text: Biologically, a child (plural: children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority.

text: Biologically

text: child

text: plural

text: children

text: is

text: human

text: being

text: between

text: the

text: stages

text: of

text: birth

text: and

text: puberty

text: The

text: legal

text: definition

text: of

text: child

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: minor

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: person

text: younger

text: than

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: majority

text: Birth, also known as parturition, is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the fetus at a developmental stage when it is ready to feed and breathe. In some species the offspring is precocial and can move around almost immediately after birth but in others it is altricial and completely dependent on parenting. In marsupials, the fetus is born at a very immature stage after a short gestational period and develops further in its mother's pouch.

text: Birth

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: parturition

text: is

text: the

text: act

text: or

text: process

text: of

text: bearing

text: or

text: bringing

text: forth

text: offspring

text: In

text: mammals

text: the

text: process

text: is

text: initiated

text: by

text: hormones

text: which

text: cause

text: the

text: muscular

text: walls

text: of

text: the

text: uterus

text: to

text: contract

text: expelling

text: the

text: fetus

text: at

text: developmental

text: stage

text: when

text: it

text: is

text: ready

text: to

text: feed

text: and

text: breathe

text: In

text: some

text: species

text: the

text: offspring

text: is

text: precocial

text: and

text: can

text: move

text: around

text: almost

text: immediately

text: after

text: birth

text: but

text: in

text: others

text: it

text: is

text: altricial

text: and

text: completely

text: dependent

text: on

text: parenting

text: In

text: marsupials

text: the

text: fetus

text: is

text: born

text: at

text: very

text: immature

text: stage

text: after

text: short

text: gestational

text: period

text: and

text: develops

text: further

text: in

text: its

text: mother

text: 's

text: pouch

text: Child saints are children and adolescents who died or were martyred and have been declared saints or martyrs of the Roman Catholic , Eastern Orthodox , Coptic Orthodox , Anglican , Episcopalian , or Lutheran Churches or have been beatified or venerated by those churches .

text: Child

text: saints

text: are

text: children

text: and

text: adolescents

text: who

text: died

text: or

text: were

text: martyred

text: and

text: have

text: been

text: declared

text: saints

text: or

text: martyrs

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: Coptic

text: Orthodox

text: Anglican

text: Episcopalian

text: or

text: Lutheran

text: Churches

text: or

text: have

text: been

text: beatified

text: or

text: venerated

text: by

text: those

text: churches

text: The age of majority is the threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law. It is the moment when minors cease to be considered children and assume legal control over their persons, actions, and decisions, thus terminating the control and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardian over them. Most countries set the age of majority at 18. The word "majority" here refers to having greater years and being of full age as opposed to "minority", the state of being a minor. The law in a given jurisdiction may not actually use the term "age of majority". The term typically refers to a collection of laws bestowing the status of adulthood. The age of majority does not necessarily correspond to the mental or physical maturity of an individual.

text: The

text: age

text: of

text: majority

text: is

text: the

text: threshold

text: of

text: adulthood

text: as

text: recognized

text: or

text: declared

text: in

text: law

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: moment

text: when

text: minors

text: cease

text: to

text: be

text: considered

text: children

text: and

text: assume

text: legal

text: control

text: over

text: their

text: persons

text: actions

text: and

text: decisions

text: thus

text: terminating

text: the

text: control

text: and

text: legal

text: responsibilities

text: of

text: their

text: parents

text: or

text: guardian

text: over

text: them

text: Most

text: countries

text: set

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: majority

text: at

text: The

text: word

text: majority

text: here

text: refers

text: to

text: having

text: greater

text: years

text: and

text: being

text: of

text: full

text: age

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: minority

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: being

text: minor

text: The

text: law

text: in

text: given

text: jurisdiction

text: may

text: not

text: actually

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: age

text: of

text: majority

text: The

text: term

text: typically

text: refers

text: to

text: collection

text: of

text: laws

text: bestowing

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: adulthood

text: The

text: age

text: of

text: majority

text: does

text: not

text: necessarily

text: correspond

text: to

text: the

text: mental

text: or

text: physical

text: maturity

text: of

text: an

text: individual

question: is_a_list_of list of child saints

answer: person

text: person


text: Island Records is a Jamaican-English record label that operates as a division of the Universal Music Group (UMG). It was founded by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959. Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989. Both Island and another label recently acquired byPolyGram, A&M Records, were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history, with Island in particular having exerted a major influence on the progressive UK music scene in the early 1970s.

text: Island

text: Records

text: is

text: Jamaican

text: English

text: record

text: label

text: that

text: operates

text: as

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: UMG

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: Graeme

text: Goodall

text: and

text: Leslie

text: Kong

text: in

text: Jamaica

text: in

text: Blackwell

text: sold

text: the

text: label

text: to

text: PolyGram

text: in

text: Both

text: Island

text: and

text: another

text: label

text: recently

text: acquired

text: byPolyGram

text: A&M

text: Records

text: were

text: both

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: largest

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

text: in

text: history

text: with

text: Island

text: in

text: particular

text: having

text: exerted

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: progressive

text: UK

text: music

text: scene

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Mott the Hoople were an English rock band with strong R&B roots, popular in the glam rock era of the early to mid-1970s. They are best known for the song "All the Young Dudes", written for them by David Bowie and appearing on their 1972 album of the same name.

text: Mott

text: the

text: Hoople

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: with

text: strong

text: R&B

text: roots

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: glam

text: rock

text: era

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: They

text: are

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: song

text: All

text: the

text: Young

text: Dudes

text: written

text: for

text: them

text: by

text: David

text: Bowie

text: and

text: appearing

text: on

text: their

text: album

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: Procol Harum are an English rock band formed in 1967. They contributed to the development of symphonic rock, and by extension, progressive rock. Their best-known recording is their 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale", which is considered a classic of popular music and is one of the few singles to have sold over 10 million copies. Although noted for its baroque and classical influence, Procol Harum's music also embraces the blues, R&B, and soul.

text: Procol

text: Harum

text: are

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: They

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: symphonic

text: rock

text: and

text: by

text: extension

text: progressive

text: rock

text: Their

text: best

text: known

text: recording

text: is

text: their

text: hit

text: single

text: Whiter

text: Shade

text: of

text: Pale

text: which

text: is

text: considered

text: classic

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: singles

text: to

text: have

text: sold

text: over

text: million

text: copies

text: Although

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: baroque

text: and

text: classical

text: influence

text: Procol

text: Harum

text: 's

text: music

text: also

text: embraces

text: the

text: blues

text: R&B

text: and

text: soul

text: Ruth Alston Brown (née Weston, January 12, 1928  November 17, 2006) was an American singer-songwriter and actress, sometimes known as the "Queen of R&B". She was noted for bringing a pop music style to R&B music in a series of hit songs for Atlantic Records in the 1950s, such as "So Long", "Teardrops from My Eyes" and "(Mama) He Treats Your Daughter Mean". For these contributions, Atlantic became known as "The house that Ruth built" (alluding to the popular nickname for Old Yankee Stadium).

