text:
The Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP), is a not-for-profit organization meant to help healthcare organizations maintain their standards in patient care and comply with regulations and the healthcare environment. Headquartered in Chicago, HFAP is an accreditation organization with authority from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
HFAP provides accreditation programs for hospitals, clinical laboratories, ambulatory surgical centers, office based surgery, and critical access hospitals. HFAP also accredits mental health and physical rehabilitation facilities and provides certification for primary stroke centers. HFAP is a program of the American Osteopathic Association, a medical organization representing osteopathic physicians.

text: The

text: Healthcare

text: Facilities

text: Accreditation

text: Program

text: HFAP

text: is

text: not

text: for

text: profit

text: organization

text: meant

text: to

text: help

text: healthcare

text: organizations

text: maintain

text: their

text: standards

text: in

text: patient

text: care

text: and

text: comply

text: with

text: regulations

text: and

text: the

text: healthcare

text: environment

text: Headquartered

text: in

text: Chicago

text: HFAP

text: is

text: an

text: accreditation

text: organization

text: with

text: authority

text: from

text: Centers

text: for

text: Medicare

text: and

text: Medicaid

text: Services

text: HFAP

text: provides

text: accreditation

text: programs

text: for

text: hospitals

text: clinical

text: laboratories

text: ambulatory

text: surgical

text: centers

text: office

text: based

text: surgery

text: and

text: critical

text: access

text: hospitals

text: HFAP

text: also

text: accredits

text: mental

text: health

text: and

text: physical

text: rehabilitation

text: facilities

text: and

text: provides

text: certification

text: for

text: primary

text: stroke

text: centers

text: HFAP

text: is

text: program

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Osteopathic

text: Association

text: medical

text: organization

text: representing

text: osteopathic

text: physicians

text: Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) is a professional doctoral degree for physicians and surgeons offered by medical schools in the United States. A D.O. degree graduate may become licensed as an osteopathic physician, having equivalent rights, privileges, and responsibilities as a physician who has earned the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree. D.O. physicians are licensed to practice the full scope of medicine and surgery in sixty five countries, and all fifty states in the US. D.O. physicians constitute seven percent of all U.S. physicians. In 2015, there were more than 96,000 osteopathic medical physicians in the United States.

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Osteopathic

text: Medicine

text: D.O.

text: is

text: professional

text: doctoral

text: degree

text: for

text: physicians

text: and

text: surgeons

text: offered

text: by

text: medical

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: D.O.

text: degree

text: graduate

text: may

text: become

text: licensed

text: as

text: an

text: osteopathic

text: physician

text: having

text: equivalent

text: rights

text: privileges

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: as

text: physician

text: who

text: has

text: earned

text: the

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Medicine

text: M.D.

text: degree

text: D.O.

text: physicians

text: are

text: licensed

text: to

text: practice

text: the

text: full

text: scope

text: of

text: medicine

text: and

text: surgery

text: in

text: sixty

text: five

text: countries

text: and

text: all

text: fifty

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: D.O.

text: physicians

text: constitute

text: seven

text: percent

text: of

text: all

text: U.S.

text: physicians

text: In

text: there

text: were

text: more

text: than

text: osteopathic

text: medical

text: physicians

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The American Osteopathic Association 's ( AOA ) Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation ( COCA ) accredits medical schools granting the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine ( DO ) degree in the United States . The US Department of Education lists the Commission as a recognized accreditor .

