text: The National Autonomous University of Mexico (Spanish: "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, - literal translation: Autonomous National University of Mexico", UNAM) is the largest university in Latin America. As a public research university in Mexico City, the UNAM is widely regarded by many university world rankings as the leading university of the Spanish-speaking world. UNAM was founded, in its modern form, on 22 September 1910 by Justo Sierra as a liberal alternative to its preceding institution the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico (founded on 21 September 1551 by a royal decree of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and brought to a definitive closure in 1865 by Maximilian I of Mexico). To this date, the National Autonomous University of Mexico owns and uses for academic activities the old buildings located in downtown Mexico City that once belonged to the old Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico. UNAM's autonomy, granted in 1929, has given it the freedom to define its own curriculum and manage its own budget without interference from the government. This has had a profound effect on academic life at the university, which some claim boosts academic freedom and independence.

text: The

text: National

text: Autonomous

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Spanish

text: Universidad

text: Nacional

text: Autónoma

text: de

text: México

text: literal

text: translation

text: Autonomous

text: National

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: UNAM

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: university

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: As

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: the

text: UNAM

text: is

text: widely

text: regarded

text: by

text: many

text: university

text: world

text: rankings

text: as

text: the

text: leading

text: university

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: speaking

text: world

text: UNAM

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: its

text: modern

text: form

text: on

text: September

text: by

text: Justo

text: Sierra

text: as

text: liberal

text: alternative

text: to

text: its

text: preceding

text: institution

text: the

text: Royal

text: and

text: Pontifical

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: founded

text: on

text: September

text: by

text: royal

text: decree

text: of

text: Charles

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Emperor

text: and

text: brought

text: to

text: definitive

text: closure

text: in

text: by

text: Maximilian

text: of

text: Mexico

text: To

text: this

text: date

text: the

text: National

text: Autonomous

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: owns

text: and

text: uses

text: for

text: academic

text: activities

text: the

text: old

text: buildings

text: located

text: in

text: downtown

text: Mexico

text: City

text: that

text: once

text: belonged

text: to

text: the

text: old

text: Royal

text: and

text: Pontifical

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: UNAM

text: 's

text: autonomy

text: granted

text: in

text: has

text: given

text: it

text: the

text: freedom

text: to

text: define

text: its

text: own

text: curriculum

text: and

text: manage

text: its

text: own

text: budget

text: without

text: interference

text: from

text: the

text: government

text: This

text: has

text: had

text: profound

text: effect

text: on

text: academic

text: life

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: which

text: some

text: claim

text: boosts

text: academic

text: freedom

text: and

text: independence

text: The Sistema Nacional de Creadores de Arte (SNCA; "national system of art creators") is a Mexican art association of the Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, that was founded per presidential decree of September 3, 1993. Aim is the advancement and acceptance of creative activities as an essential part of national identity and appreciation. The associations contains several notable artists and scientists, who rendered outstanding services by their work to the creative identity of Mexico.

text: The

text: Sistema

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Creadores

text: de

text: Arte

text: SNCA

text: national

text: system

text: of

text: art

text: creators

text: is

text: Mexican

text: art

text: association

text: of

text: the

text: Consejo

text: Nacional

text: para

text: la

text: Cultura

text: las

text: Artes

text: that

text: was

text: founded

text: per

text: presidential

text: decree

text: of

text: September

text: Aim

text: is

text: the

text: advancement

text: and

text: acceptance

text: of

text: creative

text: activities

text: as

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: national

text: identity

text: and

text: appreciation

text: The

text: associations

text: contains

text: several

text: notable

text: artists

text: and

text: scientists

text: who

text: rendered

text: outstanding

text: services

text: by

text: their

text: work

text: to

text: the

text: creative

text: identity

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Mexico City, officially City of Mexico (, ; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital and most populous city of the United Mexican States. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico ("Valle de México"), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of . The city consists of sixteen municipalities (previously called boroughs).

