text: Universal Music Group, Inc. (also known as Universal Music Group Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California.

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Inc.

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: Recordings

text: Inc.

text: and

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: UMG

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: French

text: global

text: music

text: corporation

text: that

text: is

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: based

text: French

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: Vivendi

text: UMG

text: 's

text: global

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: are

text: in

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: California

text: Axiom was a record label founded by musician Bill Laswell in 1989 , with the support of Chris Blackwell , founder of Island Records . Axiom was an independent subdivision of Blackwell 's Island Records , with Laswell being afforded a budget for a certain number of albums each year , basically of his own choosing . The freedom Blackwell gave Laswell gave rise to a number of studio albums and field recordings that otherwise would likely not have been made within the confines of a normal major label structure . In 1989 , Chris Blackwell sold Island Records to PolyGram , which , in 2000 , became a subsidiary of the Universal Music Group -- with Blackwell staying on as CEO . In 1997 , Blackwell resigned from PolyGram after struggling with what he saw as restrictive oversight of his management . Axiom was ( at that moment ) shuttered as well , with most of the catalog falling out of print since then . When Blackwell started up his new venture , Palm Pictures , Laswell and the Axiom imprint were once again reactivated . Unfortunately , Palm since scaled back its involvement in the recorded - music field , effectively making Axiom dormant once again . A rumored play to buy the Axiom catalog from Universal Music also fizzled . Under Island 's aegis , Axiom released Sonny Sharrock 's Ask the Ages and Henry Threadgill 's Too Much Sugar for a Dime , as well as records by Laswell projects such as Praxis and Material . A series of stellar world - music titles were also released by Axiom , including Simon Shaheen 's tribute to Mohammed Abdel Wahab , Shankar 's Soul Searcher and pristine field recordings of Gnawa musicians in Morocco , Mandinka & Fulani Music in the Gambia and the famed Master Musicians of Jajouka in the Rif Mountains of Morocco . The major - label backing that Blackwell gave allowed Laswell to trek to these far out regions with modern equipment and make what are arguably the most pristine recordings of these ancient musics to date in their home environments . After moving to Palm Pictures , Axiom released only a handful of albums , notably by Material and the group Tabla Beat Science , which included Zakir Hussain , Ustad Sultan Khan , Bill Laswell , Karsh Kale , and others .

text: Axiom

text: was

text: record

text: label

text: founded

text: by

text: musician

text: Bill

text: Laswell

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: founder

text: of

text: Island

text: Records

text: Axiom

text: was

text: an

text: independent

text: subdivision

text: of

text: Blackwell

text: 's

text: Island

text: Records

text: with

text: Laswell

text: being

text: afforded

text: budget

text: for

text: certain

text: number

text: of

text: albums

text: each

text: year

text: basically

text: of

text: his

text: own

text: choosing

text: The

text: freedom

text: Blackwell

text: gave

text: Laswell

text: gave

text: rise

text: to

text: number

text: of

text: studio

text: albums

text: and

text: field

text: recordings

text: that

text: otherwise

text: would

text: likely

text: not

text: have

text: been

text: made

text: within

text: the

text: confines

text: of

text: normal

text: major

text: label

text: structure

text: In

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: sold

text: Island

text: Records

text: to

text: PolyGram

text: which

text: in

text: became

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: with

text: Blackwell

text: staying

text: on

text: as

text: CEO

text: In

text: Blackwell

text: resigned

text: from

text: PolyGram

text: after

text: struggling

text: with

text: what

text: he

text: saw

text: as

text: restrictive

text: oversight

text: of

text: his

text: management

text: Axiom

text: was

text: at

text: that

text: moment

text: shuttered

text: as

text: well

text: with

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: catalog

text: falling

text: out

text: of

text: print

text: since

text: then

text: When

text: Blackwell

text: started

text: up

text: his

text: new

text: venture

text: Palm

text: Pictures

text: Laswell

text: and

text: the

text: Axiom

text: imprint

text: were

text: once

text: again

text: reactivated

text: Unfortunately

text: Palm

text: since

text: scaled

text: back

text: its

text: involvement

text: in

text: the

text: recorded

text: music

text: field

text: effectively

text: making

text: Axiom

text: dormant

text: once

text: again

text: rumored

text: play

text: to

text: buy

text: the

text: Axiom

text: catalog

text: from

text: Universal

text: Music

text: also

text: fizzled

text: Under

text: Island

text: 's

text: aegis

text: Axiom

text: released

text: Sonny

text: Sharrock

text: 's

text: Ask

text: the

text: Ages

text: and

text: Henry

text: Threadgill

text: 's

text: Too

text: Much

text: Sugar

text: for

text: Dime

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: records

text: by

text: Laswell

text: projects

text: such

text: as

text: Praxis

text: and

text: Material

text: series

text: of

text: stellar

text: world

text: music

text: titles

text: were

text: also

text: released

text: by

text: Axiom

text: including

text: Simon

text: Shaheen

text: 's

text: tribute

text: to

text: Mohammed

text: Abdel

text: Wahab

text: Shankar

text: 's

text: Soul

text: Searcher

text: and

text: pristine

text: field

text: recordings

text: of

text: Gnawa

text: musicians

text: in

text: Morocco

text: Mandinka

text: Fulani

text: Music

text: in

text: the

text: Gambia

text: and

text: the

text: famed

text: Master

text: Musicians

text: of

text: Jajouka

text: in

text: the

text: Rif

text: Mountains

text: of

text: Morocco

text: The

text: major

text: label

text: backing

text: that

text: Blackwell

text: gave

text: allowed

text: Laswell

text: to

text: trek

text: to

text: these

text: far

text: out

text: regions

text: with

text: modern

text: equipment

text: and

text: make

text: what

text: are

text: arguably

text: the

text: most

text: pristine

text: recordings

text: of

text: these

text: ancient

text: musics

text: to

text: date

text: in

text: their

text: home

text: environments

text: After

text: moving

text: to

text: Palm

text: Pictures

text: Axiom

text: released

text: only

text: handful

text: of

text: albums

text: notably

text: by

text: Material

text: and

text: the

text: group

text: Tabla

text: Beat

text: Science

text: which

text: included

text: Zakir

text: Hussain

text: Ustad

text: Sultan

text: Khan

text: Bill

text: Laswell

text: Karsh

text: Kale

text: and

text: others

text: A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. Often, a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks, coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists ("artists and repertoire" or "A&R"); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer's name, along with other information.

text: record

text: label

text: or

text: record

text: company

text: is

text: brand

text: or

text: trademark

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: marketing

text: of

text: music

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: Often

text: record

text: label

text: is

text: also

text: publishing

text: company

text: that

text: manages

text: such

text: brands

text: and

text: trademarks

text: coordinates

text: the

text: production

text: manufacture

text: distribution

text: marketing

text: promotion

text: and

text: enforcement

text: of

text: copyright

text: for

text: sound

text: recordings

text: and

text: music

text: videos

text: conducts

text: talent

text: scouting

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: new

text: artists

text: artists

text: and

text: repertoire

text: or

text: A&R

text: and

text: maintains

text: contracts

text: with

text: recording

text: artists

text: and

text: their

text: managers

text: The

text: term

text: record

text: label

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: circular

text: label

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: vinyl

text: record

text: which

text: prominently

text: displays

text: the

text: manufacturer

text: 's

text: name

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: information

text: Leslie Kong (1933  9 August 1971) was an influential Chinese-Jamaican reggae producer.

