text: The Crocodilia (or Crocodylia) are an order of mostly large, predatory, semiaquatic reptiles. They appeared 83.5 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage) and are the closest living relatives of birds, as the two groups are the only known survivors of the Archosauria. Members of the order's total group, the clade Pseudosuchia, appeared about 250 million years ago in the Early Triassic period, and diversified during the Mesozoic era. The order Crocodilia includes the true crocodiles (family Crocodylidae), the alligators and caimans (family Alligatoridae), and the gharial and false gharial (family Gavialidae). Although the term 'crocodiles' is sometimes used to refer to all of these, a less ambiguous vernacular term for this group is crocodilians.

text: The

text: Crocodilia

text: or

text: Crocodylia

text: are

text: an

text: order

text: of

text: mostly

text: large

text: predatory

text: semiaquatic

text: reptiles

text: They

text: appeared

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: the

text: Late

text: Cretaceous

text: period

text: Campanian

text: stage

text: and

text: are

text: the

text: closest

text: living

text: relatives

text: of

text: birds

text: as

text: the

text: two

text: groups

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: known

text: survivors

text: of

text: the

text: Archosauria

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: order

text: 's

text: total

text: group

text: the

text: clade

text: Pseudosuchia

text: appeared

text: about

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: the

text: Early

text: Triassic

text: period

text: and

text: diversified

text: during

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: era

text: The

text: order

text: Crocodilia

text: includes

text: the

text: true

text: crocodiles

text: family

text: Crocodylidae

text: the

text: alligators

text: and

text: caimans

text: family

text: Alligatoridae

text: and

text: the

text: gharial

text: and

text: false

text: gharial

text: family

text: Gavialidae

text: Although

text: the

text: term

text: crocodiles

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: less

text: ambiguous

text: vernacular

text: term

text: for

text: this

text: group

text: is

text: crocodilians

text: Russia is not proportionately populated between the smaller western portion (almost 25%) of the country that is considered part of Europe, and the larger eastern portion (more than 75%) that is part of Asia. European Russia contains about 77% of the country's population (110,000,000 people out of about 144,000,000) in an area comprising almost 4 million km (1.54 million mi); an average of 27.5 persons per km (70 per mi). This territory makes up 38% of Europe. Its eastern border is defined by the Ural Mountains and in the south, it is defined by the border with Kazakhstan. This area includes Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the two largest cities in Russia.

text: Russia

text: is

text: not

text: proportionately

text: populated

text: between

text: the

text: smaller

text: western

text: portion

text: almost

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: larger

text: eastern

text: portion

text: more

text: than

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: Asia

text: European

text: Russia

text: contains

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: population

text: people

text: out

text: of

text: about

text: in

text: an

text: area

text: comprising

text: almost

text: million

text: km

text: million

text: mi

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: persons

text: per

text: km

text: per

text: mi

text: This

text: territory

text: makes

text: up

text: of

text: Europe

text: Its

text: eastern

text: border

text: is

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: Ural

text: Mountains

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: it

text: is

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Kazakhstan

text: This

text: area

text: includes

text: Moscow

text: and

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: the

text: two

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: Russia

text: A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

text: genus

text: genera

text: is

text: taxonomic

text: rank

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: biological

text: classification

text: of

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: organisms

text: in

text: biology

text: In

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: biological

text: classification

text: genus

text: comes

text: above

text: species

text: and

text: below

text: family

text: In

text: binomial

text: nomenclature

text: the

text: genus

text: name

text: forms

text: the

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: binomial

text: species

text: name

text: for

text: each

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: The superclass Tetrapoda (Ancient Greek s tetrapods, "four-footed"), or the tetrapods , comprises the first four-limbed vertebrates and their descendants, including the living and extinct amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles and some ancient, exclusively aquatic creatures such as the Acanthostega. Tetrapods evolved from the lobe-finned fishes around 390 million years ago in the middle Devonian Period, with modern tetrapod groups having appeared by the late Devonian, 367.5 million years ago. The specific aquatic ancestors of the tetrapods, and the process by which land colonization occurred, remain unclear, and are areas of active research and debate among palaeontologists at present.

text: The

text: superclass

text: Tetrapoda

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: tetrapods

text: four

text: footed

text: or

text: the

text: tetrapods

text: comprises

text: the

text: first

text: four

text: limbed

text: vertebrates

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: including

text: the

text: living

text: and

text: extinct

text: amphibians

text: birds

text: mammals

text: reptiles

text: and

text: some

text: ancient

text: exclusively

text: aquatic

text: creatures

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Acanthostega

text: Tetrapods

text: evolved

text: from

text: the

text: lobe

text: finned

text: fishes

text: around

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: Devonian

text: Period

text: with

text: modern

text: tetrapod

text: groups

text: having

text: appeared

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: Devonian

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: The

text: specific

text: aquatic

text: ancestors

text: of

text: the

text: tetrapods

text: and

text: the

text: process

text: by

text: which

text: land

text: colonization

text: occurred

text: remain

text: unclear

text: and

text: are

text: areas

text: of

text: active

text: research

text: and

text: debate

text: among

text: palaeontologists

text: at

text: present

text: Moscow (or ) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 16.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city.

text: Moscow

text: or

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: Russia

text: with

text: million

text: residents

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: limits

text: and

text: million

text: within

text: the

text: urban

text: area

text: Moscow

text: has

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: Russian

text: federal

text: city

text: Novosibirsk is the third-most populous city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg. It is the most populous city in Asian Russia, with a population of 1,473,754 as of the 2010 Census. It is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast as well as of the Siberian Federal District. The city is located in the southwestern part of Siberia on the banks of the Ob River adjacent to the Ob River Valley, near the large water reservoir formed by the dam of the Novosibirsk Hydro Power Plant, and occupies an area of .

text: Novosibirsk

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Russia

text: after

text: Moscow

text: and

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Asian

text: Russia

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: Census

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: center

text: of

text: Novosibirsk

text: Oblast

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: Siberian

text: Federal

text: District

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: part

text: of

text: Siberia

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Ob

text: River

text: adjacent

text: to

text: the

text: Ob

text: River

text: Valley

text: near

text: the

text: large

text: water

text: reservoir

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: dam

text: of

text: the

text: Novosibirsk

text: Hydro

text: Power

text: Plant

text: and

text: occupies

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: The Permian is a geologic period and system which spans 46.7 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 252.2 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the city of Perm.

text: The

text: Permian

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: which

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Carboniferous

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Triassic

text: Period

text: Mya

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Paleozoic

text: Era

text: the

text: following

text: Triassic

text: Period

text: belongs

text: to

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: Permian

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: by

text: geologist

text: Sir

text: Roderick

text: Murchison

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: after

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Perm

text: Reptiles are tetrapod (four-limbed vertebrate) animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives. The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology.

