text: RCA Records is an American major record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment (SME). It is one of SME's flagship record labels alongside sister labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, blues, jazz, and country. The company's name is derived from the initials of the label's former parent company, Radio Corporation of America (RCA). It is the second oldest recording company in U.S. history, after sister label Columbia Records. RCA's Canadian unit (formerly Berliner Gramophone Canada) is Sony's oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression.

text: RCA

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: major

text: record

text: label

text: owned

text: by

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: SME

text: 's

text: flagship

text: record

text: labels

text: alongside

text: sister

text: labels

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: and

text: Epic

text: Records

text: The

text: label

text: has

text: released

text: multiple

text: genres

text: of

text: music

text: including

text: pop

text: rock

text: hip

text: hop

text: R&B

text: blues

text: jazz

text: and

text: country

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: name

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: initials

text: of

text: the

text: label

text: 's

text: former

text: parent

text: company

text: Radio

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: RCA

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: oldest

text: recording

text: company

text: in

text: U.S.

text: history

text: after

text: sister

text: label

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: RCA

text: 's

text: Canadian

text: unit

text: formerly

text: Berliner

text: Gramophone

text: Canada

text: is

text: Sony

text: 's

text: oldest

text: label

text: in

text: Canada

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: Canadian

text: record

text: companies

text: to

text: survive

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: The American folk-music revival was a phenomenon in the United States that began during the 1940s and peaked in popularity in the mid-1960s. Its roots went earlier, and performers like Josh White, Burl Ives, Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Big Bill Broonzy, Richard Dyer-Bennet, Oscar Brand, Jean Ritchie, John Jacob Niles, Susan Reed, Paul Robeson and Cisco Houston had enjoyed a limited general popularity in the 1930s and 1940s. The revival brought forward styles of American folk music that had, in earlier times, contributed to the development of country and western, jazz, and rock and roll music.

text: The

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: revival

text: was

text: phenomenon

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: that

text: began

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: peaked

text: in

text: popularity

text: in

text: the

text: Its

text: roots

text: went

text: earlier

text: and

text: performers

text: like

text: Josh

text: White

text: Burl

text: Ives

text: Woody

text: Guthrie

text: Lead

text: Belly

text: Big

text: Bill

text: Broonzy

text: Richard

text: Dyer

text: Bennet

text: Oscar

text: Brand

text: Jean

text: Ritchie

text: John

text: Jacob

text: Niles

text: Susan

text: Reed

text: Paul

text: Robeson

text: and

text: Cisco

text: Houston

text: had

text: enjoyed

text: limited

text: general

text: popularity

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: The

text: revival

text: brought

text: forward

text: styles

text: of

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: that

text: had

text: in

text: earlier

text: times

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: country

text: and

text: western

text: jazz

text: and

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: music

text: Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival. The term originated in the 19th century but is often applied to music that is older than that. Some types of folk music are also called world music. "Traditional folk music" has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted orally, music with unknown composers, or music performed by custom over a long period of time. It has been contrasted with commercial and classical styles.

text: Folk

text: music

text: includes

text: both

text: traditional

text: music

text: and

text: the

text: genre

text: that

text: evolved

text: from

text: it

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: folk

text: revival

text: The

text: term

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: music

text: that

text: is

text: older

text: than

text: that

text: Some

text: types

text: of

text: folk

text: music

text: are

text: also

text: called

text: world

text: music

text: Traditional

text: folk

text: music

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: in

text: several

text: ways

text: as

text: music

text: transmitted

text: orally

text: music

text: with

text: unknown

text: composers

text: or

text: music

text: performed

text: by

text: custom

text: over

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: contrasted

text: with

text: commercial

text: and

text: classical

text: styles

text: A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the latter term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the music industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies. Pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers  songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own music publishers, while others have outside publishers.

text: songwriter

text: is

text: an

text: individual

text: who

text: writes

text: the

text: lyrics

text: melodies

text: and

text: chord

text: progressions

text: for

text: songs

text: typically

text: for

text: popular

text: music

text: genre

text: such

text: as

text: rock

text: or

text: country

text: music

text: songwriter

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: called

text: composer

text: although

text: the

text: latter

text: term

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: mainly

text: for

text: individuals

text: from

text: the

text: classical

text: music

text: genre

text: The

text: pressure

text: from

text: the

text: music

text: industry

text: to

text: produce

text: popular

text: hits

text: means

text: that

text: songwriting

text: is

text: often

text: an

text: activity

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: tasks

text: are

text: distributed

text: between

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: For

text: example

text: songwriter

text: who

text: excels

text: at

text: writing

text: lyrics

text: might

text: be

text: paired

text: with

text: songwriter

text: with

text: gift

text: for

text: creating

text: original

text: melodies

text: Pop

text: songs

text: may

text: be

text: written

text: by

text: group

text: members

text: from

text: the

text: band

text: or

text: by

text: staff

text: writers

text: songwriters

text: directly

text: employed

text: by

text: music

text: publishers

text: Some

text: songwriters

text: serve

text: as

text: their

text: own

text: music

text: publishers

text: while

text: others

text: have

text: outside

text: publishers

text: Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the Sony Group, which is engaged in business through its four operating components  electronics (video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures, music and financial services. These make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's principal business operations include Sony Corporation, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Mobile (formerly Sony Ericsson) and Sony Financial. Sony is among the Semiconductor sales leaders by year and as of 2013, the fourth-largest television manufacturer in the world, after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics and TCL.

