text: The Sperberhai Dyke ( German : Sperberhaier Damm ) is in fact an aqueduct which forms part of the Upper Harz Water Regale network of reservoirs , ditches , dams and tunnels in the Harz mountains of central Germany . It carries the water of the Dyke Ditch over the depression of the Sperberhai to the Clausthal plateau . The Sperberhai Dyke was built in 1732 - 34 in order to satisfy the rising demand for water power for the water wheels of the Clausthal mines . The water crossed the embankment in a channel along its crest . The channel is only visible today at its western end . Its hydraulic capacity at peak times was up to 1,000 litres per second .

text: The

text: Sperberhai

text: Dyke

text: German

text: Sperberhaier

text: Damm

text: is

text: in

text: fact

text: an

text: aqueduct

text: which

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: Water

text: Regale

text: network

text: of

text: reservoirs

text: ditches

text: dams

text: and

text: tunnels

text: in

text: the

text: Harz

text: mountains

text: of

text: central

text: Germany

text: It

text: carries

text: the

text: water

text: of

text: the

text: Dyke

text: Ditch

text: over

text: the

text: depression

text: of

text: the

text: Sperberhai

text: to

text: the

text: Clausthal

text: plateau

text: The

text: Sperberhai

text: Dyke

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: satisfy

text: the

text: rising

text: demand

text: for

text: water

text: power

text: for

text: the

text: water

text: wheels

text: of

text: the

text: Clausthal

text: mines

text: The

text: water

text: crossed

text: the

text: embankment

text: in

text: channel

text: along

text: its

text: crest

text: The

text: channel

text: is

text: only

text: visible

text: today

text: at

text: its

text: western

text: end

text: Its

text: hydraulic

text: capacity

text: at

text: peak

text: times

text: was

text: up

text: to

text: litres

text: per

text: second

text: At , the Bruchberg in the Upper Harz is the second highest mountain in Lower Saxony and the third highest in the Harz mountains in North Germany. It lies between Altenau and Torfhaus in the middle of the Harz National Park. The Bruchberg is more like a plateau and has no real summit. This plateau is partly covered with trees, but on the sunny southern slopes the trees have largely died as a result of bark beetle infestation (see photograph below). Following this insect destruction, a new natural forest, rich in its variety of species, is now growing in the heart of the Harz National Park.

text: At

text: the

text: Bruchberg

text: in

text: the

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: mountain

text: in

text: Lower

text: Saxony

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: Harz

text: mountains

text: in

text: North

text: Germany

text: It

text: lies

text: between

text: Altenau

text: and

text: Torfhaus

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: Harz

text: National

text: Park

text: The

text: Bruchberg

text: is

text: more

text: like

text: plateau

text: and

text: has

text: no

text: real

text: summit

text: This

text: plateau

text: is

text: partly

text: covered

text: with

text: trees

text: but

text: on

text: the

text: sunny

text: southern

text: slopes

text: the

text: trees

text: have

text: largely

text: died

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: bark

text: beetle

text: infestation

text: see

text: photograph

text: below

text: Following

text: this

text: insect

text: destruction

text: new

text: natural

text: forest

text: rich

text: in

text: its

text: variety

text: of

text: species

text: is

text: now

text: growing

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Harz

text: National

text: Park

text: The Upper Harz refers to the northwestern and higher part of the Harz mountain range in Germany. The exact boundaries of this geographical region may be defined differently depending on the context. In its traditional sense, the term Upper Harz covers the area of the seven historical mining towns ("Bergstädte") - Clausthal, Zellerfeld, Andreasberg, Altenau, Lautenthal, Wildemann and Grund - in the present-day German federal state of Lower Saxony. Orographically, it comprises the Harz catchment areas of the Söse, Innerste and Grane, Oker and Abzucht mountain streams, all part of the larger Weser watershed.

text: The

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: northwestern

text: and

text: higher

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Harz

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Germany

text: The

text: exact

text: boundaries

text: of

text: this

text: geographical

text: region

text: may

text: be

text: defined

text: differently

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: context

text: In

text: its

text: traditional

text: sense

text: the

text: term

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: covers

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: historical

text: mining

text: towns

text: Bergstädte

text: Clausthal

text: Zellerfeld

text: Andreasberg

text: Altenau

text: Lautenthal

text: Wildemann

text: and

text: Grund

text: in

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: German

text: federal

text: state

text: of

text: Lower

text: Saxony

text: Orographically

text: it

text: comprises

text: the

text: Harz

text: catchment

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Söse

text: Innerste

text: and

text: Grane

text: Oker

text: and

text: Abzucht

text: mountain

text: streams

text: all

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: Weser

text: watershed

text: The Dyke Ditch is the longest artificial ditch in the Upper Harz in central Germany. Its purpose was to collect surface runoff for the operation of the Upper Harz mining industry from precipitation-heavy regions a long way away (particularly from the Bruchberg and parts of the Brocken massif). It was laid in 1732 and continually extended eastwards until 1827. Its original length was about 25 km; this was successively shortened by water tunnels between 1820 and 1861 to around 19 km. It is a central component of the Upper Harz Water Regale. Its takes its name from the Sperberhai Dyke which is, in fact, an embankment on top of which the Dyke Ditch runs in an aqueduct in order to cross a depression.

text: The

text: Dyke

text: Ditch

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: artificial

text: ditch

text: in

text: the

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: in

text: central

text: Germany

text: Its

text: purpose

text: was

text: to

text: collect

text: surface

text: runoff

text: for

text: the

text: operation

text: of

text: the

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: mining

text: industry

text: from

text: precipitation

text: heavy

text: regions

text: long

text: way

text: away

text: particularly

text: from

text: the

text: Bruchberg

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Brocken

text: massif

text: It

text: was

text: laid

text: in

text: and

text: continually

text: extended

text: eastwards

text: until

text: Its

text: original

text: length

text: was

text: about

text: km

text: this

text: was

text: successively

text: shortened

text: by

text: water

text: tunnels

text: between

text: and

text: to

text: around

text: km

text: It

text: is

text: central

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: Upper

text: Harz

text: Water

text: Regale

text: Its

text: takes

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: Sperberhai

text: Dyke

text: which

text: is

text: in

text: fact

text: an

text: embankment

text: on

text: top

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: Dyke

text: Ditch

text: runs

text: in

text: an

text: aqueduct

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: cross

text: depression

text: The Brocken, also sometimes referred to as the Blocksberg, is the highest peak of the Harz mountain range and also the highest peak of Northern Germany; it is located near Schierke in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt between the rivers Weser and Elbe. Although its elevation of is below alpine dimensions, its microclimate resembles that of mountains of about . The peak above the tree line tends to have a snow cover from September to May, and mists and fogs shroud it up to 300 days of the year. The mean annual temperature is only . It is the easternmost mountain in northern Germany; travelling east in a straight line, the next prominent elevation would be in the Ural Mountains in Russia.

text: The

text: Brocken

text: also

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Blocksberg

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: peak

text: of

text: the

text: Harz

text: mountain

text: range

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: highest

text: peak

text: of

text: Northern

text: Germany

text: it

text: is

text: located

text: near

text: Schierke

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: state

text: of

text: Saxony

text: Anhalt

text: between

text: the

text: rivers

text: Weser

text: and

text: Elbe

text: Although

text: its

text: elevation

text: of

text: is

text: below

text: alpine

text: dimensions

text: its

text: microclimate

text: resembles

text: that

text: of

text: mountains

text: of

text: about

text: The

text: peak

text: above

text: the

text: tree

text: line

text: tends

text: to

text: have

text: snow

text: cover

text: from

text: September

text: to

text: May

text: and

text: mists

text: and

text: fogs

text: shroud

text: it

text: up

text: to

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: The

text: mean

text: annual

text: temperature

text: is

text: only

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: easternmost

text: mountain

text: in

text: northern

text: Germany

text: travelling

text: east

text: in

text: straight

text: line

text: the

text: next

text: prominent

text: elevation

text: would

text: be

text: in

text: the

text: Ural

text: Mountains

text: in

text: Russia

text: Surface runoff (also known as overland flow) is the flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater, meltwater, or other sources flows over the Earth's surface. This might occur because soil is saturated to full capacity, because rain arrives more quickly than soil can absorb it, or because impervious areas (roofs and pavement) send their runoff to surrounding soil that cannot absorb all of it. Surface runoff is a major component of the water cycle. It is the primary agent in soil erosion by water.

