text: Louis Sebastian Theroux (; born 20 May 1970) is a British-American documentary filmmaker, and broadcaster. He is best known for his documentary series, including "Louis Theroux's Weird Weekends", "When Louis Met...", and his BBC Two specials. His career started in journalism and bears influences of notable writers in his family, such as his father Paul Theroux and brother Marcel. He works with the BBC producing his documentaries and television series. He has received two British Academy Television Awards and a Royal Television Society Television Award for his work.

text: Louis

text: Sebastian

text: Theroux

text: born

text: May

text: is

text: British

text: American

text: documentary

text: filmmaker

text: and

text: broadcaster

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: documentary

text: series

text: including

text: Louis

text: Theroux

text: 's

text: Weird

text: Weekends

text: When

text: Louis

text: Met

text: and

text: his

text: BBC

text: Two

text: specials

text: His

text: career

text: started

text: in

text: journalism

text: and

text: bears

text: influences

text: of

text: notable

text: writers

text: in

text: his

text: family

text: such

text: as

text: his

text: father

text: Paul

text: Theroux

text: and

text: brother

text: Marcel

text: He

text: works

text: with

text: the

text: BBC

text: producing

text: his

text: documentaries

text: and

text: television

text: series

text: He

text: has

text: received

text: two

text: British

text: Academy

text: Television

text: Awards

text: and

text: Royal

text: Television

text: Society

text: Television

text: Award

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: Jim'll Fix It was a long-running British television show, broadcast by the BBC between May 1975 and June 1994. It was devised and presented by Jimmy Savile and produced by Roger Ordish and encouraged children to write in to have their wishes granted.

text: Jim'll

text: Fix

text: It

text: was

text: long

text: running

text: British

text: television

text: show

text: broadcast

text: by

text: the

text: BBC

text: between

text: May

text: and

text: June

text: It

text: was

text: devised

text: and

text: presented

text: by

text: Jimmy

text: Savile

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: Roger

text: Ordish

text: and

text: encouraged

text: children

text: to

text: write

text: in

text: to

text: have

text: their

text: wishes

text: granted

text: The United Kingdom is a unitary state with devolution governed within the framework of a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy, in which the monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II, is the head of state and the prime minister of the United Kingdom, currently Theresa May, is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the British government, on behalf of and by the consent of the monarch, as well as by the devolved governments of Scotland and Wales, and the Northern Ireland Executive. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the House of Commons and the House of Lords, as well as in the Scottish parliament and Welsh and Northern Ireland assemblies. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The highest court is the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: with

text: devolution

text: governed

text: within

text: the

text: framework

text: of

text: parliamentary

text: democracy

text: under

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: monarch

text: currently

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: is

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: prime

text: minister

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: currently

text: Theresa

text: May

text: is

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: Executive

text: power

text: is

text: exercised

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: consent

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: the

text: devolved

text: governments

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Executive

text: Legislative

text: power

text: is

text: vested

text: in

text: the

text: two

text: chambers

text: of

text: the

text: Parliament

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Commons

text: and

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Lords

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: Scottish

text: parliament

text: and

text: Welsh

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: assemblies

text: The

text: judiciary

text: is

text: independent

text: of

text: the

text: executive

text: and

text: the

text: legislature

text: The

text: highest

text: court

text: is

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, % of the world population at the time, and by 1920, it covered , % of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: comprised

text: the

text: dominions

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: mandates

text: and

text: other

text: territories

text: ruled

text: or

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: its

text: predecessor

text: states

text: It

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: and

text: trading

text: posts

text: established

text: by

text: England

text: between

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: for

text: over

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: By

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: held

text: sway

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: by

text: it

text: covered

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: As

text: result

text: its

text: political

text: legal

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: widespread

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: the

text: phrase

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: because

text: its

text: expanse

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: was

text: always

text: shining

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: territories

text: Agrarianism is a social philosophy or political philosophy which values rural society as superior to urban society, the independent farmer as superior to the paid worker, and sees farming as a way of life that can shape the ideal social values. It stresses the superiority of a simpler rural life as opposed to the complexity of city life.

text: Agrarianism

text: is

text: social

text: philosophy

text: or

text: political

text: philosophy

text: which

text: values

text: rural

text: society

text: as

text: superior

text: to

text: urban

text: society

text: the

text: independent

text: farmer

text: as

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: paid

text: worker

text: and

text: sees

text: farming

text: as

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: that

text: can

text: shape

text: the

text: ideal

text: social

text: values

text: It

text: stresses

text: the

text: superiority

text: of

text: simpler

text: rural

text: life

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: complexity

text: of

text: city

text: life

text: Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

text: Canada

text: French

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: half

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: ten

text: provinces

text: and

text: three

text: territories

text: extend

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: to

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: northward

text: into

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covering

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: land

text: area

text: Canada

text: 's

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: land

text: border

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: cold

text: or

text: severely

text: cold

text: winter

text: climate

text: but

text: southerly

text: areas

text: are

text: warm

text: in

text: summer

text: Canada

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: territory

text: being

text: dominated

text: by

text: forest

text: and

text: tundra

text: and

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: About

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: is

text: urbanized

text: and

text: live

text: near

text: the

text: southern

text: border

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Ottawa

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Toronto

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Quebec

text: City

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster. It is headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation, and is the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees, with over 20,950 staff in total, of whom 16,672 are in public sector broadcasting; including part-time, flexible as well as fixed contract staff, the total number is 35,402.

text: The

text: British

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: BBC

text: is

text: British

text: public

text: service

text: broadcaster

text: It

text: is

text: headquartered

text: at

text: Broadcasting

text: House

text: in

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: national

text: broadcasting

text: organisation

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: broadcaster

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: number

text: of

text: employees

text: with

text: over

text: staff

text: in

text: total

text: of

text: whom

text: are

text: in

text: public

text: sector

text: broadcasting

text: including

text: part

text: time

text: flexible

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: fixed

text: contract

text: staff

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: is

text: Top of the Pops, also known as TOTP, is a British music chart television programme, made by the BBC and originally broadcast weekly between 1 January 1964 and 30 July 2006. It was traditionally shown every Thursday evening on BBC1, except for a short period on Fridays in mid-1973 before being again moved to Fridays in 1996, and then to Sundays on BBC Two in 2005. Each weekly programme consisted of performances from some of that week's best-selling popular music artists, with a rundown of that week's singles chart. Additionally, there was a special edition of the programme on Christmas Day (and usually, until 1984, a second such edition a few days after Christmas), featuring some of the best-selling singles of the year.

