text: An instrumental is a musical composition or recording without lyrics, or singing, although it might include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a Big Band setting. The music is primarily or exclusively produced by musical instruments. An instrumental can exist in music notation, after it is written by a composer; in the mind of the composer (especially in cases where the composer herself will perform the piece, as in the case of a blues solo guitarist or a folk music fiddle player); as a piece that is performed live by a single instrumentalist or a musical ensemble, which could range in size from a duo or trio to a large Big Band, concert band or orchestra.

text: An

text: instrumental

text: is

text: musical

text: composition

text: or

text: recording

text: without

text: lyrics

text: or

text: singing

text: although

text: it

text: might

text: include

text: some

text: inarticulate

text: vocals

text: such

text: as

text: shouted

text: backup

text: vocals

text: in

text: Big

text: Band

text: setting

text: The

text: music

text: is

text: primarily

text: or

text: exclusively

text: produced

text: by

text: musical

text: instruments

text: An

text: instrumental

text: can

text: exist

text: in

text: music

text: notation

text: after

text: it

text: is

text: written

text: by

text: composer

text: in

text: the

text: mind

text: of

text: the

text: composer

text: especially

text: in

text: cases

text: where

text: the

text: composer

text: herself

text: will

text: perform

text: the

text: piece

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: blues

text: solo

text: guitarist

text: or

text: folk

text: music

text: fiddle

text: player

text: as

text: piece

text: that

text: is

text: performed

text: live

text: by

text: single

text: instrumentalist

text: or

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: which

text: could

text: range

text: in

text: size

text: from

text: duo

text: or

text: trio

text: to

text: large

text: Big

text: Band

text: concert

text: band

text: or

text: orchestra

text: Music

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: and

text: cultural

text: activity

text: whose

text: medium

text: is

text: sound

text: and

text: silence

text: which

text: exist

text: in

text: time

text: The

text: common

text: elements

text: of

text: music

text: are

text: pitch

text: which

text: governs

text: melody

text: and

text: harmony

text: rhythm

text: and

text: its

text: associated

text: concepts

text: tempo

text: meter

text: and

text: articulation

text: dynamics

text: loudness

text: and

text: softness

text: and

text: the

text: sonic

text: qualities

text: of

text: timbre

text: and

text: texture

text: which

text: are

text: sometimes

text: termed

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: musical

text: sound

text: Different

text: styles

text: or

text: types

text: of

text: music

text: may

text: emphasize

text: de

text: emphasize

text: or

text: omit

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: elements

text: Music

text: is

text: performed

text: with

text: vast

text: range

text: of

text: instruments

text: and

text: vocal

text: techniques

text: ranging

text: from

text: singing

text: to

text: rapping

text: there

text: are

text: solely

text: instrumental

text: pieces

text: solely

text: vocal

text: pieces

text: such

text: as

text: songs

text: without

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: and

text: pieces

text: that

text: combine

text: singing

text: and

text: instruments

text: The

text: word

text: derives

text: from

text: Greek

text: mousike

text: art

text: of

text: the

text: Muses

text: In

text: its

text: most

text: general

text: form

text: the

text: activities

text: describing

text: music

text: as

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: include

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: works

text: of

text: music

text: songs

text: tunes

text: symphonies

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: music

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: examination

text: of

text: music

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: and

text: Indian

text: philosophers

text: defined

text: music

text: as

text: tones

text: ordered

text: horizontally

text: as

text: melodies

text: and

text: vertically

text: as

text: harmonies

text: Common

text: sayings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: harmony

text: of

text: the

text: spheres

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: music

text: to

text: my

text: ears

text: point

text: to

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: music

text: is

text: often

text: ordered

text: and

text: pleasant

text: to

text: listen

text: to

text: However

text: century

text: composer

text: John

text: Cage

text: thought

text: that

text: any

text: sound

text: can

text: be

text: music

text: saying

text: for

text: example

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: noise

text: only

text: sound

text: A wind quintet, also known as a woodwind quintet, is a group of five wind players (most commonly flute, oboe, clarinet, horn and bassoon). The term also applies to a composition for such a group.

text: wind

text: quintet

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: woodwind

text: quintet

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: five

text: wind

text: players

text: most

text: commonly

text: flute

text: oboe

text: clarinet

text: horn

text: and

text: bassoon

text: The

text: term

text: also

text: applies

text: to

text: composition

text: for

text: such

text: group

text: A Kobzar (pl. kobzari ) was an itinerant Ukrainian bard who sang to his own accompaniment played on a multistringed bandura or kobza.

text: Kobzar

text: pl

text: kobzari

text: was

text: an

text: itinerant

text: Ukrainian

text: bard

text: who

text: sang

text: to

text: his

text: own

text: accompaniment

text: played

text: on

text: multistringed

text: bandura

text: or

text: kobza

text: An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which features string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, grouped in sections. Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and, for performances of some modern compositions, electronic instruments.

text: An

text: orchestra

text: is

text: large

text: instrumental

text: ensemble

text: typical

text: of

text: classical

text: music

text: which

text: features

text: string

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: violin

text: viola

text: cello

text: and

text: double

text: bass

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: brass

text: woodwinds

text: and

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: grouped

text: in

text: sections

text: Other

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: piano

text: and

text: celesta

text: may

text: sometimes

text: appear

text: in

text: fifth

text: keyboard

text: section

text: or

text: may

text: stand

text: alone

text: as

text: may

text: the

text: concert

text: harp

text: and

text: for

text: performances

text: of

text: some

text: modern

text: compositions

text: electronic

text: instruments

text: Opera (English plural: "operas"; Italian plural: "opere" ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. In traditional opera, singers do two types of singing: recitative, a speech-inflected style and arias, a more melodic style. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor.

text: Opera

text: English

text: plural

text: operas

text: Italian

text: plural

text: opere

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: in

text: which

text: singers

text: and

text: musicians

text: perform

text: dramatic

text: work

text: combining

text: text

text: libretto

text: and

text: musical

text: score

text: usually

text: in

text: theatrical

text: setting

text: In

text: traditional

text: opera

text: singers

text: do

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: singing

text: recitative

text: speech

text: inflected

text: style

text: and

text: arias

text: more

text: melodic

text: style

text: Opera

text: incorporates

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: of

text: spoken

text: theatre

text: such

text: as

text: acting

text: scenery

text: and

text: costumes

text: and

text: sometimes

text: includes

text: dance

text: The

text: performance

text: is

text: typically

text: given

text: in

text: an

text: opera

text: house

text: accompanied

text: by

text: an

text: orchestra

text: or

text: smaller

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: which

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: has

text: been

text: led

text: by

text: conductor

text: A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players  two violin players, a viola player and a cellist  or a piece written to be performed by such a group. The string quartet is one of the most prominent chamber ensembles in classical music, with most major composers, from the mid to late 18th century onwards, writing string quartets.