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: is

text: the

text: electronics

text: business

text: unit

text: and

text: the

text: parent

text: company

text: of

text: the

text: Sony

text: Group

text: which

text: is

text: engaged

text: in

text: business

text: through

text: its

text: four

text: operating

text: components

text: electronics

text: video

text: games

text: network

text: services

text: and

text: medical

text: business

text: motion

text: pictures

text: music

text: and

text: financial

text: services

text: These

text: make

text: Sony

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: comprehensive

text: entertainment

text: companies

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Sony

text: 's

text: principal

text: business

text: operations

text: include

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: Sony

text: Pictures

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Interactive

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Sony

text: Mobile

text: formerly

text: Sony

text: Ericsson

text: and

text: Sony

text: Financial

text: Sony

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: Semiconductor

text: sales

text: leaders

text: by

text: year

text: and

text: as

text: of

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: television

text: manufacturer

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: Samsung

text: Electronics

text: LG

text: Electronics

text: and

text: TCL

text: Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American songwriter, singer, artist, and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs chronicled social unrest. Early songs such as "Blowin' in the Wind" and "The Times They Are a-Changin'" became anthems for the American civil rights and anti-war movements. Leaving behind his initial base in the American folk music revival, his six-minute single "Like a Rolling Stone", recorded in 1965, enlarged the range of popular music.

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: born

text: Robert

text: Allen

text: Zimmerman

text: May

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: songwriter

text: singer

text: artist

text: and

text: writer

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: influential

text: in

text: popular

text: music

text: and

text: culture

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: five

text: decades

text: Much

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: celebrated

text: work

text: dates

text: from

text: the

text: when

text: his

text: songs

text: chronicled

text: social

text: unrest

text: Early

text: songs

text: such

text: as

text: Blowin

text: in

text: the

text: Wind

text: and

text: The

text: Times

text: They

text: Are

text: Changin

text: became

text: anthems

text: for

text: the

text: American

text: civil

text: rights

text: and

text: anti

text: war

text: movements

text: Leaving

text: behind

text: his

text: initial

text: base

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: revival

text: his

text: six

text: minute

text: single

text: Like

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: recorded

text: in

text: enlarged

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: "Like a Rolling Stone" is a 1965 song by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Its confrontational lyrics originated in an extended piece of verse Dylan wrote in June 1965, when he returned exhausted from a grueling tour of England. Dylan distilled this draft into four verses and a chorus. "Like a Rolling Stone" was recorded a few weeks later as part of the sessions for the forthcoming album "Highway 61 Revisited".

text: Like

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: is

text: song

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: Its

text: confrontational

text: lyrics

text: originated

text: in

text: an

text: extended

text: piece

text: of

text: verse

text: Dylan

text: wrote

text: in

text: June

text: when

text: he

text: returned

text: exhausted

text: from

text: grueling

text: tour

text: of

text: England

text: Dylan

text: distilled

text: this

text: draft

text: into

text: four

text: verses

text: and

text: chorus

text: Like

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: was

text: recorded

text: few

text: weeks

text: later

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: sessions

text: for

text: the

text: forthcoming

text: album

text: Highway

text: Revisited

text: A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas. Writers produce various forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, poetry, plays, screenplays, and essays as well as various reports and news articles that may be of interest to the public. Writers' texts are published across a range of media. Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society. The word is also used elsewhere in the arts  such as songwriter  but as a standalone term, "writer" normally refers to the creation of written language. Some writers work from an oral tradition.

text: writer

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: uses

text: written

text: words

text: in

text: various

text: styles

text: and

text: techniques

text: to

text: communicate

text: their

text: ideas

text: Writers

text: produce

text: various

text: forms

text: of

text: literary

text: art

text: and

text: creative

text: writing

text: such

text: as

text: novels

text: short

text: stories

text: poetry

text: plays

text: screenplays

text: and

text: essays

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: various

text: reports

text: and

text: news

text: articles

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: of

text: interest

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: Writers

text: texts

text: are

text: published

text: across

text: range

text: of

text: media

text: Skilled

text: writers

text: who

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: use

text: language

text: to

text: express

text: ideas

text: well

text: often

text: contribute

text: significantly

text: to

text: the

text: cultural

text: content

text: of

text: society

text: The

text: word

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: the

text: arts

text: such

text: as

text: songwriter

text: but

text: as

text: standalone

text: term

text: writer

text: normally

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: written

text: language

text: Some

text: writers

text: work

text: from

text: an

text: oral

text: tradition

text: An artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only. The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors). "Artiste" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context. Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.

text: An

text: artist

text: is

text: person

text: engaged

text: in

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: broad

text: spectrum

text: of

text: activities

text: related

text: to

text: creating

text: art

text: practicing

text: the

text: arts

text: or

text: demonstrating

text: an

text: art

text: The

text: common

text: usage

text: in

text: both

text: everyday

text: speech

text: and

text: academic

text: discourse

text: is

text: practitioner

text: in

text: the

text: visual

text: arts

text: only

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: entertainment

text: business

text: especially

text: in

text: business

text: context

text: for

text: musicians

text: and

text: other

text: performers

text: less

text: often

text: for

text: actors

text: Artiste

text: the

text: French

text: for

text: artist

text: is

text: variant

text: used

text: in

text: English

text: only

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: Use

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: to

text: describe

text: writers

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: valid

text: but

text: less

text: common

text: and

text: mostly

text: restricted

text: to

text: contexts

text: like

text: criticism

text: "Blowin' in the Wind" is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1962 and released as a single and on his album "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan" in 1963. Although it has been described as a protest song, it poses a series of rhetorical questions about peace, war and freedom. The refrain "The answer, my friend, is blowin' in the wind" has been described as "impenetrably ambiguous: either the answer is so obvious it is right in your face, or the answer is as intangible as the wind".

