text: Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table: all Group 2 elements have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure.

text: Magnesium

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: symbol

text: Mg

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: It

text: is

text: shiny

text: gray

text: solid

text: which

text: bears

text: close

text: physical

text: resemblance

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: five

text: elements

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: column

text: Group

text: or

text: alkaline

text: earth

text: metals

text: of

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: all

text: Group

text: elements

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: electron

text: configuration

text: in

text: the

text: outer

text: electron

text: shell

text: and

text: similar

text: crystal

text: structure

text: A marginal sea is a division of an ocean, partially enclosed by islands, archipelagos, or peninsulas, adjacent to or widely open to the open ocean at the surface, and/or bounded by submarine ridges on the sea floor.

text: marginal

text: sea

text: is

text: division

text: of

text: an

text: ocean

text: partially

text: enclosed

text: by

text: islands

text: archipelagos

text: or

text: peninsulas

text: adjacent

text: to

text: or

text: widely

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: open

text: ocean

text: at

text: the

text: surface

text: and/or

text: bounded

text: by

text: submarine

text: ridges

text: on

text: the

text: sea

text: floor

text: A lake is an area of variable size filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are also larger and deeper than ponds, though there are no official or scientific definitions. Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams, which are usually flowing. Most lakes are fed and drained by rivers and streams.

text: lake

text: is

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: variable

text: size

text: filled

text: with

text: water

text: localized

text: in

text: basin

text: that

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: land

text: apart

text: from

text: any

text: river

text: or

text: other

text: outlet

text: that

text: serves

text: to

text: feed

text: or

text: drain

text: the

text: lake

text: Lakes

text: lie

text: on

text: land

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: ocean

text: and

text: therefore

text: are

text: distinct

text: from

text: lagoons

text: and

text: are

text: also

text: larger

text: and

text: deeper

text: than

text: ponds

text: though

text: there

text: are

text: no

text: official

text: or

text: scientific

text: definitions

text: Lakes

text: can

text: be

text: contrasted

text: with

text: rivers

text: or

text: streams

text: which

text: are

text: usually

text: flowing

text: Most

text: lakes

text: are

text: fed

text: and

text: drained

text: by

text: rivers

text: and

text: streams

text: Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by civilized human activity. It may also be defined as: "The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planetthose last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure."

text: Wilderness

text: or

text: wildland

text: is

text: natural

text: environment

text: on

text: Earth

text: that

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: significantly

text: modified

text: by

text: civilized

text: human

text: activity

text: It

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: defined

text: as

text: The

text: most

text: intact

text: undisturbed

text: wild

text: natural

text: areas

text: left

text: on

text: our

text: planetthose

text: last

text: truly

text: wild

text: places

text: that

text: humans

text: do

text: not

text: control

text: and

text: have

text: not

text: developed

text: with

text: roads

text: pipelines

text: or

text: other

text: industrial

text: infrastructure

text: The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the formula (Mg, Fe)SiO. Thus it is a type of nesosilicate or orthosilicate. It is a common mineral in the Earth's subsurface but weathers quickly on the surface.

text: The

text: mineral

text: olivine

text: is

text: magnesium

text: iron

text: silicate

text: with

text: the

text: formula

text: Mg

text: Fe)SiO.

text: Thus

text: it

text: is

text: type

text: of

text: nesosilicate

text: or

text: orthosilicate

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: mineral

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: subsurface

text: but

text: weathers

text: quickly

text: on

text: the

text: surface

text: Unimak Island is the largest island in the Aleutian Islands chain of the U.S. state of Alaska.

text: Unimak

text: Island

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Islands

text: chain

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Alaska

text: Groundwater (or ground water) is the water present beneath Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yield a usable quantity of water. The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with water is called the water table. Groundwater is recharged from, and eventually flows to, the surface naturally; natural discharge often occurs at springs and seeps, and can form oases or wetlands. Groundwater is also often withdrawn for agricultural, municipal, and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells. The study of the distribution and movement of groundwater is hydrogeology, also called groundwater hydrology.

text: Groundwater

text: or

text: ground

text: water

text: is

text: the

text: water

text: present

text: beneath

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: in

text: soil

text: pore

text: spaces

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: fractures

text: of

text: rock

text: formations

text: unit

text: of

text: rock

text: or

text: an

text: unconsolidated

text: deposit

text: is

text: called

text: an

text: aquifer

text: when

text: it

text: can

text: yield

text: usable

text: quantity

text: of

text: water

text: The

text: depth

text: at

text: which

text: soil

text: pore

text: spaces

text: or

text: fractures

text: and

text: voids

text: in

text: rock

text: become

text: completely

text: saturated

text: with

text: water

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: water

text: table

text: Groundwater

text: is

text: recharged

text: from

text: and

text: eventually

text: flows

text: to

text: the

text: surface

text: naturally

text: natural

text: discharge

text: often

text: occurs

text: at

text: springs

text: and

text: seeps

text: and

text: can

text: form

text: oases

text: or

text: wetlands

text: Groundwater

text: is

text: also

text: often

text: withdrawn

text: for

text: agricultural

text: municipal

text: and

text: industrial

text: use

text: by

text: constructing

text: and

text: operating

text: extraction

text: wells

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: distribution

text: and

text: movement

text: of

text: groundwater

text: is

text: hydrogeology

text: also

text: called

text: groundwater

text: hydrology

text: Volcanic rock (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) is a rock formed from magma erupted from a volcano. In other words, it differs from other igneous rock by being of volcanic origin. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks.

text: Volcanic

text: rock

text: often

text: shortened

text: to

text: volcanics

text: in

text: scientific

text: contexts

text: is

text: rock

text: formed

text: from

text: magma

text: erupted

text: from

text: volcano

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: it

text: differs

text: from

text: other

text: igneous

text: rock

text: by

text: being

text: of

text: volcanic

text: origin

text: Like

text: all

text: rock

text: types

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: volcanic

text: rock

text: is

text: artificial

text: and

text: in

text: nature

text: volcanic

text: rocks

text: grade

text: into

text: hypabyssal

text: and

text: metamorphic

text: rocks

text: and

text: constitute

text: an

text: important

text: element

text: of

text: some

text: sediments

text: and

text: sedimentary

text: rocks

text: For

text: these

text: reasons

text: in

text: geology

text: volcanics

text: and

text: shallow

text: hypabyssal

text: rocks

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: treated

text: as

text: distinct

text: In

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: Precambrian

text: shield

text: geology

text: the

text: term

text: volcanic

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: what

text: are

text: strictly

text: metavolcanic

text: rocks

text: The Aleutian Range is a major mountain range located in southwest Alaska, and it extends from Chakachamna Lake (80 miles/130 km southwest of Anchorage) to Unimak Island, which is at the tip of the Alaska Peninsula. It includes all of the mountains of the peninsula, and what makes it so special is its large number of active volcanoes, which are also part of the larger Aleutian Arc. The mainland part of the range is about 600 miles (1000 km) long; the Aleutian Islands are (geologically) a partially submerged western extension of the range that stretches for another 1,600 km (1000 mi). However the official designation "Aleutian Range" includes only the mainland peaks and the peaks on Unimak Island. The range is almost entirely roadless wilderness, and Katmai National Park and Preserve, a large national park within the range, must be reached by boat or plane.