text: Mexico

text: City

text: officially

text: City

text: of

text: Mexico

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: CDMX

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Mexican

text: States

text: As

text: an

text: alpha

text: global

text: city

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: financial

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Valley

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Valle

text: de

text: México

text: large

text: valley

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: plateaus

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Mexico

text: at

text: an

text: altitude

text: of

text: The

text: city

text: consists

text: of

text: sixteen

text: municipalities

text: previously

text: called

text: boroughs

text: Gilberto Aceves Navarro , full name Gilberto Horacio Pafnuncio Aceves Navarro , ( born September 24 , 1931 in Mexico City ) is a Mexican painter and sculptor and a professor at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas and Academy of San Carlos . He has had over 200 individual exhibits of his work with his murals found in Mexico , Japan and the United States . He has received numerous awards for his work including grants as a Creador Artístico of the Sistema Nacional de Creadores de Arte , Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes and Bellas Artes Medal from the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes .

text: Gilberto

text: Aceves

text: Navarro

text: full

text: name

text: Gilberto

text: Horacio

text: Pafnuncio

text: Aceves

text: Navarro

text: born

text: September

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: Mexican

text: painter

text: and

text: sculptor

text: and

text: professor

text: at

text: the

text: Escuela

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Artes

text: Plásticas

text: and

text: Academy

text: of

text: San

text: Carlos

text: He

text: has

text: had

text: over

text: individual

text: exhibits

text: of

text: his

text: work

text: with

text: his

text: murals

text: found

text: in

text: Mexico

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: He

text: has

text: received

text: numerous

text: awards

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: including

text: grants

text: as

text: Creador

text: Artístico

text: of

text: the

text: Sistema

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Creadores

text: de

text: Arte

text: Premio

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Ciencias

text: Artes

text: and

text: Bellas

text: Artes

text: Medal

text: from

text: the

text: Instituto

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Bellas

text: Artes

text: The Academy of San Carlos is located at 22 Academia Street in just northeast of the main plaza of Mexico City. It was the first major art academy and the first art museum in the Americas. It was founded in 1781 as the School of Engraving and moved to the Academia Street location about 10 years later. It emphasized classical European training until the early 20th century, when it shifted to a more modern perspective. At this time, it also integrated with the National Autonomous University of Mexico, eventually becoming the Faculty of Arts and Design, which is based in Xochimilco. Currently, only graduate courses of the modern school are given in the original academy building.

text: The

text: Academy

text: of

text: San

text: Carlos

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: Academia

text: Street

text: in

text: just

text: northeast

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: plaza

text: of

text: Mexico

text: City

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: art

text: academy

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: art

text: museum

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Engraving

text: and

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: Academia

text: Street

text: location

text: about

text: years

text: later

text: It

text: emphasized

text: classical

text: European

text: training

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: when

text: it

text: shifted

text: to

text: more

text: modern

text: perspective

text: At

text: this

text: time

text: it

text: also

text: integrated

text: with

text: the

text: National

text: Autonomous

text: University

text: of

text: Mexico

text: eventually

text: becoming

text: the

text: Faculty

text: of

text: Arts

text: and

text: Design

text: which

text: is

text: based

text: in

text: Xochimilco

text: Currently

text: only

text: graduate

text: courses

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: school

text: are

text: given

text: in

text: the

text: original

text: academy

text: building

text: Mexico (, modern Nahuatl ), officially the United Mexican States, is a federal republic in the southern half of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 120 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world while being the second most populous country in Latin America. Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a federal district that is also its capital and most populous city. Other metropolises include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana and León.

text: Mexico

text: modern

text: Nahuatl

text: officially

text: the

text: United

text: Mexican

text: States

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: by

text: Guatemala

text: Belize

text: and

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Covering

text: almost

text: two

text: million

text: square

text: kilometers

text: over

text: sq

text: mi

text: Mexico

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: independent

text: nation

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: eleventh

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: Spanish

text: speaking

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: while

text: being

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: Mexico

text: is

text: federation

text: comprising

text: states

text: and

text: federal

text: district

text: that

text: is

text: also

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Guadalajara

text: Monterrey

text: Puebla

text: Toluca

text: Tijuana

text: and

text: León

candidates: national autonomous university of mexico

question: employer gilberto aceves navarro

answer: national autonomous university of mexico

text: national autonomous university of mexico

text: national autonomous university of mexico

text: national autonomous university of mexico


text: Life is a characteristic distinguishing physical entities having biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate. Various forms of life exist, such as plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria. The criteria can at times be ambiguous and may or may not define viruses, viroids, or potential artificial life as "living". Biology is the primary science concerned with the study of life, although many other sciences are involved.