text: string

text: quartet

text: is

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: of

text: four

text: string

text: players

text: two

text: violin

text: players

text: viola

text: player

text: and

text: cellist

text: or

text: piece

text: written

text: to

text: be

text: performed

text: by

text: such

text: group

text: The

text: string

text: quartet

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: chamber

text: ensembles

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: with

text: most

text: major

text: composers

text: from

text: the

text: mid

text: to

text: late

text: century

text: onwards

text: writing

text: string

text: quartets

text: Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols to indicate the pitches (melodies), rhythms and/or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece. Like its analogs  printed books or pamphlets in English, Arabic or other languages  the medium of sheet music typically is paper (or, in earlier centuries, papyrus or parchment), although the access to musical notation since the 1980s has included the presentation of musical notation on computer screens and the development of scorewriter computer programs that can notate a song or piece electronically, and, in some cases, "play back" the notated music using a synthesizer or virtual instruments.

text: Sheet

text: music

text: is

text: handwritten

text: or

text: printed

text: form

text: of

text: music

text: notation

text: that

text: uses

text: modern

text: musical

text: symbols

text: to

text: indicate

text: the

text: pitches

text: melodies

text: rhythms

text: and/or

text: chords

text: of

text: song

text: or

text: instrumental

text: musical

text: piece

text: Like

text: its

text: analogs

text: printed

text: books

text: or

text: pamphlets

text: in

text: English

text: Arabic

text: or

text: other

text: languages

text: the

text: medium

text: of

text: sheet

text: music

text: typically

text: is

text: paper

text: or

text: in

text: earlier

text: centuries

text: papyrus

text: or

text: parchment

text: although

text: the

text: access

text: to

text: musical

text: notation

text: since

text: the

text: has

text: included

text: the

text: presentation

text: of

text: musical

text: notation

text: on

text: computer

text: screens

text: and

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: scorewriter

text: computer

text: programs

text: that

text: can

text: notate

text: song

text: or

text: piece

text: electronically

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: play

text: back

text: the

text: notated

text: music

text: using

text: synthesizer

text: or

text: virtual

text: instruments

text: The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument, in which the strings are struck by hammers. It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. Invented in about 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), the piano is widely employed in classical, jazz, traditional and popular music for solo and ensemble performances, accompaniment, and for composing, songwriting and rehearsals. Although the piano is very heavy and thus not portable and is expensive (in comparison with other widely used accompaniment instruments, such as the acoustic guitar), its musical versatility (i.e., its wide pitch range, ability to play chords with up to 10 notes, louder or softer notes and two or more independent musical lines at the same time), the large number of musicians and amateurs trained in playing it, and its wide availability in performance venues, schools and rehearsal spaces have made it one of the Western world's most familiar musical instruments.

text: The

text: piano

text: is

text: an

text: acoustic

text: stringed

text: musical

text: instrument

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: strings

text: are

text: struck

text: by

text: hammers

text: It

text: is

text: played

text: using

text: keyboard

text: which

text: is

text: row

text: of

text: keys

text: small

text: levers

text: that

text: the

text: performer

text: presses

text: down

text: or

text: strikes

text: with

text: the

text: fingers

text: and

text: thumbs

text: of

text: both

text: hands

text: to

text: cause

text: the

text: hammers

text: to

text: strike

text: the

text: strings

text: Invented

text: in

text: about

text: the

text: exact

text: year

text: is

text: uncertain

text: the

text: piano

text: is

text: widely

text: employed

text: in

text: classical

text: jazz

text: traditional

text: and

text: popular

text: music

text: for

text: solo

text: and

text: ensemble

text: performances

text: accompaniment

text: and

text: for

text: composing

text: songwriting

text: and

text: rehearsals

text: Although

text: the

text: piano

text: is

text: very

text: heavy

text: and

text: thus

text: not

text: portable

text: and

text: is

text: expensive

text: in

text: comparison

text: with

text: other

text: widely

text: used

text: accompaniment

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: acoustic

text: guitar

text: its

text: musical

text: versatility

text: i.e.

text: its

text: wide

text: pitch

text: range

text: ability

text: to

text: play

text: chords

text: with

text: up

text: to

text: notes

text: louder

text: or

text: softer

text: notes

text: and

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: independent

text: musical

text: lines

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: musicians

text: and

text: amateurs

text: trained

text: in

text: playing

text: it

text: and

text: its

text: wide

text: availability

text: in

text: performance

text: venues

text: schools

text: and

text: rehearsal

text: spaces

text: have

text: made

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: familiar

text: musical

text: instruments

text: A banduryst is a person who plays the Ukrainian plucked string instrument known as the bandura.

text: banduryst

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: plays

text: the

text: Ukrainian

text: plucked

text: string

text: instrument

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: bandura

text: Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols, including ancient symbols or modern musical symbols and including ancient symbols cut into stone, made in clay tablets or made using a pen on papyrus, parchment or manuscript paper; printed using a printing press (ca. 1400s), a computer printer (ca. 1980s) or other printing or modern copying technology. Types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary. Even in the same time period, such as in the 2010s, different styles of music and different cultures use different music notation methods; for example, for professional classical music performers, sheet music using staves and note heads is the most common way of notating music, but for professional country music session musicians, the Nashville Number System is the main method.

