text: A clade (from , "klados", "branch") is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".

text: clade

text: from

text: klados

text: branch

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: organisms

text: that

text: consists

text: of

text: common

text: ancestor

text: and

text: all

text: its

text: lineal

text: descendants

text: and

text: represents

text: single

text: branch

text: on

text: the

text: tree

text: of

text: life

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: The North Island or Te Ika-a-Mui ("Mori") is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-largest island. It has a population of

text: The

text: North

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Ika

text: Mui

text: Mori

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: islands

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: slightly

text: larger

text: but

text: much

text: less

text: populous

text: South

text: Island

text: by

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: The

text: island

text: 's

text: area

text: is

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: island

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids; alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), they are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life. Most DNA molecules consist of two biopolymer strands coiled around each other to form a double helix.

text: Deoxyribonucleic

text: acid

text: DNA

text: is

text: molecule

text: that

text: carries

text: the

text: genetic

text: instructions

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: growth

text: development

text: functioning

text: and

text: reproduction

text: of

text: all

text: known

text: living

text: organisms

text: and

text: many

text: viruses

text: DNA

text: and

text: RNA

text: are

text: nucleic

text: acids

text: alongside

text: proteins

text: lipids

text: and

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: polysaccharides

text: they

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: major

text: types

text: of

text: macromolecules

text: that

text: are

text: essential

text: for

text: all

text: known

text: forms

text: of

text: life

text: Most

text: DNA

text: molecules

text: consist

text: of

text: two

text: biopolymer

text: strands

text: coiled

text: around

text: each

text: other

text: to

text: form

text: double

text: helix

text: Lygosominae is the largest subfamily of skinks in the family Scincidae. The subfamily can be divided into a number of genus groups. If the rarely used taxonomic rank of infrafamily is employed, the genus groups would be designated as such, but such a move would require a formal description according to the ICZN standards.

text: Lygosominae

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: subfamily

text: of

text: skinks

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Scincidae

text: The

text: subfamily

text: can

text: be

text: divided

text: into

text: number

text: of

text: genus

text: groups

text: If

text: the

text: rarely

text: used

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: of

text: infrafamily

text: is

text: employed

text: the

text: genus

text: groups

text: would

text: be

text: designated

text: as

text: such

text: but

text: such

text: move

text: would

text: require

text: formal

text: description

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: ICZN

text: standards

text: Emoia is a genus of skinks in the subfamily Lygosominae. It belongs to a group of genera mainly from the southwestern Pacific-Australian region. The group also includes the genus "Leiolopisma".

text: Emoia

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: skinks

text: in

text: the

text: subfamily

text: Lygosominae

text: It

text: belongs

text: to

text: group

text: of

text: genera

text: mainly

text: from

text: the

text: southwestern

text: Pacific

text: Australian

text: region

text: The

text: group

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: genus

text: Leiolopisma

text: Chesterfield Islands ("îles Chesterfield" in French) is a French archipelago of New Caledonia located in the Coral Sea, 550 km northwest of Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. The archipelago is 120 km long and 70 km broad, made up of 11 islets and many reefs. The land area of the islands is less than 10 km².

text: Chesterfield

text: Islands

text: îles

text: Chesterfield

text: in

text: French

text: is

text: French

text: archipelago

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Coral

text: Sea

text: km

text: northwest

text: of

text: Grande

text: Terre

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: The

text: archipelago

text: is

text: km

text: long

text: and

text: km

text: broad

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: islets

text: and

text: many

text: reefs

text: The

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: islands

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: Tonga (or ; Tongan: "Puleanga Fakatui o Tonga"), officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands of which 36 are inhabited. The total surface area is about scattered over of the southern Pacific Ocean. It has a population of 103,000 people of whom 70% reside on the main island of Tongatapu.