text: Reptiles

text: are

text: tetrapod

text: four

text: limbed

text: vertebrate

text: animals

text: in

text: the

text: class

text: Reptilia

text: comprising

text: today

text: 's

text: turtles

text: crocodilians

text: snakes

text: amphisbaenians

text: lizards

text: tuatara

text: and

text: their

text: extinct

text: relatives

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: these

text: traditional

text: reptile

text: orders

text: historically

text: combined

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: modern

text: amphibians

text: is

text: called

text: herpetology

text: Sarmatosuchus is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile found in sediments of early Triassic age and know from the single species Sarmatosuchus otschevi . The holotype and only specimen was found in litified river deposits of the Donguz Formation exposed near the Berdyanka River , Orenburg region , Russia . The genus was originally included in the extinct family Proterosuchidae . However later analysis by David Gower and Andrei Sennikov , the describing author , has removed it from the Proterosuchidae and designated it a basal archosaur .

text: Sarmatosuchus

text: is

text: an

text: extinct

text: genus

text: of

text: archosauriform

text: reptile

text: found

text: in

text: sediments

text: of

text: early

text: Triassic

text: age

text: and

text: know

text: from

text: the

text: single

text: species

text: Sarmatosuchus

text: otschevi

text: The

text: holotype

text: and

text: only

text: specimen

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: litified

text: river

text: deposits

text: of

text: the

text: Donguz

text: Formation

text: exposed

text: near

text: the

text: Berdyanka

text: River

text: Orenburg

text: region

text: Russia

text: The

text: genus

text: was

text: originally

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: extinct

text: family

text: Proterosuchidae

text: However

text: later

text: analysis

text: by

text: David

text: Gower

text: and

text: Andrei

text: Sennikov

text: the

text: describing

text: author

text: has

text: removed

text: it

text: from

text: the

text: Proterosuchidae

text: and

text: designated

text: it

text: basal

text: archosaur

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains. The group, traditionally recognized as the suborder Lacertilia, is defined as all extant members of the Lepidosauria (reptiles with overlapping scales) that are neither sphenodonts (i.e., tuatara) nor snakes  they form an evolutionary grade. While the snakes are recognized as falling phylogenetically within the Toxicofera clade from which they evolved, the sphenodonts are the sister group to the squamates, the larger monophyletic group, which includes both the lizards and the snakes.

text: Lizards

text: are

text: widespread

text: group

text: of

text: squamate

text: reptiles

text: with

text: over

text: species

text: ranging

text: across

text: all

text: continents

text: except

text: Antarctica

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: most

text: oceanic

text: island

text: chains

text: The

text: group

text: traditionally

text: recognized

text: as

text: the

text: suborder

text: Lacertilia

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: all

text: extant

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Lepidosauria

text: reptiles

text: with

text: overlapping

text: scales

text: that

text: are

text: neither

text: sphenodonts

text: i.e.

text: tuatara

text: nor

text: snakes

text: they

text: form

text: an

text: evolutionary

text: grade

text: While

text: the

text: snakes

text: are

text: recognized

text: as

text: falling

text: phylogenetically

text: within

text: the

text: Toxicofera

text: clade

text: from

text: which

text: they

text: evolved

text: the

text: sphenodonts

text: are

text: the

text: sister

text: group

text: to

text: the

text: squamates

text: the

text: larger

text: monophyletic

text: group

text: which

text: includes

text: both

text: the

text: lizards

text: and

text: the

text: snakes

text: Tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand. Although resembling most lizards, they are part of a distinct lineage, the order Rhynchocephalia. Their name derives from the Mori language, and means "peaks on the back". The single species of tuatara is the only surviving member of its order, which flourished around 200 million years ago. Their most recent common ancestor with any other extant group is with the squamates (lizards and snakes). For this reason, tuatara are of great interest in the study of the evolution of lizards and snakes, and for the reconstruction of the appearance and habits of the earliest diapsids, a group of amniote tetrapods that also includes dinosaurs, birds, and crocodilians.

text: Tuatara

text: are

text: reptiles

text: endemic

text: to

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Although

text: resembling

text: most

text: lizards

text: they

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: distinct

text: lineage

text: the

text: order

text: Rhynchocephalia

text: Their

text: name

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Mori

text: language

text: and

text: means

text: peaks

text: on

text: the

text: back

text: The

text: single

text: species

text: of

text: tuatara

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: surviving

text: member

text: of

text: its

text: order

text: which

text: flourished

text: around

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Their

text: most

text: recent

text: common

text: ancestor

text: with

text: any

text: other

text: extant

text: group

text: is

text: with

text: the

text: squamates

text: lizards

text: and

text: snakes

text: For

text: this

text: reason

text: tuatara

text: are

text: of

text: great

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: lizards

text: and

text: snakes

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: reconstruction

text: of

text: the

text: appearance

text: and

text: habits

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: diapsids

text: group

text: of

text: amniote

text: tetrapods

text: that

text: also

text: includes

text: dinosaurs

text: birds

text: and

text: crocodilians

text: The Jurassic (from Jura Mountains) is a geologic period and system that spans 56.3 million years from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic Era, also known as the Age of Reptiles. The start of the period is marked by the major TriassicJurassic extinction event. Two other extinction events occurred during the period: the Pliensbachian/Toarcian event in the Early Jurassic, and the Tithonian event at the end; however, neither event ranks among the "Big Five" mass extinctions.

text: The

text: Jurassic

text: from

text: Jura

text: Mountains

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: that

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Triassic

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: Period

text: Mya

text: The

text: Jurassic

text: constitutes

text: the

text: middle

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Reptiles

text: The

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: is

text: marked

text: by

text: the

text: major

text: TriassicJurassic

text: extinction

text: event

text: Two

text: other

text: extinction

text: events

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: the

text: Pliensbachian

text: Toarcian

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: Early

text: Jurassic

text: and

text: the

text: Tithonian

text: event

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: however

text: neither

text: event

text: ranks

text: among

text: the

text: Big

text: Five

text: mass

text: extinctions

text: Crocodiles (subfamily Crocodylinae) or true crocodiles are large aquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. Crocodylinae, all of whose members are considered true crocodiles, is classified as a biological subfamily. A broader sense of the term crocodile, Crocodylidae that includes "Tomistoma", is not used in this article. The term crocodile here applies only to the species within the subfamily of Crocodylinae. The term is sometimes used even more loosely to include all extant members of the order Crocodilia, which includes "Tomistoma", the alligators and caimans (family Alligatoridae), the gharials (family Gavialidae), and all other living and fossil Crocodylomorpha.