text: Leslie

text: Kong

text: August

text: was

text: an

text: influential

text: Chinese

text: Jamaican

text: reggae

text: producer

text: Reggae is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s. The term also denotes the modern popular music of Jamaica and its diaspora. A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals "Do the Reggay" was the first popular song to use the word "reggae," effectively naming the genre and introducing it to a global audience. While sometimes used in a broad sense to refer to most types of popular Jamaican dance music, the term "reggae" more properly denotes a particular music style that was strongly influenced by traditional mento as well as American jazz and rhythm and blues, especially the New Orleans R&B practiced by Fats Domino and Allen Toussaint, and evolved out of the earlier genres ska and rocksteady. Reggae usually relates news, social gossip, and political comment. Reggae spread into a commercialized jazz field, being known first as Rudie Blues, then Ska, later Blue Beat, and Rock Steady. It is instantly recognizable from the counterpoint between the bass and drum downbeat, and the offbeat rhythm section. The immediate origins of reggae were in ska and rock steady; from the latter, reggae took over the use of the bass as a percussion instrument.

text: Reggae

text: is

text: music

text: genre

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: Jamaica

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: The

text: term

text: also

text: denotes

text: the

text: modern

text: popular

text: music

text: of

text: Jamaica

text: and

text: its

text: diaspora

text: single

text: by

text: Toots

text: and

text: the

text: Maytals

text: Do

text: the

text: Reggay

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: popular

text: song

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: word

text: reggae

text: effectively

text: naming

text: the

text: genre

text: and

text: introducing

text: it

text: to

text: global

text: audience

text: While

text: sometimes

text: used

text: in

text: broad

text: sense

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: most

text: types

text: of

text: popular

text: Jamaican

text: dance

text: music

text: the

text: term

text: reggae

text: more

text: properly

text: denotes

text: particular

text: music

text: style

text: that

text: was

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: by

text: traditional

text: mento

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: American

text: jazz

text: and

text: rhythm

text: and

text: blues

text: especially

text: the

text: New

text: Orleans

text: R&B

text: practiced

text: by

text: Fats

text: Domino

text: and

text: Allen

text: Toussaint

text: and

text: evolved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: earlier

text: genres

text: ska

text: and

text: rocksteady

text: Reggae

text: usually

text: relates

text: news

text: social

text: gossip

text: and

text: political

text: comment

text: Reggae

text: spread

text: into

text: commercialized

text: jazz

text: field

text: being

text: known

text: first

text: as

text: Rudie

text: Blues

text: then

text: Ska

text: later

text: Blue

text: Beat

text: and

text: Rock

text: Steady

text: It

text: is

text: instantly

text: recognizable

text: from

text: the

text: counterpoint

text: between

text: the

text: bass

text: and

text: drum

text: downbeat

text: and

text: the

text: offbeat

text: rhythm

text: section

text: The

text: immediate

text: origins

text: of

text: reggae

text: were

text: in

text: ska

text: and

text: rock

text: steady

text: from

text: the

text: latter

text: reggae

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: bass

text: as

text: percussion

text: instrument

text: Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, consisting of the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. The island, in area, lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the nation-states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Jamaica is the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean, by area.

text: Jamaica

text: is

text: an

text: island

text: country

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: island

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Antilles

text: The

text: island

text: in

text: area

text: lies

text: about

text: south

text: of

text: Cuba

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Hispaniola

text: the

text: island

text: containing

text: the

text: nation

text: states

text: of

text: Haiti

text: and

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: Jamaica

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: island

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: by

text: area

text: Copyright is a legal right created by the law of a country that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use and distribution. This is usually only for a limited time. The exclusive rights are not absolute but limited by limitations and exceptions to copyright law, including fair use. A major limitation on copyright is that copyright protects only the original expression of ideas, and not the underlying ideas themselves.

text: Copyright

text: is

text: legal

text: right

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: country

text: that

text: grants

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: an

text: original

text: work

text: exclusive

text: rights

text: for

text: its

text: use

text: and

text: distribution

text: This

text: is

text: usually

text: only

text: for

text: limited

text: time

text: The

text: exclusive

text: rights

text: are

text: not

text: absolute

text: but

text: limited

text: by

text: limitations

text: and

text: exceptions

text: to

text: copyright

text: law

text: including

text: fair

text: use

text: major

text: limitation

text: on

text: copyright

text: is

text: that

text: copyright

text: protects

text: only

text: the

text: original

text: expression

text: of

text: ideas

text: and

text: not

text: the

text: underlying

text: ideas

text: themselves

text: The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20, 1983, by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun to recognize and archive the history of the best-known and most influential artists, producers, engineers, and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fame's permanent home. Since opening in September 1995, the "Rock Hall"  part of the city's redeveloped North Coast Harbor  has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $1.8 billion.

text: The

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: and

text: Museum

text: is

text: hall

text: of

text: fame

text: and

text: museum

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: shore

text: of

text: Lake

text: Erie

text: in

text: downtown

text: Cleveland

text: Ohio

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: Foundation

text: was

text: established

text: on

text: April

text: by

text: Atlantic

text: Records

text: founder

text: and

text: chairman

text: Ahmet

text: Ertegun

text: to

text: recognize

text: and

text: archive

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: and

text: most

text: influential

text: artists

text: producers

text: engineers

text: and

text: other

text: notable

text: figures

text: who

text: have

text: had

text: some

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: In

text: Cleveland

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: hall

text: of

text: fame

text: 's

text: permanent

text: home

text: Since

text: opening

text: in

text: September

text: the

text: Rock

text: Hall

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: redeveloped

text: North

text: Coast

text: Harbor

text: has

text: hosted

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: visitors

text: and

text: had

text: cumulative

text: economic

text: impact

text: estimated

text: at

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: Christopher Percy Gordon "Chris" Blackwell (born 22 June 1937) is an English businessman and former record producer, and the founder of Island Records, which has been called "one of Britain's great independent labels". According to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, to which Blackwell was inducted in 2001, he is "the single person most responsible for turning the world on to reggae music."

text: Christopher

text: Percy

text: Gordon

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: English

text: businessman

text: and

text: former

text: record

text: producer

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: Island

text: Records

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: great

text: independent

text: labels

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: to

text: which

text: Blackwell

text: was

text: inducted

text: in

text: he

text: is

text: the

text: single

text: person

text: most

text: responsible

text: for

text: turning

text: the

text: world

text: on

text: to

text: reggae

text: music

text: Island Records is a Jamaican-English record label that operates as a division of the Universal Music Group (UMG). It was founded by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959. Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989. Both Island and another label recently acquired byPolyGram, A&M Records, were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history, with Island in particular having exerted a major influence on the progressive UK music scene in the early 1970s.

text: Island

text: Records

text: is

text: Jamaican

text: English

text: record

text: label

text: that

text: operates

text: as

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: UMG

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Chris

text: Blackwell

text: Graeme

text: Goodall

text: and

text: Leslie

text: Kong

text: in

text: Jamaica

text: in

text: Blackwell

text: sold

text: the

text: label

text: to

text: PolyGram

text: in

text: Both

text: Island

text: and

text: another

text: label

text: recently

text: acquired

text: byPolyGram

text: A&M

text: Records

text: were

text: both

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: largest

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

text: in

text: history

text: with

text: Island

text: in

text: particular

text: having

text: exerted

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: progressive

text: UK

text: music

text: scene

text: in

text: the

text: early

text:
PolyGram a/k/a The PolyGram Group was a Dutch owned mass-media company. It started as a major record label recording company founded by Philips and Siemens as a holding company for their music interests in 1979. The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records and the Philips interest Phonogram Inc. The company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disk gramophone, Emil Berliner. Later on, PolyGram expanded into a larger entertainment company, creating film and television divisions.
In May 1998, it was sold to Seagram which owned Universal Studios. The newly merged company became Universal Music Group. When the new company faced financial difficulties, its parent Seagram was sold in large part to Vivendi, and for a brief time, the company was known as Vivendi Universal. Vivendi is the current owner of UMG.