text: Top

text: of

text: the

text: Pops

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: TOTP

text: is

text: British

text: music

text: chart

text: television

text: programme

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: BBC

text: and

text: originally

text: broadcast

text: weekly

text: between

text: January

text: and

text: July

text: It

text: was

text: traditionally

text: shown

text: every

text: Thursday

text: evening

text: on

text: except

text: for

text: short

text: period

text: on

text: Fridays

text: in

text: before

text: being

text: again

text: moved

text: to

text: Fridays

text: in

text: and

text: then

text: to

text: Sundays

text: on

text: BBC

text: Two

text: in

text: Each

text: weekly

text: programme

text: consisted

text: of

text: performances

text: from

text: some

text: of

text: that

text: week

text: 's

text: best

text: selling

text: popular

text: music

text: artists

text: with

text: rundown

text: of

text: that

text: week

text: 's

text: singles

text: chart

text: Additionally

text: there

text: was

text: special

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: programme

text: on

text: Christmas

text: Day

text: and

text: usually

text: until

text: second

text: such

text: edition

text: few

text: days

text: after

text: Christmas

text: featuring

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: singles

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: A Tory holds a political philosophy (Toryism) based on a British version of traditionalism and conservatism, which upholds the supremacy of social order as it has evolved throughout history. The Tory ethos has been summed up with the phrase "God, King and Country". Tories generally advocate monarchism, are usually of a high church Anglican religious heritage, and are opposed to the liberalism of the Whig faction. In Britain, the Tory political faction originated with the Cavaliers during the English Civil War. This political philosophy remains prominent in the politics of the United Kingdom, and also appears in parts of the Commonwealth realms, particularly in Canada. It also had exponents in other parts of the former British Empire, such as the Loyalists of British America who opposed American secession during the American Revolutionary War. Under the Corn Laws (18151846) a majority of Tories supported protectionist agrarianism with tariffs being imposed at the time for higher food prices, self-sufficiency, and enhanced wages in rural employment.

text: Tory

text: holds

text: political

text: philosophy

text: Toryism

text: based

text: on

text: British

text: version

text: of

text: traditionalism

text: and

text: conservatism

text: which

text: upholds

text: the

text: supremacy

text: of

text: social

text: order

text: as

text: it

text: has

text: evolved

text: throughout

text: history

text: The

text: Tory

text: ethos

text: has

text: been

text: summed

text: up

text: with

text: the

text: phrase

text: God

text: King

text: and

text: Country

text: Tories

text: generally

text: advocate

text: monarchism

text: are

text: usually

text: of

text: high

text: church

text: Anglican

text: religious

text: heritage

text: and

text: are

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: liberalism

text: of

text: the

text: Whig

text: faction

text: In

text: Britain

text: the

text: Tory

text: political

text: faction

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: Cavaliers

text: during

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: This

text: political

text: philosophy

text: remains

text: prominent

text: in

text: the

text: politics

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: also

text: appears

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: realms

text: particularly

text: in

text: Canada

text: It

text: also

text: had

text: exponents

text: in

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: British

text: Empire

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Loyalists

text: of

text: British

text: America

text: who

text: opposed

text: American

text: secession

text: during

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

text: Under

text: the

text: Corn

text: Laws

text: majority

text: of

text: Tories

text: supported

text: protectionist

text: agrarianism

text: with

text: tariffs

text: being

text: imposed

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: for

text: higher

text: food

text: prices

text: self

text: sufficiency

text: and

text: enhanced

text: wages

text: in

text: rural

text: employment

text: Sir James Wilson Vincent "Jimmy" Savile, OBE, KCSG (31 October 1926  29 October 2011) was an English DJ, television and radio personality, dance hall manager, and charity fundraiser. He hosted the BBC television show "Jim'll Fix It", was the first and last presenter of the long-running BBC music chart show "Top of the Pops", and raised an estimated £40 million for charities. At the time of his death he was widely praised for his personal qualities and as a fund-raiser. After his death, hundreds of allegations of sexual abuse were made against him, leading the police to believe that Savile had been a predatory sex offenderpossibly one of Britain's most prolific. There had been allegations during his lifetime, but they were dismissed and accusers ignored or disbelieved; Savile took legal action against some accusers.

text: Sir

text: James

text: Wilson

text: Vincent

text: Jimmy

text: Savile

text: OBE

text: KCSG

text: October

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: DJ

text: television

text: and

text: radio

text: personality

text: dance

text: hall

text: manager

text: and

text: charity

text: fundraiser

text: He

text: hosted

text: the

text: BBC

text: television

text: show

text: Jim'll

text: Fix

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: last

text: presenter

text: of

text: the

text: long

text: running

text: BBC

text: music

text: chart

text: show

text: Top

text: of

text: the

text: Pops

text: and

text: raised

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: for

text: charities

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: his

text: death

text: he

text: was

text: widely

text: praised

text: for

text: his

text: personal

text: qualities

text: and

text: as

text: fund

text: raiser

text: After

text: his

text: death

text: hundreds

text: of

text: allegations

text: of

text: sexual

text: abuse

text: were

text: made

text: against

text: him

text: leading

text: the

text: police

text: to

text: believe

text: that

text: Savile

text: had

text: been

text: predatory

text: sex

text: offenderpossibly

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: most

text: prolific

text: There

text: had

text: been

text: allegations

text: during

text: his

text: lifetime

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: dismissed

text: and

text: accusers

text: ignored

text: or

text: disbelieved

text: Savile

text: took

text: legal

text: action

text: against

text: some

text: accusers

text: When Louis Met ... is a series of documentary films made by BAFTA award - winning film - maker Louis Theroux . The series was originally aired on BBC2 from 2000 to 2002 . In the series , Theroux accompanied a different British celebrity in each programme as they went about their day - to - day business , interviewing them about their lives and experiences as he did so . His episode about the DJ charity fund - raiser , Jimmy Savile ( When Louis Met ... Jimmy ) was voted one of the top fifty documentaries of all time in a survey by Britain 's Channel Four . In another episode ( `` When Louis Met ... The Hamiltons '' ) , the Tory MP Neil Hamilton and his wife Christine were arrested during the course of filming following allegations of indecent assault which were subsequently found to be false . The show did not return for a third series ; Theroux said that he had difficulty in finding people to appear .

text: When

text: Louis

text: Met

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: documentary

text: films

text: made

text: by

text: BAFTA

text: award

text: winning

text: film

text: maker

text: Louis

text: Theroux

text: The

text: series

text: was

text: originally

text: aired

text: on

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: the

text: series

text: Theroux

text: accompanied

text: different

text: British

text: celebrity

text: in

text: each

text: programme

text: as

text: they

text: went

text: about

text: their

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: business

text: interviewing

text: them

text: about

text: their

text: lives

text: and

text: experiences

text: as

text: he

text: did

text: so

text: His

text: episode

text: about

text: the

text: DJ

text: charity

text: fund

text: raiser

text: Jimmy

text: Savile

text: When

text: Louis

text: Met

text: Jimmy

text: was

text: voted

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: fifty

text: documentaries

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: in

text: survey

text: by

text: Britain

text: 's

text: Channel

text: Four

text: In

text: another

text: episode

text: When

text: Louis

text: Met

text: The

text: Hamiltons

text: the

text: Tory

text: MP

text: Neil

text: Hamilton

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: Christine

text: were

text: arrested

text: during

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: filming

text: following

text: allegations

text: of

text: indecent

text: assault

text: which

text: were

text: subsequently

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: false

text: The

text: show

text: did

text: not

text: return

text: for

text: third

text: series

text: Theroux

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: difficulty

text: in

text: finding

text: people

text: to

text: appear

question: original_network when louis met...

