text: The Great Purge or the Great Terror was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938. It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials, repression of peasants and the Red Army leadership, and widespread police surveillance, suspicion of "saboteurs", imprisonment, and arbitrary executions. In Russian historiography, the period of the most intense purge, 19371938, is called Yezhovshchina (literally, "Yezhov phenomenon", commonly translated as "times of Yezhov" or "doings of Yezhov"), after Nikolai Yezhov, the head of the Soviet secret police, NKVD. It has been estimated between 600,000 and 3 million people died at the hands of the Soviet government during the Purge.

text: The

text: Great

text: Purge

text: or

text: the

text: Great

text: Terror

text: was

text: campaign

text: of

text: political

text: repression

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: which

text: occurred

text: from

text: to

text: It

text: involved

text: large

text: scale

text: purge

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: and

text: government

text: officials

text: repression

text: of

text: peasants

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Army

text: leadership

text: and

text: widespread

text: police

text: surveillance

text: suspicion

text: of

text: saboteurs

text: imprisonment

text: and

text: arbitrary

text: executions

text: In

text: Russian

text: historiography

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: intense

text: purge

text: is

text: called

text: Yezhovshchina

text: literally

text: Yezhov

text: phenomenon

text: commonly

text: translated

text: as

text: times

text: of

text: Yezhov

text: or

text: doings

text: of

text: Yezhov

text: after

text: Nikolai

text: Yezhov

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: secret

text: police

text: NKVD

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: estimated

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: people

text: died

text: at

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: government

text: during

text: the

text: Purge

text: Secret police (sometimes called political police) are intelligence services or police and law enforcement agencies which operate in secrecy. Therefore, they have little to no transparency, accountability or oversight. A secret police organization is often used beyond the law by totalitarian states to protect the political power of an individual dictator or an authoritarian (autocratic) political regime.

text: Secret

text: police

text: sometimes

text: called

text: political

text: police

text: are

text: intelligence

text: services

text: or

text: police

text: and

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: which

text: operate

text: in

text: secrecy

text: Therefore

text: they

text: have

text: little

text: to

text: no

text: transparency

text: accountability

text: or

text: oversight

text: secret

text: police

text: organization

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: beyond

text: the

text: law

text: by

text: totalitarian

text: states

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: political

text: power

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: dictator

text: or

text: an

text: authoritarian

text: autocratic

text: political

text: regime

text: The Free City of Danzig was a semi-autonomous city-state that existed between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig (now Gdask, Poland) and nearly 200 towns in the surrounding areas. It was created on 15 November 1920 in accordance with the terms of Article 100 (Section XI of Part III) of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles after the end of World War I.

text: The

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Danzig

text: was

text: semi

text: autonomous

text: city

text: state

text: that

text: existed

text: between

text: and

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: port

text: of

text: Danzig

text: now

text: Gdask

text: Poland

text: and

text: nearly

text: towns

text: in

text: the

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: It

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: November

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: the

text: terms

text: of

text: Article

text: Section

text: XI

text: of

text: Part

text: III

text: of

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Versailles

text: after

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: The Second Polish Republic, also known as the Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland, refers to the country of Poland between the First and Second World Wars (19181939). Officially known as the Republic of Poland or the Commonwealth of Poland, the Polish state was recreated in 1918, in the aftermath of World War I. When, after several regional conflicts, the borders of the state were fixed in 1922, Poland's neighbours were Czechoslovakia, Germany, the Free City of Danzig, Lithuania, Latvia, Romania and the Soviet Union. It had access to the Baltic Sea via a short strip of coastline either side of the city of Gdynia. Between March and August 1939, Poland also shared a border with the then-Hungarian governorate of Subcarpathia. Despite internal and external pressures, it continued to exist until 1939, when Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and the Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of World War II in Europe. The Second Republic was significantly different in territory to the current Polish state. It included substantially more territory in the east and less in the west.

text: The

text: Second

text: Polish

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Poland

text: or

text: interwar

text: Poland

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: Poland

text: between

text: the

text: First

text: and

text: Second

text: World

text: Wars

text: Officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: or

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Poland

text: the

text: Polish

text: state

text: was

text: recreated

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: When

text: after

text: several

text: regional

text: conflicts

text: the

text: borders

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: were

text: fixed

text: in

text: Poland

text: 's

text: neighbours

text: were

text: Czechoslovakia

text: Germany

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Danzig

text: Lithuania

text: Latvia

text: Romania

text: and

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: It

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: via

text: short

text: strip

text: of

text: coastline

text: either

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Gdynia

text: Between

text: March

text: and

text: August

text: Poland

text: also

text: shared

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: then

text: Hungarian

text: governorate

text: of

text: Subcarpathia

text: Despite

text: internal

text: and

text: external

text: pressures

text: it

text: continued

text: to

text: exist

text: until

text: when

text: Poland

text: was

text: invaded

text: by

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: the

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: marking

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: Second

text: Republic

text: was

text: significantly

text: different

text: in

text: territory

text: to

text: the

text: current

text: Polish

text: state

text: It

text: included

text: substantially

text: more

text: territory

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: less

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: The Communist International, abbreviated as Comintern and also known as the Third International (19191943), was an international communist organization that advocated world communism. The International intended to fight "by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and for the creation of an international Soviet republic as a transition stage to the complete abolition of the State."

text: The

text: Communist

text: International

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: Comintern

text: and

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Third

text: International

text: was

text: an

text: international

text: communist

text: organization

text: that

text: advocated

text: world

text: communism

text: The

text: International

text: intended

text: to

text: fight

text: by

text: all

text: available

text: means

text: including

text: armed

text: force

text: for

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: bourgeoisie

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: an

text: international

text: Soviet

text: republic

text: as

text: transition

text: stage

text: to

text: the

text: complete

text: abolition

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov or Ezhov (; May 1, 1895  February 4, 1940) was a Soviet secret police official under Joseph Stalin. He was head of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938, during the most deadly period of Stalin's Great Purge. His time in office is known as the ""Yezhovshchina"", a term coined during the de-Stalinization campaign of the 1950s. After presiding over mass arrests and executions during the Great Purge, Yezhov became a victim of it himself. He was arrested, confessed under torture to a range of anti-Soviet activity, and was executed in 1940. By the beginning of World War II, his status within the Soviet Union became that of a political unperson.

text: Nikolai

text: Ivanovich

text: Yezhov

text: or

text: Ezhov

text: May

text: February

text: was

text: Soviet

text: secret

text: police

text: official

text: under

text: Joseph

text: Stalin

text: He

text: was

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: NKVD

text: from

text: to

text: during

text: the

text: most

text: deadly

text: period

text: of

text: Stalin

text: 's

text: Great

text: Purge

text: His

text: time

text: in

text: office

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Yezhovshchina

text: term

text: coined

text: during

text: the

text: de

text: Stalinization

text: campaign

text: of

text: the

text: After

text: presiding

text: over

text: mass

text: arrests

text: and

text: executions

text: during

text: the

text: Great

text: Purge

text: Yezhov

text: became

text: victim

text: of

text: it

text: himself

text: He

text: was

text: arrested

text: confessed

text: under

text: torture

text: to

text: range

text: of

text: anti

text: Soviet

text: activity

text: and

text: was

text: executed

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: his

text: status

text: within

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: became

text: that

text: of

text: political

text: unperson

text: The Spanish Civil War, widely known in Spain simply as The Civil War or The War, took place from 1936 to 1939 and was fought between the Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic, left-leaning and a relatively urban Second Spanish Republic in an alliance of convenience with the Anarchists, versus the Nationalists, a falangist, Carlist and a largely aristocratic conservative group led by General Francisco Franco. Although the war is often portrayed as a struggle between democracy and fascism, some historians consider it more accurately described as a struggle between leftist revolution and rightist counterrevolution. Ultimately, the Nationalists won, and Franco then ruled Spain for the next 36 years, from April 1939 until his death in November 1975.

