text: Seychelles (; French: ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (Creole: "Repiblik Sesel"), is an archipelago and country in the Indian Ocean. The 115-island country, whose capital is Victoria, lies east of mainland East Africa. Other nearby island countries and territories include Comoros, Mayotte (region of France), Madagascar, Réunion (region of France) and Mauritius to the south. With a population of roughly 92,000, it has the smallest population of any sovereign African country; however, it does have a larger population than the British overseas territory Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

text: Seychelles

text: French

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Seychelles

text: Creole

text: Repiblik

text: Sesel

text: is

text: an

text: archipelago

text: and

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: The

text: country

text: whose

text: capital

text: is

text: Victoria

text: lies

text: east

text: of

text: mainland

text: East

text: Africa

text: Other

text: nearby

text: island

text: countries

text: and

text: territories

text: include

text: Comoros

text: Mayotte

text: region

text: of

text: France

text: Madagascar

text: Réunion

text: region

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: Mauritius

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: roughly

text: it

text: has

text: the

text: smallest

text: population

text: of

text: any

text: sovereign

text: African

text: country

text: however

text: it

text: does

text: have

text: larger

text: population

text: than

text: the

text: British

text: overseas

text: territory

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: Ascension

text: and

text: Tristan

text: da

text: Cunha

text: Lewinia is a genus of bird in the family Rallidae. It contains the following species:

text: Lewinia

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: bird

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Rallidae

text: It

text: contains

text: the

text: following

text: species

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized ground-living birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity and also includes the crakes, coots, and gallinules. Many species are associated with wetlands, although the family is found in every terrestrial habitat except dry deserts, polar regions, and alpine areas above the snow line. Members of the Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. There are numerous island species. The most common rail habitats are marshland or dense forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation.

text: The

text: rails

text: or

text: Rallidae

text: are

text: large

text: cosmopolitan

text: family

text: of

text: small-

text: to

text: medium

text: sized

text: ground

text: living

text: birds

text: The

text: family

text: exhibits

text: considerable

text: diversity

text: and

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: crakes

text: coots

text: and

text: gallinules

text: Many

text: species

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: wetlands

text: although

text: the

text: family

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: every

text: terrestrial

text: habitat

text: except

text: dry

text: deserts

text: polar

text: regions

text: and

text: alpine

text: areas

text: above

text: the

text: snow

text: line

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Rallidae

text: occur

text: on

text: every

text: continent

text: except

text: Antarctica

text: There

text: are

text: numerous

text: island

text: species

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: rail

text: habitats

text: are

text: marshland

text: or

text: dense

text: forest

text: They

text: are

text: especially

text: fond

text: of

text: dense

text: vegetation

text: Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two "de facto" independent states with limited or no recognition.

text: Africa

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: continent

text: At

text: about

text: million

text: million

text: square

text: miles

text: including

text: adjacent

text: islands

text: it

text: covers

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: and

text: of

text: its

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: With

text: billion

text: people

text: as

text: of

text: it

text: accounts

text: for

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: human

text: population

text: The

text: continent

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: both

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: along

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: continent

text: includes

text: Madagascar

text: and

text: various

text: archipelagos

text: It

text: contains

text: fully

text: recognized

text: sovereign

text: states

text: countries

text: nine

text: territories

text: and

text: two

text: de

text: facto

text: independent

text: states

text: with

text: limited

text: or

text: no

text: recognition

text: Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent. The country includes the island of Mauritius, Rodrigues [ east], and the outer islands (Agaléga, St. Brandon and two disputed territories). The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues (southwest) form part of the Mascarene Islands, along with nearby Réunion, a French overseas department. The area of the country is 2,040 km. The capital and largest city is Port Louis. Mauritius was a British colonial possession from 1810 to 1968, the year of its independence. The government uses English as the main language.

text: Mauritius

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: about

text: off

text: the

text: southeast

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: continent

text: The

text: country

text: includes

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: Rodrigues

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: outer

text: islands

text: Agaléga

text: St.

text: Brandon

text: and

text: two

text: disputed

text: territories

text: The

text: islands

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: and

text: Rodrigues

text: southwest

text: form

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Mascarene

text: Islands

text: along

text: with

text: nearby

text: Réunion

text: French

text: overseas

text: department

text: The

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: km

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Port

text: Louis

text: Mauritius

text: was

text: British

text: colonial

text: possession

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: year

text: of

text: its

text: independence

text: The

text: government

text: uses

text: English

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: language

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text: The ostrich or common ostrich ("Struthio camelus") is either one or two species of large flightless birds native to Africa, the only living member(s) of the genus "Struthio", which is in the ratite family. In 2014, the Somali ostrich ("Struthio molybdophanes") was recognized as a distinct species.

text: The

text: ostrich

text: or

text: common

text: ostrich

text: Struthio

text: camelus

text: is

text: either

text: one

text: or

text: two

text: species

text: of

text: large

text: flightless

text: birds

text: native

text: to

text: Africa

text: the

text: only

text: living

text: member(s

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Struthio

text: which

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: ratite

text: family

text: In

text: the

text: Somali

text: ostrich

text: Struthio

text: molybdophanes

text: was

text: recognized

text: as

text: distinct

text: species

text: Corals are marine invertebrates in the class Anthozoa of phylum Cnidaria. They typically live in compact colonies of many identical individual polyps. The group includes the important reef builders that inhabit tropical oceans and secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard skeleton.