text: The

text: American

text: Osteopathic

text: Association

text: 's

text: AOA

text: Commission

text: on

text: Osteopathic

text: College

text: Accreditation

text: COCA

text: accredits

text: medical

text: schools

text: granting

text: the

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Osteopathic

text: Medicine

text: DO

text: degree

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: US

text: Department

text: of

text: Education

text: lists

text: the

text: Commission

text: as

text: recognized

text: accreditor

text: The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) is the representative member organization for the more than 123,000 osteopathic medical doctors (D.O.s) and osteopathic medical students in the United States. The AOA is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, and is involved in post-graduate training for osteopathic physicians. Beginning in 2015, it will begin accrediting post-graduate education as a committee within ACGME, creating a unified accreditation system for all DOs and MDs in the United States. The organization promotes public health, encourages academic scientific research, serves as the primary certifying body for D.O.s overseeing 18 certifying boards, is the accrediting agency for osteopathic medical schools through its Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation, and has federal authority to accredit hospitals and other health care facilities, through its program, the Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program.

text: The

text: American

text: Osteopathic

text: Association

text: AOA

text: is

text: the

text: representative

text: member

text: organization

text: for

text: the

text: more

text: than

text: osteopathic

text: medical

text: doctors

text: D.O.s

text: and

text: osteopathic

text: medical

text: students

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: AOA

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: and

text: is

text: involved

text: in

text: post

text: graduate

text: training

text: for

text: osteopathic

text: physicians

text: Beginning

text: in

text: it

text: will

text: begin

text: accrediting

text: post

text: graduate

text: education

text: as

text: committee

text: within

text: ACGME

text: creating

text: unified

text: accreditation

text: system

text: for

text: all

text: DOs

text: and

text: MDs

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: organization

text: promotes

text: public

text: health

text: encourages

text: academic

text: scientific

text: research

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: primary

text: certifying

text: body

text: for

text: D.O.s

text: overseeing

text: certifying

text: boards

text: is

text: the

text: accrediting

text: agency

text: for

text: osteopathic

text: medical

text: schools

text: through

text: its

text: Commission

text: on

text: Osteopathic

text: College

text: Accreditation

text: and

text: has

text: federal

text: authority

text: to

text: accredit

text: hospitals

text: and

text: other

text: health

text: care

text: facilities

text: through

text: its

text: program

text: the

text: Healthcare

text: Facilities

text: Accreditation

text: Program

text: The Doctor of Medicine (meaning "teacher of medicine," abbreviated M.D.) is a terminal medical degree for practitioners of medicine. The meaning of the degree varies between different countries. In countries that follow the United States system, the M.D. denotes a first professional graduate degree awarded upon initial graduation from medical school. In countries that follow the tradition of the United Kingdom, the M.D. denotes a research doctorate, higher doctorate, honorary doctorate or advanced clinical coursework degree restricted to medical graduates. In those countries, the title of the equivalent first professional degree is Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.

text: The

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Medicine

text: meaning

text: teacher

text: of

text: medicine

text: abbreviated

text: M.D.

text: is

text: terminal

text: medical

text: degree

text: for

text: practitioners

text: of

text: medicine

text: The

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: degree

text: varies

text: between

text: different

text: countries

text: In

text: countries

text: that

text: follow

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: system

text: the

text: M.D.

text: denotes

text: first

text: professional

text: graduate

text: degree

text: awarded

text: upon

text: initial

text: graduation

text: from

text: medical

text: school

text: In

text: countries

text: that

text: follow

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: the

text: M.D.

text: denotes

text: research

text: doctorate

text: higher

text: doctorate

text: honorary

text: doctorate

text: or

text: advanced

text: clinical

text: coursework

text: degree

text: restricted

text: to

text: medical

text: graduates

text: In

text: those

text: countries

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: equivalent

text: first

text: professional

text: degree

text: is

text: Bachelor

text: of

text: Medicine

text: Bachelor

text: of

text: Surgery

text: Surgery (from the "cheirourgik" (composed of , "hand", and , "work"), via , meaning "hand work") is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance or to repair unwanted ruptured areas (for example, a perforated ear drum).