text: Life

text: is

text: characteristic

text: distinguishing

text: physical

text: entities

text: having

text: biological

text: processes

text: such

text: as

text: signaling

text: and

text: self

text: sustaining

text: processes

text: from

text: those

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: either

text: because

text: such

text: functions

text: have

text: ceased

text: or

text: because

text: they

text: never

text: had

text: such

text: functions

text: and

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: inanimate

text: Various

text: forms

text: of

text: life

text: exist

text: such

text: as

text: plants

text: animals

text: fungi

text: protists

text: archaea

text: and

text: bacteria

text: The

text: criteria

text: can

text: at

text: times

text: be

text: ambiguous

text: and

text: may

text: or

text: may

text: not

text: define

text: viruses

text: viroids

text: or

text: potential

text: artificial

text: life

text: as

text: living

text: Biology

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: science

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: life

text: although

text: many

text: other

text: sciences

text: are

text: involved

text: Point of sail is a term used to describe a sailing boat's orientation in relation to the current wind direction.

text: Point

text: of

text: sail

text: is

text: term

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: sailing

text: boat

text: 's

text: orientation

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: the

text: current

text: wind

text: direction

text: A rudder is a primary control surface used to steer a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, aircraft, or other conveyance that moves through a fluid medium (generally air or water). On an aircraft the rudder is used primarily to counter adverse yaw and p-factor and is not the primary control used to turn the airplane. A rudder operates by redirecting the fluid past the hull (watercraft) or fuselage, thus imparting a turning or yawing motion to the craft. In basic form, a rudder is a flat plane or sheet of material attached with hinges to the craft's stern, tail, or after end. Often rudders are shaped so as to minimize hydrodynamic or aerodynamic drag. On simple watercraft, a tilleressentially, a stick or pole acting as a lever armmay be attached to the top of the rudder to allow it to be turned by a helmsman. In larger vessels, cables, pushrods, or hydraulics may be used to link rudders to steering wheels. In typical aircraft, the rudder is operated by pedals via mechanical linkages or hydraulics.

text: rudder

text: is

text: primary

text: control

text: surface

text: used

text: to

text: steer

text: ship

text: boat

text: submarine

text: hovercraft

text: aircraft

text: or

text: other

text: conveyance

text: that

text: moves

text: through

text: fluid

text: medium

text: generally

text: air

text: or

text: water

text: On

text: an

text: aircraft

text: the

text: rudder

text: is

text: used

text: primarily

text: to

text: counter

text: adverse

text: yaw

text: and

text: factor

text: and

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: primary

text: control

text: used

text: to

text: turn

text: the

text: airplane

text: rudder

text: operates

text: by

text: redirecting

text: the

text: fluid

text: past

text: the

text: hull

text: watercraft

text: or

text: fuselage

text: thus

text: imparting

text: turning

text: or

text: yawing

text: motion

text: to

text: the

text: craft

text: In

text: basic

text: form

text: rudder

text: is

text: flat

text: plane

text: or

text: sheet

text: of

text: material

text: attached

text: with

text: hinges

text: to

text: the

text: craft

text: 's

text: stern

text: tail

text: or

text: after

text: end

text: Often

text: rudders

text: are

text: shaped

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: minimize

text: hydrodynamic

text: or

text: aerodynamic

text: drag

text: On

text: simple

text: watercraft

text: tilleressentially

text: stick

text: or

text: pole

text: acting

text: as

text: lever

text: armmay

text: be

text: attached

text: to

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: rudder

text: to

text: allow

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: turned

text: by

text: helmsman

text: In

text: larger

text: vessels

text: cables

text: pushrods

text: or

text: hydraulics

text: may

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: link

text: rudders

text: to

text: steering

text: wheels

text: In

text: typical

text: aircraft

text: the

text: rudder

text: is

text: operated

text: by

text: pedals

text: via

text: mechanical

text: linkages

text: or

text: hydraulics

text: An airfoil (in American English) or aerofoil (in British English) is the shape of a wing, blade (of a propeller, rotor, or turbine), or sail (as seen in cross-section).