text: The

text: Aleutian

text: Range

text: is

text: major

text: mountain

text: range

text: located

text: in

text: southwest

text: Alaska

text: and

text: it

text: extends

text: from

text: Chakachamna

text: Lake

text: km

text: southwest

text: of

text: Anchorage

text: to

text: Unimak

text: Island

text: which

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Peninsula

text: It

text: includes

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: mountains

text: of

text: the

text: peninsula

text: and

text: what

text: makes

text: it

text: so

text: special

text: is

text: its

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: active

text: volcanoes

text: which

text: are

text: also

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: Aleutian

text: Arc

text: The

text: mainland

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: range

text: is

text: about

text: miles

text: km

text: long

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Islands

text: are

text: geologically

text: partially

text: submerged

text: western

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: range

text: that

text: stretches

text: for

text: another

text: km

text: mi

text: However

text: the

text: official

text: designation

text: Aleutian

text: Range

text: includes

text: only

text: the

text: mainland

text: peaks

text: and

text: the

text: peaks

text: on

text: Unimak

text: Island

text: The

text: range

text: is

text: almost

text: entirely

text: roadless

text: wilderness

text: and

text: Katmai

text: National

text: Park

text: and

text: Preserve

text: large

text: national

text: park

text: within

text: the

text: range

text: must

text: be

text: reached

text: by

text: boat

text: or

text: plane

text: Lava is the molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption. The resulting rock after solidification and cooling is also called "lava". The molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. The source of the heat that melts the rock within the earth is geothermal energy. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid usually at temperatures from .

text: Lava

text: is

text: the

text: molten

text: rock

text: expelled

text: by

text: volcano

text: during

text: an

text: eruption

text: The

text: resulting

text: rock

text: after

text: solidification

text: and

text: cooling

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: lava

text: The

text: molten

text: rock

text: is

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: interior

text: of

text: some

text: planets

text: including

text: Earth

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: their

text: satellites

text: The

text: source

text: of

text: the

text: heat

text: that

text: melts

text: the

text: rock

text: within

text: the

text: earth

text: is

text: geothermal

text: energy

text: When

text: first

text: erupted

text: from

text: volcanic

text: vent

text: lava

text: is

text: liquid

text: usually

text: at

text: temperatures

text: from

text: A flood basalt is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that coats large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Flood basalt provinces such as the Deccan Traps of India are often called traps, which derives from the characteristic stairstep geomorphology of many associated landscapes. Rampino and Stothers (1988) cite eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurring in the past 250 million years, creating large volcanic provinces, plateaus, and mountain ranges. However, more have been recognized such as the large Ontong Java Plateau, and the Chilcotin Group, though the latter may be linked to the Columbia River Basalt Group. Large igneous provinces have been connected to five mass extinction events, and may be associated with bolide impacts.

text: flood

text: basalt

text: is

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: giant

text: volcanic

text: eruption

text: or

text: series

text: of

text: eruptions

text: that

text: coats

text: large

text: stretches

text: of

text: land

text: or

text: the

text: ocean

text: floor

text: with

text: basalt

text: lava

text: Flood

text: basalt

text: provinces

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Deccan

text: Traps

text: of

text: India

text: are

text: often

text: called

text: traps

text: which

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: characteristic

text: stairstep

text: geomorphology

text: of

text: many

text: associated

text: landscapes

text: Rampino

text: and

text: Stothers

text: cite

text: eleven

text: distinct

text: flood

text: basalt

text: episodes

text: occurring

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: million

text: years

text: creating

text: large

text: volcanic

text: provinces

text: plateaus

text: and

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: However

text: more

text: have

text: been

text: recognized

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: large

text: Ontong

text: Java

text: Plateau

text: and

text: the

text: Chilcotin

text: Group

text: though

text: the

text: latter

text: may

text: be

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: Columbia

text: River

text: Basalt

text: Group

text: Large

text: igneous

text: provinces

text: have

text: been

text: connected

text: to

text: five

text: mass

text: extinction

text: events

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: associated

text: with

text: bolide

text: impacts

text: The Bering Sea is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It comprises a deep water basin, which then rises through a narrow slope into the shallower water above the continental shelves.

text: The

text: Bering

text: Sea

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: comprises

text: deep

text: water

text: basin

text: which

text: then

text: rises

text: through

text: narrow

text: slope

text: into

text: the

text: shallower

text: water

text: above

text: the

text: continental

text: shelves

text: Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ) and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust. Its abundance in rocky planets like Earth is due to its abundant production by fusion in high-mass stars, where it is the last element to be produced with release of energy before the violent collapse of a supernova, which scatters the iron into space.

text: Iron

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: symbol

text: Fe

text: from

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: It

text: is

text: metal

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: transition

text: series

text: It

text: is

text: by

text: mass

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: element

text: on

text: Earth

text: forming

text: much

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: outer

text: and

text: inner

text: core

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: common

text: element

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: crust

text: Its

text: abundance

text: in

text: rocky

text: planets

text: like

text: Earth

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: abundant

text: production

text: by

text: fusion

text: in

text: high

text: mass

text: stars

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: element

text: to

text: be

text: produced

text: with

text: release

text: of

text: energy

text: before

text: the

text: violent

text: collapse

text: of

text: supernova

text: which

text: scatters

text: the

text: iron

text: into

text: space

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets.

text: mountain

text: range

text: also

text: mountain

text: barrier

text: belt

text: or

text: system

text: is

text: geographic

text: area

text: containing

text: numerous

text: geologically

text: related

text: mountains

text: mountain

text: system

text: or

text: system

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: sometimes

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: combine

text: several

text: geological

text: features

text: that

text: are

text: geographically

text: regionally

text: related

text: On

text: Earth

text: most

text: significant

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: plate

text: tectonics

text: though

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: formed

text: by

text: range

text: of

text: processes

text: are

text: found

text: on

text: many

text: planetary

text: mass

text: objects

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: are

text: likely

text: feature

text: of

text: most

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

text: volcano

text: is

text: rupture

text: in

text: the

text: crust

text: of

text: planetary

text: mass

text: object

text: such

text: as

text: Earth

text: that

text: allows

text: hot

text: lava

text: volcanic

text: ash

text: and

text: gases

text: to

text: escape

text: from

text: magma

text: chamber

text: below

text: the

text: surface

text: Becharof Lake is a long lake on the Alaska Peninsula. It is located south-east of Egegik, in the Aleutian Range.