text: Surface

text: runoff

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: overland

text: flow

text: is

text: the

text: flow

text: of

text: water

text: that

text: occurs

text: when

text: excess

text: stormwater

text: meltwater

text: or

text: other

text: sources

text: flows

text: over

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: This

text: might

text: occur

text: because

text: soil

text: is

text: saturated

text: to

text: full

text: capacity

text: because

text: rain

text: arrives

text: more

text: quickly

text: than

text: soil

text: can

text: absorb

text: it

text: or

text: because

text: impervious

text: areas

text: roofs

text: and

text: pavement

text: send

text: their

text: runoff

text: to

text: surrounding

text: soil

text: that

text: can

text: not

text: absorb

text: all

text: of

text: it

text: Surface

text: runoff

text: is

text: major

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: water

text: cycle

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: agent

text: in

text: soil

text: erosion

text: by

text: water

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity sperberhai dyke

answer: lower saxony

text: lower saxony

text: lower saxony


text: Majboor ( Hindi :  , English : Compulsed ) is a 1974 Indian Hindi crime - thriller film directed by Ravi Tandon . Music is by Laxmikant Pyarelal and lyrics by Anand Bakshi . The film was written by Salim - Javed . The movie stars Amitabh Bachchan , Parveen Babi , Pran , Madan Puri , Rehman and Farida Jalal . It is a remake of an American film titled Zig Zag ( 1970 film ) starring George KennedyThe film was later remade in Telugu by director K. Raghavendra Rao as `` Raja '' ( 1976 ) starring Shobhan Babu and Jayasudha . It was also remade in Tamil as Naan Vazhavaippen ( 1979 ) with Sivaji Ganeshan and K. R. Vijaya , and in Gujarati as Naseeb No Khel ( 1982 ) .

text: Majboor

text: Hindi

text: English

text: Compulsed

text: is

text: Indian

text: Hindi

text: crime

text: thriller

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Ravi

text: Tandon

text: Music

text: is

text: by

text: Laxmikant

text: Pyarelal

text: and

text: lyrics

text: by

text: Anand

text: Bakshi

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: written

text: by

text: Salim

text: Javed

text: The

text: movie

text: stars

text: Amitabh

text: Bachchan

text: Parveen

text: Babi

text: Pran

text: Madan

text: Puri

text: Rehman

text: and

text: Farida

text: Jalal

text: It

text: is

text: remake

text: of

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: titled

text: Zig

text: Zag

text: film

text: starring

text: George

text: KennedyThe

text: film

text: was

text: later

text: remade

text: in

text: Telugu

text: by

text: director

text: Raghavendra

text: Rao

text: as

text: Raja

text: starring

text: Shobhan

text: Babu

text: and

text: Jayasudha

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: remade

text: in

text: Tamil

text: as

text: Naan

text: Vazhavaippen

text: with

text: Sivaji

text: Ganeshan

text: and

text: Vijaya

text: and

text: in

text: Gujarati

text: as

text: Naseeb

text: No

text: Khel

text: Salim Khan (born 24 November 1935) is a veteran Indian actor and screenwriter. In Hindi cinema, Khan is best known for being one half of the prolific screenwriting duo of Salim-Javed. He is the father of Bollywood actors Salman Khan, Sohail Khan and Arbaaz Khan. He is married to Sushila Charak (a.k.a. Salma Khan) and to actress Helen.

text: Salim

text: Khan

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: veteran

text: Indian

text: actor

text: and

text: screenwriter

text: In

text: Hindi

text: cinema

text: Khan

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: being

text: one

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: prolific

text: screenwriting

text: duo

text: of

text: Salim

text: Javed

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: Bollywood

text: actors

text: Salman

text: Khan

text: Sohail

text: Khan

text: and

text: Arbaaz

text: Khan

text: He

text: is

text: married

text: to

text: Sushila

text: Charak

text: a.k.a

text: Salma

text: Khan

text: and

text: to

text: actress

text: Helen

text: Salim-Javed were a duo in the Indian film industry who worked for 24 films from 19711987 of which 20 were commercially and critically successful films. They worked together in 22 Bollywood movies and two Kannada films  Premada Kanike and Raja Nanna Raja. The duo, composed of Salim Khan and Javed Akhtar, made the writer's role popular with their names appearing in the posters of the films, and in some films they shared up to 25% of the profit. Their association lasted until 1982, when due to ego issues both decided to split after which Javed moved into writing lyrics for around 80 films and scripts for 20 films from 1981 till present times whereas Salim wrote for 10 scripts between 19831996. They worked on 2 movies like Zamana and Mr. India even after the split, only because these scripts were written earlier and made into film later after they split. During their time working together, the duo won six Filmfare Awards. Although the dilaogues from these movies are considered to be in Hindi, they mostly include vocabulary from Urdu, a register of the Hindustani language.Salim-Javed, many a times described as "the most successful scripwriters of all-time", are also noted to be the first scriptwriters in Hindi films to achieve star status.

text: Salim

text: Javed

text: were

text: duo

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: film

text: industry

text: who

text: worked

text: for

text: films

text: from

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: commercially

text: and

text: critically

text: successful

text: films

text: They

text: worked

text: together

text: in

text: Bollywood

text: movies

text: and

text: two

text: Kannada

text: films

text: Premada

text: Kanike

text: and

text: Raja

text: Nanna

text: Raja

text: The

text: duo

text: composed

text: of

text: Salim

text: Khan

text: and

text: Javed

text: Akhtar

text: made

text: the

text: writer

text: 's

text: role

text: popular

text: with

text: their

text: names

text: appearing

text: in

text: the

text: posters

text: of

text: the

text: films

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: films

text: they

text: shared

text: up

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: profit

text: Their

text: association

text: lasted

text: until

text: when

text: due

text: to

text: ego

text: issues

text: both

text: decided

text: to

text: split

text: after

text: which

text: Javed

text: moved

text: into

text: writing

text: lyrics

text: for

text: around

text: films

text: and

text: scripts

text: for

text: films

text: from

text: till

text: present

text: times

text: whereas

text: Salim

text: wrote

text: for

text: scripts

text: between

text: They

text: worked

text: on

text: movies

text: like

text: Zamana

text: and

text: Mr.

text: India

text: even

text: after

text: the

text: split

text: only

text: because

text: these

text: scripts

text: were

text: written

text: earlier

text: and

text: made

text: into

text: film

text: later

text: after

text: they

text: split

text: During

text: their

text: time

text: working

text: together

text: the

text: duo

text: won

text: six

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: Although

text: the

text: dilaogues

text: from

text: these

text: movies

text: are

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: Hindi

text: they

text: mostly

text: include

text: vocabulary

text: from

text: Urdu

text: register

text: of

text: the

text: Hindustani

text: language

text: Salim

text: Javed

text: many

text: times

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: scripwriters

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: are

text: also

text: noted

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: scriptwriters

text: in

text: Hindi

text: films

text: to

text: achieve

text: star

text: status

text: Javed Akhtar born 17 January 1945) is an Indian poet, lyricist and screenwriter. Akhtar is a mainstream writer and some of his most successful work was carried out with Salim Khan as half of the script-writing duo credited as Salim-Javed between 1971 and 1982. He is a recipient of the Padma Shri (1999), Padma Bhushan (2007), the Sahitya Akademi Award as well as thirteen Filmfare Awards.

text: Javed

text: Akhtar

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: poet

text: lyricist

text: and

text: screenwriter

text: Akhtar

text: is

text: mainstream

text: writer

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: successful

text: work

text: was

text: carried

text: out

text: with

text: Salim

text: Khan

text: as

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: script

text: writing

text: duo

text: credited

text: as

text: Salim

text: Javed

text: between

text: and

text: He

text: is

text: recipient

text: of

text: the

text: Padma

text: Shri

text: Padma

text: Bhushan

text: the

text: Sahitya

text: Akademi

text: Award

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: thirteen

text: Filmfare

text: Awards

text: Parveen Babi (4 April 1949  20 January 2005) was an Indian actress, who is most remembered for her glamorous roles alongside top heroes of the 1970s and early 1980s in blockbusters like "Deewar", "Namak Halaal", "Amar Akbar Anthony" and "Shaan".

text: Parveen

text: Babi

text: April

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: Indian

text: actress

text: who

text: is

text: most

text: remembered

text: for

text: her

text: glamorous

text: roles

text: alongside

text: top

text: heroes

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: in

text: blockbusters

text: like

text: Deewar

text: Namak

text: Halaal

text: Amar

text: Akbar

text: Anthony

text: and

text: Shaan

text: Khud-Daar is a 1982 Indian Hindi movie directed by Ravi Tandon. The music is by Rajesh Roshan and the lyrics by Majrooh Sultanpuri. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Parveen Babi, Vinod Mehra, Sanjeev Kumar, Prem Chopra, Mehmood, Bindiya Goswami and Tanuja in pivotal roles. It was remade in Tamil as "Padikkadhavan" which starred Rajinikanth and in Telugu as "Driver Babu" with Sobhan Babu.

