text: The Universe is all of time and space and its contents. It includes planets, moons, minor planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, and all matter and energy. The size of the entire Universe is unknown.

text: The

text: Universe

text: is

text: all

text: of

text: time

text: and

text: space

text: and

text: its

text: contents

text: It

text: includes

text: planets

text: moons

text: minor

text: planets

text: stars

text: galaxies

text: the

text: contents

text: of

text: intergalactic

text: space

text: and

text: all

text: matter

text: and

text: energy

text: The

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: Universe

text: is

text: unknown

text: Physical cosmology is the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed us to understand those physical laws. Physical cosmology, as it is now understood, began with the development in 1915 of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, followed by major observational discoveries in the 1920s: first, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe contains a huge number of external galaxies beyond our own Milky Way; then, work by Vesto Slipher and others showed that the universe is expanding. These advances made it possible to speculate about the origin of the universe, and allowed the establishment of the Big Bang Theory, by Georges Lemaitre, as the leading cosmological model. A few researchers still advocate a handful of alternative cosmologies; however, most cosmologists agree that the Big Bang theory explains the observations better.

text: Physical

text: cosmology

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: scale

text: structures

text: and

text: dynamics

text: of

text: the

text: Universe

text: and

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: fundamental

text: questions

text: about

text: its

text: origin

text: structure

text: evolution

text: and

text: ultimate

text: fate

text: Cosmology

text: as

text: science

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: Copernican

text: principle

text: which

text: implies

text: that

text: celestial

text: bodies

text: obey

text: identical

text: physical

text: laws

text: to

text: those

text: on

text: Earth

text: and

text: Newtonian

text: mechanics

text: which

text: first

text: allowed

text: us

text: to

text: understand

text: those

text: physical

text: laws

text: Physical

text: cosmology

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: understood

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: development

text: in

text: of

text: Albert

text: Einstein

text: 's

text: general

text: theory

text: of

text: relativity

text: followed

text: by

text: major

text: observational

text: discoveries

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Edwin

text: Hubble

text: discovered

text: that

text: the

text: universe

text: contains

text: huge

text: number

text: of

text: external

text: galaxies

text: beyond

text: our

text: own

text: Milky

text: Way

text: then

text: work

text: by

text: Vesto

text: Slipher

text: and

text: others

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: universe

text: is

text: expanding

text: These

text: advances

text: made

text: it

text: possible

text: to

text: speculate

text: about

text: the

text: origin

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: and

text: allowed

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Bang

text: Theory

text: by

text: Georges

text: Lemaitre

text: as

text: the

text: leading

text: cosmological

text: model

text: few

text: researchers

text: still

text: advocate

text: handful

text: of

text: alternative

text: cosmologies

text: however

text: most

text: cosmologists

text: agree

text: that

text: the

text: Big

text: Bang

text: theory

text: explains

text: the

text: observations

text: better

text: Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena. It applies mathematics, physics, and chemistry, in an effort to explain the origin of those objects and phenomena and their evolution. Objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, galaxies, and comets; while the phenomena include supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, and cosmic microwave background radiation. More generally, all astronomical phenomena that originate outside Earth's atmosphere are within the purview of astronomy. A related but distinct subject, physical cosmology, is concerned with the study of the Universe as a whole.

text: Astronomy

text: is

text: natural

text: science

text: that

text: studies

text: celestial

text: objects

text: and

text: phenomena

text: It

text: applies

text: mathematics

text: physics

text: and

text: chemistry

text: in

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: explain

text: the

text: origin

text: of

text: those

text: objects

text: and

text: phenomena

text: and

text: their

text: evolution

text: Objects

text: of

text: interest

text: include

text: planets

text: moons

text: stars

text: galaxies

text: and

text: comets

text: while

text: the

text: phenomena

text: include

text: supernovae

text: explosions

text: gamma

text: ray

text: bursts

text: and

text: cosmic

text: microwave

text: background

text: radiation

text: More

text: generally

text: all

text: astronomical

text: phenomena

text: that

text: originate

text: outside

text: Earth

text: 's

text: atmosphere

text: are

text: within

text: the

text: purview

text: of

text: astronomy

text: related

text: but

text: distinct

text: subject

text: physical

text: cosmology

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Universe

text: as

text: whole

text: Kaliningrad Oblast ("Kaliningradskaya oblast") is a federal subject of the Russian Federation that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea. As an oblast, its constitutional status is equal to each of the other 84 federal subjects. Its administrative center is the city of Kaliningrad, formerly known as Königsberg. It is the only Baltic port in the Russian Federation that remains ice-free in winter. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 941,873.

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Kaliningradskaya

text: oblast

text: is

text: federal

text: subject

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: that

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: As

text: an

text: oblast

text: its

text: constitutional

text: status

text: is

text: equal

text: to

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: federal

text: subjects

text: Its

text: administrative

text: center

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kaliningrad

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Königsberg

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: Baltic

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: that

text: remains

text: ice

text: free

text: in

text: winter

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: it

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the world have a unitary system of government. Of the 193 UN member states, 165 of them are governed as unitary states.

text: unitary

text: state

text: is

text: state

text: governed

text: as

text: single

text: power

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: is

text: ultimately

text: supreme

text: and

text: any

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: sub

text: national

text: units

text: exercise

text: only

text: the

text: powers

text: that

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: chooses

text: to

text: delegate

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: unitary

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: Of

text: the

text: UN

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: them

text: are

text: governed

text: as

text: unitary

text: states

text: Kazimierz Kordylewski ( born 11 October 1903 in Posen - 11 March 1981 in Kraków , Poland ) was a Polish astronomer . In 1956 he claimed the discovery of the Kordylewski clouds which are believed to be large transient concentrations of dust at the Trojan points of the Earth - Moon system . The existence of the clouds is still contested . He studied ad Posen University and Jagiellonian University with a PhD in 1932 .