text: Crocodiles

text: subfamily

text: Crocodylinae

text: or

text: true

text: crocodiles

text: are

text: large

text: aquatic

text: reptiles

text: that

text: live

text: throughout

text: the

text: tropics

text: in

text: Africa

text: Asia

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: Australia

text: Crocodylinae

text: all

text: of

text: whose

text: members

text: are

text: considered

text: true

text: crocodiles

text: is

text: classified

text: as

text: biological

text: subfamily

text: broader

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: crocodile

text: Crocodylidae

text: that

text: includes

text: Tomistoma

text: is

text: not

text: used

text: in

text: this

text: article

text: The

text: term

text: crocodile

text: here

text: applies

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: subfamily

text: of

text: Crocodylinae

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: even

text: more

text: loosely

text: to

text: include

text: all

text: extant

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: order

text: Crocodilia

text: which

text: includes

text: Tomistoma

text: the

text: alligators

text: and

text: caimans

text: family

text: Alligatoridae

text: the

text: gharials

text: family

text: Gavialidae

text: and

text: all

text: other

text: living

text: and

text: fossil

text: Crocodylomorpha

text: The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants". It was formerly called the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN); the name was changed at the International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011 as part of the "Melbourne Code" which replaces the "Vienna Code" of 2005. As with previous codes, it took effect as soon as it was ratified by the congress (on Saturday 23 July 2011), but the documentation of the code in its final form was not finished until some time after the congressional meeting. Preliminary wording of some of the articles with the most significant changes has been published in September 2011.

text: The

text: International

text: Code

text: of

text: Nomenclature

text: for

text: algae

text: fungi

text: and

text: plants

text: ICN

text: is

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: rules

text: and

text: recommendations

text: dealing

text: with

text: the

text: formal

text: botanical

text: names

text: that

text: are

text: given

text: to

text: plants

text: fungi

text: and

text: few

text: other

text: groups

text: of

text: organisms

text: all

text: those

text: traditionally

text: treated

text: as

text: algae

text: fungi

text: or

text: plants

text: It

text: was

text: formerly

text: called

text: the

text: International

text: Code

text: of

text: Botanical

text: Nomenclature

text: ICBN

text: the

text: name

text: was

text: changed

text: at

text: the

text: International

text: Botanical

text: Congress

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: in

text: July

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Melbourne

text: Code

text: which

text: replaces

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Code

text: of

text: As

text: with

text: previous

text: codes

text: it

text: took

text: effect

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: ratified

text: by

text: the

text: congress

text: on

text: Saturday

text: July

text: but

text: the

text: documentation

text: of

text: the

text: code

text: in

text: its

text: final

text: form

text: was

text: not

text: finished

text: until

text: some

text: time

text: after

text: the

text: congressional

text: meeting

text: Preliminary

text: wording

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: articles

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: significant

text: changes

text: has

text: been

text: published

text: in

text: September

text: The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.9 million years from the end of the Permian Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period Mya. The Triassic is the first period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich von Alberti, after the three distinct rock layers ("tri" meaning "three") that are found throughout Germany and northwestern Europered beds, capped by marine limestone, followed by a series of terrestrial mud- and sandstonescalled the "Trias".

text: The

text: Triassic

text: is

text: geologic

text: period

text: and

text: system

text: which

text: spans

text: million

text: years

text: from

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Permian

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: Mya

text: to

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Period

text: Mya

text: The

text: Triassic

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: Era

text: Both

text: the

text: start

text: and

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: are

text: marked

text: by

text: major

text: extinction

text: events

text: The

text: Triassic

text: was

text: named

text: in

text: by

text: Friedrich

text: von

text: Alberti

text: after

text: the

text: three

text: distinct

text: rock

text: layers

text: tri

text: meaning

text: three

text: that

text: are

text: found

text: throughout

text: Germany

text: and

text: northwestern

text: Europered

text: beds

text: capped

text: by

text: marine

text: limestone

text: followed

text: by

text: series

text: of

text: terrestrial

text: mud-

text: and

text: sandstonescalled

text: the

text: Trias

text: In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.

text: In

text: biology

text: an

text: organism

text: is

text: any

text: contiguous

text: living

text: system

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: animal

text: plant

text: fungus

text: archaeon

text: or

text: bacterium

text: All

text: known

text: types

text: of

text: organisms

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: response

text: to

text: stimuli

text: reproduction

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: homeostasis

text: An

text: organism

text: consists

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: cells

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: one

text: cell

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: unicellular

text: organism

text: and

text: when

text: it

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Most

text: unicellular

text: organisms

text: are

text: of

text: microscopic

text: scale

text: and

text: are

text: thus

text: loosely

text: described

text: as

text: microorganisms

text: Humans

text: are

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: composed

text: of

text: many

text: trillions

text: of

text: cells

text: grouped

text: into

text: specialized

text: tissues

text: and

text: organs

text: Proterosuchidae is an early, possibly paraphyletic, assemblage of basal archosauriformes whose fossils are known from the Latest Permian and the Early Triassic of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and possibly South America. The name comes from Greek - ("first") and  ("crocodile").

text: Proterosuchidae

text: is

text: an

text: early

text: possibly

text: paraphyletic

text: assemblage

text: of

text: basal

text: archosauriformes

text: whose

text: fossils

text: are

text: known

text: from

text: the

text: Latest

text: Permian

text: and

text: the

text: Early

text: Triassic

text: of

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: Africa

text: Australia

text: and

text: possibly

text: South

text: America

text: The

text: name

text: comes

text: from

text: Greek

text: first

text: and

text: crocodile

text: Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles that developed from archosauromorph ancestors some time in the Late Permian (roughly 250 million years ago). It was defined by Jacques Gauthier (1994) as the clade stemming from the last common ancestor of Proterosuchidae and Archosauria; Phil Senter (2005) defined it as the most exclusive clade containing "Proterosuchus" and Archosauria. These reptiles, which include members of the family Proterosuchidae and more advanced forms, were originally superficially crocodile-like predatory semi-aquatic animals about 1.5 meters (5 ft) long, with a sprawling elbows-out stance and long snouts. Unlike the bulk of their therapsid contemporaries, the proterosuchids survived the catastrophe at the end of the Permian, perhaps because they were opportunistic scavengers or because they could retreat into water to find respite from an overheated climate. Any such scenarios are hypothetical; what is clearer is that these animals were highly successful in their new environment, and evolved quickly. Within a few million years at the opening of the Triassic, the proterosuchids had given rise to the Erythrosuchidae (the first sauropsids to totally dominate their environment), which in turn were the ancestors of the small agile Euparkeriidae, from which a number of successfully more advanced families  the archosaurs proper  evolved rapidly to fill empty ecological niches in the devastated global system. The Archosauria includes crocodylians, birds, and their extinct relatives.

