text: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.

text: Spain

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Spain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: largely

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Europe

text: with

text: two

text: large

text: archipelagos

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: off

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: two

text: cities

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: mainland

text: and

text: several

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Alboran

text: Sea

text: near

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: coast

text: Its

text: mainland

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: except

text: for

text: small

text: land

text: boundary

text: with

text: Gibraltar

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: by

text: France

text: Andorra

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: by

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: European

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: border

text: with

text: an

text: African

text: country

text: Morocco

text: and

text: its

text: African

text: territory

text: accounts

text: for

text: nearly

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: The Americas, also collectively called America, encompass the totality of the continents of North America and South America. Together they make up most of Earth's western hemisphere and comprise the "New World".

text: The

text: Americas

text: also

text: collectively

text: called

text: America

text: encompass

text: the

text: totality

text: of

text: the

text: continents

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: Together

text: they

text: make

text: up

text: most

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: western

text: hemisphere

text: and

text: comprise

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: Pope Paul VI, born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini (26 September 1897  6 August 1978), reigned as Pope from 21 June 1963 to his death in 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, he continued the Second Vatican Council which he closed in 1965, implementing its numerous reforms, and fostered improved ecumenical relations with Eastern Orthodox and Protestants, which resulted in many historic meetings and agreements. Montini served in the Vatican's Secretariat of State from 1922 to 1954. While in the Secretariat of State, Montini and Domenico Tardini were considered as the closest and most influential colleagues of Pope Pius XII, who in 1954 named him Archbishop of Milan, the largest Italian diocese. Montini later became the Secretary of the Italian Bishops Conference. John XXIII elevated him to the College of Cardinals in 1958, and after the death of John XXIII, Montini was considered one of his most likely successors.

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: born

text: Giovanni

text: Battista

text: Enrico

text: Antonio

text: Maria

text: Montini

text: September

text: August

text: reigned

text: as

text: Pope

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: Succeeding

text: Pope

text: John

text: XXIII

text: he

text: continued

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: which

text: he

text: closed

text: in

text: implementing

text: its

text: numerous

text: reforms

text: and

text: fostered

text: improved

text: ecumenical

text: relations

text: with

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: and

text: Protestants

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: many

text: historic

text: meetings

text: and

text: agreements

text: Montini

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: Vatican

text: 's

text: Secretariat

text: of

text: State

text: from

text: to

text: While

text: in

text: the

text: Secretariat

text: of

text: State

text: Montini

text: and

text: Domenico

text: Tardini

text: were

text: considered

text: as

text: the

text: closest

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: colleagues

text: of

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XII

text: who

text: in

text: named

text: him

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Milan

text: the

text: largest

text: Italian

text: diocese

text: Montini

text: later

text: became

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: Bishops

text: Conference

text: John

text: XXIII

text: elevated

text: him

text: to

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: in

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: John

text: XXIII

text: Montini

text: was

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: likely

text: successors

text:
The College of Cardinals, formerly styled Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church.
Functions.
A function of the college is to advise the pope about church matters when he summons them to an ordinary consistory, a term derived from the Roman Emperor's crown council. It also attends various functions as a matter of protocol, for example, during the canonization process.
It also convenes on the death or resignation of a pope as a papal conclave to elect a successor, but is then restricted to eligible Cardinals under the age limit, which was set for the first time in 1970 by Pope Paul VI at 80.

text: The

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: formerly

text: styled

text: Sacred

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: is

text: the

text: body

text: of

text: all

text: cardinals

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: Functions

text: function

text: of

text: the

text: college

text: is

text: to

text: advise

text: the

text: pope

text: about

text: church

text: matters

text: when

text: he

text: summons

text: them

text: to

text: an

text: ordinary

text: consistory

text: term

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Roman

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: crown

text: council

text: It

text: also

text: attends

text: various

text: functions

text: as

text: matter

text: of

text: protocol

text: for

text: example

text: during

text: the

text: canonization

text: process

text: It

text: also

text: convenes

text: on

text: the

text: death

text: or

text: resignation

text: of

text: pope

text: as

text: papal

text: conclave

text: to

text: elect

text: successor

text: but

text: is

text: then

text: restricted

text: to

text: eligible

text: Cardinals

text: under

text: the

text: age

text: limit

text: which

text: was

text: set

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: by

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: at

text: John Macías , O.P. ( Spanish San Juan Macias alt. sp Massias ) ( 2 March 1585 Ribera del Fresno , Extremadura , Spain -- September 16 , 1645 , Lima , Viceroyalty of Peru ) , was a Spanish - born Dominican laybrother who evangelized in Peru in 1620 . He was canonized in 1975 by Pope Paul VI . His main image is located at the main altar of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary of Lima and is venerated by the local laity in Peru . A church was built in his honor in 1970 in San Luis , Lima , Peru .

text: John

text: Macías

text: O.P.

text: Spanish

text: San

text: Juan

text: Macias

text: alt

text: sp

text: Massias

text: March

text: Ribera

text: del

text: Fresno

text: Extremadura

text: Spain

text: September

text: Lima

text: Viceroyalty

text: of

text: Peru

text: was

text: Spanish

text: born

text: Dominican

text: laybrother

text: who

text: evangelized

text: in

text: Peru

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: canonized

text: in

text: by

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: His

text: main

text: image

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: main

text: altar

text: of

text: the

text: Basilica

text: of

text: Our

text: Lady

text: of

text: the

text: Rosary

text: of

text: Lima

text: and

text: is

text: venerated

text: by

text: the

text: local

text: laity

text: in

text: Peru

text: church

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: his

text: honor

text: in

text: in

text: San

text: Luis

text: Lima

text: Peru

text: Pope Pius XI, born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (31 May 1857  10 February 1939), reigned as Pope from 6 February 1922 to his death in 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929. He took as his papal motto, "Pax Christi in Regno Christi," translated "The Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ."

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XI

text: born

text: Ambrogio

text: Damiano

text: Achille

text: Ratti

text: May

text: February

text: reigned

text: as

text: Pope

text: from

text: February

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: sovereign

text: of

text: Vatican

text: City

text: from

text: its

text: creation

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: on

text: February

text: He

text: took

text: as

text: his

text: papal

text: motto

text: Pax

text: Christi

text: in

text: Regno

text: Christi

text: translated

text: The

text: Peace

text: of

text: Christ

text: in

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Christ

text: The Lima Metropolitan Area (also known as "Lima Metropolitana"), is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian cities of Lima (the nation's capital) and Callao. It is the largest of the metropolitan areas of Peru, the seventh largest in the Americas, the fourth largest in Latin America, and among the thirty largest in the world. The conurbation process started to be evident in the 1980s. The metropolitan area is composed of six subregions. These are the Lima Norte, Lima Sur, Lima Este, Residential Lima, Central Lima, and Callao. Its estimated 2015 population is 9,752,000 according to INEI statistics.

text: The

text: Lima

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Lima

text: Metropolitana

text: is

text: an

text: area

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: conurbation

text: of

text: the

text: Peruvian

text: cities

text: of

text: Lima

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: Callao

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: of

text: Peru

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: among

text: the

text: thirty

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: conurbation

text: process

text: started

text: to

text: be

text: evident

text: in

text: the

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: six

text: subregions

text: These

text: are

text: the

text: Lima

text: Norte

text: Lima

text: Sur

text: Lima

text: Este

text: Residential

text: Lima

text: Central

text: Lima

text: and

text: Callao

text: Its

text: estimated

text: population

text: is

text: according

text: to

text: INEI

text: statistics

text: The Viceroyalty of Peru was a Spanish colonial administrative district, created in 1542, that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled South America, governed from the capital of Lima. The Viceroyalty of Peru was one of the two Spanish Viceroyalties in the Americas from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries.