text: Kazimierz

text: Kordylewski

text: born

text: October

text: in

text: Posen

text: March

text: in

text: Kraków

text: Poland

text: was

text: Polish

text: astronomer

text: In

text: he

text: claimed

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: the

text: Kordylewski

text: clouds

text: which

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: large

text: transient

text: concentrations

text: of

text: dust

text: at

text: the

text: Trojan

text: points

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: Moon

text: system

text: The

text: existence

text: of

text: the

text: clouds

text: is

text: still

text: contested

text: He

text: studied

text: ad

text: Posen

text: University

text: and

text: Jagiellonian

text: University

text: with

text: PhD

text: in

text: An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside of the scope of Earth. They look at stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies, as well as many other celestial objects  either in observational astronomy, in analyzing the data or in theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers work on include: planetary science, solar astronomy, the origin or evolution of stars, or the formation of galaxies. There are also related but distinct subjects like physical cosmology which studies the Universe as a whole.

text: An

text: astronomer

text: is

text: scientist

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: astronomy

text: who

text: concentrates

text: their

text: studies

text: on

text: specific

text: question

text: or

text: field

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: Earth

text: They

text: look

text: at

text: stars

text: planets

text: moons

text: comets

text: and

text: galaxies

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: other

text: celestial

text: objects

text: either

text: in

text: observational

text: astronomy

text: in

text: analyzing

text: the

text: data

text: or

text: in

text: theoretical

text: astronomy

text: Examples

text: of

text: topics

text: or

text: fields

text: astronomers

text: work

text: on

text: include

text: planetary

text: science

text: solar

text: astronomy

text: the

text: origin

text: or

text: evolution

text: of

text: stars

text: or

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: galaxies

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: related

text: but

text: distinct

text: subjects

text: like

text: physical

text: cosmology

text: which

text: studies

text: the

text: Universe

text: as

text: whole

text: Kraków, also Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life and is one of Poland's most important economic hubs. It was the capital of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1038 to 1569; the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1795; the Free City of Kraków from 1815 to 1846; the Grand Duchy of Cracow from 1846 to 1918; and Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1998. It has been the capital of Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999.

text: Kraków

text: also

text: Cracow

text: or

text: Krakow

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: cities

text: in

text: Poland

text: Situated

text: on

text: the

text: Vistula

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: region

text: the

text: city

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: Kraków

text: has

text: traditionally

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: centres

text: of

text: Polish

text: academic

text: cultural

text: and

text: artistic

text: life

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Poland

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: economic

text: hubs

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Kraków

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Cracow

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: Kraków

text: Voivodeship

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: since

text: Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

text: Ukraine

text: tr

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: northeast

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Poland

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Hungary

text: Romania

text: and

text: Moldova

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: and

text: Sea

text: of

text: Azov

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: respectively

text: Ukraine

text: is

text: currently

text: in

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: Russia

text: over

text: the

text: Crimean

text: Peninsula

text: which

text: Russia

text: annexed

text: in

text: but

text: which

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: recognise

text: as

text: Ukrainian

text: Including

text: Crimea

text: Ukraine

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: entirely

text: within

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

text: Lithuania

text: UK

text: and

text: US

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Northern

text: Europe

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Baltic

text: states

text: it

text: is

text: situated

text: along

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Denmark

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Lithuania

text: has

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Vilnius

text: Lithuanians

text: are

text: Baltic

text: people

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: Lithuanian

text: along

text: with

text: Latvian

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: living

text: languages

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: The Grand Duchy of Cracow was created after the incorporation of the Free City of Cracow into Austria on November 16, 1846. The title of Grand Duke of Cracow was just a part of the official titulary of the Emperor of Austria in 18461918.

text: The

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Cracow

text: was

text: created

text: after

text: the

text: incorporation

text: of

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Cracow

text: into

text: Austria

text: on

text: November

text: The

text: title

text: of

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Cracow

text: was

text: just

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: official

text: titulary

text: of

text: the

text: Emperor

text: of

text: Austria

text: in

text: The Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Kraków (Cracow) with its Territory, more commonly known as either the Free City of Kraków or Republic of Kraków, was a city republic created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included the city of Kraków and its surrounding areas. It was controlled by its three neighbours (Russia, Prussia, and Austria). It was a center of agitation for an independent Poland. In 1846, in the aftermath of the unsuccessful Kraków Uprising, it was annexed by the Austrian Empire. It was a remnant of the Duchy of Warsaw, which was partitioned between the three states in 1815. It was an overwhelmingly Polish-speaking city-state; of its population 85% were Catholics, 14% were Jews while other religions comprised less than 1%. The city of Kraków itself had a Jewish population reaching nearly 40%, while the rest were almost exclusively Polish-speaking Catholics.

text: The

text: Free

text: Independent

text: and

text: Strictly

text: Neutral

text: City

text: of

text: Kraków

text: Cracow

text: with

text: its

text: Territory

text: more

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: either

text: the

text: Free

text: City

text: of

text: Kraków

text: or

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kraków

text: was

text: city

text: republic

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Vienna

text: in

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kraków

text: and

text: its

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: It

text: was

text: controlled

text: by

text: its

text: three

text: neighbours

text: Russia

text: Prussia

text: and

text: Austria

text: It

text: was

text: center

text: of

text: agitation

text: for

text: an

text: independent

text: Poland

text: In

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: the

text: unsuccessful

text: Kraków

text: Uprising

text: it

text: was

text: annexed

text: by

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Empire

text: It

text: was

text: remnant

text: of

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Warsaw

text: which

text: was

text: partitioned

text: between

text: the

text: three

text: states

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: an

text: overwhelmingly

text: Polish

text: speaking

text: city

text: state

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: were

text: Catholics

text: were

text: Jews

text: while

text: other

text: religions

text: comprised

text: less

text: than

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Kraków

text: itself

text: had

text: Jewish

text: population

text: reaching

text: nearly

text: while

text: the

text: rest

text: were

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: Polish

text: speaking

text: Catholics

text: Earth, otherwise known as the world, is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.

text: Earth

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: planet

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: object

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: known

text: to

text: harbor

text: life

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: densest

text: planet

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to evolve gasses, a process called outgassing. This produces a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind acting upon the nucleus of the comet. Comet nuclei range from a few hundred metres to tens of kilometres across and are composed of loose collections of ice, dust, and small rocky particles. The coma may be up to 15 times the Earth's diameter, while the tail may stretch one astronomical unit. If sufficiently bright, a comet may be seen from the Earth without the aid of a telescope and may subtend an arc of 30° (60 Moons) across the sky. Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many cultures.