text: Corals

text: are

text: marine

text: invertebrates

text: in

text: the

text: class

text: Anthozoa

text: of

text: phylum

text: Cnidaria

text: They

text: typically

text: live

text: in

text: compact

text: colonies

text: of

text: many

text: identical

text: individual

text: polyps

text: The

text: group

text: includes

text: the

text: important

text: reef

text: builders

text: that

text: inhabit

text: tropical

text: oceans

text: and

text: secrete

text: calcium

text: carbonate

text: to

text: form

text: hard

text: skeleton

text: Birds (Aves), also known as avian dinosaurs, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. They rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, at approximately ten thousand, with more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds.

text: Birds

text: Aves

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: avian

text: dinosaurs

text: are

text: group

text: of

text: endothermic

text: vertebrates

text: characterised

text: by

text: feathers

text: toothless

text: beaked

text: jaws

text: the

text: laying

text: of

text: hard

text: shelled

text: eggs

text: high

text: metabolic

text: rate

text: four

text: chambered

text: heart

text: and

text: lightweight

text: but

text: strong

text: skeleton

text: Birds

text: live

text: worldwide

text: and

text: range

text: in

text: size

text: from

text: the

text: bee

text: hummingbird

text: to

text: the

text: ostrich

text: They

text: rank

text: as

text: the

text: class

text: of

text: tetrapods

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: living

text: species

text: at

text: approximately

text: ten

text: thousand

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: these

text: being

text: passerines

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: perching

text: birds

text: or

text: less

text: accurately

text: as

text: songbirds

text: Flightless birds are birds that through evolution lost the ability to fly. There are over 60 extant species including the well known ratites (ostrich, emu, cassowary, rhea and kiwi) and penguins. The smallest flightless bird is the Inaccessible Island rail (length 12.5 cm, weight 34.7 g). The largest (both heaviest and tallest) flightless bird, which is also the largest living bird, is the ostrich (2.7 m, 156 kg). Ostriches are farmed for their decorative feathers, meat and their skins, which are used to make leather.

text: Flightless

text: birds

text: are

text: birds

text: that

text: through

text: evolution

text: lost

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: fly

text: There

text: are

text: over

text: extant

text: species

text: including

text: the

text: well

text: known

text: ratites

text: ostrich

text: emu

text: cassowary

text: rhea

text: and

text: kiwi

text: and

text: penguins

text: The

text: smallest

text: flightless

text: bird

text: is

text: the

text: Inaccessible

text: Island

text: rail

text: length

text: cm

text: weight

text: The

text: largest

text: both

text: heaviest

text: and

text: tallest

text: flightless

text: bird

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: largest

text: living

text: bird

text: is

text: the

text: ostrich

text: kg

text: Ostriches

text: are

text: farmed

text: for

text: their

text: decorative

text: feathers

text: meat

text: and

text: their

text: skins

text: which

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: make

text: leather

text: Saint Brandon, also known as the Cargados Carajos shoals, is an archipelago comprising a number of sand banks, shoals and islets. It is a group of outer islands belonging to Mauritius and is administered by the Outer Island Development Corporation (OIDC). Saint Brandon is located in the Indian Ocean about 430 km to the northeast of Mauritius. The islands have a total land area of 1.3 km². The reef measures more than 50 km from north to south, and is 5 km wide, cut by three passes. The reef area is 190 km². The islands have a small transient population, mostly fishermen, 63 in number on census night (Census of 2001). The majority of the population (~40) lives on Île Raphael, with smaller settlements existing on Avocaré, Coco, and Île du Sud. A former settlement existed on Albatross Island, but was abandoned in 1988. The islands are rich in flora and fauna. They are classified as a dependency of Mauritius, which is more than 300 km to the south, and are administered from Port Louis. Cargados Carajos is part of the Mascarene Islands.

text: Saint

text: Brandon

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Cargados

text: Carajos

text: shoals

text: is

text: an

text: archipelago

text: comprising

text: number

text: of

text: sand

text: banks

text: shoals

text: and

text: islets

text: It

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: outer

text: islands

text: belonging

text: to

text: Mauritius

text: and

text: is

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: Outer

text: Island

text: Development

text: Corporation

text: OIDC

text: Saint

text: Brandon

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: about

text: km

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: The

text: islands

text: have

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: The

text: reef

text: measures

text: more

text: than

text: km

text: from

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: km

text: wide

text: cut

text: by

text: three

text: passes

text: The

text: reef

text: area

text: is

text: The

text: islands

text: have

text: small

text: transient

text: population

text: mostly

text: fishermen

text: in

text: number

text: on

text: census

text: night

text: Census

text: of

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: lives

text: on

text: Île

text: Raphael

text: with

text: smaller

text: settlements

text: existing

text: on

text: Avocaré

text: Coco

text: and

text: Île

text: du

text: Sud

text: former

text: settlement

text: existed

text: on

text: Albatross

text: Island

text: but

text: was

text: abandoned

text: in

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: rich

text: in

text: flora

text: and

text: fauna

text: They

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: dependency

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: which

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: km

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: are

text: administered

text: from

text: Port

text: Louis

text: Cargados

text: Carajos

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Mascarene

text: Islands

text: Agaléga are two Outer islands of Mauritius located in the Indian Ocean, about north of Mauritius island. The population of the islands as at July 2011 was estimated at 300. The islands have a total area of 2,600 hectares. The North island is 12.5 km long and 1.5 km wide, while the South island is 7 km long and 4.5 km wide. The North Island is home to the islands' airstrip and the capital Vingt Cinq. The islands are known for their coconuts, the production of which is their main industry, and for the Agalega day gecko.