text: The

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: widely

text: known

text: in

text: Spain

text: simply

text: as

text: The

text: Civil

text: War

text: or

text: The

text: War

text: took

text: place

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: was

text: fought

text: between

text: the

text: Republicans

text: who

text: were

text: loyal

text: to

text: the

text: democratic

text: left

text: leaning

text: and

text: relatively

text: urban

text: Second

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: in

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: convenience

text: with

text: the

text: Anarchists

text: versus

text: the

text: Nationalists

text: falangist

text: Carlist

text: and

text: largely

text: aristocratic

text: conservative

text: group

text: led

text: by

text: General

text: Francisco

text: Franco

text: Although

text: the

text: war

text: is

text: often

text: portrayed

text: as

text: struggle

text: between

text: democracy

text: and

text: fascism

text: some

text: historians

text: consider

text: it

text: more

text: accurately

text: described

text: as

text: struggle

text: between

text: leftist

text: revolution

text: and

text: rightist

text: counterrevolution

text: Ultimately

text: the

text: Nationalists

text: won

text: and

text: Franco

text: then

text: ruled

text: Spain

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: years

text: from

text: April

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: November

text: World War I also had the effect of bringing political transformation to most of the principal parties involved in the conflict, transforming them into electoral democracies by bringing near-universal suffrage for the first time in history, such as Germany (German federal election, 1919), the United Kingdom (United Kingdom general election, 1918), and Turkey (Turkish general election, 1923).

text: World

text: War

text: also

text: had

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: bringing

text: political

text: transformation

text: to

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: principal

text: parties

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: conflict

text: transforming

text: them

text: into

text: electoral

text: democracies

text: by

text: bringing

text: near

text: universal

text: suffrage

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: history

text: such

text: as

text: Germany

text: German

text: federal

text: election

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: general

text: election

text: and

text: Turkey

text: Turkish

text: general

text: election

text: Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control over nearly all aspects of life. The official name of the state was "Deutsches Reich" from 1933 to 1943 and "Großdeutsches Reich" ("Greater German Reich") from 1943 to 1945. The period is also known under the names the Third Reich and the National Socialist Period (abbreviated as "NS-Zeit"). The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe.

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: common

text: English

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: German

text: history

text: from

text: to

text: when

text: Germany

text: was

text: governed

text: by

text: dictatorship

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: and

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: NSDAP

text: Under

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: rule

text: Germany

text: was

text: transformed

text: into

text: fascist

text: state

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: took

text: totalitarian

text: control

text: over

text: nearly

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: life

text: The

text: official

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: was

text: Deutsches

text: Reich

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: Großdeutsches

text: Reich

text: Greater

text: German

text: Reich

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: period

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: under

text: the

text: names

text: the

text: Third

text: Reich

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Socialist

text: Period

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NS

text: Zeit

text: The

text: Nazi

text: regime

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: after

text: the

text: Allied

text: Powers

text: defeated

text: Germany

text: in

text: May

text: ending

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: Europe

text: Kielce Voivodeship is a former unit of administrative division and the local government in Poland. It was originally formed during Poland's return to independence in the aftermath of World War One, and recreated within the new Polish borders after the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War Two.

text: Kielce

text: Voivodeship

text: is

text: former

text: unit

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: and

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: in

text: Poland

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: formed

text: during

text: Poland

text: 's

text: return

text: to

text: independence

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: One

text: and

text: recreated

text: within

text: the

text: new

text: Polish

text: borders

text: after

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: Two

text: The Second Spanish Republic (in Spanish: "Segunda República Española") was the republican regime that existed in Spain from 1931 to 1939, preceded by the Restoration and followed by Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.

text: The

text: Second

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: in

text: Spanish

text: Segunda

text: República

text: Española

text: was

text: the

text: republican

text: regime

text: that

text: existed

text: in

text: Spain

text: from

text: to

text: preceded

text: by

text: the

text: Restoration

text: and

text: followed

text: by

text: Francoist

text: Spain

text: after

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: Kazimierz Cichowski ( Russian : Kazimir Tsikhovsky ,    ) ( 7 December 1887 , Ostrowiec witokrzyski - 29 October 1937 ) was a Polish - Soviet communist activist and politician . Cichowski joined the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania in 1907 . During the Russian Revolution , he joined the Bolshevik party and from November 1917 he was the deputy Commissar for Polish affairs of the Central Executive Committee of the Lithuanian -- Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic ( LitBel ) , where he soon advanced to more prominent positions ( Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets ) . After the end of the Polish - Soviet War in 1921 , which saw the dissolution of LitBel , he became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Western Ukraine , operating in the Second Polish Republic . In 1923 - 1925 , Cichowski was imprisoned by the Polish authorities ; after release , he joined the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Poland , becoming a member of its Secretariat and the Political Bureau . In September 1932 , he went to the USSR where he began working in the Comintern ( ECCI ) . Around January -- July 1937 , he was in Spain where he was head of the Cadres Department of the International Brigades headquarters . In August 1937 , Cichowski was recalled to Moscow , arrested in October during the Great Purge , convicted and shot .

text: Kazimierz

text: Cichowski

text: Russian

text: Kazimir

text: Tsikhovsky

text: December

text: Ostrowiec

text: witokrzyski

text: October

text: was

text: Polish

text: Soviet

text: communist

text: activist

text: and

text: politician

text: Cichowski

text: joined

text: the

text: Social

text: Democracy

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: in

text: During

text: the

text: Russian

text: Revolution

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: Bolshevik

text: party

text: and

text: from

text: November

text: he

text: was

text: the

text: deputy

text: Commissar

text: for

text: Polish

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Executive

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: Belorussian

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republic

text: LitBel

text: where

text: he

text: soon

text: advanced

text: to

text: more

text: prominent

text: positions

text: Chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Executive

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Soviets

text: After

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: Soviet

text: War

text: in

text: which

text: saw

text: the

text: dissolution

text: of

text: LitBel

text: he

text: became

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: Western

text: Ukraine

text: operating

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: Polish

text: Republic

text: In

text: Cichowski

text: was

text: imprisoned

text: by

text: the

text: Polish

text: authorities

text: after

text: release

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: Central

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: Poland

text: becoming

text: member

text: of

text: its

text: Secretariat

text: and

text: the

text: Political

text: Bureau

text: In

text: September

text: he

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: USSR

text: where

text: he

text: began

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: Comintern

text: ECCI

text: Around

text: January

text: July

text: he

text: was

text: in

text: Spain

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Cadres

text: Department

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Brigades

text: headquarters

text: In

text: August

text: Cichowski

text: was

text: recalled

text: to

text: Moscow

text: arrested

text: in

text: October

text: during

text: the

text: Great

text: Purge

text: convicted

text: and

text: shot

text:
Ostrowiec witokrzyski is a town in south-central Poland (historic province of Lesser Poland) with 74,211 inhabitants (2006).
The main industry is metallurgy. Ostrowiec is the capital city of Ostrowiec witokrzyski County, part of witokrzyskie Voivodeship (since 1999), previously it belonged to Kielce Voivodeship (19751998). It received town charter in 1613.