text: Tonga

text: or

text: Tongan

text: Puleanga

text: Fakatui

text: Tonga

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Tonga

text: is

text: Polynesian

text: sovereign

text: state

text: and

text: archipelago

text: comprising

text: islands

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: inhabited

text: The

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: is

text: about

text: scattered

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: people

text: of

text: whom

text: reside

text: on

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: of

text: Tongatapu

text: Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction where two morphologically distinct types of specialized reproductive cells called gametes fuse together, involving a female's large ovum (or egg) and a male's smaller sperm. Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes of normal cells. They are created by a specialized type of cell division, which only occurs in eukaryotic cells, known as meiosis. The two gametes fuse during fertilization to produce DNA replication and the creation of a single-celled zygote which includes genetic material from both gametes. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) joins up so that homologous chromosome sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. Two rounds of cell division then produce four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes from each original parent cell, and the same number of chromosomes as both parents, though self-fertilization can occur. For instance, in human reproduction each human cell contains 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs, except gamete cells, which only contain 23 chromosomes, so the child will have 23 chromosomes from each parent genetically recombined into 23 pairs. Cell division initiates the development of a new individual organism in multicellular organisms, including animals and plants, for the vast majority of whom this is the primary method of reproduction.

text: Sexual

text: reproduction

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: reproduction

text: where

text: two

text: morphologically

text: distinct

text: types

text: of

text: specialized

text: reproductive

text: cells

text: called

text: gametes

text: fuse

text: together

text: involving

text: female

text: 's

text: large

text: ovum

text: or

text: egg

text: and

text: male

text: 's

text: smaller

text: sperm

text: Each

text: gamete

text: contains

text: half

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: of

text: normal

text: cells

text: They

text: are

text: created

text: by

text: specialized

text: type

text: of

text: cell

text: division

text: which

text: only

text: occurs

text: in

text: eukaryotic

text: cells

text: known

text: as

text: meiosis

text: The

text: two

text: gametes

text: fuse

text: during

text: fertilization

text: to

text: produce

text: DNA

text: replication

text: and

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: single

text: celled

text: zygote

text: which

text: includes

text: genetic

text: material

text: from

text: both

text: gametes

text: In

text: process

text: called

text: genetic

text: recombination

text: genetic

text: material

text: DNA

text: joins

text: up

text: so

text: that

text: homologous

text: chromosome

text: sequences

text: are

text: aligned

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: exchange

text: of

text: genetic

text: information

text: Two

text: rounds

text: of

text: cell

text: division

text: then

text: produce

text: four

text: daughter

text: cells

text: with

text: half

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: from

text: each

text: original

text: parent

text: cell

text: and

text: the

text: same

text: number

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: as

text: both

text: parents

text: though

text: self

text: fertilization

text: can

text: occur

text: For

text: instance

text: in

text: human

text: reproduction

text: each

text: human

text: cell

text: contains

text: chromosomes

text: pairs

text: except

text: gamete

text: cells

text: which

text: only

text: contain

text: chromosomes

text: so

text: the

text: child

text: will

text: have

text: chromosomes

text: from

text: each

text: parent

text: genetically

text: recombined

text: into

text: pairs

text: Cell

text: division

text: initiates

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: new

text: individual

text: organism

text: in

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: including

text: animals

text: and

text: plants

text: for

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: whom

text: this

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: method

text: of

text: reproduction

text: Wellington is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with residents. It is at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range. Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa. As the nation's capital city, the New Zealand Government and Parliament, Supreme Court and most of the civil service are based in the city.

text: Wellington

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: and

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: with

text: residents

text: It

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: south

text: western

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: between

text: Cook

text: Strait

text: and

text: the

text: Rimutaka

text: Range

text: Wellington

text: is

text: the

text: major

text: population

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: North

text: Island

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Wellington

text: Region

text: which

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: Kapiti

text: Coast

text: and

text: Wairarapa

text: As

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Government

text: and

text: Parliament

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: civil

text: service

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: New Zealand is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmassesthat of the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Mui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamuand numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.

