text: Antoinette de Maignelais ( 1434 -- 1474 ) was the chief mistress of Charles VII of France from 1450 until his death . The Baroness of Villequier by marriage , she replaced her cousin Agnès Sorel as the king 's favourite mistress after Sorel 's sudden death in 1450 . Later in life she was the mistress of Francis II , Duke of Brittany .

text: Antoinette

text: de

text: Maignelais

text: was

text: the

text: chief

text: mistress

text: of

text: Charles

text: VII

text: of

text: France

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: The

text: Baroness

text: of

text: Villequier

text: by

text: marriage

text: she

text: replaced

text: her

text: cousin

text: Agnès

text: Sorel

text: as

text: the

text: king

text: 's

text: favourite

text: mistress

text: after

text: Sorel

text: 's

text: sudden

text: death

text: in

text: Later

text: in

text: life

text: she

text: was

text: the

text: mistress

text: of

text: Francis

text: II

text: Duke

text: of

text: Brittany

text: Seine-Maritime is a department of France in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre. Until 1955 it was named "Seine-Inférieure".

text: Seine

text: Maritime

text: is

text: department

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: the

text: Normandy

text: region

text: of

text: northern

text: France

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: coast

text: of

text: France

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Seine

text: and

text: includes

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Rouen

text: and

text: Le

text: Havre

text: Until

text: it

text: was

text: named

text: Seine

text: Inférieure

text: The House of Valois was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. They succeeded the House of Capet (or "Direct Capetians") to the French throne, and were the royal house of France from 1328 to 1589. Junior members of the family founded cadet branches in Orléans, Anjou, Burgundy, and Alençon.

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Valois

text: was

text: cadet

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Capetian

text: dynasty

text: They

text: succeeded

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Capet

text: or

text: Direct

text: Capetians

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: throne

text: and

text: were

text: the

text: royal

text: house

text: of

text: France

text: from

text: to

text: Junior

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: founded

text: cadet

text: branches

text: in

text: Orléans

text: Anjou

text: Burgundy

text: and

text: Alençon

text: Anne of France (or Anne de Beaujeu) (3 April 1461  14 November 1522) was the eldest daughter of Louis XI by his second wife, Charlotte of Savoy. Anne was the sister of Charles VIII, for whom she acted as regent during his minority. During the regency she was one of the most powerful women of late fifteenth-century Europe and was referred to as "Madame la Grande".

text: Anne

text: of

text: France

text: or

text: Anne

text: de

text: Beaujeu

text: April

text: November

text: was

text: the

text: eldest

text: daughter

text: of

text: Louis

text: XI

text: by

text: his

text: second

text: wife

text: Charlotte

text: of

text: Savoy

text: Anne

text: was

text: the

text: sister

text: of

text: Charles

text: VIII

text: for

text: whom

text: she

text: acted

text: as

text: regent

text: during

text: his

text: minority

text: During

text: the

text: regency

text: she

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: women

text: of

text: late

text: fifteenth

text: century

text: Europe

text: and

text: was

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Madame

text: la

text: Grande

text: The Seine is a long river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France. It rises at Source-Seine, northwest of Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre (and Honfleur on the left bank). It is navigable by ocean-going vessels as far as Rouen, from the sea. Over 60 percent of its length, as far as Burgundy, is negotiable by commercial riverboats and nearly its whole length is available for recreational boating; excursion boats offer sightseeing tours of the "Rive Droite" and "Rive Gauche" within the city of Paris.

text: The

text: Seine

text: is

text: long

text: river

text: and

text: an

text: important

text: commercial

text: waterway

text: within

text: the

text: Paris

text: Basin

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: France

text: It

text: rises

text: at

text: Source

text: Seine

text: northwest

text: of

text: Dijon

text: in

text: northeastern

text: France

text: in

text: the

text: Langres

text: plateau

text: flowing

text: through

text: Paris

text: and

text: into

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: at

text: Le

text: Havre

text: and

text: Honfleur

text: on

text: the

text: left

text: bank

text: It

text: is

text: navigable

text: by

text: ocean

text: going

text: vessels

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: Rouen

text: from

text: the

text: sea

text: Over

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: length

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: Burgundy

text: is

text: negotiable

text: by

text: commercial

text: riverboats

text: and

text: nearly

text: its

text: whole

text: length

text: is

text: available

text: for

text: recreational

text: boating

text: excursion

text: boats

text: offer

text: sightseeing

text: tours

text: of

text: the

text: Rive

text: Droite

text: and

text: Rive

text: Gauche

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Paris

text: Charles VII (22 February 1403  22 July 1461), called the Victorious or the Well-Served, was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1422 to his death.

text: Charles

text: VII

text: February

text: July

text: called

text: the

text: Victorious

text: or

text: the

text: Well

text: Served

text: was

text: monarch

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Valois

text: who

text: ruled

text: as

text: King

text: of

text: France

text: from

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: Agnès Sorel (1422  9 February 1450), known by the sobriquet "Dame de beauté", was a favourite mistress of King Charles VII of France, by whom she bore three daughters. She is considered the first officially recognized royal mistress. She was the subject of several contemporary paintings and works of art, including Jean Fouquet's "Virgin and Child Surrounded by Angels".

text: Agnès

text: Sorel

text: February

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: sobriquet

text: Dame

text: de

text: beauté

text: was

text: favourite

text: mistress

text: of

text: King

text: Charles

text: VII

text: of

text: France

text: by

text: whom

text: she

text: bore

text: three

text: daughters

text: She

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: first

text: officially

text: recognized

text: royal

text: mistress

text: She

text: was

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: several

text: contemporary

text: paintings

text: and

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: including

text: Jean

text: Fouquet

text: 's

text: Virgin

text: and

text: Child

text: Surrounded

text: by

text: Angels

text: Louis XI (3 July 1423  30 August 1483), called the Prudent, was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father Charles VII.

text: Louis

text: XI

text: July

text: August

text: called

text: the

text: Prudent

text: was

text: monarch

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Valois

text: who

text: ruled

text: as

text: King

text: of

text: France

text: from

text: to

text: He

text: succeeded

text: his

text: father

text: Charles

text: VII

text: The Mad War ("la Guerre folle" in French), also known as the War of the Public Weal, was a late Medieval conflict between a coalition of feudal lords and the French monarchy. It occurred during the regency of Anne of Beaujeu in the period after the death of Louis XI and before the majority of Charles VIII. The war began in 1485 and ended in 1488.

text: The

text: Mad

text: War

text: la

text: Guerre

text: folle

text: in

text: French

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Public

text: Weal

text: was

text: late

text: Medieval

text: conflict

text: between

text: coalition

text: of

text: feudal

text: lords

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: monarchy

text: It

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: regency

text: of

text: Anne

text: of

text: Beaujeu

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Louis

text: XI

text: and

text: before

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Charles

text: VIII

text: The

text: war

text: began

text: in

text: and

text: ended

text: in

text: Francis II of Brittany (in Breton Frañsez II, in French François II) (23 June 1433  9 September 1488) was Duke of Brittany from 1458 to his death. He was the son of Richard of Brittany and the grandson of Duke John IV. A recurring theme in Francis' life would be his quest to maintain the quasi-independence of Brittany from France. As such, his reign was characterised by conflicts with King Louis XI of France and with his daughter, Anne of France, who served as regent during the minority of her brother, Charles VIII. The armed and unarmed conflicts between 1484-1488 have been called the Mad War ("la Guerre Folle") and also the War of the Public Weal.