text: Blowin

text: in

text: the

text: Wind

text: is

text: song

text: written

text: by

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: in

text: and

text: released

text: as

text: single

text: and

text: on

text: his

text: album

text: The

text: Freewheelin

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: in

text: Although

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: protest

text: song

text: it

text: poses

text: series

text: of

text: rhetorical

text: questions

text: about

text: peace

text: war

text: and

text: freedom

text: The

text: refrain

text: The

text: answer

text: my

text: friend

text: is

text: blowin

text: in

text: the

text: wind

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: impenetrably

text: ambiguous

text: either

text: the

text: answer

text: is

text: so

text: obvious

text: it

text: is

text: right

text: in

text: your

text: face

text: or

text: the

text: answer

text: is

text: as

text: intangible

text: as

text: the

text: wind

text: Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan , released on August 8 , 1964 by Columbia Records . The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP , The Times They Are A-Changin ' . The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community -- Sing Out ! editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had `` somehow lost touch with people '' and was caught up in `` the paraphernalia of fame '' . Despite the album 's thematic shift , Dylan performed the entirety of Another Side of Bob Dylan as he had previous records -- solo . In addition to his usual acoustic guitar and harmonica , Dylan provides piano on one selection , `` Black Crow Blues '' . Another Side of Bob Dylan reached No. 43 in the US ( although it eventually went gold ) , and peaked at No. 8 on the UK charts in 1965 .

text: Another

text: Side

text: of

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: studio

text: album

text: by

text: American

text: singer

text: and

text: songwriter

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: by

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: The

text: album

text: deviates

text: from

text: the

text: more

text: socially

text: conscious

text: style

text: which

text: Dylan

text: had

text: developed

text: with

text: his

text: previous

text: LP

text: The

text: Times

text: They

text: Are

text: Changin

text: The

text: change

text: prompted

text: criticism

text: from

text: some

text: influential

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: folk

text: community

text: Sing

text: Out

text: editor

text: Irwin

text: Silber

text: complained

text: that

text: Dylan

text: had

text: somehow

text: lost

text: touch

text: with

text: people

text: and

text: was

text: caught

text: up

text: in

text: the

text: paraphernalia

text: of

text: fame

text: Despite

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: thematic

text: shift

text: Dylan

text: performed

text: the

text: entirety

text: of

text: Another

text: Side

text: of

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: as

text: he

text: had

text: previous

text: records

text: solo

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: his

text: usual

text: acoustic

text: guitar

text: and

text: harmonica

text: Dylan

text: provides

text: piano

text: on

text: one

text: selection

text: Black

text: Crow

text: Blues

text: Another

text: Side

text: of

text: Bob

text: Dylan

text: reached

text: No

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: although

text: it

text: eventually

text: went

text: gold

text: and

text: peaked

text: at

text: No

text: on

text: the

text: UK

text: charts

text: in

text: EMI (officially EMI Group Limited, originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries and often known as EMI Records and EMI Music) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth-largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and was one of the big four record companies (now the big three). Its EMI Records Ltd. group of record labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records and Capitol Records. EMI also had a major publishing arm, EMI Music Publishingalso based in London with offices globally.

text: EMI

text: officially

text: EMI

text: Group

text: Limited

text: originally

text: an

text: initialism

text: for

text: Electric

text: and

text: Musical

text: Industries

text: and

text: often

text: known

text: as

text: EMI

text: Records

text: and

text: EMI

text: Music

text: was

text: British

text: multinational

text: conglomerate

text: founded

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: was

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: its

text: break

text: up

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: business

text: group

text: and

text: family

text: of

text: record

text: labels

text: in

text: the

text: recording

text: industry

text: and

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: big

text: four

text: record

text: companies

text: now

text: the

text: big

text: three

text: Its

text: EMI

text: Records

text: Ltd.

text: group

text: of

text: record

text: labels

text: included

text: EMI

text: Records

text: Parlophone

text: Virgin

text: Records

text: and

text: Capitol

text: Records

text: EMI

text: also

text: had

text: major

text: publishing

text: arm

text: EMI

text: Music

text: Publishingalso

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: with

text: offices

text: globally

text: CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).

text: CBS

text: an

text: initialism

text: of

text: the

text: network

text: 's

text: former

text: name

text: the

text: Columbia

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: commercial

text: broadcast

text: television

text: network

text: that

text: is

text: flagship

text: property

text: of

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: headquartered

text: at

text: the

text: CBS

text: Building

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: with

text: major

text: production

text: facilities

text: and

text: operations

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: at

text: the

text: CBS

text: Broadcast

text: Center

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: at

text: CBS

text: Television

text: City

text: and

text: the

text: CBS

text: Studio

text: Center

text: American folk music is a musical term that encompasses numerous genres, many of which are known as traditional music, traditional folk music, contemporary folk music or roots music. Many traditional songs have been sung within the same family or folk group for generations, and can sometimes be traced back to such places of origin as Great Britain, Europe, or Africa. Mike Seeger once famously commented that the definition of American folk music is "All the music that fits between the cracks."

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: is

text: musical

text: term

text: that

text: encompasses

text: numerous

text: genres

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: traditional

text: music

text: traditional

text: folk

text: music

text: contemporary

text: folk

text: music

text: or

text: roots

text: music

text: Many

text: traditional

text: songs

text: have

text: been

text: sung

text: within

text: the

text: same

text: family

text: or

text: folk

text: group

text: for

text: generations

text: and

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: traced

text: back

text: to

text: such

text: places

text: of

text: origin

text: as

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Europe

text: or

text: Africa

text: Mike

text: Seeger

text: once

text: famously

text: commented

text: that

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: American

text: folk

text: music

text: is

text: All

text: the

text: music

text: that

text: fits

text: between

text: the

text: cracks

text: A subsidiary, subsidiary company or daughter company is a company that is owned or controlled by another company, which is called the "parent company", "parent", or "holding company". The subsidiary can be a company, corporation, or limited liability company. In some cases it is a government or state-owned enterprise.