text: Ostrowiec

text: witokrzyski

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: south

text: central

text: Poland

text: historic

text: province

text: of

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: with

text: inhabitants

text: The

text: main

text: industry

text: is

text: metallurgy

text: Ostrowiec

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Ostrowiec

text: witokrzyski

text: County

text: part

text: of

text: witokrzyskie

text: Voivodeship

text: since

text: previously

text: it

text: belonged

text: to

text: Kielce

text: Voivodeship

text: It

text: received

text: town

text: charter

text: in

text: The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (: RKKA, frequently shortened in Russian to ; KA, in English: Red Army also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch - Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and after 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution (Red October or Bolshevik Revolution). The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in December 1991.

text: The

text: Workers

text: and

text: Peasants

text: Red

text: Army

text: RKKA

text: frequently

text: shortened

text: in

text: Russian

text: to

text: KA

text: in

text: English

text: Red

text: Army

text: also

text: in

text: critical

text: literature

text: and

text: folklore

text: of

text: that

text: epoch

text: Red

text: Horde

text: Army

text: of

text: Work

text: was

text: the

text: army

text: and

text: the

text: air

text: force

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Soviet

text: Federative

text: Socialist

text: Republic

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Socialist

text: Republics

text: The

text: army

text: was

text: established

text: immediately

text: after

text: the

text: October

text: Revolution

text: Red

text: October

text: or

text: Bolshevik

text: Revolution

text: The

text: Bolsheviks

text: raised

text: an

text: army

text: to

text: oppose

text: the

text: military

text: confederations

text: especially

text: the

text: various

text: groups

text: collectively

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: White

text: Army

text: of

text: their

text: adversaries

text: during

text: the

text: Russian

text: Civil

text: War

text: Beginning

text: in

text: February

text: the

text: Red

text: Army

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Navy

text: embodied

text: the

text: main

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: taking

text: the

text: official

text: name

text: of

text: Soviet

text: Army

text: until

text: its

text: dissolution

text: in

text: December

text: The International Brigades were paramilitary units set up by the Communist International to assist the Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. The organisation existed for two years, from 1936 until 1938. It is estimated that during the entire war, between 32,000 and 35,000 members served in the International Brigades, including 15,000 who died in combat; however there was never more than 20,000 brigade members present on the front line at one time.

text: The

text: International

text: Brigades

text: were

text: paramilitary

text: units

text: set

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: International

text: to

text: assist

text: the

text: Popular

text: Front

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: during

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: The

text: organisation

text: existed

text: for

text: two

text: years

text: from

text: until

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: during

text: the

text: entire

text: war

text: between

text: and

text: members

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: International

text: Brigades

text: including

text: who

text: died

text: in

text: combat

text: however

text: there

text: was

text: never

text: more

text: than

text: brigade

text: members

text: present

text: on

text: the

text: front

text: line

text: at

text: one

text: time

annotations: likely multiple

question: conflict kazimierz cichowski

answer: spanish civil war

text: spanish civil war

text: spanish civil war

text: spanish civil war


text: Peter Guy Ottewill , GM ( 5 November 1915 -- 31 January 2003 ) was an English RAF officer who during the Second World War in 1943 rescued two airmen from a Bristol Beaufighter which had crashed into an ammunition store at Kirknewton Scotland during take - off , and was awarded the George Medal . Educated at John Roan School , he joined the RAF in 1931 . Initially an armourer , he trained as a Hurricane pilot , serving with 43 Squadron at the evacuation of Dunkirk ; and was one of the first servicemen ever to have plastic surgery . The George Medal citation said : One day in June , 1943 , a Beaufighter aircraft crashed into an ammunition store when taking off and immediately caught fire . Both occupants of the aircraft were stunned and unable to get out unaided . Despite the bursting of the aircraft 's war load of ammunition ( which included cannon shells ) , the 30,000 rounds of ammunition which were exploding in the store and the grave danger of the petrol tanks exploding , Sqn Ldr Ottewill , accompanied by 2 others , went to the scene of the accident in an endeavour to rescue the crew . Sqn Ldr Ottewill , ignoring a burning petrol tank , jumped on to the wing and after opening the front hatch , he succeeded in releasing the pilot and dragged him clear . Sqn Ldr Ottewill then returned and rescued the observer who was in happened . Shortly afterwards a petrol tank exploded . Sqn Ldr Ottewill , who had been severely burned on a previous occasion when his own aircraft was shot down by the enemy , accepted the risk of further severe burns , and injury in going to the assistance of his comrades and effecting their rescue . Fortunately he sustained only slight burns during this rescue . After the war he was seconded to the Royal Australian Air Force and served in Korea . He was then a Staff Officer with 2nd Tactical Air Force and worked at NATO headquarters before his final post as a Station commander .