text: Archosauriformes

text: Greek

text: for

text: ruling

text: lizards

text: and

text: Latin

text: for

text: form

text: is

text: clade

text: of

text: diapsid

text: reptiles

text: that

text: developed

text: from

text: archosauromorph

text: ancestors

text: some

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: Late

text: Permian

text: roughly

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: It

text: was

text: defined

text: by

text: Jacques

text: Gauthier

text: as

text: the

text: clade

text: stemming

text: from

text: the

text: last

text: common

text: ancestor

text: of

text: Proterosuchidae

text: and

text: Archosauria

text: Phil

text: Senter

text: defined

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: exclusive

text: clade

text: containing

text: Proterosuchus

text: and

text: Archosauria

text: These

text: reptiles

text: which

text: include

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: Proterosuchidae

text: and

text: more

text: advanced

text: forms

text: were

text: originally

text: superficially

text: crocodile

text: like

text: predatory

text: semi

text: aquatic

text: animals

text: about

text: meters

text: ft

text: long

text: with

text: sprawling

text: elbows

text: out

text: stance

text: and

text: long

text: snouts

text: Unlike

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: their

text: therapsid

text: contemporaries

text: the

text: proterosuchids

text: survived

text: the

text: catastrophe

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Permian

text: perhaps

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: opportunistic

text: scavengers

text: or

text: because

text: they

text: could

text: retreat

text: into

text: water

text: to

text: find

text: respite

text: from

text: an

text: overheated

text: climate

text: Any

text: such

text: scenarios

text: are

text: hypothetical

text: what

text: is

text: clearer

text: is

text: that

text: these

text: animals

text: were

text: highly

text: successful

text: in

text: their

text: new

text: environment

text: and

text: evolved

text: quickly

text: Within

text: few

text: million

text: years

text: at

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: the

text: Triassic

text: the

text: proterosuchids

text: had

text: given

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: Erythrosuchidae

text: the

text: first

text: sauropsids

text: to

text: totally

text: dominate

text: their

text: environment

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: were

text: the

text: ancestors

text: of

text: the

text: small

text: agile

text: Euparkeriidae

text: from

text: which

text: number

text: of

text: successfully

text: more

text: advanced

text: families

text: the

text: archosaurs

text: proper

text: evolved

text: rapidly

text: to

text: fill

text: empty

text: ecological

text: niches

text: in

text: the

text: devastated

text: global

text: system

text: The

text: Archosauria

text: includes

text: crocodylians

text: birds

text: and

text: their

text: extinct

text: relatives

text: Herpetology (from Greek ""herpein"" meaning "to creep") is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians (gymnophiona)) and reptiles (including snakes, lizards, amphisbaenids, turtles, terrapins, tortoises, crocodilians, and the tuataras). Batrachology is a further subdiscipline of herpetology concerned with the study of amphibians alone.

text: Herpetology

text: from

text: Greek

text: herpein

text: meaning

text: to

text: creep

text: is

text: the

text: branch

text: of

text: zoology

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: amphibians

text: including

text: frogs

text: toads

text: salamanders

text: newts

text: and

text: caecilians

text: gymnophiona

text: and

text: reptiles

text: including

text: snakes

text: lizards

text: amphisbaenids

text: turtles

text: terrapins

text: tortoises

text: crocodilians

text: and

text: the

text: tuataras

text: Batrachology

text: is

text: further

text: subdiscipline

text: of

text: herpetology

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: amphibians

text: alone

text: Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus.

text: Binomial

text: nomenclature

text: also

text: called

text: binominal

text: nomenclature

text: or

text: binary

text: nomenclature

text: is

text: formal

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: of

text: living

text: things

text: by

text: giving

text: each

text: name

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: use

text: Latin

text: grammatical

text: forms

text: although

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: words

text: from

text: other

text: languages

text: Such

text: name

text: is

text: called

text: binomial

text: name

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: shortened

text: to

text: just

text: binomial

text: binomen

text: or

text: scientific

text: name

text: more

text: informally

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: Latin

text: name

text: The

text: first

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: identifies

text: the

text: genus

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: species

text: belongs

text: the

text: second

text: part

text: identifies

text: the

text: species

text: within

text: the

text: genus

text: For

text: example

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: genus

text: Homo

text: and

text: within

text: this

text: genus

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: The

text: formal

text: introduction

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: of

text: naming

text: species

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: Carl

text: Linnaeus

text: effectively

text: beginning

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Species

text: Plantarum

text: in

text: But

text: Gaspard

text: Bauhin

text: in

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: had

text: introduced

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Pinax

text: theatri

text: botanici

text: English

text: Illustrated

text: exposition

text: of

text: plants

text: many

text: names

text: of

text: genera

text: that

text: were

text: later

text: adopted

text: by

text: Linnaeus

text: Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic decline in amphibian populations for many species around the globe.

text: Amphibians

text: are

text: ectothermic

text: tetrapod

text: vertebrates

text: of

text: the

text: class

text: Amphibia

text: Modern

text: amphibians

text: are

text: all

text: Lissamphibia

text: They

text: inhabit

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: habitats

text: with

text: most

text: species

text: living

text: within

text: terrestrial

text: fossorial

text: arboreal

text: or

text: freshwater

text: aquatic

text: ecosystems

text: Thus

text: amphibians

text: typically

text: start

text: out

text: as

text: larvae

text: living

text: in

text: water

text: but

text: some

text: species

text: have

text: developed

text: behavioural

text: adaptations

text: to

text: bypass

text: this

text: The

text: young

text: generally

text: undergo

text: metamorphosis

text: from

text: larva

text: with

text: gills

text: to

text: an

text: adult

text: air

text: breathing

text: form

text: with

text: lungs

text: Amphibians

text: use

text: their

text: skin

text: as

text: secondary

text: respiratory

text: surface

text: and

text: some

text: small

text: terrestrial

text: salamanders

text: and

text: frogs

text: lack

text: lungs

text: and

text: rely

text: entirely

text: on

text: their

text: skin

text: They

text: are

text: superficially

text: similar

text: to

text: lizards

text: but

text: along

text: with

text: mammals

text: and

text: birds

text: reptiles

text: are

text: amniotes

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: require

text: water

text: bodies

text: in

text: which

text: to

text: breed

text: With

text: their

text: complex

text: reproductive

text: needs

text: and

text: permeable

text: skins

text: amphibians

text: are

text: often

text: ecological

text: indicators

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: dramatic

text: decline

text: in

text: amphibian

text: populations

text: for

text: many

text: species

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: Amphisbaenia (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of usually legless squamates, comprising over 180 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a superficial resemblance to earthworms. While the genus "Bipes" retains forelimbs, all other genera are limbless. Although superficially similar to the snakes and Dibamidae, recent phylogenetic studies suggest that they are most closely related to the Lacertidae. Amphisbaenians are widely distributed, occurring in North America, Europe, Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. Most species are less than long. Little is known of them outside of their anatomy, and even that is difficult to study due to the mechanics of dissecting such small animals.