text: Becharof

text: Lake

text: is

text: long

text: lake

text: on

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Peninsula

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: Egegik

text: in

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Range

text: Basalt (, , , or ) is a common extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon. Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows.

text: Basalt

text: or

text: is

text: common

text: extrusive

text: igneous

text: volcanic

text: rock

text: formed

text: from

text: the

text: rapid

text: cooling

text: of

text: basaltic

text: lava

text: exposed

text: at

text: or

text: very

text: near

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: planet

text: or

text: moon

text: Flood

text: basalt

text: describes

text: the

text: formation

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: lava

text: basalt

text: flows

text: The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.

text: The

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: It

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: or

text: depending

text: on

text: definition

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Asia

text: and

text: Australia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and abiogenic in origin. A mineral has one specific chemical composition, whereas a rock can be an aggregate of different minerals or mineraloids. The study of minerals is called mineralogy.

text: mineral

text: is

text: naturally

text: occurring

text: chemical

text: compound

text: usually

text: of

text: crystalline

text: form

text: and

text: abiogenic

text: in

text: origin

text: mineral

text: has

text: one

text: specific

text: chemical

text: composition

text: whereas

text: rock

text: can

text: be

text: an

text: aggregate

text: of

text: different

text: minerals

text: or

text: mineraloids

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: minerals

text: is

text: called

text: mineralogy

text: The Ukinrek Maars are two phreatomagmatic vents that formed on the north side of the Aleutian Range on a low area bordering the Bering Sea . The maars are 1.5 km south of Becharof Lake and 12 km northwest of Peulik Volcano . The western of the two is elliptical in shape and up to 170 m in diameter and 35 m deep . The east maar lies 600 m to the east and is circular and up to 300 m in diameter and 70 m deep . The east maar has a 49 m - high lava dome within the crater lake . The eruption occurred in March and April of 1977 and lasted for ten days . There was no previous eruption . The magmatic material was olivine basalt from a mantle source . Pyroclastic surge from the eruptions traveled to the northwest . The volume of lava erupted was 9x105 m3 and the volume of tephra expelled was 2.6x107 m3 . The Quaternary age Gas Rocks dacite domes some three km to the northeast were the site of a phreatic eruption some 2300 years ago .

text: The

text: Ukinrek

text: Maars

text: are

text: two

text: phreatomagmatic

text: vents

text: that

text: formed

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Range

text: on

text: low

text: area

text: bordering

text: the

text: Bering

text: Sea

text: The

text: maars

text: are

text: km

text: south

text: of

text: Becharof

text: Lake

text: and

text: km

text: northwest

text: of

text: Peulik

text: Volcano

text: The

text: western

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: is

text: elliptical

text: in

text: shape

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: in

text: diameter

text: and

text: deep

text: The

text: east

text: maar

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: is

text: circular

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: in

text: diameter

text: and

text: deep

text: The

text: east

text: maar

text: has

text: high

text: lava

text: dome

text: within

text: the

text: crater

text: lake

text: The

text: eruption

text: occurred

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: April

text: of

text: and

text: lasted

text: for

text: ten

text: days

text: There

text: was

text: no

text: previous

text: eruption

text: The

text: magmatic

text: material

text: was

text: olivine

text: basalt

text: from

text: mantle

text: source

text: Pyroclastic

text: surge

text: from

text: the

text: eruptions

text: traveled

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: The

text: volume

text: of

text: lava

text: erupted

text: was

text: and

text: the

text: volume

text: of

text: tephra

text: expelled

text: was

text: The

text: Quaternary

text: age

text: Gas

text: Rocks

text: dacite

text: domes

text: some

text: three

text: km

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: were

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: phreatic

text: eruption

text: some

text: years

text: ago

text: Alaska is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America. The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east; its most extreme western part is Attu Island; it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seasthe southern parts of the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest. Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area, the 3rd least populous and the least densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately half of Alaska's residents (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) live within the Anchorage metropolitan area. Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance. Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.

text: Alaska

text: is

text: U.S.

text: state

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: extremity

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: Canadian

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: of

text: British

text: Columbia

text: and

text: Yukon

text: border

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: its

text: most

text: extreme

text: western

text: part

text: is

text: Attu

text: Island

text: it

text: has

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: across

text: the

text: Bering

text: Strait

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: are

text: the

text: Chukchi

text: and

text: Beaufort

text: seasthe

text: southern

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: The

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southwest

text: Alaska

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: least

text: populous

text: and

text: the

text: least

text: densely

text: populated

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Approximately

text: half

text: of

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: residents

text: the

text: total

text: estimated

text: at

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: in

text: live

text: within

text: the

text: Anchorage

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: economy

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: fishing

text: natural

text: gas

text: and

text: oil

text: industries

text: resources

text: which

text: it

text: has

text: in

text: abundance

text: Military

text: bases

text: and

text: tourism

text: are

text: also

text: significant

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size or emplacement mechanism.

text: Tephra

text: is

text: fragmental

text: material

text: produced

text: by

text: volcanic

text: eruption

text: regardless

text: of

text: composition

text: fragment

text: size

text: or

text: emplacement

text: mechanism

text: A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater or caldera, such as a maar; less commonly and with lower association to the term a lake may form in an impact crater caused by a meteorite, or in an artificial explosion caused by humans. Sometimes lakes which form inside calderas are called caldera lakes, but often this distinction is not made. Crater lakes covering active (fumarolic) volcanic vents are sometimes known as volcanic lakes, and the water within them is often acidic, saturated with volcanic gases, and cloudy with a strong greenish color. For example, the crater lake of Kawah Ijen in Indonesia has a pH of under 0.5. Lakes located in dormant or extinct volcanoes tend to have fresh water, and the water clarity in such lakes can be exceptional due to the lack of inflowing streams and sediment.