text: An

text: airfoil

text: in

text: American

text: English

text: or

text: aerofoil

text: in

text: British

text: English

text: is

text: the

text: shape

text: of

text: wing

text: blade

text: of

text: propeller

text: rotor

text: or

text: turbine

text: or

text: sail

text: as

text: seen

text: in

text: cross

text: section

text: Sailing comprises wind propulsion of a craft by means of sails or other airfoils and steering it over water, ice or land, depending on the type of craft. A sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails by adjusting their angle with respect to the moving sailing craft and sometimes by adjusting the sail area. The force transmitted from the sails is resisted by forces from the hull, keel, and rudder of a sailing craft, by forces from skate runners for an iceboat, and by forces from wheels for a land sailing craft to allow steering a course on a point of sail with respect to the true wind.

text: Sailing

text: comprises

text: wind

text: propulsion

text: of

text: craft

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: sails

text: or

text: other

text: airfoils

text: and

text: steering

text: it

text: over

text: water

text: ice

text: or

text: land

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: craft

text: sailor

text: manages

text: the

text: force

text: of

text: the

text: wind

text: on

text: the

text: sails

text: by

text: adjusting

text: their

text: angle

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: the

text: moving

text: sailing

text: craft

text: and

text: sometimes

text: by

text: adjusting

text: the

text: sail

text: area

text: The

text: force

text: transmitted

text: from

text: the

text: sails

text: is

text: resisted

text: by

text: forces

text: from

text: the

text: hull

text: keel

text: and

text: rudder

text: of

text: sailing

text: craft

text: by

text: forces

text: from

text: skate

text: runners

text: for

text: an

text: iceboat

text: and

text: by

text: forces

text: from

text: wheels

text: for

text: land

text: sailing

text: craft

text: to

text: allow

text: steering

text: course

text: on

text: point

text: of

text: sail

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: the

text: true

text: wind

text: The Biskop Hvoslef is a veteran Norwegian sailing vessel built in 1933 that was used in search and rescue by the Redningsselskapet ( Norwegian Society for Rescue at Sea ) on the Norwegian coast between 1933 and 1969 . It is now a privately owned vessel .

text: The

text: Biskop

text: Hvoslef

text: is

text: veteran

text: Norwegian

text: sailing

text: vessel

text: built

text: in

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: search

text: and

text: rescue

text: by

text: the

text: Redningsselskapet

text: Norwegian

text: Society

text: for

text: Rescue

text: at

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: Norwegian

text: coast

text: between

text: and

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: privately

text: owned

text: vessel

text: Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale. On the surface of the Earth, wind consists of the bulk movement of air. In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or charged particles from the Sun through space, while planetary wind is the outgassing of light chemical elements from a planet's atmosphere into space. Winds are commonly classified by their spatial scale, their speed, the types of forces that cause them, the regions in which they occur, and their effect. The strongest observed winds on a planet in the Solar System occur on Neptune and Saturn. Winds have various aspects, an important one being its velocity; another the density of the gas involved; another its energy content or wind energy.

text: Wind

text: is

text: the

text: flow

text: of

text: gases

text: on

text: large

text: scale

text: On

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: wind

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: bulk

text: movement

text: of

text: air

text: In

text: outer

text: space

text: solar

text: wind

text: is

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: gases

text: or

text: charged

text: particles

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: through

text: space

text: while

text: planetary

text: wind

text: is

text: the

text: outgassing

text: of

text: light

text: chemical

text: elements

text: from

text: planet

text: 's

text: atmosphere

text: into

text: space

text: Winds

text: are

text: commonly

text: classified

text: by

text: their

text: spatial

text: scale

text: their

text: speed

text: the

text: types

text: of

text: forces

text: that

text: cause

text: them

text: the

text: regions

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: occur

text: and

text: their

text: effect

text: The

text: strongest

text: observed

text: winds

text: on

text: planet

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: occur

text: on

text: Neptune

text: and

text: Saturn

text: Winds

text: have

text: various

text: aspects

text: an

text: important

text: one

text: being

text: its

text: velocity

text: another

text: the

text: density

text: of

text: the

text: gas

text: involved

text: another

text: its

text: energy

text: content

text: or

text: wind

text: energy

text: On boats and ships, keel can refer to either of two parts: a structural element that sometimes resembles a fin and protrudes below a boat along the central line, or a hydrodynamic element. These parts overlap. As the laying down of the keel is the initial step in the construction of a ship, in British and American shipbuilding traditions the construction is dated from this event. Only the ship's launching is considered more significant in its creation.