text: PolyGram

text: The

text: PolyGram

text: Group

text: was

text: Dutch

text: owned

text: mass

text: media

text: company

text: It

text: started

text: as

text: major

text: record

text: label

text: recording

text: company

text: founded

text: by

text: Philips

text: and

text: Siemens

text: as

text: holding

text: company

text: for

text: their

text: music

text: interests

text: in

text: The

text: name

text: was

text: chosen

text: to

text: reflect

text: the

text: Siemens

text: interest

text: Polydor

text: Records

text: and

text: the

text: Philips

text: interest

text: Phonogram

text: Inc.

text: The

text: company

text: traced

text: its

text: origins

text: through

text: Deutsche

text: Grammophon

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: inventor

text: of

text: the

text: flat

text: disk

text: gramophone

text: Emil

text: Berliner

text: Later

text: on

text: PolyGram

text: expanded

text: into

text: larger

text: entertainment

text: company

text: creating

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: divisions

text: In

text: May

text: it

text: was

text: sold

text: to

text: Seagram

text: which

text: owned

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: The

text: newly

text: merged

text: company

text: became

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: When

text: the

text: new

text: company

text: faced

text: financial

text: difficulties

text: its

text: parent

text: Seagram

text: was

text: sold

text: in

text: large

text: part

text: to

text: Vivendi

text: and

text: for

text: brief

text: time

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Vivendi

text: Universal

text: Vivendi

text: is

text: the

text: current

text: owner

text: of

text: UMG

question: genre axiom

answer: jazz

text: jazz

text: jazz


text: Digital media is any media that is encoded in a machine-readable format. Digital media can be created, viewed, distributed, modified and preserved on digital electronics devices. Computer programs and software; digital imagery, digital video; video games; web pages and websites, including social media; data and databases; digital audio, such as mp3s; and e-books are examples of digital media. Digital media are frequently contrasted with print media, such as printed books, newspapers and magazines, and other traditional or analog media, such as pictures, film or audio tape.

text: Digital

text: media

text: is

text: any

text: media

text: that

text: is

text: encoded

text: in

text: machine

text: readable

text: format

text: Digital

text: media

text: can

text: be

text: created

text: viewed

text: distributed

text: modified

text: and

text: preserved

text: on

text: digital

text: electronics

text: devices

text: Computer

text: programs

text: and

text: software

text: digital

text: imagery

text: digital

text: video

text: video

text: games

text: web

text: pages

text: and

text: websites

text: including

text: social

text: media

text: data

text: and

text: databases

text: digital

text: audio

text: such

text: as

text: and

text: books

text: are

text: examples

text: of

text: digital

text: media

text: Digital

text: media

text: are

text: frequently

text: contrasted

text: with

text: print

text: media

text: such

text: as

text: printed

text: books

text: newspapers

text: and

text: magazines

text: and

text: other

text: traditional

text: or

text: analog

text: media

text: such

text: as

text: pictures

text: film

text: or

text: audio

text: tape

text: The PlayStation Store (also abbreviated as PSN Store) is a digital media store available to users of Sony's PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita and PlayStation Portable game consoles via the PlayStation Network. The store offers a range of downloadable content both for purchase and available free of charge. Available content includes full games, add-on content, playable demos, themes and game/movie trailers.

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: Store

text: also

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: PSN

text: Store

text: is

text: digital

text: media

text: store

text: available

text: to

text: users

text: of

text: Sony

text: 's

text: PlayStation

text: PlayStation

text: PlayStation

text: Vita

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: Portable

text: game

text: consoles

text: via

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: The

text: store

text: offers

text: range

text: of

text: downloadable

text: content

text: both

text: for

text: purchase

text: and

text: available

text: free

text: of

text: charge

text: Available

text: content

text: includes

text: full

text: games

text: add

text: on

text: content

text: playable

text: demos

text: themes

text: and

text: game

text: movie

text: trailers

text: PlayStation Network (PSN) is a digital media entertainment service provided by Sony Interactive Entertainment. Launched in November 2006, PSN was originally conceived for the PlayStation video game consoles, but soon extended to encompass smartphones, tablets, Blu-ray players and high-definition televisions. As of April 2016, over 110 million users have been documented, with 65 million of them active monthly.

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: PSN

text: is

text: digital

text: media

text: entertainment

text: service

text: provided

text: by

text: Sony

text: Interactive

text: Entertainment

text: Launched

text: in

text: November

text: PSN

text: was

text: originally

text: conceived

text: for

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: but

text: soon

text: extended

text: to

text: encompass

text: smartphones

text: tablets

text: Blu

text: ray

text: players

text: and

text: high

text: definition

text: televisions

text: As

text: of

text: April

text: over

text: million

text: users

text: have

text: been

text: documented

text: with

text: million

text: of

text: them

text: active

text: monthly

text: The PlayStation Portable (PSP) is a handheld game console developed by Sony. Development of the console was announced during E3 2003, and it was unveiled on , 2004, at a Sony press conference before E3 2004. The system was released in Japan on , 2004, in North America on , 2005, and in the PAL region on , 2005. It primarily competed with the Nintendo DS, as part of the seventh generation of video games.

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: Portable

text: PSP

text: is

text: handheld

text: game

text: console

text: developed

text: by

text: Sony

text: Development

text: of

text: the

text: console

text: was

text: announced

text: during

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: unveiled

text: on

text: at

text: Sony

text: press

text: conference

text: before

text: The

text: system

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: on

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: PAL

text: region

text: on

text: It

text: primarily

text: competed

text: with

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: DS

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: seventh

text: generation

text: of

text: video

text: games

text: Nucleus is a downloadable game on the PlayStation Store , also known as Bacterius on the Japanese PSN .

text: Nucleus

text: is

text: downloadable

text: game

text: on

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Store

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Bacterius

text: on

text: the

text: Japanese

text: PSN

text: The PlayStation 3 (abbreviated as PS3) is a home video game console developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the successor to PlayStation 2, and is part of the PlayStation brand of consoles. It competed with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles. It was first released on November 11, 2006, in Japan, November 17, 2006 in North America, and March 27, 2007 in Europe and Australia.