text: Khud

text: Daar

text: is

text: Indian

text: Hindi

text: movie

text: directed

text: by

text: Ravi

text: Tandon

text: The

text: music

text: is

text: by

text: Rajesh

text: Roshan

text: and

text: the

text: lyrics

text: by

text: Majrooh

text: Sultanpuri

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: Amitabh

text: Bachchan

text: Parveen

text: Babi

text: Vinod

text: Mehra

text: Sanjeev

text: Kumar

text: Prem

text: Chopra

text: Mehmood

text: Bindiya

text: Goswami

text: and

text: Tanuja

text: in

text: pivotal

text: roles

text: It

text: was

text: remade

text: in

text: Tamil

text: as

text: Padikkadhavan

text: which

text: starred

text: Rajinikanth

text: and

text: in

text: Telugu

text: as

text: Driver

text: Babu

text: with

text: Sobhan

text: Babu

text: Namak Halaal is a 1982 Hindi language action comedy film, directed by Prakash Mehra. Music is by Bappi Lahiri and lyrics by Anjaan. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Smita Patil, Shashi Kapoor, Parveen Babi, Om Prakash, Waheeda Rehman, Ranjeet, Satyen Kappu, Suresh Oberoi and Ram Sethi. The film became a "Blockbuster" at the box office and went on to be a golden jubilee hit (which was common to all Bachchan films at that time).

text: Namak

text: Halaal

text: is

text: Hindi

text: language

text: action

text: comedy

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Prakash

text: Mehra

text: Music

text: is

text: by

text: Bappi

text: Lahiri

text: and

text: lyrics

text: by

text: Anjaan

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: Amitabh

text: Bachchan

text: Smita

text: Patil

text: Shashi

text: Kapoor

text: Parveen

text: Babi

text: Om

text: Prakash

text: Waheeda

text: Rehman

text: Ranjeet

text: Satyen

text: Kappu

text: Suresh

text: Oberoi

text: and

text: Ram

text: Sethi

text: The

text: film

text: became

text: Blockbuster

text: at

text: the

text: box

text: office

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: be

text: golden

text: jubilee

text: hit

text: which

text: was

text: common

text: to

text: all

text: Bachchan

text: films

text: at

text: that

text: time

text:
Amitabh Harivansh Rai Shrivastava Bachchan (born 11 October 1942) is an Indian film actor. He first gained popularity in the early 1970s for movies like "Zanjeer" and "Deewaar", and was dubbed India's first "angry young man" for his on-screen roles in Bollywood. Referred to as the "Shahenshah of Bollywood", "Star of the Millennium" or "Big B",
he has since appeared in over 190 Indian films in a career spanning almost five decades. Bachchan is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential actors in the history of Indian cinema. So total was his dominance on the movie scene in the 1970s and 1980s that the French director François Truffaut called him a "one-man industry."

text: Amitabh

text: Harivansh

text: Rai

text: Shrivastava

text: Bachchan

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: film

text: actor

text: He

text: first

text: gained

text: popularity

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: for

text: movies

text: like

text: Zanjeer

text: and

text: Deewaar

text: and

text: was

text: dubbed

text: India

text: 's

text: first

text: angry

text: young

text: man

text: for

text: his

text: on

text: screen

text: roles

text: in

text: Bollywood

text: Referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Shahenshah

text: of

text: Bollywood

text: Star

text: of

text: the

text: Millennium

text: or

text: Big

text: he

text: has

text: since

text: appeared

text: in

text: over

text: Indian

text: films

text: in

text: career

text: spanning

text: almost

text: five

text: decades

text: Bachchan

text: is

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: actors

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Indian

text: cinema

text: So

text: total

text: was

text: his

text: dominance

text: on

text: the

text: movie

text: scene

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: French

text: director

text: François

text: Truffaut

text: called

text: him

text: one

text: man

text: industry

text: Ravi Tandon (17 February 1935 - ) is a film director/producer of Indian film industry. He directed a number of hit movies of Bollywood, the most popular among these are "Khel Khel Mein" (1975), "Anhonee", "Jawaab", "Majboor" and "Khud-Daar" (1982). Tandon was born in a Punjabi Family in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. He is the father of Bollywood actress Raveena Tandon.

text: Ravi

text: Tandon

text: February

text: is

text: film

text: director

text: producer

text: of

text: Indian

text: film

text: industry

text: He

text: directed

text: number

text: of

text: hit

text: movies

text: of

text: Bollywood

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: among

text: these

text: are

text: Khel

text: Khel

text: Mein

text: Anhonee

text: Jawaab

text: Majboor

text: and

text: Khud

text: Daar

text: Tandon

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Punjabi

text: Family

text: in

text: Agra

text: Uttar

text: Pradesh

text: India

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: Bollywood

text: actress

text: Raveena

text: Tandon

text:
Khel Khel Mein is a 1975 Indian Hindi film directed by Ravi Tandon. The film's music (Ek main aur ek tu, and also Khullam khulla pyaar karenge) was composed by R.D. Burman and the lyrics written by Gulshan Bawra.
The film stars Rishi Kapoor, Neetu Singh and Rakesh Roshan as college students, who play a prank and get involved with a notorious criminal. The film turns fast from fun and frolic to a taut thriller. Iftekhar and Aruna Irani also star in the film.

text: Khel

text: Khel

text: Mein

text: is

text: Indian

text: Hindi

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Ravi

text: Tandon

text: The

text: film

text: 's

text: music

text: Ek

text: main

text: aur

text: ek

text: tu

text: and

text: also

text: Khullam

text: khulla

text: pyaar

text: karenge

text: was

text: composed

text: by

text: R.D.

text: Burman

text: and

text: the

text: lyrics

text: written

text: by

text: Gulshan

text: Bawra

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: Rishi

text: Kapoor

text: Neetu

text: Singh

text: and

text: Rakesh

text: Roshan

text: as

text: college

text: students

text: who

text: play

text: prank

text: and

text: get

text: involved

text: with

text: notorious

text: criminal

text: The

text: film

text: turns

text: fast

text: from

text: fun

text: and

text: frolic

text: to

text: taut

text: thriller

text: Iftekhar

text: and

text: Aruna

text: Irani

text: also

text: star

text: in

text: the

text: film

annotations: follows single

annotations: likely multiple

question: screenwriter majboor

answer: javed akhtar

text: javed akhtar

text: javed akhtar


text: A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. It differs from a federation in that each constituent state has an independent government, whereas a unitary state is united by a central government. The ruler in a personal union does not need to be a hereditary monarch.

text: personal

text: union

text: is

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: states

text: that

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: monarch

text: while

text: their

text: boundaries

text: laws

text: and

text: interests

text: remain

text: distinct

text: It

text: differs

text: from

text: federation

text: in

text: that

text: each

text: constituent

text: state

text: has

text: an

text: independent

text: government

text: whereas

text: unitary

text: state

text: is

text: united

text: by

text: central

text: government

text: The

text: ruler

text: in

text: personal

text: union

text: does

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: hereditary

text: monarch

text: In political science and political history, the term power vacuum, also known as a power void, is an analogy between a physical vacuum, to the political condition "when someone has lost control of something and no one has replaced them." The situation can occur when a government has no identifiable central power or authority. The physical analogy suggests that in a power vacuum, other forces will tend to "rush in" to fill the vacuum as soon as it is created, perhaps in the form of an armed militia or insurgents, military coup, warlord or dictator.

text: In

text: political

text: science

text: and

text: political

text: history

text: the

text: term

text: power

text: vacuum

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: power

text: void

text: is

text: an

text: analogy

text: between

text: physical

text: vacuum

text: to

text: the

text: political

text: condition

text: when

text: someone

text: has

text: lost

text: control

text: of

text: something

text: and

text: no

text: one

text: has

text: replaced

text: them

text: The

text: situation

text: can

text: occur

text: when

text: government

text: has

text: no

text: identifiable

text: central

text: power

text: or

text: authority

text: The

text: physical

text: analogy

text: suggests

text: that

text: in

text: power

text: vacuum

text: other

text: forces

text: will

text: tend

text: to

text: rush

text: in

text: to

text: fill

text: the

text: vacuum

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: created

text: perhaps

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: an

text: armed

text: militia

text: or

text: insurgents

text: military

text: coup

text: warlord

text: or

text: dictator

text: The Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 came about as a result of the death of young King Sebastian I of Portugal in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in 1578. As Sebastian had no immediate heirs, this event prompted a dynastic crisis, with internal and external battles between several pretenders to the Portuguese throne; in addition, because Sebastian's body was never found, several impostors emerged over the next several years claiming to be the young king, further confusing the situation. Ultimately, Philip II of Spain gained control of the country, uniting the Portuguese and Spanish Crowns in the Iberian Union, a personal union that would last for 60 years, during which time the Portuguese Empire declined.