text: Music

text: notation

text: or

text: musical

text: notation

text: is

text: any

text: system

text: used

text: to

text: visually

text: represent

text: aurally

text: perceived

text: music

text: played

text: with

text: instruments

text: or

text: sung

text: by

text: the

text: human

text: voice

text: through

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: written

text: printed

text: or

text: otherwise

text: produced

text: symbols

text: including

text: ancient

text: symbols

text: or

text: modern

text: musical

text: symbols

text: and

text: including

text: ancient

text: symbols

text: cut

text: into

text: stone

text: made

text: in

text: clay

text: tablets

text: or

text: made

text: using

text: pen

text: on

text: papyrus

text: parchment

text: or

text: manuscript

text: paper

text: printed

text: using

text: printing

text: press

text: ca

text: computer

text: printer

text: ca

text: or

text: other

text: printing

text: or

text: modern

text: copying

text: technology

text: Types

text: and

text: methods

text: of

text: notation

text: have

text: varied

text: between

text: cultures

text: and

text: throughout

text: history

text: and

text: much

text: information

text: about

text: ancient

text: music

text: notation

text: is

text: fragmentary

text: Even

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: period

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: different

text: styles

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: different

text: cultures

text: use

text: different

text: music

text: notation

text: methods

text: for

text: example

text: for

text: professional

text: classical

text: music

text: performers

text: sheet

text: music

text: using

text: staves

text: and

text: note

text: heads

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: way

text: of

text: notating

text: music

text: but

text: for

text: professional

text: country

text: music

text: session

text: musicians

text: the

text: Nashville

text: Number

text: System

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: method

text: An art song is a vocal music composition, usually written for one voice with piano accompaniment, and usually in the classical art music tradition. By extension, the term "art song" is used to refer to the collective genre of such songs (e.g., the "art song repertoire"). An art song is most often a musical setting of an independent poem or text, "intended for the concert repertory" "as part of a recital or other relatively formal social occasion". While many pieces of vocal music are easily recognized as art songs, others are more difficult to categorize. For example, a wordless vocalise written by a classical composer is sometimes considered an art song and sometimes not.

text: An

text: art

text: song

text: is

text: vocal

text: music

text: composition

text: usually

text: written

text: for

text: one

text: voice

text: with

text: piano

text: accompaniment

text: and

text: usually

text: in

text: the

text: classical

text: art

text: music

text: tradition

text: By

text: extension

text: the

text: term

text: art

text: song

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: collective

text: genre

text: of

text: such

text: songs

text: e.g.

text: the

text: art

text: song

text: repertoire

text: An

text: art

text: song

text: is

text: most

text: often

text: musical

text: setting

text: of

text: an

text: independent

text: poem

text: or

text: text

text: intended

text: for

text: the

text: concert

text: repertory

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: recital

text: or

text: other

text: relatively

text: formal

text: social

text: occasion

text: While

text: many

text: pieces

text: of

text: vocal

text: music

text: are

text: easily

text: recognized

text: as

text: art

text: songs

text: others

text: are

text: more

text: difficult

text: to

text: categorize

text: For

text: example

text: wordless

text: vocalise

text: written

text: by

text: classical

text: composer

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: an

text: art

text: song

text: and

text: sometimes

text: not

text: A bandura is a Ukrainian, plucked string, folk instrument. It combines elements of the zither and lute and, up until the 1940s, was also often referred to by the term kobza. Early instruments (c. 1700) had 5 to 12 strings and similar to the lute. In the 20th century, the number of strings increased initially to 31 strings (1926), 56 strings (1954) and up to 68 strings on modern chromaticism 'concert' instruments.

text: bandura

text: is

text: Ukrainian

text: plucked

text: string

text: folk

text: instrument

text: It

text: combines

text: elements

text: of

text: the

text: zither

text: and

text: lute

text: and

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: was

text: also

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: by

text: the

text: term

text: kobza

text: Early

text: instruments

text: had

text: to

text: strings

text: and

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: lute

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: strings

text: increased

text: initially

text: to

text: strings

text: strings

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: strings

text: on

text: modern

text: chromaticism

text: concert

text: instruments

text: A composer (Latin "compn"; literally "one who puts together") is a person who creates or writes music, which can be vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music (e.g., for solo piano, string quartet, wind quintet or orchestra) or music which combines both instruments and voices (e.g., opera or art song, which is a singer accompanied by a pianist). The core meaning of the term refers to individuals who have contributed to the tradition of Western classical music through creation of works expressed in written musical notation (e.g., sheet music scores).

text: composer

text: Latin

text: compn

text: literally

text: one

text: who

text: puts

text: together

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: creates

text: or

text: writes

text: music

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: vocal

text: music

text: for

text: singer

text: or

text: choir

text: instrumental

text: music

text: e.g.

text: for

text: solo

text: piano

text: string

text: quartet

text: wind

text: quintet

text: or

text: orchestra

text: or

text: music

text: which

text: combines

text: both

text: instruments

text: and

text: voices

text: e.g.

text: opera

text: or

text: art

text: song

text: which

text: is

text: singer

text: accompanied

text: by

text: pianist

text: The

text: core

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: refers

text: to

text: individuals

text: who

text: have

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: Western

text: classical

text: music

text: through

text: creation

text: of

text: works

text: expressed

text: in

text: written

text: musical

text: notation

text: e.g.

text: sheet

text: music

text: scores

text: The kobza is a Ukrainian folk music instrument of the lute family (Hornbostel-Sachs classification number 321.321-5+6), a relative of the Central European mandora. The term kobza however, has also been applied to a number of other Eastern European instruments distinct from the Ukrainian kobza.

text: The

text: kobza

text: is

text: Ukrainian

text: folk

text: music

text: instrument

text: of

text: the

text: lute

text: family

text: Hornbostel

text: Sachs

text: classification

text: number

text: relative

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: European

text: mandora

text: The

text: term

text: kobza

text: however

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: Eastern

text: European

text: instruments

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: Ukrainian

text: kobza

text: Vocal music is a type of music performed by one or more singers, with or without instrumental accompaniment (a cappella), in which singing provides the main focus of the piece. Music which employs singing but does not feature it prominently is generally considered instrumental music (e.g. the wordless women's choir in the final movement of Holst's The Planets) as is music without singing. Music without any non-vocal instrumental accompaniment is referred to as "a cappella".

text: Vocal

text: music

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: music

text: performed

text: by

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: singers

text: with

text: or

text: without

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: cappella

text: in

text: which

text: singing

text: provides

text: the

text: main

text: focus

text: of

text: the

text: piece

text: Music

text: which

text: employs

text: singing

text: but

text: does

text: not

text: feature

text: it

text: prominently

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: instrumental

text: music

text: e.g.

text: the

text: wordless

text: women

text: 's

text: choir

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: movement

text: of

text: Holst

text: 's

text: The

text: Planets

text: as

text: is

text: music

text: without

text: singing

text: Music

text: without

text: any

text: non

text: vocal

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: cappella

text: Kobzarskyi Tsekh ("Kobzars'kyi Tsekh") - literally "Kobzar guild" - is an organization of kobzars, which existed from the 17th century in Ukraine.