text: Ruth

text: Alston

text: Brown

text: née

text: Weston

text: January

text: November

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: actress

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Queen

text: of

text: R&B

text: She

text: was

text: noted

text: for

text: bringing

text: pop

text: music

text: style

text: to

text: R&B

text: music

text: in

text: series

text: of

text: hit

text: songs

text: for

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: in

text: the

text: such

text: as

text: So

text: Long

text: Teardrops

text: from

text: My

text: Eyes

text: and

text: Mama

text: He

text: Treats

text: Your

text: Daughter

text: Mean

text: For

text: these

text: contributions

text: Atlantic

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: house

text: that

text: Ruth

text: built

text: alluding

text: to

text: the

text: popular

text: nickname

text: for

text: Old

text: Yankee

text: Stadium

text: Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art forms".

text: Jazz

text: is

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: amongst

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: New

text: Orleans

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Since

text: the

text: jazz

text: age

text: jazz

text: has

text: become

text: recognized

text: as

text: major

text: form

text: of

text: musical

text: expression

text: It

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: independent

text: traditional

text: and

text: popular

text: musical

text: styles

text: all

text: linked

text: by

text: the

text: common

text: bonds

text: of

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: European

text: American

text: musical

text: parentage

text: with

text: performance

text: orientation

text: Jazz

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: swing

text: and

text: blue

text: notes

text: call

text: and

text: response

text: vocals

text: polyrhythms

text: and

text: improvisation

text: Jazz

text: has

text: roots

text: in

text: West

text: African

text: cultural

text: and

text: musical

text: expression

text: and

text: in

text: African

text: American

text: music

text: traditions

text: including

text: blues

text: and

text: ragtime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: European

text: military

text: band

text: music

text: Although

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: jazz

text: is

text: deeply

text: rooted

text: within

text: the

text: Black

text: experience

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: different

text: cultures

text: have

text: contributed

text: their

text: own

text: experience

text: and

text: styles

text: to

text: the

text: art

text: form

text: as

text: well

text: Intellectuals

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: hailed

text: jazz

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: original

text: art

text: forms

text: A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process. The roles of a producer vary. He or she may gather musical ideas for the project, collaborate with the artists to select cover tunes or original songs by the artist/group, work with artists and help them to improve their songs, lyrics or arrangements.

text: record

text: producer

text: or

text: music

text: producer

text: oversees

text: and

text: manages

text: the

text: sound

text: recording

text: and

text: production

text: of

text: band

text: or

text: performer

text: 's

text: music

text: which

text: may

text: range

text: from

text: recording

text: one

text: song

text: to

text: recording

text: lengthy

text: concept

text: album

text: producer

text: has

text: many

text: roles

text: during

text: the

text: recording

text: process

text: The

text: roles

text: of

text: producer

text: vary

text: He

text: or

text: she

text: may

text: gather

text: musical

text: ideas

text: for

text: the

text: project

text: collaborate

text: with

text: the

text: artists

text: to

text: select

text: cover

text: tunes

text: or

text: original

text: songs

text: by

text: the

text: artist

text: group

text: work

text: with

text: artists

text: and

text: help

text: them

text: to

text: improve

text: their

text: songs

text: lyrics

text: or

text: arrangements

text: London Calling is the third studio album by English punk rock band the Clash. It was released as a double album in the United Kingdom on 14 December 1979 by CBS Records, and in the United States in January 1980 by Epic Records. "London Calling" is a post-punk album that incorporates a range of styles, including punk, reggae, rockabilly, ska, New Orleans R&B, pop, lounge jazz, and hard rock.

text: London

text: Calling

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: English

text: punk

text: rock

text: band

text: the

text: Clash

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: double

text: album

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: on

text: December

text: by

text: CBS

text: Records

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: January

text: by

text: Epic

text: Records

text: London

text: Calling

text: is

text: post

text: punk

text: album

text: that

text: incorporates

text: range

text: of

text: styles

text: including

text: punk

text: reggae

text: rockabilly

text: ska

text: New

text: Orleans

text: R&B

text: pop

text: lounge

text: jazz

text: and

text: hard

text: rock

text: Leslie Kong (1933  9 August 1971) was an influential Chinese-Jamaican reggae producer.

text: Leslie

text: Kong

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: influential

text: Chinese

text: Jamaican

text: reggae

text: producer

text: A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. Often, a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks, coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists ("artists and repertoire" or "A&R"); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer's name, along with other information.

text: record

text: label

text: or

text: record

text: company

text: is

text: brand

text: or

text: trademark

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: marketing

text: of

text: music

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: Often

text: record

text: label

text: is

text: also

text: publishing

text: company

text: that

text: manages

text: such

text: brands

text: and

text: trademarks

text: coordinates

text: the

text: production

text: manufacture

text: distribution

text: marketing

text: promotion

text: and

text: enforcement

text: of

text: copyright

text: for

text: sound

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: conducts

text: talent

text: scouting

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: new

text: artists

text: artists

text: and

text: repertoire

text: or

text: A&R

text: and

text: maintains

text: contracts

text: with

text: recording

text: artists

text: and

text: their

text: managers

text: The

text: term

text: record

text: label

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: circular

text: label

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: vinyl

text: record

text: which

text: prominently

text: displays

text: the

text: manufacturer

text: 's

text: name

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: information

text: Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, consisting of the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. The island, in area, lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the nation-states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Jamaica is the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean, by area.

text: Jamaica

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: country

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: island

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Antilles

text: The

text: island

text: in

text: area

text: lies

text: about

text: south

text: of

text: Cuba

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Hispaniola

text: the

text: island

text: containing

text: the

text: nation

text: states

text: of

text: Haiti

text: and

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: Jamaica

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: by

text: area

text: Universal Music Group, Inc. (also known as Universal Music Group Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California.

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Inc.

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Recordings

text: Inc.

text: and

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: UMG

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: French

text: global

text: music

text: corporation

text: that

text: is

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: based

text: French

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: Vivendi

text: UMG

text: 's

text: global

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: are

text: in

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: California

text: Aretha Louise Franklin (born March 25, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Franklin began her career singing gospel at her father, minister C. L. Franklin's church as a child. In 1960, at the age of 18, Franklin embarked on a secular career, recording for Columbia Records but only achieving modest success. Following her signing to Atlantic Records in 1967, Franklin achieved commercial acclaim and success with songs such as "Respect", "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" and "Think". These hits and more helped her to gain the title The Queen of Soul by the end of the 1960s decade.

text: Aretha

text: Louise

text: Franklin

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: musician

text: Franklin

text: began

text: her

text: career

text: singing

text: gospel

text: at

text: her

text: father

text: minister

text: Franklin

text: 's

text: church

text: as

text: child

text: In

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Franklin

text: embarked

text: on

text: secular

text: career

text: recording

text: for

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: but

text: only

text: achieving

text: modest

text: success

text: Following

text: her

text: signing

text: to

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: in

text: Franklin

text: achieved

text: commercial

text: acclaim

text: and

text: success

text: with

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Respect

text: You

text: Make

text: Me

text: Feel

text: Like

text: Natural

text: Woman

text: and

text: Think

text: These

text: hits

text: and

text: more

text: helped

text: her

text: to

text: gain

text: the

text: title

text: The

text: Queen

text: of

text: Soul

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson. Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records. In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.