text: The

text: Portuguese

text: succession

text: crisis

text: of

text: came

text: about

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: young

text: King

text: Sebastian

text: of

text: Portugal

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Alcácer

text: Quibir

text: in

text: As

text: Sebastian

text: had

text: no

text: immediate

text: heirs

text: this

text: event

text: prompted

text: dynastic

text: crisis

text: with

text: internal

text: and

text: external

text: battles

text: between

text: several

text: pretenders

text: to

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: throne

text: in

text: addition

text: because

text: Sebastian

text: 's

text: body

text: was

text: never

text: found

text: several

text: impostors

text: emerged

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: several

text: years

text: claiming

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: young

text: king

text: further

text: confusing

text: the

text: situation

text: Ultimately

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Spain

text: gained

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: uniting

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: and

text: Spanish

text: Crowns

text: in

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Union

text: personal

text: union

text: that

text: would

text: last

text: for

text: years

text: during

text: which

text: time

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Empire

text: declined

text: The Seventeen Provinces was a term applied to the Imperial states of the Habsburg Netherlands in the 15th and 16th century. They roughly covered the Low Countries, i.e. the current Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, plus most of the modern French department of Nord including Artois, French Flanders, and French Hainaut. Also enclosed in this area were semi-independent fiefdoms, mainly ecclesiastical ones, such as Liège, Cambrai and Stavelot-Malmedy.

text: The

text: Seventeen

text: Provinces

text: was

text: term

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: Imperial

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Habsburg

text: Netherlands

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: century

text: They

text: roughly

text: covered

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: i.e.

text: the

text: current

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: and

text: Luxembourg

text: plus

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: French

text: department

text: of

text: Nord

text: including

text: Artois

text: French

text: Flanders

text: and

text: French

text: Hainaut

text: Also

text: enclosed

text: in

text: this

text: area

text: were

text: semi

text: independent

text: fiefdoms

text: mainly

text: ecclesiastical

text: ones

text: such

text: as

text: Liège

text: Cambrai

text: and

text: Stavelot

text: Malmedy

text:
The Battle of Alcazar (Portuguese: "Batalha de Alcácer Quibir", also known as "Battle of Three Kings" (  ) or "Battle of Oued al-Makhazin" (  ) in Morocco) was fought in northern Morocco, near the town of Ksar-el-Kebir (variant spellings: " Ksar El Kebir, Alcácer-Quivir, Alcazarquivir, Alcassar", etc.) and Larache, on 4 August 1578.
The combatants were the army of the deposed Moroccan Sultan Abu Abdallah Mohammed II, with his ally, the King of Portugal Sebastian I, against a large Moroccan army nominally under the new Sultan of Morocco (and uncle of Abu Abdallah Mohammed II) Abd Al-Malik I.

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Alcazar

text: Portuguese

text: Batalha

text: de

text: Alcácer

text: Quibir

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Battle

text: of

text: Three

text: Kings

text: or

text: Battle

text: of

text: Oued

text: al

text: Makhazin

text: in

text: Morocco

text: was

text: fought

text: in

text: northern

text: Morocco

text: near

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Ksar

text: el

text: Kebir

text: variant

text: spellings

text: Ksar

text: El

text: Kebir

text: Alcácer

text: Quivir

text: Alcazarquivir

text: Alcassar

text: etc

text: and

text: Larache

text: on

text: August

text: The

text: combatants

text: were

text: the

text: army

text: of

text: the

text: deposed

text: Moroccan

text: Sultan

text: Abu

text: Abdallah

text: Mohammed

text: II

text: with

text: his

text: ally

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Portugal

text: Sebastian

text: against

text: large

text: Moroccan

text: army

text: nominally

text: under

text: the

text: new

text: Sultan

text: of

text: Morocco

text: and

text: uncle

text: of

text: Abu

text: Abdallah

text: Mohammed

text: II

text: Abd

text: Al

text: Malik

text: Dom Ferdinand I (Portuguese: "Fernando"; 31 October 1345  22 October 1383), sometimes called the Handsome ("o Formoso" or "o Belo" ) or occasionally the Inconstant ("o Inconstante"), was the King of Portugal and the Algarve from 1367 until his death in 1383. His death led to the 1383-85 crisis, also known as the "Portuguese interregnum".

text: Dom

text: Ferdinand

text: Portuguese

text: Fernando

text: October

text: October

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: Handsome

text: Formoso

text: or

text: Belo

text: or

text: occasionally

text: the

text: Inconstant

text: Inconstante

text: was

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Algarve

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: His

text: death

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: crisis

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: interregnum

text: A warlord is a leader able to exercise military, economic, and political control over a subnational territory within a sovereign state due to his ability to mobilize loyal armed forces. These armed forces, usually considered militias, are loyal to the warlord rather than to the state regime. Warlords have existed throughout much of history, albeit in a variety of different capacities within the political, economic, and social structure of states or ungoverned territories.

text: warlord

text: is

text: leader

text: able

text: to

text: exercise

text: military

text: economic

text: and

text: political

text: control

text: over

text: subnational

text: territory

text: within

text: sovereign

text: state

text: due

text: to

text: his

text: ability

text: to

text: mobilize

text: loyal

text: armed

text: forces

text: These

text: armed

text: forces

text: usually

text: considered

text: militias

text: are

text: loyal

text: to

text: the

text: warlord

text: rather

text: than

text: to

text: the

text: state

text: regime

text: Warlords

text: have

text: existed

text: throughout

text: much

text: of

text: history

text: albeit

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: different

text: capacities

text: within

text: the

text: political

text: economic

text: and

text: social

text: structure

text: of

text: states

text: or

text: ungoverned

text: territories

text: The House of Aviz ( modern Portuguese : Avis ; Portuguese pronunciation : ( vi ) ) was the second dynasty of the kings of Portugal . In 1385 , the Interregnum of the 1383 - 1385 crisis ended when the Cortes of Coimbra proclaimed the Master of the monastic military Order of Aviz as King John I. John was the natural ( illegitimate ) son of King Peter I and Dona Teresa Lourenço , and so was half - brother to the last king of the Portuguese House of Burgundy or Afonsine Dynasty , Ferdinand I of Portugal . The House of Aviz continued to rule Portugal until Philip II of Spain inherited the Portuguese crown with the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 . The descendants of King John I were still also Masters of Aviz , though at times that title passed to one descendant of John and the Crown of Portugal to another . The title of Grand Master of the Order of Aviz was permanently incorporated into the Portuguese Crown toward the end of rule by the House of Aviz , in 1551 .

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Aviz

text: modern

text: Portuguese

text: Avis

text: Portuguese

text: pronunciation

text: vi

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: dynasty

text: of

text: the

text: kings

text: of

text: Portugal

text: In

text: the

text: Interregnum

text: of

text: the

text: crisis

text: ended

text: when

text: the

text: Cortes

text: of

text: Coimbra

text: proclaimed

text: the

text: Master

text: of

text: the

text: monastic

text: military

text: Order

text: of

text: Aviz

text: as

text: King

text: John

text: John

text: was

text: the

text: natural

text: illegitimate

text: son

text: of

text: King

text: Peter

text: and

text: Dona

text: Teresa

text: Lourenço

text: and

text: so

text: was

text: half

text: brother

text: to

text: the

text: last

text: king

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: House

text: of

text: Burgundy

text: or

text: Afonsine

text: Dynasty

text: Ferdinand

text: of

text: Portugal

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Aviz

text: continued

text: to

text: rule

text: Portugal

text: until

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Spain

text: inherited

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: crown

text: with

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: succession

text: crisis

text: of

text: The

text: descendants

text: of

text: King

text: John

text: were

text: still

text: also

text: Masters

text: of

text: Aviz

text: though

text: at

text: times

text: that

text: title

text: passed

text: to

text: one

text: descendant

text: of

text: John

text: and

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: Portugal

text: to

text: another

text: The

text: title

text: of

text: Grand

text: Master

text: of

text: the

text: Order

text: of

text: Aviz

text: was

text: permanently

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Crown

text: toward

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: rule

text: by

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Aviz

text: in

text: The Portuguese Empire, also known as the Portuguese Overseas ("Ultramar Português"), was the first colonial empire, spanning almost six centuries from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the grant of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002. The empire spread throughout a vast number of territories that are now parts of 60 different sovereign states. It was one of the largest empires in history and at the peak of its power, was the first to reach global dimensions through a long network of numerous territories and smaller possessions. Portugal's colonial trade had a substantial positive impact on Portuguese economic growth.

text: The

text: Portuguese

text: Empire

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Overseas

text: Ultramar

text: Português

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: colonial

text: empire

text: spanning

text: almost

text: six

text: centuries

text: from

text: the

text: capture

text: of

text: Ceuta

text: in

text: to

text: the

text: grant

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: to

text: East

text: Timor

text: in

text: The

text: empire

text: spread

text: throughout

text: vast

text: number

text: of

text: territories

text: that

text: are

text: now

text: parts

text: of

text: different

text: sovereign

text: states

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: empires

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: reach

text: global

text: dimensions

text: through

text: long

text: network

text: of

text: numerous

text: territories

text: and

text: smaller

text: possessions

text: Portugal

text: 's

text: colonial

text: trade

text: had

text: substantial

text: positive

text: impact

text: on

text: Portuguese

text: economic

text: growth

text: Philip II of Spain (21 May 1527  13 September 1598), called "the Prudent" (el Prudente), was King of Spain (155698), King of Portugal (158198, as "Philip I", "Filipe I"), King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and during his marriage to Queen Mary I (155458) "jure uxoris" King of England and Ireland. He was also Duke of Milan. From 1555, he was lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands.