text: Kobzarskyi

text: Tsekh

text: Kobzars'kyi

text: Tsekh

text: literally

text: Kobzar

text: guild

text: is

text: an

text: organization

text: of

text: kobzars

text: which

text: existed

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: A song, most broadly, is a single (and often standalone) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections. Written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created, are called lyrics. If a pre-existing poem is set to composed music in classical music it is an art song. Songs that are sung on repeated pitches without distinct contours and patterns that rise and fall are called chants. Songs in a simple style that are learned informally are often referred to as folk songs. Songs that are composed for professional singers who sell their recordings or live shows to the mass market are called popular songs. These songs, which have broad appeal, are often composed by professional songwriters, composers and lyricists. Art songs are composed by trained classical composers for concert or recital performances. Songs are performed live and recorded on audio or video (or in some, cases, a song may be performed live and simultaneously recorded). Songs may also appear in plays, musical theatre, stage shows of any form, and within operas.

text: song

text: most

text: broadly

text: is

text: single

text: and

text: often

text: standalone

text: work

text: of

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: typically

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: sung

text: by

text: the

text: human

text: voice

text: with

text: distinct

text: and

text: fixed

text: pitches

text: and

text: patterns

text: using

text: sound

text: and

text: silence

text: and

text: variety

text: of

text: forms

text: that

text: often

text: include

text: the

text: repetition

text: of

text: sections

text: Written

text: words

text: created

text: specifically

text: for

text: music

text: or

text: for

text: which

text: music

text: is

text: specifically

text: created

text: are

text: called

text: lyrics

text: If

text: pre

text: existing

text: poem

text: is

text: set

text: to

text: composed

text: music

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: song

text: Songs

text: that

text: are

text: sung

text: on

text: repeated

text: pitches

text: without

text: distinct

text: contours

text: and

text: patterns

text: that

text: rise

text: and

text: fall

text: are

text: called

text: chants

text: Songs

text: in

text: simple

text: style

text: that

text: are

text: learned

text: informally

text: are

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: folk

text: songs

text: Songs

text: that

text: are

text: composed

text: for

text: professional

text: singers

text: who

text: sell

text: their

text: recordings

text: or

text: live

text: shows

text: to

text: the

text: mass

text: market

text: are

text: called

text: popular

text: songs

text: These

text: songs

text: which

text: have

text: broad

text: appeal

text: are

text: often

text: composed

text: by

text: professional

text: songwriters

text: composers

text: and

text: lyricists

text: Art

text: songs

text: are

text: composed

text: by

text: trained

text: classical

text: composers

text: for

text: concert

text: or

text: recital

text: performances

text: Songs

text: are

text: performed

text: live

text: and

text: recorded

text: on

text: audio

text: or

text: video

text: or

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: song

text: may

text: be

text: performed

text: live

text: and

text: simultaneously

text: recorded

text: Songs

text: may

text: also

text: appear

text: in

text: plays

text: musical

text: theatre

text: stage

text: shows

text: of

text: any

text: form

text: and

text: within

text: operas

text: ras mpanichenk ( Ukrainian :   -- born in 1969 in Kyiv , Ukraine ) is a recording artist , an influential kobzar , bandurist , lutenist , lira player , composer and singer - songwriter . He is an active member of the Kobzarskyi Tsekh ( literally `` Kobzar guild '' ) as well as of the Early Music ensembles `` Chorea Kozacka '' and `` Sarmatica '' . He was an active participant in the Orange Revolution that took place in Ukraine from November 2004 to January 2005 as well as Euromaidan 2013 - 2014 . He is laureate of the Vasyl Stus Prize . Originally trained as a painter and an art historian , he gave up this profession in favor of music .

text: ras

text: mpanichenk

text: Ukrainian

text: born

text: in

text: in

text: Kyiv

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: recording

text: artist

text: an

text: influential

text: kobzar

text: bandurist

text: lutenist

text: lira

text: player

text: composer

text: and

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: He

text: is

text: an

text: active

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Kobzarskyi

text: Tsekh

text: literally

text: Kobzar

text: guild

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: Early

text: Music

text: ensembles

text: Chorea

text: Kozacka

text: and

text: Sarmatica

text: He

text: was

text: an

text: active

text: participant

text: in

text: the

text: Orange

text: Revolution

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: from

text: November

text: to

text: January

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Euromaidan

text: He

text: is

text: laureate

text: of

text: the

text: Vasyl

text: Stus

text: Prize

text: Originally

text: trained

text: as

text: painter

text: and

text: an

text: art

text: historian

text: he

text: gave

text: up

text: this

text: profession

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: music

question: instrument taras kompanichenko

answer: bandura

text: bandura

text: bandura

text: bandura


text: Time Tunnel is a computer game for the Commodore 64 . The aim of the game is to teleport between different ages to solve puzzles , find `` The Seven Scriptures '' and become King of the Gnomes . The different locations you move between in the game are : The Gnome Mansion , where the time machine is assembled Stone Age , 9600 BC Magical Persia , 893 BC Mythological Greece , 86 BC Colonial Salem , Maine , 1692 AD California Gold Rush , 1849 AD Intergalactic Spaceship , 3456 AD The Black Hole , 9999 AD

text: Time

text: Tunnel

text: is

text: computer

text: game

text: for

text: the

text: Commodore

text: The

text: aim

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: is

text: to

text: teleport

text: between

text: different

text: ages

text: to

text: solve

text: puzzles

text: find

text: The

text: Seven

text: Scriptures

text: and

text: become

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: Gnomes

text: The

text: different

text: locations

text: you

text: move

text: between

text: in

text: the

text: game

text: are

text: The

text: Gnome

text: Mansion

text: where

text: the

text: time

text: machine

text: is

text: assembled

text: Stone

text: Age

text: BC

text: Magical

text: Persia

text: BC

text: Mythological

text: Greece

text: BC

text: Colonial

text: Salem

text: Maine

text: AD

text: California

text: Gold

text: Rush

text: AD

text: Intergalactic

text: Spaceship

text: AD

text: The

text: Black

text: Hole

text: AD

text: Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s. They were marketed to consumers as affordable and accessible computers that, for the first time, were intended for the use of a single nontechnical user. These computers were a distinct market segment that typically cost much less than business, scientific or engineering-oriented computers of the time such as the IBM PC, and were generally less powerful in terms of memory and expandability. However, a home computer often had better graphics and sound than contemporaneous business computers. Their most common uses were playing video games, but they were also regularly used for word processing, doing homework, and programming.