text: Amphisbaenia

text: called

text: amphisbaenians

text: or

text: worm

text: lizards

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: usually

text: legless

text: squamates

text: comprising

text: over

text: extant

text: species

text: Amphisbaenians

text: are

text: characterized

text: by

text: their

text: long

text: bodies

text: the

text: reduction

text: or

text: loss

text: of

text: the

text: limbs

text: and

text: rudimentary

text: eyes

text: As

text: many

text: species

text: have

text: pink

text: body

text: and

text: scales

text: arranged

text: in

text: rings

text: they

text: have

text: superficial

text: resemblance

text: to

text: earthworms

text: While

text: the

text: genus

text: Bipes

text: retains

text: forelimbs

text: all

text: other

text: genera

text: are

text: limbless

text: Although

text: superficially

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: snakes

text: and

text: Dibamidae

text: recent

text: phylogenetic

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: most

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: Lacertidae

text: Amphisbaenians

text: are

text: widely

text: distributed

text: occurring

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Europe

text: Africa

text: South

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Most

text: species

text: are

text: less

text: than

text: long

text: Little

text: is

text: known

text: of

text: them

text: outside

text: of

text: their

text: anatomy

text: and

text: even

text: that

text: is

text: difficult

text: to

text: study

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: mechanics

text: of

text: dissecting

text: such

text: small

text: animals

text: Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Rus

text: also

text: officially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: At

text: Russia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: surface

text: area

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: eighth

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: inhabited

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: populous

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: March

text: The

text: European

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: populated

text: and

text: urbanised

text: than

text: the

text: eastern

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: live

text: in

text: European

text: Russia

text: Russia

text: 's

text: capital

text: Moscow

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: other

text: major

text: urban

text: centers

text: include

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Novosibirsk

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Nizhny

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: Samara

text: Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws. To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung. Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca.

text: Snakes

text: are

text: elongated

text: legless

text: carnivorous

text: reptiles

text: of

text: the

text: suborder

text: Serpentes

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: distinguished

text: from

text: legless

text: lizards

text: by

text: their

text: lack

text: of

text: eyelids

text: and

text: external

text: ears

text: Like

text: all

text: squamates

text: snakes

text: are

text: ectothermic

text: amniote

text: vertebrates

text: covered

text: in

text: overlapping

text: scales

text: Many

text: species

text: of

text: snakes

text: have

text: skulls

text: with

text: several

text: more

text: joints

text: than

text: their

text: lizard

text: ancestors

text: enabling

text: them

text: to

text: swallow

text: prey

text: much

text: larger

text: than

text: their

text: heads

text: with

text: their

text: highly

text: mobile

text: jaws

text: To

text: accommodate

text: their

text: narrow

text: bodies

text: snakes

text: paired

text: organs

text: such

text: as

text: kidneys

text: appear

text: one

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: instead

text: of

text: side

text: by

text: side

text: and

text: most

text: have

text: only

text: one

text: functional

text: lung

text: Some

text: species

text: retain

text: pelvic

text: girdle

text: with

text: pair

text: of

text: vestigial

text: claws

text: on

text: either

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: cloaca

text: A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several such, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept.

text: holotype

text: is

text: single

text: physical

text: example

text: or

text: illustration

text: of

text: an

text: organism

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: when

text: the

text: species

text: or

text: lower

text: ranked

text: taxon

text: was

text: formally

text: described

text: It

text: is

text: either

text: the

text: single

text: such

text: physical

text: example

text: or

text: illustration

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: such

text: but

text: explicitly

text: designated

text: as

text: the

text: holotype

text: Under

text: the

text: International

text: Code

text: of

text: Zoological

text: Nomenclature

text: ICZN

text: holotype

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: kinds

text: of

text: name

text: bearing

text: types

text: In

text: the

text: International

text: Code

text: of

text: Nomenclature

text: for

text: algae

text: fungi

text: and

text: plants

text: ICN

text: and

text: ICZN

text: the

text: definitions

text: of

text: types

text: are

text: similar

text: in

text: intent

text: but

text: not

text: identical

text: in

text: terminology

text: or

text: underlying

text: concept

question: parent_taxon sarmatosuchus

answer: archosauriformes

text: archosauriformes

text: archosauriformes


text: Earth, otherwise known as the world, is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.

text: Earth

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: planet

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: object

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: known

text: to

text: harbor

text: life

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: densest

text: planet

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: Antarctica (US English , UK English or ) is Earth's southernmost continent. It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At , it is the fifth-largest continent. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.

text: Antarctica

text: US

text: English

text: UK

text: English

text: or

text: is

text: Earth

text: 's

text: southernmost

text: continent

text: It

text: contains

text: the

text: geographic

text: South

text: Pole

text: and

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: almost

text: entirely

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Circle

text: and

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: At

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: continent

text: For

text: comparison

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: nearly

text: twice

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Australia

text: About

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: covered

text: by

text: ice

text: that

text: averages

text: in

text: thickness

text: which

text: extends

text: to

text: all

text: but

text: the

text: northernmost

text: reaches

text: of

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Peninsula

text: Sittwe Township ) is a township of Sittwe District in the Rakhine State of Myanmar. The principal town is Sittwe.

text: Sittwe

text: Township

text: is

text: township

text: of

text: Sittwe

text: District

text: in

text: the

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: The

text: principal

text: town

text: is

text: Sittwe

text: The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.

text: The

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Ocean

text: or

text: the

text: Austral

text: Ocean

text: comprises

text: the

text: southernmost

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Ocean

text: generally

text: taken

text: to

text: be

text: south

text: of

text: latitude

text: and

text: encircling

text: Antarctica

text: As

text: such

text: it

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: principal

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: smaller

text: than

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: Indian

text: Oceans

text: but

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: This

text: ocean

text: zone

text: is

text: where

text: cold

text: northward

text: flowing

text: waters

text: from

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: mix

text: with

text: warmer

text: subantarctic

text: waters

text: Chittagong Division is geographically the largest of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the south-easternmost areas of the country, with a total area of and a population at the 2011 census of 28,423,019.

text: Chittagong

text: Division

text: is

text: geographically

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: eight

text: administrative

text: divisions

text: of

text: Bangladesh

text: It

text: covers

text: the

text: south

text: easternmost

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: of

text:
Rakhine State ( formerly Arakan) is a state in Myanmar (Burma). Situated on the western coast, it is bordered by Chin State to the north, Magway Region, Bago Region and Ayeyarwady Region to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the west, and the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh to the northwest. It is located approximately between latitudes 17°30' north and 21°30' north and east longitudes 92°10' east and 94°50' east. The Arakan Mountains, rising to at Victoria Peak, separate Rakhine State from central Burma. Off the coast of Rakhine State there are some fairly large islands such as Cheduba and Myingun Island.
Rakhine State has an area of and its capital is Sittwe.