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: abbreviated

text: as

text: is

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: console

text: developed

text: by

text: Sony

text: Computer

text: Entertainment

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: PlayStation

text: and

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: brand

text: of

text: consoles

text: It

text: competed

text: with

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Xbox

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: Wii

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: seventh

text: generation

text: of

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: released

text: on

text: November

text: in

text: Japan

text: November

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: March

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: Australia

text: Downloadable content (DLC) is additional content created for a released video game. It is distributed through the Internet by the game's official publisher. Downloadable content can be of several types, ranging from aesthetic outfit changes to a new, extensive storyline, similar to an expansion pack. As such, DLC may add new game modes, objects, levels, challenges or other features to a complete, already released game.

text: Downloadable

text: content

text: DLC

text: is

text: additional

text: content

text: created

text: for

text: released

text: video

text: game

text: It

text: is

text: distributed

text: through

text: the

text: Internet

text: by

text: the

text: game

text: 's

text: official

text: publisher

text: Downloadable

text: content

text: can

text: be

text: of

text: several

text: types

text: ranging

text: from

text: aesthetic

text: outfit

text: changes

text: to

text: new

text: extensive

text: storyline

text: similar

text: to

text: an

text: expansion

text: pack

text: As

text: such

text: DLC

text: may

text: add

text: new

text: game

text: modes

text: objects

text: levels

text: challenges

text: or

text: other

text: features

text: to

text: complete

text: already

text: released

text: game

annotations: follows multiple

question: platform nucleus

answer: playstation 3

text: playstation 3

text: playstation 3


text: Absolute monarchy, or despotic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority that is not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customs. These are often, but not always, hereditary monarchies. In contrast, in constitutional monarchies, the head of state's authority derives from and is legally bounded or restricted by a constitution or legislature.

text: Absolute

text: monarchy

text: or

text: despotic

text: monarchy

text: is

text: form

text: of

text: monarchy

text: in

text: which

text: one

text: ruler

text: has

text: supreme

text: authority

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: restricted

text: by

text: any

text: written

text: laws

text: legislature

text: or

text: customs

text: These

text: are

text: often

text: but

text: not

text: always

text: hereditary

text: monarchies

text: In

text: contrast

text: in

text: constitutional

text: monarchies

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: 's

text: authority

text: derives

text: from

text: and

text: is

text: legally

text: bounded

text: or

text: restricted

text: by

text: constitution

text: or

text: legislature

text: A city is a large and permanent human settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town in general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.

text: city

text: is

text: large

text: and

text: permanent

text: human

text: settlement

text: Although

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: agreement

text: on

text: how

text: city

text: is

text: distinguished

text: from

text: town

text: in

text: general

text: English

text: language

text: meanings

text: many

text: cities

text: have

text: particular

text: administrative

text: legal

text: or

text: historical

text: status

text: based

text: on

text: local

text: law

text: A legislator (or lawmaker) is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. Legislators are usually politicians and are often elected by the people of the state. Legislatures may be supra-national (for example, the European Parliament), national (for example, the United States Congress), regional (for example, the National Assembly for Wales), or local (for example, local authorities).

text: legislator

text: or

text: lawmaker

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: writes

text: and

text: passes

text: laws

text: especially

text: someone

text: who

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: legislature

text: Legislators

text: are

text: usually

text: politicians

text: and

text: are

text: often

text: elected

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: Legislatures

text: may

text: be

text: supra

text: national

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: European

text: Parliament

text: national

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: regional

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: for

text: Wales

text: or

text: local

text: for

text: example

text: local

text: authorities

text: Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. State-enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people.

text: Law

text: is

text: system

text: of

text: rules

text: that

text: are

text: created

text: and

text: enforced

text: through

text: social

text: or

text: governmental

text: institutions

text: to

text: regulate

text: behavior

text: State

text: enforced

text: laws

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: by

text: collective

text: legislature

text: or

text: by

text: single

text: legislator

text: resulting

text: in

text: statutes

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: through

text: decrees

text: and

text: regulations

text: or

text: established

text: by

text: judges

text: through

text: precedent

text: normally

text: in

text: common

text: law

text: jurisdictions

text: Private

text: individuals

text: can

text: create

text: legally

text: binding

text: contracts

text: including

text: arbitration

text: agreements

text: that

text: may

text: elect

text: to

text: accept

text: alternative

text: arbitration

text: to

text: the

text: normal

text: court

text: process

text: The

text: formation

text: of

text: laws

text: themselves

text: may

text: be

text: influenced

text: by

text: constitution

text: written

text: or

text: tacit

text: and

text: the

text: rights

text: encoded

text: therein

text: The

text: law

text: shapes

text: politics

text: economics

text: history

text: and

text: society

text: in

text: various

text: ways

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: mediator

text: of

text: relations

text: between

text: people

text:
Statutory law or statute law is written law set down by a body of legislature or by a singular legislator (in the case of an absolute monarchy). This is as opposed to oral or customary law; or regulatory law promulgated by the executive or common law of the judiciary.
Statutes may originate with national, state legislatures or local municipalities.

text: Statutory

text: law

text: or

text: statute

text: law

text: is

text: written

text: law

text: set

text: down

text: by

text: body

text: of

text: legislature

text: or

text: by

text: singular

text: legislator

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: an

text: absolute

text: monarchy

text: This

text: is

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: oral

text: or

text: customary

text: law

text: or

text: regulatory

text: law

text: promulgated

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: or

text: common

text: law

text: of

text: the

text: judiciary

text: Statutes

text: may

text: originate

text: with

text: national

text: state

text: legislatures

text: or

text: local

text: municipalities

text: The judiciary (also known as the judicial system or court system) is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state. The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. In some nations, under doctrines of separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law (which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case. In other nations, the judiciary can make law, known as Common Law, by setting precedent for other judges to follow, as opposed to Statutory Law made by the legislature. The Judiciary is often tasked with ensuring equal justice under law.

text: The

text: judiciary

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: judicial

text: system

text: or

text: court

text: system

text: is

text: the

text: system

text: of

text: courts

text: that

text: interprets

text: and

text: applies

text: the

text: law

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: judiciary

text: also

text: provides

text: mechanism

text: for

text: the

text: resolution

text: of

text: disputes

text: In

text: some

text: nations

text: under

text: doctrines

text: of

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: the

text: judiciary

text: generally

text: does

text: not

text: make

text: law

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: responsibility

text: of

text: the

text: legislature

text: or

text: enforce

text: law

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: responsibility

text: of

text: the

text: executive

text: but

text: rather

text: interprets

text: law

text: and

text: applies

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: facts

text: of

text: each

text: case

text: In

text: other

text: nations

text: the

text: judiciary

text: can

text: make

text: law

text: known

text: as

text: Common

text: Law

text: by

text: setting

text: precedent

text: for

text: other

text: judges

text: to

text: follow

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Statutory

text: Law

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: legislature

text: The

text: Judiciary

text: is

text: often

text: tasked

text: with

text: ensuring

text: equal

text: justice

text: under

text: law

text: A deliberative assembly is a gathering of members (of any kind of collective) who use parliamentary procedure to make decisions.

text: deliberative

text: assembly

text: is

text: gathering

text: of

text: members

text: of

text: any

text: kind

text: of

text: collective

text: who

text: use

text: parliamentary

text: procedure

text: to

text: make

text: decisions

text: A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a state, city or country. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. Statutes are rules made by legislative bodies; they are distinguished from case law or precedent, which is decided by courts, and regulations issued by government agencies. Statute law is written by a government's legislative body and signed into law by its executive.

text: statute

text: is

text: formal

text: written

text: enactment

text: of

text: legislative

text: authority

text: that

text: governs

text: state

text: city

text: or

text: country

text: Typically

text: statutes

text: command

text: or

text: prohibit

text: something

text: or

text: declare

text: policy

text: Statutes

text: are

text: rules

text: made

text: by

text: legislative

text: bodies

text: they

text: are

text: distinguished

text: from

text: case

text: law

text: or

text: precedent

text: which

text: is

text: decided

text: by

text: courts

text: and

text: regulations

text: issued

text: by

text: government

text: agencies

text: Statute

text: law

text: is

text: written

text: by

text: government

text: 's

text: legislative

text: body

text: and

text: signed

text: into

text: law

text: by

text: its

text: executive

text: The separation of powers, often imprecisely and metonymically used interchangeably with the trias politica principle, is a model for the governance of a state (or who controls the state). Under this model, the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. The typical division of branches is into a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary. It can be contrasted with the fusion of powers in some parliamentary systems where the executive and legislature (and sometimes parts of the judiciary) are unified.