text: Peter

text: Guy

text: Ottewill

text: GM

text: November

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: RAF

text: officer

text: who

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: in

text: rescued

text: two

text: airmen

text: from

text: Bristol

text: Beaufighter

text: which

text: had

text: crashed

text: into

text: an

text: ammunition

text: store

text: at

text: Kirknewton

text: Scotland

text: during

text: take

text: off

text: and

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: George

text: Medal

text: Educated

text: at

text: John

text: Roan

text: School

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: RAF

text: in

text: Initially

text: an

text: armourer

text: he

text: trained

text: as

text: Hurricane

text: pilot

text: serving

text: with

text: Squadron

text: at

text: the

text: evacuation

text: of

text: Dunkirk

text: and

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: servicemen

text: ever

text: to

text: have

text: plastic

text: surgery

text: The

text: George

text: Medal

text: citation

text: said

text: One

text: day

text: in

text: June

text: Beaufighter

text: aircraft

text: crashed

text: into

text: an

text: ammunition

text: store

text: when

text: taking

text: off

text: and

text: immediately

text: caught

text: fire

text: Both

text: occupants

text: of

text: the

text: aircraft

text: were

text: stunned

text: and

text: unable

text: to

text: get

text: out

text: unaided

text: Despite

text: the

text: bursting

text: of

text: the

text: aircraft

text: 's

text: war

text: load

text: of

text: ammunition

text: which

text: included

text: cannon

text: shells

text: the

text: rounds

text: of

text: ammunition

text: which

text: were

text: exploding

text: in

text: the

text: store

text: and

text: the

text: grave

text: danger

text: of

text: the

text: petrol

text: tanks

text: exploding

text: Sqn

text: Ldr

text: Ottewill

text: accompanied

text: by

text: others

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: scene

text: of

text: the

text: accident

text: in

text: an

text: endeavour

text: to

text: rescue

text: the

text: crew

text: Sqn

text: Ldr

text: Ottewill

text: ignoring

text: burning

text: petrol

text: tank

text: jumped

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: wing

text: and

text: after

text: opening

text: the

text: front

text: hatch

text: he

text: succeeded

text: in

text: releasing

text: the

text: pilot

text: and

text: dragged

text: him

text: clear

text: Sqn

text: Ldr

text: Ottewill

text: then

text: returned

text: and

text: rescued

text: the

text: observer

text: who

text: was

text: in

text: happened

text: Shortly

text: afterwards

text: petrol

text: tank

text: exploded

text: Sqn

text: Ldr

text: Ottewill

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: severely

text: burned

text: on

text: previous

text: occasion

text: when

text: his

text: own

text: aircraft

text: was

text: shot

text: down

text: by

text: the

text: enemy

text: accepted

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: further

text: severe

text: burns

text: and

text: injury

text: in

text: going

text: to

text: the

text: assistance

text: of

text: his

text: comrades

text: and

text: effecting

text: their

text: rescue

text: Fortunately

text: he

text: sustained

text: only

text: slight

text: burns

text: during

text: this

text: rescue

text: After

text: the

text: war

text: he

text: was

text: seconded

text: to

text: the

text: Royal

text: Australian

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: served

text: in

text: Korea

text: He

text: was

text: then

text: Staff

text: Officer

text: with

text: Tactical

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: worked

text: at

text: NATO

text: headquarters

text: before

text: his

text: final

text: post

text: as

text: Station

text: commander

text: The Bristol Aeroplane Company, originally the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, was both one of the first and one of the most important British aviation companies, designing and manufacturing both airframes and aero engines. Notable aircraft produced by the company include the 'Boxkite', the Bristol Fighter, the Bulldog, the Blenheim, the Beaufighter, and the Britannia, and much of the preliminary work which led to the Concorde was carried out by the company. In 1956 its major operations were split into Bristol Aircraft and Bristol Aero Engines. In 1959, Bristol Aircraft merged with several major British aircraft companies to form the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) and Bristol Aero Engines merged with Armstrong Siddeley to form Bristol Siddeley.

text: The

text: Bristol

text: Aeroplane

text: Company

text: originally

text: the

text: British

text: and

text: Colonial

text: Aeroplane

text: Company

text: was

text: both

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: British

text: aviation

text: companies

text: designing

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: both

text: airframes

text: and

text: aero

text: engines

text: Notable

text: aircraft

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: company

text: include

text: the

text: Boxkite

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Fighter

text: the

text: Bulldog

text: the

text: Blenheim

text: the

text: Beaufighter

text: and

text: the

text: Britannia

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: preliminary

text: work

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Concorde

text: was

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: the

text: company

text: In

text: its

text: major

text: operations

text: were

text: split

text: into

text: Bristol

text: Aircraft

text: and

text: Bristol

text: Aero

text: Engines

text: In

text: Bristol

text: Aircraft

text: merged

text: with

text: several

text: major

text: British

text: aircraft

text: companies

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: British

text: Aircraft

text: Corporation

text: BAC

text: and

text: Bristol

text: Aero

text: Engines

text: merged

text: with

text: Armstrong

text: Siddeley

text: to

text: form

text: Bristol

text: Siddeley

text: A bomber is a combat aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets by dropping air-to-ground weaponry, firing torpedoes or deploying air-launched cruise missiles.

text: bomber

text: is

text: combat

text: aircraft

text: designed

text: to

text: attack

text: ground

text: and

text: sea

text: targets

text: by

text: dropping

text: air

text: to

text: ground

text: weaponry

text: firing

text: torpedoes

text: or

text: deploying

text: air

text: launched

text: cruise

text: missiles

text: The Bristol Type 156 Beaufighter (often referred to simply as the "Beau") is a multi-role aircraft developed during the Second World War by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the United Kingdom (UK). It was originally conceived as a heavy fighter variant of the Bristol Beaufort bomber. Upon its entry to service, the Beaufighter proved to be well suited to the night fighter role, for which the Royal Air Force (RAF) initially deployed the type as during the height of the Battle of Britain, in part due to its large size allowing it to accommodate both heavy armaments and early airborne interception radar without major performance penalties.

text: The

text: Bristol

text: Type

text: Beaufighter

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: the

text: Beau

text: is

text: multi

text: role

text: aircraft

text: developed

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: by

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Aeroplane

text: Company

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: conceived

text: as

text: heavy

text: fighter

text: variant

text: of

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Beaufort

text: bomber

text: Upon

text: its

text: entry

text: to

text: service

text: the

text: Beaufighter

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: well

text: suited

text: to

text: the

text: night

text: fighter

text: role

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: RAF

text: initially

text: deployed

text: the

text: type

text: as

text: during

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Britain

text: in

text: part

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: large

text: size

text: allowing

text: it

text: to

text: accommodate

text: both

text: heavy

text: armaments

text: and

text: early

text: airborne

text: interception

text: radar

text: without

text: major

text: performance

text: penalties

text: The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. Formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world. Following victory over the Central Powers in 1918 the RAF emerged as, at the time, the largest air force in the world. Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history, in particular, playing a large part in the Second World War where it fought its most famous campaign, the Battle of Britain.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: RAF

text: is

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: aerial

text: warfare

text: force

text: Formed

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: on

text: April

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: independent

text: air

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Following

text: victory

text: over

text: the

text: Central

text: Powers

text: in

text: the

text: RAF

text: emerged

text: as

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: largest

text: air

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Since

text: its

text: formation

text: the

text: RAF

text: has

text: taken

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: British

text: military

text: history

text: in

text: particular

text: playing

text: large

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: where

text: it

text: fought

text: its

text: most

text: famous

text: campaign

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Britain

text: A night fighter (also known as all-weather fighter or all-weather interceptor for a period of time post-World War II) is a fighter aircraft adapted for use at night or in other times of bad visibility. Night fighters began to be used in World War I and included types that were specifically modified to operate at night.

text: night

text: fighter

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: all

text: weather

text: fighter

text: or

text: all

text: weather

text: interceptor

text: for

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: post

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: is

text: fighter

text: aircraft

text: adapted

text: for

text: use

text: at

text: night

text: or

text: in

text: other

text: times

text: of

text: bad

text: visibility

text: Night

text: fighters

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: and

text: included

text: types

text: that

text: were

text: specifically

text: modified

text: to

text: operate

text: at

text: night

text:
Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. A radar system consists of a transmitter producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna (often the same antenna is used for transmitting and receiving) and a receiver and processor to determine properties of the object(s). Radio waves (pulsed or continuous) from the transmitter reflect off the object and return to the receiver, giving information about the object's location and speed.
Radar was developed secretly for military use by several nations in the period before and during World War II. The term "RADAR" was coined in 1940 by the United States Navy as an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging or RAdio Direction And Ranging. The term "radar" has since entered English and other languages as a common noun, losing all capitalization.

text: Radar

text: is

text: an

text: object

text: detection

text: system

text: that

text: uses

text: radio

text: waves

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: range

text: angle

text: or

text: velocity

text: of

text: objects

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: detect

text: aircraft

text: ships

text: spacecraft

text: guided

text: missiles

text: motor

text: vehicles

text: weather

text: formations

text: and

text: terrain

text: radar

text: system

text: consists

text: of

text: transmitter

text: producing

text: electromagnetic

text: waves

text: in

text: the

text: radio

text: or

text: microwaves

text: domain

text: transmitting

text: antenna

text: receiving

text: antenna

text: often

text: the

text: same

text: antenna

text: is

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: and

text: receiving

text: and

text: receiver

text: and

text: processor

text: to

text: determine

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: object(s

text: Radio

text: waves

text: pulsed

text: or

text: continuous

text: from

text: the

text: transmitter

text: reflect

text: off

text: the

text: object

text: and

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: receiver

text: giving

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: object

text: 's

text: location

text: and

text: speed

text: Radar

text: was

text: developed

text: secretly

text: for

text: military

text: use

text: by

text: several

text: nations

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: before

text: and

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: The

text: term

text: RADAR

text: was

text: coined

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Navy

text: as

text: an

text: acronym

text: for

text: RAdio

text: Detection

text: And

text: Ranging

text: or

text: RAdio

text: Direction

text: And

text: Ranging

text: The

text: term

text: radar

text: has

text: since

text: entered

text: English

text: and

text: other

text: languages

text: as

text: common

text: noun

text: losing

text: all

text: capitalization

text: A heavy fighter is a fighter aircraft designed to carry heavier weapons or operate at longer ranges. To achieve acceptable performance, most heavy fighters were twin-engined, and many had multi-place crews.