text: The

text: Viceroyalty

text: of

text: Peru

text: was

text: Spanish

text: colonial

text: administrative

text: district

text: created

text: in

text: that

text: originally

text: contained

text: most

text: of

text: Spanish

text: ruled

text: South

text: America

text: governed

text: from

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Lima

text: The

text: Viceroyalty

text: of

text: Peru

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: Spanish

text: Viceroyalties

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: from

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: to

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: centuries

text: Lima (Spanish: , Quechua: , Aymara: ) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population of almost 10 million, Lima is the most populous metropolitan area of Peru and the second-largest city in the Americas (as defined by "city proper"), behind São Paulo and before Mexico City.

text: Lima

text: Spanish

text: Quechua

text: Aymara

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Peru

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: valleys

text: of

text: the

text: Chillón

text: Rímac

text: and

text: Lurín

text: rivers

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: coastal

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: overlooking

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: seaport

text: of

text: Callao

text: it

text: forms

text: contiguous

text: urban

text: area

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Lima

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: almost

text: million

text: Lima

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: Peru

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: as

text: defined

text: by

text: city

text: proper

text: behind

text: São

text: Paulo

text: and

text: before

text: Mexico

text: City

text: Pope Saint John XXIII (born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, ; 25 November 18813 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.

text: Pope

text: Saint

text: John

text: XXIII

text: born

text: Angelo

text: Giuseppe

text: Roncalli

text: November

text: June

text: reigned

text: as

text: Pope

text: from

text: October

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: canonized

text: on

text: April

text: Angelo

text: Giuseppe

text: Roncalli

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: of

text: fourteen

text: children

text: born

text: to

text: family

text: of

text: sharecroppers

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: village

text: in

text: Lombardy

text: He

text: was

text: ordained

text: to

text: the

text: priesthood

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: served

text: in

text: number

text: of

text: posts

text: including

text: papal

text: nuncio

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: delegate

text: to

text: Bulgaria

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: In

text: consistory

text: on

text: January

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XII

text: made

text: Roncalli

text: cardinal

text: as

text: the

text: Cardinal

text: Priest

text: of

text: Santa

text: Prisca

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: naming

text: him

text: as

text: the

text: Patriarch

text: of

text: Venice

text: The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council (more commonly known as the Second Vatican Council, or informally as Vatican II) addressed relations between the Catholic Church and the modern world. It was the twenty-first and most recent ecumenical council of the Catholic Church and the second to be held at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. The council, through the Holy See, formally opened under the pontificate of Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception on 8 December 1965.

text: The

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Ecumenical

text: Council

text: more

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: or

text: informally

text: as

text: Vatican

text: II

text: addressed

text: relations

text: between

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: world

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: twenty

text: first

text: and

text: most

text: recent

text: ecumenical

text: council

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: to

text: be

text: held

text: at

text: St.

text: Peter

text: 's

text: Basilica

text: in

text: the

text: Vatican

text: The

text: council

text: through

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: formally

text: opened

text: under

text: the

text: pontificate

text: of

text: Pope

text: John

text: XXIII

text: on

text: October

text: and

text: closed

text: under

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: on

text: the

text: Feast

text: of

text: the

text: Immaculate

text: Conception

text: on

text: December

text: Mexico City, officially City of Mexico (, ; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital and most populous city of the United Mexican States. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico ("Valle de México"), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of . The city consists of sixteen municipalities (previously called boroughs).

text: Mexico

text: City

text: officially

text: City

text: of

text: Mexico

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: CDMX

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Mexican

text: States

text: As

text: an

text: alpha

text: global

text: city

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: financial

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Valley

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Valle

text: de

text: México

text: large

text: valley

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: plateaus

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Mexico

text: at

text: an

text: altitude

text: of

text: The

text: city

text: consists

text: of

text: sixteen

text: municipalities

text: previously

text: called

text: boroughs

text: Extremadura  is an autonomous community of western Spain whose capital city is Mérida. Its component provinces are Cáceres and Badajoz. It is bordered by Portugal to the west. To the north it borders Castile and León (provinces of Salamanca and Ávila); to the south, it borders Andalusia (provinces of Huelva, Seville, and Córdoba); and to the east, it borders CastileLa Mancha (provinces of Toledo and Ciudad Real). Its official language is Spanish.

text: Extremadura

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: community

text: of

text: western

text: Spain

text: whose

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Mérida

text: Its

text: component

text: provinces

text: are

text: Cáceres

text: and

text: Badajoz

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Portugal

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: it

text: borders

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: provinces

text: of

text: Salamanca

text: and

text: Ávila

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: it

text: borders

text: Andalusia

text: provinces

text: of

text: Huelva

text: Seville

text: and

text: Córdoba

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: it

text: borders

text: CastileLa

text: Mancha

text: provinces

text: of

text: Toledo

text: and

text: Ciudad

text: Real

text: Its

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Spanish

text: MILAN ("milan(e)" is French for kite) is a European anti-tank guided missile. Design of the MILAN started in 1962, it was ready for trials in 1971, and was accepted for service in 1972. It is a wire guided SACLOS (semi-automatic command to line-of-sight) missile, which means the sight of the launch unit has to be aimed at the target to guide the missile. The MILAN can be equipped with a MIRA or MILIS thermal sight to give it night-firing ability.

text: MILAN

text: milan(e

text: is

text: French

text: for

text: kite

text: is

text: European

text: anti

text: tank

text: guided

text: missile

text: Design

text: of

text: the

text: MILAN

text: started

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: ready

text: for

text: trials

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: accepted

text: for

text: service

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: wire

text: guided

text: SACLOS

text: semi

text: automatic

text: command

text: to

text: line

text: of

text: sight

text: missile

text: which

text: means

text: the

text: sight

text: of

text: the

text: launch

text: unit

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: aimed

text: at

text: the

text: target

text: to

text: guide

text: the

text: missile

text: The

text: MILAN

text: can

text: be

text: equipped

text: with

text: MIRA

text: or

text: MILIS

text: thermal

text: sight

text: to

text: give

text: it

text: night

text: firing

text: ability

text: El Callao (or ) is the chief seaport of Peru. The city is also called Provincia Constitucional (Constitutional Province), the only province of the Callao Region. The Historic Centre of Callao is located west of Historic Centre of Lima, the country's capital, and is part of the Lima Metropolitan Area. Callao borders Lima Province on the north, east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

text: El

text: Callao

text: or

text: is

text: the

text: chief

text: seaport

text: of

text: Peru

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Provincia

text: Constitucional

text: Constitutional

text: Province

text: the

text: only

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: Callao

text: Region

text: The

text: Historic

text: Centre

text: of

text: Callao

text: is

text: located

text: west

text: of

text: Historic

text: Centre

text: of

text: Lima

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Lima

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: Callao

text: borders

text: Lima

text: Province

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: São Paulo ("Saint Paul" in English) is a municipality located in the southeast region of Brazil. The metropolis is an alpha global cityas listed by the GaWCand is the most populous city in Brazil, the Americas, and in the Southern Hemisphere. The municipality is also Earth's 12th largest city proper by population. The city is the capital of the homonymous state of São Paulo, Brazil's most populous and wealthiest state. It exerts strong international influence in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment. The name of the city honors Saint Paul of Tarsus. The city's metropolitan area of Greater São Paulo ranks as the most populous in Brazil, the 11th most populous on Earth, and largest Portuguese-speaking city in the world.