text: The

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: often

text: imprecisely

text: and

text: metonymically

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: with

text: the

text: trias

text: politica

text: principle

text: is

text: model

text: for

text: the

text: governance

text: of

text: state

text: or

text: who

text: controls

text: the

text: state

text: Under

text: this

text: model

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: branches

text: each

text: with

text: separate

text: and

text: independent

text: powers

text: and

text: areas

text: of

text: responsibility

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: one

text: branch

text: are

text: not

text: in

text: conflict

text: with

text: the

text: powers

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: branches

text: The

text: typical

text: division

text: of

text: branches

text: is

text: into

text: legislature

text: an

text: executive

text: and

text: judiciary

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: contrasted

text: with

text: the

text: fusion

text: of

text: powers

text: in

text: some

text: parliamentary

text: systems

text: where

text: the

text: executive

text: and

text: legislature

text: and

text: sometimes

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: judiciary

text: are

text: unified

text: Common law (also known as case law or precedent) is law developed by judges, courts, and similar tribunals, stated in decisions that nominally decide individual cases but that in addition have precedential effect on future cases. Common law is a third branch of law, in contrast to and on equal footing with statutes which are adopted through the legislative process, and regulations which are promulgated by the executive branch. In cases where the parties disagree on what the law is, a common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts. If a similar dispute has been resolved in the past, the court is usually bound to follow the reasoning used in the prior decision (a principle known as "stare decisis"). If, however, the court finds that the current dispute is fundamentally distinct from all previous cases (called a "matter of first impression"), judges have the authority and duty to resolve the issue (one party or the other has to win, and on disagreements of law, judges make that decision). Resolution of the issue in one case becomes precedent that binds future courts. "Stare decisis", the principle that cases should be decided according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar results, lies at the heart of all common law systems.

text: Common

text: law

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: case

text: law

text: or

text: precedent

text: is

text: law

text: developed

text: by

text: judges

text: courts

text: and

text: similar

text: tribunals

text: stated

text: in

text: decisions

text: that

text: nominally

text: decide

text: individual

text: cases

text: but

text: that

text: in

text: addition

text: have

text: precedential

text: effect

text: on

text: future

text: cases

text: Common

text: law

text: is

text: third

text: branch

text: of

text: law

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: and

text: on

text: equal

text: footing

text: with

text: statutes

text: which

text: are

text: adopted

text: through

text: the

text: legislative

text: process

text: and

text: regulations

text: which

text: are

text: promulgated

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: branch

text: In

text: cases

text: where

text: the

text: parties

text: disagree

text: on

text: what

text: the

text: law

text: is

text: common

text: law

text: court

text: looks

text: to

text: past

text: precedential

text: decisions

text: of

text: relevant

text: courts

text: If

text: similar

text: dispute

text: has

text: been

text: resolved

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: the

text: court

text: is

text: usually

text: bound

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: reasoning

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: prior

text: decision

text: principle

text: known

text: as

text: stare

text: decisis

text: If

text: however

text: the

text: court

text: finds

text: that

text: the

text: current

text: dispute

text: is

text: fundamentally

text: distinct

text: from

text: all

text: previous

text: cases

text: called

text: matter

text: of

text: first

text: impression

text: judges

text: have

text: the

text: authority

text: and

text: duty

text: to

text: resolve

text: the

text: issue

text: one

text: party

text: or

text: the

text: other

text: has

text: to

text: win

text: and

text: on

text: disagreements

text: of

text: law

text: judges

text: make

text: that

text: decision

text: Resolution

text: of

text: the

text: issue

text: in

text: one

text: case

text: becomes

text: precedent

text: that

text: binds

text: future

text: courts

text: Stare

text: decisis

text: the

text: principle

text: that

text: cases

text: should

text: be

text: decided

text: according

text: to

text: consistent

text: principled

text: rules

text: so

text: that

text: similar

text: facts

text: will

text: yield

text: similar

text: results

text: lies

text: at

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: all

text: common

text: law

text: systems

text: Legislation ( or `` statutory law '' ) is law which has been promulgated ( or `` enacted '' ) by a legislature or other Governing Body or the process of making it . Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill , and may be broadly referred to as `` legislation '' , while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business . Legislation can have many purposes : to regulate , to authorize , to proscribe , to provide ( funds ) , to sanction , to grant , to declare or to restrict . It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act which is adopted by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act or for implementing a legislative act . Under the Westminster system , an item of primary legislation is known as an Act of Parliament after enactment . Legislation is usually proposed by a member of the legislature ( e.g. a member of Congress or Parliament ) , or by the executive , whereupon it is debated by members of the legislature and is often amended before passage . Most large legislatures enact only a small fraction of the bills proposed in a given session . Whether a given bill will be proposed and is generally a matter of the legislative priorities of government . Legislation is regarded as one of the three main functions of government , which are often distinguished under the doctrine of the separation of powers . Those who have the formal power to create legislation are known as legislators ; a judicial branch of government will have the formal power to interpret legislation ( see statutory interpretation ) ; the executive branch of government can act only within the powers and limits set by the law .

text: Legislation

text: or

text: statutory

text: law

text: is

text: law

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: promulgated

text: or

text: enacted

text: by

text: legislature

text: or

text: other

text: Governing

text: Body

text: or

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: Before

text: an

text: item

text: of

text: legislation

text: becomes

text: law

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: bill

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: broadly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: legislation

text: while

text: it

text: remains

text: under

text: consideration

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: other

text: business

text: Legislation

text: can

text: have

text: many

text: purposes

text: to

text: regulate

text: to

text: authorize

text: to

text: proscribe

text: to

text: provide

text: funds

text: to

text: sanction

text: to

text: grant

text: to

text: declare

text: or

text: to

text: restrict

text: It

text: may

text: be

text: contrasted

text: with

text: non

text: legislative

text: act

text: which

text: is

text: adopted

text: by

text: an

text: executive

text: or

text: administrative

text: body

text: under

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: legislative

text: act

text: or

text: for

text: implementing

text: legislative

text: act

text: Under

text: the

text: Westminster

text: system

text: an

text: item

text: of

text: primary

text: legislation

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: Act

text: of

text: Parliament

text: after

text: enactment

text: Legislation

text: is

text: usually

text: proposed

text: by

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: legislature

text: e.g.

text: member

text: of

text: Congress

text: or

text: Parliament

text: or

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: whereupon

text: it

text: is

text: debated

text: by

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: legislature

text: and

text: is

text: often

text: amended

text: before

text: passage

text: Most

text: large

text: legislatures

text: enact

text: only

text: small

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: bills

text: proposed

text: in

text: given

text: session

text: Whether

text: given

text: bill

text: will

text: be

text: proposed

text: and

text: is

text: generally

text: matter

text: of

text: the

text: legislative

text: priorities

text: of

text: government

text: Legislation

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: main

text: functions

text: of

text: government

text: which

text: are

text: often

text: distinguished

text: under

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: Those

text: who

text: have

text: the

text: formal

text: power

text: to

text: create

text: legislation

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: legislators

text: judicial

text: branch

text: of

text: government

text: will

text: have

text: the

text: formal

text: power

text: to

text: interpret

text: legislation

text: see

text: statutory

text: interpretation

text: the

text: executive

text: branch

text: of

text: government

text: can

text: act

text: only

text: within

text: the

text: powers

text: and

text: limits

text: set

text: by

text: the

text: law

text: A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. Legislatures form important parts of most governments; in the separation of powers model, they are often contrasted with the executive and judicial branches of government.