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: formerly

text: Arakan

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: Situated

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: coast

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Chin

text: State

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Magway

text: Region

text: Bago

text: Region

text: and

text: Ayeyarwady

text: Region

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: the

text: Chittagong

text: Division

text: of

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: approximately

text: between

text: latitudes

text: north

text: and

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: longitudes

text: east

text: and

text: east

text: The

text: Arakan

text: Mountains

text: rising

text: to

text: at

text: Victoria

text: Peak

text: separate

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: from

text: central

text: Burma

text: Off

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: there

text: are

text: some

text: fairly

text: large

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: Cheduba

text: and

text: Myingun

text: Island

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: its

text: capital

text: is

text: Sittwe

text: Ayeyarwady Region (; formerly Ayeyarwady Division and Irrawaddy Division) is a region of Myanmar, occupying the delta region of the Ayeyarwady River (Irrawaddy River). It is bordered by Bago Region to the north, Bago Region and Yangon Region to the east, and the Bay of Bengal to the south and west. It is contiguous with the Rakhine State in the northwest.

text: Ayeyarwady

text: Region

text: formerly

text: Ayeyarwady

text: Division

text: and

text: Irrawaddy

text: Division

text: is

text: region

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: occupying

text: the

text: delta

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Ayeyarwady

text: River

text: Irrawaddy

text: River

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Bago

text: Region

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Bago

text: Region

text: and

text: Yangon

text: Region

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: It

text: is

text: contiguous

text: with

text: the

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: Chittagong (, Chatga) is a major coastal seaport city and financial centre in southeastern Bangladesh. The city has a population of more than 2.5 million while the metropolitan area has a population of over 6.5 million, making it the second largest city in the country. It is the capital of an eponymous district and division. The city is located on the banks of the Karnaphuli River between the Chittagong Hill Tracts and the Bay of Bengal. Much of Chittagong Division is located within the ecological Indo-Burma zone on the boundary of the India Plate and Burma Plate. This makes Chittagong the crossroads of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The port city has been known by various names in history, including Chatigaon, Chatigam, Chattagrama, Islamabad, Chattala, Chaityabhumi and Porto Grande De Bengala.

text: Chittagong

text: Chatga

text: is

text: major

text: coastal

text: seaport

text: city

text: and

text: financial

text: centre

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Bangladesh

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: while

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: over

text: million

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: an

text: eponymous

text: district

text: and

text: division

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Karnaphuli

text: River

text: between

text: the

text: Chittagong

text: Hill

text: Tracts

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: Much

text: of

text: Chittagong

text: Division

text: is

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: ecological

text: Indo

text: Burma

text: zone

text: on

text: the

text: boundary

text: of

text: the

text: India

text: Plate

text: and

text: Burma

text: Plate

text: This

text: makes

text: Chittagong

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: and

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: The

text: port

text: city

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: by

text: various

text: names

text: in

text: history

text: including

text: Chatigaon

text: Chatigam

text: Chattagrama

text: Islamabad

text: Chattala

text: Chaityabhumi

text: and

text: Porto

text: Grande

text: De

text: Bengala

text: Sittwe District is a district of the Rakhine State in western Myanmar. The capital lies at Sittwe

text: Sittwe

text: District

text: is

text: district

text: of

text: the

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: in

text: western

text: Myanmar

text: The

text: capital

text: lies

text: at

text: Sittwe

text: Chin State is a state in western Myanmar. The Chin State is bordered by Rakhine State in the south, Bangladesh in the south-west, Sagaing Division and Magway Division in the east, the Indian state of Manipur in the north and the Indian state of Mizoram in the west. The population of Chin state is about 478,801 in 2014 census. The capital of the state is Hakha. The state is a mountainous region with few transportation links. Chin State is sparsely populated and remains one of the least developed areas of the country. Chin State has the highest poverty rate of 73% as per the released figures from the first official survey.

text: Chin

text: State

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: western

text: Myanmar

text: The

text: Chin

text: State

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: Bangladesh

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: Sagaing

text: Division

text: and

text: Magway

text: Division

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Manipur

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: the

text: Indian

text: state

text: of

text: Mizoram

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: Chin

text: state

text: is

text: about

text: in

text: census

text: The

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: Hakha

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: mountainous

text: region

text: with

text: few

text: transportation

text: links

text: Chin

text: State

text: is

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: and

text: remains

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: least

text: developed

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Chin

text: State

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: poverty

text: rate

text: of

text: as

text: per

text: the

text: released

text: figures

text: from

text: the

text: first

text: official

text: survey

text: Sittwe (formerly Akyab) is the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). Sittwe, pronounced "site-tway" in the Rakhine language, is located on an estuarial island created at the confluence of the Kaladan, Mayu, and Lay Mro rivers emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The city has 181,000 inhabitants (2006). It is the administrative seat of Sittwe Township and Sittwe District.

text: Sittwe

text: formerly

text: Akyab

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: Sittwe

text: pronounced

text: site

text: tway

text: in

text: the

text: Rakhine

text: language

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: an

text: estuarial

text: island

text: created

text: at

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Kaladan

text: Mayu

text: and

text: Lay

text: Mro

text: rivers

text: emptying

text: into

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: inhabitants

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: administrative

text: seat

text: of

text: Sittwe

text: Township

text: and

text: Sittwe

text: District

text: Mizoram is one of the states of Northeast India, with Aizawl as its capital city. The name is derived from "Mi" (people), "Zo" (lofty place, such as a hill) and "Ram" (land), and thus Mizoram implies "land of the hill people". In the northeast, it is the southern most landlocked state sharing borders with three of the Seven, now with the addition of Sikkim, Eight sister states, namely Tripura, Assam, Manipur. The state also shares a 722 kilometre border with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar.

text: Mizoram

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Northeast

text: India

text: with

text: Aizawl

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: city

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: Mi

text: people

text: Zo

text: lofty

text: place

text: such

text: as

text: hill

text: and

text: Ram

text: land

text: and

text: thus

text: Mizoram

text: implies

text: land

text: of

text: the

text: hill

text: people

text: In

text: the

text: northeast

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: southern

text: most

text: landlocked

text: state

text: sharing

text: borders

text: with

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: Seven

text: now

text: with

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: Sikkim

text: Eight

text: sister

text: states

text: namely

text: Tripura

text: Assam

text: Manipur

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: shares

text: kilometre

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: of

text: Bangladesh

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.