answer: bbc two

text: bbc two

text: bbc two


text:
Vesto Melvin Slipher (November 11, 1875  November 8, 1969) was an American astronomer who performed the first measurements of radial velocities for galaxies, providing the empirical basis for the expansion of the universe.
Slipher was born in Mulberry, Indiana, and completed his doctorate at Indiana University in 1909. He spent his entire career at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, where he was promoted to assistant director in 1915, acting director from 1916, and finally director from 1926 until his retirement in 1952.
His brother Earl C. Slipher was also an astronomer and a director at the Lowell Observatory.

text: Vesto

text: Melvin

text: Slipher

text: November

text: November

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: astronomer

text: who

text: performed

text: the

text: first

text: measurements

text: of

text: radial

text: velocities

text: for

text: galaxies

text: providing

text: the

text: empirical

text: basis

text: for

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: Slipher

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Mulberry

text: Indiana

text: and

text: completed

text: his

text: doctorate

text: at

text: Indiana

text: University

text: in

text: He

text: spent

text: his

text: entire

text: career

text: at

text: Lowell

text: Observatory

text: in

text: Flagstaff

text: Arizona

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: promoted

text: to

text: assistant

text: director

text: in

text: acting

text: director

text: from

text: and

text: finally

text: director

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: retirement

text: in

text: His

text: brother

text: Earl

text: Slipher

text: was

text: also

text: an

text: astronomer

text: and

text: director

text: at

text: the

text: Lowell

text: Observatory

text: The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224, is a spiral galaxy approximately 780 kiloparsecs (2.5 million light-years) from Earth. It is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way and was often referred to as the Great Andromeda Nebula in older texts. It received its name from the area of the sky in which it appears, the constellation of Andromeda, which was named after the mythological princess Andromeda.

text: The

text: Andromeda

text: Galaxy

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Messier

text: or

text: NGC

text: is

text: spiral

text: galaxy

text: approximately

text: kiloparsecs

text: million

text: light

text: years

text: from

text: Earth

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: nearest

text: major

text: galaxy

text: to

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: and

text: was

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Great

text: Andromeda

text: Nebula

text: in

text: older

text: texts

text: It

text: received

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: sky

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: appears

text: the

text: constellation

text: of

text: Andromeda

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: mythological

text: princess

text: Andromeda

text: An interstellar cloud is the generic name given to an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies. Put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium. Depending on the density, size, and temperature of a given cloud, the hydrogen in it can be neutral (H I regions), ionized (H II regions) (i.e. a plasma), or molecular (molecular clouds). Neutral and ionized clouds are sometimes also called diffuse clouds, while molecular clouds are sometimes also referred to as dense clouds.

text: An

text: interstellar

text: cloud

text: is

text: the

text: generic

text: name

text: given

text: to

text: an

text: accumulation

text: of

text: gas

text: plasma

text: and

text: dust

text: in

text: our

text: and

text: other

text: galaxies

text: Put

text: differently

text: an

text: interstellar

text: cloud

text: is

text: denser

text: than

text: average

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: interstellar

text: medium

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: density

text: size

text: and

text: temperature

text: of

text: given

text: cloud

text: the

text: hydrogen

text: in

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: neutral

text: regions

text: ionized

text: II

text: regions

text: i.e.

text: plasma

text: or

text: molecular

text: molecular

text: clouds

text: Neutral

text: and

text: ionized

text: clouds

text: are

text: sometimes

text: also

text: called

text: diffuse

text: clouds

text: while

text: molecular

text: clouds

text: are

text: sometimes

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: dense

text: clouds

text: Designations of stars (and other celestial bodies) and their naming is currently primarily mediated in the scientific community by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) a de facto authority. The IAU states that it is keen to make a distinction between the terms "name" and "designation". To the IAU, "name" refers to the (usually colloquial) term used for a star in everyday speech, while "designation" is solely alphanumerical and used almost exclusively in official catalogues and for professional astronomy. Many of the names and some of the designations in use today were inherited from the time before the IAU existed. Other designations are being added all the time.

text: Designations

text: of

text: stars

text: and

text: other

text: celestial

text: bodies

text: and

text: their

text: naming

text: is

text: currently

text: primarily

text: mediated

text: in

text: the

text: scientific

text: community

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Astronomical

text: Union

text: IAU

text: de

text: facto

text: authority

text: The

text: IAU

text: states

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: keen

text: to

text: make

text: distinction

text: between

text: the

text: terms

text: name

text: and

text: designation

text: To

text: the

text: IAU

text: name

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: usually

text: colloquial

text: term

text: used

text: for

text: star

text: in

text: everyday

text: speech

text: while

text: designation

text: is

text: solely

text: alphanumerical

text: and

text: used

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: in

text: official

text: catalogues

text: and

text: for

text: professional

text: astronomy

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: names

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: designations

text: in

text: use

text: today

text: were

text: inherited

text: from

text: the

text: time

text: before

text: the

text: IAU

text: existed

text: Other

text: designations

text: are

text: being

text: added

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: Earth, otherwise known as the world, is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.

text: Earth

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: planet

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: object

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: known

text: to

text: harbor

text: life

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: densest

text: planet

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: An H II region or HII region is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized. (H is the chemical symbol for hydrogen, and "II" is the Roman numeral for 2. It is customary in astronomy to use the Roman numeral I for neutral atoms, II for singly-ionisedH II is H in other sciencesIII for doubly-ionised, e.g. O III is O, etc. H II, or H, consists of free protons.) It is typically a cloud of partially ionized gas in which star formation has recently taken place, with a size ranging from one to hundreds of light years, and density from a few to about a million particles per cubic cm. The short-lived blue stars created in these regions emit copious amounts of ultraviolet light that ionize the surrounding gas. H II regionssometimes several hundred light-years acrossare often associated with giant molecular clouds. The Orion Nebula, now known to be an H II region, was observed in 1610 by Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc by telescope, the first such object discovered.

text: An

text: II

text: region

text: or

text: HII

text: region

text: is

text: region

text: of

text: interstellar

text: atomic

text: hydrogen

text: that

text: is

text: ionized

text: is

text: the

text: chemical

text: symbol

text: for

text: hydrogen

text: and

text: II

text: is

text: the

text: Roman

text: numeral

text: for

text: It

text: is

text: customary

text: in

text: astronomy

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: Roman

text: numeral

text: for

text: neutral

text: atoms

text: II

text: for

text: singly

text: ionisedH

text: II

text: is

text: in

text: other

text: sciencesIII

text: for

text: doubly

text: ionised

text: e.g.

