of Fame but events led to the establishment of the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto instead.

text: The

text: International

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: IHHOF

text: and

text: Museum

text: is

text: museum

text: dedicated

text: to

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: ice

text: hockey

text: in

text: Canada

text: located

text: in

text: Kingston

text: Ontario

text: The

text: IHHOF

text: was

text: originally

text: planned

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: one

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: but

text: events

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Hockey

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: in

text: Toronto

text: instead

text: Exhibition Place is a publicly owned mixed-use district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located by the shoreline of Lake Ontario, just west of downtown. The site includes exhibit, trade, and banquet centres, theatre and music buildings, monuments, parkland, sports facilities, and a number of civic, provincial, and national historic sites. The district's facilities are used year-round for exhibitions, trade shows, public and private functions, and sporting events.

text: Exhibition

text: Place

text: is

text: publicly

text: owned

text: mixed

text: use

text: district

text: in

text: Toronto

text: Ontario

text: Canada

text: located

text: by

text: the

text: shoreline

text: of

text: Lake

text: Ontario

text: just

text: west

text: of

text: downtown

text: The

text: site

text: includes

text: exhibit

text: trade

text: and

text: banquet

text: centres

text: theatre

text: and

text: music

text: buildings

text: monuments

text: parkland

text: sports

text: facilities

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: civic

text: provincial

text: and

text: national

text: historic

text: sites

text: The

text: district

text: 's

text: facilities

text: are

text: used

text: year

text: round

text: for

text: exhibitions

text: trade

text: shows

text: public

text: and

text: private

text: functions

text: and

text: sporting

text: events

annotations: follows single

question: sport dickie moore

answer: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey

text: ice hockey