text: Home

text: computers

text: were

text: class

text: of

text: microcomputers

text: entering

text: the

text: market

text: in

text: and

text: becoming

text: common

text: during

text: the

text: They

text: were

text: marketed

text: to

text: consumers

text: as

text: affordable

text: and

text: accessible

text: computers

text: that

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: were

text: intended

text: for

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: single

text: nontechnical

text: user

text: These

text: computers

text: were

text: distinct

text: market

text: segment

text: that

text: typically

text: cost

text: much

text: less

text: than

text: business

text: scientific

text: or

text: engineering

text: oriented

text: computers

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: IBM

text: PC

text: and

text: were

text: generally

text: less

text: powerful

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: memory

text: and

text: expandability

text: However

text: home

text: computer

text: often

text: had

text: better

text: graphics

text: and

text: sound

text: than

text: contemporaneous

text: business

text: computers

text: Their

text: most

text: common

text: uses

text: were

text: playing

text: video

text: games

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: also

text: regularly

text: used

text: for

text: word

text: processing

text: doing

text: homework

text: and

text: programming

text: Atari is a corporate and brand name owned by several entities since its inception in 1972, currently by Atari Interactive, a subsidiary of the French publisher Atari, SA (ASA). The original Atari, Inc. founded in 1972 by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney was a pioneer in arcade games, home video game consoles, and home computers. The company's products, such as "Pong" and the Atari 2600, helped define the electronic entertainment industry from the 1970s to the mid-1980s.

text: Atari

text: is

text: corporate

text: and

text: brand

text: name

text: owned

text: by

text: several

text: entities

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: in

text: currently

text: by

text: Atari

text: Interactive

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: publisher

text: Atari

text: SA

text: ASA

text: The

text: original

text: Atari

text: Inc.

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Nolan

text: Bushnell

text: and

text: Ted

text: Dabney

text: was

text: pioneer

text: in

text: arcade

text: games

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: and

text: home

text: computers

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: products

text: such

text: as

text: Pong

text: and

text: the

text: Atari

text: helped

text: define

text: the

text: electronic

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text:
Guinness World Records, known from its inception in 1955 until 1998 as The Guinness Book of Records and in previous U.S. editions as The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually, listing world records and national records, both of human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time. As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication, published in 100 countries and 23 languages.
The international franchise has extended beyond print to include television series and museums. The popularity of the franchise has resulted in "Guinness World Records" becoming the primary international authority on the cataloguing and verification of a huge number of world records; the organisation employs official record adjudicators authorised to verify the authenticity of the setting and breaking of records.

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: known

text: from

text: its

text: inception

text: in

text: until

text: as

text: The

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: Records

text: and

text: in

text: previous

text: U.S.

text: editions

text: as

text: The

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: World

text: Records

text: is

text: reference

text: book

text: published

text: annually

text: listing

text: world

text: records

text: and

text: national

text: records

text: both

text: of

text: human

text: achievements

text: and

text: the

text: extremes

text: of

text: the

text: natural

text: world

text: The

text: book

text: itself

text: holds

text: world

text: record

text: as

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: copyrighted

text: book

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: edition

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: in

text: its

text: year

text: of

text: publication

text: published

text: in

text: countries

text: and

text: languages

text: The

text: international

text: franchise

text: has

text: extended

text: beyond

text: print

text: to

text: include

text: television

text: series

text: and

text: museums

text: The

text: popularity

text: of

text: the

text: franchise

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: becoming

text: the

text: primary

text: international

text: authority

text: on

text: the

text: cataloguing

text: and

text: verification

text: of

text: huge

text: number

text: of

text: world

text: records

text: the

text: organisation

text: employs

text: official

text: record

text: adjudicators

text: authorised

text: to

text: verify

text: the

text: authenticity

text: of

text: the

text: setting

text: and

text: breaking

text: of

text: records

text: Commodore International (or Commodore International Limited) was a North American home computer and electronics manufacturer. Commodore International (CI), along with its subsidiary Commodore Business Machines (CBM), participated in the development of the homepersonal computer industry in the 1970s and 1980s. The company developed and marketed one of the world's best-selling desktop computers, the Commodore 64 (1982) and released its Amiga computer line in July 1985.

text: Commodore

text: International

text: or

text: Commodore

text: International

text: Limited

text: was

text: North

text: American

text: home

text: computer

text: and

text: electronics

text: manufacturer

text: Commodore

text: International

text: CI

text: along

text: with

text: its

text: subsidiary

text: Commodore

text: Business

text: Machines

text: CBM

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: homepersonal

text: computer

text: industry

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: The

text: company

text: developed

text: and

text: marketed

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: best

text: selling

text: desktop

text: computers

text: the

text: Commodore

text: and

text: released

text: its

text: Amiga

text: computer

text: line

text: in

text: July

text: The VIC-20 (Germany: VC-20; Japan: VIC-1001) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. The VIC-20 was announced in 1980, roughly three years after Commodore's first personal computer, the PET. The VIC-20 was the first computer of any description to sell one million units.

text: The

text: Germany

text: Japan

text: is

text: an

text: home

text: computer

text: that

text: was

text: sold

text: by

text: Commodore

text: Business

text: Machines

text: The

text: was

text: announced

text: in

text: roughly

text: three

text: years

text: after

text: Commodore

text: 's

text: first

text: personal

text: computer

text: the

text: PET

text: The

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: computer

text: of

text: any

text: description

text: to

text: sell

text: one

text: million

text: units

text: The IBM System/360 introduced byte-addressable memory with 8-bit bytes, as opposed to bit-addressable or decimal digit-addressable or word-addressable memory, although its general purpose registers were 32 bits wide, and addresses were contained in the lower 24 bits of those addresses. Different models of System/360 had different internal data path widths; the IBM System/360 Model 30 (1965) implemented the 32-bit System/360 architecture, but had an 8 bit native path width, and performed 32-bit arithmetic 8 bits at a time.