text: On

text: boats

text: and

text: ships

text: keel

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: either

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: structural

text: element

text: that

text: sometimes

text: resembles

text: fin

text: and

text: protrudes

text: below

text: boat

text: along

text: the

text: central

text: line

text: or

text: hydrodynamic

text: element

text: These

text: parts

text: overlap

text: As

text: the

text: laying

text: down

text: of

text: the

text: keel

text: is

text: the

text: initial

text: step

text: in

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: ship

text: in

text: British

text: and

text: American

text: shipbuilding

text: traditions

text: the

text: construction

text: is

text: dated

text: from

text: this

text: event

text: Only

text: the

text: ship

text: 's

text: launching

text: is

text: considered

text: more

text: significant

text: in

text: its

text: creation

text: Rescue comprises responsive operations that usually involve the saving of life, or prevention of injury during an incident or dangerous situation.

text: Rescue

text: comprises

text: responsive

text: operations

text: that

text: usually

text: involve

text: the

text: saving

text: of

text: life

text: or

text: prevention

text: of

text: injury

text: during

text: an

text: incident

text: or

text: dangerous

text: situation

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: instance_of biskop hvoslef

answer: ship

text: ship

text: ship

text: ship


text:
Greece (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe.
Greece's population is approximately 10.955 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

text: Greece

text: officially

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Republic

text: Greek

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hellas

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: Greece

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: approximately

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Thessaloniki

text: Japan ("Nippon" or "Nihon" ; formally "" or "Nihon-koku", means "State of Japan") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest.

text: Japan

text: Nippon

text: or

text: Nihon

text: formally

text: or

text: Nihon

text: koku

text: means

text: State

text: of

text: Japan

text: is

text: sovereign

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Asia

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: lying

text: off

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Asia

text: Mainland

text: east

text: of

text: China

text: Korea

text: Russia

text: and

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Okhotsk

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: East

text: China

text: Sea

text: and

text: near

text: Taiwan

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: Doom metal is an extreme style of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics intend to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal with songs such as "Black Sabbath", "Children of the Grave", "Electric Funeral" and "Into the Void". During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands from England (Pagan Altar, Witchfinder General), the United States (Pentagram, Saint Vitus, Trouble) and Sweden (Candlemass, Count Raven) defined doom metal as a distinct genre.

text: Doom

text: metal

text: is

text: an

text: extreme

text: style

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: music

text: that

text: typically

text: uses

text: slower

text: tempos

text: low

text: tuned

text: guitars

text: and

text: much

text: thicker

text: or

text: heavier

text: sound

text: than

text: other

text: metal

text: genres

text: Both

text: the

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: lyrics

text: intend

text: to

text: evoke

text: sense

text: of

text: despair

text: dread

text: and

text: impending

text: doom

text: The

text: genre

text: is

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: work

text: of

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: who

text: formed

text: prototype

text: for

text: doom

text: metal

text: with

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Black

text: Sabbath

text: Children

text: of

text: the

text: Grave

text: Electric

text: Funeral

text: and

text: Into

text: the

text: Void

text: During

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: bands

text: from

text: England

text: Pagan

text: Altar

text: Witchfinder

text: General

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Pentagram

text: Saint

text: Vitus

text: Trouble

text: and

text: Sweden

text: Candlemass

text: Count

text: Raven

text: defined

text: doom

text: metal

text: as

text: distinct

text: genre

text: Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. As the world's fifth-largest country by both area and population, it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3% of the continent's land area. Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries, and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection.

text: Brazil

text: officially

text: the

text: Federative

text: Republic

text: of

text: Brazil

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: both

text: South

text: America

text: and

text: Latin

text: America

text: As

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fifth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: both

text: area

text: and

text: population

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: Portuguese

text: as

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: Bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: Brazil

text: has

text: coastline

text: of

text: It

text: borders

text: all

text: other

text: South

text: American

text: countries

text: except

text: Ecuador

text: and

text: Chile

text: and

text: covers

text: of

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: land

text: area

text: Its

text: Amazon

text: River

text: basin

text: includes

text: vast

text: tropical

text: forest

text: home

text: to

text: diverse

text: wildlife

text: variety

text: of

text: ecological

text: systems

text: and

text: extensive

text: natural

text: resources

text: spanning

text: numerous

text: protected

text: habitats

text: This

text: unique

text: environmental

text: heritage

text: makes

text: Brazil

text: one

text: of

text: megadiverse

text: countries

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: significant

text: global

text: interest

text: and

text: debate

text: regarding

text: deforestation

text: and

text: environmental

text: protection

text: Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as "lo Stivale" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.