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Spain

text: May

text: September

text: called

text: the

text: Prudent

text: el

text: Prudente

text: was

text: King

text: of

text: Spain

text: King

text: of

text: Portugal

text: as

text: Philip

text: Filipe

text: King

text: of

text: Naples

text: and

text: Sicily

text: both

text: from

text: and

text: during

text: his

text: marriage

text: to

text: Queen

text: Mary

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: King

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: Ireland

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: Duke

text: of

text: Milan

text: From

text: he

text: was

text: lord

text: of

text: the

text: Seventeen

text: Provinces

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Roman Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, Nizari Ismailism). In most hereditary monarchies and some elective monarchies (e.g., Holy Roman Empire) there have been no limits on the duration of a sovereign's reign or incumbency, nor is there a term of office. Thus, a reign usually lasts until the monarch dies, unless the monarchy itself is abolished or the monarch abdicates or is deposed.

text: reign

text: is

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: person

text: 's

text: or

text: dynasty

text: 's

text: occupation

text: of

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: monarch

text: of

text: nation

text: e.g.

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Belgium

text: Andorra

text: of

text: people

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Franks

text: the

text: Zulus

text: or

text: of

text: spiritual

text: community

text: e.g.

text: Roman

text: Catholicism

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: Nizari

text: Ismailism

text: In

text: most

text: hereditary

text: monarchies

text: and

text: some

text: elective

text: monarchies

text: e.g.

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: there

text: have

text: been

text: no

text: limits

text: on

text: the

text: duration

text: of

text: sovereign

text: 's

text: reign

text: or

text: incumbency

text: nor

text: is

text: there

text: term

text: of

text: office

text: Thus

text: reign

text: usually

text: lasts

text: until

text: the

text: monarch

text: dies

text: unless

text: the

text: monarchy

text: itself

text: is

text: abolished

text: or

text: the

text: monarch

text: abdicates

text: or

text: is

text: deposed

text: The Iberian Union was the dynastic union of the Crown of Portugal and the Spanish Crown between 1580 and 1640, bringing the entire Iberian Peninsula, as well as Spanish and Portuguese overseas possessions, under the Spanish Habsburg kings Philip II, Philip III and Philip IV of Spain. The union began as a result of the Portuguese crisis of succession and the ensuing War of the Portuguese Succession and lasted 60 years, until the Portuguese Restoration War in which the House of Braganza was established as Portugal's new ruling dynasty.

text: The

text: Iberian

text: Union

text: was

text: the

text: dynastic

text: union

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Crown

text: between

text: and

text: bringing

text: the

text: entire

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: under

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Habsburg

text: kings

text: Philip

text: II

text: Philip

text: III

text: and

text: Philip

text: IV

text: of

text: Spain

text: The

text: union

text: began

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: crisis

text: of

text: succession

text: and

text: the

text: ensuing

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Succession

text: and

text: lasted

text: years

text: until

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Restoration

text: War

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Braganza

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: Portugal

text: 's

text: new

text: ruling

text: dynasty

text: The Netherlands  is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three island territories in the Caribbean. The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, sharing maritime borders with Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Germany. The largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. Amsterdam is the country's capital, while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of government and parliament. The name "Holland" is used to refer informally to the whole of the country of the Netherlands.

text: The

text: Netherlands

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: constituent

text: country

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: It

text: is

text: densely

text: populated

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: with

text: three

text: island

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: The

text: European

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: borders

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Belgium

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: sharing

text: maritime

text: borders

text: with

text: Belgium

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Germany

text: The

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: are

text: Amsterdam

text: Rotterdam

text: The

text: Hague

text: and

text: Utrecht

text: Amsterdam

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: while

text: The

text: Hague

text: holds

text: the

text: Dutch

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: and

text: parliament

text: The

text: name

text: Holland

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: informally

text: to

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one monarch and the next (coming from Latin "inter-", "between" and "rgnum", "reign" [from "rex, rgis", "king"]), and the concepts of interregnum and regency therefore overlap. Historically, the longer and heavier interregna were typically accompanied by widespread unrest, civil and succession wars between warlords, and power vacuums filled by foreign invasions or the emergence of a new power. A failed state is usually in interregnum.

text: An

text: interregnum

text: plural

text: interregna

text: or

text: interregnums

text: is

text: period

text: of

text: discontinuity

text: or

text: gap

text: in

text: government

text: organization

text: or

text: social

text: order

text: Archetypally

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: between

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: one

text: monarch

text: and

text: the

text: next

text: coming

text: from

text: Latin

text: inter-

text: between

text: and

text: rgnum

text: reign

text: from

text: rex

text: rgis

text: king

text: and

text: the

text: concepts

text: of

text: interregnum

text: and

text: regency

text: therefore

text: overlap

text: Historically

text: the

text: longer

text: and

text: heavier

text: interregna

text: were

text: typically

text: accompanied

text: by

text: widespread

text: unrest

text: civil

text: and

text: succession

text: wars

text: between

text: warlords

text: and

text: power

text: vacuums

text: filled

text: by

text: foreign

text: invasions

text: or

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: new

text: power

text: failed

text: state

text: is

text: usually

text: in

text: interregnum

text: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.

text: Spain

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Spain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: largely

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Europe

text: with

text: two

text: large

text: archipelagos

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: off

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: two

text: cities

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: mainland

text: and

text: several

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Alboran

text: Sea

text: near

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: coast

text: Its

text: mainland

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: except

text: for

text: small

text: land

text: boundary

text: with

text: Gibraltar

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: by

text: France

text: Andorra

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: by

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: European

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: border

text: with

text: an

text: African

text: country

text: Morocco

text: and

text: its

text: African

text: territory

text: accounts

text: for

text: nearly

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: A failed state is a political body that has disintegrated to a point where basic conditions and responsibilities of a sovereign government no longer function properly. Likewise, when a nation weakens and its standard of living declines, it introduces the possibility of governmental collapse. The Fund for Peace characterizes a failed state as having the following characteristics:

text: failed

text: state

text: is

text: political

text: body

text: that

text: has

text: disintegrated

text: to

text: point

text: where

text: basic

text: conditions

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: of

text: sovereign

text: government

text: no

text: longer

text: function

text: properly

text: Likewise

text: when

text: nation

text: weakens

text: and

text: its

text: standard

text: of

text: living

text: declines

text: it

text: introduces

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: governmental

text: collapse

text: The

text: Fund

text: for

text: Peace

text: characterizes

text: failed

text: state

text: as

text: having

text: the

text: following

text: characteristics

text: Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of (his) wife". "Jure" is the ablative case of "jus", meaning a legal right. It is most commonly used to refer to a title of nobility held by a man because his wife holds it "suo jure" ("in her own right"). Similarly, the husband of an heiress could become the legal possessor of her lands "jure uxoris", "by right of [his] wife", as in England where, until the Married Women's Property Act 1882, married women were legally incapable of owning real estate. "Jure uxoris" monarchs are not to be confused with kings consort, who were merely consorts of their wives, not co-rulers.