text: legislature

text: is

text: deliberative

text: assembly

text: with

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: make

text: laws

text: for

text: political

text: entity

text: such

text: as

text: country

text: or

text: city

text: Legislatures

text: form

text: important

text: parts

text: of

text: most

text: governments

text: in

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: model

text: they

text: are

text: often

text: contrasted

text: with

text: the

text: executive

text: and

text: judicial

text: branches

text: of

text: government

text: The word authority (derived from the Latin word "auctoritas") can be used to mean the right to exercise power given by the State (in the form of government, judges, police officers, etc.), or by academic knowledge of an area (someone that can be an authority on a subject).

text: The

text: word

text: authority

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: word

text: auctoritas

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: mean

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: exercise

text: power

text: given

text: by

text: the

text: State

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: judges

text: police

text: officers

text: etc

text: or

text: by

text: academic

text: knowledge

text: of

text: an

text: area

text: someone

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: an

text: authority

text: on

text: subject

text: Regulatory law refers law promulgated by an executive branch agency under a delegation from a legislature. Discussed at Regulation (law). Regulatory law contrasts to statutory law promulgated by the legislative branch, and common law or case law promulgated by the judicial branch.

text: Regulatory

text: law

text: refers

text: law

text: promulgated

text: by

text: an

text: executive

text: branch

text: agency

text: under

text: delegation

text: from

text: legislature

text: Discussed

text: at

text: Regulation

text: law

text: Regulatory

text: law

text: contrasts

text: to

text: statutory

text: law

text: promulgated

text: by

text: the

text: legislative

text: branch

text: and

text: common

text: law

text: or

text: case

text: law

text: promulgated

text: by

text: the

text: judicial

text: branch

annotations: follows single

question: subclass_of legislation

answer: statute

text: statute

text: statute

text: statute


text: Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels"), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the second-most populous city in the United States (after New York City), the most populous city in California and the county seat of Los Angeles County. Situated in Southern California, Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, sprawling metropolis, and as a major center of the American entertainment industry. Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over .

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Spanish

text: for

text: The

text: Angels

text: officially

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: and

text: often

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: initials

text: L.A.

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: California

text: and

text: the

text: county

text: seat

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: Situated

text: in

text: Southern

text: California

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: mediterranean

text: climate

text: ethnic

text: diversity

text: sprawling

text: metropolis

text: and

text: as

text: major

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: lies

text: in

text: large

text: coastal

text: basin

text: surrounded

text: on

text: three

text: sides

text: by

text: mountains

text: reaching

text: up

text: to

text: and

text: over

text: A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film.

text: film

text: director

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: directs

text: the

text: making

text: of

text: film

text: Generally

text: film

text: director

text: controls

text: film

text: 's

text: artistic

text: and

text: dramatic

text: aspects

text: and

text: visualizes

text: the

text: script

text: while

text: guiding

text: the

text: technical

text: crew

text: and

text: actors

text: in

text: the

text: fulfillment

text: of

text: that

text: vision

text: The

text: director

text: has

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: choosing

text: the

text: cast

text: members

text: production

text: design

text: and

text: the

text: creative

text: aspects

text: of

text: filmmaking

text: Under

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: the

text: director

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Hollywood (, informally Tinseltown ) is an ethnically diverse, densely populated, relatively low-income neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.

text: Hollywood

text: informally

text: Tinseltown

text: is

text: an

text: ethnically

text: diverse

text: densely

text: populated

text: relatively

text: low

text: income

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: region

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: California

text: It

text: is

text: notable

text: as

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: film

text: industry

text: including

text: several

text: of

text: its

text: historic

text: studios

text: and

text: its

text: name

text: has

text: come

text: to

text: be

text: shorthand

text: reference

text: for

text: the

text: industry

text: and

text: the

text: people

text: in

text: it

text: Stairs of Sand is a 1929 silent film made by Paramount Pictures , directed by Otto Brower , and written by Agnes Brand Leahy , Sam Mintz and J. Walter Ruben , based on novel by Zane Grey .

text: Stairs

text: of

text: Sand

text: is

text: silent

text: film

text: made

text: by

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: directed

text: by

text: Otto

text: Brower

text: and

text: written

text: by

text: Agnes

text: Brand

text: Leahy

text: Sam

text: Mintz

text: and

text: Walter

text: Ruben

text: based

text: on

text: novel

text: by

text: Zane

text: Grey

text: Riders of the Purple Sage is a Western novel by Zane Grey, first published by Harper & Brothers in 1912. Considered by many critics to have played a significant role in shaping the formula of the popular Western genre, the novel has been called "the most popular western novel of all time."

text: Riders

text: of

text: the

text: Purple

text: Sage

text: is

text: Western

text: novel

text: by

text: Zane

text: Grey

text: first

text: published

text: by

text: Harper

text: Brothers

text: in

text: Considered

text: by

text: many

text: critics

text: to

text: have

text: played

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: shaping

text: the

text: formula

text: of

text: the

text: popular

text: Western

text: genre

text: the

text: novel

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: western

text: novel

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western (Pacific Ocean) coast of the U.S., California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The state also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County.

text: California

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: California

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: other

text: U.S.

text: states

text: of

text: Oregon

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Arizona

text: and

text: shares

text: an

text: international

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: Mexican

text: state

text: of

text: Baja

text: California

text: The

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sacramento

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: is

text: California

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: county

text: by

text: area

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: County

text: Paramount Pictures Corporation (known professionally as Paramount Pictures and often referred to simply as Paramount) is an American film studio based in Hollywood, California, that has been a subsidiary of the American media conglomerate Viacom since 1994. Paramount is the fifth oldest surviving film studio in the world, the second oldest in the United States, and the sole member of the "Big Six" film studios still located in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood. In 1916 Zukor contracted 22 actors and actresses and honored each with a star on the logo. These fortunate few would become the first "movie stars." Paramount Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: Corporation

text: known

text: professionally

text: as

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: and

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: Paramount

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: studio

text: based

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: California

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: Viacom

text: since

text: Paramount

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: film

text: studio

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: second

text: oldest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: sole

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Six

text: film

text: studios

text: still

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: neighborhood

text: of

text: Hollywood

text: In

text: Zukor

text: contracted

text: actors

text: and

text: actresses

text: and

text: honored

text: each

text: with

text: star

text: on

text: the

text: logo

text: These

text: fortunate

text: few

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: first

text: movie

text: stars

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: is

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Association

text: of

text: America

text: MPAA

text: The American Frontier comprises the geography, history, folklore, and cultural expression of life in the forward wave of American expansion that began with English colonial settlements in the early 18th century and ended with the admission of the last mainland territories as states in 1912. "Frontier" refers to a contrasting region at the edge of a European-American line of settlement. American historians cover multiple frontiers but the folklore is focused primarily on the 19th century west of the Mississippi River. Enormous popular attention in the media focuses on the Western United States in the second half of the 19th century, a period sometimes called the Old West, or the Wild West, frequently exaggerating the romance and violence of the period.