text: Francis

text: II

text: of

text: Brittany

text: in

text: Breton

text: Frañsez

text: II

text: in

text: French

text: François

text: II

text: June

text: September

text: was

text: Duke

text: of

text: Brittany

text: from

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Richard

text: of

text: Brittany

text: and

text: the

text: grandson

text: of

text: Duke

text: John

text: IV

text: recurring

text: theme

text: in

text: Francis

text: life

text: would

text: be

text: his

text: quest

text: to

text: maintain

text: the

text: quasi

text: independence

text: of

text: Brittany

text: from

text: France

text: As

text: such

text: his

text: reign

text: was

text: characterised

text: by

text: conflicts

text: with

text: King

text: Louis

text: XI

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: with

text: his

text: daughter

text: Anne

text: of

text: France

text: who

text: served

text: as

text: regent

text: during

text: the

text: minority

text: of

text: her

text: brother

text: Charles

text: VIII

text: The

text: armed

text: and

text: unarmed

text: conflicts

text: between

text: have

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: Mad

text: War

text: la

text: Guerre

text: Folle

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Public

text: Weal

text: Jean (or Jehan) Fouquet (14201481) was a preeminent French painter of the 15th century, a master of both panel painting and manuscript illumination, and the apparent inventor of the portrait miniature. He was the first French artist to travel to Italy and experience first-hand the early Italian Renaissance.

text: Jean

text: or

text: Jehan

text: Fouquet

text: was

text: preeminent

text: French

text: painter

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: master

text: of

text: both

text: panel

text: painting

text: and

text: manuscript

text: illumination

text: and

text: the

text: apparent

text: inventor

text: of

text: the

text: portrait

text: miniature

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: French

text: artist

text: to

text: travel

text: to

text: Italy

text: and

text: experience

text: first

text: hand

text: the

text: early

text: Italian

text: Renaissance

text: A favourite or favorite (American English) was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person. In medieval and Early Modern Europe, among other times and places, the term is used of individuals delegated significant political power by a ruler. It was especially a phenomenon of the 16th and 17th centuries, when government had become too complex for many hereditary rulers with no great interest in or talent for it, and political institutions were still evolving. From 1600 to 1660 there were particular successions of all-powerful minister-favourites in much of Europe, especially in Spain, England, France and Sweden.

text: favourite

text: or

text: favorite

text: American

text: English

text: was

text: the

text: intimate

text: companion

text: of

text: ruler

text: or

text: other

text: important

text: person

text: In

text: medieval

text: and

text: Early

text: Modern

text: Europe

text: among

text: other

text: times

text: and

text: places

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: used

text: of

text: individuals

text: delegated

text: significant

text: political

text: power

text: by

text: ruler

text: It

text: was

text: especially

text: phenomenon

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: when

text: government

text: had

text: become

text: too

text: complex

text: for

text: many

text: hereditary

text: rulers

text: with

text: no

text: great

text: interest

text: in

text: or

text: talent

text: for

text: it

text: and

text: political

text: institutions

text: were

text: still

text: evolving

text: From

text: to

text: there

text: were

text: particular

text: successions

text: of

text: all

text: powerful

text: minister

text: favourites

text: in

text: much

text: of

text: Europe

text: especially

text: in

text: Spain

text: England

text: France

text: and

text: Sweden

text: France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.

text: France

text: officially

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: is

text: country

text: with

text: territory

text: in

text: western

text: Europe

text: and

text: several

text: overseas

text: regions

text: and

text: territories

text: The

text: European

text: or

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: France

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: Sea

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: Rhine

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Overseas

text: France

text: include

text: French

text: Guiana

text: on

text: the

text: South

text: American

text: continent

text: and

text: several

text: island

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Pacific

text: and

text: Indian

text: oceans

text: France

text: spans

text: and

text: had

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: almost

text: million

text: people

text: as

text: of

text: January

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: semi

text: presidential

text: republic

text: with

text: the

text: capital

text: in

text: Paris

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: main

text: cultural

text: and

text: commercial

text: centre

text: Other

text: major

text: urban

text: centres

text: include

text: Marseille

text: Lyon

text: Lille

text: Nice

text: Toulouse

text: and

text: Bordeaux

text: Brittany ( pronounced or ; Gallo: "Bertaèyn", pronounced ) is a cultural region in the north-west of France. Covering the western part of Armorica, as it was known during the period of Roman occupation, Brittany subsequently became an independent kingdom and then a duchy before being united with the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province governed as if it were a separate nation under the crown. Brittany has also been referred to as "Less", "Lesser" or "Little" Britain (as opposed to "Great Britain"). It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. Its land area is 34,023 km² .

text: Brittany

text: pronounced

text: or

text: Gallo

text: Bertaèyn

text: pronounced

text: is

text: cultural

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: west

text: of

text: France

text: Covering

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: Armorica

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: Roman

text: occupation

text: Brittany

text: subsequently

text: became

text: an

text: independent

text: kingdom

text: and

text: then

text: duchy

text: before

text: being

text: united

text: with

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: as

text: province

text: governed

text: as

text: if

text: it

text: were

text: separate

text: nation

text: under

text: the

text: crown

text: Brittany

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Less

text: Lesser

text: or

text: Little

text: Britain

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Celtic

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Its

text: land

text: area

text: is

text: Villequier is a former commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Rives-en-Seine.

text: Villequier

text: is

text: former

text: commune

text: in

text: the

text: Seine

text: Maritime

text: department

text: in

text: the

text: Normandy

text: region

text: in

text: northern

text: France

text: On

text: January

text: it

text: was

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: new

text: commune

text: of

text: Rives

text: en

text: Seine

question: date_of_birth antoinette de maignelais

answer: 1420


text: Borland Software Corporation is a software company that facilitates software deployment projects. Borland was first headquartered in Scotts Valley, California, then in Cupertino, California, and now in Austin, Texas. It is now a Micro Focus International subsidiary. It was founded in 1983 by Niels Jensen, Ole Henriksen, Mogens Glad and Philippe Kahn.

text: Borland

text: Software

text: Corporation

text: is

text: software

text: company

text: that

text: facilitates

text: software

text: deployment

text: projects

text: Borland

text: was

text: first

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Scotts

text: Valley

text: California

text: then

text: in

text: Cupertino

text: California

text: and

text: now

text: in

text: Austin

text: Texas

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: Micro

text: Focus

text: International

text: subsidiary

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Niels

text: Jensen

text: Ole

text: Henriksen

text: Mogens

text: Glad

text: and

text: Philippe

text: Kahn

text: Cupertino is a U.S. city in Santa Clara County, California, directly west of San Jose on the western edge of the Santa Clara Valley with portions extending into the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The population was 58,302 as of the 2010 census. Forbes ranked it as one of the most educated small towns, with local public schools ranking highly in the country. It is known as the home of the Apple Inc. corporate headquarters.

text: Cupertino

text: is

text: U.S.

text: city

text: in

text: Santa

text: Clara

text: County

text: California

text: directly

text: west

text: of

text: San

text: Jose

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Clara

text: Valley

text: with

text: portions

text: extending

text: into

text: the

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: Mountains

text: The

text: population

text: was

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: Forbes

text: ranked

text: it

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: educated

text: small

text: towns

text: with

text: local

text: public

text: schools

text: ranking

text: highly

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Apple

text: Inc.