text: Atlantic

text: Recording

text: Corporation

text: simply

text: known

text: as

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: founded

text: in

text: October

text: by

text: Ahmet

text: Ertegün

text: and

text: Herb

text: Abramson

text: Over

text: its

text: first

text: years

text: of

text: operation

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: earned

text: reputation

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: American

text: recording

text: labels

text: specializing

text: in

text: jazz

text: R&B

text: and

text: soul

text: recordings

text: by

text: African

text: American

text: musicians

text: including

text: Aretha

text: Franklin

text: Ray

text: Charles

text: Wilson

text: Pickett

text: Sam

text: and

text: Dave

text: Ruth

text: Brown

text: and

text: Otis

text: Redding

text: position

text: greatly

text: enhanced

text: by

text: its

text: distribution

text: deal

text: with

text: Stax

text: Records

text: In

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: became

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Warner

text: Bros

text: Seven

text: Arts

text: now

text: the

text: Warner

text: Music

text: Group

text: and

text: expanded

text: into

text: rock

text: and

text: pop

text: music

text: with

text: releases

text: by

text: bands

text: such

text: as

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

text: and

text: Yes

text: Warner Music Group (abbreviated as WMG, commonly referred to as Warner Music) is an American multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate headquartered in New York City. It is one of the "big three" recording companies and the third largest in the global music industry, next to Universal Music Group (UMG) and Sony Music Entertainment (SME), being the only American music conglomerate worldwide. Formerly owned by Time Warner, the company was publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange until May 2011, when it announced its privatization and sale to Access Industries, which was completed in July 2011. With a multibillion-dollar annual turnover, WMG employs in excess of 3,500 people and has operations in more than 50 countries throughout the world.

text: Warner

text: Music

text: Group

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: WMG

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Warner

text: Music

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: multinational

text: entertainment

text: and

text: record

text: label

text: conglomerate

text: headquartered

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: big

text: three

text: recording

text: companies

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: global

text: music

text: industry

text: next

text: to

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: UMG

text: and

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: being

text: the

text: only

text: American

text: music

text: conglomerate

text: worldwide

text: Formerly

text: owned

text: by

text: Time

text: Warner

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: publicly

text: traded

text: on

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: until

text: May

text: when

text: it

text: announced

text: its

text: privatization

text: and

text: sale

text: to

text: Access

text: Industries

text: which

text: was

text: completed

text: in

text: July

text: With

text: multibillion

text: dollar

text: annual

text: turnover

text: WMG

text: employs

text: in

text: excess

text: of

text: people

text: and

text: has

text: operations

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: countries

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl.

text: Albums

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: were

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: first

text: as

text: books

text: of

text: individual

text: records

text: then

text: from

text: as

text: vinyl

text: LP

text: records

text: played

text: at

text: rpm

text: Vinyl

text: LPs

text: are

text: still

text: issued

text: though

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: album

text: sales

text: have

text: mostly

text: focused

text: on

text: compact

text: disc

text: CD

text: and

text: formats

text: The

text: audio

text: cassette

text: was

text: format

text: used

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: alongside

text: vinyl

text: The Clash were an English punk rock band that formed in 1976 as part of the original wave of British punk. Along with punk, their music incorporated elements of reggae, dub, funk, ska and rockabilly. For most of their recording career the Clash consisted of Joe Strummer (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mick Jones (lead guitar, lead vocals), Paul Simonon (bass guitar, vocals) and Nicky "Topper" Headon (drums, percussion). Headon left the group in 1982, and internal friction led to Jones's departure the following year. The group continued with new members, but finally disbanded in early 1986.

text: The

text: Clash

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: punk

text: rock

text: band

text: that

text: formed

text: in

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: wave

text: of

text: British

text: punk

text: Along

text: with

text: punk

text: their

text: music

text: incorporated

text: elements

text: of

text: reggae

text: dub

text: funk

text: ska

text: and

text: rockabilly

text: For

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: recording

text: career

text: the

text: Clash

text: consisted

text: of

text: Joe

text: Strummer

text: lead

text: vocals

text: rhythm

text: guitar

text: Mick

text: Jones

text: lead

text: guitar

text: lead

text: vocals

text: Paul

text: Simonon

text: bass

text: guitar

text: vocals

text: and

text: Nicky

text: Topper

text: Headon

text: drums

text: percussion

text: Headon

text: left

text: the

text: group

text: in

text: and

text: internal

text: friction

text: led

text: to

text: Jones

text: 's

text: departure

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: The

text: group

text: continued

text: with

text: new

text: members

text: but

text: finally

text: disbanded

text: in

text: early

text: The music industry consists of the companies and individuals that earn money by creating new songs and pieces and selling live concerts and shows, audio and video recordings, compositions and sheet music, and the organizations and associations that aid and represent creators. Among the many individuals and organizations that operate in the industry are: the songwriters and composers who create new songs and musical pieces; the singers, musicians, conductors and bandleaders who perform the music; the companies and professionals who create and sell recorded music and/or sheet music (e.g., music publishers, music producers, recording studios, engineers, record labels, retail and online music stores, performance rights organizations); and those that help organize and present live music performances (sound engineers, booking agents, promoters, music venues, road crew).

text: The

text: music

text: industry

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: companies

text: and

text: individuals

text: that

text: earn

text: money

text: by

text: creating

text: new

text: songs

text: and

text: pieces

text: and

text: selling

text: live

text: concerts

text: and

text: shows

text: audio

text: and

text: video

text: recordings

text: compositions

text: and

text: sheet

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: organizations

text: and

text: associations

text: that

text: aid

text: and

text: represent

text: creators

text: Among

text: the

text: many

text: individuals

text: and

text: organizations

text: that

text: operate

text: in

text: the

text: industry

text: are

text: the

text: songwriters

text: and

text: composers

text: who

text: create

text: new

text: songs

text: and

text: musical

text: pieces

text: the

text: singers

text: musicians

text: conductors

text: and

text: bandleaders

text: who

text: perform

text: the

text: music

text: the

text: companies

text: and

text: professionals

text: who

text: create

text: and

text: sell

text: recorded

text: music

text: and/or

text: sheet

text: music

text: e.g.