text: heavy

text: fighter

text: is

text: fighter

text: aircraft

text: designed

text: to

text: carry

text: heavier

text: weapons

text: or

text: operate

text: at

text: longer

text: ranges

text: To

text: achieve

text: acceptable

text: performance

text: most

text: heavy

text: fighters

text: were

text: twin

text: engined

text: and

text: many

text: had

text: multi

text: place

text: crews

text: The Battle of Britain (German: "die Luftschlacht um England", literally "Air battle for England") was a combat of the Second World War, when the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom (UK) against the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) attacks from the end of June 1940. It is described as the first major campaign fought entirely by air forces. The British officially recognise its duration as from 10 July until 31 October 1940 that overlaps with the period of large-scale night attacks known as the Blitz, while German historians do not accept this subdivision and regard it as a campaign lasting from July 1940 to June 1941.

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Britain

text: German

text: die

text: Luftschlacht

text: um

text: England

text: literally

text: Air

text: battle

text: for

text: England

text: was

text: combat

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: when

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: RAF

text: defended

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: UK

text: against

text: the

text: German

text: Air

text: Force

text: Luftwaffe

text: attacks

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: June

text: It

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: campaign

text: fought

text: entirely

text: by

text: air

text: forces

text: The

text: British

text: officially

text: recognise

text: its

text: duration

text: as

text: from

text: July

text: until

text: October

text: that

text: overlaps

text: with

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: large

text: scale

text: night

text: attacks

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Blitz

text: while

text: German

text: historians

text: do

text: not

text: accept

text: this

text: subdivision

text: and

text: regard

text: it

text: as

text: campaign

text: lasting

text: from

text: July

text: to

text: June

annotations: follows single

question: military_branch peter ottewill

answer: royal air force

text: royal air force

text: royal air force

text: royal air force


text: The Washington State Cougars are the athletic teams at Washington State University; the term applies to any of the school's varsity teams. Washington State University is a member of the Pac-12 Conference, which participates in the NCAA Division I, and is located in Pullman, Washington. The athletic program comprises Ten women's sports: basketball, cross country, golf, rowing, soccer, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball; and six men's sports: baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, track and field. The school also offers various intramural sports.

text: The

text: Washington

text: State

text: Cougars

text: are

text: the

text: athletic

text: teams

text: at

text: Washington

text: State

text: University

text: the

text: term

text: applies

text: to

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: school

text: 's

text: varsity

text: teams

text: Washington

text: State

text: University

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Conference

text: which

text: participates

text: in

text: the

text: NCAA

text: Division

text: and

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Pullman

text: Washington

text: The

text: athletic

text: program

text: comprises

text: Ten

text: women

text: 's

text: sports

text: basketball

text: cross

text: country

text: golf

text: rowing

text: soccer

text: swimming

text: tennis

text: track

text: and

text: field

text: volleyball

text: and

text: six

text: men

text: 's

text: sports

text: baseball

text: basketball

text: cross

text: country

text: football

text: golf

text: track

text: and

text: field

text: The

text: school

text: also

text: offers

text: various

text: intramural

text: sports

text: Washington State University (WSU) is a public research university based in Pullman, Washington, in the Palouse region of the northwest United States.

text: Washington

text: State

text: University

text: WSU

text: is

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: based

text: in

text: Pullman

text: Washington

text: in

text: the

text: Palouse

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: northwest

text: United

text: States

text:
History.
Even after the emergence of the professional National Football League (NFL), college football remained extremely popular throughout the U.S.
Although the college game has a much larger margin for talent than its pro counterpart, the sheer number of fans following major colleges provides a financial equalizer for the game, with Division I programs  the highest level  playing in huge stadiums, six of which have seating capacity exceeding 100,000. In many cases, college stadiums employ bench-style seating, as opposed to individual seats with backs and arm rests. This allows them to seat more fans in a given amount of space than the typical professional stadium, which tends to have more features and comforts for fans. (Only two stadiums owned by U.S. colleges or universities  Papa John's Cardinal Stadium at the University of Louisville and FAU Stadium at Florida Atlantic University  consist entirely of chairback seating.)

text: History

text: Even

text: after

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: professional

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: NFL

text: college

text: football

text: remained

text: extremely

text: popular

text: throughout

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Although

text: the

text: college

text: game

text: has

text: much

text: larger

text: margin

text: for

text: talent

text: than

text: its

text: pro

text: counterpart

text: the

text: sheer

text: number

text: of

text: fans

text: following

text: major

text: colleges

text: provides

text: financial

text: equalizer

text: for

text: the

text: game

text: with

text: Division

text: programs

text: the

text: highest

text: level

text: playing

text: in

text: huge

text: stadiums

text: six

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: seating

text: capacity

text: exceeding

text: In

text: many

text: cases

text: college

text: stadiums

text: employ

text: bench

text: style

text: seating

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: individual

text: seats

text: with

text: backs

text: and

text: arm

text: rests

text: This

text: allows

text: them

text: to

text: seat

text: more

text: fans

text: in

text: given

text: amount

text: of

text: space

text: than

text: the

text: typical

text: professional

text: stadium

text: which

text: tends

text: to

text: have

text: more

text: features

text: and

text: comforts

text: for

text: fans

text: Only

text: two

text: stadiums

text: owned

text: by

text: U.S.

text: colleges

text: or

text: universities

text: Papa

text: John

text: 's

text: Cardinal

text: Stadium

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Louisville

text: and

text: FAU

text: Stadium

text: at

text: Florida

text: Atlantic

text: University

text: consist

text: entirely

text: of

text: chairback

text: seating

text: The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: often

text: called

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: or

text: simply

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: distributed

text: over

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: just

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomerations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: global

text: power

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: exerts

text: significant

text: impact

text: upon

text: commerce

text: finance

text: media

text: art

text: fashion

text: research

text: technology

text: education

text: and

text: entertainment

text: its

text: fast

text: pace

text: defining

text: the

text: term

text: New

text: York

text: minute

text: Home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: for

text: international

text: diplomacy

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: financial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Mission Hills is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Barbara County, California, a short distance north of Lompoc on Highway 1. The population was 3,576 at the 2010 census, up from 3,142 at the 2000 census.

text: Mission

text: Hills

text: is

text: census

text: designated

text: place

text: CDP

text: in

text: Santa

text: Barbara

text: County

text: California

text: short

text: distance

text: north

text: of

text: Lompoc

text: on

text: Highway

text: The

text: population

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: up

text: from

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: The Pac-12 Conference is a collegiate athletic conference that operates in the Western United States. It participates in 22 NCAA sports in the NCAA's Division I; its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS; formerly Division I-A), the higher of two levels of NCAA Division I football competition. The conference's 12 members are located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. They include each state's flagship public university, four additional public universities, and two private research universities. The conference was created after the disbanding of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC), whose principal members founded the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU) in 1959, and went by the names Big Five, Big Six, Pacific-8, Pacific-10. It became the Pac-12 in 2011 with the addition of the University of Colorado and the University of Utah.