text: The

text: American

text: Frontier

text: comprises

text: the

text: geography

text: history

text: folklore

text: and

text: cultural

text: expression

text: of

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: forward

text: wave

text: of

text: American

text: expansion

text: that

text: began

text: with

text: English

text: colonial

text: settlements

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: and

text: ended

text: with

text: the

text: admission

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: mainland

text: territories

text: as

text: states

text: in

text: Frontier

text: refers

text: to

text: contrasting

text: region

text: at

text: the

text: edge

text: of

text: European

text: American

text: line

text: of

text: settlement

text: American

text: historians

text: cover

text: multiple

text: frontiers

text: but

text: the

text: folklore

text: is

text: focused

text: primarily

text: on

text: the

text: century

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: Enormous

text: popular

text: attention

text: in

text: the

text: media

text: focuses

text: on

text: the

text: Western

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: period

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: Old

text: West

text: or

text: the

text: Wild

text: West

text: frequently

text: exaggerating

text: the

text: romance

text: and

text: violence

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: A media conglomerate, media group, or media institution is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, theme parks, or the Internet. According to the magazine "Nation", "Media conglomerates strive for policies that facilitate their control of the markets around the world."

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: media

text: group

text: or

text: media

text: institution

text: is

text: company

text: that

text: owns

text: numerous

text: companies

text: involved

text: in

text: mass

text: media

text: enterprises

text: such

text: as

text: television

text: radio

text: publishing

text: motion

text: pictures

text: theme

text: parks

text: or

text: the

text: Internet

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: magazine

text: Nation

text: Media

text: conglomerates

text: strive

text: for

text: policies

text: that

text: facilitate

text: their

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: markets

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: Viacom, Inc. (known simply as Viacom) is an American media conglomerate with interests primarily in cinema and cable television. It is currently the world's sixth largest broadcasting and cable company in terms of revenue, behind Comcast, The Walt Disney Company, Time Warner, 21st Century Fox and CBS Corporation, respectively. Voting control of Viacom is held by National Amusements, Inc., a privately owned theater company controlled by the billionaire Sumner Redstone. Redstone also holds via National Amusements a controlling stake in CBS Corporation.

text: Viacom

text: Inc.

text: known

text: simply

text: as

text: Viacom

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: with

text: interests

text: primarily

text: in

text: cinema

text: and

text: cable

text: television

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: sixth

text: largest

text: broadcasting

text: and

text: cable

text: company

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: behind

text: Comcast

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: Time

text: Warner

text: Century

text: Fox

text: and

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: respectively

text: Voting

text: control

text: of

text: Viacom

text: is

text: held

text: by

text: National

text: Amusements

text: Inc.

text: privately

text: owned

text: theater

text: company

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: billionaire

text: Sumner

text: Redstone

text: Redstone

text: also

text: holds

text: via

text: National

text: Amusements

text: controlling

text: stake

text: in

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: A film studio (also known as movie studio or simply studio) is a major entertainment company or motion picture company that has its own privately owned studio facility or facilities that are used to make films, which is handled by the production company. The majority of firms in the entertainment industry have never owned their own studios, but have rented space from other companies.

text: film

text: studio

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: movie

text: studio

text: or

text: simply

text: studio

text: is

text: major

text: entertainment

text: company

text: or

text: motion

text: picture

text: company

text: that

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: privately

text: owned

text: studio

text: facility

text: or

text: facilities

text: that

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: make

text: films

text: which

text: is

text: handled

text: by

text: the

text: production

text: company

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: firms

text: in

text: the

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: have

text: never

text: owned

text: their

text: own

text: studios

text: but

text: have

text: rented

text: space

text: from

text: other

text: companies

text: Otto Brower (December 2, 1890  January 25, 1946) was an American film director. He directed 45 films between 1928 and 1946. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and died in Hollywood, California, from a heart attack.

text: Otto

text: Brower

text: December

text: January

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: director

text: He

text: directed

text: films

text: between

text: and

text: He

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Grand

text: Rapids

text: Michigan

text: and

text: died

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: California

text: from

text: heart

text: attack

text: Pearl Zane Grey (January 31, 1872  October 23, 1939) was an American dentist and author best known for his popular adventure novels and stories associated with the Western genre in literature and the arts; he idealized the American frontier. "Riders of the Purple Sage" (1912) was his best-selling book. In addition to the commercial success of his printed works, they had second lives and continuing influence when adapted as films and television productions. His novels and short stories have been adapted into 112 films, two television episodes, and a television series, "Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theater".

text: Pearl

text: Zane

text: Grey

text: January

text: October

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: dentist

text: and

text: author

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: popular

text: adventure

text: novels

text: and

text: stories

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Western

text: genre

text: in

text: literature

text: and

text: the

text: arts

text: he

text: idealized

text: the

text: American

text: frontier

text: Riders

text: of

text: the

text: Purple

text: Sage

text: was

text: his

text: best

text: selling

text: book

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: commercial

text: success

text: of

text: his

text: printed

text: works

text: they

text: had

text: second

text: lives

text: and

text: continuing

text: influence

text: when

text: adapted

text: as

text: films

text: and

text: television

text: productions

text: His

text: novels

text: and

text: short

text: stories

text: have

text: been

text: adapted

text: into

text: films

text: two

text: television

text: episodes

text: and

text: television

text: series

text: Dick

text: Powell

text: 's

text: Zane

text: Grey

text: Theater

annotations: likely multiple

question: genre stairs of sand

answer: western

text: western

text: western

text: western

text: western

text: western

text: western


text: Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress.

text: Walter

text: Elias

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: December

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: entrepreneur

text: animator

text: voice

text: actor

text: and

text: film

text: producer

text: pioneer

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: animation

text: industry

text: he

text: introduced

text: several

text: developments

text: in

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: cartoons

text: As

text: film

text: producer

text: Disney

text: holds

text: the

text: record

text: for

text: most

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: earned

text: by

text: an

text: individual

text: having

text: won

text: Oscars

text: from

text: nominations

text: He

text: was

text: presented

text: with

text: two

text: Golden

text: Globe

text: Special

text: Achievement

text: Awards

text: and

text: an

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: among

text: other

text: honors

text: Several

text: of

text: his

text: films

text: are

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Film

text: Registry

text: by

text: the

text: Library

text: of

text: Congress

text: Americast was a cable alternative broadcast Joint venture of five telephone companies : SBC , BellSouth Corporation , Ameritech Corporation , GTE Corporation and SNET . The Walt Disney Company 's Disney Televenture subsidiary was a programming partner . No standard delivery technologies was chosen for Americast with cable , direct - broadcast satellite and microwave as options for partner companies to use .

text: Americast

text: was

text: cable

text: alternative

text: broadcast

text: Joint

text: venture

text: of

text: five

text: telephone

text: companies

text: SBC

text: BellSouth

text: Corporation

text: Ameritech

text: Corporation

text: GTE

text: Corporation

text: and

text: SNET

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: 's

text: Disney

text: Televenture

text: subsidiary

text: was

text: programming

text: partner

text: No

text: standard

text: delivery

text: technologies

text: was

text: chosen

text: for

text: Americast

text: with

text: cable

text: direct

text: broadcast

text: satellite

text: and

text: microwave

text: as

text: options

text: for

text: partner

text: companies

text: to

text: use

text: Comcast Corporation (formerly registered as Comcast Holdings) is an American global telecommunications conglomerate that is the largest broadcasting and cable television company in the world by revenue. It is the second-largest pay-TV company after the AT&T-DirecTV acquisition, largest cable TV company and largest home Internet service provider in the United States, and the nation's third-largest home telephone service provider. Comcast services U.S. residential and commercial customers in 40 states and in the District of Columbia. The company's headquarters are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As the owner of the international media company NBCUniversal since 2011, Comcast is a producer of feature films and television programs intended for theatrical exhibition and over-the-air and cable television broadcast.