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: Scotts Valley is a small city in Santa Cruz County, California, United States, about thirty miles (48 km) south of downtown San Jose and six miles (10 km) north of the city of Santa Cruz, in the upland slope of the Santa Cruz Mountains. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 11,580. Principal access to the city is supplied by State Route 17 that connects San Jose and Santa Cruz. The city was incorporated in 1966.

text: Scotts

text: Valley

text: is

text: small

text: city

text: in

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: County

text: California

text: United

text: States

text: about

text: thirty

text: miles

text: km

text: south

text: of

text: downtown

text: San

text: Jose

text: and

text: six

text: miles

text: km

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: in

text: the

text: upland

text: slope

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: Mountains

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: population

text: was

text: Principal

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: supplied

text: by

text: State

text: Route

text: that

text: connects

text: San

text: Jose

text: and

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: incorporated

text: in

text: Edward M. Esber , Jr. is the former CEO of Ashton - Tate and initiated its sale to Borland . Esber was fired from Ashton Tate over disagreements on strategy and acquisitions with the board . Esber presently works as an angel investor in Silicon Valley .

text: Edward

text: Esber

text: Jr.

text: is

text: the

text: former

text: CEO

text: of

text: Ashton

text: Tate

text: and

text: initiated

text: its

text: sale

text: to

text: Borland

text: Esber

text: was

text: fired

text: from

text: Ashton

text: Tate

text: over

text: disagreements

text: on

text: strategy

text: and

text: acquisitions

text: with

text: the

text: board

text: Esber

text: presently

text: works

text: as

text: an

text: angel

text: investor

text: in

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: Ashton-Tate (Ashton-Tate Corporation) was a US-based software company best known for developing the popular dBASE database application. Ashton-Tate grew from a small garage-based company to become a multinational corporation. Once one of the "Big Three" software companies, which included Microsoft and Lotus, the company stumbled and was later sold to Borland in September 1991.

text: Ashton

text: Tate

text: Ashton

text: Tate

text: Corporation

text: was

text: US

text: based

text: software

text: company

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: developing

text: the

text: popular

text: dBASE

text: database

text: application

text: Ashton

text: Tate

text: grew

text: from

text: small

text: garage

text: based

text: company

text: to

text: become

text: multinational

text: corporation

text: Once

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Three

text: software

text: companies

text: which

text: included

text: Microsoft

text: and

text: Lotus

text: the

text: company

text: stumbled

text: and

text: was

text: later

text: sold

text: to

text: Borland

text: in

text: September

text: Micro Focus International plc is a multinational software and information technology business based in Newbury, Berkshire, England. The firm provides software and consultancy services for clients updating legacy systems to more modern platforms. The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

text: Micro

text: Focus

text: International

text: plc

text: is

text: multinational

text: software

text: and

text: information

text: technology

text: business

text: based

text: in

text: Newbury

text: Berkshire

text: England

text: The

text: firm

text: provides

text: software

text: and

text: consultancy

text: services

text: for

text: clients

text: updating

text: legacy

text: systems

text: to

text: more

text: modern

text: platforms

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: listed

text: on

text: the

text: London

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: LSE

text: and

text: is

text: constituent

text: of

text: the

text: FTSE

text: Index

text: Philippe Kahn (born March 16, 1952) is a mathematician, technology innovator, entrepreneur and founder of four technology companies: Fullpower Technologies, LightSurf Technologies, Starfish Software and Borland. Kahn is credited with creating the first camera phone, being a pioneer for wearable technology intellectual property, and is the author of dozens of technology patents covering wearable, eyewear, smartphone, mobile, imaging, wireless, synchronization and medical technologies.

text: Philippe

text: Kahn

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: mathematician

text: technology

text: innovator

text: entrepreneur

text: and

text: founder

text: of

text: four

text: technology

text: companies

text: Fullpower

text: Technologies

text: LightSurf

text: Technologies

text: Starfish

text: Software

text: and

text: Borland

text: Kahn

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: creating

text: the

text: first

text: camera

text: phone

text: being

text: pioneer

text: for

text: wearable

text: technology

text: intellectual

text: property

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: dozens

text: of

text: technology

text: patents

text: covering

text: wearable

text: eyewear

text: smartphone

text: mobile

text: imaging

text: wireless

text: synchronization

text: and

text: medical

text: technologies

text: Austin is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. It is the city in the U.S. and the in Texas. It is the fastest growing city in the United States and the second most populated capital city after Phoenix, Arizona. As of the U.S. Census Bureau's July 1, 2015 estimate, Austin has a population of 931,830. Located in in the foothills of Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long. It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan area, which had an estimated population of 2,064,149 as of June 1, 2016.

text: Austin

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Texas

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Travis

text: County

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: the

text: in

text: Texas

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populated

text: capital

text: city

text: after

text: Phoenix

text: Arizona

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: 's

text: July

text: estimate

text: Austin

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: Located

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: foothills

text: of

text: Texas

text: Hill

text: Country

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: numerous

text: lakes

text: rivers

text: and

text: waterways

text: including

text: Lady

text: Bird

text: Lake

text: Barton

text: Springs

text: McKinney

text: Falls

text: the

text: Colorado

text: River

text: Lake

text: Travis

text: and

text: Lake

text: Walter

text: Long

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: economic

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: which

text: had

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: June

annotations: follows multiple

question: date_of_birth ed esber

answer: 1952


text: Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical  humor, pathos, love, anger  are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole. Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements. Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.

text: Musical

text: theatre

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: theatrical

text: performance

text: that

text: combines

text: songs

text: spoken

text: dialogue

text: acting

text: and

text: dance

text: The

text: story

text: and

text: emotional

text: content

text: of

text: musical

text: humor

text: pathos

text: love

text: anger

text: are

text: communicated

text: through

text: the

text: words

text: music

text: movement

text: and

text: technical

text: aspects

text: of

text: the

text: entertainment

text: as

text: an

text: integrated

text: whole

text: Although

text: musical

text: theatre

text: overlaps

text: with

text: other

text: theatrical

text: forms

text: like

text: opera

text: and

text: dance

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: distinguished

text: by

text: the

text: equal

text: importance

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: music

text: as

text: compared

text: with

text: the

text: dialogue

text: movement

text: and

text: other

text: elements

text: Since

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: musical

text: theatre

text: stage

text: works

text: have

text: generally

text: been

text: called

text: simply

text: musicals

text: A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental and/or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist solely of instruments, such as the jazz quartet or the orchestra. Some music ensembles consist solely of singers, such as choirs and doo wop groups. In both popular music and classical music, there are ensembles in which both instrumentalists and singers perform, such as the rock band or the Baroque chamber group for basso continuo (harpsichord and cello) and one or more singers. In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families (such as piano, strings, and wind instruments) or group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles (e.g., string quartet) or wind ensembles (e.g., wind quintet). Some ensembles blend the sounds of a variety of instrument families, such as the orchestra, which uses a string section, brass instruments, woodwinds and percussion instruments, or the concert band, which uses brass, woodwinds and percussion.

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: music

text: group

text: or

text: musical

text: group

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: perform

text: instrumental

text: and/or

text: vocal

text: music

text: with

text: the

text: ensemble

text: typically

text: known

text: by

text: distinct

text: name

text: Some

text: music

text: ensembles

text: consist

text: solely

text: of

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: jazz

text: quartet

text: or

text: the

text: orchestra

text: Some

text: music

text: ensembles

text: consist

text: solely

text: of

text: singers

text: such

text: as

text: choirs

text: and

text: doo

text: wop

text: groups

text: In

text: both

text: popular

text: music

text: and

text: classical

text: music

text: there

text: are

text: ensembles

text: in

text: which

text: both

text: instrumentalists

text: and

text: singers

text: perform

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: rock

text: band

text: or

text: the

text: Baroque

text: chamber

text: group

text: for

text: basso

text: continuo

text: harpsichord

text: and

text: cello

text: and

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: singers

text: In

text: classical

text: music

text: trios

text: or

text: quartets

text: either

text: blend

text: the

text: sounds

text: of

text: musical

text: instrument

text: families

text: such

text: as

text: piano

text: strings

text: and

text: wind

text: instruments

text: or

text: group

text: together

text: instruments

text: from

text: the

text: same

text: instrument

text: family

text: such

text: as

text: string

text: ensembles

text: e.g.

text: string

text: quartet

text: or

text: wind

text: ensembles

text: e.g.

text: wind

text: quintet

text: Some

text: ensembles

text: blend

text: the

text: sounds

text: of

text: variety

text: of

text: instrument

text: families

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: orchestra

text: which

text: uses

text: string

text: section

text: brass

text: instruments

text: woodwinds

text: and

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: or

text: the

text: concert

text: band

text: which

text: uses

text: brass

text: woodwinds

text: and

text: percussion

text: A cantata (literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb "cantare", "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.