text: The

text: IBM

text: introduced

text: byte

text: addressable

text: memory

text: with

text: bytes

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: bit

text: addressable

text: or

text: decimal

text: digit

text: addressable

text: or

text: word

text: addressable

text: memory

text: although

text: its

text: general

text: purpose

text: registers

text: were

text: bits

text: wide

text: and

text: addresses

text: were

text: contained

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: bits

text: of

text: those

text: addresses

text: Different

text: models

text: of

text: had

text: different

text: internal

text: data

text: path

text: widths

text: the

text: IBM

text: Model

text: implemented

text: the

text: architecture

text: but

text: had

text: an

text: bit

text: native

text: path

text: width

text: and

text: performed

text: arithmetic

text: bits

text: at

text: time

text: The Commodore 64, also known as the C64, C-64, C= 64, or occasionally CBM 64 or VIC-64 in Sweden, is an 8-bit home computer introduced in January 1982 by Commodore International. It is listed in the Guinness World Records as the highest-selling single computer model of all time, with independent estimates placing the number sold between 10 and 17 million units. Volume production started in early 1982, marketing in August for . Preceded by the Commodore VIC-20 and Commodore PET, the C64 took its name from its of RAM. It had superior sound and graphical specifications compared to other earlier systems such as the Apple II and Atari 800, with multi-color sprites and a more advanced sound processor.

text: The

text: Commodore

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: C=

text: or

text: occasionally

text: CBM

text: or

text: in

text: Sweden

text: is

text: an

text: home

text: computer

text: introduced

text: in

text: January

text: by

text: Commodore

text: International

text: It

text: is

text: listed

text: in

text: the

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: as

text: the

text: highest

text: selling

text: single

text: computer

text: model

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: with

text: independent

text: estimates

text: placing

text: the

text: number

text: sold

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: units

text: Volume

text: production

text: started

text: in

text: early

text: marketing

text: in

text: August

text: for

text: Preceded

text: by

text: the

text: Commodore

text: and

text: Commodore

text: PET

text: the

text: took

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: its

text: of

text: RAM

text: It

text: had

text: superior

text: sound

text: and

text: graphical

text: specifications

text: compared

text: to

text: other

text: earlier

text: systems

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Apple

text: II

text: and

text: Atari

text: with

text: multi

text: color

text: sprites

text: and

text: more

text: advanced

text: sound

text: processor

text: The Commodore PET (Personal Electronic Transactor) is a line of home/personal computers produced starting in 1977 by Commodore International. A top-seller in the Canadian and United States educational markets, it was Commodore's first full-featured computer, and formed the basis for their entire 8-bit product line, including the Commodore 64. The first model, which was named the PET 2001, was the third personal computer ever made available to retail consumers, after the Apple II and TRS-80.

text: The

text: Commodore

text: PET

text: Personal

text: Electronic

text: Transactor

text: is

text: line

text: of

text: home

text: personal

text: computers

text: produced

text: starting

text: in

text: by

text: Commodore

text: International

text: top

text: seller

text: in

text: the

text: Canadian

text: and

text: United

text: States

text: educational

text: markets

text: it

text: was

text: Commodore

text: 's

text: first

text: full

text: featured

text: computer

text: and

text: formed

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: their

text: entire

text: product

text: line

text: including

text: the

text: Commodore

text: The

text: first

text: model

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: the

text: PET

text: was

text: the

text: third

text: personal

text: computer

text: ever

text: made

text: available

text: to

text: retail

text: consumers

text: after

text: the

text: Apple

text: II

text: and

annotations: likely multiple

question: publication_date time tunnel

answer: 1985


text: The Bay of Plenty, known in Mori as "Te Moana-a-Toi", is a large indentation in the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east, a wide stretch of some 259 km of open coastline. The Bay of Plenty Region is situated around this body of water, also incorporating several large islands in the bay.

text: The

text: Bay

text: of

text: Plenty

text: known

text: in

text: Mori

text: as

text: Te

text: Moana

text: Toi

text: is

text: large

text: indentation

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: coast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: stretches

text: from

text: the

text: Coromandel

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: Cape

text: Runaway

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: wide

text: stretch

text: of

text: some

text: km

text: of

text: open

text: coastline

text: The

text: Bay

text: of

text: Plenty

text: Region

text: is

text: situated

text: around

text: this

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: also

text: incorporating

text: several

text: large

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: bay

text: Fiji ((), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast of New Zealand's North Island. Its closest neighbours are Vanuatu to the west, New Caledonia to the southwest, New Zealand's Kermadec Islands to the southeast, Tonga to the east, the Samoas and France's Wallis and Futuna to the northeast, and Tuvalu to the north.

text: Fiji

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Fiji

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: Melanesia

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: about

text: northeast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: Its

text: closest

text: neighbours

text: are

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: Kermadec

text: Islands

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: Tonga

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Samoas

text: and

text: France

text: 's

text: Wallis

text: and

text: Futuna

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Tuvalu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Tectonic uplift is the portion of the total geologic uplift of the mean Earth surface that is not attributable to an isostatic response to unloading. While isostatic response is important, an increase in the mean elevation of a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes of crustal thickening (such as mountain building events), changes in the density distribution of the crust and underlying mantle, and flexural support due to the bending of rigid lithosphere.

text: Tectonic

text: uplift

text: is

text: the

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: geologic

text: uplift

text: of

text: the

text: mean

text: Earth

text: surface

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: attributable

text: to

text: an

text: isostatic

text: response

text: to

text: unloading

text: While

text: isostatic

text: response

text: is

text: important

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: the

text: mean

text: elevation

text: of

text: region

text: can

text: only

text: occur

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: tectonic

text: processes

text: of

text: crustal

text: thickening

text: such

text: as

text: mountain

text: building

text: events

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: density

text: distribution

text: of

text: the

text: crust

text: and

text: underlying

text: mantle

text: and

text: flexural

text: support

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: bending

text: of

text: rigid

text: lithosphere

text: The Waipaoa River is a river of the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It rises on the eastern slopes of the Raukumara Range, flowing south for to reach Poverty Bay and the Pacific Ocean just south of Gisborne. For about half of this distance its valley is followed by State Highway 2. The river has several important tributaries, among them the Wharekopai, Waikohu, Mangatu, Waingaromia and Waihora rivers. Major settlements along the banks of the river include Te Karaka, Ormond, and Patutahi.

text: The

text: Waipaoa

text: River

text: is

text: river

text: of

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: rises

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: slopes

text: of

text: the

text: Raukumara

text: Range

text: flowing

text: south

text: for

text: to

text: reach

text: Poverty

text: Bay

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: just

text: south

text: of

text: Gisborne

text: For

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: this

text: distance

text: its

text: valley

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: State

text: Highway

text: The

text: river

text: has

text: several

text: important

text: tributaries

text: among

text: them

text: the

text: Wharekopai

text: Waikohu

text: Mangatu

text: Waingaromia

text: and

text: Waihora

text: rivers

text: Major

text: settlements

text: along

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: include

text: Te

text: Karaka

text: Ormond

text: and

text: Patutahi

text: The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.