text: Italy

text: officially

text: the

text: Italian

text: Republic

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Europe

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Italy

text: shares

text: open

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: France

text: Switzerland

text: Austria

text: Slovenia

text: San

text: Marino

text: and

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Italy

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: and

text: Mediterranean

text: climate

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: shape

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: Italy

text: as

text: lo

text: Stivale

text: the

text: Boot

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: populous

text: EU

text: member

text: state

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text:
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a federal republic in the southern half of South America. Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west, the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north, Brazil to the northeast, Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. With a mainland area of , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world, the second largest in Latin America, and the largest Spanish-speaking one. The country is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (singular "provincia") and one autonomous city ("ciudad autónoma"), Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation as decided by Congress.
The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system.

text: Argentina

text: officially

text: the

text: Argentine

text: Republic

text: is

text: federal

text: republic

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: South

text: America

text: Sharing

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Cone

text: with

text: its

text: neighbor

text: Chile

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: also

text: bordered

text: by

text: Bolivia

text: and

text: Paraguay

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Brazil

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Uruguay

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Drake

text: Passage

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: With

text: mainland

text: area

text: of

text: Argentina

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: Spanish

text: speaking

text: one

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: subdivided

text: into

text: twenty

text: three

text: provinces

text: singular

text: provincia

text: and

text: one

text: autonomous

text: city

text: ciudad

text: autónoma

text: Buenos

text: Aires

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: federal

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: as

text: decided

text: by

text: Congress

text: The

text: provinces

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: constitutions

text: but

text: exist

text: under

text: federal

text: system

text: Scandinavia is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages.

text: Scandinavia

text: is

text: historical

text: and

text: cultural

text: region

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: characterized

text: by

text: common

text: ethnocultural

text: North

text: Germanic

text: heritage

text: and

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: North

text: Germanic

text: languages

text: HammerFall is a Swedish heavy metal band from Gothenburg, Sweden. The band was formed in 1993 by ex-Ceremonial Oath guitarist Oscar Dronjak.

text: HammerFall

text: is

text: Swedish

text: heavy

text: metal

text: band

text: from

text: Gothenburg

text: Sweden

text: The

text: band

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: by

text: ex

text: Ceremonial

text: Oath

text: guitarist

text: Oscar

text: Dronjak

text: Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal combining characteristics of traditional metal with speed metal, often within symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a more uplifting sound, instead of the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in styles such as doom metal and death metal. Power metal bands usually have anthem-like songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound. The term was first used in the middle of the 1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first pioneered and largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal, and a later more widespread and popular style based in Europe (especially Scandinavia, Germany, Greece and Italy), South America (especially Brazil and Argentina) and Japan, with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.

text: Power

text: metal

text: is

text: subgenre

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: combining

text: characteristics

text: of

text: traditional

text: metal

text: with

text: speed

text: metal

text: often

text: within

text: symphonic

text: context

text: Generally

text: power

text: metal

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: more

text: uplifting

text: sound

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: heaviness

text: and

text: dissonance

text: prevalent

text: in

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: doom

text: metal

text: and

text: death

text: metal

text: Power

text: metal

text: bands

text: usually

text: have

text: anthem

text: like

text: songs

text: with

text: fantasy

text: based

text: subject

text: matter

text: and

text: strong

text: choruses

text: thus

text: creating

text: theatrical

text: dramatic

text: and

text: emotionally

text: powerful

text: sound

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: first

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: refers

text: to

text: two

text: different

text: but

text: related

text: styles

text: the

text: first

text: pioneered

text: and

text: largely

text: practiced

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: with

text: harder

text: sound

text: similar

text: to

text: speed

text: metal

text: and

text: later

text: more

text: widespread

text: and

text: popular

text: style

text: based

text: in

text: Europe

text: especially

text: Scandinavia

text: Germany

text: Greece

text: and

text: Italy

text: South

text: America

text: especially

text: Brazil

text: and

text: Argentina

text: and

text: Japan

text: with

text: lighter

text: more

text: melodic

text: sound

text: and

text: frequent

text: use

text: of

text: keyboards

text: Speed metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that originated in the late 1970s from new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) roots. It is described by AllMusic as "extremely fast, abrasive, and technically demanding" music.