text: Australia

text: officially

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: is

text: country

text: comprising

text: the

text: mainland

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: continent

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: and

text: numerous

text: smaller

text: islands

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: The

text: neighbouring

text: countries

text: are

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: East

text: Timor

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Vanuatu

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: east

text: Australia

text: 's

text: capital

text: is

text: Canberra

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: is

text: Sydney

text: India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.

text: India

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: India

text: Bhrat

text: Gaarjya

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: with

text: over

text: billion

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: democracy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Sea

text: on

text: the

text: southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: on

text: the

text: southeast

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: China

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: In

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: India

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: the

text: Maldives

text: India

text: 's

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: share

text: maritime

text: border

text: with

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Indonesia

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: New

text: Delhi

text: other

text: metropolises

text: include

text: Mumbai

text: Kolkata

text: Chennai

text: Bangalore

text: Hyderabad

text: and

text: Ahmedabad

text: The Lemro ( Burmese :  , Burmese pronunciation : ( lémjo mj ) ) is a river of Burma flowing through Chin State and Rakhine State . It flows into the Indian Ocean east of Sittwe . Between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries , small walled settlements were built by the Arakanese people along the river bank . The Lemro valley is noted for its rock art from these settlers .

text: The

text: Lemro

text: Burmese

text: Burmese

text: pronunciation

text: lémjo

text: mj

text: is

text: river

text: of

text: Burma

text: flowing

text: through

text: Chin

text: State

text: and

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: It

text: flows

text: into

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: east

text: of

text: Sittwe

text: Between

text: the

text: eleventh

text: and

text: fifteenth

text: centuries

text: small

text: walled

text: settlements

text: were

text: built

text: by

text: the

text: Arakanese

text: people

text: along

text: the

text: river

text: bank

text: The

text: Lemro

text: valley

text: is

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: rock

text: art

text: from

text: these

text: settlers

text: The Arakan Mountains (Arakan Range, Rakhine Range, Rakhine Yoma , Arakan Yoma, Rakhine Roma, Arakan Roma) is a mountain range in western Burma (Myanmar), between the coast of Rakhine State and the Central Burma Basin, in which flows the Irrawaddy River. It is the most prominent of a series of parallel ridges that arc through Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram and Burma. The Arakan Mountains run from Cape Negrais in the south in to the Manipur State of India in the north. They include the Naga Hills, the Chin Hills, and the Patkai range which includes the Lushai Hills. These mountains are submerged in the Bay of Bengal for a sufficiently long stretch and emerges again in the form of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

text: The

text: Arakan

text: Mountains

text: Arakan

text: Range

text: Rakhine

text: Range

text: Rakhine

text: Yoma

text: Arakan

text: Yoma

text: Rakhine

text: Roma

text: Arakan

text: Roma

text: is

text: mountain

text: range

text: in

text: western

text: Burma

text: Myanmar

text: between

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: and

text: the

text: Central

text: Burma

text: Basin

text: in

text: which

text: flows

text: the

text: Irrawaddy

text: River

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: series

text: of

text: parallel

text: ridges

text: that

text: arc

text: through

text: Assam

text: Nagaland

text: Mizoram

text: and

text: Burma

text: The

text: Arakan

text: Mountains

text: run

text: from

text: Cape

text: Negrais

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: in

text: to

text: the

text: Manipur

text: State

text: of

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: They

text: include

text: the

text: Naga

text: Hills

text: the

text: Chin

text: Hills

text: and

text: the

text: Patkai

text: range

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Lushai

text: Hills

text: These

text: mountains

text: are

text: submerged

text: in

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: for

text: sufficiently

text: long

text: stretch

text: and

text: emerges

text: again

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: Manipur is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. Manipur is sometimes called alternative names such as Kangleipak or Sanaleibak. It is bounded by Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west; Burma (Myanmar) lies to its east. The state covers an area of and has a population of almost 3 million, including the Meetei, Kuki, Naga, and Pangal peoples, who speak Sino-Tibetan languages. Manipur has been at the crossroads of Asian economic and cultural exchange for more than 2,500 years. It has long connected the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia, enabling migration of people, cultures and religions.

text: Manipur

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: northeastern

text: India

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Imphal

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: Manipur

text: is

text: sometimes

text: called

text: alternative

text: names

text: such

text: as

text: Kangleipak

text: or

text: Sanaleibak

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Nagaland

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Mizoram

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Assam

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Burma

text: Myanmar

text: lies

text: to

text: its

text: east

text: The

text: state

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: almost

text: million

text: including

text: the

text: Meetei

text: Kuki

text: Naga

text: and

text: Pangal

text: peoples

text: who

text: speak

text: Sino

text: Tibetan

text: languages

text: Manipur

text: has

text: been

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: Asian

text: economic

text: and

text: cultural

text: exchange

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: It

text: has

text: long

text: connected

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: to

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: enabling

text: migration

text: of

text: people

text: cultures

text: and

text: religions

text: The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface). It is bounded by Asia on the north, on the west by Africa, on the east by Australia, and on the south by the Southern Ocean or, depending on definition, by Antarctica. It is named after the country of India. The Indian Ocean is known as "Ratnkara", ""the mine of gems"" in ancient Sanskrit literature, and as "Hind Mahsgar", ""the great Indian sea"", in Hindi.

text: The

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oceanic

text: divisions

text: covering

text: approximately

text: of

text: the

text: water

text: on

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: Asia

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Africa

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Australia

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: or

text: depending

text: on

text: definition

text: by

text: Antarctica

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: India

text: The

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Ratnkara

text: the

text: mine

text: of

text: gems

text: in

text: ancient

text: Sanskrit

text: literature

text: and

text: as

text: Hind

text: Mahsgar

text: the

text: great

text: Indian

text: sea

text: in

text: Hindi

text: Bangladesh ( , "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (  "Gônôprôjatôntri Bangladesh"), is a country in South Asia. It shares land borders with India and Myanmar (Burma). Nepal, Bhutan and China are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it. The country's maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land area. Bangladesh is the world's eighth most populous country. Dhaka is its capital and largest city, followed by Chittagong which has the country's largest port.

text: Bangladesh

text: The

text: country

text: of

text: Bengal

text: officially

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: Bangladesh

text: Gônôprôjatôntri

text: Bangladesh

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: India

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: Nepal

text: Bhutan

text: and

text: China

text: are

text: located

text: near

text: Bangladesh

text: but

text: do

text: not

text: share

text: border

text: with

text: it

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: maritime

text: territory

text: in

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: is

text: roughly

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: area

text: Bangladesh

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: eighth

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: Dhaka

text: is

text: its

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: followed

text: by

text: Chittagong

text: which

text: has

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: largest

text: port

text: Magway Region (Magwe Region , , formerly Magway Division) is an administrative division in central Myanmar. Magway Region is the second largest of Myanmar's seven divisions, with an area of .