text: The

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: It

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: or

text: depending

text: on

text: definition

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Asia

text: and

text: Australia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: The South Island or Te Waipounamu ("Mori") is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the smaller but more populous North Island. It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait, to the west by the Tasman Sea, and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean. The South Island covers and is influenced by a temperate climate.

text: The

text: South

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Waipounamu

text: Mori

text: is

text: the

text: larger

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: major

text: islands

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: the

text: other

text: being

text: the

text: smaller

text: but

text: more

text: populous

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: The

text: South

text: Island

text: covers

text: and

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: temperate

text: climate

text: New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and east of Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Chesterfield Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of Pines, and a few remote islets. The Chesterfield Islands are in the Coral Sea. Locals refer to Grande Terre as "" ("the pebble").

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: is

text: special

text: collectivity

text: of

text: France

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: east

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: Metropolitan

text: France

text: The

text: archipelago

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Melanesia

text: subregion

text: includes

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: of

text: Grande

text: Terre

text: the

text: Loyalty

text: Islands

text: the

text: Chesterfield

text: Islands

text: the

text: Belep

text: archipelago

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Pines

text: and

text: few

text: remote

text: islets

text: The

text: Chesterfield

text: Islands

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: Coral

text: Sea

text: Locals

text: refer

text: to

text: Grande

text: Terre

text: as

text: the

text: pebble

text: Tonga (or ; Tongan: "Puleanga Fakatui o Tonga"), officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands of which 36 are inhabited. The total surface area is about scattered over of the southern Pacific Ocean. It has a population of 103,000 people of whom 70% reside on the main island of Tongatapu.

text: Tonga

text: or

text: Tongan

text: Puleanga

text: Fakatui

text: Tonga

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Tonga

text: is

text: Polynesian

text: sovereign

text: state

text: and

text: archipelago

text: comprising

text: islands

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: inhabited

text: The

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: scattered

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: people

text: of

text: whom

text: reside

text: on

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: of

text: Tongatapu

text: Patutahi is a small settlement 15 kilometres from Gisborne, in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located in the valley of the Waipaoa River.

text: Patutahi

text: is

text: small

text: settlement

text: kilometres

text: from

text: Gisborne

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: valley

text: of

text: the

text: Waipaoa

text: River

text: Whatatutu is a small settlement in the northeast of New Zealand 's North Island . It is located north of Te Karaka on the upper reaches of the Waipaoa River , close to its meeting with its tributaries , the Mangatu and Waingaromia Rivers . Whatatutu is about 45 minutes from Gisborne and is home to about 300 people . Oil - bearing rock has been known to exist in small quantities for many years , but not in commercial quantities . The search for more economically viable sources continues in the area . Whatatutu hosts the 4x4 every two years , which all the members come and visit the township .

text: Whatatutu

text: is

text: small

text: settlement

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: north

text: of

text: Te

text: Karaka

text: on

text: the

text: upper

text: reaches

text: of

text: the

text: Waipaoa

text: River

text: close

text: to

text: its

text: meeting

text: with

text: its

text: tributaries

text: the

text: Mangatu

text: and

text: Waingaromia

text: Rivers

text: Whatatutu

text: is

text: about

text: minutes

text: from

text: Gisborne

text: and

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: about

text: people

text: Oil

text: bearing

text: rock

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: to

text: exist

text: in

text: small

text: quantities

text: for

text: many

text: years

text: but

text: not

text: in

text: commercial

text: quantities

text: The

text: search

text: for

text: more

text: economically

text: viable

text: sources

text: continues

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: Whatatutu

text: hosts

text: the

text: every

text: two

text: years

text: which

text: all

text: the

text: members

text: come

text: and

text: visit

text: the

text: township

text: New Zealand is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmassesthat of the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Mui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamuand numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.

text: New

text: Zealand

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: The

text: country

text: geographically

text: comprises

text: two

text: main

text: landmassesthat

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Ika

text: Mui

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Waipounamuand

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: New

text: Zealand

text: is

text: situated

text: some

text: east

text: of

text: Australia

text: across

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: and

text: roughly

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: island

text: areas

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: Fiji

text: and

text: Tonga

text: Because

text: of

text: its

text: remoteness

text: it

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: lands

text: to

text: be

text: settled

text: by

text: humans

text: During

text: its

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: isolation

text: New

text: Zealand

text: developed

text: distinct

text: biodiversity

text: of

text: animal

text: fungal

text: and

text: plant

text: life

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: varied

text: topography

text: and

text: its

text: sharp

text: mountain

text: peaks

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Southern

text: Alps

text: owe

text: much

text: to

text: the

text: tectonic

text: uplift

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: volcanic

text: eruptions

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Wellington

text: while

text: its

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Auckland

text: Wellington is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with residents. It is at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range. Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa. As the nation's capital city, the New Zealand Government and Parliament, Supreme Court and most of the civil service are based in the city.

text: Wellington

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: and

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: with

text: residents

text: It

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: between

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: and

text: the

text: Rimutaka

text: Range

text: Wellington

text: is

text: the

text: major

text: population

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: North

text: Island

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Wellington

text: Region

text: which

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: Kapiti

text: Coast

text: and

text: Wairarapa

text: As

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Government

text: and

text: Parliament

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: civil

text: service

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The Tasman Sea (Mori: "Te Tai-o-Rehua") is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about across and about from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who was the first recorded European to encounter New Zealand and Tasmania. The British explorer Captain James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s as part of his first voyage of exploration.

text: The

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: Mori

text: Te

text: Tai

text: Rehua

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: situated

text: between

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: measures

text: about

text: across

text: and

text: about

text: from

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: The

text: sea

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Dutch

text: explorer

text: Abel

text: Janszoon

text: Tasman

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: recorded

text: European

text: to

text: encounter

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Tasmania

text: The

text: British

text: explorer

text: Captain

text: James

text: Cook

text: later

text: extensively

text: navigated

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: first

text: voyage

text: of

text: exploration

text: The Waihora River is a river of the Gisborne Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally west from its sources in rough hill country b southwest of Tolaga Bay to reach the Waipaoa River at Te Karaka.