text: Agaléga

text: are

text: two

text: Outer

text: islands

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: about

text: north

text: of

text: Mauritius

text: island

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: islands

text: as

text: at

text: July

text: was

text: estimated

text: at

text: The

text: islands

text: have

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: hectares

text: The

text: North

text: island

text: is

text: km

text: long

text: and

text: km

text: wide

text: while

text: the

text: South

text: island

text: is

text: km

text: long

text: and

text: km

text: wide

text: The

text: North

text: Island

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: islands

text: airstrip

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: Vingt

text: Cinq

text: The

text: islands

text: are

text: known

text: for

text: their

text: coconuts

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: their

text: main

text: industry

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: Agalega

text: day

text: gecko

text: The Aldabra Group are part of the Outer Islands of the Seychelles, lying in the southwest of the island nation, from the capital, Victoria, on Mahé Island.

text: The

text: Aldabra

text: Group

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Outer

text: Islands

text: of

text: the

text: Seychelles

text: lying

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: nation

text: from

text: the

text: capital

text: Victoria

text: on

text: Mahé

text: Island

text: Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with only one species, the Galapagos penguin, found north of the equator. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage, and their wings have evolved into flippers. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. They spend about half of their lives on land and half in the oceans.

text: Penguins

text: order

text: Sphenisciformes

text: family

text: Spheniscidae

text: are

text: group

text: of

text: aquatic

text: flightless

text: birds

text: They

text: live

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: with

text: only

text: one

text: species

text: the

text: Galapagos

text: penguin

text: found

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: equator

text: Highly

text: adapted

text: for

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: water

text: penguins

text: have

text: countershaded

text: dark

text: and

text: white

text: plumage

text: and

text: their

text: wings

text: have

text: evolved

text: into

text: flippers

text: Most

text: penguins

text: feed

text: on

text: krill

text: fish

text: squid

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: sealife

text: caught

text: while

text: swimming

text: underwater

text: They

text: spend

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: their

text: lives

text: on

text: land

text: and

text: half

text: in

text: the

text: oceans

text: The Inaccessible Island rail ("Atlantisia rogersi") is a small bird of the rail family, Rallidae. It is the only species in its genus. It is found only on Inaccessible Island in the Tristan Archipelago in the isolated south Atlantic, and is notable for being the smallest extant flightless bird in the world. Unlike many other islands, Inaccessible Island has remained free from introduced predators, allowing this species to flourish while many other flightless birds, including the even smaller Stephens Island wren, have perished.

text: The

text: Inaccessible

text: Island

text: rail

text: Atlantisia

text: rogersi

text: is

text: small

text: bird

text: of

text: the

text: rail

text: family

text: Rallidae

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: species

text: in

text: its

text: genus

text: It

text: is

text: found

text: only

text: on

text: Inaccessible

text: Island

text: in

text: the

text: Tristan

text: Archipelago

text: in

text: the

text: isolated

text: south

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: smallest

text: extant

text: flightless

text: bird

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Unlike

text: many

text: other

text: islands

text: Inaccessible

text: Island

text: has

text: remained

text: free

text: from

text: introduced

text: predators

text: allowing

text: this

text: species

text: to

text: flourish

text: while

text: many

text: other

text: flightless

text: birds

text: including

text: the

text: even

text: smaller

text: Stephens

text: Island

text: wren

text: have

text: perished

text: Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, often cattle hide. It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.

text: Leather

text: is

text: durable

text: and

text: flexible

text: material

text: created

text: by

text: tanning

text: animal

text: rawhide

text: and

text: skin

text: often

text: cattle

text: hide

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: produced

text: at

text: manufacturing

text: scales

text: ranging

text: from

text: cottage

text: industry

text: to

text: heavy

text: industry

text: The Réunion rail ("Dryolimnas augusti") also known as Dubois's wood-rail is an extinct rail species which was endemic to the Mascarenes island of Réunion. The scientific name commemorates French poet Auguste de Villèle (1858-1943) whose interest in the history of Réunion and hospitality made it possible for numerous naturalists to discover and explore the caves of Réunion.

text: The

text: Réunion

text: rail

text: Dryolimnas

text: augusti

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Dubois

text: 's

text: wood

text: rail

text: is

text: an

text: extinct

text: rail

text: species

text: which

text: was

text: endemic

text: to

text: the

text: Mascarenes

text: island

text: of

text: Réunion

text: The

text: scientific

text: name

text: commemorates

text: French

text: poet

text: Auguste

text: de

text: Villèle

text: whose

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Réunion

text: and

text: hospitality

text: made

text: it

text: possible

text: for

text: numerous

text: naturalists

text: to

text: discover

text: and

text: explore

text: the

text: caves

text: of

text: Réunion

text: The genus Dryolimnas comprises birds in the rail family . The Réunion rail , a member of this genus , became extinct in the 17th century . The white - throated rail of Aldabra is the last surviving flightless bird in the western Indian Ocean . They are mostly found on Malabar Island , but can also be found on Polymnieli Island and other islands . An undescribed extinct taxon , sometimes mentioned as Sauzier 's wood - rail , is known from Mauritius . Though much larger the skeletons of these rails show similarities to the rails of the genus Lewinia . Therefore the two genera were lumped at times .

text: The

text: genus

text: Dryolimnas

text: comprises

text: birds

text: in

text: the

text: rail

text: family

text: The

text: Réunion

text: rail

text: member

text: of

text: this

text: genus

text: became

text: extinct

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: white

text: throated

text: rail

text: of

text: Aldabra

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: surviving

text: flightless

text: bird

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: They

text: are

text: mostly

text: found

text: on

text: Malabar

text: Island

text: but

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: found

text: on

text: Polymnieli

text: Island

text: and

text: other

text: islands

text: An

text: undescribed

text: extinct

text: taxon

text: sometimes

text: mentioned

text: as

text: Sauzier

text: 's

text: wood

text: rail

text: is

text: known

text: from

text: Mauritius

text: Though

text: much

text: larger

text: the

text: skeletons

text: of

text: these

text: rails

text: show

text: similarities

text: to

text: the

text: rails

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Lewinia

text: Therefore

text: the

text: two

text: genera

text: were

text: lumped

text: at

text: times

text: The emu ("Dromaius novaehollandiae") is the second-largest living bird by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the genus "Dromaius". The emu's range covers most of mainland Australia, but the Tasmanian emu and King Island emu subspecies became extinct after the European settlement of Australia in 1788. The bird is sufficiently common for it to be rated as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