text: III

text: is

text: etc

text: II

text: or

text: consists

text: of

text: free

text: protons

text: It

text: is

text: typically

text: cloud

text: of

text: partially

text: ionized

text: gas

text: in

text: which

text: star

text: formation

text: has

text: recently

text: taken

text: place

text: with

text: size

text: ranging

text: from

text: one

text: to

text: hundreds

text: of

text: light

text: years

text: and

text: density

text: from

text: few

text: to

text: about

text: million

text: particles

text: per

text: cubic

text: cm

text: The

text: short

text: lived

text: blue

text: stars

text: created

text: in

text: these

text: regions

text: emit

text: copious

text: amounts

text: of

text: ultraviolet

text: light

text: that

text: ionize

text: the

text: surrounding

text: gas

text: II

text: regionssometimes

text: several

text: hundred

text: light

text: years

text: acrossare

text: often

text: associated

text: with

text: giant

text: molecular

text: clouds

text: The

text: Orion

text: Nebula

text: now

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: II

text: region

text: was

text: observed

text: in

text: by

text: Nicolas

text: Claude

text: Fabri

text: de

text: Peiresc

text: by

text: telescope

text: the

text: first

text: such

text: object

text: discovered

text: An emission nebula is a nebula formed of ionized gases that emit light of various colors . The most common source of ionization is high - energy photons emitted from a nearby hot star . Among the several different types of emission nebulae are H II regions , in which star formation is taking place and young , massive stars are the source of the ionizing photons ; and planetary nebulae , in which a dying star has thrown off its outer layers , with the exposed hot core then ionizing them .

text: An

text: emission

text: nebula

text: is

text: nebula

text: formed

text: of

text: ionized

text: gases

text: that

text: emit

text: light

text: of

text: various

text: colors

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: source

text: of

text: ionization

text: is

text: high

text: energy

text: photons

text: emitted

text: from

text: nearby

text: hot

text: star

text: Among

text: the

text: several

text: different

text: types

text: of

text: emission

text: nebulae

text: are

text: II

text: regions

text: in

text: which

text: star

text: formation

text: is

text: taking

text: place

text: and

text: young

text: massive

text: stars

text: are

text: the

text: source

text: of

text: the

text: ionizing

text: photons

text: and

text: planetary

text: nebulae

text: in

text: which

text: dying

text: star

text: has

text: thrown

text: off

text: its

text: outer

text: layers

text: with

text: the

text: exposed

text: hot

text: core

text: then

text: ionizing

text: them

text: A star is a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points in the sky due to their immense distance from Earth. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, the brightest of which gained proper names. Astronomers have assembled star catalogues that identify the known stars and provide standardized stellar designations. However, most of the stars in the Universe, including all stars outside our galaxy, the Milky Way, are invisible to the naked eye from Earth. Indeed, most are invisible from Earth even through the most powerful telescopes.

text: star

text: is

text: luminous

text: sphere

text: of

text: plasma

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: its

text: own

text: gravity

text: The

text: nearest

text: star

text: to

text: Earth

text: is

text: the

text: Sun

text: Many

text: other

text: stars

text: are

text: visible

text: to

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: from

text: Earth

text: during

text: the

text: night

text: appearing

text: as

text: multitude

text: of

text: fixed

text: luminous

text: points

text: in

text: the

text: sky

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: immense

text: distance

text: from

text: Earth

text: Historically

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: stars

text: were

text: grouped

text: into

text: constellations

text: and

text: asterisms

text: the

text: brightest

text: of

text: which

text: gained

text: proper

text: names

text: Astronomers

text: have

text: assembled

text: star

text: catalogues

text: that

text: identify

text: the

text: known

text: stars

text: and

text: provide

text: standardized

text: stellar

text: designations

text: However

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: stars

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: including

text: all

text: stars

text: outside

text: our

text: galaxy

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: are

text: invisible

text: to

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: from

text: Earth

text: Indeed

text: most

text: are

text: invisible

text: from

text: Earth

text: even

text: through

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: telescopes

text: A constellation is formally defined as a region of the celestial sphere, with boundaries laid down by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). The constellation areas mostly had their origins in Western-traditional patterns of stars from which the constellations take their names.

text: constellation

text: is

text: formally

text: defined

text: as

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: celestial

text: sphere

text: with

text: boundaries

text: laid

text: down

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Astronomical

text: Union

text: IAU

text: The

text: constellation

text: areas

text: mostly

text: had

text: their

text: origins

text: in

text: Western

text: traditional

text: patterns

text: of

text: stars

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: constellations

text: take

text: their

text: names

text: In the physical sciences, subatomic particles are particles much smaller than atoms. There are two types of subatomic particles: elementary particles, which according to current theories are not made of other particles; and "composite" particles. Particle physics and nuclear physics study these particles and how they interact.

text: In

text: the

text: physical

text: sciences

text: subatomic

text: particles

text: are

text: particles

text: much

text: smaller

text: than

text: atoms

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: subatomic

text: particles

text: elementary

text: particles

text: which

text: according

text: to

text: current

text: theories

text: are

text: not

text: made

text: of

text: other

text: particles

text: and

text: composite

text: particles

text: Particle

text: physics

text: and

text: nuclear

text: physics

text: study

text: these

text: particles

text: and

text: how

text: they

text: interact

text: An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside of the scope of Earth. They look at stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies, as well as many other celestial objects  either in observational astronomy, in analyzing the data or in theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers work on include: planetary science, solar astronomy, the origin or evolution of stars, or the formation of galaxies. There are also related but distinct subjects like physical cosmology which studies the Universe as a whole.

text: An

text: astronomer

text: is

text: scientist

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: astronomy

text: who

text: concentrates

text: their

text: studies

text: on

text: specific

text: question

text: or

text: field

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: Earth

text: They

text: look

text: at

text: stars

text: planets

text: moons

text: comets

text: and

text: galaxies

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: other

text: celestial

text: objects

text: either

text: in

text: observational

text: astronomy

text: in

text: analyzing

text: the

text: data

text: or

text: in

text: theoretical

text: astronomy

text: Examples

text: of

text: topics

text: or

text: fields

text: astronomers

text: work

text: on

text: include

text: planetary

text: science

text: solar

text: astronomy

text: the

text: origin

text: or

text: evolution

text: of

text: stars

text: or

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: galaxies

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: related

text: but

text: distinct

text: subjects

text: like

text: physical

text: cosmology

text: which

text: studies

text: the

text: Universe

text: as

text: whole

text: A star catalogue (Commonwealth English) or star catalog (American English), is an astronomical catalogue that lists stars. In astronomy, many stars are referred to simply by catalogue numbers. There are a great many different star catalogues which have been produced for different purposes over the years, and this article covers only some of the more frequently quoted ones. Star catalogues were compiled by many different ancient peoples, including the Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese, Persians, and Arabs. Most modern catalogues are available in electronic format and can be freely downloaded from space agencies data center.

text: star

text: catalogue

text: Commonwealth

text: English

text: or

text: star

text: catalog

text: American

text: English

text: is

text: an

text: astronomical

text: catalogue

text: that

text: lists

text: stars

text: In

text: astronomy

text: many

text: stars

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: by

text: catalogue

text: numbers

text: There

text: are

text: great

text: many

text: different

text: star

text: catalogues

text: which

text: have

text: been

text: produced

text: for

text: different

text: purposes

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: and

text: this

text: article

text: covers

text: only

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: more

text: frequently

text: quoted

text: ones

text: Star

text: catalogues

text: were

text: compiled

text: by

text: many

text: different

text: ancient

text: peoples

text: including

text: the

text: Babylonians

text: Greeks

text: Chinese

text: Persians

text: and

text: Arabs

text: Most

text: modern

text: catalogues

text: are

text: available

text: in

text: electronic

text: format

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: freely

text: downloaded

text: from

text: space

text: agencies

text: data

text: center

text: Latin (Latin: ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets.