text: Speed

text: metal

text: is

text: an

text: extreme

text: subgenre

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: from

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: British

text: heavy

text: metal

text: NWOBHM

text: roots

text: It

text: is

text: described

text: by

text: AllMusic

text: as

text: extremely

text: fast

text: abrasive

text: and

text: technically

text: demanding

text: music

text: Death metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. It typically employs heavily distorted and low-tuned guitars, played with techniques such as palm muting and tremolo picking, deep growling vocals and screams, aggressive, powerful drumming featuring double kick or blast beat techniques, minor keys or atonality, abrupt tempo, key, and time signature changes and chromatic chord progressions. The lyrical themes of death metal may invoke slasher film-stylized violence, religion (sometimes Satanism), occultism, Lovecraftian horror, nature, mysticism, mythology, philosophy, science fiction, and politics, and they may describe extreme acts, including mutilation, dissection, torture, rape, cannibalism, and necrophilia.

text: Death

text: metal

text: is

text: an

text: extreme

text: subgenre

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: music

text: It

text: typically

text: employs

text: heavily

text: distorted

text: and

text: low

text: tuned

text: guitars

text: played

text: with

text: techniques

text: such

text: as

text: palm

text: muting

text: and

text: tremolo

text: picking

text: deep

text: growling

text: vocals

text: and

text: screams

text: aggressive

text: powerful

text: drumming

text: featuring

text: double

text: kick

text: or

text: blast

text: beat

text: techniques

text: minor

text: keys

text: or

text: atonality

text: abrupt

text: tempo

text: key

text: and

text: time

text: signature

text: changes

text: and

text: chromatic

text: chord

text: progressions

text: The

text: lyrical

text: themes

text: of

text: death

text: metal

text: may

text: invoke

text: slasher

text: film

text: stylized

text: violence

text: religion

text: sometimes

text: Satanism

text: occultism

text: Lovecraftian

text: horror

text: nature

text: mysticism

text: mythology

text: philosophy

text: science

text: fiction

text: and

text: politics

text: and

text: they

text: may

text: describe

text: extreme

text: acts

text: including

text: mutilation

text: dissection

text: torture

text: rape

text: cannibalism

text: and

text: necrophilia

text: Nuclear Blast is an independent record label and mail order record distributor with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. The record label was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Germany. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums.

text: Nuclear

text: Blast

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: and

text: mail

text: order

text: record

text: distributor

text: with

text: subsidiaries

text: in

text: Germany

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Brazil

text: The

text: record

text: label

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Markus

text: Staiger

text: in

text: Germany

text: Originally

text: releasing

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: records

text: the

text: label

text: moved

text: on

text: to

text: releasing

text: albums

text: by

text: melodic

text: death

text: metal

text: grindcore

text: industrial

text: metal

text: power

text: metal

text: and

text: black

text: metal

text: bands

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: tribute

text: albums

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.

text: Sweden

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Sweden

text: Swedish

text: is

text: Scandinavian

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: Norway

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Finland

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Denmark

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: by

text: bridge

text: tunnel

text: across

text: the

text: Öresund

text: At

text: Sweden

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: by

text: area

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: Sweden

text: consequently

text: has

text: low

text: population

text: density

text: of

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: concentration

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Approximately

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: lives

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: `` Glory to the Brave '' is a song by the Swedish power metal band HammerFall , from the album Glory to the Brave , released as a single on October 20 , 1997 . On this release there are four songs . One was recorded live , one is a radio edit and two are a bonus track from a previous studio album , which can only be found on special copies .

text: Glory

text: to

text: the

text: Brave

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: the

text: Swedish

text: power

text: metal

text: band

text: HammerFall

text: from

text: the

text: album

text: Glory

text: to

text: the

text: Brave

text: released

text: as

text: single

text: on

text: October

text: On

text: this

text: release

text: there

text: are

text: four

text: songs

text: One

text: was

text: recorded

text: live

text: one

text: is

text: radio

text: edit

text: and

text: two

text: are

text: bonus

text: track

text: from

text: previous

text: studio

text: album

text: which

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: found

text: on

text: special

text: copies

text: Ceremonial Oath is a Swedish extreme metal band who formed in 1989 under the name "Desecrator", changed their name to Ceremonial Oath in 1991 and disbanded in 1995. During their short career they released three demos, one EP and two full-length albums. Their influence is greater than their short lifespan suggests: several of the band members would later create or join metal bands that would gain fame and fortune on the future metal scene, such as In Flames, an influential band to the melodic death metal genre; and Hammerfall, a band who would greatly influence the awakened interest in power metal and traditional heavy metal.