text: comet

text: is

text: an

text: icy

text: small

text: Solar

text: System

text: body

text: that

text: when

text: passing

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: Sun

text: warms

text: and

text: begins

text: to

text: evolve

text: gasses

text: process

text: called

text: outgassing

text: This

text: produces

text: visible

text: atmosphere

text: or

text: coma

text: and

text: sometimes

text: also

text: tail

text: These

text: phenomena

text: are

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: solar

text: radiation

text: and

text: the

text: solar

text: wind

text: acting

text: upon

text: the

text: nucleus

text: of

text: the

text: comet

text: Comet

text: nuclei

text: range

text: from

text: few

text: hundred

text: metres

text: to

text: tens

text: of

text: kilometres

text: across

text: and

text: are

text: composed

text: of

text: loose

text: collections

text: of

text: ice

text: dust

text: and

text: small

text: rocky

text: particles

text: The

text: coma

text: may

text: be

text: up

text: to

text: times

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: diameter

text: while

text: the

text: tail

text: may

text: stretch

text: one

text: astronomical

text: unit

text: If

text: sufficiently

text: bright

text: comet

text: may

text: be

text: seen

text: from

text: the

text: Earth

text: without

text: the

text: aid

text: of

text: telescope

text: and

text: may

text: subtend

text: an

text: arc

text: of

text: Moons

text: across

text: the

text: sky

text: Comets

text: have

text: been

text: observed

text: and

text: recorded

text: since

text: ancient

text: times

text: by

text: many

text: cultures

text: Observational astronomy is a division of the astronomical science that is concerned with recording data, in contrast with theoretical astrophysics, which is mainly concerned with finding out the measurable implications of physical models. It is the practice of observing celestial objects by using telescopes and other astronomical apparatus.

text: Observational

text: astronomy

text: is

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: astronomical

text: science

text: that

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: recording

text: data

text: in

text: contrast

text: with

text: theoretical

text: astrophysics

text: which

text: is

text: mainly

text: concerned

text: with

text: finding

text: out

text: the

text: measurable

text: implications

text: of

text: physical

text: models

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: observing

text: celestial

text: objects

text: by

text: using

text: telescopes

text: and

text: other

text: astronomical

text: apparatus

text:
Kraków Voivodeship, refers to several historical Voivodeships of Poland in the surrounding regions, with the city of Kraków as its capital.
1975-1998.
Kraków Voivodeship 1975-1998 also named (197584) Kraków Metropolitan Voivodeship ("") was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 19751998, superseded by Lesser Poland Voivodeship. President of the Kraków City was also the voivodeship governor.

text: Kraków

text: Voivodeship

text: refers

text: to

text: several

text: historical

text: Voivodeships

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: the

text: surrounding

text: regions

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kraków

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: Kraków

text: Voivodeship

text: also

text: named

text: Kraków

text: Metropolitan

text: Voivodeship

text: was

text: unit

text: of

text: administrative

text: division

text: and

text: local

text: government

text: in

text: Poland

text: in

text: years

text: superseded

text: by

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Kraków

text: City

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: voivodeship

text: governor

text: Pozna (known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region. It is best known for its renaissance Old Town, destroyed during World War II and then rebuilt, and Ostrów Tumski Cathedral. Today, Pozna is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Jarmark witojaski, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect.

text: Pozna

text: known

text: also

text: by

text: other

text: historical

text: names

text: is

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Warta

text: river

text: in

text: west

text: central

text: Poland

text: in

text: the

text: Greater

text: Poland

text: region

text: It

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: renaissance

text: Old

text: Town

text: destroyed

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: then

text: rebuilt

text: and

text: Ostrów

text: Tumski

text: Cathedral

text: Today

text: Pozna

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: and

text: business

text: centre

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: Poland

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: regions

text: with

text: many

text: regional

text: customs

text: such

text: as

text: Jarmark

text: witojaski

text: traditional

text: Saint

text: Martin

text: 's

text: croissants

text: and

text: local

text: dialect

text: The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a mountain range system forming an arc roughly long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the second-longest mountain range in Europe (after the Scandinavian Mountains).

text: The

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: or

text: Carpathians

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: system

text: forming

text: an

text: arc

text: roughly

text: long

text: across

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: making

text: them

text: the

text: second

text: longest

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Europe

text: after

text: the

text: Scandinavian

text: Mountains

text: Szczecin (German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811.

text: Szczecin

text: German

text: and

text: known

text: also

text: by

text: other

text: alternative

text: names

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: Pomeranian

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: Poland

text: Located

text: near

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: it

text: is

text: major

text: seaport

text: and

text: Poland

text: 's

text: seventh

text: largest

text: city

text: As

text: of

text: June

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.

text: Poland

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: situated

text: between

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: two

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: the

text: Sudetes

text: and

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Belarus

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Russian

text: exclave

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: The

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: Poland

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: With

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: Poland

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Poland

text: is

text: unitary

text: state

text: divided

text: into

text: administrative

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Warsaw

text: Other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Kraków

text: Wrocaw

text: Pozna

text: Gdask

text: and

text: Szczecin

text: The Baltic Sea (  ; ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gdask. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of Øresund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.

text: The

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: is

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: enclosed

text: by

text: Scandinavia

text: Finland

text: the

text: Baltic

text: countries

text: and

text: the

text: North

text: European

text: Plain

text: It

text: includes

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bothnia

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Finland

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Riga

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Gdask

text: The

text: sea

text: stretches

text: from

text: to

text: latitude

text: and

text: from

text: to

text: longitude

text: mediterranean

text: sea

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: with

text: limited

text: water

text: exchange

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: bodies

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: drains

text: through

text: the

text: Danish

text: islands

text: into

text: the

text: Kattegat

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: the

text: straits

text: of

text: Øresund

text: the

text: Great

text: Belt

text: and

text: the

text: Little

text: Belt

text: Gdask (German: ) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast. It is the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and is also the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.

text: Gdask

text: German

text: is

text: Polish

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: Baltic

text: coast

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Pomeranian

text: Voivodeship

text: Poland

text: 's

text: principal

text: seaport

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Theoretical astronomy is the use of the analytical models of physics and chemistry to describe astronomical objects and astronomical phenomena.