text: Latin

text: Latin

text: is

text: classical

text: language

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: Italic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: The

text: Latin

text: alphabet

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Etruscan

text: and

text: Greek

text: alphabets

text: Helium is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas, the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table. Its boiling point is the lowest among all the elements.

text: Helium

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: symbol

text: He

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: It

text: is

text: colorless

text: odorless

text: tasteless

text: non

text: toxic

text: inert

text: monatomic

text: gas

text: the

text: first

text: in

text: the

text: noble

text: gas

text: group

text: in

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: Its

text: boiling

text: point

text: is

text: the

text: lowest

text: among

text: all

text: the

text: elements

text: A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge. However, in quantum physics, organic chemistry, and biochemistry, the term "molecule" is often used less strictly, also being applied to polyatomic ions.

text: molecule

text: is

text: an

text: electrically

text: neutral

text: group

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: atoms

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: chemical

text: bonds

text: Molecules

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: ions

text: by

text: their

text: lack

text: of

text: electrical

text: charge

text: However

text: in

text: quantum

text: physics

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: and

text: biochemistry

text: the

text: term

text: molecule

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: less

text: strictly

text: also

text: being

text: applied

text: to

text: polyatomic

text: ions

text: An astronomical object or celestial object is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that current science has demonstrated to exist in the observable universe.

text: An

text: astronomical

text: object

text: or

text: celestial

text: object

text: is

text: naturally

text: occurring

text: physical

text: entity

text: association

text: or

text: structure

text: that

text: current

text: science

text: has

text: demonstrated

text: to

text: exist

text: in

text: the

text: observable

text: universe

text: Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic number 1. With an atomic weight of , hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. Non-remnant stars are mainly composed of hydrogen in the plasma state. The most common isotope of hydrogen, termed "protium" (name rarely used, symbol H), has one proton and no neutrons.

text: Hydrogen

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: chemical

text: symbol

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: With

text: an

text: atomic

text: weight

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: is

text: the

text: lightest

text: element

text: on

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: Its

text: monatomic

text: form

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: abundant

text: chemical

text: substance

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: constituting

text: roughly

text: of

text: all

text: baryonic

text: mass

text: Non

text: remnant

text: stars

text: are

text: mainly

text: composed

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: in

text: the

text: plasma

text: state

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: isotope

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: termed

text: protium

text: name

text: rarely

text: used

text: symbol

text: has

text: one

text: proton

text: and

text: no

text: neutrons

text: Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889  September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology and is regarded as one of the most important astronomers of all time.

text: Edwin

text: Powell

text: Hubble

text: November

text: September

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: astronomer

text: He

text: played

text: crucial

text: role

text: in

text: establishing

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: extragalactic

text: astronomy

text: and

text: observational

text: cosmology

text: and

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: astronomers

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge. Ions can be created, by either chemical or physical means, via ionization.

text: An

text: ion

text: is

text: an

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: electrons

text: is

text: not

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: protons

text: giving

text: the

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: net

text: positive

text: or

text: negative

text: electrical

text: charge

text: Ions

text: can

text: be

text: created

text: by

text: either

text: chemical

text: or

text: physical

text: means

text: via

text: ionization

text: The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. The descriptive "milky" is derived from the appearance from Earth of the galaxy  a band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term "Milky Way" is a translation of the Latin ', from the Greek (', "milky circle"). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 Great Debate between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies.

text: The

text: Milky

text: Way

text: is

text: the

text: galaxy

text: that

text: contains

text: our

text: Solar

text: System

text: The

text: descriptive

text: milky

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: appearance

text: from

text: Earth

text: of

text: the

text: galaxy

text: band

text: of

text: light

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: night

text: sky

text: formed

text: from

text: stars

text: that

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: individually

text: distinguished

text: by

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: The

text: term

text: Milky

text: Way

text: is

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: milky

text: circle

text: From

text: Earth

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: appears

text: as

text: band

text: because

text: its

text: disk

text: shaped

text: structure

text: is

text: viewed

text: from

text: within

text: Galileo

text: Galilei

text: first

text: resolved

text: the

text: band

text: of

text: light

text: into

text: individual

text: stars

text: with

text: his

text: telescope

text: in

text: Until

text: the

text: early

text: most

text: astronomers

text: thought

text: that

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: contained

text: all

text: the

text: stars

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: Following

text: the

text: Great

text: Debate

text: between

text: the

text: astronomers

text: Harlow

text: Shapley

text: and

text: Heber

text: Curtis

text: observations

text: by

text: Edwin

text: Hubble

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: is

text: just

text: one

text: of

text: many

text: galaxies

text: A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter. The word galaxy is derived from the Greek "", literally "milky", a reference to the Milky Way. Galaxies range in size from dwarfs with just a few billion stars to giants with one hundred trillion stars, each orbiting its galaxy's center of mass. Galaxies are categorized according to their visual morphology as elliptical, spiral and irregular. Many galaxies are thought to have black holes at their active centers. The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A*, has a mass four million times greater than the Sun. As of March 2016, GN-z11 is the oldest and most distant observed galaxy with a comoving distance of 32 billion light-years from Earth, and observed as it existed just 400 million years after the Big Bang.

text: galaxy

text: is

text: gravitationally

text: bound

text: system

text: of

text: stars

text: stellar

text: remnants

text: interstellar

text: gas

text: dust

text: and

text: dark

text: matter

text: The

text: word

text: galaxy

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: literally

text: milky

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: Galaxies

text: range

text: in

text: size

text: from

text: dwarfs

text: with

text: just

text: few

text: billion

text: stars

text: to

text: giants

text: with

text: one

text: hundred

text: trillion

text: stars

text: each

text: orbiting

text: its

text: galaxy

text: 's

text: center

text: of

text: mass

text: Galaxies

text: are

text: categorized

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: visual

text: morphology

text: as

text: elliptical

text: spiral

text: and

text: irregular

text: Many

text: galaxies

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: black

text: holes

text: at

text: their

text: active

text: centers

text: The

text: Milky

text: Way

text: 's

text: central

text: black

text: hole

text: known

text: as

text: Sagittarius

text: has

text: mass

text: four

text: million

text: times

text: greater

text: than

text: the

text: Sun

text: As

text: of

text: March

text: GN

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: and

text: most

text: distant

text: observed

text: galaxy

text: with

text: comoving

text: distance

text: of

text: billion

text: light

text: years

text: from

text: Earth

text: and

text: observed

text: as

text: it

text: existed

text: just

text: million

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: Big

text: Bang

text: The Universe is all of time and space and its contents. It includes planets, moons, minor planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, and all matter and energy. The size of the entire Universe is unknown.