text: subsidiary

text: subsidiary

text: company

text: or

text: daughter

text: company

text: is

text: company

text: that

text: is

text: owned

text: or

text: controlled

text: by

text: another

text: company

text: which

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: parent

text: company

text: parent

text: or

text: holding

text: company

text: The

text: subsidiary

text: can

text: be

text: company

text: corporation

text: or

text: limited

text: liability

text: company

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: it

text: is

text: government

text: or

text: state

text: owned

text: enterprise

text: A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. Often, a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks, coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists ("artists and repertoire" or "A&R"); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer's name, along with other information.

text: record

text: label

text: or

text: record

text: company

text: is

text: brand

text: or

text: trademark

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: marketing

text: of

text: music

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: Often

text: record

text: label

text: is

text: also

text: publishing

text: company

text: that

text: manages

text: such

text: brands

text: and

text: trademarks

text: coordinates

text: the

text: production

text: manufacture

text: distribution

text: marketing

text: promotion

text: and

text: enforcement

text: of

text: copyright

text: for

text: sound

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: conducts

text: talent

text: scouting

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: new

text: artists

text: artists

text: and

text: repertoire

text: or

text: A&R

text: and

text: maintains

text: contracts

text: with

text: recording

text: artists

text: and

text: their

text: managers

text: The

text: term

text: record

text: label

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: circular

text: label

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: vinyl

text: record

text: which

text: prominently

text: displays

text: the

text: manufacturer

text: 's

text: name

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: information

text: Columbia Records (also known simply as Columbia) is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment (SME), a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc., the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an earlier enterprise named the American Graphophone Company, the successor to the Volta Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the recorded sound business, being the second major record company to produce recorded records. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of notable singers, instrumentalists, and bands. From 1961 to 1990, its recordings were released outside the U.S. and Canada by the CBS Records label (which was named after the Columbia Broadcasting System) to avoid confusion with the EMI label of the same name, before adopting the Columbia name internationally in 1990. It is one of Sony Music's three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records.

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: also

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Columbia

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: label

text: owned

text: by

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: Inc.

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: division

text: of

text: Sony

text: Corporation

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: evolving

text: from

text: an

text: earlier

text: enterprise

text: named

text: the

text: American

text: Graphophone

text: Company

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: Volta

text: Graphophone

text: Company

text: Columbia

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: brand

text: name

text: in

text: the

text: recorded

text: sound

text: business

text: being

text: the

text: second

text: major

text: record

text: company

text: to

text: produce

text: recorded

text: records

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: release

text: records

text: by

text: an

text: array

text: of

text: notable

text: singers

text: instrumentalists

text: and

text: bands

text: From

text: to

text: its

text: recordings

text: were

text: released

text: outside

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Canada

text: by

text: the

text: CBS

text: Records

text: label

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Columbia

text: Broadcasting

text: System

text: to

text: avoid

text: confusion

text: with

text: the

text: EMI

text: label

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: before

text: adopting

text: the

text: Columbia

text: name

text: internationally

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Sony

text: Music

text: 's

text: three

text: flagship

text: record

text: labels

text: alongside

text: RCA

text: Records

text: and

text: Epic

text: Records

text: Epic Records is an American record company. A division of Sony Music Entertainment, Inc., Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953. It later expanded its scope to include diverse musical genres including pop, R&B, rock and hip hop. Historically, the label has housed popular acts such as Boston, Celine Dion, Dave Clark Five, Gloria Estefan, Pearl Jam, Shakira, and Sly & the Family Stone.

text: Epic

text: Records

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: record

text: company

text: division

text: of

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Inc.

text: Epic

text: was

text: founded

text: predominantly

text: as

text: jazz

text: and

text: classical

text: music

text: label

text: in

text: It

text: later

text: expanded

text: its

text: scope

text: to

text: include

text: diverse

text: musical

text: genres

text: including

text: pop

text: R&B

text: rock

text: and

text: hip

text: hop

text: Historically

text: the

text: label

text: has

text: housed

text: popular

text: acts

text: such

text: as

text: Boston

text: Celine

text: Dion

text: Dave

text: Clark

text: Five

text: Gloria

text: Estefan

text: Pearl

text: Jam

text: Shakira

text: and

text: Sly

text: the

text: Family

text: Stone

text: Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the magazine's publisher, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. It was first known for its musical coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors, and popular music. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content.

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: biweekly

text: magazine

text: that

text: focuses

text: on

text: popular

text: culture

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: in

text: by

text: Jann

text: Wenner

text: who

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: magazine

text: 's

text: publisher

text: and

text: the

text: music

text: critic

text: Ralph

text: Gleason

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: musical

text: coverage

text: and

text: for

text: political

text: reporting

text: by

text: Hunter

text: Thompson

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: magazine

text: shifted

text: focus

text: to

text: younger

text: readership

text: interested

text: in

text: youth

text: oriented

text: television

text: shows

text: film

text: actors

text: and

text: popular

text: music

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: it

text: has

text: resumed

text: its

text: traditional

text: mix

text: of

text: content

question: genre another side of bob dylan

answer: contemporary folk music

text: contemporary folk music


text: Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert. It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavours. It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes. Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers. The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (<35 °F / 2 °C). It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.