text: New

text: Zealand

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: nation

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: The

text: country

text: geographically

text: comprises

text: two

text: main

text: landmassesthat

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Ika

text: Mui

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Island

text: or

text: Te

text: Waipounamuand

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: New

text: Zealand

text: is

text: situated

text: some

text: east

text: of

text: Australia

text: across

text: the

text: Tasman

text: Sea

text: and

text: roughly

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: island

text: areas

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: Fiji

text: and

text: Tonga

text: Because

text: of

text: its

text: remoteness

text: it

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: lands

text: to

text: be

text: settled

text: by

text: humans

text: During

text: its

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: isolation

text: New

text: Zealand

text: developed

text: distinct

text: biodiversity

text: of

text: animal

text: fungal

text: and

text: plant

text: life

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: varied

text: topography

text: and

text: its

text: sharp

text: mountain

text: peaks

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Southern

text: Alps

text: owe

text: much

text: to

text: the

text: tectonic

text: uplift

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: volcanic

text: eruptions

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Wellington

text: while

text: its

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Auckland

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text: Leiolopisma is a genus of skinks . Most species occur in the region of New Caledonia - New Zealand , and they are related to other genera from that general area , such as Emoia ; these and others form the Eugongylus group . One living and two extinct taxa represent a clade endemic to the Mascarenes . ( Austin & Arnold 2006 ) Species Leiolopisma alazon Leiolopisma bardensis Leiolopisma ceciliae Arnold & Bour , 2008 - extinct Leiolopisma eulepis Leiolopisma fallai Leiolopisma fasciolare Leiolopisma fuscum Leiolopisma grande Leiolopisma lioscincus Leiolopisma mauritiana - extinct ( c.1600 ) Leiolopisma paronae Leiolopisma telfairii Leiolopisma zelandia An undescribed extinct taxon from Réunion was close to L. mauritiana ( Austin & Arnold 2006 ) . These two were formerly separated in Didosaurus . David Day ( 1979 ) , in Vanished Species , described the Reunion skink as small and fast moving but completely unafraid of humans . Individuals would climb on observer 's legs . Efforts to maintain the species in captivity proved futile . The Reunion skink was reported to be completely insectivorous .

text: Leiolopisma

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: skinks

text: Most

text: species

text: occur

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: related

text: to

text: other

text: genera

text: from

text: that

text: general

text: area

text: such

text: as

text: Emoia

text: these

text: and

text: others

text: form

text: the

text: Eugongylus

text: group

text: One

text: living

text: and

text: two

text: extinct

text: taxa

text: represent

text: clade

text: endemic

text: to

text: the

text: Mascarenes

text: Austin

text: Arnold

text: Species

text: Leiolopisma

text: alazon

text: Leiolopisma

text: bardensis

text: Leiolopisma

text: ceciliae

text: Arnold

text: Bour

text: extinct

text: Leiolopisma

text: eulepis

text: Leiolopisma

text: fallai

text: Leiolopisma

text: fasciolare

text: Leiolopisma

text: fuscum

text: Leiolopisma

text: grande

text: Leiolopisma

text: lioscincus

text: Leiolopisma

text: mauritiana

text: extinct

text: Leiolopisma

text: paronae

text: Leiolopisma

text: telfairii

text: Leiolopisma

text: zelandia

text: An

text: undescribed

text: extinct

text: taxon

text: from

text: Réunion

text: was

text: close

text: to

text: mauritiana

text: Austin

text: Arnold

text: These

text: two

text: were

text: formerly

text: separated

text: in

text: Didosaurus

text: David

text: Day

text: in

text: Vanished

text: Species

text: described

text: the

text: Reunion

text: skink

text: as

text: small

text: and

text: fast

text: moving

text: but

text: completely

text: unafraid

text: of

text: humans

text: Individuals

text: would

text: climb

text: on

text: observer

text: 's

text: legs

text: Efforts

text: to

text: maintain

text: the

text: species

text: in

text: captivity

text: proved

text: futile

text: The

text: Reunion

text: skink

text: was

text: reported

text: to

text: be

text: completely

text: insectivorous

text: Scincomorpha is an infraorder of lizards. They first appear in the fossil record about 170 million years ago, during the Jurassic period.

text: Scincomorpha

text: is

text: an

text: infraorder

text: of

text: lizards

text: They

text: first

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: fossil

text: record

text: about

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: during

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: period

text: Metropolitan France (or "la Métropole"), also known as European France, is the part of France in Europe. It comprises mainland France and nearby islands in the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, and the Mediterranean Sea, including Corsica. Overseas France ("la France d'outre-mer") is the collective name for the part of France outside Europe: French overseas regions ("départements et régions d'outre-mer" or "DROM"), territories ("territoires d'outre-mer" or "TOM"), collectivities ("collectivités d'outre-mer" or "COM"), and the sui generis collectivity ("collectivité sui generis") of New Caledonia.