text: The

text: Universe

text: is

text: all

text: of

text: time

text: and

text: space

text: and

text: its

text: contents

text: It

text: includes

text: planets

text: moons

text: minor

text: planets

text: stars

text: galaxies

text: the

text: contents

text: of

text: intergalactic

text: space

text: and

text: all

text: matter

text: and

text: energy

text: The

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: Universe

text: is

text: unknown

text: Substitution reaction (also known as single displacement reaction or single replacement reaction) is a chemical reaction during which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional group. Substitution reactions are of prime importance in organic chemistry. Substitution reactions in organic chemistry are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic depending upon the reagent involved. There are other classifications as well that are mentioned below.

text: Substitution

text: reaction

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: single

text: displacement

text: reaction

text: or

text: single

text: replacement

text: reaction

text: is

text: chemical

text: reaction

text: during

text: which

text: one

text: functional

text: group

text: in

text: chemical

text: compound

text: is

text: replaced

text: by

text: another

text: functional

text: group

text: Substitution

text: reactions

text: are

text: of

text: prime

text: importance

text: in

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: Substitution

text: reactions

text: in

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: are

text: classified

text: either

text: as

text: electrophilic

text: or

text: nucleophilic

text: depending

text: upon

text: the

text: reagent

text: involved

text: There

text: are

text: other

text: classifications

text: as

text: well

text: that

text: are

text: mentioned

text: below

text:
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process.<ref name="doi10.1146/annurev-astro-081913-040012"></ref> It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 109 times that of Earth, and its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, accounting for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.
About three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron.

text: The

text: Sun

text: is

text: the

text: star

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: It

text: is

text: nearly

text: perfect

text: sphere

text: of

text: hot

text: plasma

text: with

text: internal

text: convective

text: motion

text: that

text: generates

text: magnetic

text: field

text: via

text: dynamo

text: process.<ref

text: It

text: is

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: source

text: of

text: energy

text: for

text: life

text: on

text: Earth

text: Its

text: diameter

text: is

text: about

text: times

text: that

text: of

text: Earth

text: and

text: its

text: mass

text: is

text: about

text: times

text: that

text: of

text: Earth

text: accounting

text: for

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: mass

text: of

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: About

text: three

text: quarters

text: of

text: the

text: Sun

text: 's

text: mass

text: consists

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: the

text: rest

text: is

text: mostly

text: helium

text: with

text: much

text: smaller

text: quantities

text: of

text: heavier

text: elements

text: including

text: oxygen

text: carbon

text: neon

text: and

text: iron

text: The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or , with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton. Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of a half-integer value, expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant, "". As it is a fermion, no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state, in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle. Like all matter, electrons have properties of both particles and waves: they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light. The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons and protons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a larger De Broglie wavelength for a given energy.

text: The

text: electron

text: is

text: subatomic

text: particle

text: symbol

text: or

text: with

text: negative

text: elementary

text: electric

text: charge

text: Electrons

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: first

text: generation

text: of

text: the

text: lepton

text: particle

text: family

text: and

text: are

text: generally

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: elementary

text: particles

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: no

text: known

text: components

text: or

text: substructure

text: The

text: electron

text: has

text: mass

text: that

text: is

text: approximately

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: proton

text: Quantum

text: mechanical

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: electron

text: include

text: an

text: intrinsic

text: angular

text: momentum

text: spin

text: of

text: half

text: integer

text: value

text: expressed

text: in

text: units

text: of

text: the

text: reduced

text: Planck

text: constant

text: As

text: it

text: is

text: fermion

text: no

text: two

text: electrons

text: can

text: occupy

text: the

text: same

text: quantum

text: state

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: the

text: Pauli

text: exclusion

text: principle

text: Like

text: all

text: matter

text: electrons

text: have

text: properties

text: of

text: both

text: particles

text: and

text: waves

text: they

text: can

text: collide

text: with

text: other

text: particles

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: diffracted

text: like

text: light

text: The

text: wave

text: properties

text: of

text: electrons

text: are

text: easier

text: to

text: observe

text: with

text: experiments

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: other

text: particles

text: like

text: neutrons

text: and

text: protons

text: because

text: electrons

text: have

text: lower

text: mass

text: and

text: hence

text: larger

text: De

text: Broglie

text: wavelength

text: for

text: given

text: energy

text: A telescope is an optical instrument that aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light). The first known practical telescopes were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 1600s, by using glass lenses. They found use in both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

text: telescope

text: is

text: an

text: optical

text: instrument

text: that

text: aids

text: in

text: the

text: observation

text: of

text: remote

text: objects

text: by

text: collecting

text: electromagnetic

text: radiation

text: such

text: as

text: visible

text: light

text: The

text: first

text: known

text: practical

text: telescopes

text: were

text: invented

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: by

text: using

text: glass

text: lenses

text: They

text: found

text: use

text: in

text: both

text: terrestrial

text: applications

text: and

text: astronomy

text: A nebula (Latin for "cloud"; pl. nebulae, nebulæ, or nebulas) is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases. Originally, "nebula" was a name for any diffuse astronomical object, including galaxies beyond the Milky Way. The Andromeda Galaxy, for instance, was once referred to as the "Andromeda Nebula" (and spiral galaxies in general as "spiral nebulae") before the true nature of galaxies was confirmed in the early 20th century by Vesto Slipher, Edwin Hubble and others.

text: nebula

text: Latin

text: for

text: cloud

text: pl

text: nebulae

text: nebulæ

text: or

text: nebulas

text: is

text: an

text: interstellar

text: cloud

text: of

text: dust

text: hydrogen

text: helium

text: and

text: other

text: ionized

text: gases

text: Originally

text: nebula

text: was

text: name

text: for

text: any

text: diffuse

text: astronomical

text: object

text: including

text: galaxies

text: beyond

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: The

text: Andromeda

text: Galaxy

text: for

text: instance

text: was

text: once

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Andromeda

text: Nebula

text: and

text: spiral

text: galaxies

text: in

text: general

text: as

text: spiral

text: nebulae

text: before

text: the

text: true

text: nature

text: of

text: galaxies

text: was

text: confirmed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: by

text: Vesto

text: Slipher

text: Edwin

text: Hubble

text: and

text: others

text: Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A gas mixture would contain a variety of pure gases much like the air. What distinguishes a gas from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation usually makes a colorless gas invisible to the human observer. The interaction of gas particles in the presence of electric and gravitational fields are considered negligible as indicated by the constant velocity vectors in the image. One type of commonly known gas is steam.

text: Gas

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: fundamental

text: states

text: of

text: matter

text: the

text: others

text: being

text: solid

text: liquid

text: and

text: plasma

text: pure

text: gas

text: may

text: be

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: individual

text: atoms

text: e.g.

text: noble

text: gas

text: like

text: neon

text: elemental

text: molecules

text: made

text: from

text: one

text: type

text: of

text: atom

text: e.g.

text: oxygen

text: or

text: compound

text: molecules

text: made

text: from

text: variety

text: of

text: atoms

text: e.g.