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: is

text: Latin

text: term

text: that

text: means

text: by

text: right

text: of

text: his

text: wife

text: Jure

text: is

text: the

text: ablative

text: case

text: of

text: jus

text: meaning

text: legal

text: right

text: It

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: title

text: of

text: nobility

text: held

text: by

text: man

text: because

text: his

text: wife

text: holds

text: it

text: suo

text: jure

text: in

text: her

text: own

text: right

text: Similarly

text: the

text: husband

text: of

text: an

text: heiress

text: could

text: become

text: the

text: legal

text: possessor

text: of

text: her

text: lands

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: by

text: right

text: of

text: his

text: wife

text: as

text: in

text: England

text: where

text: until

text: the

text: Married

text: Women

text: 's

text: Property

text: Act

text: married

text: women

text: were

text: legally

text: incapable

text: of

text: owning

text: real

text: estate

text: Jure

text: uxoris

text: monarchs

text: are

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: kings

text: consort

text: who

text: were

text: merely

text: consorts

text: of

text: their

text: wives

text: not

text: co

text: rulers

text: The Military Order of Aviz, previously to 1910 "Royal Military Order of Aviz", previously to 1789 "Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz", previously "Knights of St. Benedict of Aviz" or "Friars of Santa Maria of Évora", is a Portuguese Order of Chivalry. It gave its name and coat of arms to the Aviz Dynasty that ruled Portugal between 1385 and 1580.

text: The

text: Military

text: Order

text: of

text: Aviz

text: previously

text: to

text: Royal

text: Military

text: Order

text: of

text: Aviz

text: previously

text: to

text: Order

text: of

text: Saint

text: Benedict

text: of

text: Aviz

text: previously

text: Knights

text: of

text: St.

text: Benedict

text: of

text: Aviz

text: or

text: Friars

text: of

text: Santa

text: Maria

text: of

text: Évora

text: is

text: Portuguese

text: Order

text: of

text: Chivalry

text: It

text: gave

text: its

text: name

text: and

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: to

text: the

text: Aviz

text: Dynasty

text: that

text: ruled

text: Portugal

text: between

text: and

question: has_part house of aviz

answer: house of braganza

text: house of braganza


text: The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is an international professional ice hockey league founded in 2008. It comprises 29 member clubs based in Belarus, China, Croatia, Finland, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Russia, and Slovakia and it is planned to expand to more countries. It is widely considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in Europe and Asia, and second in the world behind the NHL.

text: The

text: Kontinental

text: Hockey

text: League

text: KHL

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: founded

text: in

text: It

text: comprises

text: member

text: clubs

text: based

text: in

text: Belarus

text: China

text: Croatia

text: Finland

text: Kazakhstan

text: Latvia

text: Russia

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: planned

text: to

text: expand

text: to

text: more

text: countries

text: It

text: is

text: widely

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: premier

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: league

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: and

text: second

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: behind

text: the

text: NHL

text: Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: is

text: contact

text: team

text: sport

text: played

text: on

text: ice

text: usually

text: in

text: rink

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: skaters

text: use

text: their

text: sticks

text: to

text: shoot

text: vulcanized

text: rubber

text: puck

text: into

text: their

text: opponent

text: 's

text: net

text: to

text: score

text: points

text: Ice

text: hockey

text: teams

text: usually

text: consist

text: of

text: six

text: players

text: each

text: one

text: goaltender

text: and

text: five

text: players

text: who

text: skate

text: up

text: and

text: down

text: the

text: ice

text: trying

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: puck

text: and

text: score

text: goal

text: against

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: In ice hockey, the goaltender is the player responsible for preventing the hockey puck from entering their team's net, thus preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goaltender usually plays in or near the area in front of the net called the "goal crease" (often referred to simply as " the crease" or "the net"). Goaltenders tend to stay at or beyond the top of the crease to cut down on the angle of shots. In today's age of goaltending there are two common styles, butterfly and hybrid (hybrid is a mix of the traditional stand-up style and butterfly technique). Because of the power of shots, the goaltender wears special equipment designed to protect the body from direct impact. The goalie is one of the most valuable players on the ice, as their performance can greatly change the outcome or score of the game. One-on-one situations, such as breakaways and shootouts, have the tendency to highlight a goaltender's pure skill, or lack thereof. Only one goaltender is allowed to be on the ice for each team at any given time.

text: In

text: ice

text: hockey

text: the

text: goaltender

text: is

text: the

text: player

text: responsible

text: for

text: preventing

text: the

text: hockey

text: puck

text: from

text: entering

text: their

text: team

text: 's

text: net

text: thus

text: preventing

text: the

text: opposing

text: team

text: from

text: scoring

text: The

text: goaltender

text: usually

text: plays

text: in

text: or

text: near

text: the

text: area

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: net

text: called

text: the

text: goal

text: crease

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: the

text: crease

text: or

text: the

text: net

text: Goaltenders

text: tend

text: to

text: stay

text: at

text: or

text: beyond

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: crease

text: to

text: cut

text: down

text: on

text: the

text: angle

text: of

text: shots

text: In

text: today

text: 's

text: age

text: of

text: goaltending

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: common

text: styles

text: butterfly

text: and

text: hybrid

text: hybrid

text: is

text: mix

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: stand

text: up

text: style

text: and

text: butterfly

text: technique

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: shots

text: the

text: goaltender

text: wears

text: special

text: equipment

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: body

text: from

text: direct

text: impact

text: The

text: goalie

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: valuable

text: players

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: as

text: their

text: performance

text: can

text: greatly

text: change

text: the

text: outcome

text: or

text: score

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: One

text: on

text: one

text: situations

text: such

text: as

text: breakaways

text: and

text: shootouts

text: have

text: the

text: tendency

text: to

text: highlight

text: goaltender

text: 's

text: pure

text: skill

text: or

text: lack

text: thereof

text: Only

text: one

text: goaltender

text: is

text: allowed

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: ice

text: for

text: each

text: team

text: at

text: any

text: given

text: time

text: Yekaterinburg, alternatively romanised as "Ekaterinburg", is the fourth-largest city in Russia and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast, located in the middle of the Eurasian continent, on the border of Europe and Asia. At the 2010 Census, it had a population of 1,349,772.

text: Yekaterinburg

text: alternatively

text: romanised

text: as

text: Ekaterinburg

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Russia

text: and

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: Sverdlovsk

text: Oblast

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: Eurasian

text: continent

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: At

text: the

text: Census

text: it

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: Oleg Vladimirovich Kvasha ( Russian :    ; born July 26 , 1978 ) is a Russian professional ice hockey forward currently playing for Barys Astana of the Kontinental Hockey League ( KHL ) .

text: Oleg

text: Vladimirovich

text: Kvasha

text: Russian

text: born

text: July

text: is

text: Russian

text: professional

text: ice

text: hockey

text: forward

text: currently

text: playing

text: for

text: Barys

text: Astana

text: of

text: the

text: Kontinental

text: Hockey

text: League

text: KHL

annotations: follows multiple

question: position_played_on_team_/_speciality oleg kvasha

answer: centre

text: centre


text: Juan Carlos Fresnadillo (born 5 December 1967) is a Spanish film director, script writer, and producer. He directed "Intacto" and "28 Weeks Later", the sequel to Danny Boyle's "28 Days Later". His film "Esposados" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film in 1996.

text: Juan

text: Carlos

text: Fresnadillo

text: born

text: December

text: is

text: Spanish

text: film

text: director

text: script

text: writer

text: and

text: producer

text: He

text: directed

text: Intacto

text: and

text: Weeks

text: Later

text: the

text: sequel

text: to

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: 's

text: Days

text: Later

text: His

text: film

text: Esposados

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Live

text: Action

text: Short

text: Film

text: in

text: 28 Days Later is a 2002 British post-apocalyptic horror film directed by Danny Boyle, written by Alex Garland, and stars Cillian Murphy, Naomie Harris, Brendan Gleeson, Megan Burns, and Christopher Eccleston. The plot depicts the breakdown of society following the accidental release of a highly contagious virus and focuses upon the struggle of four survivors to cope with the destruction of the life they once knew.

text: Days

text: Later

text: is

text: British

text: post

text: apocalyptic

text: horror

text: film

text: directed

text: by

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: written

text: by

text: Alex

text: Garland

text: and

text: stars

text: Cillian

text: Murphy

text: Naomie

text: Harris

text: Brendan

text: Gleeson

text: Megan

text: Burns

text: and

text: Christopher

text: Eccleston

text: The

text: plot

text: depicts

text: the

text: breakdown

text: of

text: society

text: following

text: the

text: accidental

text: release

text: of

text: highly

text: contagious

text: virus

text: and

text: focuses

text: upon

text: the

text: struggle

text: of

text: four

text: survivors

text: to

text: cope

text: with

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: the

text: life

text: they

text: once

text: knew

text: Daniel Francis "Danny" Boyle (born 20 October 1956) is an English film director, producer, screenwriter and theatre director, known for his work on films including "Shallow Grave", "Trainspotting", "The Beach", "28 Days Later", "Sunshine", "Slumdog Millionaire", "127 Hours", and "Steve Jobs". His debut film "Shallow Grave" won the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. Boyle's 2008 film "Slumdog Millionaire" was nominated for ten Academy Awards and won eight, including the Academy Award for Best Director. He also won the Golden Globe and BAFTA Award for Best Director. Boyle was presented with the Extraordinary Contribution to Filmmaking Award at the 2008 Austin Film Festival, where he also introduced that year's AFF Audience Award Winner "Slumdog Millionaire".