text: Surgery

text: from

text: the

text: cheirourgik

text: composed

text: of

text: hand

text: and

text: work

text: via

text: meaning

text: hand

text: work

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: medical

text: specialty

text: that

text: uses

text: operative

text: manual

text: and

text: instrumental

text: techniques

text: on

text: patient

text: to

text: investigate

text: and/or

text: treat

text: pathological

text: condition

text: such

text: as

text: disease

text: or

text: injury

text: to

text: help

text: improve

text: bodily

text: function

text: or

text: appearance

text: or

text: to

text: repair

text: unwanted

text: ruptured

text: areas

text: for

text: example

text: perforated

text: ear

text: drum

text: A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor or simply doctor is a professional who practises medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining, or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients and methods of treatmentknown as specialitiesor they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communitiesknown as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines (such as anatomy and physiology) underlying diseases and their treatmentthe "science" of medicineand also a decent competence in its applied practicethe art or "craft" of medicine.

text: physician

text: medical

text: practitioner

text: medical

text: doctor

text: or

text: simply

text: doctor

text: is

text: professional

text: who

text: practises

text: medicine

text: which

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: promoting

text: maintaining

text: or

text: restoring

text: health

text: through

text: the

text: study

text: diagnosis

text: and

text: treatment

text: of

text: disease

text: injury

text: and

text: other

text: physical

text: and

text: mental

text: impairments

text: Physicians

text: may

text: focus

text: their

text: practice

text: on

text: certain

text: disease

text: categories

text: types

text: of

text: patients

text: and

text: methods

text: of

text: treatmentknown

text: as

text: specialitiesor

text: they

text: may

text: assume

text: responsibility

text: for

text: the

text: provision

text: of

text: continuing

text: and

text: comprehensive

text: medical

text: care

text: to

text: individuals

text: families

text: and

text: communitiesknown

text: as

text: general

text: practice

text: Medical

text: practice

text: properly

text: requires

text: both

text: detailed

text: knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: academic

text: disciplines

text: such

text: as

text: anatomy

text: and

text: physiology

text: underlying

text: diseases

text: and

text: their

text: treatmentthe

text: science

text: of

text: medicineand

text: also

text: decent

text: competence

text: in

text: its

text: applied

text: practicethe

text: art

text: or

text: craft

text: of

text: medicine

text: Medicine (British English ; American English ) is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. The word "medicine" is derived from Latin "medicus", meaning "a physician". Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness. Contemporary medicine applies biomedical sciences, biomedical research, genetics, and medical technology to diagnose, treat, and prevent injury and disease, typically through pharmaceuticals or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints and traction, medical devices, biologics, and ionizing radiation, amongst others.

text: Medicine

text: British

text: English

text: American

text: English

text: is

text: the

text: science

text: and

text: practice

text: of

text: the

text: diagnosis

text: treatment

text: and

text: prevention

text: of

text: disease

text: The

text: word

text: medicine

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: Latin

text: medicus

text: meaning

text: physician

text: Medicine

text: encompasses

text: variety

text: of

text: health

text: care

text: practices

text: evolved

text: to

text: maintain

text: and

text: restore

text: health

text: by

text: the

text: prevention

text: and

text: treatment

text: of

text: illness

text: Contemporary

text: medicine

text: applies

text: biomedical

text: sciences

text: biomedical

text: research

text: genetics

text: and

text: medical

text: technology

text: to

text: diagnose

text: treat

text: and

text: prevent

text: injury

text: and

text: disease

text: typically

text: through

text: pharmaceuticals

text: or

text: surgery

text: but

text: also

text: through

text: therapies

text: as

text: diverse

text: as

text: psychotherapy

text: external

text: splints

text: and

text: traction

text: medical

text: devices

text: biologics

text: and

text: ionizing

text: radiation

text: amongst

text: others

question: instance_of commission on osteopathic college accreditation

answer: organization

text: organization

text: organization

text: organization

text: organization

text: organization


text: A radio personality (American English) or radio presenter (British English) is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality that hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host, and in India and Pakistan as a radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduced and played individual selections of recorded music were originally known as disc jockeys before the term evolved to describe a person who mixes a continuous flow of recorded music in real time. Broadcast radio personalities may include Talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and Satellite radio program hosts. Notable radio personalities include pop music radio hosts Martin Block, Alan Freed, Dick Clark, Wolfman Jack, and Casey Kasem, shock jock's such as Don Imus and Howard Stern, as well as sports talk hosts such as Mike Francesa and political talk hosts such as Rush Limbaugh.