text: The

text: emu

text: Dromaius

text: novaehollandiae

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: living

text: bird

text: by

text: height

text: after

text: its

text: ratite

text: relative

text: the

text: ostrich

text: It

text: is

text: endemic

text: to

text: Australia

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: native

text: bird

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: extant

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Dromaius

text: The

text: emu

text: 's

text: range

text: covers

text: most

text: of

text: mainland

text: Australia

text: but

text: the

text: Tasmanian

text: emu

text: and

text: King

text: Island

text: emu

text: subspecies

text: became

text: extinct

text: after

text: the

text: European

text: settlement

text: of

text: Australia

text: in

text: The

text: bird

text: is

text: sufficiently

text: common

text: for

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: rated

text: as

text: least

text: concern

text: species

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Union

text: for

text: Conservation

text: of

text: Nature

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: Aldabra is the world's second-largest coral atoll. It is situated in the Aldabra Group of islands in the Indian Ocean that are part of the Outer Islands of the Seychelles, with a distance of southwest of the capital, Victoria, on Mahé Island.

text: Aldabra

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: coral

text: atoll

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Aldabra

text: Group

text: of

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: that

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Outer

text: Islands

text: of

text: the

text: Seychelles

text: with

text: distance

text: of

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: Victoria

text: on

text: Mahé

text: Island

text: Kiwi (pronounced ) or kiwis are flightless birds native to New Zealand, in the genus Apteryx and family Apterygidae. At around the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites (which also consist of ostriches, emus, rheas, and cassowaries), and lay the largest egg in relation to their body size of any species of bird in the world. DNA sequence comparisons have yielded the surprising conclusion that kiwi are much more closely related to the extinct Malagasy elephant birds than to the moa with which they shared New Zealand. There are five recognised species, two of which are currently vulnerable, one of which is endangered, and one of which is critically endangered. All species have been negatively affected by historic deforestation but currently the remaining large areas of their forest habitat are well protected in reserves and national parks. At present, the greatest threat to their survival is predation by invasive mammalian predators.

text: Kiwi

text: pronounced

text: or

text: kiwis

text: are

text: flightless

text: birds

text: native

text: to

text: New

text: Zealand

text: in

text: the

text: genus

text: Apteryx

text: and

text: family

text: Apterygidae

text: At

text: around

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: domestic

text: chicken

text: kiwi

text: are

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: smallest

text: living

text: ratites

text: which

text: also

text: consist

text: of

text: ostriches

text: emus

text: rheas

text: and

text: cassowaries

text: and

text: lay

text: the

text: largest

text: egg

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: their

text: body

text: size

text: of

text: any

text: species

text: of

text: bird

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: DNA

text: sequence

text: comparisons

text: have

text: yielded

text: the

text: surprising

text: conclusion

text: that

text: kiwi

text: are

text: much

text: more

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: extinct

text: Malagasy

text: elephant

text: birds

text: than

text: to

text: the

text: moa

text: with

text: which

text: they

text: shared

text: New

text: Zealand

text: There

text: are

text: five

text: recognised

text: species

text: two

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: currently

text: vulnerable

text: one

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: endangered

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: critically

text: endangered

text: All

text: species

text: have

text: been

text: negatively

text: affected

text: by

text: historic

text: deforestation

text: but

text: currently

text: the

text: remaining

text: large

text: areas

text: of

text: their

text: forest

text: habitat

text: are

text: well

text: protected

text: in

text: reserves

text: and

text: national

text: parks

text: At

text: present

text: the

text: greatest

text: threat

text: to

text: their

text: survival

text: is

text: predation

text: by

text: invasive

text: mammalian

text: predators

question: parent_taxon dryolimnas

answer: rallidae

text: rallidae

text: rallidae

text: rallidae

text: rallidae


text: Gdask (German: ) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast. It is the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and is also the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.

text: Gdask

text: German

text: is

text: Polish

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Baltic

text: coast

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Pomeranian

text: Voivodeship

text: Poland

text: 's

text: principal

text: seaport

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Wrocaw (, ; ) is the largest city in western Poland. It is on the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly 350 kilometres (220 mi) from the Baltic Sea to the north and 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Sudeten Mountains to the south. Wrocaw is the historical capital of Silesia and Lower Silesia. Today, it is the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. At various times in history, it has been part of the Kingdom of Poland, Bohemia, Hungary, the Austrian Empire, Prussia and Germany. It became part of Poland in 1945, as a result of the border changes after the Second World War. The population of Wrocaw in 2016 was 637,075 making it the fourth-largest city in Poland and the main city of Wrocaw agglomeration.

text: Wrocaw

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: western

text: Poland

text: It

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Oder

text: in

text: the

text: Silesian

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: roughly

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: Sudeten

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Wrocaw

text: is

text: the

text: historical

text: capital

text: of

text: Silesia

text: and

text: Lower

text: Silesia

text: Today

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Lower

text: Silesian

text: Voivodeship

text: At

text: various

text: times

text: in

text: history

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: Bohemia

text: Hungary

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Empire

text: Prussia

text: and

text: Germany

text: It

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: border

text: changes

text: after

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: Wrocaw

text: in

text: was

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: main

text: city

text: of

text: Wrocaw

text: agglomeration

text: Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. It covers an area of , situated in the Carpathian Basin and bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world. Hungary's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- global city. Major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Gyr.

text: Hungary

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Basin

text: and

text: bordered

text: by

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Serbia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Croatia

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Slovenia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Hungary

text: is

text: medium

text: sized

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Hungarian

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: Uralic

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Budapest

text: significant

text: economic

text: hub

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: Alpha-

text: global

text: city

text: Major

text: urban

text: areas

text: include

text: Debrecen

text: Szeged

text: Miskolc

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Gyr

text: A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession/control of land between two or more territorial entities or over the possession or control of land, usually between a new state and the occupying power.