text: São

text: Paulo

text: Saint

text: Paul

text: in

text: English

text: is

text: municipality

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: region

text: of

text: Brazil

text: The

text: metropolis

text: is

text: an

text: alpha

text: global

text: cityas

text: listed

text: by

text: the

text: GaWCand

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Brazil

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: The

text: municipality

text: is

text: also

text: Earth

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: proper

text: by

text: population

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: homonymous

text: state

text: of

text: São

text: Paulo

text: Brazil

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: and

text: wealthiest

text: state

text: It

text: exerts

text: strong

text: international

text: influence

text: in

text: commerce

text: finance

text: arts

text: and

text: entertainment

text: The

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: honors

text: Saint

text: Paul

text: of

text: Tarsus

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: Greater

text: São

text: Paulo

text: ranks

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: in

text: Brazil

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: on

text: Earth

text: and

text: largest

text: Portuguese

text: speaking

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Domenico Tardini (29 February 1888  30 July 1961) was a longtime aide to Pope Pius XII in the Secretariat of State. Pope John XXIII named him Cardinal Secretary of State and, in this position the most prominent member of the Roman Curia in Vatican City.

text: Domenico

text: Tardini

text: February

text: July

text: was

text: longtime

text: aide

text: to

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XII

text: in

text: the

text: Secretariat

text: of

text: State

text: Pope

text: John

text: XXIII

text: named

text: him

text: Cardinal

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: and

text: in

text: this

text: position

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: in

text: Vatican

text: City

text: Peru , officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.

text: Peru

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Peru

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: western

text: South

text: America

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Ecuador

text: and

text: Colombia

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Brazil

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: by

text: Bolivia

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: Chile

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: Peru

text: is

text: an

text: extremely

text: biodiverse

text: country

text: with

text: habitats

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: arid

text: plains

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: coastal

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: the

text: peaks

text: of

text: the

text: Andes

text: mountains

text: vertically

text: extending

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: the

text: tropical

text: Amazon

text: Basin

text: rainforest

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: with

text: the

text: Amazon

text: river

text: The Lima Metro, is a metropolitan railway operated by Argentine company Ferrovías and Peruvian company Graña y Montero, currently linking the district of Villa El Salvador in the south of Lima with San Juan de Lurigancho in the east of the capital of Peru.

text: The

text: Lima

text: Metro

text: is

text: metropolitan

text: railway

text: operated

text: by

text: Argentine

text: company

text: Ferrovías

text: and

text: Peruvian

text: company

text: Graña

text: Montero

text: currently

text: linking

text: the

text: district

text: of

text: Villa

text: El

text: Salvador

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: Lima

text: with

text: San

text: Juan

text: de

text: Lurigancho

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Peru

text: Castile and León (Leonese: "Castiella y Llión" ) is an autonomous community in north-western Spain. It was constituted in 1983, although it existed for the first time during the First Spanish Republic in the 19th century. León first appeared as a Kingdom in 910, whilst the Kingdom of Castile gained an independent identity in 1065 and was intermittently held in personal union with León before merging with it permanently in 1230. It is the largest autonomous community in Spain and the third largest region of the European Union, covering an area of with an official population of around 2.5 million (2011).

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: Leonese

text: Castiella

text: Llión

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: community

text: in

text: north

text: western

text: Spain

text: It

text: was

text: constituted

text: in

text: although

text: it

text: existed

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: during

text: the

text: First

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: León

text: first

text: appeared

text: as

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: whilst

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Castile

text: gained

text: an

text: independent

text: identity

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: intermittently

text: held

text: in

text: personal

text: union

text: with

text: León

text: before

text: merging

text: with

text: it

text: permanently

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: autonomous

text: community

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: covering

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: an

text: official

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: Andalusia is a Spanish region established as an autonomous community. It is the most populated and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities in the country. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as "historical nationality". The territory is divided into eight provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville. Its capital is the city of Seville (Spanish: "Sevilla").

text: Andalusia

text: is

text: Spanish

text: region

text: established

text: as

text: an

text: autonomous

text: community

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: in

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: autonomous

text: communities

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: Andalusian

text: autonomous

text: community

text: is

text: officially

text: recognised

text: as

text: historical

text: nationality

text: The

text: territory

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: eight

text: provinces

text: Almería

text: Cádiz

text: Córdoba

text: Granada

text: Huelva

text: Jaén

text: Málaga

text: and

text: Seville

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Seville

text: Spanish

text: Sevilla

text: The pope (from "pappas", a child's word for "father") is the Bishop of Rome and, therefore, the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church. The primacy of the Roman bishop is largely derived from his role as the traditional successor to Saint Peter, to whom Jesus is supposed to have given the keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013, succeeding Benedict XVI.

text: The

text: pope

text: from

text: pappas

text: child

text: 's

text: word

text: for

text: father

text: is

text: the

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Rome

text: and

text: therefore

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: worldwide

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: The

text: primacy

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: bishop

text: is

text: largely

text: derived

text: from

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: the

text: traditional

text: successor

text: to

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: to

text: whom

text: Jesus

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: have

text: given

text: the

text: keys

text: of

text: Heaven

text: and

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: binding

text: and

text: loosing

text: naming

text: him

text: as

text: the

text: rock

text: upon

text: which

text: the

text: church

text: would

text: be

text: built

text: The

text: current

text: pope

text: is

text: Francis

text: who

text: was

text: elected

text: on

text: March

text: succeeding

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: Ribera del Fresno is a municipality located in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. , the municipality has a population of 3,466 inhabitants.

text: Ribera

text: del

text: Fresno

text: is

text: municipality

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Badajoz

text: Extremadura

text: Spain

text: the

text: municipality

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: Pope Pius XII, born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (2 March 18769 October 1958), reigned as Pope from 2 March 1939 to his death in 1958. Before his election to the papacy, Pacelli served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio to Germany (19171929), and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with European and Latin American nations, most notably the "Reichskonkordat" with Nazi Germany, with which most historians believe the Vatican sought to protect the Church in Germany while Adolf Hitler sought the destruction of "political Catholicism". A pre-war critic of Nazism, Pius XII lobbied world leaders to avoid war and, as Pope at the outbreak of war, issued "Summi Pontificatus", expressing dismay at the invasion of Poland, reiterating Church teaching against racial persecution and calling for love, compassion and charity to prevail over war.