text: radio

text: personality

text: American

text: English

text: or

text: radio

text: presenter

text: British

text: English

text: is

text: person

text: who

text: has

text: an

text: on

text: air

text: position

text: in

text: radio

text: broadcasting

text: radio

text: personality

text: that

text: hosts

text: radio

text: show

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: radio

text: host

text: and

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: as

text: radio

text: jockey

text: Radio

text: personalities

text: who

text: introduced

text: and

text: played

text: individual

text: selections

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: were

text: originally

text: known

text: as

text: disc

text: jockeys

text: before

text: the

text: term

text: evolved

text: to

text: describe

text: person

text: who

text: mixes

text: continuous

text: flow

text: of

text: recorded

text: music

text: in

text: real

text: time

text: Broadcast

text: radio

text: personalities

text: may

text: include

text: Talk

text: radio

text: hosts

text: AM

text: FM

text: radio

text: show

text: hosts

text: and

text: Satellite

text: radio

text: program

text: hosts

text: Notable

text: radio

text: personalities

text: include

text: pop

text: music

text: radio

text: hosts

text: Martin

text: Block

text: Alan

text: Freed

text: Dick

text: Clark

text: Wolfman

text: Jack

text: and

text: Casey

text: Kasem

text: shock

text: jock

text: 's

text: such

text: as

text: Don

text: Imus

text: and

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: sports

text: talk

text: hosts

text: such

text: as

text: Mike

text: Francesa

text: and

text: political

text: talk

text: hosts

text: such

text: as

text: Rush

text: Limbaugh

text: Jon Hein (born November 24, 1967) is an American radio personality and former webmaster. He created the website jumptheshark.com and works for "The Howard Stern Show". Hein is an alumnus of the University of Michigan where he appeared in the sketch comedy troupe Comedy Company with Jon Glaser. The two also were a part of the comedy troupe Just Kidding.

text: Jon

text: Hein

text: born

text: November

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: radio

text: personality

text: and

text: former

text: webmaster

text: He

text: created

text: the

text: website

text: jumptheshark.com

text: and

text: works

text: for

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: Hein

text: is

text: an

text: alumnus

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: where

text: he

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: sketch

text: comedy

text: troupe

text: Comedy

text: Company

text: with

text: Jon

text: Glaser

text: The

text: two

text: also

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: comedy

text: troupe

text: Just

text: Kidding

text: The Howard Stern Show is an American talk radio show hosted by Howard Stern. It gained wide recognition when it was nationally syndicated on terrestrial radio from 1986 to 2005. The show has been exclusive to Sirius XM Radio, a subscription-based satellite radio service, since 2006. Other prominent staff members include co-host and news anchor Robin Quivers, writer Fred Norris, and executive producer Gary Dell'Abate.

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: talk

text: radio

text: show

text: hosted

text: by

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: It

text: gained

text: wide

text: recognition

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: nationally

text: syndicated

text: on

text: terrestrial

text: radio

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: show

text: has

text: been

text: exclusive

text: to

text: Sirius

text: XM

text: Radio

text: subscription

text: based

text: satellite

text: radio

text: service

text: since

text: Other

text: prominent

text: staff

text: members

text: include

text: co

text: host

text: and

text: news

text: anchor

text: Robin

text: Quivers

text: writer

text: Fred

text: Norris

text: and

text: executive

text: producer

text: Gary

text: Dell'Abate

text: Robin Ophelia Quivers (born August 8, 1952) is an American radio personality, author, and actress, best known for being the long-running news anchor and co-host of "The Howard Stern Show".