text: Theoretical

text: astronomy

text: is

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: analytical

text: models

text: of

text: physics

text: and

text: chemistry

text: to

text: describe

text: astronomical

text: objects

text: and

text: astronomical

text: phenomena

text: The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: short

text: name

text: Czechia

text: is

text: nation

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Germany

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: mostly

text: temperate

text: continental

text: climate

text: and

text: oceanic

text: climate

text: It

text: is

text: unitary

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: has

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Prague

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: residents

text: The

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: includes

text: the

text: historical

text: territories

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Czech

text: Silesia

text: The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: is

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: union

text: of

text: member

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: The

text: EU

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: internal

text: single

text: market

text: through

text: standardised

text: system

text: of

text: laws

text: that

text: apply

text: in

text: all

text: member

text: states

text: EU

text: policies

text: aim

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: goods

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: within

text: the

text: internal

text: market

text: enact

text: legislation

text: in

text: justice

text: and

text: home

text: affairs

text: and

text: maintain

text: common

text: policies

text: on

text: trade

text: agriculture

text: fisheries

text: and

text: regional

text: development

text: Within

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Area

text: passport

text: controls

text: have

text: been

text: abolished

text: monetary

text: union

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: came

text: into

text: full

text: force

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: which

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: currency

text:
A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that
The term "planet" is ancient, with ties to history, astrology, science, mythology, and religion. Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye. These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain "planets" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta (each an object in the solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first trans-Neptunian object discovered), that were once considered planets by the scientific community, are no longer viewed as such.

text: planet

text: is

text: an

text: astronomical

text: body

text: orbiting

text: star

text: or

text: stellar

text: remnant

text: that

text: The

text: term

text: planet

text: is

text: ancient

text: with

text: ties

text: to

text: history

text: astrology

text: science

text: mythology

text: and

text: religion

text: Several

text: planets

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: with

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: These

text: were

text: regarded

text: by

text: many

text: early

text: cultures

text: as

text: divine

text: or

text: as

text: emissaries

text: of

text: deities

text: As

text: scientific

text: knowledge

text: advanced

text: human

text: perception

text: of

text: the

text: planets

text: changed

text: incorporating

text: number

text: of

text: disparate

text: objects

text: In

text: the

text: International

text: Astronomical

text: Union

text: IAU

text: officially

text: adopted

text: resolution

text: defining

text: planets

text: within

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: This

text: definition

text: is

text: controversial

text: because

text: it

text: excludes

text: many

text: objects

text: of

text: planetary

text: mass

text: based

text: on

text: where

text: or

text: what

text: they

text: orbit

text: Although

text: eight

text: of

text: the

text: planetary

text: bodies

text: discovered

text: before

text: remain

text: planets

text: under

text: the

text: modern

text: definition

text: some

text: celestial

text: bodies

text: such

text: as

text: Ceres

text: Pallas

text: Juno

text: and

text: Vesta

text: each

text: an

text: object

text: in

text: the

text: solar

text: asteroid

text: belt

text: and

text: Pluto

text: the

text: first

text: trans

text: Neptunian

text: object

text: discovered

text: that

text: were

text: once

text: considered

text: planets

text: by

text: the

text: scientific

text: community

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: viewed

text: as

text: such

text: Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.

text: Slovakia

text: officially

text: the

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: Austria

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Hungary

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Slovakia

text: 's

text: territory

text: spans

text: about

text: and

text: is

text: mostly

text: mountainous

text: The

text: population

text: is

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: comprises

text: mostly

text: ethnic

text: Slovaks

text: The

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Bratislava

text: The

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: Slovak

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Slavic

text: language

text: family

text: Lesser Poland Voivodeship (in Polish, "województwo maopolskie" ), also known as "Maopolska Voivodeship" or "Maopolska Province", is a voivodeship (province), in southern Poland. It has an area of , and a population of 3,267,731 (2006).

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: Voivodeship

text: in

text: Polish

text: województwo

text: maopolskie

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Maopolska

text: Voivodeship

text: or

text: Maopolska

text: Province

text: is

text: voivodeship

text: province

text: in

text: southern

text: Poland

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: of

text: Lesser Poland (Polish: "Maopolska", Latin: "Polonia Minor") is a historical region ("dzielnica") of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków.

text: Lesser

text: Poland

text: Polish

text: Maopolska

text: Latin

text: Polonia

text: Minor

text: is

text: historical

text: region

text: dzielnica

text: of

text: Poland

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kraków

text: Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire.

text: Belarus

text: lat

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Belarus

text: formerly

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: Russian

text: name

text: Byelorussia

text: though

text: this

text: name

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: used

text: in

text: Belarus

text: itself

text: even

text: in

text: Russian

text: language

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: bordered

text: by

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: Ukraine

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Poland

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Its

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Minsk

text: Over

text: of

text: its

text: is

text: forested

text: Its

text: strongest

text: economic

text: sectors

text: are

text: service

text: industries

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: different

text: states

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: controlled

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Belarus

text: including

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: to

text: centuries

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: the

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: and

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: Wrocaw (, ; ) is the largest city in western Poland. It is on the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly 350 kilometres (220 mi) from the Baltic Sea to the north and 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Sudeten Mountains to the south. Wrocaw is the historical capital of Silesia and Lower Silesia. Today, it is the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. At various times in history, it has been part of the Kingdom of Poland, Bohemia, Hungary, the Austrian Empire, Prussia and Germany. It became part of Poland in 1945, as a result of the border changes after the Second World War. The population of Wrocaw in 2016 was 637,075 making it the fourth-largest city in Poland and the main city of Wrocaw agglomeration.