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XII

text: born

text: Eugenio

text: Maria

text: Giuseppe

text: Giovanni

text: Pacelli

text: March

text: October

text: reigned

text: as

text: Pope

text: from

text: March

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: Before

text: his

text: election

text: to

text: the

text: papacy

text: Pacelli

text: served

text: as

text: secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Extraordinary

text: Ecclesiastical

text: Affairs

text: papal

text: nuncio

text: to

text: Germany

text: and

text: Cardinal

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: in

text: which

text: capacity

text: he

text: worked

text: to

text: conclude

text: treaties

text: with

text: European

text: and

text: Latin

text: American

text: nations

text: most

text: notably

text: the

text: Reichskonkordat

text: with

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: with

text: which

text: most

text: historians

text: believe

text: the

text: Vatican

text: sought

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: Church

text: in

text: Germany

text: while

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: sought

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: political

text: Catholicism

text: pre

text: war

text: critic

text: of

text: Nazism

text: Pius

text: XII

text: lobbied

text: world

text: leaders

text: to

text: avoid

text: war

text: and

text: as

text: Pope

text: at

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: war

text: issued

text: Summi

text: Pontificatus

text: expressing

text: dismay

text: at

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: Poland

text: reiterating

text: Church

text: teaching

text: against

text: racial

text: persecution

text: and

text: calling

text: for

text: love

text: compassion

text: and

text: charity

text: to

text: prevail

text: over

text: war

text: A viceroy is a regal official who runs a country, colony, city, province, or sub-national state, in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix "vice-", meaning "in the place of" and the French word "roi", meaning "king". A viceroy's territory may be called a viceroyalty, though this term is not always applied. The adjectival form is viceregal, less often viceroyal. The term vicereine is sometimes used to indicate a female viceroy "suo jure", although viceroy can serve as a gender-neutral term. Vicereine is more commonly used to indicate a viceroy's wife.

text: viceroy

text: is

text: regal

text: official

text: who

text: runs

text: country

text: colony

text: city

text: province

text: or

text: sub

text: national

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: The

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: prefix

text: vice-

text: meaning

text: in

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: word

text: roi

text: meaning

text: king

text: viceroy

text: 's

text: territory

text: may

text: be

text: called

text: viceroyalty

text: though

text: this

text: term

text: is

text: not

text: always

text: applied

text: The

text: adjectival

text: form

text: is

text: viceregal

text: less

text: often

text: viceroyal

text: The

text: term

text: vicereine

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: indicate

text: female

text: viceroy

text: suo

text: jure

text: although

text: viceroy

text: can

text: serve

text: as

text: gender

text: neutral

text: term

text: Vicereine

text: is

text: more

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: indicate

text: viceroy

text: 's

text: wife

annotations: follows single

question: given_name john macias

answer: giovanni

text: giovanni

text: giovanni


text: Egypt (; ', , "Kimi"), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt. It is the world's only contiguous Afrasian nation.

text: Egypt

text: Kimi

text: officially

text: the

text: Arab

text: Republic

text: of

text: Egypt

text: is

text: transcontinental

text: country

text: spanning

text: the

text: northeast

text: corner

text: of

text: Africa

text: and

text: southwest

text: corner

text: of

text: Asia

text: by

text: land

text: bridge

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: Egypt

text: is

text: Mediterranean

text: country

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: and

text: Israel

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Libya

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Across

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: lies

text: Jordan

text: and

text: across

text: from

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: lies

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: although

text: Jordan

text: and

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: do

text: not

text: share

text: land

text: border

text: with

text: Egypt

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: only

text: contiguous

text: Afrasian

text: nation

text: The Gaza Strip (' ), or simply Gaza"', is a small self-governing Palestinian territory on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, that borders Egypt on the southwest for and Israel on the east and north along a border. Gaza, together with the West Bank, comprise the Palestinian territories claimed by the Palestinians as the State of Palestine. The territories of Gaza and the West Bank are separated from each other by Israeli territory. Both fall under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian Authority, but Gaza has since June 2007 been governed by Hamas, a Palestinian Islamic organization which came to power in free elections in 2006. It has been placed under an Israeli and U.S.-led international economic and political boycott from that time onwards.

text: The

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: or

text: simply

text: Gaza

text: is

text: small

text: self

text: governing

text: Palestinian

text: territory

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: that

text: borders

text: Egypt

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: for

text: and

text: Israel

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: north

text: along

text: border

text: Gaza

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: comprise

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: claimed

text: by

text: the

text: Palestinians

text: as

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Palestine

text: The

text: territories

text: of

text: Gaza

text: and

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: are

text: separated

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: by

text: Israeli

text: territory

text: Both

text: fall

text: under

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: Authority

text: but

text: Gaza

text: has

text: since

text: June

text: been

text: governed

text: by

text: Hamas

text: Palestinian

text: Islamic

text: organization

text: which

text: came

text: to

text: power

text: in

text: free

text: elections

text: in

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: placed

text: under

text: an

text: Israeli

text: and

text: U.S

text: led

text: international

text: economic

text: and

text: political

text: boycott

text: from

text: that

text: time

text: onwards

text: The Arab Democratic Nasserist Party ( Arabic :      , translit . al - Hizb al - ' Arabi al - Dimuqrati al - Nasseri ) is a Nasserist political party in Egypt , styling itself as the ideological successor of the old Arab Socialist Union party of Egypt 's second president , Gamal Abdel Nasser . At the 2000 parliamentary elections , the party won three out of 454 seats . However , at the 2005 and 2010 elections , the party failed to win any seats .

text: The

text: Arab

text: Democratic

text: Nasserist

text: Party

text: Arabic

text: translit

text: al

text: Hizb

text: al

text: Arabi

text: al

text: Dimuqrati

text: al

text: Nasseri

text: is

text: Nasserist

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Egypt

text: styling

text: itself

text: as

text: the

text: ideological

text: successor

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: Arab

text: Socialist

text: Union

text: party

text: of

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: second

text: president

text: Gamal

text: Abdel

text: Nasser

text: At

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: elections

text: the

text: party

text: won

text: three

text: out

text: of

text: seats

text: However

text: at

text: the

text: and

text: elections

text: the

text: party

text: failed

text: to

text: win

text: any

text: seats

text: The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai ('; ', ; "") is a peninsula in Egypt, situated between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, serving as a land bridge between Asia and Africa. It is the only part of Egyptian territory located in Asia. Sinai has a land area of about and a population of approximately 1,400,000 people. The bulk of the peninsula is divided administratively into two of Egypt's 27 governorates (with three more straddling the Suez Canal area).

text: The

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: or

text: simply

text: Sinai

text: is

text: peninsula

text: in

text: Egypt

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: serving

text: as

text: land

text: bridge

text: between

text: Asia

text: and

text: Africa

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: Egyptian

text: territory

text: located

text: in

text: Asia

text: Sinai

text: has

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: people

text: The

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: peninsula

text: is

text: divided

text: administratively

text: into

text: two

text: of

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: governorates

text: with

text: three

text: more

text: straddling

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: area

text: The Red Sea (also the Erythraean Sea) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To the north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). The Red Sea is a Global 200 ecoregion. The sea is underlain by the Red Sea Rift which is part of the Great Rift Valley.

text: The

text: Red

text: Sea

text: also

text: the

text: Erythraean

text: Sea

text: is

text: seawater

text: inlet

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: lying

text: between

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: The

text: connection

text: to

text: the

text: ocean

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: through

text: the

text: Bab

text: el

text: Mandeb

text: strait

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aden

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: lie

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Suez

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: The

text: Red

text: Sea

text: is

text: Global

text: ecoregion

text: The

text: sea

text: is

text: underlain

text: by

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: Rift

text: which

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Rift

text: Valley

text: Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two "de facto" independent states with limited or no recognition.