text: Ceremonial

text: Oath

text: is

text: Swedish

text: extreme

text: metal

text: band

text: who

text: formed

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Desecrator

text: changed

text: their

text: name

text: to

text: Ceremonial

text: Oath

text: in

text: and

text: disbanded

text: in

text: During

text: their

text: short

text: career

text: they

text: released

text: three

text: demos

text: one

text: EP

text: and

text: two

text: full

text: length

text: albums

text: Their

text: influence

text: is

text: greater

text: than

text: their

text: short

text: lifespan

text: suggests

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: band

text: members

text: would

text: later

text: create

text: or

text: join

text: metal

text: bands

text: that

text: would

text: gain

text: fame

text: and

text: fortune

text: on

text: the

text: future

text: metal

text: scene

text: such

text: as

text: In

text: Flames

text: an

text: influential

text: band

text: to

text: the

text: melodic

text: death

text: metal

text: genre

text: and

text: Hammerfall

text: band

text: who

text: would

text: greatly

text: influence

text: the

text: awakened

text: interest

text: in

text: power

text: metal

text: and

text: traditional

text: heavy

text: metal

text: Glory to the Brave is the debut album by the Swedish power metal band HammerFall, released in 1997. Despite the fact that the band was formed in 1993, HammerFall performed mostly live music and covers before this album was released. "Steel Meets Steel" was composed by Oscar Dronjak just before the band was formed and is included on this album. The band signed a deal with the Dutch label Vic Records. Nuclear Blast approached Vic Records and obtained a license deal for the album. Later, Nuclear Blast bought the entire rights from Vic Records. Although the In Flames guitarist Jesper Strömblad was listed as the drummer, all the drums were actually played by session musician Patrik Räfling, who joined the band as a full-time member shortly after the album's release.

text: Glory

text: to

text: the

text: Brave

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: Swedish

text: power

text: metal

text: band

text: HammerFall

text: released

text: in

text: Despite

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: band

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: HammerFall

text: performed

text: mostly

text: live

text: music

text: and

text: covers

text: before

text: this

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: Steel

text: Meets

text: Steel

text: was

text: composed

text: by

text: Oscar

text: Dronjak

text: just

text: before

text: the

text: band

text: was

text: formed

text: and

text: is

text: included

text: on

text: this

text: album

text: The

text: band

text: signed

text: deal

text: with

text: the

text: Dutch

text: label

text: Vic

text: Records

text: Nuclear

text: Blast

text: approached

text: Vic

text: Records

text: and

text: obtained

text: license

text: deal

text: for

text: the

text: album

text: Later

text: Nuclear

text: Blast

text: bought

text: the

text: entire

text: rights

text: from

text: Vic

text: Records

text: Although

text: the

text: In

text: Flames

text: guitarist

text: Jesper

text: Strömblad

text: was

text: listed

text: as

text: the

text: drummer

text: all

text: the

text: drums

text: were

text: actually

text: played

text: by

text: session

text: musician

text: Patrik

text: Räfling

text: who

text: joined

text: the

text: band

text: as

text: full

text: time

text: member

text: shortly

text: after

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: release

text: South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere, mostly in the southern hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere. It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas, which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages. The reference to South America instead of other regions (like Latin America or the Southern Cone) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics (in particular, the rise of Brazil).

text: South

text: America

text: is

text: continent

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: hemisphere

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: hemisphere

text: with

text: relatively

text: small

text: portion

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: considered

text: subcontinent

text: of

text: the

text: Americas

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: model

text: used

text: in

text: nations

text: that

text: speak

text: Romance

text: languages

text: The

text: reference

text: to

text: South

text: America

text: instead

text: of

text: other

text: regions

text: like

text: Latin

text: America

text: or

text: the

text: Southern

text: Cone

text: has

text: increased

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: decades

text: due

text: to

text: changing

text: geopolitical

text: dynamics

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: Brazil

question: record_label glory to the brave

answer: nuclear blast

text: nuclear blast

text: nuclear blast

text: nuclear blast