text: music

text: publishers

text: music

text: producers

text: recording

text: studios

text: engineers

text: record

text: labels

text: retail

text: and

text: online

text: music

text: stores

text: performance

text: rights

text: organizations

text: and

text: those

text: that

text: help

text: organize

text: and

text: present

text: live

text: music

text: performances

text: sound

text: engineers

text: booking

text: agents

text: promoters

text: music

text: venues

text: road

text: crew

text: Mott the Hoople is the debut studio album by the band of the same name . It was produced by Guy Stevens and released in 1969 by Island Records in the UK ( cat . no. ILPS 9108 ) , and in 1970 by Atlantic Records in the US ( cat . no. SD 8258 ) . It was subsequently re-released by Angel Air in 2003 ( SJPCD157 ) . Stevens , the group 's initial mentor and guide , wanted to create an album that would suggest Bob Dylan singing with the Rolling Stones . This was partially achieved , with the album including several Dylanesque cover versions along with aggressive rock originals . Years later , vocalist Ian Hunter - who had only just joined the band prior to Mott the Hoople 's recording and had yet to play live with them - would insinuate , in an August 1980 Trouser Press magazine interview , that the Stones ' 1971 track `` Bitch '' bore more than a passing resemblance to this album 's `` Rock and Roll Queen . '' ( Both songs are in the key of Am , and use the pentatonic scale . ) An instrumental version of The Kinks ' `` You Really Got Me '' introduces the album , though a vocal version was recorded and is available on Mott 's compilation release Two Miles From Heaven . Doug Sahm 's `` At the Crossroads '' ( originally recorded by Sahm 's Sir Douglas Quintet in 1968 ) and Sonny Bono 's `` Laugh at Me '' ( originally issued by Sonny & Cher on their second full - length album in 1966 , but without vocals from Cher ) are suitably reminiscent of Bob Dylan , as is Hunter 's `` Backsliding Fearlessly . '' Initial copies of the album were wrongly pressed with the song `` The Road to Birmingham , '' the B - side of their debut single , replacing `` Rock and Roll Queen . '' The album 's cover is a colourised reproduction of M. C. Escher 's lithograph `` Reptiles . '' In an interesting coincidence considering Guy Stevens ' desire for Mott to sound like the Rolling Stones , in early 1969 Mick Jagger had approached Escher wanting to commission a painting for the cover of the Stones ' upcoming album Let It Bleed ; Escher declined the request .

text: Mott

text: the

text: Hoople

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: the

text: band

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: It

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Guy

text: Stevens

text: and

text: released

text: in

text: by

text: Island

text: Records

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: cat

text: no

text: ILPS

text: and

text: in

text: by

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: cat

text: no

text: SD

text: It

text: was

text: subsequently

text: re

text: released

text: by

text: Angel

text: Air

text: in

text: Stevens

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: initial

text: mentor

text: and

text: guide

text: wanted

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: album

text: that

text: would

text: suggest

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: singing

text: with

text: the

text: Rolling

text: Stones

text: This

text: was

text: partially

text: achieved

text: with

text: the

text: album

text: including

text: several

text: Dylanesque

text: cover

text: versions

text: along

text: with

text: aggressive

text: rock

text: originals

text: Years

text: later

text: vocalist

text: Ian

text: Hunter

text: who

text: had

text: only

text: just

text: joined

text: the

text: band

text: prior

text: to

text: Mott

text: the

text: Hoople

text: 's

text: recording

text: and

text: had

text: yet

text: to

text: play

text: live

text: with

text: them

text: would

text: insinuate

text: in

text: an

text: August

text: Trouser

text: Press

text: magazine

text: interview

text: that

text: the

text: Stones

text: track

text: Bitch

text: bore

text: more

text: than

text: passing

text: resemblance

text: to

text: this

text: album

text: 's

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Queen

text: Both

text: songs

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: key

text: of

text: Am

text: and

text: use

text: the

text: pentatonic

text: scale

text: An

text: instrumental

text: version

text: of

text: The

text: Kinks

text: You

text: Really

text: Got

text: Me

text: introduces

text: the

text: album

text: though

text: vocal

text: version

text: was

text: recorded

text: and

text: is

text: available

text: on

text: Mott

text: 's

text: compilation

text: release

text: Two

text: Miles

text: From

text: Heaven

text: Doug

text: Sahm

text: 's

text: At

text: the

text: Crossroads

text: originally

text: recorded

text: by

text: Sahm

text: 's

text: Sir

text: Douglas

text: Quintet

text: in

text: and

text: Sonny

text: Bono

text: 's

text: Laugh

text: at

text: Me

text: originally

text: issued

text: by

text: Sonny

text: Cher

text: on

text: their

text: second

text: full

text: length

text: album

text: in

text: but

text: without

text: vocals

text: from

text: Cher

text: are

text: suitably

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: as

text: is

text: Hunter

text: 's

text: Backsliding

text: Fearlessly

text: Initial

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: album

text: were

text: wrongly

text: pressed

text: with

text: the

text: song

text: The

text: Road

text: to

text: Birmingham

text: the

text: side

text: of

text: their

text: debut

text: single

text: replacing

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Queen

text: The

text: album

text: 's

text: cover

text: is

text: colourised

text: reproduction

text: of

text: Escher

text: 's

text: lithograph

text: Reptiles

text: In

text: an

text: interesting

text: coincidence

text: considering

text: Guy

text: Stevens

text: desire

text: for

text: Mott

text: to

text: sound

text: like

text: the

text: Rolling

text: Stones

text: in

text: early

text: Mick

text: Jagger

text: had

text: approached

text: Escher

text: wanting

text: to

text: commission

text: painting

text: for

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: the

text: Stones

text: upcoming

text: album

text: Let

text: It

text: Bleed

text: Escher

text: declined

text: the

text: request

text: Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968. The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant, bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound, rooted in blues and psychedelia on their early albums, has earned them recognition as one of the progenitors of heavy metal, though their unique style drew from a wide variety of influences, including folk music.

text: Led

text: Zeppelin

text: were

text: an

text: English

text: rock

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: The

text: group

text: consisted

text: of

text: guitarist

text: Jimmy

text: Page

text: singer

text: Robert

text: Plant

text: bassist

text: and

text: keyboardist

text: John

text: Paul

text: Jones

text: and

text: drummer

text: John

text: Bonham

text: The

text: band

text: 's

text: heavy

text: guitar

text: driven

text: sound

text: rooted

text: in

text: blues

text: and

text: psychedelia

text: on

text: their

text: early

text: albums

text: has

text: earned

text: them

text: recognition

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: progenitors

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: though

text: their

text: unique

text: style

text: drew

text: from

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: influences

text: including

text: folk

text: music

text: Christopher Percy Gordon "Chris" Blackwell (born 22 June 1937) is an English businessman and former record producer, and the founder of Island Records, which has been called "one of Britain's great independent labels". According to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, to which Blackwell was inducted in 2001, he is "the single person most responsible for turning the world on to reggae music."

text: Christopher

text: Percy

text: Gordon

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: businessman

text: and

text: former

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: Island

text: Records

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: great

text: independent

text: labels

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: to

text: which

text: Blackwell

text: was

text: inducted

text: in

text: he

text: is

text: the

text: single

text: person

text: most

text: responsible

text: for

text: turning

text: the

text: world

text: on

text: to

text: reggae

text: music

text: Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the Western world as a softer alternative to rock and roll. The terms "popular music" and "pop music" are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many styles. "Pop" and "rock" were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were increasingly used in opposition from each other.