text: cantata

text: literally

text: sung

text: past

text: participle

text: feminine

text: singular

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: verb

text: cantare

text: to

text: sing

text: is

text: vocal

text: composition

text: with

text: an

text: instrumental

text: accompaniment

text: typically

text: in

text: several

text: movements

text: often

text: involving

text: choir

text: The Trentino or autonomous province of Trento is an autonomous province of Italy, in the country's far north. Trentino is, along with South Tyrol, one of the two provinces making up the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, which is designated an autonomous region under the constitution. The province is divided into 178 "comuni" (municipalities). Its capital is the city of Trento. The province covers an area of more than , with a total population of about 500,000. Trentino is renowned for its mountains, such as the Dolomites, which are part of the Alps.

text: The

text: Trentino

text: or

text: autonomous

text: province

text: of

text: Trento

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: province

text: of

text: Italy

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: far

text: north

text: Trentino

text: is

text: along

text: with

text: South

text: Tyrol

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: provinces

text: making

text: up

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Trentino

text: Alto

text: Adige

text: Südtirol

text: which

text: is

text: designated

text: an

text: autonomous

text: region

text: under

text: the

text: constitution

text: The

text: province

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: comuni

text: municipalities

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Trento

text: The

text: province

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: with

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: Trentino

text: is

text: renowned

text: for

text: its

text: mountains

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Dolomites

text: which

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: I masnadieri ( The Bandits or The Robbers ) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Andrea Maffei , based on Die Räuber by Friedrich von Schiller . As Verdi became more successful in Italy , he began to receive offers from other opera houses outside the country . The London impresario Benjamin Lumley had presented Ernani in 1845 and , as a result of its success , commissioned an opera from the composer which became I masnadieri . It was given its first performance at Her Majesty 's Theatre on 22 July 1847 with Verdi conducting the first two performances . While reasonably successful there and in Italy up to the mid- 1860s , the opera disappeared for about 90 years until revived in 1951 . It has been revived from time to time in the 21st century .

text: masnadieri

text: The

text: Bandits

text: or

text: The

text: Robbers

text: is

text: an

text: opera

text: in

text: four

text: acts

text: by

text: Giuseppe

text: Verdi

text: to

text: an

text: Italian

text: libretto

text: by

text: Andrea

text: Maffei

text: based

text: on

text: Die

text: Räuber

text: by

text: Friedrich

text: von

text: Schiller

text: As

text: Verdi

text: became

text: more

text: successful

text: in

text: Italy

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: receive

text: offers

text: from

text: other

text: opera

text: houses

text: outside

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: London

text: impresario

text: Benjamin

text: Lumley

text: had

text: presented

text: Ernani

text: in

text: and

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: its

text: success

text: commissioned

text: an

text: opera

text: from

text: the

text: composer

text: which

text: became

text: masnadieri

text: It

text: was

text: given

text: its

text: first

text: performance

text: at

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: Theatre

text: on

text: July

text: with

text: Verdi

text: conducting

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: performances

text: While

text: reasonably

text: successful

text: there

text: and

text: in

text: Italy

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: mid-

text: the

text: opera

text: disappeared

text: for

text: about

text: years

text: until

text: revived

text: in

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: revived

text: from

text: time

text: to

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes (like lawyers' wigs or military officers' spurs), but the idea has also been applied to social norms such as greetings. Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of yearsthe word "tradition" itself derives from the Latin "tradere" or "traderer" literally meaning to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping. While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history, many traditions have been invented on purpose, whether that be political or cultural, over short periods of time. Various academic disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways.

text: tradition

text: is

text: belief

text: or

text: behavior

text: passed

text: down

text: within

text: group

text: or

text: society

text: with

text: symbolic

text: meaning

text: or

text: special

text: significance

text: with

text: origins

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: Common

text: examples

text: include

text: holidays

text: or

text: impractical

text: but

text: socially

text: meaningful

text: clothes

text: like

text: lawyers

text: wigs

text: or

text: military

text: officers

text: spurs

text: but

text: the

text: idea

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: social

text: norms

text: such

text: as

text: greetings

text: Traditions

text: can

text: persist

text: and

text: evolve

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: yearsthe

text: word

text: tradition

text: itself

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: tradere

text: or

text: traderer

text: literally

text: meaning

text: to

text: transmit

text: to

text: hand

text: over

text: to

text: give

text: for

text: safekeeping

text: While

text: it

text: is

text: commonly

text: assumed

text: that

text: traditions

text: have

text: ancient

text: history

text: many

text: traditions

text: have

text: been

text: invented

text: on

text: purpose

text: whether

text: that

text: be

text: political

text: or

text: cultural

text: over

text: short

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: Various

text: academic

text: disciplines

text: also

text: use

text: the

text: word

text: in

text: variety

text: of

text: ways

text: An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which features string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, grouped in sections. Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and, for performances of some modern compositions, electronic instruments.

text: An

text: orchestra

text: is

text: large

text: instrumental

text: ensemble

text: typical

text: of

text: classical

text: music

text: which

text: features

text: string

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: violin

text: viola

text: cello

text: and

text: double

text: bass

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: brass

text: woodwinds

text: and

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: grouped

text: in

text: sections

text: Other

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: piano

text: and

text: celesta

text: may

text: sometimes

text: appear

text: in

text: fifth

text: keyboard

text: section

text: or

text: may

text: stand

text: alone

text: as

text: may

text: the

text: concert

text: harp

text: and

text: for

text: performances

text: of

text: some

text: modern

text: compositions

text: electronic

text: instruments

text: Ernani is an operatic "dramma lirico" in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play "Hernani" by Victor Hugo.

text: Ernani

text: is

text: an

text: operatic

text: dramma

text: lirico

text: in

text: four

text: acts

text: by

text: Giuseppe

text: Verdi

text: to

text: an

text: Italian

text: libretto

text: by

text: Francesco

text: Maria

text: Piave

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: play

text: Hernani

text: by

text: Victor

text: Hugo

text: MILAN ("milan(e)" is French for kite) is a European anti-tank guided missile. Design of the MILAN started in 1962, it was ready for trials in 1971, and was accepted for service in 1972. It is a wire guided SACLOS (semi-automatic command to line-of-sight) missile, which means the sight of the launch unit has to be aimed at the target to guide the missile. The MILAN can be equipped with a MIRA or MILIS thermal sight to give it night-firing ability.

text: MILAN

text: milan(e

text: is

text: French

text: for

text: kite

text: is

text: European

text: anti

text: tank

text: guided

text: missile

text: Design

text: of

text: the

text: MILAN

text: started

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: ready

text: for

text: trials

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: accepted

text: for

text: service

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: wire

text: guided

text: SACLOS

text: semi

text: automatic

text: command

text: to

text: line

text: of

text: sight

text: missile

text: which

text: means

text: the

text: sight

text: of

text: the

text: launch

text: unit

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: aimed

text: at

text: the

text: target

text: to

text: guide

text: the

text: missile

text: The

text: MILAN

text: can

text: be

text: equipped

text: with

text: MIRA

text: or

text: MILIS

text: thermal

text: sight

text: to

text: give

text: it

text: night

text: firing

text: ability

text: Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre. Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and a Latin Requiem Mass. Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals, notably "The Music of the Night" from "The Phantom of the Opera", "I Don't Know How to Love Him" from "Jesus Christ Superstar", "Don't Cry for Me, Argentina" and "You Must Love Me" from "Evita", "Any Dream Will Do" from "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat" and "Memory" from "Cats". In 2001 the "New York Times" referred to him as "the most commercially successful composer in history". Ranked the "fifth most powerful person in British culture" by "The Telegraph" in 2008, the lyricist Don Black stated "Andrew more or less single-handedly reinvented the musical."