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: is

text: disagreement

text: over

text: the

text: possession

text: control

text: of

text: land

text: between

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: territorial

text: entities

text: or

text: over

text: the

text: possession

text: or

text: control

text: of

text: land

text: usually

text: between

text: new

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: occupying

text: power

text: A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country. A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons:

text: national

text: dish

text: is

text: culinary

text: dish

text: that

text: is

text: strongly

text: associated

text: with

text: particular

text: country

text: dish

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: national

text: dish

text: for

text: variety

text: of

text: reasons

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: Christmas Eve is the day before Christmas Day, the festival commemorating the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Christmas Day is observed around the world, and Christmas Eve is widely observed as a full or partial holiday in anticipation of Christmas Day. Together, both days are considered one of the most culturally significant celebrations in Christendom and Western society.

text: Christmas

text: Eve

text: is

text: the

text: day

text: before

text: Christmas

text: Day

text: the

text: festival

text: commemorating

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: Jesus

text: of

text: Nazareth

text: Christmas

text: Day

text: is

text: observed

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: Christmas

text: Eve

text: is

text: widely

text: observed

text: as

text: full

text: or

text: partial

text: holiday

text: in

text: anticipation

text: of

text: Christmas

text: Day

text: Together

text: both

text: days

text: are

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: culturally

text: significant

text: celebrations

text: in

text: Christendom

text: and

text: Western

text: society

text: Kraków, also Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life and is one of Poland's most important economic hubs. It was the capital of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1038 to 1569; the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1795; the Free City of Kraków from 1815 to 1846; the Grand Duchy of Cracow from 1846 to 1918; and Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1998. It has been the capital of Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999.

text: Kraków

text: also

text: Cracow

text: or

text: Krakow

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: cities

text: in

text: Poland

text: Situated

text: on

text: the

text: Vistula

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: region

text: the

text: city

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: Kraków

text: has

text: traditionally

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: centres

text: of

text: Polish

text: academic

text: cultural

text: and

text: artistic

text: life

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Poland

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: economic

text: hubs

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Kraków

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Cracow

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: Kraków

text: Voivodeship

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: since

text: Kaliningrad Oblast ("Kaliningradskaya oblast") is a federal subject of the Russian Federation that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea. As an oblast, its constitutional status is equal to each of the other 84 federal subjects. Its administrative center is the city of Kaliningrad, formerly known as Königsberg. It is the only Baltic port in the Russian Federation that remains ice-free in winter. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 941,873.

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Kaliningradskaya

text: oblast

text: is

text: federal

text: subject

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: that

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: As

text: an

text: oblast

text: its

text: constitutional

text: status

text: is

text: equal

text: to

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: federal

text: subjects

text: Its

text: administrative

text: center

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kaliningrad

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Königsberg

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: Baltic

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: that

text: remains

text: ice

text: free

text: in

text: winter

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: it

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: Chives is the common name of Allium schoenoprasum, an edible species of the "Allium" genus.

text: Chives

text: is

text: the

text: common

text: name

text: of

text: Allium

text: schoenoprasum

text: an

text: edible

text: species

text: of

text: the

text: Allium

text: genus

text: Eastern Europe, also known as East Europe, is the eastern part of the European continent. There is no consensus on the precise area it covers, partly because the term has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, cultural, and socioeconomic connotations. There are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". A related United Nations paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct".

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: East

text: Europe

text: is

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: consensus

text: on

text: the

text: precise

text: area

text: it

text: covers

text: partly

text: because

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: geopolitical

text: geographical

text: cultural

text: and

text: socioeconomic

text: connotations

text: There

text: are

text: almost

text: as

text: many

text: definitions

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: as

text: there

text: are

text: scholars

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: related

text: United

text: Nations

text: paper

text: adds

text: that

text: every

text: assessment

text: of

text: spatial

text: identities

text: is

text: essentially

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: construct

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text: The Sudetes are a mountain range in Central Europe, also known in English (from their names in German and Czech/Polish) as the Sudeten or Sudety mountains.

text: The

text: Sudetes

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: also

text: known

text: in

text: English

text: from

text: their

text: names

text: in

text: German

text: and

text: Czech

text: Polish

text: as

text: the

text: Sudeten

text: or

text: Sudety

text: mountains

text: The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a mountain range system forming an arc roughly long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the second-longest mountain range in Europe (after the Scandinavian Mountains).

text: The

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: or

text: Carpathians

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: system

text: forming

text: an

text: arc

text: roughly

text: long

text: across

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: making

text: them

text: the

text: second

text: longest

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Europe

text: after

text: the

text: Scandinavian

text: Mountains

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.

text: Poland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Sudetes

text: and

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: Poland

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Poland

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: divided

text: into

text: administrative

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Warsaw

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Kraków

text: Wrocaw

text: Pozna

text: Gdask

text: and

text: Szczecin

text: A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralised government that has sovereignty over a geographic area. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined territory, one government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood that a sovereign state is neither dependent on nor subjected to any other power or state.