text: Metropolitan

text: France

text: or

text: la

text: Métropole

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: European

text: France

text: is

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: Europe

text: It

text: comprises

text: mainland

text: France

text: and

text: nearby

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: including

text: Corsica

text: Overseas

text: France

text: la

text: France

text: d'outre

text: mer

text: is

text: the

text: collective

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: France

text: outside

text: Europe

text: French

text: overseas

text: regions

text: départements

text: et

text: régions

text: d'outre

text: mer

text: or

text: DROM

text: territories

text: territoires

text: d'outre

text: mer

text: or

text: TOM

text: collectivities

text: collectivités

text: d'outre

text: mer

text: or

text: COM

text: and

text: the

text: sui

text: generis

text: collectivity

text: collectivité

text: sui

text: generis

text: of

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains. The group, traditionally recognized as the suborder Lacertilia, is defined as all extant members of the Lepidosauria (reptiles with overlapping scales) that are neither sphenodonts (i.e., tuatara) nor snakes  they form an evolutionary grade. While the snakes are recognized as falling phylogenetically within the Toxicofera clade from which they evolved, the sphenodonts are the sister group to the squamates, the larger monophyletic group, which includes both the lizards and the snakes.

text: Lizards

text: are

text: widespread

text: group

text: of

text: squamate

text: reptiles

text: with

text: over

text: species

text: ranging

text: across

text: all

text: continents

text: except

text: Antarctica

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: most

text: oceanic

text: island

text: chains

text: The

text: group

text: traditionally

text: recognized

text: as

text: the

text: suborder

text: Lacertilia

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: all

text: extant

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Lepidosauria

text: reptiles

text: with

text: overlapping

text: scales

text: that

text: are

text: neither

text: sphenodonts

text: i.e.

text: tuatara

text: nor

text: snakes

text: they

text: form

text: an

text: evolutionary

text: grade

text: While

text: the

text: snakes

text: are

text: recognized

text: as

text: falling

text: phylogenetically

text: within

text: the

text: Toxicofera

text: clade

text: from

text: which

text: they

text: evolved

text: the

text: sphenodonts

text: are

text: the

text: sister

text: group

text: to

text: the

text: squamates

text: the

text: larger

text: monophyletic

text: group

text: which

text: includes

text: both

text: the

text: lizards

text: and

text: the

text: snakes

text: In biology, a species (abbreviated sp., with the plural form species abbreviated spp.) is the basic unit of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which two individuals can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. While this definition is often adequate, looked at more closely it is often problematic. For example, in a species complex, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear or disappear altogether. Other ways of defining species include similarity of DNA, morphology, or ecological niche. The presence of locally adaptive traits may further subdivide species into infraspecific taxa such as subspecies.

text: In

text: biology

text: species

text: abbreviated

text: sp

text: with

text: the

text: plural

text: form

text: species

text: abbreviated

text: spp

text: is

text: the

text: basic

text: unit

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: and

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: species

text: is

text: often

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: largest

text: group

text: of

text: organisms

text: in

text: which

text: two

text: individuals

text: can

text: produce

text: fertile

text: offspring

text: typically

text: by

text: sexual

text: reproduction

text: While

text: this

text: definition

text: is

text: often

text: adequate

text: looked

text: at

text: more

text: closely

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: problematic

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: species

text: complex

text: the

text: boundaries

text: between

text: closely

text: related

text: species

text: become

text: unclear

text: or

text: disappear

text: altogether

text: Other

text: ways

text: of

text: defining

text: species

text: include

text: similarity

text: of

text: DNA

text: morphology

text: or

text: ecological

text: niche

text: The

text: presence

text: of

text: locally

text: adaptive

text: traits

text: may

text: further

text: subdivide

text: species

text: into

text: infraspecific

text: taxa

text: such

text: as

text: subspecies

text: Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the Cretaceous period, about 99 million years ago and diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than 12,500 of an estimated total of 22,000 species have been classified. They are easily identified by their elbowed antennae and the distinctive node-like structure that forms their slender waists.