text: Pop

text: music

text: is

text: genre

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: its

text: modern

text: form

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: world

text: as

text: softer

text: alternative

text: to

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: The

text: terms

text: popular

text: music

text: and

text: pop

text: music

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: although

text: the

text: former

text: describes

text: all

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: popular

text: and

text: includes

text: many

text: styles

text: Pop

text: and

text: rock

text: were

text: synonymous

text: terms

text: until

text: the

text: late

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: increasingly

text: used

text: in

text: opposition

text: from

text: each

text: other

text:
PolyGram a/k/a The PolyGram Group was a Dutch owned mass-media company. It started as a major record label recording company founded by Philips and Siemens as a holding company for their music interests in 1979. The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records and the Philips interest Phonogram Inc. The company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disk gramophone, Emil Berliner. Later on, PolyGram expanded into a larger entertainment company, creating film and television divisions.
In May 1998, it was sold to Seagram which owned Universal Studios. The newly merged company became Universal Music Group. When the new company faced financial difficulties, its parent Seagram was sold in large part to Vivendi, and for a brief time, the company was known as Vivendi Universal. Vivendi is the current owner of UMG.

text: PolyGram

text: The

text: PolyGram

text: Group

text: was

text: Dutch

text: owned

text: mass

text: media

text: company

text: It

text: started

text: as

text: major

text: record

text: label

text: recording

text: company

text: founded

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Siemens

text: as

text: holding

text: company

text: for

text: their

text: music

text: interests

text: in

text: The

text: name

text: was

text: chosen

text: to

text: reflect

text: the

text: Siemens

text: interest

text: Polydor

text: Records

text: and

text: the

text: Philips

text: interest

text: Phonogram

text: Inc.

text: The

text: company

text: traced

text: its

text: origins

text: through

text: Deutsche

text: Grammophon

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: inventor

text: of

text: the

text: flat

text: disk

text: gramophone

text: Emil

text: Berliner

text: Later

text: on

text: PolyGram

text: expanded

text: into

text: larger

text: entertainment

text: company

text: creating

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: divisions

text: In

text: May

text: it

text: was

text: sold

text: to

text: Seagram

text: which

text: owned

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: The

text: newly

text: merged

text: company

text: became

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: When

text: the

text: new

text: company

text: faced

text: financial

text: difficulties

text: its

text: parent

text: Seagram

text: was

text: sold

text: in

text: large

text: part

text: to

text: Vivendi

text: and

text: for

text: brief

text: time

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Vivendi

text: Universal

text: Vivendi

text: is

text: the

text: current

text: owner

text: of

text: UMG

text: Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, Inc. was an American entertainment company active from 1967 until 1970.

text: Warner

text: Bros

text: Seven

text: Arts

text: Inc.

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: entertainment

text: company

text: active

text: from

text: until

text: Wilson Pickett (March 18, 1941  January 19, 2006) was an American R&B, soul and rock and roll singer and songwriter.

text: Wilson

text: Pickett

text: March

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: R&B

text: soul

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: Guy Stevens (13 April 1943  28 August 1981) was a British music industry figure whose roles included DJ, record producer, and band manager. He was influential in promoting R&B music in Britain in the 1960s, gave the rock bands Procol Harum and Mott the Hoople their distinctive names, and co-produced The Clash's album "London Calling".

text: Guy

text: Stevens

text: April

text: August

text: was

text: British

text: music

text: industry

text: figure

text: whose

text: roles

text: included

text: DJ

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: band

text: manager

text: He

text: was

text: influential

text: in

text: promoting

text: R&B

text: music

text: in

text: Britain

text: in

text: the

text: gave

text: the

text: rock

text: bands

text: Procol

text: Harum

text: and

text: Mott

text: the

text: Hoople

text: their

text: distinctive

text: names

text: and

text: co

text: produced

text: The

text: Clash

text: 's

text: album

text: London

text: Calling

text: Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems. The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the "Guitar Hero" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments. Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone. Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.

text: Rock

text: Band

text: is

text: series

text: of

text: music

text: video

text: games

text: developed

text: by

text: Harmonix

text: and

text: MTV

text: Games

text: and

text: distributed

text: by

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: for

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: DS

text: iOS

text: PlayStation

text: PlayStation

text: PSP

text: Wii

text: Xbox

text: One

text: and

text: Xbox

text: game

text: systems

text: The

text: series

text: inspired

text: by

text: Harmonix

text: 's

text: previous

text: efforts

text: on

text: the

text: Guitar

text: Hero

text: series

text: allows

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: players

text: to

text: simulate

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: popular

text: rock

text: music

text: songs

text: by

text: playing

text: with

text: controllers

text: modeled

text: after

text: musical

text: instruments

text: Players

text: can

text: play

text: the

text: lead

text: guitar

text: bass

text: guitar

text: keyboard

text: and

text: drums

text: parts

text: to

text: songs

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: sing

text: into

text: USB

text: microphone

text: Players

text: are

text: scored

text: on

text: their

text: ability

text: to

text: match

text: scrolling

text: musical

text: notes

text: while

text: playing

text: instruments

text: and

text: by

text: their

text: ability

text: to

text: match

text: the

text: singer

text: 's

text: pitch

text: on

text: vocals

annotations: likely multiple

annotations: follows single

question: genre mott the hoople

answer: glam rock

text: glam rock


text: The University of Michigan (U-M, UM, UMich, or U of M), frequently referred to simply as "Michigan," is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817 in Detroit as the "Catholepistemiad", or University of Michigania, 20 years before the Michigan Territory became a state, the University of Michigan is the state's oldest university. In 1821, the university was officially renamed the University of Michigan. It moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 onto of what is now known as Central Campus. Since its establishment in Ann Arbor, the university campus has expanded to include more than 584 major buildings with a combined area of more than spread out over a Central Campus and North Campus, two satellite campuses in Flint and Dearborn, and a Center in Detroit. The University was a founding member of the Association of American Universities.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: UM

text: UMich

text: or

text: of

text: frequently

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: Michigan

text: is

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Michigan

text: United

text: States

text: Founded

text: in

text: in

text: Detroit

text: as

text: the

text: Catholepistemiad

text: or

text: University

text: of

text: Michigania

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: Michigan

text: Territory

text: became

text: state

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: oldest

text: university

text: In

text: the

text: university

text: was

text: officially

text: renamed

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: It

text: moved

text: to

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: in

text: onto

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Central

text: Campus

text: Since

text: its

text: establishment

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: the

text: university

text: campus

text: has

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: more

text: than

text: major

text: buildings

text: with

text: combined

text: area

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: spread

text: out

text: over

text: Central

text: Campus

text: and

text: North

text: Campus

text: two

text: satellite

text: campuses

text: in

text: Flint

text: and

text: Dearborn

text: and

text: Center

text: in

text: Detroit

text: The

text: University

text: was

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: American

text: Universities

text: A stadium (plural stadiums or stadia) is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.

text: stadium

text: plural

text: stadiums

text: or

text: stadia

text: is

text: place

text: or

text: venue

text: for

text: mostly

text: outdoor

text: sports

text: concerts

text: or

text: other

text: events

text: and

text: consists

text: of

text: field

text: or

text: stage

text: either

text: partly

text: or

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: tiered

text: structure

text: designed

text: to

text: allow

text: spectators

text: to

text: stand

text: or

text: sit

text: and

text: view

text: the

text: event

text: Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, that was established in its current form on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township. As of the 2010 United States Census, the municipality's population was 28,572, reflecting the former township's population of 16,265, along with the 12,307 in the former borough.