text: Ice

text: cream

text: derived

text: from

text: earlier

text: iced

text: cream

text: or

text: cream

text: ice

text: is

text: sweetened

text: frozen

text: food

text: typically

text: eaten

text: as

text: snack

text: or

text: dessert

text: It

text: is

text: usually

text: made

text: from

text: dairy

text: products

text: such

text: as

text: milk

text: and

text: cream

text: and

text: often

text: combined

text: with

text: fruits

text: or

text: other

text: ingredients

text: and

text: flavours

text: It

text: is

text: typically

text: sweetened

text: with

text: sugar

text: or

text: sugar

text: substitutes

text: Typically

text: flavourings

text: and

text: colourings

text: are

text: added

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: stabilizers

text: The

text: mixture

text: is

text: stirred

text: to

text: incorporate

text: air

text: spaces

text: and

text: cooled

text: below

text: the

text: freezing

text: point

text: of

text: water

text: to

text: prevent

text: detectable

text: ice

text: crystals

text: from

text: forming

text: The

text: result

text: is

text: smooth

text: semi

text: solid

text: foam

text: that

text: is

text: solid

text: at

text: very

text: low

text: temperatures

text: It

text: becomes

text: more

text: malleable

text: as

text: its

text: temperature

text: increases

text: The cocoa bean, also cacao bean or simply cocoa or cacao, is the dried and fully fermented fatty seed of "Theobroma cacao", from which cocoa solids and cocoa butter can be extracted. The "beans" are the basis of chocolate, as well as Mesoamerican foods, such as "mole" and "tejate".

text: The

text: cocoa

text: bean

text: also

text: cacao

text: bean

text: or

text: simply

text: cocoa

text: or

text: cacao

text: is

text: the

text: dried

text: and

text: fully

text: fermented

text: fatty

text: seed

text: of

text: Theobroma

text: cacao

text: from

text: which

text: cocoa

text: solids

text: and

text: cocoa

text: butter

text: can

text: be

text: extracted

text: The

text: beans

text: are

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: chocolate

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Mesoamerican

text: foods

text: such

text: as

text: mole

text: and

text: tejate

text: Theobroma cacao is the taxonomic classification for the plant also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree, which is a small (tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae, native to the deep tropical regions of Central and South America. Its seeds, cocoa beans, are used to make cocoa mass, cocoa powder, confectionery, ganache and chocolate.

text: Theobroma

text: cacao

text: is

text: the

text: taxonomic

text: classification

text: for

text: the

text: plant

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: cacao

text: tree

text: and

text: the

text: cocoa

text: tree

text: which

text: is

text: small

text: tall

text: evergreen

text: tree

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Malvaceae

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: deep

text: tropical

text: regions

text: of

text: Central

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: Its

text: seeds

text: cocoa

text: beans

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: make

text: cocoa

text: mass

text: cocoa

text: powder

text: confectionery

text: ganache

text: and

text: chocolate

text: Guatemala (, or ), officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast. With an estimated population of around 15.8 million, it is the most populated state in Central America. A representative democracy, Guatemala's capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as Guatemala City.

text: Guatemala

text: or

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Guatemala

text: is

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: America

text: bordered

text: by

text: Mexico

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: Belize

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Honduras

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: El

text: Salvador

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: state

text: in

text: Central

text: America

text: representative

text: democracy

text: Guatemala

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Nueva

text: Guatemala

text: de

text: la

text: Asunción

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Guatemala

text: City

text: Milk is a pale liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases. It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose.

text: Milk

text: is

text: pale

text: liquid

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: mammary

text: glands

text: of

text: mammals

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: source

text: of

text: nutrition

text: for

text: infant

text: mammals

text: including

text: humans

text: who

text: breastfeed

text: before

text: they

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: digest

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: food

text: Early

text: lactation

text: milk

text: contains

text: colostrum

text: which

text: carries

text: the

text: mother

text: 's

text: antibodies

text: to

text: its

text: young

text: and

text: can

text: reduce

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: many

text: diseases

text: It

text: contains

text: many

text: other

text: nutrients

text: including

text: protein

text: and

text: lactose

text: Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is a pale-yellow, edible vegetable fat extracted from the cocoa bean. It is used to make chocolate, as well as some ointments, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. Cocoa butter has a cocoa flavor and aroma. Its best-known attribute is its melting point, which is just below human body temperature.

text: Cocoa

text: butter

text: also

text: called

text: theobroma

text: oil

text: is

text: pale

text: yellow

text: edible

text: vegetable

text: fat

text: extracted

text: from

text: the

text: cocoa

text: bean

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: make

text: chocolate

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: ointments

text: toiletries

text: and

text: pharmaceuticals

text: Cocoa

text: butter

text: has

text: cocoa

text: flavor

text: and

text: aroma

text: Its

text: best

text: known

text: attribute

text: is

text: its

text: melting

text: point

text: which

text: is

text: just

text: below

text: human

text: body

text: temperature

text: Theobroma is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that is sometimes classified as a member of Sterculiaceae. It contains roughly 20 species of small understory trees native to the tropical forests of Central and South America. The generic name is derived from the Greek words  ("theos"), meaning "god," and  ("broma"), meaning "food". It translates to "food of the gods."

text: Theobroma

text: is

text: genus

text: of

text: flowering

text: plants

text: in

text: the

text: mallow

text: family

text: Malvaceae

text: that

text: is

text: sometimes

text: classified

text: as

text: member

text: of

text: Sterculiaceae

text: It

text: contains

text: roughly

text: species

text: of

text: small

text: understory

text: trees

text: native

text: to

text: the

text: tropical

text: forests

text: of

text: Central

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: The

text: generic

text: name

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: words

text: theos

text: meaning

text: god

text: and

text: broma

text: meaning

text: food

text: It

text: translates

text: to

text: food

text: of

text: the

text: gods

text: Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources. Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose, and galactose. The table or granulated sugar most customarily used as food is sucrose, a disaccharide. (In the body, sucrose hydrolyses into fructose and glucose.) Other disaccharides include maltose and lactose. Longer chains of sugars are called oligosaccharides. Chemically-different substances may also have a sweet taste, but are not classified as sugars. Some are used as lower-calorie food substitutes for sugar, described as artificial sweeteners.