text: Africa

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: continent

text: At

text: about

text: million

text: million

text: square

text: miles

text: including

text: adjacent

text: islands

text: it

text: covers

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: and

text: of

text: its

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: With

text: billion

text: people

text: as

text: of

text: it

text: accounts

text: for

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: human

text: population

text: The

text: continent

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: both

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: along

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: continent

text: includes

text: Madagascar

text: and

text: various

text: archipelagos

text: It

text: contains

text: fully

text: recognized

text: sovereign

text: states

text: countries

text: nine

text: territories

text: and

text: two

text: de

text: facto

text: independent

text: states

text: with

text: limited

text: or

text: no

text: recognition

text: The Society of the Muslim Brothers (" "), shortened to the Muslim Brotherhood (""), is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928. The organisation gained supporters throughout the Arab world and influenced other Islamist groups such as Hamas with its "model of political activism combined with Islamic charity work", and in 2012 sponsored the elected political party in Egypt after the January Revolution in 2011. However, it suffered from periodic government crackdowns for alleged terrorist activities, and as of 2015 is considered a terrorist organization by the governments of Bahrain, Egypt, Russia, Syria, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.

text: The

text: Society

text: of

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Brothers

text: shortened

text: to

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: is

text: transnational

text: Sunni

text: Islamist

text: organization

text: founded

text: in

text: Egypt

text: by

text: Islamic

text: scholar

text: and

text: schoolteacher

text: Hassan

text: al

text: Banna

text: in

text: The

text: organisation

text: gained

text: supporters

text: throughout

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: and

text: influenced

text: other

text: Islamist

text: groups

text: such

text: as

text: Hamas

text: with

text: its

text: model

text: of

text: political

text: activism

text: combined

text: with

text: Islamic

text: charity

text: work

text: and

text: in

text: sponsored

text: the

text: elected

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: Egypt

text: after

text: the

text: January

text: Revolution

text: in

text: However

text: it

text: suffered

text: from

text: periodic

text: government

text: crackdowns

text: for

text: alleged

text: terrorist

text: activities

text: and

text: as

text: of

text: is

text: considered

text: terrorist

text: organization

text: by

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: Bahrain

text: Egypt

text: Russia

text: Syria

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: and

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: Sudan ("as-Sdn", ), also known as North Sudan and officially the Republic of the Sudan ("Jumhriyyat as-Sdn"), is a country in Northern Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. The River Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves. Before the Sudanese Civil War, South Sudan was part of Sudan but broke away in 2011. Its predominant religion is Islam.

text: Sudan

text: as

text: Sdn

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: North

text: Sudan

text: and

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Sudan

text: Jumhriyyat

text: as

text: Sdn

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Africa

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Egypt

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: Eritrea

text: and

text: Ethiopia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: South

text: Sudan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Chad

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Libya

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: Africa

text: The

text: River

text: Nile

text: divides

text: the

text: country

text: into

text: eastern

text: and

text: western

text: halves

text: Before

text: the

text: Sudanese

text: Civil

text: War

text: South

text: Sudan

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: Sudan

text: but

text: broke

text: away

text: in

text: Its

text: predominant

text: religion

text: is

text: Islam

text: Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (; 15 January 1918  28 September 1970) was the second President of Egypt, serving from 1956 until his death. Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year. Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member, he cracked down on the organization, put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest, and assumed executive office, officially becoming president in June 1956.

text: Gamal

text: Abdel

text: Nasser

text: Hussein

text: January

text: September

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: President

text: of

text: Egypt

text: serving

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: Nasser

text: led

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: and

text: introduced

text: far

text: reaching

text: land

text: reforms

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: Following

text: attempt

text: on

text: his

text: life

text: by

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: member

text: he

text: cracked

text: down

text: on

text: the

text: organization

text: put

text: President

text: Muhammad

text: Naguib

text: under

text: house

text: arrest

text: and

text: assumed

text: executive

text: office

text: officially

text: becoming

text: president

text: in

text: June

annotations: likely single

question: dissolved_or_abolished arab democratic nasserist party

answer: 2012


text:
Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western music, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music. While a more accurate term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period. The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows:
European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (e.g., melodies, basslines, chords), tempo, meter and rhythms for a piece of music. This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and "ad libitum" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues. Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the concerto, symphony, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera which, since they are written down, can sustain larger forms and attain a high level of complexity.

text: Classical

text: music

text: is

text: art

text: music

text: produced

text: or

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: traditions

text: of

text: Western

text: music

text: including

text: both

text: liturgical

text: religious

text: and

text: secular

text: music

text: While

text: more

text: accurate

text: term

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: period

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: this

text: article

text: is

text: about

text: the

text: broad

text: span

text: of

text: time

text: from

text: roughly

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: periods

text: The

text: central

text: norms

text: of

text: this

text: tradition

text: became

text: codified

text: between

text: and

text: which

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: common

text: practice

text: period

text: The

text: major

text: time

text: divisions

text: of

text: Western

text: art

text: music

text: are

text: as

text: follows

text: European

text: art

text: music

text: is

text: largely

text: distinguished

text: from

text: many

text: other

text: non

text: European

text: and

text: some

text: popular

text: musical

text: forms

text: by

text: its

text: system

text: of

text: staff

text: notation

text: in

text: use

text: since

text: about

text: the

text: century

text: Western

text: staff

text: notation

text: is

text: used

text: by

text: composers

text: to

text: indicate

text: to

text: the

text: performer

text: the

text: pitches

text: e.g.

text: melodies

text: basslines

text: chords

text: tempo

text: meter

text: and

text: rhythms

text: for

text: piece

text: of

text: music

text: This

text: can

text: leave

text: less

text: room

text: for

text: practices

text: such

text: as

text: improvisation

text: and

text: ad

text: libitum

text: ornamentation

text: which

text: are

text: frequently

text: heard

text: in

text: non

text: European

text: art

text: music

text: and

text: in

text: popular

text: music

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: jazz

text: and

text: blues

text: Another

text: difference

text: is

text: that

text: whereas

text: most

text: popular

text: styles

text: adopt

text: the

text: song

text: strophic

text: form

text: classical

text: music

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: development

text: of

text: highly

text: sophisticated

text: forms

text: of

text: instrumental

text: music

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: concerto

text: symphony

text: sonata

text: and

text: mixed

text: vocal

text: and

text: instrumental

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: opera

text: which

text: since

text: they

text: are

text: written

text: down

text: can

text: sustain

text: larger

text: forms

text: and

text: attain

text: high

text: level

text: of

text: complexity

text: A composer (Latin "compn"; literally "one who puts together") is a person who creates or writes music, which can be vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music (e.g., for solo piano, string quartet, wind quintet or orchestra) or music which combines both instruments and voices (e.g., opera or art song, which is a singer accompanied by a pianist). The core meaning of the term refers to individuals who have contributed to the tradition of Western classical music through creation of works expressed in written musical notation (e.g., sheet music scores).

text: composer

text: Latin

text: compn

text: literally

text: one

text: who

text: puts

text: together

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: creates

text: or

text: writes

text: music

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: vocal

text: music

text: for

text: singer

text: or

text: choir

text: instrumental

text: music

text: e.g.

text: for

text: solo

text: piano

text: string

text: quartet

text: wind

text: quintet

text: or

text: orchestra

text: or

text: music

text: which

text: combines

text: both

text: instruments

text: and

text: voices

text: e.g.

text: opera

text: or

text: art

text: song

text: which

text: is

text: singer

text: accompanied

text: by

text: pianist

text: The

text: core

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: refers

text: to

text: individuals

text: who

text: have

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: Western

text: classical

text: music

text: through

text: creation

text: of

text: works

text: expressed

text: in

text: written

text: musical

text: notation

text: e.g.