text: Daniel

text: Francis

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: born

text: October

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: film

text: director

text: producer

text: screenwriter

text: and

text: theatre

text: director

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: films

text: including

text: Shallow

text: Grave

text: Trainspotting

text: The

text: Beach

text: Days

text: Later

text: Sunshine

text: Slumdog

text: Millionaire

text: Hours

text: and

text: Steve

text: Jobs

text: His

text: debut

text: film

text: Shallow

text: Grave

text: won

text: the

text: BAFTA

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: British

text: Film

text: Boyle

text: 's

text: film

text: Slumdog

text: Millionaire

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: ten

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: and

text: won

text: eight

text: including

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Director

text: He

text: also

text: won

text: the

text: Golden

text: Globe

text: and

text: BAFTA

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Director

text: Boyle

text: was

text: presented

text: with

text: the

text: Extraordinary

text: Contribution

text: to

text: Filmmaking

text: Award

text: at

text: the

text: Austin

text: Film

text: Festival

text: where

text: he

text: also

text: introduced

text: that

text: year

text: 's

text: AFF

text: Audience

text: Award

text: Winner

text: Slumdog

text: Millionaire

text: 127 Hours is a 2010 British-American biographical survival drama film directed, co-written, and produced by Danny Boyle. The film stars James Franco as Aron Ralston. In "127 Hours", canyoneer Aron Ralston becomes trapped by a boulder in an isolated slot canyon in Blue John Canyon, southeastern Utah, in April 2003. It is a British and American venture produced by Everest Entertainment, Film4 Productions, HandMade Films and Cloud Eight Films.

text: Hours

text: is

text: British

text: American

text: biographical

text: survival

text: drama

text: film

text: directed

text: co

text: written

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: The

text: film

text: stars

text: James

text: Franco

text: as

text: Aron

text: Ralston

text: In

text: Hours

text: canyoneer

text: Aron

text: Ralston

text: becomes

text: trapped

text: by

text: boulder

text: in

text: an

text: isolated

text: slot

text: canyon

text: in

text: Blue

text: John

text: Canyon

text: southeastern

text: Utah

text: in

text: April

text: It

text: is

text: British

text: and

text: American

text: venture

text: produced

text: by

text: Everest

text: Entertainment

text: Productions

text: HandMade

text: Films

text: and

text: Cloud

text: Eight

text: Films

text: This name for the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film was introduced in 1974. For the three preceding years it was known as "Short Subjects, Live Action Films". The term "Short Subjects, Live Action Subjects" was used from 1957 until 1970. From 1936 until 1956 there were two separate awards, "Best Short Subject, One-reel" and "Best Short Subject, Two-reel". These categories referred to the running time of the short: a reel of film, in this context, being 1000 feet or less, or about 11 minutes. A third category "Best Short Subject, color" was used only for 1936 and 1937. From the initiation of short subject awards for 1932 until 1935 the terms were "Best Short Subject, comedy" and "Best Short Subject, novelty". Below is a list of Oscar-winning short films. The winning film is listed first, with the other nominated films for that year/category below.

text: This

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Live

text: Action

text: Short

text: Film

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: For

text: the

text: three

text: preceding

text: years

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Short

text: Subjects

text: Live

text: Action

text: Films

text: The

text: term

text: Short

text: Subjects

text: Live

text: Action

text: Subjects

text: was

text: used

text: from

text: until

text: From

text: until

text: there

text: were

text: two

text: separate

text: awards

text: Best

text: Short

text: Subject

text: One

text: reel

text: and

text: Best

text: Short

text: Subject

text: Two

text: reel

text: These

text: categories

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: running

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: short

text: reel

text: of

text: film

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: being

text: feet

text: or

text: less

text: or

text: about

text: minutes

text: third

text: category

text: Best

text: Short

text: Subject

text: color

text: was

text: used

text: only

text: for

text: and

text: From

text: the

text: initiation

text: of

text: short

text: subject

text: awards

text: for

text: until

text: the

text: terms

text: were

text: Best

text: Short

text: Subject

text: comedy

text: and

text: Best

text: Short

text: Subject

text: novelty

text: Below

text: is

text: list

text: of

text: Oscar

text: winning

text: short

text: films

text: The

text: winning

text: film

text: is

text: listed

text: first

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: nominated

text: films

text: for

text: that

text: year

text: category

text: below

text: 28 Weeks Later is a 2007 British - Spanish post-apocalyptic science fiction horror film , structured as a sequel to the critical and commercial success , 28 Days Later ( 2002 ) . 28 Weeks Later was co-written and directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo , with Danny Boyle and Alex Garland , director and writer of 28 Days Later respectively , now acting as executive producers . It was released in the United Kingdom and United States on 11 May 2007 . The on - location filming took place in London and 3 Mills Studios , although scenes intended to be shot at Wembley Stadium , then undergoing final stages of construction , were filmed instead in Wales , with Cardiff 's Millennium Stadium used as a replacement .

text: Weeks

text: Later

text: is

text: British

text: Spanish

text: post

text: apocalyptic

text: science

text: fiction

text: horror

text: film

text: structured

text: as

text: sequel

text: to

text: the

text: critical

text: and

text: commercial

text: success

text: Days

text: Later

text: Weeks

text: Later

text: was

text: co

text: written

text: and

text: directed

text: by

text: Juan

text: Carlos

text: Fresnadillo

text: with

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: and

text: Alex

text: Garland

text: director

text: and

text: writer

text: of

text: Days

text: Later

text: respectively

text: now

text: acting

text: as

text: executive

text: producers

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: on

text: location

text: filming

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: Mills

text: Studios

text: although

text: scenes

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: shot

text: at

text: Wembley

text: Stadium

text: then

text: undergoing

text: final

text: stages

text: of

text: construction

text: were

text: filmed

text: instead

text: in

text: Wales

text: with

text: Cardiff

text: 's

text: Millennium

text: Stadium

text: used

text: as

text: replacement

text: Shallow Grave is a 1994 British black comedy crime film that marked the cinematic directorial debut of Danny Boyle with an original screenplay by John Hodge. The film also provided starring roles for the then relatively little-known actors Ewan McGregor, Christopher Eccleston and Kerry Fox.

text: Shallow

text: Grave

text: is

text: British

text: black

text: comedy

text: crime

text: film

text: that

text: marked

text: the

text: cinematic

text: directorial

text: debut

text: of

text: Danny

text: Boyle

text: with

text: an

text: original

text: screenplay

text: by

text: John

text: Hodge

text: The

text: film

text: also

text: provided

text: starring

text: roles

text: for

text: the

text: then

text: relatively

text: little

text: known

text: actors

text: Ewan

text: McGregor

text: Christopher

text: Eccleston

text: and

text: Kerry

text: Fox

text: Cillian Murphy (born 25 May 1976) is an Irish actor of stage and screen. Since making his debut in his home country in the late 1990s, Murphy has also become a presence in British and American cinemas noted by critics for his performances in many independent and mainstream films. He is best known as Jim in "28 Days Later" (2002), the Scarecrow in The Dark Knight Trilogy (200512), Jackson Rippner in "Red Eye" (2005), Robert Capa in "Sunshine" (2007), Robert Fischer in "Inception" (2010) and Thomas Shelby in the BBC series "Peaky Blinders".

text: Cillian

text: Murphy

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: actor

text: of

text: stage

text: and

text: screen

text: Since

text: making

text: his

text: debut

text: in

text: his

text: home

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Murphy

text: has

text: also

text: become

text: presence

text: in

text: British

text: and

text: American

text: cinemas

text: noted

text: by

text: critics

text: for

text: his

text: performances

text: in

text: many

text: independent

text: and

text: mainstream

text: films

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: as

text: Jim

text: in

text: Days

text: Later

text: the

text: Scarecrow

text: in

text: The

text: Dark

text: Knight

text: Trilogy

text: Jackson

text: Rippner

text: in

text: Red

text: Eye

text: Robert

text: Capa

text: in

text: Sunshine

text: Robert

text: Fischer

text: in

text: Inception

text: and

text: Thomas

text: Shelby

text: in

text: the

text: BBC

text: series

text: Peaky

text: Blinders

annotations: likely single

question: color 28 weeks later

answer: color

text: color


text: A stock market, equity market or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers (a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity) of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include "securities" listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately.

text: stock

text: market

text: equity

text: market

text: or

text: share

text: market

text: is

text: the

text: aggregation

text: of

text: buyers

text: and

text: sellers

text: loose

text: network

text: of

text: economic

text: transactions

text: not

text: physical

text: facility

text: or

text: discrete

text: entity

text: of

text: stocks

text: also

text: called

text: shares

text: which

text: represent

text: ownership

text: claims

text: on

text: businesses

text: these

text: may

text: include

text: securities

text: listed

text: on

text: stock

text: exchange

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: those

text: only

text: traded

text: privately

text: In mathematics, a divisor of an integer formula_1, also called a factor of formula_1, is an integer formula_3 that may be multiplied by some other integer to produce formula_1. In this case one says also that formula_1 is a multiple of formula_6 An integer formula_1 is divisible by another integer formula_3 if formula_3 is a divisor of formula_1; this implies dividing formula_1 by formula_3 leaves no remainder.