text: Ants

text: are

text: eusocial

text: insects

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: Formicidae

text: and

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: related

text: wasps

text: and

text: bees

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: order

text: Hymenoptera

text: Ants

text: evolved

text: from

text: wasp

text: like

text: ancestors

text: in

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: period

text: about

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: and

text: diversified

text: after

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: More

text: than

text: of

text: an

text: estimated

text: total

text: of

text: species

text: have

text: been

text: classified

text: They

text: are

text: easily

text: identified

text: by

text: their

text: elbowed

text: antennae

text: and

text: the

text: distinctive

text: node

text: like

text: structure

text: that

text: forms

text: their

text: slender

text: waists

text: New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and east of Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Chesterfield Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of Pines, and a few remote islets. The Chesterfield Islands are in the Coral Sea. Locals refer to Grande Terre as "" ("the pebble").

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: is

text: special

text: collectivity

text: of

text: France

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: east

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: Metropolitan

text: France

text: The

text: archipelago

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Melanesia

text: subregion

text: includes

text: the

text: main

text: island

text: of

text: Grande

text: Terre

text: the

text: Loyalty

text: Islands

text: the

text: Chesterfield

text: Islands

text: the

text: Belep

text: archipelago

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Pines

text: and

text: few

text: remote

text: islets

text: The

text: Chesterfield

text: Islands

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: Coral

text: Sea

text: Locals

text: refer

text: to

text: Grande

text: Terre

text: as

text: the

text: pebble

text: Skinks are lizards belonging to the family Scincidae and the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species, the Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards.

text: Skinks

text: are

text: lizards

text: belonging

text: to

text: the

text: family

text: Scincidae

text: and

text: the

text: infraorder

text: Scincomorpha

text: With

text: more

text: than

text: described

text: species

text: the

text: Scincidae

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: diverse

text: families

text: of

text: lizards

text: Auckland is a city in the North Island of New Zealand. It is the most populous urban area in the country. Auckland has a population of , which constitutes percent of New Zealand's population. It is part of the wider Auckland Regionthe area governed by the Auckland Councilwhich also includes outlying rural areas and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf, resulting in a total population of . Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world. The Mori language name for Auckland is or , meaning "Tmaki with a hundred lovers", in reference to the desirability of its fertile land at the hub of waterways in all directions. It has also been called karana, the Mori enunciation of "Auckland".

text: Auckland

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Island

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Auckland

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: which

text: constitutes

text: percent

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: population

text: It

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: wider

text: Auckland

text: Regionthe

text: area

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Auckland

text: Councilwhich

text: also

text: includes

text: outlying

text: rural

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: the

text: Hauraki

text: Gulf

text: resulting

text: in

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: Auckland

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: Polynesian

text: population

text: of

text: any

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Mori

text: language

text: name

text: for

text: Auckland

text: is

text: or

text: meaning

text: Tmaki

text: with

text: hundred

text: lovers

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: desirability

text: of

text: its

text: fertile

text: land

text: at

text: the

text: hub

text: of

text: waterways

text: in

text: all

text: directions

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: called

text: karana

text: the

text: Mori

text: enunciation

text: of

text: Auckland

text: Eugongylus is a genus of skinks in the subfamily Lygosominae. The namesake of the "Eugonglyus" group of genera, it occupies a quite basal position among these. Members of this genus are commonly called mastiff skinks or short-legged giant skinks.

text: Eugongylus

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: skinks

text: in

text: the

text: subfamily

text: Lygosominae

text: The

text: namesake

text: of

text: the

text: Eugonglyus

text: group

text: of

text: genera

text: it

text: occupies

text: quite

text: basal

text: position

text: among

text: these

text: Members

text: of

text: this

text: genus

text: are

text: commonly

text: called

text: mastiff

text: skinks

text: or

text: short

text: legged

text: giant

text: skinks

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: likely multiple

question: parent_taxon leiolopisma

answer: lygosominae

text: lygosominae

text: lygosominae

text: lygosominae