text: sovereign

text: state

text: is

text: in

text: international

text: law

text: nonphysical

text: juridical

text: entity

text: that

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: one

text: centralised

text: government

text: that

text: has

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: geographic

text: area

text: International

text: law

text: defines

text: sovereign

text: states

text: as

text: having

text: permanent

text: population

text: defined

text: territory

text: one

text: government

text: and

text: the

text: capacity

text: to

text: enter

text: into

text: relations

text: with

text: other

text: sovereign

text: states

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: normally

text: understood

text: that

text: sovereign

text: state

text: is

text: neither

text: dependent

text: on

text: nor

text: subjected

text: to

text: any

text: other

text: power

text: or

text: state

text: A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the world have a unitary system of government. Of the 193 UN member states, 165 of them are governed as unitary states.

text: unitary

text: state

text: is

text: state

text: governed

text: as

text: single

text: power

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: is

text: ultimately

text: supreme

text: and

text: any

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: sub

text: national

text: units

text: exercise

text: only

text: the

text: powers

text: that

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: chooses

text: to

text: delegate

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: unitary

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: Of

text: the

text: UN

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: them

text: are

text: governed

text: as

text: unitary

text: states

text: Easter, also called Pascha "(Greek/Latin)" or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial after his crucifixion by Romans at Calvary 30 AD. It is the culmination of the Passion of Jesus, preceded by Lent (or Great Lent), a forty-day period of fasting, prayer, and penance.

text: Easter

text: also

text: called

text: Pascha

text: Greek

text: Latin

text: or

text: Resurrection

text: Sunday

text: is

text: festival

text: and

text: holiday

text: celebrating

text: the

text: resurrection

text: of

text: Jesus

text: from

text: the

text: dead

text: described

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: Testament

text: as

text: having

text: occurred

text: on

text: the

text: third

text: day

text: of

text: his

text: burial

text: after

text: his

text: crucifixion

text: by

text: Romans

text: at

text: Calvary

text: AD

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: culmination

text: of

text: the

text: Passion

text: of

text: Jesus

text: preceded

text: by

text: Lent

text: or

text: Great

text: Lent

text: forty

text: day

text: period

text: of

text: fasting

text: prayer

text: and

text: penance

text: Pierogi (pronounced ), also known as varenyky, are filled dumplings of Eastern European origin. They are made by wrapping pockets of unleavened dough around a savory or sweet filling and cooking them in boiling water. These dumplings are popular in Slavic (Polish, Slovak, Ukrainian, Russian), Baltic (Latvian, Lithuanian) and other Eastern European cuisines (such as Romanian), where they are known under local names. Pierogi are especially associated with Poland, Ukraine, and Slovakia, where they are considered national dishes.

text: Pierogi

text: pronounced

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: varenyky

text: are

text: filled

text: dumplings

text: of

text: Eastern

text: European

text: origin

text: They

text: are

text: made

text: by

text: wrapping

text: pockets

text: of

text: unleavened

text: dough

text: around

text: savory

text: or

text: sweet

text: filling

text: and

text: cooking

text: them

text: in

text: boiling

text: water

text: These

text: dumplings

text: are

text: popular

text: in

text: Slavic

text: Polish

text: Slovak

text: Ukrainian

text: Russian

text: Baltic

text: Latvian

text: Lithuanian

text: and

text: other

text: Eastern

text: European

text: cuisines

text: such

text: as

text: Romanian

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: known

text: under

text: local

text: names

text: Pierogi

text: are

text: especially

text: associated

text: with

text: Poland

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: considered

text: national

text: dishes

text: Dough is a thick, malleable, sometimes elastic, paste made out of any grains, leguminous or chestnut crops. Dough is typically made by mixing flour with a small amount of water and/or other liquid, and sometimes includes yeast or other leavening agents as well as other ingredients such as various fats or flavorings.

text: Dough

text: is

text: thick

text: malleable

text: sometimes

text: elastic

text: paste

text: made

text: out

text: of

text: any

text: grains

text: leguminous

text: or

text: chestnut

text: crops

text: Dough

text: is

text: typically

text: made

text: by

text: mixing

text: flour

text: with

text: small

text: amount

text: of

text: water

text: and/or

text: other

text: liquid

text: and

text: sometimes

text: includes

text: yeast

text: or

text: other

text: leavening

text: agents

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: ingredients

text: such

text: as

text: various

text: fats

text: or

text: flavorings

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire.

text: Belarus

text: lat

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: formerly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Russian

text: name

text: Byelorussia

text: though

text: this

text: name

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: used

text: in

text: Belarus

text: itself

text: even

text: in

text: Russian

text: language

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Minsk

text: Over

text: of

text: its

text: is

text: forested

text: Its

text: strongest

text: economic

text: sectors

text: are

text: service

text: industries

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: different

text: states

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: controlled

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Belarus

text: including

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: to

text: centuries

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: and

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: The Black Sea is a body of water between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. It is supplied by a number of major rivers, such as the Danube, Dnieper, Rioni, Southern Bug, and Dniester. The Black Sea has an area of (not including the Sea of Azov), a maximum depth of , and a volume of . It is constrained by the Pontic Mountains to the south and by the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and features a wide shelf to the northwest. The longest east-west extent is about .

text: The

text: Black

text: Sea

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: water

text: between

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: bounded

text: by

text: Bulgaria

text: Georgia

text: Romania

text: Russia

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: It

text: is

text: supplied

text: by

text: number

text: of

text: major

text: rivers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Danube

text: Dnieper

text: Rioni

text: Southern

text: Bug

text: and

text: Dniester

text: The

text: Black

text: Sea

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: not

text: including

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: maximum

text: depth

text: of

text: and

text: volume

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: constrained

text: by

text: the

text: Pontic

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: features

text: wide

text: shelf

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: The

text: longest

text: east

text: west

text: extent

text: is

text: about

text: Romania is a sovereign state located in Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, and Moldova. It has an area of and a temperate-continental climate. With 19.94 million inhabitants, the country is the seventh-most-populous member state of the European Union. The capital and largest city, Bucharest, with its 1,883,425 inhabitants is the sixth-largest city in the EU.