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: gas

text: mixture

text: would

text: contain

text: variety

text: of

text: pure

text: gases

text: much

text: like

text: the

text: air

text: What

text: distinguishes

text: gas

text: from

text: liquids

text: and

text: solids

text: is

text: the

text: vast

text: separation

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: gas

text: particles

text: This

text: separation

text: usually

text: makes

text: colorless

text: gas

text: invisible

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: observer

text: The

text: interaction

text: of

text: gas

text: particles

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: electric

text: and

text: gravitational

text: fields

text: are

text: considered

text: negligible

text: as

text: indicated

text: by

text: the

text: constant

text: velocity

text: vectors

text: in

text: the

text: image

text: One

text: type

text: of

text: commonly

text: known

text: gas

text: is

text: steam

text: Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass are brought toward (or "gravitate" toward) one another, including planets, stars and galaxies. Since energy and mass are equivalent, all forms of energy, including light, also cause gravitation and are under the influence of it. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects and causes the ocean tides. The gravitational attraction of the original gaseous matter present in the Universe caused it to begin coalescing, forming stars  and the stars to group together into galaxies  so gravity is responsible for many of the large scale structures in the Universe. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become increasingly weaker on farther objects.

text: Gravity

text: or

text: gravitation

text: is

text: natural

text: phenomenon

text: by

text: which

text: all

text: things

text: with

text: mass

text: are

text: brought

text: toward

text: or

text: gravitate

text: toward

text: one

text: another

text: including

text: planets

text: stars

text: and

text: galaxies

text: Since

text: energy

text: and

text: mass

text: are

text: equivalent

text: all

text: forms

text: of

text: energy

text: including

text: light

text: also

text: cause

text: gravitation

text: and

text: are

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: it

text: On

text: Earth

text: gravity

text: gives

text: weight

text: to

text: physical

text: objects

text: and

text: causes

text: the

text: ocean

text: tides

text: The

text: gravitational

text: attraction

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: gaseous

text: matter

text: present

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: caused

text: it

text: to

text: begin

text: coalescing

text: forming

text: stars

text: and

text: the

text: stars

text: to

text: group

text: together

text: into

text: galaxies

text: so

text: gravity

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: large

text: scale

text: structures

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: Gravity

text: has

text: an

text: infinite

text: range

text: although

text: its

text: effects

text: become

text: increasingly

text: weaker

text: on

text: farther

text: objects

text: Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with subatomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.

text: Ionization

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: by

text: which

text: an

text: atom

text: or

text: molecule

text: acquires

text: negative

text: or

text: positive

text: charge

text: by

text: gaining

text: or

text: losing

text: electrons

text: to

text: form

text: ions

text: often

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: other

text: chemical

text: changes

text: Ionization

text: can

text: result

text: from

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: an

text: electron

text: after

text: collisions

text: with

text: subatomic

text: particles

text: collisions

text: with

text: other

text: atoms

text: molecules

text: and

text: ions

text: or

text: through

text: the

text: interaction

text: with

text: light

text: Heterolytic

text: bond

text: cleavage

text: and

text: heterolytic

text: substitution

text: reactions

text: can

text: result

text: in

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: ion

text: pairs

text: Ionization

text: can

text: occur

text: through

text: radioactive

text: decay

text: by

text: the

text: internal

text: conversion

text: process

text: in

text: which

text: an

text: excited

text: nucleus

text: transfers

text: its

text: energy

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: inner

text: shell

text: electrons

text: causing

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: ejected

text: Internal conversion is a radioactive decay process wherein an excited nucleus interacts electromagnetically with one of the orbital electrons of the atom. This causes the electron to be emitted (ejected) from the atom. Thus, in an internal conversion process, a high-energy electron is emitted from the radioactive atom, but not from the nucleus. For this reason, the high-speed electrons resulting from internal conversion are not called beta particles, since the latter come from beta decay, where they are newly created in the nuclear decay process.

text: Internal

text: conversion

text: is

text: radioactive

text: decay

text: process

text: wherein

text: an

text: excited

text: nucleus

text: interacts

text: electromagnetically

text: with

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: orbital

text: electrons

text: of

text: the

text: atom

text: This

text: causes

text: the

text: electron

text: to

text: be

text: emitted

text: ejected

text: from

text: the

text: atom

text: Thus

text: in

text: an

text: internal

text: conversion

text: process

text: high

text: energy

text: electron

text: is

text: emitted

text: from

text: the

text: radioactive

text: atom

text: but

text: not

text: from

text: the

text: nucleus

text: For

text: this

text: reason

text: the

text: high

text: speed

text: electrons

text: resulting

text: from

text: internal

text: conversion

text: are

text: not

text: called

text: beta

text: particles

text: since

text: the

text: latter

text: come

text: from

text: beta

text: decay

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: newly

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: nuclear

text: decay

text: process

text: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are very small; typical sizes are around 100 picometers (a ten-billionth of a meter, in the short scale).

text: An

text: atom

text: is

text: the

text: smallest

text: constituent

text: unit

text: of

text: ordinary

text: matter

text: that

text: has

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: chemical

text: element

text: Every

text: solid

text: liquid

text: gas

text: and

text: plasma

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: neutral

text: or

text: ionized

text: atoms

text: Atoms

text: are

text: very

text: small

text: typical

text: sizes

text: are

text: around

text: picometers

text: ten

text: billionth

text: of

text: meter

text: in

text: the

text: short

text: scale

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely single

annotations: likely multiple

question: part_of emission nebula

answer: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy

text: galaxy


text:
The Romanian School of Neurology influenced a great share of Romanian and foreign
neurologists, descending from a group of Gheorghe Marinescu's co-workers at the Neurological Department of the Colentina Hospital at the Bucharest University. One can therefore also speak of Marinescu's School of Neurology.

text: The

text: Romanian

text: School

text: of

text: Neurology

text: influenced

text: great

text: share

text: of

text: Romanian

text: and

text: foreign

text: neurologists

text: descending

text: from

text: group

text: of

text: Gheorghe

text: Marinescu

text: 's

text: co

text: workers

text: at

text: the

text: Neurological

text: Department

text: of

text: the

text: Colentina

text: Hospital

text: at

text: the

text: Bucharest

text: University

text: One

text: can

text: therefore

text: also

text: speak

text: of

text: Marinescu

text: 's

text: School

text: of

text: Neurology

text: Gheorghe Marinescu (28 February 1863  15 May 1938) was a Romanian neurologist, founder of the Romanian School of Neurology.

text: Gheorghe

text: Marinescu

text: February

text: May

text: was

text: Romanian

text: neurologist

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Romanian

text: School

text: of

text: Neurology

text: Gheorghe Marinescu ( Romanian : ( eore marinesku ) ; February 28 , 1863 -- May 15 , 1938 ) was a Romanian neurologist , founder of the Romanian School of Neurology .

text: Gheorghe

text: Marinescu

text: Romanian

text: eore

text: marinesku

text: February

text: May

text: was

text: Romanian

text: neurologist

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Romanian

text: School

text: of

text: Neurology

annotations: follows single

question: date_of_death gheorghe marinescu

answer: 15 may 1938

text: 15 may 1938


text: The Lebanese Forces (")" is a Lebanese political party and formerly Christian militia during the Lebanese Civil War. It currently holds eight of the 64 Christian seats in Lebanon's parliament and is therefore the second largest Christian party in parliament

text: The

text: Lebanese

text: Forces

text: is

text: Lebanese

text: political

text: party

text: and

text: formerly

text: Christian

text: militia

text: during

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Civil

text: War

text: It

text: currently

text: holds

text: eight

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: seats

text: in

text: Lebanon

text: 's

text: parliament

text: and

text: is

text: therefore

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: Christian

text: party

text: in

text: parliament

text: Antoine Zahra ( Arabic :    , also   , born 1956 ) is a Lebanese Maronite politician and a member of the Lebanese Forces party . He has been an MP in the Lebanese Parliament as a representative of Batroun district since the 2005 legislative elections . He got re-elected in the 2009 legislative elections . He is married to Dima Younan and they have one daughter , Tatiana .