text: Comcast

text: Corporation

text: formerly

text: registered

text: as

text: Comcast

text: Holdings

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: global

text: telecommunications

text: conglomerate

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: broadcasting

text: and

text: cable

text: television

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: revenue

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: pay

text: TV

text: company

text: after

text: the

text: AT&T

text: DirecTV

text: acquisition

text: largest

text: cable

text: TV

text: company

text: and

text: largest

text: home

text: Internet

text: service

text: provider

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: home

text: telephone

text: service

text: provider

text: Comcast

text: services

text: U.S.

text: residential

text: and

text: commercial

text: customers

text: in

text: states

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: District

text: of

text: Columbia

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

text: As

text: the

text: owner

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: media

text: company

text: NBCUniversal

text: since

text: Comcast

text: is

text: producer

text: of

text: feature

text: films

text: and

text: television

text: programs

text: intended

text: for

text: theatrical

text: exhibition

text: and

text: over

text: the

text: air

text: and

text: cable

text: television

text: broadcast

text: Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, northwest of downtown Los Angeles. The population at the 2010 census was 103,340.

text: Burbank

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: in

text: Southern

text: California

text: United

text: States

text: northwest

text: of

text: downtown

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: The

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: census

text: was

text: The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the world's second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue, after Comcast. Disney was founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production, television, and theme parks. The company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio, then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its existing operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing, and online media.

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Disney

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: diversified

text: multinational

text: mass

text: media

text: and

text: entertainment

text: conglomerate

text: headquartered

text: at

text: the

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Studios

text: in

text: Burbank

text: California

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: media

text: conglomerate

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: after

text: Comcast

text: Disney

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: October

text: by

text: brothers

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: and

text: Roy

text: Disney

text: as

text: the

text: Disney

text: Brothers

text: Cartoon

text: Studio

text: and

text: established

text: itself

text: as

text: leader

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: animation

text: industry

text: before

text: diversifying

text: into

text: live

text: action

text: film

text: production

text: television

text: and

text: theme

text: parks

text: The

text: company

text: also

text: operated

text: under

text: the

text: names

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Studio

text: then

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Productions

text: Taking

text: on

text: its

text: current

text: name

text: in

text: it

text: expanded

text: its

text: existing

text: operations

text: and

text: also

text: started

text: divisions

text: focused

text: upon

text: theater

text: radio

text: music

text: publishing

text: and

text: online

text: media

text: The mass media is a diversified collection of media technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication. The technologies through which this communication takes place include a variety of outlets.

text: The

text: mass

text: media

text: is

text: diversified

text: collection

text: of

text: media

text: technologies

text: that

text: reach

text: large

text: audience

text: via

text: mass

text: communication

text: The

text: technologies

text: through

text: which

text: this

text: communication

text: takes

text: place

text: include

text: variety

text: of

text: outlets

text: A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and risks, and shared governance. Most joint ventures are incorporated, although some, as in the oil and gas industry, are "unincorporated" joint ventures that mimic a corporate entity. Key elements of a joint venture's design include: 1) the number of parties; 2) the geographic, product, technology and value-chain scope within which the JV will operate; 3) the contributions of the parties; 4) the structural form (each country has specific options, e.g. in the U.S. the main options are a C Corporation or an LLC/partnership structure); 5) the valuation of initial contributions and ownership split among the parties; 6) the economic arrangements, post-deal (e.g. Is the joint venture intended to general profits vs. operate as a cost-sharing or production-sharing venture; if a for-profit entity, will the parties share profits in proportion to equity ownership, or some other way?); 7) governance and control; 8) Talent/HR model (will the Jv have its own staff on own payroll vs. second staff from the parent companies; 9) contractual arrangements with the parent companies for inputs, outputs or services; 10) exit and evolution provisions?

text: joint

text: venture

text: JV

text: is

text: business

text: entity

text: created

text: by

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: parties

text: generally

text: characterized

text: by

text: shared

text: ownership

text: shared

text: returns

text: and

text: risks

text: and

text: shared

text: governance

text: Most

text: joint

text: ventures

text: are

text: incorporated

text: although

text: some

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: industry

text: are

text: unincorporated

text: joint

text: ventures

text: that

text: mimic

text: corporate

text: entity

text: Key

text: elements

text: of

text: joint

text: venture

text: 's

text: design

text: include

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: parties

text: the

text: geographic

text: product

text: technology

text: and

text: value

text: chain

text: scope

text: within

text: which

text: the

text: JV

text: will

text: operate

text: the

text: contributions

text: of

text: the

text: parties

text: the

text: structural

text: form

text: each

text: country

text: has

text: specific

text: options

text: e.g.

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: the

text: main

text: options

text: are

text: Corporation

text: or

text: an

text: LLC

text: partnership

text: structure

text: the

text: valuation

text: of

text: initial

text: contributions

text: and

text: ownership

text: split

text: among

text: the

text: parties

text: the

text: economic

text: arrangements

text: post

text: deal

text: e.g.

text: Is

text: the

text: joint

text: venture

text: intended

text: to

text: general

text: profits

text: vs.

text: operate

text: as

text: cost

text: sharing

text: or

text: production

text: sharing

text: venture

text: if

text: for

text: profit

text: entity

text: will

text: the

text: parties

text: share

text: profits

text: in

text: proportion

text: to

text: equity

text: ownership

text: or

text: some

text: other

text: way

text: governance

text: and

text: control

text: Talent

text: HR

text: model

text: will

text: the

text: Jv

text: have

text: its

text: own

text: staff

text: on

text: own

text: payroll

text: vs.

text: second

text: staff

text: from

text: the

text: parent

text: companies

text: contractual

text: arrangements

text: with

text: the

text: parent

text: companies

text: for

text: inputs

text: outputs

text: or

text: services

text: exit

text: and

text: evolution

text: provisions

text: Roy Oliver Disney (June 24, 1893  December 20, 1971) was an American businessman, becoming the partner and co-founder, along with his younger brother Walt Disney, of Walt Disney Productions, since renamed The Walt Disney Company.

text: Roy

text: Oliver

text: Disney

text: June

text: December

text: was

text: an

text: American

text: businessman

text: becoming

text: the

text: partner

text: and

text: co

text: founder

text: along

text: with

text: his

text: younger

text: brother

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: of

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Productions

text: since

text: renamed

text: The

text: Walt

text: Disney

text: Company

text: California

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: extensive

text: by

text: area

text: Located

text: on

text: the

text: western

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: California

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: other

text: U.S.

text: states

text: of

text: Oregon

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Arizona

text: and

text: shares

text: an

text: international

text: border

text: with

text: the

text: Mexican

text: state

text: of

text: Baja

text: California

text: The

text: state

text: capital

text: is

text: Sacramento

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: is

text: California

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: county

text: by

text: area

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: County

question: headquarters_location americast

answer: los angeles

text: los angeles

text: los angeles

text: los angeles

text: los angeles