text: Sugar

text: is

text: the

text: generalized

text: name

text: for

text: sweet

text: short

text: chain

text: soluble

text: carbohydrates

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: food

text: They

text: are

text: composed

text: of

text: carbon

text: hydrogen

text: and

text: oxygen

text: There

text: are

text: various

text: types

text: of

text: sugar

text: derived

text: from

text: different

text: sources

text: Simple

text: sugars

text: are

text: called

text: monosaccharides

text: and

text: include

text: glucose

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: dextrose

text: fructose

text: and

text: galactose

text: The

text: table

text: or

text: granulated

text: sugar

text: most

text: customarily

text: used

text: as

text: food

text: is

text: sucrose

text: disaccharide

text: In

text: the

text: body

text: sucrose

text: hydrolyses

text: into

text: fructose

text: and

text: glucose

text: Other

text: disaccharides

text: include

text: maltose

text: and

text: lactose

text: Longer

text: chains

text: of

text: sugars

text: are

text: called

text: oligosaccharides

text: Chemically

text: different

text: substances

text: may

text: also

text: have

text: sweet

text: taste

text: but

text: are

text: not

text: classified

text: as

text: sugars

text: Some

text: are

text: used

text: as

text: lower

text: calorie

text: food

text: substitutes

text: for

text: sugar

text: described

text: as

text: artificial

text: sweeteners

text: The Aztec people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. The Nahuatl words "aztecatl" (singular) and "aztecah" (plural) mean "people from Aztlan", a mythological place for the Nahuatl-speaking culture of the time, and later adopted as the word to define the Mexica people. Often the term "Aztec" refers exclusively to the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan (now the location of Mexico City), situated on an island in Lake Texcoco, who referred to themselves as "Mxihcah Tenochcah" or "Clhuah Mexihcah" .

text: The

text: Aztec

text: people

text: were

text: certain

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: of

text: central

text: Mexico

text: particularly

text: those

text: groups

text: who

text: spoke

text: the

text: Nahuatl

text: language

text: and

text: who

text: dominated

text: large

text: parts

text: of

text: Mesoamerica

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: centuries

text: The

text: Nahuatl

text: words

text: aztecatl

text: singular

text: and

text: aztecah

text: plural

text: mean

text: people

text: from

text: Aztlan

text: mythological

text: place

text: for

text: the

text: Nahuatl

text: speaking

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: later

text: adopted

text: as

text: the

text: word

text: to

text: define

text: the

text: Mexica

text: people

text: Often

text: the

text: term

text: Aztec

text: refers

text: exclusively

text: to

text: the

text: Mexica

text: people

text: of

text: Tenochtitlan

text: now

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: Mexico

text: City

text: situated

text: on

text: an

text: island

text: in

text: Lake

text: Texcoco

text: who

text: referred

text: to

text: themselves

text: as

text: Mxihcah

text: Tenochcah

text: or

text: Clhuah

text: Mexihcah

text: Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus "Vanilla", primarily from the Mexican species, flat-leaved vanilla ("V. planifolia"). The word "vanilla", derived from the diminutive of the Spanish word ("vaina" itself meaning sheath or pod), is translated simply as "little pod". Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people cultivated the vine of the vanilla orchid, called "tlilxochitl" by the Aztecs. Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés is credited with introducing both vanilla and chocolate to Europe in the 1520s.

text: Vanilla

text: is

text: flavoring

text: derived

text: from

text: orchids

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Vanilla

text: primarily

text: from

text: the

text: Mexican

text: species

text: flat

text: leaved

text: vanilla

text: planifolia

text: The

text: word

text: vanilla

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: diminutive

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: word

text: vaina

text: itself

text: meaning

text: sheath

text: or

text: pod

text: is

text: translated

text: simply

text: as

text: little

text: pod

text: Pre

text: Columbian

text: Mesoamerican

text: people

text: cultivated

text: the

text: vine

text: of

text: the

text: vanilla

text: orchid

text: called

text: tlilxochitl

text: by

text: the

text: Aztecs

text: Spanish

text: conquistador

text: Hernán

text: Cortés

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: introducing

text: both

text: vanilla

text: and

text: chocolate

text: to

text: Europe

text: in

text: the

text: Dutch process chocolate or Dutched chocolate is chocolate that has been treated with an alkalizing agent to modify its color and give it a milder taste compared to `` natural cocoa '' extracted with the Broma process . It forms the basis for much of modern chocolate , and is used in ice cream , hot cocoa , and baking .

text: Dutch

text: process

text: chocolate

text: or

text: Dutched

text: chocolate

text: is

text: chocolate

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: treated

text: with

text: an

text: alkalizing

text: agent

text: to

text: modify

text: its

text: color

text: and

text: give

text: it

text: milder

text: taste

text: compared

text: to

text: natural

text: cocoa

text: extracted

text: with

text: the

text: Broma

text: process

text: It

text: forms

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: much

text: of

text: modern

text: chocolate

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: ice

text: cream

text: hot

text: cocoa

text: and

text: baking

text: Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of "Theobroma cacao" seeds, roasted and ground, and often flavored with vanilla. It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods. Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica. The earliest evidence of use traces to the Mokaya (Mexico and Guatemala), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE. In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as "xocoltl" , a Nahuatl word meaning "bitter water". The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.