text: Romania

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: located

text: in

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: borders

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: Bulgaria

text: Ukraine

text: Hungary

text: Serbia

text: and

text: Moldova

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: Bucharest

text: with

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: Szczecin (German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811.

text: Szczecin

text: German

text: and

text: known

text: also

text: by

text: other

text: alternative

text: names

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: Pomeranian

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: Poland

text: Located

text: near

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: it

text: is

text: major

text: seaport

text: and

text: Poland

text: 's

text: seventh

text: largest

text: city

text: As

text: of

text: June

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: The Baltic Sea (  ; ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gdask. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of Øresund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.

text: The

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: is

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: enclosed

text: by

text: Scandinavia

text: Finland

text: the

text: Baltic

text: countries

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: European

text: Plain

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Riga

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Gdask

text: The

text: sea

text: stretches

text: from

text: to

text: latitude

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: longitude

text: mediterranean

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: with

text: limited

text: water

text: exchange

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: bodies

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: drains

text: through

text: the

text: Danish

text: islands

text: into

text: the

text: Kattegat

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: the

text: straits

text: of

text: Øresund

text: the

text: Great

text: Belt

text: and

text: the

text: Little

text: Belt

text: Central Europe lies between Eastern Europe and Western Europe. The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. Central Europe is going through a phase of "strategic awakening", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope or V4. While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.

text: Central

text: Europe

text: lies

text: between

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Western

text: Europe

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: common

text: historical

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: identity

text: Central

text: Europe

text: is

text: going

text: through

text: phase

text: of

text: strategic

text: awakening

text: with

text: initiatives

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: CEI

text: Centrope

text: or

text: While

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: economy

text: shows

text: high

text: disparities

text: with

text: regard

text: to

text: income

text: all

text: Central

text: European

text: countries

text: are

text: listed

text: by

text: the

text: Human

text: Development

text: Index

text: as

text: very

text: highly

text: developed

text: Moldova (or sometimes ), or Moldavia, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The capital city is Chiinu.

text: Moldova

text: or

text: sometimes

text: or

text: Moldavia

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Moldova

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Romania

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: The

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Chiinu

text: The Crimean Peninsula ("Krymskiy poluostrov;" , "Kryms'ky pivostriv"), also known simply as Crimea ( "Krym" "Krym"), is a major land mass on the northern coast of the Black Sea that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast. The peninsula is located south of the Ukrainian region of Kherson and west of the Russian region of Kuban. It is connected to Kherson Oblast by the Isthmus of Perekop and is separated from Kuban by the Strait of Kerch. The Arabat Spit is located to the northeast, a narrow strip of land that separates a system of lagoons named Sivash from the Sea of Azov.

text: The

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: Krymskiy

text: poluostrov

text: Kryms'ky

text: pivostriv

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Crimea

text: Krym

text: Krym

text: is

text: major

text: land

text: mass

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: that

text: is

text: almost

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: smaller

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: peninsula

text: is

text: located

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Ukrainian

text: region

text: of

text: Kherson

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: region

text: of

text: Kuban

text: It

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: Kherson

text: Oblast

text: by

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: of

text: Perekop

text: and

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: Kuban

text: by

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Kerch

text: The

text: Arabat

text: Spit

text: is

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: narrow

text: strip

text: of

text: land

text: that

text: separates

text: system

text: of

text: lagoons

text: named

text: Sivash

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: Pozna (known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region. It is best known for its renaissance Old Town, destroyed during World War II and then rebuilt, and Ostrów Tumski Cathedral. Today, Pozna is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Jarmark witojaski, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect.

text: Pozna

text: known

text: also

text: by

text: other

text: historical

text: names

text: is

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Warta

text: river

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: region

text: It

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: renaissance

text: Old

text: Town

text: destroyed

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: then

text: rebuilt

text: and

text: Ostrów

text: Tumski

text: Cathedral

text: Today

text: Pozna

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: and

text: business

text: centre

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: Poland

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: regions

text: with

text: many

text: regional

text: customs

text: such

text: as

text: Jarmark

text: witojaski

text: traditional

text: Saint

text: Martin

text: 's

text: croissants

text: and

text: local

text: dialect

text: Uszka , ( meaning `` little ears '' in Polish ) , are small dumplings ( a very small and twisted version of pierogi ) usually filled with flavoursome wild forest mushrooms and / or minced meat . They are usually served with barszcz , though they can be eaten simply with melted butter and herbs ( usually chives ) sprinkled over . When vegetarian ( filled only with mushrooms or onion ) they are a part of traditional Christmas Eve dishes in Poland and Ukraine , and are either added in the soup , or eaten as a side dish . In various languages they are called : Belarusian :  ( vúški ) Russian :  ( úški ) Ukrainian :  ( vúška )