text: Wrocaw

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: western

text: Poland

text: It

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Oder

text: in

text: the

text: Silesian

text: Lowlands

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: roughly

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: Sudeten

text: Mountains

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Wrocaw

text: is

text: the

text: historical

text: capital

text: of

text: Silesia

text: and

text: Lower

text: Silesia

text: Today

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Lower

text: Silesian

text: Voivodeship

text: At

text: various

text: times

text: in

text: history

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: Bohemia

text: Hungary

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Empire

text: Prussia

text: and

text: Germany

text: It

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: as

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: border

text: changes

text: after

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: Wrocaw

text: in

text: was

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: main

text: city

text: of

text: Wrocaw

text: agglomeration

text: The PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, formally the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after 1791 the Commonwealth of Poland, was a dualistic state, a bi-confederation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch, who was both the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania. It was one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th- and 17th-century Europe. At its peak in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth spanned some and sustained a multi-ethnic population of 11 million. The union was formalized by the Union of Lublin in July 1569, but the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were in a de-facto personal union since 1386 with the marriage of the Polish queen Hedwig and Lithuania's Grand Duke Jogaila, who was crowned King "jure uxoris" Wadysaw II Jagieo of Poland. The First Partition of Poland in 1772 and the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 greatly reduced the nation's size and the Commonwealth disappeared as an independent state following the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.

text: The

text: PolishLithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: formally

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: after

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Poland

text: was

text: dualistic

text: state

text: bi

text: confederation

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: ruled

text: by

text: common

text: monarch

text: who

text: was

text: both

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: countries

text: of

text: and

text: century

text: Europe

text: At

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: spanned

text: some

text: and

text: sustained

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: union

text: was

text: formalized

text: by

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Lublin

text: in

text: July

text: but

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: were

text: in

text: de

text: facto

text: personal

text: union

text: since

text: with

text: the

text: marriage

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: queen

text: Hedwig

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: 's

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: Jogaila

text: who

text: was

text: crowned

text: King

text: jure

text: uxoris

text: Wadysaw

text: II

text: Jagieo

text: of

text: Poland

text: The

text: First

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Second

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: greatly

text: reduced

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: disappeared

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: following

text: the

text: Third

text: Partition

text: of

text: Poland

text: in

text: Warsaw (; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1.750 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.105 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover , while the metropolitan area covers .

text: Warsaw

text: see

text: also

text: other

text: names

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Poland

text: It

text: stands

text: on

text: the

text: Vistula

text: River

text: in

text: east

text: central

text: Poland

text: roughly

text: from

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: Its

text: population

text: is

text: estimated

text: at

text: million

text: residents

text: within

text: greater

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: million

text: residents

text: which

text: makes

text: Warsaw

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: capital

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: city

text: limits

text: cover

text: while

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: covers

text: The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Latin: "Corona Regni Poloniae"), or simply the Crown, is the common name for the historic (but unconsolidated) Late Middle Ages territorial possessions of the King of Poland, including Poland proper.

text: The

text: Crown

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: Latin

text: Corona

text: Regni

text: Poloniae

text: or

text: simply

text: the

text: Crown

text: is

text: the

text: common

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: historic

text: but

text: unconsolidated

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: territorial

text: possessions

text: of

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: including

text: Poland

text: proper

text: Central Europe lies between Eastern Europe and Western Europe. The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. Central Europe is going through a phase of "strategic awakening", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope or V4. While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.

text: Central

text: Europe

text: lies

text: between

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Western

text: Europe

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: common

text: historical

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: identity

text: Central

text: Europe

text: is

text: going

text: through

text: phase

text: of

text: strategic

text: awakening

text: with

text: initiatives

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: CEI

text: Centrope

text: or

text: While

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: economy

text: shows

text: high

text: disparities

text: with

text: regard

text: to

text: income

text: all

text: Central

text: European

text: countries

text: are

text: listed

text: by

text: the

text: Human

text: Development

text: Index

text: as

text: very

text: highly

text: developed

text: The Sudetes are a mountain range in Central Europe, also known in English (from their names in German and Czech/Polish) as the Sudeten or Sudety mountains.

text: The

text: Sudetes

text: are

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: also

text: known

text: in

text: English

text: from

text: their

text: names

text: in

text: German

text: and

text: Czech

text: Polish

text: as

text: the

text: Sudeten

text: or

text: Sudety

text: mountains

text: A star is a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points in the sky due to their immense distance from Earth. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, the brightest of which gained proper names. Astronomers have assembled star catalogues that identify the known stars and provide standardized stellar designations. However, most of the stars in the Universe, including all stars outside our galaxy, the Milky Way, are invisible to the naked eye from Earth. Indeed, most are invisible from Earth even through the most powerful telescopes.

text: star

text: is

text: luminous

text: sphere

text: of

text: plasma

text: held

text: together

text: by

text: its

text: own

text: gravity

text: The

text: nearest

text: star

text: to

text: Earth

text: is

text: the

text: Sun

text: Many

text: other

text: stars

text: are

text: visible

text: to

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: from

text: Earth

text: during

text: the

text: night

text: appearing

text: as

text: multitude

text: of

text: fixed

text: luminous

text: points

text: in

text: the

text: sky

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: immense

text: distance

text: from

text: Earth

text: Historically

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: stars

text: were

text: grouped

text: into

text: constellations

text: and

text: asterisms

text: the

text: brightest

text: of

text: which

text: gained

text: proper

text: names

text: Astronomers

text: have

text: assembled

text: star

text: catalogues

text: that

text: identify

text: the

text: known

text: stars

text: and

text: provide

text: standardized

text: stellar

text: designations

text: However

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: stars

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: including

text: all

text: stars

text: outside

text: our

text: galaxy

text: the

text: Milky

text: Way

text: are

text: invisible

text: to

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

text: from

text: Earth

text: Indeed

text: most

text: are

text: invisible

text: from

text: Earth

text: even

text: through

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: telescopes

annotations: likely multiple

question: place_of_birth kazimierz kordylewski

answer: poznań


text: Muhammad (c. 570 CE  8 June 632 CE) is the central figure of Islam and widely regarded as its founder by non-Muslims. He is known as the "Holy Prophet" to Muslims, almost all of whom consider him to be the last prophet sent by God to mankind to restore Islam, believed by Muslims to be the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity and ensured that his teachings, practices, and the Quran, formed the basis of Islamic religious belief.