text: The

text: Waihora

text: River

text: is

text: river

text: of

text: the

text: Gisborne

text: Region

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: flows

text: generally

text: west

text: from

text: its

text: sources

text: in

text: rough

text: hill

text: country

text: southwest

text: of

text: Tolaga

text: Bay

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: Waipaoa

text: River

text: at

text: Te

text: Karaka

text: Poverty Bay is the largest of several small bays on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island to the north of Hawke Bay. It stretches for from Young Nick's Head in the southwest to Tuaheni Point in the northeast. The city of Gisborne is located on the northern shore of the bay. The name is often used by extension to refer to the entire area surrounding the city of Gisborne. Poverty Bay is the home of the iwi Te Aitanga-a-Mhaki, Rongowhakaata and Ngai Tamanuhiri.

text: Poverty

text: Bay

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: several

text: small

text: bays

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: Hawke

text: Bay

text: It

text: stretches

text: for

text: from

text: Young

text: Nick

text: 's

text: Head

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: to

text: Tuaheni

text: Point

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Gisborne

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: bay

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: by

text: extension

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: area

text: surrounding

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Gisborne

text: Poverty

text: Bay

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: iwi

text: Te

text: Aitanga

text: Mhaki

text: Rongowhakaata

text: and

text: Ngai

text: Tamanuhiri

text: The Southern Alps (Mori: K Tiritiri o te Moana ) are a mountain range extending along much of the length of New Zealand's South Island, reaching its greatest elevations near the island's western side. The term "Southern Alps" generally refers to the entire range, although separate names are given to many of the smaller ranges that form part of it.

text: The

text: Southern

text: Alps

text: Mori

text: Tiritiri

text: te

text: Moana

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: extending

text: along

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: South

text: Island

text: reaching

text: its

text: greatest

text: elevations

text: near

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: western

text: side

text: The

text: term

text: Southern

text: Alps

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: range

text: although

text: separate

text: names

text: are

text: given

text: to

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: smaller

text: ranges

text: that

text: form

text: part

text: of

text: it

text: Cook Strait lies between the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It connects the Tasman Sea on the northwest with the South Pacific Ocean on the southeast, and runs next to the capital city, Wellington. It is wide at its narrowest point, and is considered one of the most dangerous and unpredictable waters in the world.

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Islands

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: connects

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: northwest

text: with

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: runs

text: next

text: to

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: Wellington

text: It

text: is

text: wide

text: at

text: its

text: narrowest

text: point

text: and

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: dangerous

text: and

text: unpredictable

text: waters

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The North Island or Te Ika-a-Mui ("Mori") is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-largest island. It has a population of

text: The

text: North

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Ika

text: Mui

text: Mori

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: islands

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: slightly

text: larger

text: but

text: much

text: less

text: populous

text: South

text: Island

text: by

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: The

text: island

text: 's

text: area

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: island

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: Opotiki is a small town in the eastern Bay of Plenty in the North Island of New Zealand. It houses the headquarters of the Opotiki District Council and comes under the Bay of Plenty Regional Council.

text: Opotiki

text: is

text: small

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: Bay

text: of

text: Plenty

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: houses

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Opotiki

text: District

text: Council

text: and

text: comes

text: under

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Plenty

text: Regional

text: Council

text: Te Karaka is a small settlement inland from Gisborne, in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located in the valley of the Waipaoa River close to its junction with its tributary, the Waihora River. Te Karaka is located on State Highway 2, and is the largest settlement between Gisborne and Opotiki in the Bay of Plenty.

text: Te

text: Karaka

text: is

text: small

text: settlement

text: inland

text: from

text: Gisborne

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: valley

text: of

text: the

text: Waipaoa

text: River

text: close

text: to

text: its

text: junction

text: with

text: its

text: tributary

text: the

text: Waihora

text: River

text: Te

text: Karaka

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: State

text: Highway

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: settlement

text: between

text: Gisborne

text: and

text: Opotiki

text: in

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Plenty

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: Auckland is a city in the North Island of New Zealand. It is the most populous urban area in the country. Auckland has a population of , which constitutes percent of New Zealand's population. It is part of the wider Auckland Regionthe area governed by the Auckland Councilwhich also includes outlying rural areas and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf, resulting in a total population of . Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world. The Mori language name for Auckland is or , meaning "Tmaki with a hundred lovers", in reference to the desirability of its fertile land at the hub of waterways in all directions. It has also been called karana, the Mori enunciation of "Auckland".

text: Auckland

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Auckland

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: which

text: constitutes

text: percent

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: population

text: It

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: wider

text: Auckland

text: Regionthe

text: area

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Auckland

text: Councilwhich

text: also

text: includes

text: outlying

text: rural

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: the

text: Hauraki

text: Gulf

text: resulting

text: in

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: Auckland

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: Polynesian

text: population

text: of

text: any

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Mori

text: language

text: name

text: for

text: Auckland

text: is

text: or

text: meaning

text: Tmaki

text: with

text: hundred

text: lovers

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: desirability

text: of

text: its

text: fertile

text: land

text: at

text: the

text: hub

text: of

text: waterways

text: in

text: all

text: directions

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: called

text: karana

text: the

text: Mori

text: enunciation

text: of

text: Auckland

text: The Raukumara Range lies north of Gisborne, near East Cape in New Zealand's North Island. It forms part of the North Island's main mountain chain, which runs north-northeast from Wellington to East Cape, and is composed primarily of Cretaceous greywacke, argillites, siltstones and sandstones. An epoch of the New Zealand geologic time scale lasting from 95.2 to 86.5 Mya is named the Raukumara Epoch after the range.

text: The

text: Raukumara

text: Range

text: lies

text: north

text: of

text: Gisborne

text: near

text: East

text: Cape

text: in

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: North

text: Island

text: It

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: 's

text: main

text: mountain

text: chain

text: which

text: runs

text: north

text: northeast

text: from

text: Wellington

text: to

text: East

text: Cape

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: primarily

text: of

text: Cretaceous

text: greywacke

text: argillites

text: siltstones

text: and

text: sandstones

text: An

text: epoch

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: geologic

text: time

text: scale

text: lasting

text: from

text: to

text: Mya

text: is

text: named

text: the

text: Raukumara

text: Epoch

text: after

text: the

text: range

annotations: follows single

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity whatatutu

answer: gisborne region

text: gisborne region