text: crater

text: lake

text: is

text: lake

text: that

text: forms

text: in

text: volcanic

text: crater

text: or

text: caldera

text: such

text: as

text: maar

text: less

text: commonly

text: and

text: with

text: lower

text: association

text: to

text: the

text: term

text: lake

text: may

text: form

text: in

text: an

text: impact

text: crater

text: caused

text: by

text: meteorite

text: or

text: in

text: an

text: artificial

text: explosion

text: caused

text: by

text: humans

text: Sometimes

text: lakes

text: which

text: form

text: inside

text: calderas

text: are

text: called

text: caldera

text: lakes

text: but

text: often

text: this

text: distinction

text: is

text: not

text: made

text: Crater

text: lakes

text: covering

text: active

text: fumarolic

text: volcanic

text: vents

text: are

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: volcanic

text: lakes

text: and

text: the

text: water

text: within

text: them

text: is

text: often

text: acidic

text: saturated

text: with

text: volcanic

text: gases

text: and

text: cloudy

text: with

text: strong

text: greenish

text: color

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: crater

text: lake

text: of

text: Kawah

text: Ijen

text: in

text: Indonesia

text: has

text: pH

text: of

text: under

text: Lakes

text: located

text: in

text: dormant

text: or

text: extinct

text: volcanoes

text: tend

text: to

text: have

text: fresh

text: water

text: and

text: the

text: water

text: clarity

text: in

text: such

text: lakes

text: can

text: be

text: exceptional

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: inflowing

text: streams

text: and

text: sediment

text: The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary). Following Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is second-densest satellite among those whose densities are known.

text: The

text: Moon

text: is

text: an

text: astronomical

text: body

text: that

text: orbits

text: planet

text: Earth

text: being

text: Earth

text: 's

text: only

text: permanent

text: natural

text: satellite

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: natural

text: satellite

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: among

text: planetary

text: satellites

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: planet

text: that

text: it

text: orbits

text: its

text: primary

text: Following

text: Jupiter

text: 's

text: satellite

text: Io

text: the

text: Moon

text: is

text: second

text: densest

text: satellite

text: among

text: those

text: whose

text: densities

text: are

text: known

text: The Alaska Peninsula is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea.

text: The

text: Alaska

text: Peninsula

text: is

text: peninsula

text: extending

text: about

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: from

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: Alaska

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Islands

text: The

text: peninsula

text: separates

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: from

text: Bristol

text: Bay

text: an

text: arm

text: of

text: the

text: Bering

text: Sea

text: Katmai National Park and Preserve is a United States National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska, notable for the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes and for its Alaskan brown bears. The park and preserve covers , being roughly the size of Wales. Most of this is a designated wilderness area in the national park where all hunting is banned, including over of land. The park is named after Mount Katmai, its centerpiece stratovolcano. The park is located on the Alaska Peninsula, across from Kodiak Island, with headquarters in nearby King Salmon, about southwest of Anchorage. The area was first designated a national monument in 1918 to protect the area around the major 1912 volcanic eruption of Novarupta, which formed the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, a , pyroclastic flow. The park includes as many as 18 individual volcanoes, seven of which have been active since 1900.

text: Katmai

text: National

text: Park

text: and

text: Preserve

text: is

text: United

text: States

text: National

text: Park

text: and

text: Preserve

text: in

text: southern

text: Alaska

text: notable

text: for

text: the

text: Valley

text: of

text: Ten

text: Thousand

text: Smokes

text: and

text: for

text: its

text: Alaskan

text: brown

text: bears

text: The

text: park

text: and

text: preserve

text: covers

text: being

text: roughly

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Wales

text: Most

text: of

text: this

text: is

text: designated

text: wilderness

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: national

text: park

text: where

text: all

text: hunting

text: is

text: banned

text: including

text: over

text: of

text: land

text: The

text: park

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Mount

text: Katmai

text: its

text: centerpiece

text: stratovolcano

text: The

text: park

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Peninsula

text: across

text: from

text: Kodiak

text: Island

text: with

text: headquarters

text: in

text: nearby

text: King

text: Salmon

text: about

text: southwest

text: of

text: Anchorage

text: The

text: area

text: was

text: first

text: designated

text: national

text: monument

text: in

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: area

text: around

text: the

text: major

text: volcanic

text: eruption

text: of

text: Novarupta

text: which

text: formed

text: the

text: Valley

text: of

text: Ten

text: Thousand

text: Smokes

text: pyroclastic

text: flow

text: The

text: park

text: includes

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: individual

text: volcanoes

text: seven

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: been

text: active

text: since

text: A diatreme, sometimes known as a maar-diatreme volcano, is a volcanic pipe formed by a gaseous explosion. When magma rises up through a crack in the Earth's crust and makes contact with a shallow body of ground water, rapid expansion of heated water vapor and volcanic gases can cause a series of explosions. A relatively shallow crater is left (known as a maar) and a rock filled fracture (the actual diatreme) in the Earth's crust. Diatremes breach the Earth's surface and produce a steep inverted cone shape.

text: diatreme

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: maar

text: diatreme

text: volcano

text: is

text: volcanic

text: pipe

text: formed

text: by

text: gaseous

text: explosion

text: When

text: magma

text: rises

text: up

text: through

text: crack

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: crust

text: and

text: makes

text: contact

text: with

text: shallow

text: body

text: of

text: ground

text: water

text: rapid

text: expansion

text: of

text: heated

text: water

text: vapor

text: and

text: volcanic

text: gases

text: can

text: cause

text: series

text: of

text: explosions

text: relatively

text: shallow

text: crater

text: is

text: left

text: known

text: as

text: maar

text: and

text: rock

text: filled

text: fracture

text: the

text: actual

text: diatreme

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: crust

text: Diatremes

text: breach

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: and

text: produce

text: steep

text: inverted

text: cone

text: shape

text: Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the products of phreatomagmatic eruptions contain juvenile (magmatic) clasts. It is common for a large explosive eruption to have magmatic and phreatomagmatic components.

text: Phreatomagmatic

text: eruptions

text: are

text: volcanic

text: eruptions

text: resulting

text: from

text: interaction

text: between

text: magma

text: and

text: water

text: They

text: differ

text: from

text: exclusively

text: magmatic

text: eruptions

text: and

text: phreatic

text: eruptions

text: Unlike

text: phreatic

text: eruptions

text: the

text: products

text: of

text: phreatomagmatic

text: eruptions

text: contain

text: juvenile

text: magmatic

text: clasts

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: for

text: large

text: explosive

text: eruption

text: to

text: have

text: magmatic

text: and

text: phreatomagmatic

text: components

text: The Aleutian Arc is a large volcanic arc in the U.S. state of Alaska. It consists of a number of active and dormant volcanoes that have formed as a result of subduction along the Aleutian Trench. Although taking its name from the Aleutian Islands, this term is a geologic grouping rather than a geographic one, and the Aleutian Arc extends through the Alaska Peninsula following the Aleutian Range to the Aleutian Islands.