text: Andrew

text: Lloyd

text: Webber

text: Baron

text: Lloyd

text: Webber

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: composer

text: and

text: impresario

text: of

text: musical

text: theatre

text: Several

text: of

text: his

text: musicals

text: have

text: run

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: decade

text: both

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: End

text: and

text: on

text: Broadway

text: He

text: has

text: composed

text: musicals

text: song

text: cycle

text: set

text: of

text: variations

text: two

text: film

text: scores

text: and

text: Latin

text: Requiem

text: Mass.

text: Several

text: of

text: his

text: songs

text: have

text: been

text: widely

text: recorded

text: and

text: were

text: hits

text: outside

text: of

text: their

text: parent

text: musicals

text: notably

text: The

text: Music

text: of

text: the

text: Night

text: from

text: The

text: Phantom

text: of

text: the

text: Opera

text: Do

text: n't

text: Know

text: How

text: to

text: Love

text: Him

text: from

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Superstar

text: Do

text: n't

text: Cry

text: for

text: Me

text: Argentina

text: and

text: You

text: Must

text: Love

text: Me

text: from

text: Evita

text: Any

text: Dream

text: Will

text: Do

text: from

text: Joseph

text: and

text: the

text: Amazing

text: Technicolor

text: Dreamcoat

text: and

text: Memory

text: from

text: Cats

text: In

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: referred

text: to

text: him

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: commercially

text: successful

text: composer

text: in

text: history

text: Ranked

text: the

text: fifth

text: most

text: powerful

text: person

text: in

text: British

text: culture

text: by

text: The

text: Telegraph

text: in

text: the

text: lyricist

text: Don

text: Black

text: stated

text: Andrew

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: single

text: handedly

text: reinvented

text: the

text: musical

text: Though a committed royalist when he was young, Hugo's views changed as the decades passed, and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time. He is buried in the in Paris. His legacy has been honoured in many ways, including his portrait being placed on French currency.

text: Though

text: committed

text: royalist

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: young

text: Hugo

text: 's

text: views

text: changed

text: as

text: the

text: decades

text: passed

text: and

text: he

text: became

text: passionate

text: supporter

text: of

text: republicanism

text: his

text: work

text: touches

text: upon

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: social

text: issues

text: and

text: the

text: artistic

text: trends

text: of

text: his

text: time

text: He

text: is

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: in

text: Paris

text: His

text: legacy

text: has

text: been

text: honoured

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: including

text: his

text: portrait

text: being

text: placed

text: on

text: French

text: currency

text: Ballet is a type of performance dance that originated in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology. It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres. Becoming a ballet dancer requires years of training. Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.

text: Ballet

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: performance

text: dance

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: Italian

text: Renaissance

text: courts

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: later

text: developed

text: into

text: concert

text: dance

text: form

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: Russia

text: It

text: has

text: since

text: become

text: widespread

text: highly

text: technical

text: form

text: of

text: dance

text: with

text: its

text: own

text: vocabulary

text: based

text: on

text: French

text: terminology

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: globally

text: influential

text: and

text: has

text: defined

text: the

text: foundational

text: techniques

text: used

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: dance

text: genres

text: Becoming

text: ballet

text: dancer

text: requires

text: years

text: of

text: training

text: Ballet

text: has

text: been

text: taught

text: in

text: various

text: schools

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: which

text: have

text: historically

text: incorporated

text: their

text: own

text: cultures

text: to

text: evolve

text: the

text: art

text: The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) is a drama school in London, England. It is one of the oldest drama schools in the United Kingdom, founded in 1904 by Herbert Beerbohm Tree.

text: The

text: Royal

text: Academy

text: of

text: Dramatic

text: Art

text: RADA

text: is

text: drama

text: school

text: in

text: London

text: England

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: drama

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Herbert

text: Beerbohm

text: Tree

text: The masque was a form of festive courtly entertainment that flourished in 16th- and early 17th-century Europe, though it was developed earlier in Italy, in forms including the intermedio (a public version of the masque was the pageant). A masque involved music and dancing, singing and acting, within an elaborate stage design, in which the architectural framing and costumes might be designed by a renowned architect, to present a deferential allegory flattering to the patron. Professional actors and musicians were hired for the speaking and singing parts. Often the masquers, who did not speak or sing, were courtiers: the English queen Anne of Denmark frequently danced with her ladies in masques between 1603 and 1611, and Henry VIII and Charles I of England performed in the masques at their courts. In the tradition of masque, Louis XIV of France danced in ballets at Versailles with music by Jean-Baptiste Lully.

text: The

text: masque

text: was

text: form

text: of

text: festive

text: courtly

text: entertainment

text: that

text: flourished

text: in

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: Europe

text: though

text: it

text: was

text: developed

text: earlier

text: in

text: Italy

text: in

text: forms

text: including

text: the

text: intermedio

text: public

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: masque

text: was

text: the

text: pageant

text: masque

text: involved

text: music

text: and

text: dancing

text: singing

text: and

text: acting

text: within

text: an

text: elaborate

text: stage

text: design

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: architectural

text: framing

text: and

text: costumes

text: might

text: be

text: designed

text: by

text: renowned

text: architect

text: to

text: present

text: deferential

text: allegory

text: flattering

text: to

text: the

text: patron

text: Professional

text: actors

text: and

text: musicians

text: were

text: hired

text: for

text: the

text: speaking

text: and

text: singing

text: parts

text: Often

text: the

text: masquers

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: speak

text: or

text: sing

text: were

text: courtiers

text: the

text: English

text: queen

text: Anne

text: of

text: Denmark

text: frequently

text: danced

text: with

text: her

text: ladies

text: in

text: masques

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: and

text: Charles

text: of

text: England

text: performed

text: in

text: the

text: masques

text: at

text: their

text: courts

text: In

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: masque

text: Louis

text: XIV

text: of

text: France

text: danced

text: in

text: ballets

text: at

text: Versailles

text: with

text: music

text: by

text: Jean

text: Baptiste

text: Lully

text: An opera house is a theatre building used for opera performances that consists of a stage, an orchestra pit, audience seating, and backstage facilities for costumes and set building. While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers.

text: An

text: opera

text: house

text: is

text: theatre

text: building

text: used

text: for

text: opera

text: performances

text: that

text: consists

text: of

text: stage

text: an

text: orchestra

text: pit

text: audience

text: seating

text: and

text: backstage

text: facilities

text: for

text: costumes

text: and

text: set

text: building

text: While

text: some

text: venues

text: are

text: constructed

text: specifically

text: for

text: operas

text: other

text: opera

text: houses

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: larger

text: performing

text: arts

text: centers

text: A libretto is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as the Mass, requiem and sacred cantata, or the story line of a ballet.