text: Robin

text: Ophelia

text: Quivers

text: born

text: August

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: radio

text: personality

text: author

text: and

text: actress

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: long

text: running

text: news

text: anchor

text: and

text: co

text: host

text: of

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: The Howard Stern Wrap - Up Show ( commonly just called The Wrap - Up Show ) is a radio show that follows the The Howard Stern Show on Howard 100 , an uncensored channel on Sirius XM Radio . Hosted by Jon Hein with appearances by Gary Dell'Abate , the show listeners to call in to discuss the day 's show events , topics and discussions , along with featuring various guests each broadcast . Because The Howard Stern Show is contractually bound to broadcast a minimum of four hours on Sirius XM , there is no set time when the show ends , or effectively when The Howard Stern Wrap - Up Show begins . Regardless , The Howard Stern Wrap - Up Show always follows the main show and broadcasts for about an hour . Prior to 2015 , The Howard Stern Wrap - Up Show was open for all show staff members to discuss topics along with Hein and Dell'Abate ; however , the show now only features the hosts and daily guest discussing The Howard Stern Show and each guest 's respective promotions .

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Wrap

text: Up

text: Show

text: commonly

text: just

text: called

text: The

text: Wrap

text: Up

text: Show

text: is

text: radio

text: show

text: that

text: follows

text: the

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: on

text: Howard

text: an

text: uncensored

text: channel

text: on

text: Sirius

text: XM

text: Radio

text: Hosted

text: by

text: Jon

text: Hein

text: with

text: appearances

text: by

text: Gary

text: Dell'Abate

text: the

text: show

text: listeners

text: to

text: call

text: in

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: day

text: 's

text: show

text: events

text: topics

text: and

text: discussions

text: along

text: with

text: featuring

text: various

text: guests

text: each

text: broadcast

text: Because

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: is

text: contractually

text: bound

text: to

text: broadcast

text: minimum

text: of

text: four

text: hours

text: on

text: Sirius

text: XM

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: set

text: time

text: when

text: the

text: show

text: ends

text: or

text: effectively

text: when

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Wrap

text: Up

text: Show

text: begins

text: Regardless

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Wrap

text: Up

text: Show

text: always

text: follows

text: the

text: main

text: show

text: and

text: broadcasts

text: for

text: about

text: an

text: hour

text: Prior

text: to

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Wrap

text: Up

text: Show

text: was

text: open

text: for

text: all

text: show

text: staff

text: members

text: to

text: discuss

text: topics

text: along

text: with

text: Hein

text: and

text: Dell'Abate

text: however

text: the

text: show

text: now

text: only

text: features

text: the

text: hosts

text: and

text: daily

text: guest

text: discussing

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: and

text: each

text: guest

text: 's

text: respective

text: promotions

text: Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word "mishigamaa", meaning "large water" or "large lake". Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area (the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River). Its capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit.

text: Michigan

text: is

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Lakes

text: and

text: Midwestern

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: name

text: Michigan

text: is

text: the

text: French

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Ojibwa

text: word

text: mishigamaa

text: meaning

text: large

text: water

text: or

text: large

text: lake

text: Michigan

text: is

text: the

text: tenth

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: extensive

text: total

text: area

text: the

text: largest

text: state

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Lansing

text: and

text: its

text: largest

text: city

text: is

text: Detroit

text: The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: often

text: called

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: or

text: simply

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: population

text: of

text: distributed

text: over

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: just

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Located

text: at

text: the

text: southern

text: tip

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomerations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: global

text: power

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: exerts

text: significant

text: impact

text: upon

text: commerce

text: finance

text: media

text: art

text: fashion

text: research

text: technology

text: education

text: and

text: entertainment

text: its

text: fast

text: pace

text: defining

text: the

text: term

text: New

text: York

text: minute

text: Home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: for

text: international

text: diplomacy

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: financial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United StatesCanada border. It is the seat of Wayne County, the most populous county in the state.