text: Princeton

text: is

text: municipality

text: with

text: borough

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: in

text: Mercer

text: County

text: New

text: Jersey

text: United

text: States

text: that

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: its

text: current

text: form

text: on

text: January

text: through

text: the

text: consolidation

text: of

text: the

text: Borough

text: of

text: Princeton

text: and

text: Princeton

text: Township

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: the

text: municipality

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: reflecting

text: the

text: former

text: township

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: borough

text: Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Boston metropolitan area.

text: Cambridge

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Middlesex

text: County

text: Massachusetts

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: Boston

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: In mathematics, connectedness is used to refer to various properties meaning, in some sense, "all one piece". When a mathematical object has such a property, we say it is connected; otherwise it is disconnected. When a disconnected object can be split naturally into connected pieces, each piece is usually called a "component" (or "connected component").

text: In

text: mathematics

text: connectedness

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: various

text: properties

text: meaning

text: in

text: some

text: sense

text: all

text: one

text: piece

text: When

text: mathematical

text: object

text: has

text: such

text: property

text: we

text: say

text: it

text: is

text: connected

text: otherwise

text: it

text: is

text: disconnected

text: When

text: disconnected

text: object

text: can

text: be

text: split

text: naturally

text: into

text: connected

text: pieces

text: each

text: piece

text: is

text: usually

text: called

text: component

text: or

text: connected

text: component

text: Mathematics (from Greek  "máthma", knowledge, study, learning) is the study of topics such as quantity (numbers), structure, space, and change. There is a range of views among mathematicians and philosophers as to the exact scope and definition of mathematics.

text: Mathematics

text: from

text: Greek

text: máthma

text: knowledge

text: study

text: learning

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: topics

text: such

text: as

text: quantity

text: numbers

text: structure

text: space

text: and

text: change

text: There

text: is

text: range

text: of

text: views

text: among

text: mathematicians

text: and

text: philosophers

text: as

text: to

text: the

text: exact

text: scope

text: and

text: definition

text: of

text: mathematics

text: Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, established in 1636, whose history, influence, and wealth have made it one of the world's most prestigious universities.

text: Harvard

text: University

text: is

text: private

text: Ivy

text: League

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Cambridge

text: Massachusetts

text: established

text: in

text: whose

text: history

text: influence

text: and

text: wealth

text: have

text: made

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: prestigious

text: universities

text:
A mathematical problem is a problem that is amenable to being represented, analyzed, and possibly solved, with the methods of mathematics. This can be a real-world problem, such as computing the orbits of the planets in the solar system, or a problem of a more abstract nature, such as Hilbert's problems.<br>
It can also be a problem referring to the nature of mathematics itself, such as Russell's Paradox.

text: mathematical

text: problem

text: is

text: problem

text: that

text: is

text: amenable

text: to

text: being

text: represented

text: analyzed

text: and

text: possibly

text: solved

text: with

text: the

text: methods

text: of

text: mathematics

text: This

text: can

text: be

text: real

text: world

text: problem

text: such

text: as

text: computing

text: the

text: orbits

text: of

text: the

text: planets

text: in

text: the

text: solar

text: system

text: or

text: problem

text: of

text: more

text: abstract

text: nature

text: such

text: as

text: Hilbert

text: 's

text: problems.<br

text: It

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: problem

text: referring

text: to

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: mathematics

text: itself

text: such

text: as

text: Russell

text: 's

text: Paradox

text: In topology, an open set is an abstract concept generalizing the idea of an open interval in the real line. The simplest example is in metric spaces, where open sets can be defined as those sets which contain an open ball around each of their points (or, equivalently, a set is open if it doesn't contain any of its boundary points); however, an open set, in general, can be very abstract: any collection of sets can be called open, as long as the union of an arbitrary number of open sets is open, the intersection of a finite number of open sets is open, and the space itself is open. These conditions are very loose, and they allow enormous flexibility in the choice of open sets. In the two extremes, every set can be open (called the discrete topology), or no set can be open but the space itself and the empty set (the indiscrete topology).

text: In

text: topology

text: an

text: open

text: set

text: is

text: an

text: abstract

text: concept

text: generalizing

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: an

text: open

text: interval

text: in

text: the

text: real

text: line

text: The

text: simplest

text: example

text: is

text: in

text: metric

text: spaces

text: where

text: open

text: sets

text: can

text: be

text: defined

text: as

text: those

text: sets

text: which

text: contain

text: an

text: open

text: ball

text: around

text: each

text: of

text: their

text: points

text: or

text: equivalently

text: set

text: is

text: open

text: if

text: it

text: does

text: n't

text: contain

text: any

text: of

text: its

text: boundary

text: points

text: however

text: an

text: open

text: set

text: in

text: general

text: can

text: be

text: very

text: abstract

text: any

text: collection

text: of

text: sets

text: can

text: be

text: called

text: open

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: the

text: union

text: of

text: an

text: arbitrary

text: number

text: of

text: open

text: sets

text: is

text: open

text: the

text: intersection

text: of

text: finite

text: number

text: of

text: open

text: sets

text: is

text: open

text: and

text: the

text: space

text: itself

text: is

text: open

text: These

text: conditions

text: are

text: very

text: loose

text: and

text: they

text: allow

text: enormous

text: flexibility

text: in

text: the

text: choice

text: of

text: open

text: sets

text: In

text: the

text: two

text: extremes

text: every

text: set

text: can

text: be

text: open

text: called

text: the

text: discrete

text: topology

text: or

text: no

text: set

text: can

text: be

text: open

text: but

text: the

text: space

text: itself

text: and

text: the

text: empty

text: set

text: the

text: indiscrete

text: topology

text: Ann Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. The 2010 census recorded its population to be 113,934, making it the sixth largest city in Michigan. The city's population was estimated at 117,070 as of July 2015 by the U.S. Census Bureau. The Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) includes all of Washtenaw County, which had a population of 344,791 as of 2010. The city is also part of the larger DetroitAnn ArborFlint, MI Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with a population of 5,318,744.

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Michigan

text: and

text: the

text: county

text: seat

text: of

text: Washtenaw

text: County

text: The

text: census

text: recorded

text: its

text: population

text: to

text: be

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Michigan

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: estimated

text: at

text: as

text: of

text: July

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: The

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Metropolitan

text: Statistical

text: Area

text: MSA

text: includes

text: all

text: of

text: Washtenaw

text: County

text: which

text: had

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: DetroitAnn

text: ArborFlint

text: MI

text: Combined

text: Statistical

text: Area

text: CSA

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in his/her work, typically to solve mathematical problems.

text: mathematician

text: is

text: someone

text: who

text: uses

text: an

text: extensive

text: knowledge

text: of

text: mathematics

text: in

text: his

text: her

text: work

text: typically

text: to

text: solve

text: mathematical

text: problems

text: In mathematics, topology (from the Greek , "place", and , "study") is concerned with the properties of space that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching and bending, but not tearing or gluing. This can be studied by considering a collection of subsets, called open sets, that satisfy certain properties, turning the given set into what is known as a topological space. Important topological properties include connectedness and compactness.