text: The

text: Aleutian

text: Arc

text: is

text: large

text: volcanic

text: arc

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Alaska

text: It

text: consists

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: active

text: and

text: dormant

text: volcanoes

text: that

text: have

text: formed

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: subduction

text: along

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Trench

text: Although

text: taking

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Islands

text: this

text: term

text: is

text: geologic

text: grouping

text: rather

text: than

text: geographic

text: one

text: and

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Arc

text: extends

text: through

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Peninsula

text: following

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Range

text: to

text: the

text: Aleutian

text: Islands

text: An explosion is a rapid increase in volume and release of energy in an extreme manner, usually with the generation of high temperatures and the release of gases. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known as detonations and travel via supersonic shock waves. Subsonic explosions are created by low explosives through a slower burning process known as deflagration. When caused by a man-made device such as an exploding rocket or firework, the audible component of an explosion is referred to as its "report" (which can also be used as a verb, e.g., "the rocket reported loudly upon impact".)

text: An

text: explosion

text: is

text: rapid

text: increase

text: in

text: volume

text: and

text: release

text: of

text: energy

text: in

text: an

text: extreme

text: manner

text: usually

text: with

text: the

text: generation

text: of

text: high

text: temperatures

text: and

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: gases

text: Supersonic

text: explosions

text: created

text: by

text: high

text: explosives

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: detonations

text: and

text: travel

text: via

text: supersonic

text: shock

text: waves

text: Subsonic

text: explosions

text: are

text: created

text: by

text: low

text: explosives

text: through

text: slower

text: burning

text: process

text: known

text: as

text: deflagration

text: When

text: caused

text: by

text: man

text: made

text: device

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: exploding

text: rocket

text: or

text: firework

text: the

text: audible

text: component

text: of

text: an

text: explosion

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: its

text: report

text: which

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: as

text: verb

text: e.g.

text: the

text: rocket

text: reported

text: loudly

text: upon

text: impact

text: Magma (from Ancient Greek  ("mágma") meaning "thick unguent") is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solids that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals, dissolved gas and sometimes gas bubbles. Magma often collects in magma chambers that may feed a volcano or solidify underground to form an intrusion. Magma is capable of intruding into adjacent rocks (forming igneous dikes and sills), extrusion onto the surface as lava, and explosive ejection as tephra to form pyroclastic rock.

text: Magma

text: from

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: mágma

text: meaning

text: thick

text: unguent

text: is

text: mixture

text: of

text: molten

text: or

text: semi

text: molten

text: rock

text: volatiles

text: and

text: solids

text: that

text: is

text: found

text: beneath

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: and

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: exist

text: on

text: other

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: and

text: some

text: natural

text: satellites

text: Besides

text: molten

text: rock

text: magma

text: may

text: also

text: contain

text: suspended

text: crystals

text: dissolved

text: gas

text: and

text: sometimes

text: gas

text: bubbles

text: Magma

text: often

text: collects

text: in

text: magma

text: chambers

text: that

text: may

text: feed

text: volcano

text: or

text: solidify

text: underground

text: to

text: form

text: an

text: intrusion

text: Magma

text: is

text: capable

text: of

text: intruding

text: into

text: adjacent

text: rocks

text: forming

text: igneous

text: dikes

text: and

text: sills

text: extrusion

text: onto

text: the

text: surface

text: as

text: lava

text: and

text: explosive

text: ejection

text: as

text: tephra

text: to

text: form

text: pyroclastic

text: rock

text: A volcanic crater is a roughly circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature within which occurs a vent or vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a tube-shaped conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava. A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions, a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger crater known as a caldera.

text: volcanic

text: crater

text: is

text: roughly

text: circular

text: depression

text: in

text: the

text: ground

text: caused

text: by

text: volcanic

text: activity

text: It

text: is

text: typically

text: bowl

text: shaped

text: feature

text: within

text: which

text: occurs

text: vent

text: or

text: vents

text: During

text: volcanic

text: eruptions

text: molten

text: magma

text: and

text: volcanic

text: gases

text: rise

text: from

text: an

text: underground

text: magma

text: chamber

text: through

text: tube

text: shaped

text: conduit

text: until

text: they

text: reach

text: the

text: crater

text: 's

text: vent

text: from

text: where

text: the

text: gases

text: escape

text: into

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: and

text: the

text: magma

text: is

text: erupted

text: as

text: lava

text: volcanic

text: crater

text: can

text: be

text: of

text: large

text: dimensions

text: and

text: sometimes

text: of

text: great

text: depth

text: During

text: certain

text: types

text: of

text: explosive

text: eruptions

text: volcano

text: 's

text: magma

text: chamber

text: may

text: empty

text: enough

text: for

text: an

text: area

text: above

text: it

text: to

text: subside

text: forming

text: type

text: of

text: larger

text: crater

text: known

text: as

text: caldera

text: A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake which may also be called a maar. The name comes from a Moselle Franconian dialect word used for the circular lakes of the Daun area of Germany. Maars are shallow, flat-floored craters that scientists interpret as having formed above diatremes as a result of a violent expansion of magmatic gas or steam; deep erosion of a maar presumably would expose a diatreme. Maars range in size from across and from deep; most maars commonly fill with water to form natural lakes. Most maars have low rims composed of a mixture of loose fragments of volcanic rocks and rocks torn from the walls of the diatreme.

text: maar

text: is

text: broad

text: low

text: relief

text: volcanic

text: crater

text: caused

text: by

text: phreatomagmatic

text: eruption

text: an

text: explosion

text: which

text: occurs

text: when

text: groundwater

text: comes

text: into

text: contact

text: with

text: hot

text: lava

text: or

text: magma

text: maar

text: characteristically

text: fills

text: with

text: water

text: to

text: form

text: relatively

text: shallow

text: crater

text: lake

text: which

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: called

text: maar

text: The

text: name

text: comes

text: from

text: Moselle

text: Franconian

text: dialect

text: word

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: circular

text: lakes

text: of

text: the

text: Daun

text: area

text: of

text: Germany

text: Maars

text: are

text: shallow

text: flat

text: floored

text: craters

text: that

text: scientists

text: interpret

text: as

text: having

text: formed

text: above

text: diatremes

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: violent

text: expansion

text: of

text: magmatic

text: gas

text: or

text: steam

text: deep

text: erosion

text: of

text: maar

text: presumably

text: would

text: expose

text: diatreme

text: Maars

text: range

text: in

text: size

text: from

text: across

text: and

text: from

text: deep

text: most

text: maars

text: commonly

text: fill

text: with

text: water

text: to

text: form

text: natural

text: lakes

text: Most

text: maars

text: have

text: low

text: rims

text: composed

text: of

text: mixture

text: of

text: loose

text: fragments

text: of

text: volcanic

text: rocks

text: and

text: rocks

text: torn

text: from

text: the

text: walls

text: of

text: the

text: diatreme

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity ukinrek maars

answer: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska

text: alaska


text: The

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: It

text: extends

text: from

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: or

text: depending

text: on

text: definition

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Asia

text: and

text: Australia

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.