text: The

text: Conference

text: is

text: collegiate

text: athletic

text: conference

text: that

text: operates

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: participates

text: in

text: NCAA

text: sports

text: in

text: the

text: NCAA

text: 's

text: Division

text: its

text: football

text: teams

text: compete

text: in

text: the

text: Football

text: Bowl

text: Subdivision

text: FBS

text: formerly

text: Division

text: the

text: higher

text: of

text: two

text: levels

text: of

text: NCAA

text: Division

text: football

text: competition

text: The

text: conference

text: 's

text: members

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Arizona

text: California

text: Colorado

text: Oregon

text: Utah

text: and

text: Washington

text: They

text: include

text: each

text: state

text: 's

text: flagship

text: public

text: university

text: four

text: additional

text: public

text: universities

text: and

text: two

text: private

text: research

text: universities

text: The

text: conference

text: was

text: created

text: after

text: the

text: disbanding

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Coast

text: Conference

text: PCC

text: whose

text: principal

text: members

text: founded

text: the

text: Athletic

text: Association

text: of

text: Western

text: Universities

text: AAWU

text: in

text: and

text: went

text: by

text: the

text: names

text: Big

text: Five

text: Big

text: Six

text: It

text: became

text: the

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Colorado

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Utah

text: The Theater at Madison Square Garden (originally called the Felt Forum) is a theater located in New York City's Madison Square Garden. It seats between 2,000 and 5,600 for concerts and can also be used for meetings, stage shows and graduation ceremonies. No seat is more than from the 30' × 64' stage. The theatre has a relatively low ceiling at stage level and all of its seating except for boxes on the two side walls is on one level slanted back from the stage. There is an lobby at the theater.

text: The

text: Theater

text: at

text: Madison

text: Square

text: Garden

text: originally

text: called

text: the

text: Felt

text: Forum

text: is

text: theater

text: located

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: Madison

text: Square

text: Garden

text: It

text: seats

text: between

text: and

text: for

text: concerts

text: and

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: meetings

text: stage

text: shows

text: and

text: graduation

text: ceremonies

text: No

text: seat

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: from

text: the

text: stage

text: The

text: theatre

text: has

text: relatively

text: low

text: ceiling

text: at

text: stage

text: level

text: and

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: seating

text: except

text: for

text: boxes

text: on

text: the

text: two

text: side

text: walls

text: is

text: on

text: one

text: level

text: slanted

text: back

text: from

text: the

text: stage

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: lobby

text: at

text: the

text: theater

text: The 2001 NFL draft was the 66th annual meeting of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible football players. The draft, which is officially referred to as the "NFL Player Selection Meeting," was held at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York on April 2122, 2001.

text: The

text: NFL

text: draft

text: was

text: the

text: annual

text: meeting

text: of

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: NFL

text: franchises

text: to

text: select

text: newly

text: eligible

text: football

text: players

text: The

text: draft

text: which

text: is

text: officially

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: NFL

text: Player

text: Selection

text: Meeting

text: was

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: Theater

text: at

text: Madison

text: Square

text: Garden

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: on

text: April

text: Milton Wynn ( born September 21 , 1978 in Mission Hills , California ) is a former professional American football wide receiver . He was drafted in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL Draft by the St. Louis Rams . He played college football for the Washington State Cougars . Wynn has also been a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers , Houston Texans , Atlanta Falcons and Baltimore Ravens .

text: Milton

text: Wynn

text: born

text: September

text: in

text: Mission

text: Hills

text: California

text: is

text: former

text: professional

text: American

text: football

text: wide

text: receiver

text: He

text: was

text: drafted

text: in

text: the

text: fourth

text: round

text: of

text: the

text: NFL

text: Draft

text: by

text: the

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Rams

text: He

text: played

text: college

text: football

text: for

text: the

text: Washington

text: State

text: Cougars

text: Wynn

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Tampa

text: Bay

text: Buccaneers

text: Houston

text: Texans

text: Atlanta

text: Falcons

text: and

text: Baltimore

text: Ravens

text: FAU Stadium is a college football stadium located at the north end of the main campus of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) in Boca Raton, Florida. Opened in 2011, it is home to the Florida Atlantic Owls football team and is intended to be the first part of FAU's multi-use development project, "Innovation Village".

text: FAU

text: Stadium

text: is

text: college

text: football

text: stadium

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: north

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: campus

text: of

text: Florida

text: Atlantic

text: University

text: FAU

text: in

text: Boca

text: Raton

text: Florida

text: Opened

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Florida

text: Atlantic

text: Owls

text: football

text: team

text: and

text: is

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: FAU

text: 's

text: multi

text: use

text: development

text: project

text: Innovation

text: Village

text: California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western (Pacific Ocean) coast of the U.S., California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The state also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County.

text: California

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: California

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: other

text: U.S.

text: states

text: of

text: Oregon

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Arizona

text: and

text: shares

text: an

text: international

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: Mexican

text: state

text: of

text: Baja

text: California

text: The

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sacramento

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: is

text: California

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: county

text: by

text: area

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: County

text: Papa John's Cardinal Stadium is a football stadium located in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, on the southern end of the campus of the University of Louisville. Debuting in 1998, it serves as the home of the Louisville Cardinals football program. The official seating capacity in the quasi-horseshoe shaped facility was 42,000 through the 2008 season. An expansion project that started after the 2008 season was completed in time for the 2010 season has brought the official capacity to 55,000. An additional expansion project aiming to close the open end of the horseshoe to add 10,000 additional seats was announced on August 28, 2015, with the goal of opening within 2 years.

text: Papa

text: John

text: 's

text: Cardinal

text: Stadium

text: is

text: football

text: stadium

text: located

text: in

text: Louisville

text: Kentucky

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: the

text: southern

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: campus

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Louisville

text: Debuting

text: in

text: it

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Louisville

text: Cardinals

text: football

text: program

text: The

text: official

text: seating

text: capacity

text: in

text: the

text: quasi

text: horseshoe

text: shaped

text: facility

text: was

text: through

text: the

text: season

text: An

text: expansion

text: project

text: that

text: started

text: after

text: the

text: season

text: was

text: completed

text: in

text: time

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: has

text: brought

text: the

text: official

text: capacity

text: to

text: An

text: additional

text: expansion

text: project

text: aiming

text: to

text: close

text: the

text: open

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: horseshoe

text: to

text: add

text: additional

text: seats

text: was

text: announced

text: on

text: August

text: with

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: opening

text: within

text: years

annotations: likely single

question: educated_at milton wynn

answer: washington state university

text: washington state university

text: washington state university

text: washington state university


text: Barenaked Ladies (often abbreviated BNL or occasionally BnL) is a Canadian rock band. The band is currently composed of Jim Creeggan, Kevin Hearn, Ed Robertson, and Tyler Stewart. Barenaked Ladies formed in 1988 in Scarborough, Ontario (now incorporated into the City of Toronto) as a duo of Robertson and Steven Page. Jim Creeggan and his brother Andrew "Andy" Creeggan joined at the end of 1989, and Stewart was added in 1990 while Andy was on a brief hiatus from the group. Andy left the band after its second album in 1995 and was replaced by Hearn. Page left in 2009, leaving the group as a quartet.