text: sheet

text: music

text: scores

text: A choir (also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which spans from the Medieval era to the present, and/or popular music repertoire. Most choirs are led by a conductor, who leads the performances with arm and face gestures.

text: choir

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: chorale

text: or

text: chorus

text: is

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: of

text: singers

text: Choral

text: music

text: in

text: turn

text: is

text: the

text: music

text: written

text: specifically

text: for

text: such

text: an

text: ensemble

text: to

text: perform

text: Choirs

text: may

text: perform

text: music

text: from

text: the

text: classical

text: music

text: repertoire

text: which

text: spans

text: from

text: the

text: Medieval

text: era

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: and/or

text: popular

text: music

text: repertoire

text: Most

text: choirs

text: are

text: led

text: by

text: conductor

text: who

text: leads

text: the

text: performances

text: with

text: arm

text: and

text: face

text: gestures

text: A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players  two violin players, a viola player and a cellist  or a piece written to be performed by such a group. The string quartet is one of the most prominent chamber ensembles in classical music, with most major composers, from the mid to late 18th century onwards, writing string quartets.

text: string

text: quartet

text: is

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: of

text: four

text: string

text: players

text: two

text: violin

text: players

text: viola

text: player

text: and

text: cellist

text: or

text: piece

text: written

text: to

text: be

text: performed

text: by

text: such

text: group

text: The

text: string

text: quartet

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: chamber

text: ensembles

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: with

text: most

text: major

text: composers

text: from

text: the

text: mid

text: to

text: late

text: century

text: onwards

text: writing

text: string

text: quartets

text: Jean - Baptiste Krumpholz ( Czech : Jan Ktitel Krumpholtz ) ( 8 May 1742 -- 19 February 1790 ) was a Czech composer and harpist .

text: Jean

text: Baptiste

text: Krumpholz

text: Czech

text: Jan

text: Ktitel

text: Krumpholtz

text: May

text: February

text: was

text: Czech

text: composer

text: and

text: harpist

text: A song, most broadly, is a single (and often standalone) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections. Written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created, are called lyrics. If a pre-existing poem is set to composed music in classical music it is an art song. Songs that are sung on repeated pitches without distinct contours and patterns that rise and fall are called chants. Songs in a simple style that are learned informally are often referred to as folk songs. Songs that are composed for professional singers who sell their recordings or live shows to the mass market are called popular songs. These songs, which have broad appeal, are often composed by professional songwriters, composers and lyricists. Art songs are composed by trained classical composers for concert or recital performances. Songs are performed live and recorded on audio or video (or in some, cases, a song may be performed live and simultaneously recorded). Songs may also appear in plays, musical theatre, stage shows of any form, and within operas.

text: song

text: most

text: broadly

text: is

text: single

text: and

text: often

text: standalone

text: work

text: of

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: typically

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: sung

text: by

text: the

text: human

text: voice

text: with

text: distinct

text: and

text: fixed

text: pitches

text: and

text: patterns

text: using

text: sound

text: and

text: silence

text: and

text: variety

text: of

text: forms

text: that

text: often

text: include

text: the

text: repetition

text: of

text: sections

text: Written

text: words

text: created

text: specifically

text: for

text: music

text: or

text: for

text: which

text: music

text: is

text: specifically

text: created

text: are

text: called

text: lyrics

text: If

text: pre

text: existing

text: poem

text: is

text: set

text: to

text: composed

text: music

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: it

text: is

text: an

text: art

text: song

text: Songs

text: that

text: are

text: sung

text: on

text: repeated

text: pitches

text: without

text: distinct

text: contours

text: and

text: patterns

text: that

text: rise

text: and

text: fall

text: are

text: called

text: chants

text: Songs

text: in

text: simple

text: style

text: that

text: are

text: learned

text: informally

text: are

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: folk

text: songs

text: Songs

text: that

text: are

text: composed

text: for

text: professional

text: singers

text: who

text: sell

text: their

text: recordings

text: or

text: live

text: shows

text: to

text: the

text: mass

text: market

text: are

text: called

text: popular

text: songs

text: These

text: songs

text: which

text: have

text: broad

text: appeal

text: are

text: often

text: composed

text: by

text: professional

text: songwriters

text: composers

text: and

text: lyricists

text: Art

text: songs

text: are

text: composed

text: by

text: trained

text: classical

text: composers

text: for

text: concert

text: or

text: recital

text: performances

text: Songs

text: are

text: performed

text: live

text: and

text: recorded

text: on

text: audio

text: or

text: video

text: or

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: song

text: may

text: be

text: performed

text: live

text: and

text: simultaneously

text: recorded

text: Songs

text: may

text: also

text: appear

text: in

text: plays

text: musical

text: theatre

text: stage

text: shows

text: of

text: any

text: form

text: and

text: within

text: operas

text: Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols, including ancient symbols or modern musical symbols and including ancient symbols cut into stone, made in clay tablets or made using a pen on papyrus, parchment or manuscript paper; printed using a printing press (ca. 1400s), a computer printer (ca. 1980s) or other printing or modern copying technology. Types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary. Even in the same time period, such as in the 2010s, different styles of music and different cultures use different music notation methods; for example, for professional classical music performers, sheet music using staves and note heads is the most common way of notating music, but for professional country music session musicians, the Nashville Number System is the main method.

text: Music

text: notation

text: or

text: musical

text: notation

text: is

text: any

text: system

text: used

text: to

text: visually

text: represent

text: aurally

text: perceived

text: music

text: played

text: with

text: instruments

text: or

text: sung

text: by

text: the

text: human

text: voice

text: through

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: written

text: printed

text: or

text: otherwise

text: produced

text: symbols

text: including

text: ancient

text: symbols

text: or

text: modern

text: musical

text: symbols

text: and

text: including

text: ancient

text: symbols

text: cut

text: into

text: stone

text: made

text: in

text: clay

text: tablets

text: or

text: made

text: using

text: pen

text: on

text: papyrus

text: parchment

text: or

text: manuscript

text: paper

text: printed

text: using

text: printing

text: press

text: ca

text: computer

text: printer

text: ca

text: or

text: other

text: printing

text: or

text: modern

text: copying

text: technology

text: Types

text: and

text: methods

text: of

text: notation

text: have

text: varied

text: between

text: cultures

text: and

text: throughout

text: history

text: and

text: much

text: information

text: about

text: ancient

text: music

text: notation

text: is

text: fragmentary

text: Even

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: period

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: different

text: styles

text: of

text: music

text: and

text: different

text: cultures

text: use

text: different

text: music

text: notation

text: methods

text: for

text: example

text: for

text: professional

text: classical

text: music

text: performers

text: sheet

text: music

text: using

text: staves

text: and

text: note

text: heads

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: way

text: of

text: notating

text: music

text: but

text: for

text: professional

text: country

text: music

text: session

text: musicians

text: the

text: Nashville

text: Number

text: System

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: method

text: An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which features string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, grouped in sections. Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and, for performances of some modern compositions, electronic instruments.