text: Muhammad

text: CE

text: June

text: CE

text: is

text: the

text: central

text: figure

text: of

text: Islam

text: and

text: widely

text: regarded

text: as

text: its

text: founder

text: by

text: non

text: Muslims

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Holy

text: Prophet

text: to

text: Muslims

text: almost

text: all

text: of

text: whom

text: consider

text: him

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: last

text: prophet

text: sent

text: by

text: God

text: to

text: mankind

text: to

text: restore

text: Islam

text: believed

text: by

text: Muslims

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: unaltered

text: original

text: monotheistic

text: faith

text: of

text: Adam

text: Abraham

text: Moses

text: Jesus

text: and

text: other

text: prophets

text: Muhammad

text: united

text: Arabia

text: into

text: single

text: Muslim

text: polity

text: and

text: ensured

text: that

text: his

text: teachings

text: practices

text: and

text: the

text: Quran

text: formed

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: Islamic

text: religious

text: belief

text: Islam (' ;) is a religion articulated by the Quran, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God ('), and, for the vast majority of adherents, the teachings and normative example (called the "sunnah", composed of accounts called "hadith") of Muhammad (5708 June 632 CE). It is the world's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world, with over 1.7 billion followers or 23% of the global population, known as Muslims. Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion that upholds that God is one and incomparable and that the purpose of existence is to worship God. Muslims consider Muhammad to be the last prophet of God.

text: Islam

text: is

text: religion

text: articulated

text: by

text: the

text: Quran

text: text

text: considered

text: by

text: its

text: adherents

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: verbatim

text: word

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: adherents

text: the

text: teachings

text: and

text: normative

text: example

text: called

text: the

text: sunnah

text: composed

text: of

text: accounts

text: called

text: hadith

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: June

text: CE

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: religion

text: and

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: major

text: religion

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: followers

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Muslims

text: Islam

text: is

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: that

text: upholds

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: one

text: and

text: incomparable

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: existence

text: is

text: to

text: worship

text: God

text: Muslims

text: consider

text: Muhammad

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: last

text: prophet

text: of

text: God

text: Musaylimah ( Arabic :   ) or Musaylimah bin abb ( Arabic :     ) was one of a series of people ( including his future wife ) who claimed prophethood in 7th century Arabia , which is the time of Islamic prophet Muhammad . He is considered by Muslims to be a false prophet , and is always referred to as `` the Liar '' ( Arabic :   al - Kab ) . His followers were also very devout .

text: Musaylimah

text: Arabic

text: or

text: Musaylimah

text: bin

text: abb

text: Arabic

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: series

text: of

text: people

text: including

text: his

text: future

text: wife

text: who

text: claimed

text: prophethood

text: in

text: century

text: Arabia

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: Islamic

text: prophet

text: Muhammad

text: He

text: is

text: considered

text: by

text: Muslims

text: to

text: be

text: false

text: prophet

text: and

text: is

text: always

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Liar

text: Arabic

text: al

text: Kab

text: His

text: followers

text: were

text: also

text: very

text: devout

text: Abraha (also spelled Abreha) (died after AD 553; r. 525at least 553), also known as 'Abraha al-Ashram (Arabic:  ), was an Ethiopian general then the viceroy of southern Arabia for the Kingdom of Aksum, and later declared himself an independent King of Himyar. Abraha ruled much of present-day Yemen and Hijaz from at least 531 -547 AD to 555 - 565 AD.

text: Abraha

text: also

text: spelled

text: Abreha

text: died

text: after

text: AD

text: least

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Abraha

text: al

text: Ashram

text: Arabic

text: was

text: an

text: Ethiopian

text: general

text: then

text: the

text: viceroy

text: of

text: southern

text: Arabia

text: for

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Aksum

text: and

text: later

text: declared

text: himself

text: an

text: independent

text: King

text: of

text: Himyar

text: Abraha

text: ruled

text: much

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: Yemen

text: and

text: Hijaz

text: from

text: at

text: least

text: AD

text: to

text: AD

question: date_of_death musaylimah

answer: 632


text: The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.

text: The

text: euro

text: sign

text: code

text: EUR

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: currency

text: of

text: the

text: eurozone

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Austria

text: Belgium

text: Cyprus

text: Estonia

text: Finland

text: France

text: Germany

text: Greece

text: Ireland

text: Italy

text: Latvia

text: Lithuania

text: Luxembourg

text: Malta

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Portugal

text: Slovakia

text: Slovenia

text: and

text: Spain

text: The

text: currency

text: is

text: also

text: officially

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: institutions

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: four

text: other

text: European

text: countries

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: unilaterally

text: by

text: two

text: others

text: and

text: is

text: consequently

text: used

text: daily

text: by

text: some

text: million

text: Europeans

text: Outside

text: of

text: Europe

text: number

text: of

text: overseas

text: territories

text: of

text: EU

text: members

text: also

text: use

text: the

text: euro

text: as

text: their

text: currency

text: Thessaloniki is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace. Its nickname is   ("Symprotévousa"), literally "the co-capital", a reference to its historical status as the  ("Symvasilévousa") or "co-reigning" city of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, alongside Constantinople.

text: Thessaloniki

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Greek

text: Macedonia

text: the

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: Central

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: the

text: Decentralized

text: Administration

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: Thrace

text: Its

text: nickname

text: is

text: Symprotévousa

text: literally

text: the

text: co

text: capital

text: reference

text: to

text: its

text: historical

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: Symvasilévousa

text: or

text: co

text: reigning

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Roman

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: alongside

text: Constantinople

text: The Pindus (also Pindos or Pindhos) mountain range is located in northern Greece and southern Albania. It is roughly 160 km long, with a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (Mount Smolikas). Because it runs along the border of Thessaly and Epirus, the Pindus range is often called the "spine of Greece". The mountain range stretches from near the Greek-Albanian borders in Northern Epirus, entering the Epirus region and Macedonia region in northern Greece down to the north of the Peloponnese. Geologically it constitutes an extension of the Dinaric Alps, which dominate the western region of the Balkan Peninsula. This vast complex of mountains, peaks, plateaus, valleys and gorges traverses the Greek mainland from the Northwest to the Southeast. Its length reaches almost 230 kilometers and its largest width is 70 kilometers.