text: libretto

text: is

text: the

text: text

text: used

text: in

text: or

text: intended

text: for

text: an

text: extended

text: musical

text: work

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: opera

text: operetta

text: masque

text: oratorio

text: cantata

text: or

text: musical

text: The

text: term

text: libretto

text: is

text: also

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: text

text: of

text: major

text: liturgical

text: works

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Mass

text: requiem

text: and

text: sacred

text: cantata

text: or

text: the

text: story

text: line

text: of

text: ballet

text: Jurisprudence is the science, study, and theory of law. It includes principles behind law that make the law. Scholars of jurisprudence, also known as jurists or legal theorists (including legal philosophers and social theorists of law), hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of law, of legal reasoning, legal systems, and of legal institutions. Modern jurisprudence began in the 18th century and was focused on the first principles of the natural law, civil law, and the law of nations. General jurisprudence can be divided into categories both by the type of question scholars seek to answer and by the theories of jurisprudence, or schools of thought, regarding how those questions are best answered. Contemporary philosophy of law, which deals with general jurisprudence, addresses problems in two rough groups:

text: Jurisprudence

text: is

text: the

text: science

text: study

text: and

text: theory

text: of

text: law

text: It

text: includes

text: principles

text: behind

text: law

text: that

text: make

text: the

text: law

text: Scholars

text: of

text: jurisprudence

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: jurists

text: or

text: legal

text: theorists

text: including

text: legal

text: philosophers

text: and

text: social

text: theorists

text: of

text: law

text: hope

text: to

text: obtain

text: deeper

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: law

text: of

text: legal

text: reasoning

text: legal

text: systems

text: and

text: of

text: legal

text: institutions

text: Modern

text: jurisprudence

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: was

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: principles

text: of

text: the

text: natural

text: law

text: civil

text: law

text: and

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: nations

text: General

text: jurisprudence

text: can

text: be

text: divided

text: into

text: categories

text: both

text: by

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: question

text: scholars

text: seek

text: to

text: answer

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: theories

text: of

text: jurisprudence

text: or

text: schools

text: of

text: thought

text: regarding

text: how

text: those

text: questions

text: are

text: best

text: answered

text: Contemporary

text: philosophy

text: of

text: law

text: which

text: deals

text: with

text: general

text: jurisprudence

text: addresses

text: problems

text: in

text: two

text: rough

text: groups

text: Recitative (also known by its Italian name "recitativo") is a style of delivery (much used in operas, oratorios, and cantatas) in which a singer is allowed to adopt the rhythms of ordinary speech. Recitative does not repeat lines as formally composed songs do. It resembles sung ordinary speech more than a formal musical composition.

text: Recitative

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Italian

text: name

text: recitativo

text: is

text: style

text: of

text: delivery

text: much

text: used

text: in

text: operas

text: oratorios

text: and

text: cantatas

text: in

text: which

text: singer

text: is

text: allowed

text: to

text: adopt

text: the

text: rhythms

text: of

text: ordinary

text: speech

text: Recitative

text: does

text: not

text: repeat

text: lines

text: as

text: formally

text: composed

text: songs

text: do

text: It

text: resembles

text: sung

text: ordinary

text: speech

text: more

text: than

text: formal

text: musical

text: composition

text: Her Majesty's Theatre is a West End theatre situated on Haymarket in the City of Westminster, London. The present building was designed by Charles J. Phipps and was constructed in 1897 for actor-manager Herbert Beerbohm Tree, who established the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art at the theatre. In the early decades of the 20th century, Tree produced spectacular productions of Shakespeare and other classical works, and the theatre hosted premieres by major playwrights such as George Bernard Shaw, J. M. Synge, Noël Coward and J. B. Priestley. Since the First World War, the wide stage has made the theatre suitable for large-scale musical productions, and the theatre has specialised in hosting musicals. The theatre has been home to record-setting musical theatre runs, notably the First World War sensation "Chu Chin Chow" and the current production, Andrew Lloyd Webber's "The Phantom of the Opera", which has played continuously at Her Majesty's since 1986.

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: Theatre

text: is

text: West

text: End

text: theatre

text: situated

text: on

text: Haymarket

text: in

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Westminster

text: London

text: The

text: present

text: building

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: Charles

text: Phipps

text: and

text: was

text: constructed

text: in

text: for

text: actor

text: manager

text: Herbert

text: Beerbohm

text: Tree

text: who

text: established

text: the

text: Royal

text: Academy

text: of

text: Dramatic

text: Art

text: at

text: the

text: theatre

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: decades

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Tree

text: produced

text: spectacular

text: productions

text: of

text: Shakespeare

text: and

text: other

text: classical

text: works

text: and

text: the

text: theatre

text: hosted

text: premieres

text: by

text: major

text: playwrights

text: such

text: as

text: George

text: Bernard

text: Shaw

text: Synge

text: Noël

text: Coward

text: and

text: Priestley

text: Since

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: wide

text: stage

text: has

text: made

text: the

text: theatre

text: suitable

text: for

text: large

text: scale

text: musical

text: productions

text: and

text: the

text: theatre

text: has

text: specialised

text: in

text: hosting

text: musicals

text: The

text: theatre

text: has

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: record

text: setting

text: musical

text: theatre

text: runs

text: notably

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: sensation

text: Chu

text: Chin

text: Chow

text: and

text: the

text: current

text: production

text: Andrew

text: Lloyd

text: Webber

text: 's

text: The

text: Phantom

text: of

text: the

text: Opera

text: which

text: has

text: played

text: continuously

text: at

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: since

text: Francesco Maria Piave (18 May 1810  5 March 1876) was an Italian opera librettist who was born in Murano in the lagoon of Venice, during the brief Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy.

text: Francesco

text: Maria

text: Piave

text: May

text: March

text: was

text: an

text: Italian

text: opera

text: librettist

text: who

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Murano

text: in

text: the

text: lagoon

text: of

text: Venice

text: during

text: the

text: brief

text: Napoleonic

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Italy

text: Opera (English plural: "operas"; Italian plural: "opere" ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. In traditional opera, singers do two types of singing: recitative, a speech-inflected style and arias, a more melodic style. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor.

text: Opera

text: English

text: plural

text: operas

text: Italian

text: plural

text: opere

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: form

text: in

text: which

text: singers

text: and

text: musicians

text: perform

text: dramatic

text: work

text: combining

text: text

text: libretto

text: and

text: musical

text: score

text: usually

text: in

text: theatrical

text: setting

text: In

text: traditional

text: opera

text: singers

text: do

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: singing

text: recitative

text: speech

text: inflected

text: style

text: and

text: arias

text: more

text: melodic

text: style

text: Opera

text: incorporates

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: of

text: spoken

text: theatre

text: such

text: as

text: acting

text: scenery

text: and

text: costumes

text: and

text: sometimes

text: includes

text: dance

text: The

text: performance

text: is

text: typically

text: given

text: in

text: an

text: opera

text: house

text: accompanied

text: by

text: an

text: orchestra

text: or

text: smaller

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: which

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: has

text: been

text: led

text: by

text: conductor

text: An oratorio is a large musical composition for orchestra, choir, and soloists. Like an opera, an oratorio includes the use of a choir, soloists, an ensemble, various distinguishable characters, and arias. However, opera is musical theatre, while oratorio is strictly a concert piecethough oratorios are sometimes staged as operas, and operas are sometimes presented in concert form. In an oratorio there is generally little or no interaction between the characters, and no props or elaborate costumes. A particularly important difference is in the typical subject matter of the text. Opera tends to deal with history and mythology, including age-old devices of romance, deception, and murder, whereas the plot of an oratorio often deals with sacred topics, making it appropriate for performance in the church. Protestant composers took their stories from the Bible, while Catholic composers looked to the lives of saints, as well as to Biblical topics. Oratorios became extremely popular in early 17th-century Italy partly because of the success of opera and the Catholic Church's prohibition of spectacles during Lent. Oratorios became the main choice of music during that period for opera audiences.