text: Wales

text: is

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Irish

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Bristol

text: Channel

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: had

text: population

text: in

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Wales

text: has

text: over

text: of

text: coastline

text: and

text: is

text: largely

text: mountainous

text: with

text: its

text: higher

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: central

text: areas

text: including

text: Snowdon

text: its

text: highest

text: summit

text: The

text: country

text: lies

text: within

text: the

text: north

text: temperate

text: zone

text: and

text: has

text: changeable

text: maritime

text: climate

text: The Coral Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific off the northeast coast of Australia, and classified as an interim Australian bioregion.

text: The

text: Coral

text: Sea

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: off

text: the

text: northeast

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: interim

text: Australian

text: bioregion

text: New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW) is a state on the east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. It has a coast line with the Tasman Sea on its east side. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. , the estimated population of New South Wales was 7.5 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two-thirds of the state's population, 4.67 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as "New South Welshmen".

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NSW

text: is

text: state

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: It

text: borders

text: Queensland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Victoria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: South

text: Australia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: has

text: coast

text: line

text: with

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: on

text: its

text: east

text: side

text: The

text: Australian

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: is

text: an

text: enclave

text: within

text: the

text: state

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sydney

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: the

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: was

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: Just

text: under

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: population

text: million

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Sydney

text: area

text: Inhabitants

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: New

text: South

text: Welshmen

text: Bauxite, an aluminium ore, is the world's main source of aluminium. It consists mostly of the minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)), boehmite (-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite and haematite, the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase (TiO) and ilmenite (FeTiO or FeO.TiO). In 1821 the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence, southern France. In 1861, French chemist Henri Sainte-Claire Deville named the mineral "bauxite".

text: Bauxite

text: an

text: aluminium

text: ore

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: main

text: source

text: of

text: aluminium

text: It

text: consists

text: mostly

text: of

text: the

text: minerals

text: gibbsite

text: Al(OH

text: boehmite

text: -AlO(OH

text: and

text: diaspore

text: -AlO(OH

text: mixed

text: with

text: the

text: two

text: iron

text: oxides

text: goethite

text: and

text: haematite

text: the

text: clay

text: mineral

text: kaolinite

text: and

text: small

text: amounts

text: of

text: anatase

text: TiO

text: and

text: ilmenite

text: FeTiO

text: or

text: FeO.TiO

text: In

text: the

text: French

text: geologist

text: Pierre

text: Berthier

text: discovered

text: bauxite

text: near

text: the

text: village

text: of

text: Les

text: Baux

text: in

text: Provence

text: southern

text: France

text: In

text: French

text: chemist

text: Henri

text: Sainte

text: Claire

text: Deville

text: named

text: the

text: mineral

text: bauxite

text: South Australia (abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories. It has a total of 1.7 million people, and its population is the most highly centralised of any state in Australia, with more than 75 percent of South Australians living in the capital, Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small.

text: South

text: Australia

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: SA

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: Australia

text: It

text: covers

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: arid

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: With

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: states

text: and

text: territories

text: It

text: has

text: total

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: its

text: population

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: highly

text: centralised

text: of

text: any

text: state

text: in

text: Australia

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: percent

text: of

text: South

text: Australians

text: living

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: Adelaide

text: or

text: its

text: environs

text: Other

text: population

text: centres

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: are

text: relatively

text: small

text: Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable (with half-lives of the six naturally known isotopes, uranium-233 to uranium-238, varying between 69 years and 4.5 billion years). The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238 (which has 146 neutrons and accounts for over 99%) and uranium-235 (which has 143 neutrons). Uranium has the highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite.

text: Uranium

text: is

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: symbol

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: It

text: is

text: silvery

text: white

text: metal

text: in

text: the

text: actinide

text: series

text: of

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: uranium

text: atom

text: has

text: protons

text: and

text: electrons

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: valence

text: electrons

text: Uranium

text: is

text: weakly

text: radioactive

text: because

text: all

text: its

text: isotopes

text: are

text: unstable

text: with

text: half

text: lives

text: of

text: the

text: six

text: naturally

text: known

text: isotopes

text: to

text: varying

text: between

text: years

text: and

text: billion

text: years

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: isotopes

text: in

text: natural

text: uranium

text: are

text: which

text: has

text: neutrons

text: and

text: accounts

text: for

text: over

text: and

text: which

text: has

text: neutrons

text: Uranium

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: atomic

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: primordially

text: occurring

text: elements

text: Its

text: density

text: is

text: about

text: higher

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: lead

text: and

text: slightly

text: lower

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: gold

text: or

text: tungsten

text: It

text: occurs

text: naturally

text: in

text: low

text: concentrations

text: of

text: few

text: parts

text: per

text: million

text: in

text: soil

text: rock

text: and

text: water

text: and

text: is

text: commercially

text: extracted

text: from

text: uranium

text: bearing

text: minerals

text: such

text: as

text: uraninite

text: Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of 2.3 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred on Brisbane, encompasses a population of more than 3.4 million. The Brisbane central business district stands on the original European settlement and is situated inside a bend of the Brisbane River, about from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the floodplain of the Brisbane River Valley between Moreton Bay and the Great Dividing Range, sprawling across several of Australia's most populous local government areas (LGAs), most centrally the City of Brisbane, which is by far the most populous LGA in the nation. The demonym of Brisbane is Brisbanite.

text: Brisbane

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: state

text: of

text: Queensland

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: Brisbane

text: 's

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: East

text: Queensland

text: urban

text: conurbation

text: centred

text: on

text: Brisbane

text: encompasses

text: population

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: The

text: Brisbane

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: stands

text: on

text: the

text: original

text: European

text: settlement

text: and

text: is

text: situated

text: inside

text: bend

text: of

text: the

text: Brisbane

text: River

text: about

text: from

text: its

text: mouth

text: at

text: Moreton

text: Bay

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: extends

text: in

text: all

text: directions

text: along

text: the

text: floodplain

text: of

text: the

text: Brisbane

text: River

text: Valley

text: between

text: Moreton

text: Bay

text: and

text: the

text: Great

text: Dividing

text: Range

text: sprawling

text: across

text: several

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: local

text: government

text: areas

text: LGAs

text: most

text: centrally

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Brisbane

text: which

text: is

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: LGA

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: The

text: demonym

text: of

text: Brisbane

text: is

text: Brisbanite

text: Rio Tinto Coal Australia ( RTCA ) is an Australian coal mining organisation , and is part of the worldwide Rio Tinto Group . In Queensland , RTCA operates the Blair Athol , Hail Creek , Kestrel and Clermont mines . In New South Wales , RTCA manages Coal & Allied 's operations at Mount Thorley Warkworth , Hunter Valley Operations and Bengalla .