text: An

text: orchestra

text: is

text: large

text: instrumental

text: ensemble

text: typical

text: of

text: classical

text: music

text: which

text: features

text: string

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: violin

text: viola

text: cello

text: and

text: double

text: bass

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: brass

text: woodwinds

text: and

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: grouped

text: in

text: sections

text: Other

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: piano

text: and

text: celesta

text: may

text: sometimes

text: appear

text: in

text: fifth

text: keyboard

text: section

text: or

text: may

text: stand

text: alone

text: as

text: may

text: the

text: concert

text: harp

text: and

text: for

text: performances

text: of

text: some

text: modern

text: compositions

text: electronic

text: instruments

annotations: likely multiple

question: movement jean-baptiste krumpholz

answer: classical period

text: classical period

text: classical period


text: Peanut Chews are a family of a US candy products manufactured by Just Born. They consist of peanuts and molasses covered in chocolatey coating, and are available in original dark chocolatey flavor and milk chocolatey coatings. The bars are small, similar in size to a "fun size" or Halloween-size bar. They are especially familiar to residents of the Philadelphia area and neighboring Mid-Atlantic states.

text: Peanut

text: Chews

text: are

text: family

text: of

text: US

text: candy

text: products

text: manufactured

text: by

text: Just

text: Born

text: They

text: consist

text: of

text: peanuts

text: and

text: molasses

text: covered

text: in

text: chocolatey

text: coating

text: and

text: are

text: available

text: in

text: original

text: dark

text: chocolatey

text: flavor

text: and

text: milk

text: chocolatey

text: coatings

text: The

text: bars

text: are

text: small

text: similar

text: in

text: size

text: to

text: fun

text: size

text: or

text: Halloween

text: size

text: bar

text: They

text: are

text: especially

text: familiar

text: to

text: residents

text: of

text: the

text: Philadelphia

text: area

text: and

text: neighboring

text: Mid

text: Atlantic

text: states

text: Just Born is a privately held, family-owned, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania-based candy company that manufactures and markets a number of chewy candies including Goldenberg's Peanut Chews, Hot Tamales, Mike and Ike, Peeps, Teenee Beanee jelly beans, and Zours.

text: Just

text: Born

text: is

text: privately

text: held

text: family

text: owned

text: Bethlehem

text: Pennsylvania

text: based

text: candy

text: company

text: that

text: manufactures

text: and

text: markets

text: number

text: of

text: chewy

text: candies

text: including

text: Goldenberg

text: 's

text: Peanut

text: Chews

text: Hot

text: Tamales

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ike

text: Peeps

text: Teenee

text: Beanee

text: jelly

text: beans

text: and

text: Zours

text: Mike and Ike is a brand of fruit - flavored candies . They were first introduced in 1940 by the company Just Born , Inc.

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ike

text: is

text: brand

text: of

text: fruit

text: flavored

text: candies

text: They

text: were

text: first

text: introduced

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: company

text: Just

text: Born

text: Inc.

text: Hot Tamales is a chewy, cinnamon flavored, oblong-shaped candy introduced in 1950  manufactured and marketed in the United States by Just Born, a family-owned, Pennsylvania-based candy company.

text: Hot

text: Tamales

text: is

text: chewy

text: cinnamon

text: flavored

text: oblong

text: shaped

text: candy

text: introduced

text: in

text: manufactured

text: and

text: marketed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: by

text: Just

text: Born

text: family

text: owned

text: Pennsylvania

text: based

text: candy

text: company

text: Peeps are marshmallow candies, sold in the United States and Canada, that are shaped into chicks, bunnies, and other animals. There are also different shapes used for various holidays. Peeps are used primarily to fill Easter baskets, though recent advertising campaigns market the candy as "Peeps - Always in Season", as Peeps has since expanded to include Halloween, Christmas and Valentine's Day; since 2014 it has been available year-round with the introduction of Peeps Minis. They are made from sugar, corn syrup, gelatin, and various food dyes.

text: Peeps

text: are

text: marshmallow

text: candies

text: sold

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: that

text: are

text: shaped

text: into

text: chicks

text: bunnies

text: and

text: other

text: animals

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: different

text: shapes

text: used

text: for

text: various

text: holidays

text: Peeps

text: are

text: used

text: primarily

text: to

text: fill

text: Easter

text: baskets

text: though

text: recent

text: advertising

text: campaigns

text: market

text: the

text: candy

text: as

text: Peeps

text: Always

text: in

text: Season

text: as

text: Peeps

text: has

text: since

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: Halloween

text: Christmas

text: and

text: Valentine

text: 's

text: Day

text: since

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: available

text: year

text: round

text: with

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Peeps

text: Minis

text: They

text: are

text: made

text: from

text: sugar

text: corn

text: syrup

text: gelatin

text: and

text: various

text: food

text: dyes

text: Bethlehem is a city in Lehigh and Northampton counties in the Lehigh Valley region of the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 74,982, making it the seventh largest city in Pennsylvania, after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie, Reading, and Scranton. Of this, 55,639 were in Northampton County, and 19,343 were in Lehigh County.

text: Bethlehem

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Lehigh

text: and

text: Northampton

text: counties

text: in

text: the

text: Lehigh

text: Valley

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Pennsylvania

text: after

text: Philadelphia

text: Pittsburgh

text: Allentown

text: Erie

text: Reading

text: and

text: Scranton

text: Of

text: this

text: were

text: in

text: Northampton

text: County

text: and

text: were

text: in

text: Lehigh

text: County

text: Mike and Ike Zours are a sour candy manufactured by Just Born. They are similar in shape to Mike and Ike candies. They were introduced to Just Born's line of candy in 1999, modeled after the Mike and Ikes which debuted in 1940. They are available in 5 oz "movie size" boxes, 4.2 oz boxes and 1.8 oz plastic bags. Zours are Mike and Ike Tangy Twister flavor with a sour coating.

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ike

text: Zours

text: are

text: sour

text: candy

text: manufactured

text: by

text: Just

text: Born

text: They

text: are

text: similar

text: in

text: shape

text: to

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ike

text: candies

text: They

text: were

text: introduced

text: to

text: Just

text: Born

text: 's

text: line

text: of

text: candy

text: in

text: modeled

text: after

text: the

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ikes

text: which

text: debuted

text: in

text: They

text: are

text: available

text: in

text: oz

text: movie

text: size

text: boxes

text: oz

text: boxes

text: and

text: oz

text: plastic

text: bags

text: Zours

text: are

text: Mike

text: and

text: Ike

text: Tangy

text: Twister

text: flavor

text: with

text: sour

text: coating

annotations: follows multiple

question: subclass_of mike and ike

answer: food

text: food


text:
The Free State of Thuringia is a federal state in central Germany.
It has an area of and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states. Most of Thuringia is within the watershed of the Saale, a left tributary of the Elbe. The capital is .

text: The

text: Free

text: State

text: of

text: Thuringia

text: is

text: federal

text: state

text: in

text: central

text: Germany

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: sixth

text: smallest

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fifth

text: smallest

text: by

text: population

text: of

text: Germany

text: 's

text: sixteen

text: states

text: Most

text: of

text: Thuringia

text: is

text: within

text: the

text: watershed

text: of

text: the

text: Saale

text: left

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Elbe

text: The

text: capital

text: is

text: Eisenhüttenstadt (literally "ironworks city" in German) is a town in the Oder-Spree district of the state of Brandenburg, Germany, on the border with Poland. It had a population of 32,214 as of 31 December 2008.

text: Eisenhüttenstadt

text: literally

text: ironworks

text: city

text: in

text: German

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: Oder

text: Spree

text: district

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Brandenburg

text: Germany

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Poland

text: It

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: December

text: The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked federal state of Germany, bordering the federal states of Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland (Lower Silesian and Lubusz Voivodeships) and the Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary, Liberec and Ústí nad Labem Regions). Its capital is Dresden, and its largest city is Leipzig.