text: An

text: oratorio

text: is

text: large

text: musical

text: composition

text: for

text: orchestra

text: choir

text: and

text: soloists

text: Like

text: an

text: opera

text: an

text: oratorio

text: includes

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: choir

text: soloists

text: an

text: ensemble

text: various

text: distinguishable

text: characters

text: and

text: arias

text: However

text: opera

text: is

text: musical

text: theatre

text: while

text: oratorio

text: is

text: strictly

text: concert

text: piecethough

text: oratorios

text: are

text: sometimes

text: staged

text: as

text: operas

text: and

text: operas

text: are

text: sometimes

text: presented

text: in

text: concert

text: form

text: In

text: an

text: oratorio

text: there

text: is

text: generally

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: interaction

text: between

text: the

text: characters

text: and

text: no

text: props

text: or

text: elaborate

text: costumes

text: particularly

text: important

text: difference

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: typical

text: subject

text: matter

text: of

text: the

text: text

text: Opera

text: tends

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: history

text: and

text: mythology

text: including

text: age

text: old

text: devices

text: of

text: romance

text: deception

text: and

text: murder

text: whereas

text: the

text: plot

text: of

text: an

text: oratorio

text: often

text: deals

text: with

text: sacred

text: topics

text: making

text: it

text: appropriate

text: for

text: performance

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: Protestant

text: composers

text: took

text: their

text: stories

text: from

text: the

text: Bible

text: while

text: Catholic

text: composers

text: looked

text: to

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: saints

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: to

text: Biblical

text: topics

text: Oratorios

text: became

text: extremely

text: popular

text: in

text: early

text: century

text: Italy

text: partly

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: opera

text: and

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: 's

text: prohibition

text: of

text: spectacles

text: during

text: Lent

text: Oratorios

text: became

text: the

text: main

text: choice

text: of

text: music

text: during

text: that

text: period

text: for

text: opera

text: audiences

text: Benjamin Lumley, opera manager and solicitor, was born Benjamin Levy, in 1811, the son of a Jewish merchant Louis Levy, and died 17 March 1875 in London.

text: Benjamin

text: Lumley

text: opera

text: manager

text: and

text: solicitor

text: was

text: born

text: Benjamin

text: Levy

text: in

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Jewish

text: merchant

text: Louis

text: Levy

text: and

text: died

text: March

text: in

text: London

text: Costume is the distinctive style of dress of an individual or group that reflects their class, gender, profession, ethnicity, nationality, activity or epoch.

text: Costume

text: is

text: the

text: distinctive

text: style

text: of

text: dress

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: or

text: group

text: that

text: reflects

text: their

text: class

text: gender

text: profession

text: ethnicity

text: nationality

text: activity

text: or

text: epoch

text: Acting is an activity in which a story is told by means of its enactment by an actor or actress who adopts a characterin theatre, television, film, radio, or any other medium that makes use of the mimetic mode.

text: Acting

text: is

text: an

text: activity

text: in

text: which

text: story

text: is

text: told

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: its

text: enactment

text: by

text: an

text: actor

text: or

text: actress

text: who

text: adopts

text: characterin

text: theatre

text: television

text: film

text: radio

text: or

text: any

text: other

text: medium

text: that

text: makes

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: mimetic

text: mode

text: A musician (or instrumentalist) is a person who plays a musical instrument or is musically talented. Anyone who composes, conducts, or performs music may also be referred to as a musician.

text: musician

text: or

text: instrumentalist

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: plays

text: musical

text: instrument

text: or

text: is

text: musically

text: talented

text: Anyone

text: who

text: composes

text: conducts

text: or

text: performs

text: music

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: musician

text:
Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" (Classical Greek: , "drama"), which is derived from "to do" (Classical Greek: , "drao").
The two masks associated with drama represent the traditional generic division between comedy and tragedy. They are symbols of the ancient Greek Muses, Thalia, and Melpomene. Thalia was the Muse of comedy (the laughing face), while Melpomene was the Muse of tragedy (the weeping face). Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has been contrasted with the epic and the lyrical modes ever since Aristotle's "Poetics" (c. 335 BCE)the earliest work of dramatic theory.

text: Drama

text: is

text: the

text: specific

text: mode

text: of

text: fiction

text: represented

text: in

text: performance

text: The

text: term

text: comes

text: from

text: Greek

text: word

text: meaning

text: action

text: Classical

text: Greek

text: drama

text: which

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: to

text: do

text: Classical

text: Greek

text: drao

text: The

text: two

text: masks

text: associated

text: with

text: drama

text: represent

text: the

text: traditional

text: generic

text: division

text: between

text: comedy

text: and

text: tragedy

text: They

text: are

text: symbols

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: Muses

text: Thalia

text: and

text: Melpomene

text: Thalia

text: was

text: the

text: Muse

text: of

text: comedy

text: the

text: laughing

text: face

text: while

text: Melpomene

text: was

text: the

text: Muse

text: of

text: tragedy

text: the

text: weeping

text: face

text: Considered

text: as

text: genre

text: of

text: poetry

text: in

text: general

text: the

text: dramatic

text: mode

text: has

text: been

text: contrasted

text: with

text: the

text: epic

text: and

text: the

text: lyrical

text: modes

text: ever

text: since

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: Poetics

text: BCE)the

text: earliest

text: work

text: of

text: dramatic

text: theory

text: Verona (Venetian: "Verona", "Veròna") is a city on the Adige river in Veneto, northern Italy, with approximately 265,000 inhabitants and one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the second largest city municipality in the region and the third largest in northeast Italy. The metropolitan area of Verona covers an area of and has a population of 714,274 inhabitants. It is one of the main tourist destinations in northern Italy, owing to its artistic heritage, several annual fairs, shows, and operas, such as the lyrical season in the Arena, the ancient amphitheatre built by the Romans.

text: Verona

text: Venetian

text: Verona

text: Veròna

text: is

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Adige

text: river

text: in

text: Veneto

text: northern

text: Italy

text: with

text: approximately

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: provincial

text: capitals

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: municipality

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: in

text: northeast

text: Italy

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: Verona

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: tourist

text: destinations

text: in

text: northern

text: Italy

text: owing

text: to

text: its

text: artistic

text: heritage

text: several

text: annual

text: fairs

text: shows

text: and

text: operas

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: lyrical

text: season

text: in

text: the

text: Arena

text: the

text: ancient

text: amphitheatre

text: built

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: Chu Chin Chow is a musical comedy written, produced and directed by Oscar Asche, with music by Frederic Norton, based (with minor embellishments) on the story of "Ali Baba and the 40 Thieves". The piece premièred at His Majesty's Theatre in London on 3 August 1916 and ran for five years and a total of 2,238 performances (more than twice as many as any previous musical), an astonishing record that stood for nearly forty years until "Salad Days". The show's first American production in New York, with additional lyrics by Arthur Anderson, played for 208 performances in 19171918, starring Tyrone Power. It subsequently had successful seasons elsewhere in America and Australia, including in 1919, 1920, 1921 and 1922.

text: Chu

text: Chin

text: Chow

text: is

text: musical

text: comedy

text: written

text: produced

text: and

text: directed

text: by

text: Oscar

text: Asche

text: with

text: music

text: by

text: Frederic

text: Norton

text: based

text: with

text: minor

text: embellishments

text: on

text: the

text: story

text: of

text: Ali

text: Baba

text: and

text: the

text: Thieves

text: The

text: piece

text: premièred

text: at

text: His

text: Majesty

text: 's

text: Theatre

text: in

text: London

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: ran

text: for

text: five

text: years

text: and

text: total

text: of

text: performances

text: more

text: than

text: twice

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: any

text: previous

text: musical

text: an

text: astonishing

text: record

text: that

text: stood

text: for

text: nearly

text: forty

text: years

text: until

text: Salad

text: Days

text: The

text: show

text: 's

text: first

text: American

text: production

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: with

text: additional

text: lyrics

text: by

text: Arthur

text: Anderson

text: played

text: for

text: performances

text: in

text: starring

text: Tyrone

text: Power

text: It

text: subsequently

text: had

text: successful

text: seasons

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: America

text: and

text: Australia

text: including

text: in

text: and

text: Sir Noël Peirce Coward (16 December 189926 March 1973) was an English playwright, composer, director, actor and singer, known for his wit, flamboyance, and what "Time" magazine called "a sense of personal style, a combination of cheek and chic, pose and poise".

text: Sir

text: Noël

text: Peirce

text: Coward

text: December

text: March

text: was

text: an

text: English

text: playwright

text: composer

text: director

text: actor

text: and

text: singer

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: wit

text: flamboyance

text: and

text: what

text: Time

text: magazine

text: called

text: sense

text: of

text: personal

text: style

text: combination

text: of

text: cheek

text: and

text: chic

text: pose

text: and

text: poise

text: In Italy, the Iaurea is the main post-secondary academic degree. The name originally referred literally to the laurel wreath, since ancient times a sign of honor and now often worn by Italian students right after their official graduation ceremony and sometimes during the graduation party. A graduate is known as a "laureato", literally "crowned with laurel."