text: Chocolate

text: is

text: typically

text: sweet

text: usually

text: brown

text: food

text: preparation

text: of

text: Theobroma

text: cacao

text: seeds

text: roasted

text: and

text: ground

text: and

text: often

text: flavored

text: with

text: vanilla

text: It

text: is

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: liquid

text: paste

text: or

text: in

text: block

text: or

text: used

text: as

text: flavoring

text: ingredient

text: in

text: other

text: foods

text: Cacao

text: has

text: been

text: cultivated

text: by

text: many

text: cultures

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: millennia

text: in

text: Mesoamerica

text: The

text: earliest

text: evidence

text: of

text: use

text: traces

text: to

text: the

text: Mokaya

text: Mexico

text: and

text: Guatemala

text: with

text: evidence

text: of

text: chocolate

text: beverages

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: BCE

text: In

text: fact

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Mesoamerican

text: people

text: made

text: chocolate

text: beverages

text: including

text: the

text: Maya

text: and

text: Aztecs

text: who

text: made

text: it

text: into

text: beverage

text: known

text: as

text: xocoltl

text: Nahuatl

text: word

text: meaning

text: bitter

text: water

text: The

text: seeds

text: of

text: the

text: cacao

text: tree

text: have

text: an

text: intense

text: bitter

text: taste

text: and

text: must

text: be

text: fermented

text: to

text: develop

text: the

text: flavor

text: Dairy products or milk products are a type of food produced from or containing the milk of mammals, primarily cattle, water buffaloes, goats, sheep, and camels. Dairy products include food items such as yogurt, cheese, and butter. A facility that produces dairy products is known as a dairy, or dairy factory. Dairy products are consumed worldwide, with the exception of much of East and Southeast Asia and also some parts of central Africa.

text: Dairy

text: products

text: or

text: milk

text: products

text: are

text: type

text: of

text: food

text: produced

text: from

text: or

text: containing

text: the

text: milk

text: of

text: mammals

text: primarily

text: cattle

text: water

text: buffaloes

text: goats

text: sheep

text: and

text: camels

text: Dairy

text: products

text: include

text: food

text: items

text: such

text: as

text: yogurt

text: cheese

text: and

text: butter

text: facility

text: that

text: produces

text: dairy

text: products

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: dairy

text: or

text: dairy

text: factory

text: Dairy

text: products

text: are

text: consumed

text: worldwide

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: much

text: of

text: East

text: and

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: also

text: some

text: parts

text: of

text: central

text: Africa

text: In chocolate making, the Broma process (not to be confused with the Dutch Process), is a method of extracting white cocoa butter from roasted cocoa beans. The Broma process consists of hanging bags of roasted cocoa beans in a very warm room and allowing the cocoa butter, which melts at slightly above room temperature, to melt, drip off the beans, and be collected. The Dutch Process differs from the Broma process in that, after the cocoa butter has been drained off the beans as described above, the beans are then soaked in an alkaline solution to make them chemically neutral.

text: In

text: chocolate

text: making

text: the

text: Broma

text: process

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: the

text: Dutch

text: Process

text: is

text: method

text: of

text: extracting

text: white

text: cocoa

text: butter

text: from

text: roasted

text: cocoa

text: beans

text: The

text: Broma

text: process

text: consists

text: of

text: hanging

text: bags

text: of

text: roasted

text: cocoa

text: beans

text: in

text: very

text: warm

text: room

text: and

text: allowing

text: the

text: cocoa

text: butter

text: which

text: melts

text: at

text: slightly

text: above

text: room

text: temperature

text: to

text: melt

text: drip

text: off

text: the

text: beans

text: and

text: be

text: collected

text: The

text: Dutch

text: Process

text: differs

text: from

text: the

text: Broma

text: process

text: in

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: cocoa

text: butter

text: has

text: been

text: drained

text: off

text: the

text: beans

text: as

text: described

text: above

text: the

text: beans

text: are

text: then

text: soaked

text: in

text: an

text: alkaline

text: solution

text: to

text: make

text: them

text: chemically

text: neutral

text: Mesoamerica was a region and cultural area in the Americas, extending approximately from central Mexico to Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is one of six areas in the world where ancient civilization arose independently, and the second in the Americas along with Norte Chico (Caral-Supe) in present-day northern coastal Peru.

text: Mesoamerica

text: was

text: region

text: and

text: cultural

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: extending

text: approximately

text: from

text: central

text: Mexico

text: to

text: Belize

text: Guatemala

text: El

text: Salvador

text: Honduras

text: Nicaragua

text: and

text: northern

text: Costa

text: Rica

text: within

text: which

text: pre

text: Columbian

text: societies

text: flourished

text: before

text: the

text: Spanish

text: colonization

text: of

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: six

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: where

text: ancient

text: civilization

text: arose

text: independently

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: along

text: with

text: Norte

text: Chico

text: Caral

text: Supe

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: northern

text: coastal

text: Peru

annotations: likely single

annotations: likely multiple

question: subclass_of dutch process chocolate

answer: cocoa solids

text: cocoa solids


text: Infantry is the general branch of an army that engages in military combat on foot. As the troops who engage with the enemy in close-ranged combat, infantry units bear the largest brunt of warfare and typically suffer the greatest number of casualties during a military campaign. Historically, as the oldest branch of the combat arms, the infantry are the tip of the spear of a modern army, and continually undergo training that is typically more physically demanding and psychologically stressful than that of any other branch of the combat arms. Common representations of infantry fighting forces include the U.S. Army Infantry Branch, U.S. Marine Corps Infantry, Royal Canadian Infantry Corps, Infantry of the British Army, and the Royal Australian Corps of Infantry.

text: Infantry

text: is

text: the

text: general

text: branch

text: of

text: an

text: army

text: that

text: engages

text: in

text: military

text: combat

text: on

text: foot

text: As

text: the

text: troops

text: who

text: engage

text: with

text: the

text: enemy

text: in

text: close

text: ranged

text: combat

text: infantry

text: units

text: bear

text: the

text: largest

text: brunt

text: of

text: warfare

text: and

text: typically

text: suffer

text: the

text: greatest

text: number

text: of

text: casualties

text: during

text: military

text: campaign

text: Historically

text: as

text: the

text: oldest

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: combat

text: arms

text: the

text: infantry

text: are

text: the

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: spear

text: of

text: modern

text: army

text: and

text: continually

text: undergo

text: training

text: that

text: is

text: typically

text: more

text: physically

text: demanding

text: and

text: psychologically

text: stressful

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: any

text: other

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: combat

text: arms

text: Common

text: representations

text: of

text: infantry

text: fighting

text: forces

text: include

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: Infantry

text: Branch

text: U.S.