text: In

text: mathematics

text: topology

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: place

text: and

text: study

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: space

text: that

text: are

text: preserved

text: under

text: continuous

text: deformations

text: such

text: as

text: stretching

text: and

text: bending

text: but

text: not

text: tearing

text: or

text: gluing

text: This

text: can

text: be

text: studied

text: by

text: considering

text: collection

text: of

text: subsets

text: called

text: open

text: sets

text: that

text: satisfy

text: certain

text: properties

text: turning

text: the

text: given

text: set

text: into

text: what

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: topological

text: space

text: Important

text: topological

text: properties

text: include

text: connectedness

text: and

text: compactness

text: A research university is a university that expects all its tenured and tenure-track faculty to continuously engage in research, as opposed to merely requiring it as a condition of an initial appointment or tenure. Such universities can be recognized by their strong focus on innovative research and the prestige of their brand names. On the one hand, research universities strive to recruit faculty who are the most brilliant minds in their disciplines in the world, and their students enjoy the opportunity to learn from such experts. On the other hand, new students are often disappointed to realize their undergraduate courses at research universities are overly academic and fail to provide vocational training with immediate "real world" applications; but many employers value degrees from research universities because they know that such coursework develops fundamental skills like critical thinking.

text: research

text: university

text: is

text: university

text: that

text: expects

text: all

text: its

text: tenured

text: and

text: tenure

text: track

text: faculty

text: to

text: continuously

text: engage

text: in

text: research

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: merely

text: requiring

text: it

text: as

text: condition

text: of

text: an

text: initial

text: appointment

text: or

text: tenure

text: Such

text: universities

text: can

text: be

text: recognized

text: by

text: their

text: strong

text: focus

text: on

text: innovative

text: research

text: and

text: the

text: prestige

text: of

text: their

text: brand

text: names

text: On

text: the

text: one

text: hand

text: research

text: universities

text: strive

text: to

text: recruit

text: faculty

text: who

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: brilliant

text: minds

text: in

text: their

text: disciplines

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: their

text: students

text: enjoy

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: learn

text: from

text: such

text: experts

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: new

text: students

text: are

text: often

text: disappointed

text: to

text: realize

text: their

text: undergraduate

text: courses

text: at

text: research

text: universities

text: are

text: overly

text: academic

text: and

text: fail

text: to

text: provide

text: vocational

text: training

text: with

text: immediate

text: real

text: world

text: applications

text: but

text: many

text: employers

text: value

text: degrees

text: from

text: research

text: universities

text: because

text: they

text: know

text: that

text: such

text: coursework

text: develops

text: fundamental

text: skills

text: like

text: critical

text: thinking

text: Sumner Byron Myers ( February 19 , 1910 -- October 8 , 1955 ) was an American mathematician specialized in topology . He studied at Harvard University under H. C. Marston Morse , where he was graduated with a Ph.D. in 1932 . Myers then pursued postdoctoral studies at Princeton University ( 1934 -- 1936 ) before becoming a professor for mathematics at the University of Michigan , where an award for outstanding students of mathematics has been named in his honor . He died unexpectedly from a heart attack during the 1955 Michigan -- Army football game at Michigan Stadium .

text: Sumner

text: Byron

text: Myers

text: February

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: mathematician

text: specialized

text: in

text: topology

text: He

text: studied

text: at

text: Harvard

text: University

text: under

text: Marston

text: Morse

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: graduated

text: with

text: Ph.D.

text: in

text: Myers

text: then

text: pursued

text: postdoctoral

text: studies

text: at

text: Princeton

text: University

text: before

text: becoming

text: professor

text: for

text: mathematics

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: where

text: an

text: award

text: for

text: outstanding

text: students

text: of

text: mathematics

text: has

text: been

text: named

text: in

text: his

text: honor

text: He

text: died

text: unexpectedly

text: from

text: heart

text: attack

text: during

text: the

text: Michigan

text: Army

text: football

text: game

text: at

text: Michigan

text: Stadium

text: The Ivy League is a collegiate athletic conference comprising sports teams from eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The conference name is also commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group beyond the sports context. The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, and Yale University. The term "Ivy League" has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism.

text: The

text: Ivy

text: League

text: is

text: collegiate

text: athletic

text: conference

text: comprising

text: sports

text: teams

text: from

text: eight

text: private

text: institutions

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: in

text: the

text: Northeastern

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: conference

text: name

text: is

text: also

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: those

text: eight

text: schools

text: as

text: group

text: beyond

text: the

text: sports

text: context

text: The

text: eight

text: institutions

text: are

text: Brown

text: University

text: Columbia

text: University

text: Cornell

text: University

text: Dartmouth

text: College

text: Harvard

text: University

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: Princeton

text: University

text: and

text: Yale

text: University

text: The

text: term

text: Ivy

text: League

text: has

text: connotations

text: of

text: academic

text: excellence

text: selectivity

text: in

text: admissions

text: and

text: social

text: elitism

text: Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States.

text: Princeton

text: University

text: is

text: private

text: Ivy

text: League

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Princeton

text: New

text: Jersey

text: United

text: States

text: Michigan Stadium, nicknamed "The Big House", is the football stadium for the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It is the largest stadium in the United States, the second largest stadium in the world and the 34th largest sports venue. Its official capacity is 107,601, but it has hosted crowds in excess of 115,000.

text: Michigan

text: Stadium

text: nicknamed

text: The

text: Big

text: House

text: is

text: the

text: football

text: stadium

text: for

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Michigan

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: stadium

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: stadium

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: sports

text: venue

text: Its

text: official

text: capacity

text: is

text: but

text: it

text: has

text: hosted

text: crowds

text: in

text: excess

text: of

annotations: follows multiple

question: place_of_birth sumner byron myers

answer: boston

text: boston


text: Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , "Afnistn"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world.

text: Afghanistan

text: Pashto

text: Dari

text: Afnistn

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: landlocked

text: country

text: located

text: within

text: South

text: Asia

text: and

text: Central

text: Asia

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Pakistan

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: Iran

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: Turkmenistan

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: Its

text: territory

text: covers

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Kandahar or Qandahar (, Persian: , , known in older literature as Candahar) is the second-largest city in Afghanistan, with a population of about 491,500 . Formerly called Alexandria Arachosia, the city is named after Alexander the Great, who founded it in 329 BC around a small ancient Arachosian town. Kandahar is the capital of Kandahar Province, located in the south of the country at an altitude of 1,010 m above sea level. The Arghandab River runs along the west of the city. The city of Kandahar has a population of 557,118. It has 15 districts and a total land area of 27,337 hectares. The total number of dwellings in Kandahar is 61,902.

text: Kandahar

text: or

text: Qandahar

text: Persian

text: known

text: in

text: older

text: literature

text: as

text: Candahar

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: about

text: Formerly

text: called

text: Alexandria

text: Arachosia

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: who

text: founded

text: it

text: in

text: BC

text: around

text: small

text: ancient

text: Arachosian

text: town

text: Kandahar

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Kandahar

text: Province

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: at

text: an

text: altitude

text: of

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: The

text: Arghandab

text: River

text: runs

text: along

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Kandahar

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: It

text: has

text: districts

text: and

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: hectares

text: The

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: dwellings

text: in

text: Kandahar

text: is

text: Farid Ahmadi ( born 6 February 1988 ) is an Afghan football player . He plays as a Midfielder and has played football with Kandahar Aryan since 2005 .