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: Coal

text: Australia

text: RTCA

text: is

text: an

text: Australian

text: coal

text: mining

text: organisation

text: and

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: worldwide

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: Group

text: In

text: Queensland

text: RTCA

text: operates

text: the

text: Blair

text: Athol

text: Hail

text: Creek

text: Kestrel

text: and

text: Clermont

text: mines

text: In

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: RTCA

text: manages

text: Coal

text: Allied

text: 's

text: operations

text: at

text: Mount

text: Thorley

text: Warkworth

text: Hunter

text: Valley

text: Operations

text: and

text: Bengalla

text: The Tasman Sea (Mori: "Te Tai-o-Rehua") is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about across and about from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who was the first recorded European to encounter New Zealand and Tasmania. The British explorer Captain James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s as part of his first voyage of exploration.

text: The

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: Mori

text: Te

text: Tai

text: Rehua

text: is

text: marginal

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: situated

text: between

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: measures

text: about

text: across

text: and

text: about

text: from

text: north

text: to

text: south

text: The

text: sea

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Dutch

text: explorer

text: Abel

text: Janszoon

text: Tasman

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: recorded

text: European

text: to

text: encounter

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Tasmania

text: The

text: British

text: explorer

text: Captain

text: James

text: Cook

text: later

text: extensively

text: navigated

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: first

text: voyage

text: of

text: exploration

text:
Rio Tinto is a British-Australian multinational and one of the world's largest metals and mining corporations. The company was founded in 1873, when a multinational consortium of investors purchased a mine complex on the Rio Tinto, in Huelva, Spain, from the Spanish government. Since then, the company has grown through a long series of mergers and acquisitions to place itself among the world leaders in the production of many commodities, including aluminium, iron ore, copper, uranium, coal, and diamonds. Although primarily focused on extraction of minerals, Rio Tinto also has significant operations in refining, particularly for refining bauxite and iron ore. The company has operations on six continents, but is mainly concentrated in Australia and Canada, and owns its mining operations through a complex web of wholly and partly owned subsidiaries.
Rio Tinto has joint head offices in London (global and "plc") & Melbourne ("Limited" - Australia).

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: is

text: British

text: Australian

text: multinational

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: metals

text: and

text: mining

text: corporations

text: The

text: company

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: when

text: multinational

text: consortium

text: of

text: investors

text: purchased

text: mine

text: complex

text: on

text: the

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: in

text: Huelva

text: Spain

text: from

text: the

text: Spanish

text: government

text: Since

text: then

text: the

text: company

text: has

text: grown

text: through

text: long

text: series

text: of

text: mergers

text: and

text: acquisitions

text: to

text: place

text: itself

text: among

text: the

text: world

text: leaders

text: in

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: many

text: commodities

text: including

text: aluminium

text: iron

text: ore

text: copper

text: uranium

text: coal

text: and

text: diamonds

text: Although

text: primarily

text: focused

text: on

text: extraction

text: of

text: minerals

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: also

text: has

text: significant

text: operations

text: in

text: refining

text: particularly

text: for

text: refining

text: bauxite

text: and

text: iron

text: ore

text: The

text: company

text: has

text: operations

text: on

text: six

text: continents

text: but

text: is

text: mainly

text: concentrated

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: Canada

text: and

text: owns

text: its

text: mining

text: operations

text: through

text: complex

text: web

text: of

text: wholly

text: and

text: partly

text: owned

text: subsidiaries

text: Rio

text: Tinto

text: has

text: joint

text: head

text: offices

text: in

text: London

text: global

text: and

text: plc

text: Melbourne

text: Limited

text: Australia

text: Queensland (abbreviated as QLD) is the second-largest and third-most-populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the north-east of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. Queensland has a population of 4,750,500, concentrated along the coast and particularly in the state's South East. The state is the world's sixth largest sub-national entity, with an area of 1,852,642 km. The capital and largest city in the state is Brisbane, Australia's third largest city. Often referred to as the "Sunshine State", Queensland is home to 10 of Australia's 30 largest cities and is the nation's third largest economy. Tourism in the state, fuelled largely by its warm tropical climate, is a major industry.

text: Queensland

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: QLD

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: Situated

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Northern

text: Territory

text: South

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: south

text: west

text: and

text: south

text: respectively

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: Queensland

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Coral

text: Sea

text: and

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: Queensland

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: concentrated

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: and

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: South

text: East

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: sub

text: national

text: entity

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: km

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: Brisbane

text: Australia

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: city

text: Often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Sunshine

text: State

text: Queensland

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: largest

text: cities

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: economy

text: Tourism

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: fuelled

text: largely

text: by

text: its

text: warm

text: tropical

text: climate

text: is

text: major

text: industry

text: The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (formerly, "The Territory for the Seat of Government" and, later, the "Federal Capital Territory") is the federal district in the south east of Australia, enclaved within New South Wales. Its only city is Canberra, the capital city of Australia.

text: The

text: Australian

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: ACT

text: formerly

text: The

text: Territory

text: for

text: the

text: Seat

text: of

text: Government

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: Federal

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: is

text: the

text: federal

text: district

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: Australia

text: enclaved

text: within

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Its

text: only

text: city

text: is

text: Canberra

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Australia

text: Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour, and sprawls towards the Blue Mountains to the west. Residents of Sydney are known as "Sydneysiders". Sydney is the second official seat and second official residence of the Governor-General of Australia and the Prime Minister of Australia and many federal ministries maintain substantial presences in Sydney.

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: Oceania

text: Located

text: on

text: Australia

text: 's

text: east

text: coast

text: the

text: metropolis

text: surrounds

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: natural

text: harbour

text: and

text: sprawls

text: towards

text: the

text: Blue

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Residents

text: of

text: Sydney

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: Sydneysiders

text: Sydney

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: official

text: seat

text: and

text: second

text: official

text: residence

text: of

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: many

text: federal

text: ministries

text: maintain

text: substantial

text: presences

text: in

text: Sydney

text: Melbourne is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in Australia. The name "Melbourne" refers to an urban agglomeration spanning which comprises the broader metropolitan area, as well as being the common name for its city centre. The metropolis is located on the large natural bay of Port Phillip and expands into the hinterlands towards the Dandenong and Macedon mountain ranges, Mornington Peninsula and Yarra Valley. Melbourne consists of 31 municipalities. It has a population of 4,529,500 , and its inhabitants are called Melburnians.