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

text: often

text: abbreviated

text: BNL

text: or

text: occasionally

text: BnL

text: is

text: Canadian

text: rock

text: band

text: The

text: band

text: is

text: currently

text: composed

text: of

text: Jim

text: Creeggan

text: Kevin

text: Hearn

text: Ed

text: Robertson

text: and

text: Tyler

text: Stewart

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

text: formed

text: in

text: in

text: Scarborough

text: Ontario

text: now

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Toronto

text: as

text: duo

text: of

text: Robertson

text: and

text: Steven

text: Page

text: Jim

text: Creeggan

text: and

text: his

text: brother

text: Andrew

text: Andy

text: Creeggan

text: joined

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: and

text: Stewart

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: while

text: Andy

text: was

text: on

text: brief

text: hiatus

text: from

text: the

text: group

text: Andy

text: left

text: the

text: band

text: after

text: its

text: second

text: album

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: Hearn

text: Page

text: left

text: in

text: leaving

text: the

text: group

text: as

text: quartet

text: James Raymond "Jim" Creeggan (born February 12, 1970), is the bassist for Canadian alternative rock band Barenaked Ladies (BNL). His most used double bass is named "Grammah", after the Ladies' tour manager nicknamed him "Grampah" for always complaining and not wanting to get up.

text: James

text: Raymond

text: Jim

text: Creeggan

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: the

text: bassist

text: for

text: Canadian

text: alternative

text: rock

text: band

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

text: BNL

text: His

text: most

text: used

text: double

text: bass

text: is

text: named

text: Grammah

text: after

text: the

text: Ladies

text: tour

text: manager

text: nicknamed

text: him

text: Grampah

text: for

text: always

text: complaining

text: and

text: not

text: wanting

text: to

text: get

text: up

text: Steven Jay Page (born June 22, 1970) is a Canadian musician. Along with Ed Robertson, he was a founding member, lead singer, guitarist, and a primary songwriter of the music group Barenaked Ladies (BNL). He left the band in 2009 to pursue a solo career.

text: Steven

text: Jay

text: Page

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: Canadian

text: musician

text: Along

text: with

text: Ed

text: Robertson

text: he

text: was

text: founding

text: member

text: lead

text: singer

text: guitarist

text: and

text: primary

text: songwriter

text: of

text: the

text: music

text: group

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

text: BNL

text: He

text: left

text: the

text: band

text: in

text: to

text: pursue

text: solo

text: career

text: Extended Versions is a live album by Barenaked Ladies . It was released in 2006 and includes live versions of several of the band 's hit songs including `` One Week '' , `` Get In Line '' , and `` Falling for the First Time '' . It was recorded during the band 's 2005 holiday tour .

text: Extended

text: Versions

text: is

text: live

text: album

text: by

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: includes

text: live

text: versions

text: of

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: hit

text: songs

text: including

text: One

text: Week

text: Get

text: In

text: Line

text: and

text: Falling

text: for

text: the

text: First

text: Time

text: It

text: was

text: recorded

text: during

text: the

text: band

text: 's

text: holiday

text: tour

text: Tyler Joseph Stewart (born September 21, 1967) is the drummer for the Canadian music group Barenaked Ladies.

text: Tyler

text: Joseph

text: Stewart

text: born

text: September

text: is

text: the

text: drummer

text: for

text: the

text: Canadian

text: music

text: group

text: Barenaked

text: Ladies

annotations: follows multiple

question: genre extended versions

answer: alternative rock

text: alternative rock


text: The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the events in the liberation war in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to the Fall of Dhaka on 16 December 1971. The war began with preemptive aerial strikes on 11 Indian air stations that led to the commencement of hostilities with Pakistan and Indian entry into the war of independence in East Pakistan on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. Lasting just 13 days, it is one of the shortest wars in history.

text: The

text: Indo

text: Pakistani

text: War

text: of

text: was

text: military

text: confrontation

text: between

text: India

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: that

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: events

text: in

text: the

text: liberation

text: war

text: in

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: from

text: December

text: to

text: the

text: Fall

text: of

text: Dhaka

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: war

text: began

text: with

text: preemptive

text: aerial

text: strikes

text: on

text: Indian

text: air

text: stations

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: commencement

text: of

text: hostilities

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: Indian

text: entry

text: into

text: the

text: war

text: of

text: independence

text: in

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: on

text: the

text: side

text: of

text: Bengali

text: nationalist

text: forces

text: Lasting

text: just

text: days

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: shortest

text: wars

text: in

text: history

text: The Indian Armed Forces (: "Bhratya Saastra Sn") are the military forces of the Republic of India. It consists of three professional uniformed services: the Indian Army, Indian Navy, and Indian Air Force. Additionally, the Indian Armed Forces are supported by Indian Coast Guard and paramilitary organisations (Assam Rifles,and Special Frontier Force) and various inter-service commands and institutions such as the Strategic Forces Command, the Andaman and Nicobar Command and the Integrated Defence Staff. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The Indian Armed Forces are under the management of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of the Government of India. With strength of over 1.4 million active personnel, it is world's 3rd largest military force and has the world's largest volunteer army. It is important to note that the Central Armed Police Forces, which are commonly and incorrectly referred to as 'Paramilitary Forces', are headed by officers from the Indian Police Service and are under the control of the Ministry of Home Affairs, not the Ministry of Defence.

text: The

text: Indian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: Bhratya

text: Saastra

text: Sn

text: are

text: the

text: military

text: forces

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: three

text: professional

text: uniformed

text: services

text: the

text: Indian

text: Army

text: Indian

text: Navy

text: and

text: Indian

text: Air

text: Force

text: Additionally

text: the

text: Indian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: are

text: supported

text: by

text: Indian

text: Coast

text: Guard

text: and

text: paramilitary

text: organisations

text: Assam

text: Rifles

text: and

text: Special

text: Frontier

text: Force

text: and

text: various

text: inter

text: service

text: commands

text: and

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Strategic

text: Forces

text: Command

text: the

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Command

text: and

text: the

text: Integrated

text: Defence

text: Staff

text: The

text: President

text: of

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: The

text: Indian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: are

text: under

text: the

text: management

text: of

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: MoD

text: of

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: With

text: strength

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: active

text: personnel

text: it

text: is

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: military

text: force

text: and

text: has

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: volunteer

text: army

text: It

text: is

text: important

text: to

text: note

text: that

text: the

text: Central

text: Armed

text: Police

text: Forces

text: which

text: are

text: commonly

text: and

text: incorrectly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Paramilitary

text: Forces

text: are

text: headed

text: by

text: officers

text: from

text: the

text: Indian

text: Police

text: Service

text: and

text: are

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Home

text: Affairs

text: not

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: A five-star rank is a very senior military rank, first established in the United States in 1944, with a five-star insignia, and corresponding ranks in other countries. The rank is that of the most senior operational military commanders, and within NATO's "standard rank scale" it is designated by the code OF-10.

text: five

text: star

text: rank

text: is

text: very

text: senior

text: military

text: rank

text: first

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: with

text: five

text: star

text: insignia

text: and

text: corresponding

text: ranks

text: in

text: other

text: countries

text: The

text: rank

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: senior

text: operational

text: military

text: commanders

text: and

text: within

text: NATO

text: 's

text: standard

text: rank

text: scale

text: it

text: is

text: designated

text: by

text: the

text: code

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: East Pakistan, present-day Bangladesh, was a provincial state of Pakistan that existed in the Bengal region of the northeast of South Asia from 1955 until 1971, following the One Unit programme that laid the existence of East Pakistan.