text: Farid

text: Ahmadi

text: born

text: February

text: is

text: an

text: Afghan

text: football

text: player

text: He

text: plays

text: as

text: Midfielder

text: and

text: has

text: played

text: football

text: with

text: Kandahar

text: Aryan

text: since

text: Kandahar Aryan Football Club is an association football club based in Kandahar, Afghanistan. In September 2005, it played a friendly match against Shaheed Azizullah, a team from the Balochistan region of Pakistan.

text: Kandahar

text: Aryan

text: Football

text: Club

text: is

text: an

text: association

text: football

text: club

text: based

text: in

text: Kandahar

text: Afghanistan

text: In

text: September

text: it

text: played

text: friendly

text: match

text: against

text: Shaheed

text: Azizullah

text: team

text: from

text: the

text: Balochistan

text: region

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: Pakistan (or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman.

text: Pakistan

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: on

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: sixth

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: population

text: exceeding

text: million

text: people

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: covering

text: Pakistan

text: has

text: coastline

text: along

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: India

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Iran

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: China

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: northeast

text: respectively

text: It

text: is

text: separated

text: from

text: Tajikistan

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: 's

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: also

text: shares

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Oman

annotations: likely single

question: country_of_citizenship farid ahmadi

answer: afghanistan

text: afghanistan

text: afghanistan

text: afghanistan

text: afghanistan

text: afghanistan

text: afghanistan


text: The New Zealand national football team represents New Zealand in international football. The team is controlled by the governing body for football in New Zealand New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the "All Whites", being one of many national team nicknames related to the All Blacks.

text: The

text: New

text: Zealand

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: represents

text: New

text: Zealand

text: in

text: international

text: football

text: The

text: team

text: is

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: governing

text: body

text: for

text: football

text: in

text: New

text: Zealand

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Football

text: NZF

text: which

text: is

text: currently

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Oceania

text: Football

text: Confederation

text: OFC

text: The

text: team

text: 's

text: official

text: nickname

text: is

text: the

text: All

text: Whites

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: many

text: national

text: team

text: nicknames

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: All

text: Blacks

text: The Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) is one of the six continental confederations of international association football, consisting of New Zealand, Fiji, Tonga, and other Pacific Island countries. It promotes the game in Oceania and allows the member nations to qualify for the FIFA World Cup.

text: The

text: Oceania

text: Football

text: Confederation

text: OFC

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: six

text: continental

text: confederations

text: of

text: international

text: association

text: football

text: consisting

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Fiji

text: Tonga

text: and

text: other

text: Pacific

text: Island

text: countries

text: It

text: promotes

text: the

text: game

text: in

text: Oceania

text: and

text: allows

text: the

text: member

text: nations

text: to

text: qualify

text: for

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Cup

text: New Zealand Football is the governing body for the sport of association football in New Zealand. It oversees the seven New Zealand Football federations, as well as the New Zealand national football team (nicknamed the "All Whites"), the national junior and women's teams (nicknamed the "Football Ferns"), the men's and women's National League (the men's league is known as the Stirling Sports Premiership, with a number of tournaments, including the Chatham Cup. The Stirling Sports Premiership is played in the New Zealand summer between eight teams. A New Zealand team, Wellington Phoenix FC, play in the Australian A-League.

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Football

text: is

text: the

text: governing

text: body

text: for

text: the

text: sport

text: of

text: association

text: football

text: in

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: oversees

text: the

text: seven

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Football

text: federations

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: All

text: Whites

text: the

text: national

text: junior

text: and

text: women

text: 's

text: teams

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: Football

text: Ferns

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: and

text: women

text: 's

text: National

text: League

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: league

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Stirling

text: Sports

text: Premiership

text: with

text: number

text: of

text: tournaments

text: including

text: the

text: Chatham

text: Cup

text: The

text: Stirling

text: Sports

text: Premiership

text: is

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: summer

text: between

text: eight

text: teams

text: New

text: Zealand

text: team

text: Wellington

text: Phoenix

text: FC

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: League

text: Anthony Patrick Hudson ( born 11 March 1981 ) is an English football manager , currently manager of the New Zealand national football team .

text: Anthony

text: Patrick

text: Hudson

text: born

text: March

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: football

text: manager

text: currently

text: manager

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: national

text: football

text: team

question: sport anthony hudson

answer: association football

text: association football

text: association football


text: Destroy Destroy Destroy is an American heavy metal band formed in Murfreesboro, Tennessee in late February 2003. With a line-up of Brian Kemp (vocals), Jeremiah Scott (guitar), and Andrew Hall (drums), they began writing songs; Soon thereafter, Destroy Destroy Destroy completed their outfit with Way Barrier (guitar), Adam Phillips (bass), and Brian Shorter (keyboards). The group then, started playing shows locally and recorded a self-financed EP, entitled "Kill or Be Killed". They have released two studio albums, "Devour the Power" (2006) and "Battle Sluts" (2009), both through Black Market Activities.

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: heavy

text: metal

text: band

text: formed

text: in

text: Murfreesboro

text: Tennessee

text: in

text: late

text: February

text: With

text: line

text: up

text: of

text: Brian

text: Kemp

text: vocals

text: Jeremiah

text: Scott

text: guitar

text: and

text: Andrew

text: Hall

text: drums

text: they

text: began

text: writing

text: songs

text: Soon

text: thereafter

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: completed

text: their

text: outfit

text: with

text: Way

text: Barrier

text: guitar

text: Adam

text: Phillips

text: bass

text: and

text: Brian

text: Shorter

text: keyboards

text: The

text: group

text: then

text: started

text: playing

text: shows

text: locally

text: and

text: recorded

text: self

text: financed

text: EP

text: entitled

text: Kill

text: or

text: Be

text: Killed

text: They

text: have

text: released

text: two

text: studio

text: albums

text: Devour

text: the

text: Power

text: and

text: Battle

text: Sluts

text: both

text: through

text: Black

text: Market

text: Activities

text: Devour the Power is the debut album by American heavy metal band Destroy Destroy Destroy.

text: Devour

text: the

text: Power

text: is

text: the

text: debut

text: album

text: by

text: American

text: heavy

text: metal

text: band

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: Black Market Activities (sometimes abbreviated BMA) is an American independent record label that was founded in 2003 by Guy Kozowyk, the frontman of the Boston, Massachusetts-based extreme metal band the Red Chord.

text: Black

text: Market

text: Activities

text: sometimes

text: abbreviated

text: BMA

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: independent

text: record

text: label

text: that

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Guy

text: Kozowyk

text: the

text: frontman

text: of

text: the

text: Boston

text: Massachusetts

text: based

text: extreme

text: metal

text: band

text: the

text: Red

text: Chord

text: Battle Sluts is the second album by American heavy metal band Destroy Destroy Destroy .

text: Battle

text: Sluts

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: album

text: by

text: American

text: heavy

text: metal

text: band

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

text: Destroy

question: record_label battle sluts

answer: black market activities

text: black market activities

text: black market activities