text: Magway

text: Region

text: Magwe

text: Region

text: formerly

text: Magway

text: Division

text: is

text: an

text: administrative

text: division

text: in

text: central

text: Myanmar

text: Magway

text: Region

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: 's

text: seven

text: divisions

text: with

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two "de facto" independent states with limited or no recognition.

text: Africa

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: and

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: continent

text: At

text: about

text: million

text: million

text: square

text: miles

text: including

text: adjacent

text: islands

text: it

text: covers

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: surface

text: area

text: and

text: of

text: its

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: With

text: billion

text: people

text: as

text: of

text: it

text: accounts

text: for

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: human

text: population

text: The

text: continent

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: both

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: along

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: continent

text: includes

text: Madagascar

text: and

text: various

text: archipelagos

text: It

text: contains

text: fully

text: recognized

text: sovereign

text: states

text: countries

text: nine

text: territories

text: and

text: two

text: de

text: facto

text: independent

text: states

text: with

text: limited

text: or

text: no

text: recognition

text: Sanskrit (English pronunciation:; written in Devanagari script ; : or ', originally ', "refined speech") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism and "Mahyna" Buddhism, a philosophical language in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. It was also a literary language that was in use as a "lingua franca" in ancient and medieval South Asia. It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European. Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand. As one of the oldest Indo-European languages for which substantial written documentation exists, Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies.

text: Sanskrit

text: English

text: pronunciation

text: written

text: in

text: Devanagari

text: script

text: or

text: originally

text: refined

text: speech

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: sacred

text: language

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: Mahyna

text: Buddhism

text: philosophical

text: language

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: Jainism

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: Sikhism

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: literary

text: language

text: that

text: was

text: in

text: use

text: as

text: lingua

text: franca

text: in

text: ancient

text: and

text: medieval

text: South

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: standardised

text: dialect

text: of

text: Old

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: originating

text: as

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: and

text: tracing

text: its

text: linguistic

text: ancestry

text: back

text: to

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: and

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: Today

text: it

text: is

text: listed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: scheduled

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Uttarakhand

text: As

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: for

text: which

text: substantial

text: written

text: documentation

text: exists

text: Sanskrit

text: holds

text: prominent

text: position

text: in

text: Indo

text: European

text: studies

text: Bago Region (; formerly Pegu Division and Bago Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the southern central part of the country. It is bordered by Magway Region and Mandalay Region to the north; Kayin State, Mon State and the Gulf of Martaban to the east; Yangon Region to the south and Ayeyarwady Region and Rakhine State to the west. It is located between 46°45'N and 19°20'N and 94°35'E and 97°10'E.

text: Bago

text: Region

text: formerly

text: Pegu

text: Division

text: and

text: Bago

text: Division

text: is

text: an

text: administrative

text: region

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: central

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Magway

text: Region

text: and

text: Mandalay

text: Region

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Kayin

text: State

text: Mon

text: State

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Martaban

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Yangon

text: Region

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: Ayeyarwady

text: Region

text: and

text: Rakhine

text: State

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: and

text: An ocean (the sea of classical antiquity) is a body of saline water that composes much of a planet's hydrosphere. On Earth, an ocean is one of the major conventional divisions of the World Ocean, which covers almost 71% of its surface. These are, in descending order by area, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic), and Arctic Oceans. The word "sea" is often used interchangeably with "ocean" in American English but, strictly speaking, a sea is a body of saline water (generally a division of the world ocean) partly or fully enclosed by land.

text: An

text: ocean

text: the

text: sea

text: of

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: saline

text: water

text: that

text: composes

text: much

text: of

text: planet

text: 's

text: hydrosphere

text: On

text: Earth

text: an

text: ocean

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: conventional

text: divisions

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Ocean

text: which

text: covers

text: almost

text: of

text: its

text: surface

text: These

text: are

text: in

text: descending

text: order

text: by

text: area

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Atlantic

text: Indian

text: Southern

text: Antarctic

text: and

text: Arctic

text: Oceans

text: The

text: word

text: sea

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: with

text: ocean

text: in

text: American

text: English

text: but

text: strictly

text: speaking

text: sea

text: is

text: body

text: of

text: saline

text: water

text: generally

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: ocean

text: partly

text: or

text: fully

text: enclosed

text: by

text: land

text: The Bay of Bengal, the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Roughly triangular, it is bordered mostly by India and Sri Lanka to the west, Bangladesh to the north, and Myanmar (Burma) and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) to the east.

text: The

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: the

text: largest

text: bay

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: forms

text: the

text: northeastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: Roughly

text: triangular

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: mostly

text: by

text: India

text: and

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Bangladesh

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: Burma

text: and

text: the

text: Andaman

text: and

text: Nicobar

text: Islands

text: India

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in South East Asia bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. About one third of Myanmar's total perimeter of 5,876 km (3,651 miles), forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930 km (1,200 miles) along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The country's 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected, with 51 million people recorded. Myanmar is 676,578 square kilometres (261,227 sq mi) in size. Its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon).

text: Myanmar

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: and

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Burma

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: bordered

text: by

text: Bangladesh

text: India

text: China

text: Laos

text: and

text: Thailand

text: About

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: 's

text: total

text: perimeter

text: of

text: km

text: miles

text: forms

text: an

text: uninterrupted

text: coastline

text: of

text: km

text: miles

text: along

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Bengal

text: and

text: the

text: Andaman

text: Sea

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: census

text: revealed

text: much

text: lower

text: population

text: than

text: expected

text: with

text: million

text: people

text: recorded

text: Myanmar

text: is

text: square

text: kilometres

text: sq

text: mi

text: in

text: size

text: Its

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Naypyidaw

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Yangon

text: Rangoon

text: Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari:  , "Mnak Hind") or simply Hindi (Devanagari: , "Hind"), is an Indian language and a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language. Hindi is one of the official languages of India, and is the "lingua franca" of the Hindi belt languages. Outside India, Hindi is an official language in Fiji, and is a recognised regional language in Mauritius, Suriname, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago.

text: Modern

text: Standard

text: Hindi

text: Devanagari

text: Mnak

text: Hind

text: or

text: simply

text: Hindi

text: Devanagari

text: Hind

text: is

text: an

text: Indian

text: language

text: and

text: standardised

text: and

text: Sanskritised

text: register

text: of

text: the

text: Hindustani

text: language

text: Hindi

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: official

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: the

text: Hindi

text: belt

text: languages

text: Outside

text: India

text: Hindi

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: in

text: Fiji

text: and

text: is

text: recognised

text: regional

text: language

text: in

text: Mauritius

text: Suriname

text: Guyana

text: and

text: Trinidad

text: and

text: Tobago

annotations: follows multiple

annotations: follows single

question: country lemro river

answer: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar

text: myanmar