text: Uszka

text: meaning

text: little

text: ears

text: in

text: Polish

text: are

text: small

text: dumplings

text: very

text: small

text: and

text: twisted

text: version

text: of

text: pierogi

text: usually

text: filled

text: with

text: flavoursome

text: wild

text: forest

text: mushrooms

text: and

text: or

text: minced

text: meat

text: They

text: are

text: usually

text: served

text: with

text: barszcz

text: though

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: eaten

text: simply

text: with

text: melted

text: butter

text: and

text: herbs

text: usually

text: chives

text: sprinkled

text: over

text: When

text: vegetarian

text: filled

text: only

text: with

text: mushrooms

text: or

text: onion

text: they

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: traditional

text: Christmas

text: Eve

text: dishes

text: in

text: Poland

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: are

text: either

text: added

text: in

text: the

text: soup

text: or

text: eaten

text: as

text: side

text: dish

text: In

text: various

text: languages

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: Belarusian

text: vúški

text: Russian

text: úški

text: Ukrainian

text: vúška

text: The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: name

text: Czechia

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: mostly

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: and

text: oceanic

text: climate

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Prague

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: includes

text: the

text: historical

text: territories

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text:
Jesus (; c. 4 BC  c. AD 30/33), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ, was a Jewish preacher and religious leader who became the central figure of Christianity. Christians believe him to be the Son of God and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.
Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically, although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the biblical Jesus reflects the historical Jesus. Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry, preaching his message orally and often being referred to as "rabbi". He was arrested and tried by the Jewish authorities, and was crucified by the order of Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect. Jesus debated fellow Jews on how to best follow God, performed healings, taught in parables and gathered followers. After his death, his followers believed he rose from the dead, and the community they formed eventually became the Christian Church.

text: Jesus

text: BC

text: AD

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Jesus

text: of

text: Nazareth

text: or

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: was

text: Jewish

text: preacher

text: and

text: religious

text: leader

text: who

text: became

text: the

text: central

text: figure

text: of

text: Christianity

text: Christians

text: believe

text: him

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: Son

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: the

text: awaited

text: Messiah

text: Christ

text: prophesied

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: Virtually

text: all

text: modern

text: scholars

text: of

text: antiquity

text: agree

text: that

text: Jesus

text: existed

text: historically

text: although

text: the

text: quest

text: for

text: the

text: historical

text: Jesus

text: has

text: produced

text: little

text: agreement

text: on

text: the

text: historical

text: reliability

text: of

text: the

text: Gospels

text: and

text: on

text: how

text: closely

text: the

text: biblical

text: Jesus

text: reflects

text: the

text: historical

text: Jesus

text: Jesus

text: was

text: Galilean

text: Jew

text: who

text: was

text: baptized

text: by

text: John

text: the

text: Baptist

text: and

text: subsequently

text: began

text: his

text: own

text: ministry

text: preaching

text: his

text: message

text: orally

text: and

text: often

text: being

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: rabbi

text: He

text: was

text: arrested

text: and

text: tried

text: by

text: the

text: Jewish

text: authorities

text: and

text: was

text: crucified

text: by

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: Pontius

text: Pilate

text: the

text: Roman

text: prefect

text: Jesus

text: debated

text: fellow

text: Jews

text: on

text: how

text: to

text: best

text: follow

text: God

text: performed

text: healings

text: taught

text: in

text: parables

text: and

text: gathered

text: followers

text: After

text: his

text: death

text: his

text: followers

text: believed

text: he

text: rose

text: from

text: the

text: dead

text: and

text: the

text: community

text: they

text: formed

text: eventually

text: became

text: the

text: Christian

text: Church

text: Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

text: Lithuania

text: UK

text: and

text: US

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: it

text: is

text: situated

text: along

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Lithuania

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Vilnius

text: Lithuanians

text: are

text: Baltic

text: people

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: Lithuanian

text: along

text: with

text: Latvian

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: living

text: languages

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: Eastern European cuisine is a generic term for the rich tapestry of ethnic cuisines that encompasses many different cultures, ethnicities, languages, and histories of East-Central and Eastern European nations excluding most Balkan countries.

text: Eastern

text: European

text: cuisine

text: is

text: generic

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: rich

text: tapestry

text: of

text: ethnic

text: cuisines

text: that

text: encompasses

text: many

text: different

text: cultures

text: ethnicities

text: languages

text: and

text: histories

text: of

text: East

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: European

text: nations

text: excluding

text: most

text: Balkan

text: countries

text: Warsaw (; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1.750 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.105 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover , while the metropolitan area covers .

text: Warsaw

text: see

text: also

text: other

text: names

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Poland

text: It

text: stands

text: on

text: the

text: Vistula

text: River

text: in

text: east

text: central

text: Poland

text: roughly

text: from

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: Its

text: population

text: is

text: estimated

text: at

text: million

text: residents

text: within

text: greater

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: million

text: residents

text: which

text: makes

text: Warsaw

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: capital

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: city

text: limits

text: cover

text: while

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: covers

text: Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.

text: Slovakia

text: officially

text: the

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Hungary

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: 's

text: territory

text: spans

text: about

text: and

text: is

text: mostly

text: mountainous

text: The

text: population

text: is

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: comprises

text: mostly

text: ethnic

text: Slovaks

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bratislava

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Slovak

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Slavic

text: language

text: family

text: The Sea of Azov ("Azovs'ke more/Azovke more") is a sea in Eastern Europe. To the south it is linked by the narrow (about ) Strait of Kerch to the Black Sea, and it is sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea. The sea is bounded in the north by mainland Ukraine, in the east by Russia, and in the west by the Crimean Peninsula. The Don and Kuban are the major rivers that flow into it. The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world, with the depth varying between . There is a constant outflow of water from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea.

text: The

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: Azovs'ke

text: more

text: Azovke

text: more

text: is

text: sea

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: To

text: the

text: south

text: it

text: is

text: linked

text: by

text: the

text: narrow

text: about

text: Strait

text: of

text: Kerch

text: to

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: sometimes

text: regarded

text: as

text: northern

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: bounded

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: mainland

text: Ukraine

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Russia

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: The

text: Don

text: and

text: Kuban

text: are

text: the

text: major

text: rivers

text: that

text: flow

text: into

text: it

text: The

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: is

text: the

text: shallowest

text: sea

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: the

text: depth

text: varying

text: between

text: There

text: is

text: constant

text: outflow

text: of

text: water

text: from

text: the

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely multiple

question: has_part uszka

answer: dough

text: dough

text: dough

text: dough