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: state

text: of

text: Victoria

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Australia

text: The

text: name

text: Melbourne

text: refers

text: to

text: an

text: urban

text: agglomeration

text: spanning

text: which

text: comprises

text: the

text: broader

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: common

text: name

text: for

text: its

text: city

text: centre

text: The

text: metropolis

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: large

text: natural

text: bay

text: of

text: Port

text: Phillip

text: and

text: expands

text: into

text: the

text: hinterlands

text: towards

text: the

text: Dandenong

text: and

text: Macedon

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: Mornington

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: Yarra

text: Valley

text: Melbourne

text: consists

text: of

text: municipalities

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: and

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: are

text: called

text: Melburnians

text: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large areaover , making it the third largest Australian federal divisionit is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.

text: The

text: Northern

text: Territory

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: NT

text: is

text: federal

text: Australian

text: territory

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: and

text: central

text: northern

text: regions

text: of

text: Australia

text: It

text: shares

text: borders

text: with

text: Western

text: Australia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: meridian

text: east

text: South

text: Australia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: parallel

text: south

text: and

text: Queensland

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: meridian

text: east

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: territory

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Timor

text: Sea

text: the

text: Arafura

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Carpentaria

text: Despite

text: its

text: large

text: areaover

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: Australian

text: federal

text: divisionit

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: The

text: Northern

text: Territory

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: least

text: populous

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: eight

text: major

text: states

text: and

text: territories

text: having

text: fewer

text: than

text: half

text: as

text: many

text: people

text: as

text: Tasmania

text: London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: historically

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: which

text: today

text: largely

text: makes

text: up

text: Greater

text: London

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly

annotations: likely single

question: headquarters_location rio tinto coal australia

answer: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane

text: brisbane


text: Odyssey Re Holdings Corp. headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut, United States, is an underwriter of property and casualty treaty and facultative reinsurance, as well as specialty insurance. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Fairfax Financial, a financial services holding company. OdysseyRe operates through four divisions: Americas, EuroAsia, London Market and US Insurance. OdysseyRe offers a range of property, casualty, surety and credit, marine and energy, aviation and space reinsurance products from offices around the world.

text: Odyssey

text: Re

text: Holdings

text: Corp.

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Stamford

text: Connecticut

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: an

text: underwriter

text: of

text: property

text: and

text: casualty

text: treaty

text: and

text: facultative

text: reinsurance

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: specialty

text: insurance

text: It

text: is

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Fairfax

text: Financial

text: financial

text: services

text: holding

text: company

text: OdysseyRe

text: operates

text: through

text: four

text: divisions

text: Americas

text: EuroAsia

text: London

text: Market

text: and

text: US

text: Insurance

text: OdysseyRe

text: offers

text: range

text: of

text: property

text: casualty

text: surety

text: and

text: credit

text: marine

text: and

text: energy

text: aviation

text: and

text: space

text: reinsurance

text: products

text: from

text: offices

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: Fairfax Financial is a financial holding company based in Toronto, Ontario, which is engaged in property, casualty, and life insurance and reinsurance, investment management, and insurance claims management. The company operates primarily through several subsidiaries, including Odyssey Re, Northbridge Financial, Crum & Forster and Zenith Insurance Company.

text: Fairfax

text: Financial

text: is

text: financial

text: holding

text: company

text: based

text: in

text: Toronto

text: Ontario

text: which

text: is

text: engaged

text: in

text: property

text: casualty

text: and

text: life

text: insurance

text: and

text: reinsurance

text: investment

text: management

text: and

text: insurance

text: claims

text: management

text: The

text: company

text: operates

text: primarily

text: through

text: several

text: subsidiaries

text: including

text: Odyssey

text: Re

text: Northbridge

text: Financial

text: Crum

text: Forster

text: and

text: Zenith

text: Insurance

text: Company

text:
Zenith Insurance Company is a US insurance company headquartered in California specializing in workers' compensation insurance. It has been an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Canadian Fairfax Financial since 2010.
Zenith operates nationally in the workers' compensation insurance business and conducts business through independent agencies and brokers.

text: Zenith

text: Insurance

text: Company

text: is

text: US

text: insurance

text: company

text: headquartered

text: in

text: California

text: specializing

text: in

text: workers

text: compensation

text: insurance

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: indirect

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Canadian

text: Fairfax

text: Financial

text: since

text: Zenith

text: operates

text: nationally

text: in

text: the

text: workers

text: compensation

text: insurance

text: business

text: and

text: conducts

text: business

text: through

text: independent

text: agencies

text: and

text: brokers

text: Brit is an international general insurance and reinsurance group specialising in commercial insurance . It was acquired by Fairfax Financial in May 2015 .

text: Brit

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: general

text: insurance

text: and

text: reinsurance

text: group

text: specialising

text: in

text: commercial

text: insurance

text: It

text: was

text: acquired

text: by

text: Fairfax

text: Financial

text: in

text: May

text: Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.

text: Toronto

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Canada

text: the

text: provincial

text: capital

text: of

text: Ontario

text: and

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Toronto

text: Area

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: Canada

text: Growing

text: in

text: population

text: the

text: census

text: recorded

text: population

text: of

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: making

text: Toronto

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: population

text: within

text: its

text: city

text: limits

text: Toronto

text: trails

text: only

text: Mexico

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: by

text: this

text: measure

text: while

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: behind

text: also

text: Chicago

text: if

text: ranked

text: by

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: An

text: established

text: global

text: city

text: Toronto

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: centre

text: of

text: business

text: finance

text: arts

text: and

text: culture

text: and

text: widely

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: multicultural

text: and

text: cosmopolitan

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province by a large margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians, and is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto.

text: Ontario

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: provinces

text: and

text: territories

text: of

text: Canada

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: east

text: central

text: Canada

text: It

text: is

text: Canada

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: province

text: by

text: large

text: margin

text: accounting

text: for

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: all

text: Canadians

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: province

text: in

text: total

text: area

text: Ontario

text: is

text: fourth

text: largest

text: in

text: total

text: area

text: when

text: the

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: and

text: Nunavut

text: are

text: included

text: It

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: Ottawa

text: and

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: Toronto

question: headquarters_location brit plc

answer: london

text: london