text: In

text: mathematics

text: divisor

text: of

text: an

text: integer

text: also

text: called

text: factor

text: of

text: is

text: an

text: integer

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: multiplied

text: by

text: some

text: other

text: integer

text: to

text: produce

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: one

text: says

text: also

text: that

text: is

text: multiple

text: of

text: An

text: integer

text: is

text: divisible

text: by

text: another

text: integer

text: if

text: is

text: divisor

text: of

text: this

text: implies

text: dividing

text: by

text: leaves

text: no

text: remainder

text: The Dow Jones Composite Average is a stock index from Dow Jones Indexes that tracks 65 prominent companies . The average 's components are every stock from the Dow Jones Industrial Average , the Dow Jones Transportation Average , and the Dow Jones Utility Average .

text: The

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Composite

text: Average

text: is

text: stock

text: index

text: from

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Indexes

text: that

text: tracks

text: prominent

text: companies

text: The

text: average

text: 's

text: components

text: are

text: every

text: stock

text: from

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Industrial

text: Average

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Transportation

text: Average

text: and

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Utility

text: Average

text: Charles Henry Dow (November 6, 1851  December 4, 1902) was an American journalist who co-founded Dow Jones & Company with Edward Jones and Charles Bergstresser.

text: Charles

text: Henry

text: Dow

text: November

text: December

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: journalist

text: who

text: co

text: founded

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Company

text: with

text: Edward

text: Jones

text: and

text: Charles

text: Bergstresser

text: The Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA, also called the "Dow Jones Transports") is a U.S. stock market index from S&P Dow Jones Indices of the transportation sector, and is the most widely recognized gauge of the American transportation sector. It is the oldest stock index still in use, even older than its better-known relative, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA).

text: The

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Transportation

text: Average

text: DJTA

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Transports

text: is

text: U.S.

text: stock

text: market

text: index

text: from

text: S&P

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Indices

text: of

text: the

text: transportation

text: sector

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: recognized

text: gauge

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: transportation

text: sector

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: stock

text: index

text: still

text: in

text: use

text: even

text: older

text: than

text: its

text: better

text: known

text: relative

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Industrial

text: Average

text: DJIA

text: A stock split or stock divide increases the number of shares in a company. The price is adjusted such that the before and after market capitalization of the company remains the same and dilution does not occur. Options and warrants are included.

text: stock

text: split

text: or

text: stock

text: divide

text: increases

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: shares

text: in

text: company

text: The

text: price

text: is

text: adjusted

text: such

text: that

text: the

text: before

text: and

text: after

text: market

text: capitalization

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: remains

text: the

text: same

text: and

text: dilution

text: does

text: not

text: occur

text: Options

text: and

text: warrants

text: are

text: included

text: Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations. Transport is important because it enables trade between people, which is essential for the development of civilizations.

text: Transport

text: or

text: transportation

text: is

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: animals

text: and

text: goods

text: from

text: one

text: location

text: to

text: another

text: Modes

text: of

text: transport

text: include

text: air

text: rail

text: road

text: water

text: cable

text: pipeline

text: and

text: space

text: The

text: field

text: can

text: be

text: divided

text: into

text: infrastructure

text: vehicles

text: and

text: operations

text: Transport

text: is

text: important

text: because

text: it

text: enables

text: trade

text: between

text: people

text: which

text: is

text: essential

text: for

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: civilizations

text: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. It is computed from the prices of selected stocks (typically a weighted average). It is a tool used by investors and financial managers to describe the market, and to compare the return on specific investments.

text: stock

text: index

text: or

text: stock

text: market

text: index

text: is

text: measurement

text: of

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: stock

text: market

text: It

text: is

text: computed

text: from

text: the

text: prices

text: of

text: selected

text: stocks

text: typically

text: weighted

text: average

text: It

text: is

text: tool

text: used

text: by

text: investors

text: and

text: financial

text: managers

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: market

text: and

text: to

text: compare

text: the

text: return

text: on

text: specific

text: investments

text: The Dow Jones Utility Average (also known as the "Dow Jones Utilities") is a stock index from Dow Jones Indexes that keeps track of the performance of 15 prominent utility companies.

text: The

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Utility

text: Average

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Utilities

text: is

text: stock

text: index

text: from

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Indexes

text: that

text: keeps

text: track

text: of

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: prominent

text: utility

text: companies

text:
The Dow Jones Industrial Average , also called DJIA, the Industrial Average, the Dow Jones, the Dow Jones Industrial, ^DJI, the Dow 30 or simply the Dow, is a stock market index, and one of several indices created by "Wall Street Journal" editor and Dow Jones & Company co-founder Charles Dow. The industrial average was first calculated on May 26, 1896. Currently owned by S&P Dow Jones Indices, which is majority owned by S&P Global, it is the most notable of the Dow Averages, of which the first (non-industrial) was first published on February 16, 1885. The averages are named after Dow and one of his business associates, statistician Edward Jones. It is an index that shows how 30 large publicly owned companies based in the United States have traded during a standard trading session in the stock market. It is the second-oldest U.S. market index after the Dow Jones Transportation Average, which was also created by Dow.
The "Industrial" portion of the name is largely historical, as many of the modern 30 components have little or nothing to do with traditional heavy industry. The average is price-weighted, and to compensate for the effects of stock splits and other adjustments, it is currently a scaled average. The value of the Dow is not the actual average of the prices of its component stocks, but rather the sum of the component prices divided by a divisor, which changes whenever one of the component stocks has a stock split or stock dividend, so as to generate a consistent value for the index. Since the divisor is currently less than one, the value of the index is larger than the sum of the component prices. Although the Dow is compiled to gauge the performance of the industrial sector within the American economy, the index's performance continues to be influenced by not only corporate and economic reports, but also by domestic and foreign political events such as war and terrorism, as well as by natural disasters that could potentially lead to economic harm.

text: The

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Industrial

text: Average

text: also

text: called

text: DJIA

text: the

text: Industrial

text: Average

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Industrial

text: ^DJI

text: the

text: Dow

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: Dow

text: is

text: stock

text: market

text: index

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: indices

text: created

text: by

text: Wall

text: Street

text: Journal

text: editor

text: and

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Company

text: co

text: founder

text: Charles

text: Dow

text: The

text: industrial

text: average

text: was

text: first

text: calculated

text: on

text: May

text: Currently

text: owned

text: by

text: S&P

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Indices

text: which

text: is

text: majority

text: owned

text: by

text: S&P

text: Global

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: notable

text: of

text: the

text: Dow

text: Averages

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: first

text: non

text: industrial

text: was

text: first

text: published

text: on

text: February

text: The

text: averages

text: are

text: named

text: after

text: Dow

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: business

text: associates

text: statistician

text: Edward

text: Jones

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: index

text: that

text: shows

text: how

text: large

text: publicly

text: owned

text: companies

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: have

text: traded

text: during

text: standard

text: trading

text: session

text: in

text: the

text: stock

text: market

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: oldest

text: U.S.

text: market

text: index

text: after

text: the

text: Dow

text: Jones

text: Transportation

text: Average

text: which

text: was

text: also

text: created

text: by

text: Dow

text: The

text: Industrial

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: is

text: largely

text: historical

text: as

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: components

text: have

text: little

text: or

text: nothing

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: traditional

text: heavy

text: industry

text: The

text: average

text: is

text: price

text: weighted

text: and

text: to

text: compensate

text: for

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: stock

text: splits

text: and

text: other

text: adjustments

text: it

text: is

text: currently

text: scaled

text: average

text: The

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: Dow

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: actual

text: average

text: of

text: the

text: prices

text: of

text: its

text: component

text: stocks

text: but

text: rather

text: the

text: sum

text: of

text: the

text: component

text: prices

text: divided

text: by

text: divisor

text: which

text: changes

text: whenever

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: component

text: stocks

text: has

text: stock

text: split

text: or

text: stock

text: dividend

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: generate

text: consistent

text: value

text: for

text: the

text: index

text: Since

text: the

text: divisor

text: is

text: currently

text: less

text: than

text: one

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: index

text: is

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: sum

text: of

text: the

text: component

text: prices

text: Although

text: the

text: Dow

text: is

text: compiled

text: to

text: gauge

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: the

text: industrial

text: sector

text: within

text: the

text: American

text: economy

text: the

text: index

text: 's

text: performance

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: influenced

text: by

text: not

text: only

text: corporate

text: and

text: economic

text: reports

text: but

text: also

text: by

text: domestic

text: and

text: foreign

text: political

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: war

text: and

text: terrorism

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: natural

text: disasters

text: that

text: could

text: potentially

text: lead

text: to

text: economic

text: harm

question: instance_of dow jones composite average

answer: stock market index

text: stock market index

text: stock market index

text: stock market index