text: Antoine

text: Zahra

text: Arabic

text: also

text: born

text: is

text: Lebanese

text: Maronite

text: politician

text: and

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Forces

text: party

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: MP

text: in

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Parliament

text: as

text: representative

text: of

text: Batroun

text: district

text: since

text: the

text: legislative

text: elections

text: He

text: got

text: re

text: elected

text: in

text: the

text: legislative

text: elections

text: He

text: is

text: married

text: to

text: Dima

text: Younan

text: and

text: they

text: have

text: one

text: daughter

text: Tatiana

text: Lebanon , officially known as the Lebanese Republic, is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity. At just 10,452 km (4,036 sq. mi.), it is the smallest recognized country on the entire mainland Asian continent.

text: Lebanon

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Republic

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Syria

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: while

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: west

text: across

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Lebanon

text: 's

text: location

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Basin

text: and

text: the

text: Arabian

text: hinterland

text: facilitated

text: its

text: rich

text: history

text: and

text: shaped

text: cultural

text: identity

text: of

text: religious

text: and

text: ethnic

text: diversity

text: At

text: just

text: km

text: sq

text: mi

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: smallest

text: recognized

text: country

text: on

text: the

text: entire

text: mainland

text: Asian

text: continent

text: Batroun District is a district ("qadaa") in the North Governorate, Lebanon, south of Tripoli. The capital is Batroun.

text: Batroun

text: District

text: is

text: district

text: qadaa

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Governorate

text: Lebanon

text: south

text: of

text: Tripoli

text: The

text: capital

text: is

text: Batroun

text: The Lebanese Civil War (- "Al-arb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnniyyah") was a multifaceted civil war in Lebanon, lasting from 1975 to 1990 and resulting in an estimated 250,000 fatalities. As of 2012, approximately 76,000 people remain displaced within Lebanon. There was also an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon as a result of the war.

text: The

text: Lebanese

text: Civil

text: War

text: Al

text: arb

text: al

text: Ahliyyah

text: al

text: Libnniyyah

text: was

text: multifaceted

text: civil

text: war

text: in

text: Lebanon

text: lasting

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: resulting

text: in

text: an

text: estimated

text: fatalities

text: As

text: of

text: approximately

text: people

text: remain

text: displaced

text: within

text: Lebanon

text: There

text: was

text: also

text: an

text: exodus

text: of

text: almost

text: one

text: million

text: people

text: from

text: Lebanon

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: Batroun (' ' "") is a coastal city in northern Lebanon and one of the oldest cities in the world. It is the capital city of Batroun District.

text: Batroun

text: is

text: coastal

text: city

text: in

text: northern

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Batroun

text: District

question: country_of_citizenship antoine zahra

answer: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon

text: lebanon


text: Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a Census-estimated 2,636,735 residents in 2015. It borders the borough of Queens at the southwestern end of Long Island. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, the most populous county in the U.S. state of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after the county of New York (which is coextensive with the borough of Manhattan).

text: Brooklyn

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: borough

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: with

text: Census

text: estimated

text: residents

text: in

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: borough

text: of

text: Queens

text: at

text: the

text: southwestern

text: end

text: of

text: Long

text: Island

text: Since

text: Brooklyn

text: has

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: boundaries

text: as

text: Kings

text: County

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: after

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: which

text: is

text: coextensive

text: with

text: the

text: borough

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: Major Robert Odell Owens ( June 28 , 1936 -- October 21 , 2013 ) was a New York politician and a prominent member of the Democratic Party who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 2007 , representing the state 's 11th Congressional district . He retired at the end of his term in January 2007 and was succeeded by Yvette Clarke .

text: Major

text: Robert

text: Odell

text: Owens

text: June

text: October

text: was

text: New

text: York

text: politician

text: and

text: prominent

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: who

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: from

text: to

text: representing

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: Congressional

text: district

text: He

text: retired

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: term

text: in

text: January

text: and

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: Yvette

text: Clarke

text: A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. Legislatures form important parts of most governments; in the separation of powers model, they are often contrasted with the executive and judicial branches of government.

text: legislature

text: is

text: deliberative

text: assembly

text: with

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: make

text: laws

text: for

text: political

text: entity

text: such

text: as

text: country

text: or

text: city

text: Legislatures

text: form

text: important

text: parts

text: of

text: most

text: governments

text: in

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: model

text: they

text: are

text: often

text: contrasted

text: with

text: the

text: executive

text: and

text: judicial

text: branches

text: of

text: government

text: The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington, D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment. Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party, and only rarely to a third party or as independents. Congress has 535 voting members: 435 Representatives and 100 Senators. The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members. These members can, however, sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation. These members represent Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: is

text: the

text: bicameral

text: legislature

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: consisting

text: of

text: two

text: chambers

text: the

text: Senate

text: and

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: The

text: Congress

text: meets

text: in

text: the

text: Capitol

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: Both

text: senators

text: and

text: representatives

text: are

text: chosen

text: through

text: direct

text: election

text: though

text: vacancies

text: in

text: the

text: Senate

text: may

text: be

text: filled

text: by

text: gubernatorial

text: appointment

text: Members

text: are

text: usually

text: affiliated

text: to

text: the

text: Republican

text: Party

text: or

text: to

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: and

text: only

text: rarely

text: to

text: third

text: party

text: or

text: as

text: independents

text: Congress

text: has

text: voting

text: members

text: Representatives

text: and

text: Senators

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: has

text: six

text: non

text: voting

text: members

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: its

text: voting

text: members

text: These

text: members

text: can

text: however

text: sit

text: on

text: congressional

text: committees

text: and

text: introduce

text: legislation

text: These

text: members

text: represent

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: American

text: Samoa

text: Guam

text: the

text: Northern

text: Mariana

text: Islands

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Virgin

text: Islands

text: The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress which, along with the Senate, composes the legislature of the United States.

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: is

text: the

text: lower

text: chamber

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: which

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Senate

text: composes

text: the

text: legislature

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Yvette Diane Clarke (born November 21, 1964) is a Democratic member of the US House of Representatives from New York. Clarke's district was numbered the 11th district from 2007 to 2013, and redistricted as the 9th district in 2013 covering much of central Brooklyn.

text: Yvette

text: Diane

text: Clarke

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: Democratic

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: from

text: New

text: York

text: Clarke

text: 's

text: district

text: was

text: numbered

text: the

text: district

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: redistricted

text: as

text: the

text: district

text: in

text: covering

text: much

text: of

text: central

text: Brooklyn

question: place_of_death major r. owens

answer: manhattan

text: manhattan