text: Marine

text: Corps

text: Infantry

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Infantry

text: Corps

text: Infantry

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Australian

text: Corps

text: of

text: Infantry

text: A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with fire hardened spears, or it may be made of a more durable material fastened to the shaft, such as flint, obsidian, iron, steel or bronze. The most common design for hunting or combat spears since ancient times has incorporated a metal spearhead shaped like a triangle, lozenge, or leaf. The heads of fishing spears usually feature barbs or serrated edges.

text: spear

text: is

text: pole

text: weapon

text: consisting

text: of

text: shaft

text: usually

text: of

text: wood

text: with

text: pointed

text: head

text: The

text: head

text: may

text: be

text: simply

text: the

text: sharpened

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: shaft

text: itself

text: as

text: is

text: the

text: case

text: with

text: fire

text: hardened

text: spears

text: or

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: made

text: of

text: more

text: durable

text: material

text: fastened

text: to

text: the

text: shaft

text: such

text: as

text: flint

text: obsidian

text: iron

text: steel

text: or

text: bronze

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: design

text: for

text: hunting

text: or

text: combat

text: spears

text: since

text: ancient

text: times

text: has

text: incorporated

text: metal

text: spearhead

text: shaped

text: like

text: triangle

text: lozenge

text: or

text: leaf

text: The

text: heads

text: of

text: fishing

text: spears

text: usually

text: feature

text: barbs

text: or

text: serrated

text: edges

text: Ilmenau is a town in Thuringia, Germany. It is the largest town within the Ilm district with a population of 26,000, while the district capital is Arnstadt. Ilmenau is located approximately south of Erfurt and north of Nuremberg within the Ilm valley at the northern edge of the Thuringian Forest at an elevation of .

text: Ilmenau

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: Germany

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: town

text: within

text: the

text: Ilm

text: district

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: while

text: the

text: district

text: capital

text: is

text: Arnstadt

text: Ilmenau

text: is

text: located

text: approximately

text: south

text: of

text: Erfurt

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: Nuremberg

text: within

text: the

text: Ilm

text: valley

text: at

text: the

text: northern

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: Thuringian

text: Forest

text: at

text: an

text: elevation

text: of

text: Helge Arthur Auleb ( 24 March 1887 -- 14 March 1964 ) was a German general of infantry , serving during World War II. He was born in Gehren . Auleb commanded the 6.Infanterie - Division as part of VI . Armeekorps during Operation Typhoon in October 1941 . He received the German Cross in Gold on 26 December 1941 .

text: Helge

text: Arthur

text: Auleb

text: March

text: March

text: was

text: German

text: general

text: of

text: infantry

text: serving

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Gehren

text: Auleb

text: commanded

text: the

text: Division

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: VI

text: Armeekorps

text: during

text: Operation

text: Typhoon

text: in

text: October

text: He

text: received

text: the

text: German

text: Cross

text: in

text: Gold

text: on

text: December

text: Ilm-Kreis is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the city of Erfurt, the districts of Weimarer Land, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt and Hildburghausen, the city of Suhl, and the districts of Schmalkalden-Meiningen and Gotha. It is named after the river Ilm, flowing through the district.

text: Ilm

text: Kreis

text: is

text: district

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: Germany

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: by

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: clockwise

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Erfurt

text: the

text: districts

text: of

text: Weimarer

text: Land

text: Saalfeld

text: Rudolstadt

text: and

text: Hildburghausen

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Suhl

text: and

text: the

text: districts

text: of

text: Schmalkalden

text: Meiningen

text: and

text: Gotha

text: It

text: is

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: river

text: Ilm

text: flowing

text: through

text: the

text: district

text: Gehren is a town in the Ilm-Kreis district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Ilmenau. It has become town in 1855. Between 1881 and 1998, Gehren was linked to Ilmenau by railway.

text: Gehren

text: is

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: Ilm

text: Kreis

text: district

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: Germany

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: km

text: southeast

text: of

text: Ilmenau

text: It

text: has

text: become

text: town

text: in

text: Between

text: and

text: Gehren

text: was

text: linked

text: to

text: Ilmenau

text: by

text: railway

text: Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.

text: Germany

text: officially

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: of

text: Germany

text: is

text: federal

text: parliamentary

text: republic

text: in

text: central

text: western

text: Europe

text: It

text: includes

text: constituent

text: states

text: covers

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: has

text: largely

text: temperate

text: seasonal

text: climate

text: With

text: about

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Germany

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: member

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: After

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: immigration

text: destination

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Germany

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: metropolis

text: is

text: Berlin

text: Other

text: major

text: cities

text: include

text: Hamburg

text: Munich

text: Cologne

text: Frankfurt

text: Stuttgart

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text:
The Free State of Thuringia is a federal state in central Germany.
It has an area of and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states. Most of Thuringia is within the watershed of the Saale, a left tributary of the Elbe. The capital is .

text: The

text: Free

text: State

text: of

text: Thuringia

text: is

text: federal

text: state

text: in

text: central

text: Germany

text: It

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: and

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: sixth

text: smallest

text: by

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: fifth

text: smallest

text: by

text: population

text: of

text: Germany

text: 's

text: sixteen

text: states

text: Most

text: of

text: Thuringia

text: is

text: within

text: the

text: watershed

text: of

text: the

text: Saale

text: left

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: Elbe

text: The

text: capital

text: is

question: place_of_death helge auleb

answer: düsseldorf

text: düsseldorf