text: In

text: Italy

text: the

text: Iaurea

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: post

text: secondary

text: academic

text: degree

text: The

text: name

text: originally

text: referred

text: literally

text: to

text: the

text: laurel

text: wreath

text: since

text: ancient

text: times

text: sign

text: of

text: honor

text: and

text: now

text: often

text: worn

text: by

text: Italian

text: students

text: right

text: after

text: their

text: official

text: graduation

text: ceremony

text: and

text: sometimes

text: during

text: the

text: graduation

text: party

text: graduate

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: laureato

text: literally

text: crowned

text: with

text: laurel

text: Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (9 or 10 October 1813  27 January 1901) was an Italian opera composer.

text: Giuseppe

text: Fortunino

text: Francesco

text: Verdi

text: or

text: October

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: Italian

text: opera

text: composer

text: An aria (plural: "arie" , or "arias" in common usage, diminutive form arietta or ariette) in music was originally any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer. The term became used almost exclusively to describe a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work. The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, sharing features of the operatic arias of their periods.

text: An

text: aria

text: plural

text: arie

text: or

text: arias

text: in

text: common

text: usage

text: diminutive

text: form

text: arietta

text: or

text: ariette

text: in

text: music

text: was

text: originally

text: any

text: expressive

text: melody

text: usually

text: but

text: not

text: always

text: performed

text: by

text: singer

text: The

text: term

text: became

text: used

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: to

text: describe

text: self

text: contained

text: piece

text: for

text: one

text: voice

text: with

text: or

text: without

text: orchestral

text: accompaniment

text: normally

text: part

text: of

text: larger

text: work

text: The

text: typical

text: context

text: for

text: arias

text: is

text: opera

text: but

text: vocal

text: arias

text: also

text: feature

text: in

text: oratorios

text: and

text: cantatas

text: sharing

text: features

text: of

text: the

text: operatic

text: arias

text: of

text: their

text: periods

text: Dance is a performance art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement. This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture. Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.

text: Dance

text: is

text: performance

text: art

text: form

text: consisting

text: of

text: purposefully

text: selected

text: sequences

text: of

text: human

text: movement

text: This

text: movement

text: has

text: aesthetic

text: and

text: symbolic

text: value

text: and

text: is

text: acknowledged

text: as

text: dance

text: by

text: performers

text: and

text: observers

text: within

text: particular

text: culture

text: Dance

text: can

text: be

text: categorized

text: and

text: described

text: by

text: its

text: choreography

text: by

text: its

text: repertoire

text: of

text: movements

text: or

text: by

text: its

text: historical

text: period

text: or

text: place

text: of

text: origin

text: Operetta is a genre of light opera, "light" in terms both of music and subject matter.

text: Operetta

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: light

text: opera

text: light

text: in

text: terms

text: both

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: subject

text: matter

text: Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, and dance. Elements of art, such as painted scenery and stagecraft such as lighting are used to enhance the physicality, presence and immediacy of the experience. The specific place of the performance is also named by the word "theatre" as derived from the Ancient Greek  (théatron, "a place for viewing"), itself from  (theáomai, "to see", "to watch", "to observe").

text: Theatre

text: or

text: theater

text: is

text: collaborative

text: form

text: of

text: fine

text: art

text: that

text: uses

text: live

text: performers

text: typically

text: actors

text: or

text: actresses

text: to

text: present

text: the

text: experience

text: of

text: real

text: or

text: imagined

text: event

text: before

text: live

text: audience

text: in

text: specific

text: place

text: often

text: stage

text: The

text: performers

text: may

text: communicate

text: this

text: experience

text: to

text: the

text: audience

text: through

text: combinations

text: of

text: gesture

text: speech

text: song

text: music

text: and

text: dance

text: Elements

text: of

text: art

text: such

text: as

text: painted

text: scenery

text: and

text: stagecraft

text: such

text: as

text: lighting

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: enhance

text: the

text: physicality

text: presence

text: and

text: immediacy

text: of

text: the

text: experience

text: The

text: specific

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: performance

text: is

text: also

text: named

text: by

text: the

text: word

text: theatre

text: as

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: théatron

text: place

text: for

text: viewing

text: itself

text: from

text: theáomai

text: to

text: see

text: to

text: watch

text: to

text: observe

text: Andrea Maffei (1798  1885) was an Italian poet, translator and librettist. He was born in Molina di Ledro, Trentino. A follower of Vincenzo Monti, he formed part of the 19th-century Italian classicist literary culture. Gaining laurea in jurisprudence, he moved for some years to Verona, then to Venice and finally to Milan, where in 1831 he married contessa Clara Spinelli. They separated by mutual consent on 15 June 1846.

text: Andrea

text: Maffei

text: was

text: an

text: Italian

text: poet

text: translator

text: and

text: librettist

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Molina

text: di

text: Ledro

text: Trentino

text: follower

text: of

text: Vincenzo

text: Monti

text: he

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Italian

text: classicist

text: literary

text: culture

text: Gaining

text: laurea

text: in

text: jurisprudence

text: he

text: moved

text: for

text: some

text: years

text: to

text: Verona

text: then

text: to

text: Venice

text: and

text: finally

text: to

text: Milan

text: where

text: in

text: he

text: married

text: contessa

text: Clara

text: Spinelli

text: They

text: separated

text: by

text: mutual

text: consent

text: on

text: June

text: Vincenzo Monti (February 19, 1754  October 13, 1828) was an Italian poet, playwright, translator, and scholar.

text: Vincenzo

text: Monti

text: February

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: Italian

text: poet

text: playwright

text: translator

text: and

text: scholar

text: A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead (Latin: "Missa pro defunctis") or Mass of the dead (Latin: "Missa defunctorum"), is a Mass in the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, using a particular form of the Roman Missal. It is frequently, but not necessarily, celebrated in the context of a funeral.

text: Requiem

text: or

text: Requiem

text: Mass

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Mass

text: for

text: the

text: dead

text: Latin

text: Missa

text: pro

text: defunctis

text: or

text: Mass

text: of

text: the

text: dead

text: Latin

text: Missa

text: defunctorum

text: is

text: Mass

text: in

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: offered

text: for

text: the

text: repose

text: of

text: the

text: soul

text: or

text: souls

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: deceased

text: persons

text: using

text: particular

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Missal

text: It

text: is

text: frequently

text: but

text: not

text: necessarily

text: celebrated

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: funeral

text: George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856  2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, and polemicist whose influence on Western theatre, culture, and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as "Man and Superman" (1903), "Pygmalion" (1913), and "Saint Joan" (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

text: George

text: Bernard

text: Shaw

text: July

text: November

text: known

text: at

text: his

text: insistence

text: simply

text: as

text: Bernard

text: Shaw

text: was

text: an

text: Irish

text: playwright

text: critic

text: and

text: polemicist

text: whose

text: influence

text: on

text: Western

text: theatre

text: culture

text: and

text: politics

text: extended

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: and

text: beyond

text: He

text: wrote

text: more

text: than

text: sixty

text: plays

text: including

text: major

text: works

text: such

text: as

text: Man

text: and

text: Superman

text: Pygmalion

text: and

text: Saint

text: Joan

text: With

text: range

text: incorporating

text: both

text: contemporary

text: satire

text: and

text: historical

text: allegory

text: Shaw

text: became

text: the

text: leading

text: dramatist

text: of

text: his

text: generation

text: and

text: in

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Literature

annotations: follows single

question: genre i masnadieri

answer: drama

text: drama

text: drama

text: drama

text: drama

text: drama