text: The

text: Pindus

text: also

text: Pindos

text: or

text: Pindhos

text: mountain

text: range

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: northern

text: Greece

text: and

text: southern

text: Albania

text: It

text: is

text: roughly

text: km

text: long

text: with

text: maximum

text: elevation

text: of

text: Mount

text: Smolikas

text: Because

text: it

text: runs

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: of

text: Thessaly

text: and

text: Epirus

text: the

text: Pindus

text: range

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: the

text: spine

text: of

text: Greece

text: The

text: mountain

text: range

text: stretches

text: from

text: near

text: the

text: Greek

text: Albanian

text: borders

text: in

text: Northern

text: Epirus

text: entering

text: the

text: Epirus

text: region

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: region

text: in

text: northern

text: Greece

text: down

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Peloponnese

text: Geologically

text: it

text: constitutes

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: Dinaric

text: Alps

text: which

text: dominate

text: the

text: western

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: Peninsula

text: This

text: vast

text: complex

text: of

text: mountains

text: peaks

text: plateaus

text: valleys

text: and

text: gorges

text: traverses

text: the

text: Greek

text: mainland

text: from

text: the

text: Northwest

text: to

text: the

text: Southeast

text: Its

text: length

text: reaches

text: almost

text: kilometers

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: width

text: is

text: kilometers

text: Thessaly ("Thessalía"; ancient Thessalian: , "Petthalía") is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, Thessaly was known as Aeolia, and appears thus in Homer's "Odyssey".

text: Thessaly

text: Thessalía

text: ancient

text: Thessalian

text: Petthalía

text: is

text: traditional

text: geographic

text: and

text: modern

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: Greece

text: comprising

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: Before

text: the

text: Greek

text: Dark

text: Ages

text: Thessaly

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Aeolia

text: and

text: appears

text: thus

text: in

text: Homer

text: 's

text: Odyssey

text: Albania (; ), officially the Republic of Albania, is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe. It has a population of 3.03 million as of 2016. Tirana is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Durrës and Vlorë. Albania is located in the south-western part of the Balkan peninsula, bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast. The country has a coastline on the northern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea to the west and the Ionian Sea to the southwest where the Albanian Riviera begins. Albania is less than from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.

text: Albania

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Albania

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Tirana

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Durrës

text: and

text: Vlorë

text: Albania

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: peninsula

text: bordered

text: by

text: Montenegro

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: Kosovo

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: southeast

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: coastline

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: where

text: the

text: Albanian

text: Riviera

text: begins

text: Albania

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: from

text: Italy

text: across

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Otranto

text: which

text: connects

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ("Pelopónnsos"), is a peninsula and geographic region in southern Greece. It is separated from the central part of the country by the Gulf of Corinth. During the late Middle Ages and the Ottoman era, the peninsula was known as the Morea, a name still in colloquial use in its demotic form ().

text: The

text: Peloponnese

text: or

text: Peloponnesus

text: Pelopónnsos

text: is

text: peninsula

text: and

text: geographic

text: region

text: in

text: southern

text: Greece

text: It

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: by

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Corinth

text: During

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: era

text: the

text: peninsula

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Morea

text: name

text: still

text: in

text: colloquial

text: use

text: in

text: its

text: demotic

text: form

text: Greek National Road 30 (abbreviated as EO30) is a single carriageway road in central Greece. It connects the cities of Arta and Volos, via Trikala and Karditsa.

text: Greek

text: National

text: Road

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: is

text: single

text: carriageway

text: road

text: in

text: central

text: Greece

text: It

text: connects

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Arta

text: and

text: Volos

text: via

text: Trikala

text: and

text: Karditsa

text: Epirus is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania. It lies between the Pindus Mountains and the Ionian Sea, stretching from the Bay of Vlorë and the Acroceraunian mountains in the north to the Ambracian Gulf and the ruined Roman city of Nicopolis in the south. It is currently divided between the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece and the counties of Gjirokastër, Vlorë, and Berat in southern Albania. The largest city in Epirus is Ioannina, seat of the region of Epirus, with Gjirokastër the largest city in the Albanian part of Epirus.

text: Epirus

text: is

text: geographical

text: and

text: historical

text: region

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: now

text: shared

text: between

text: Greece

text: and

text: Albania

text: It

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: Pindus

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: stretching

text: from

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: the

text: Acroceraunian

text: mountains

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: to

text: the

text: Ambracian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: ruined

text: Roman

text: city

text: of

text: Nicopolis

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: counties

text: of

text: Gjirokastër

text: Vlorë

text: and

text: Berat

text: in

text: southern

text: Albania

text: The

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Epirus

text: is

text: Ioannina

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: with

text: Gjirokastër

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Albanian

text: part

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Pamisos is a former municipality in the Karditsa regional unit, Thessaly, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mouzaki, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 53.854 km. Population 3,787 (2011). The seat of the municipality was in Agnantero.

text: Pamisos

text: is

text: former

text: municipality

text: in

text: the

text: Karditsa

text: regional

text: unit

text: Thessaly

text: Greece

text: Since

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: reform

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: Mouzaki

text: of

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: municipal

text: unit

text: The

text: municipal

text: unit

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: km

text: Population

text: The

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: municipality

text: was

text: in

text: Agnantero

text: Mouzaki is a town and a municipality in the northwestern part of the Karditsa regional unit, Greece. Mouzaki is located on the southwestern edge of the Thessalian plain, where the river Pamisos descends from the Agrafa mountains. It is 17 km southwest of Trikala and 24 km northwest of Karditsa. The Greek National Road 30 (Arta - Trikala - Karditsa - Volos) passes north of the town.

text: Mouzaki

text: is

text: town

text: and

text: municipality

text: in

text: the

text: northwestern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Karditsa

text: regional

text: unit

text: Greece

text: Mouzaki

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: southwestern

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: Thessalian

text: plain

text: where

text: the

text: river

text: Pamisos

text: descends

text: from

text: the

text: Agrafa

text: mountains

text: It

text: is

text: km

text: southwest

text: of

text: Trikala

text: and

text: km

text: northwest

text: of

text: Karditsa

text: The

text: Greek

text: National

text: Road

text: Arta

text: Trikala

text: Karditsa

text: Volos

text: passes

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: Trikala is a city in northwestern Thessaly, Greece, and the capital of the Trikala regional unit. The city straddles the Lithaios river, which is a tributary of Pineios. According to the National Statistical Service, Trikala is populated by 81,355 inhabitants (2011), while in total the Trikala regional unit is populated by 131,085 inhabitants (2011).