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: present

text: day

text: Bangladesh

text: was

text: provincial

text: state

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: that

text: existed

text: in

text: the

text: Bengal

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: South

text: Asia

text: from

text: until

text: following

text: the

text: One

text: Unit

text: programme

text: that

text: laid

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: The Indian Army was the principal army of India before independence from the United Kingdom in 1947. It was responsible for the defence of both British India and the Princely states, which could also have their own armies. The Indian Army was an important part of the British Empire's forces, both in India and abroad, particularly during the First World War and the Second World War.

text: The

text: Indian

text: Army

text: was

text: the

text: principal

text: army

text: of

text: India

text: before

text: independence

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: defence

text: of

text: both

text: British

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: Princely

text: states

text: which

text: could

text: also

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: armies

text: The

text: Indian

text: Army

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: 's

text: forces

text: both

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: abroad

text: particularly

text: during

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: and

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: Lance Naik Albert Ekka , PVC ( 1942 -- 71 ) was a soldier in the Indian army . He died in service in the Battle of Hilli , during the Indo - Pakistan War of 1971 . He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra , India 's highest award for valour in the face of the enemy .

text: Lance

text: Naik

text: Albert

text: Ekka

text: PVC

text: was

text: soldier

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: army

text: He

text: died

text: in

text: service

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Hilli

text: during

text: the

text: Indo

text: Pakistan

text: War

text: of

text: He

text: was

text: posthumously

text: awarded

text: the

text: Param

text: Vir

text: Chakra

text: India

text: 's

text: highest

text: award

text: for

text: valour

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: enemy

text: The Battle of Hilli or the Battle of Bogra was a major battle fought in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and Bangladesh Liberation War. It is generally regarded as the most pitched battle that took place in East Pakistan, now Bangladesh. The battle of Hilli took place between 23 November 1971 and 11 December 1971, although the final surrender took place on 18 December 1971.

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Hilli

text: or

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Bogra

text: was

text: major

text: battle

text: fought

text: in

text: the

text: Indo

text: Pakistani

text: War

text: of

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: Liberation

text: War

text: It

text: is

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: pitched

text: battle

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: now

text: Bangladesh

text: The

text: battle

text: of

text: Hilli

text: took

text: place

text: between

text: November

text: and

text: December

text: although

text: the

text: final

text: surrender

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: December

text: The Bangladesh Liberation War ('), also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence, or simply the Liberation War in Bangladesh, was a revolution and armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in East Pakistan and the 1971 Bangladesh genocide. It resulted in the independence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The war began after the Pakistani military junta based in West Pakistan launched Operation Searchlight against the people of East Pakistan on the night of 25 March 1971. It pursued the systematic elimination of nationalist Bengali civilians, students, intelligentsia, religious minorities and armed personnel. The junta annulled the results of the 1970 elections and arrested Prime Minister-elect Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

text: The

text: Bangladesh

text: Liberation

text: War

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Bangladesh

text: War

text: of

text: Independence

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: Liberation

text: War

text: in

text: Bangladesh

text: was

text: revolution

text: and

text: armed

text: conflict

text: sparked

text: by

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Bengali

text: nationalist

text: and

text: self

text: determination

text: movement

text: in

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: the

text: Bangladesh

text: genocide

text: It

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: independence

text: of

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: Bangladesh

text: The

text: war

text: began

text: after

text: the

text: Pakistani

text: military

text: junta

text: based

text: in

text: West

text: Pakistan

text: launched

text: Operation

text: Searchlight

text: against

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: East

text: Pakistan

text: on

text: the

text: night

text: of

text: March

text: It

text: pursued

text: the

text: systematic

text: elimination

text: of

text: nationalist

text: Bengali

text: civilians

text: students

text: intelligentsia

text: religious

text: minorities

text: and

text: armed

text: personnel

text: The

text: junta

text: annulled

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: elections

text: and

text: arrested

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: elect

text: Sheikh

text: Mujibur

text: Rahman

text: The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India serves as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. Two officers have been conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank, which is a ceremonial position of great honour. The Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian Army, and the armies of the princely states, which finally became the national army after independence. The units and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories and have participated in a number of battles and campaigns across the world, earning a large number of battle and theatre honours before and after Independence.

text: The

text: Indian

text: Army

text: is

text: the

text: land

text: based

text: branch

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: The

text: President

text: of

text: India

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Army

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: commanded

text: by

text: the

text: Chief

text: of

text: Army

text: Staff

text: COAS

text: who

text: is

text: four

text: star

text: general

text: Two

text: officers

text: have

text: been

text: conferred

text: with

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: field

text: marshal

text: five

text: star

text: rank

text: which

text: is

text: ceremonial

text: position

text: of

text: great

text: honour

text: The

text: Indian

text: Army

text: originated

text: from

text: the

text: armies

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: which

text: eventually

text: became

text: the

text: British

text: Indian

text: Army

text: and

text: the

text: armies

text: of

text: the

text: princely

text: states

text: which

text: finally

text: became

text: the

text: national

text: army

text: after

text: independence

text: The

text: units

text: and

text: regiments

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Army

text: have

text: diverse

text: histories

text: and

text: have

text: participated

text: in

text: number

text: of

text: battles

text: and

text: campaigns

text: across

text: the

text: world

text: earning

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: battle

text: and

text: theatre

text: honours

text: before

text: and

text: after

text: Independence

text: Lance naik (L/Nk) is the equivalent rank to lance corporal in the Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indian Armies and before 1947, in the British Indian Army, ranking below naik. In cavalry units the equivalent is acting lance daffadar. Like British lance corporals, each wears a single rank chevron.

text: Lance

text: naik

text: Nk

text: is

text: the

text: equivalent

text: rank

text: to

text: lance

text: corporal

text: in

text: the

text: Pakistan

text: Bangladesh

text: and

text: Indian

text: Armies

text: and

text: before

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Indian

text: Army

text: ranking

text: below

text: naik

text: In

text: cavalry

text: units

text: the

text: equivalent

text: is

text: acting

text: lance

text: daffadar

text: Like

text: British

text: lance

text: corporals

text: each

text: wears

text: single

text: rank

text: chevron

text:
Bogra is a major city located in the Bogra District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh, and acts as the major commerce hub in the Bogra District. Described by some as the "nerve centre of Northern Bangladesh", Bogra is a bridge between the Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division.
The city area of Borga is approximately , consists of 21 wards, and has a population of around 266,930 people. Currently the mayor of the municipality is Adv. Mahabubar Rahman.

text: Bogra

text: is

text: major

text: city

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Bogra

text: District

text: Rajshahi

text: Division

text: Bangladesh

text: and

text: acts

text: as

text: the

text: major

text: commerce

text: hub

text: in

text: the

text: Bogra

text: District

text: Described

text: by

text: some

text: as

text: the

text: nerve

text: centre

text: of

text: Northern

text: Bangladesh

text: Bogra

text: is

text: bridge

text: between

text: the

text: Rajshahi

text: Division

text: and

text: Rangpur

text: Division

text: The

text: city

text: area

text: of

text: Borga

text: is

text: approximately

text: consists

text: of

text: wards

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: people

text: Currently

text: the

text: mayor

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: is

text: Adv

text: Mahabubar

text: Rahman

question: date_of_death albert ekka

answer: 3 december 1971

text: 3 december 1971