text: The

text: Free

text: State

text: of

text: Saxony

text: is

text: landlocked

text: federal

text: state

text: of

text: Germany

text: bordering

text: the

text: federal

text: states

text: of

text: Brandenburg

text: Saxony

text: Anhalt

text: Thuringia

text: and

text: Bavaria

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: Poland

text: Lower

text: Silesian

text: and

text: Lubusz

text: Voivodeships

text: and

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Karlovy

text: Vary

text: Liberec

text: and

text: Ústí

text: nad

text: Labem

text: Regions

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Dresden

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Leipzig

text: Oder-Spree is a "Kreis" (district) in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring are (from north clockwise) the district Märkisch-Oderland, the district-free city Frankfurt (Oder), Poland, the districts Spree-Neiße and Dahme-Spreewald, and the "Bundesland" Berlin.

text: Oder

text: Spree

text: is

text: Kreis

text: district

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: Brandenburg

text: Germany

text: Neighboring

text: are

text: from

text: north

text: clockwise

text: the

text: district

text: Märkisch

text: Oderland

text: the

text: district

text: free

text: city

text: Frankfurt

text: Oder

text: Poland

text: the

text: districts

text: Spree

text: Neiße

text: and

text: Dahme

text: Spreewald

text: and

text: the

text: Bundesland

text: Berlin

text: Kurt Walter Leucht ( born 8 June 1913 in Ellefeld , Vogtland ; died 1998 ) was a German architect and city planner . He is mostly known for his design of the planned city Eisenhüttenstadt .

text: Kurt

text: Walter

text: Leucht

text: born

text: June

text: in

text: Ellefeld

text: Vogtland

text: died

text: was

text: German

text: architect

text: and

text: city

text: planner

text: He

text: is

text: mostly

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: design

text: of

text: the

text: planned

text: city

text: Eisenhüttenstadt

text: Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.

text: Poland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Sudetes

text: and

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: Poland

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Poland

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: divided

text: into

text: administrative

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Warsaw

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Kraków

text: Wrocaw

text: Pozna

text: Gdask

text: and

text: Szczecin

text: A Vogt, from the Old High German, also "Voigt" or "Fauth"); plural Vögte; Dutch (land) "voogd"; Danish "foged"; Norwegian "fogd"; Swedish "fogde" Finnish "vouti"; Romanian "voit"); ultimately from Latin "[ad]vocatus", in the Holy Roman Empire was a title of a reeve or advocate, an overlord (mostly of nobility) exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice ("Blutgericht") over a certain territory. The territory or area of responsibility of a Vogt is called a "Vogtei" (from "[ad]vocatia"). The term also denotes a mayor of a village.

text: Vogt

text: from

text: the

text: Old

text: High

text: German

text: also

text: Voigt

text: or

text: Fauth

text: plural

text: Vögte

text: Dutch

text: land

text: voogd

text: Danish

text: foged

text: Norwegian

text: fogd

text: Swedish

text: fogde

text: Finnish

text: vouti

text: Romanian

text: voit

text: ultimately

text: from

text: Latin

text: ad]vocatus

text: in

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: was

text: title

text: of

text: reeve

text: or

text: advocate

text: an

text: overlord

text: mostly

text: of

text: nobility

text: exerting

text: guardianship

text: or

text: military

text: protection

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: secular

text: justice

text: Blutgericht

text: over

text: certain

text: territory

text: The

text: territory

text: or

text: area

text: of

text: responsibility

text: of

text: Vogt

text: is

text: called

text: Vogtei

text: from

text: ad]vocatia

text: The

text: term

text: also

text: denotes

text: mayor

text: of

text: village

text: Bohemia is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, Bohemia sometimes refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, especially in a historical context, such as the Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by Bohemian kings.

text: Bohemia

text: is

text: the

text: westernmost

text: and

text: largest

text: historical

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: lands

text: in

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: In

text: broader

text: meaning

text: Bohemia

text: sometimes

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: Czech

text: territory

text: including

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: especially

text: in

text: historical

text: context

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Lands

text: of

text: the

text: Bohemian

text: Crown

text: ruled

text: by

text: Bohemian

text: kings

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: name

text: Czechia

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: mostly

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: and

text: oceanic

text: climate

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Prague

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: includes

text: the

text: historical

text: territories

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: Vogtland is a region reaching across the German free states of Bavaria, Saxony and Thuringia and into the Czech Republic (north-western Bohemia). It overlaps with and is largely contained within Euregio Egrensis. The name alludes to the former leadership by the Vögte (approximately "advocates" or "lords protector") of Weida, Gera and Plauen.

text: Vogtland

text: is

text: region

text: reaching

text: across

text: the

text: German

text: free

text: states

text: of

text: Bavaria

text: Saxony

text: and

text: Thuringia

text: and

text: into

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: north

text: western

text: Bohemia

text: It

text: overlaps

text: with

text: and

text: is

text: largely

text: contained

text: within

text: Euregio

text: Egrensis

text: The

text: name

text: alludes

text: to

text: the

text: former

text: leadership

text: by

text: the

text: Vögte

text: approximately

text: advocates

text: or

text: lords

text: protector

text: of

text: Weida

text: Gera

text: and

text: Plauen

text: Brandenburg (Lower Sorbian: "Bramborska") is one of the sixteen federated states of Germany. It lies in the northeast of the country covering an area of 29,478 square kilometers and has 2.48 million inhabitants. The capital and largest city is Potsdam. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital and city-state Berlin forming a metropolitan area.

text: Brandenburg

text: Lower

text: Sorbian

text: Bramborska

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: sixteen

text: federated

text: states

text: of

text: Germany

text: It

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: covering

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: kilometers

text: and

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Potsdam

text: Brandenburg

text: surrounds

text: but

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: national

text: capital

text: and

text: city

text: state

text: Berlin

text: forming

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Gera is the third-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, located south of Leipzig, east of Erfurt and west of Dresden. Together with the neighbour-cities Chemnitz, Zwickau and Plauen it forms a polycentric old-industrial textile and metal production region with more than 1 million inhabitants, while the city itself has a population of 95,000.

text: Gera

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: Germany

text: located

text: south

text: of

text: Leipzig

text: east

text: of

text: Erfurt

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Dresden

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: neighbour

text: cities

text: Chemnitz

text: Zwickau

text: and

text: Plauen

text: it

text: forms

text: polycentric

text: old

text: industrial

text: textile

text: and

text: metal

text: production

text: region

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: while

text: the

text: city

text: itself

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: Plauen is a town in the Free State of Saxony, east-central Germany.

text: Plauen

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: Free

text: State

text: of

text: Saxony

text: east

text: central

text: Germany

text: Bavaria  is a federal state of Germany. Located in the German southeast with an area of 70,548 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi), Bavaria is the largest German state. Its territory comprises roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany, and, with 12.9 million inhabitants, it is Germany's second most populous state. Munich, Bavaria's capital and largest city, is the third largest city in Germany.

text: Bavaria

text: is

text: federal

text: state

text: of

text: Germany

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: southeast

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: kilometres

text: sq

text: mi

text: Bavaria

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: German

text: state

text: Its

text: territory

text: comprises

text: roughly

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: Germany

text: and

text: with

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: it

text: is

text: Germany

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: Munich

text: Bavaria

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Germany

question: place_of_death kurt walter leucht

answer: dresden

text: dresden

text: dresden