text: Trikala

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Thessaly

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Trikala

text: regional

text: unit

text: The

text: city

text: straddles

text: the

text: Lithaios

text: river

text: which

text: is

text: tributary

text: of

text: Pineios

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Statistical

text: Service

text: Trikala

text: is

text: populated

text: by

text: inhabitants

text: while

text: in

text: total

text: the

text: Trikala

text: regional

text: unit

text: is

text: populated

text: by

text: inhabitants

text: Northern Epirus ("Vorios Ipiros") is a term used to refer to those parts of the historical region of Epirus, in the western Balkans, which today are part of Albania. The term is used mostly by Greeks and is associated with the existence of a substantial ethnic Greek population in the region. It also has connotations with political claims on the territory on the grounds that it was held by Greece and in 1914 was declared an independent state by the local Greeks against annexation to the newly founded Albanian principality. The term is typically rejected by most Albanians for its irredentist associations.

text: Northern

text: Epirus

text: Vorios

text: Ipiros

text: is

text: term

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: those

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: historical

text: region

text: of

text: Epirus

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: Balkans

text: which

text: today

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: Albania

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: used

text: mostly

text: by

text: Greeks

text: and

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: substantial

text: ethnic

text: Greek

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: connotations

text: with

text: political

text: claims

text: on

text: the

text: territory

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: held

text: by

text: Greece

text: and

text: in

text: was

text: declared

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: by

text: the

text: local

text: Greeks

text: against

text: annexation

text: to

text: the

text: newly

text: founded

text: Albanian

text: principality

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: typically

text: rejected

text: by

text: most

text: Albanians

text: for

text: its

text: irredentist

text: associations

text: Oxya ( Greek :  ) is a mountain village in the western part of the Karditsa regional unit , Greece . Oxya is in the municipality of Mouzaki . The village Oxya had a population of 189 in 2001 , the community 689 . Oxya is located about 40 km west of Karditsa and is in the foot of the Pindus mountains . Its residents are based in agriculture .

text: Oxya

text: Greek

text: is

text: mountain

text: village

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Karditsa

text: regional

text: unit

text: Greece

text: Oxya

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: municipality

text: of

text: Mouzaki

text: The

text: village

text: Oxya

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: the

text: community

text: Oxya

text: is

text: located

text: about

text: km

text: west

text: of

text: Karditsa

text: and

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: Pindus

text: mountains

text: Its

text: residents

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: agriculture

text: Athens ("Athína" ) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years, and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2015, Athens was ranked the world's 29th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.

text: Athens

text: Athína

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Greece

text: Athens

text: dominates

text: the

text: Attica

text: region

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: cities

text: with

text: its

text: recorded

text: history

text: spanning

text: over

text: years

text: and

text: its

text: earliest

text: human

text: presence

text: starting

text: somewhere

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: millennia

text: BC

text: Classical

text: Athens

text: was

text: powerful

text: city

text: state

text: that

text: emerged

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: seagoing

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Piraeus

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: distinct

text: city

text: prior

text: to

text: its

text: century

text: BC

text: incorporation

text: with

text: Athens

text: centre

text: for

text: the

text: arts

text: learning

text: and

text: philosophy

text: home

text: of

text: Plato

text: 's

text: Academy

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: Lyceum

text: it

text: is

text: widely

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: cradle

text: of

text: Western

text: civilization

text: and

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: democracy

text: largely

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: Romans

text: In

text: modern

text: times

text: Athens

text: is

text: large

text: cosmopolitan

text: metropolis

text: and

text: central

text: to

text: economic

text: financial

text: industrial

text: maritime

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: life

text: in

text: Greece

text: In

text: Athens

text: was

text: ranked

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: richest

text: city

text: by

text: purchasing

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: expensive

text: in

text: UBS

text: study

text: Karditsa is a city in western Thessaly in mainland Greece. The city of Karditsa is the capital of Karditsa regional unit.

text: Karditsa

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: western

text: Thessaly

text: in

text: mainland

text: Greece

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Karditsa

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Karditsa

text: regional

text: unit

text: Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.

text: Europe

text: is

text: continent

text: that

text: comprises

text: the

text: westernmost

text: part

text: of

text: Eurasia

text: Europe

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: southeast

text: Europe

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: as

text: separated

text: from

text: Asia

text: by

text: the

text: watershed

text: divides

text: of

text: the

text: Ural

text: and

text: Caucasus

text: Mountains

text: the

text: Ural

text: River

text: the

text: Caspian

text: and

text: Black

text: Seas

text: and

text: the

text: waterways

text: of

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Straits

text: Yet

text: the

text: non

text: oceanic

text: borders

text: of

text: Europea

text: concept

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: classical

text: antiquityare

text: arbitrary

text: The

text: primarily

text: physiographic

text: term

text: continent

text: as

text: applied

text: to

text: Europe

text: also

text: incorporates

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: elements

text: whose

text: discontinuities

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: reflected

text: by

text: the

text: continent

text: 's

text: current

text: overland

text: boundaries

text: Agrafa is a mountainous region in Evrytania and Karditsa regional units in mainland Greece, consisting mainly of small villages. It is the southernmost part of the Pindus range. There is also a municipality with the same name, the Municipality of Agrafa, but it covers only a small percentage of the area.

text: Agrafa

text: is

text: mountainous

text: region

text: in

text: Evrytania

text: and

text: Karditsa

text: regional

text: units

text: in

text: mainland

text: Greece

text: consisting

text: mainly

text: of

text: small

text: villages

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: southernmost

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Pindus

text: range

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: municipality

text: with

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: the

text: Municipality

text: of

text: Agrafa

text: but

text: it

text: covers

text: only

text: small

text: percentage

text: of

text: the

text: area

text:
Greece (' ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: ' ), historically also known as Hellas ("" ), is a country in southeastern Europe.
Greece's population is approximately 10.955 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

text: Greece

text: officially

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Republic

text: Greek

text: historically

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Hellas

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Europe

text: Greece

text: 's

text: population

text: is

text: approximately

text: million

text: as

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Thessaloniki

annotations: follows multiple

question: located_on_terrain_feature oxya

answer: thessaly

text: thessaly

text: thessaly

text: thessaly

text: thessaly

text: thessaly

text: thessaly