text: Detroit

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: Michigan

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Midwest

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: United

text: StatesCanada

text: border

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: Wayne

text: County

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: Howard Allan Stern (born January 12, 1954) is an American radio and television personality, producer, author, actor, and photographer. He is best known for his radio show "The Howard Stern Show", which gained popularity when it was nationally syndicated on terrestrial radio from 1986 to 2005. Stern has broadcast on Sirius XM Radio since 2006. Stern first wished to be on the radio at five years of age. He landed his first radio jobs while at Boston University. From 1976 to 1982, Stern developed his on-air personality through morning positions at WRNW in Briarcliff Manor, New York, WCCC in Hartford, Connecticut, WWWW in Detroit, Michigan, and WWDC in Washington, D.C. Stern worked afternoons at WNBC in New York City from 1982 until his firing in 1985.

text: Howard

text: Allan

text: Stern

text: born

text: January

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: personality

text: producer

text: author

text: actor

text: and

text: photographer

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: radio

text: show

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: which

text: gained

text: popularity

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: nationally

text: syndicated

text: on

text: terrestrial

text: radio

text: from

text: to

text: Stern

text: has

text: broadcast

text: on

text: Sirius

text: XM

text: Radio

text: since

text: Stern

text: first

text: wished

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: radio

text: at

text: five

text: years

text: of

text: age

text: He

text: landed

text: his

text: first

text: radio

text: jobs

text: while

text: at

text: Boston

text: University

text: From

text: to

text: Stern

text: developed

text: his

text: on

text: air

text: personality

text: through

text: morning

text: positions

text: at

text: WRNW

text: in

text: Briarcliff

text: Manor

text: New

text: York

text: WCCC

text: in

text: Hartford

text: Connecticut

text: WWWW

text: in

text: Detroit

text: Michigan

text: and

text: WWDC

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: Stern

text: worked

text: afternoons

text: at

text: WNBC

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: from

text: until

text: his

text: firing

text: in

text: Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State Area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named for the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word "Connecticut" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for "long tidal river".

text: Connecticut

text: is

text: the

text: southernmost

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: England

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: northeastern

text: United

text: States

text: Connecticut

text: is

text: also

text: often

text: grouped

text: along

text: with

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: New

text: Jersey

text: as

text: the

text: Tri

text: State

text: Area

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Massachusetts

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Long

text: Island

text: Sound

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Its

text: capital

text: city

text: is

text: Hartford

text: and

text: its

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: is

text: Bridgeport

text: The

text: state

text: is

text: named

text: for

text: the

text: Connecticut

text: River

text: major

text: U.S.

text: river

text: that

text: approximately

text: bisects

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: word

text: Connecticut

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: various

text: anglicized

text: spellings

text: of

text: an

text: Algonquian

text: word

text: for

text: long

text: tidal

text: river

text: Sketch comedy comprises a series of short comedy scenes or vignettes, called "sketches", commonly between one and ten minutes long. Such sketches are performed by a group of comic actors or comedians, either on stage or through an audio or visual medium such as radio and television. Often sketches are first improvised by the actors and written down based on the outcome of these improv sessions; however, such improvisation is not necessarily involved in sketch comedy.

text: Sketch

text: comedy

text: comprises

text: series

text: of

text: short

text: comedy

text: scenes

text: or

text: vignettes

text: called

text: sketches

text: commonly

text: between

text: one

text: and

text: ten

text: minutes

text: long

text: Such

text: sketches

text: are

text: performed

text: by

text: group

text: of

text: comic

text: actors

text: or

text: comedians

text: either

text: on

text: stage

text: or

text: through

text: an

text: audio

text: or

text: visual

text: medium

text: such

text: as

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: Often

text: sketches

text: are

text: first

text: improvised

text: by

text: the

text: actors

text: and

text: written

text: down

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: these

text: improv

text: sessions

text: however

text: such

text: improvisation

text: is

text: not

text: necessarily

text: involved

text: in

text: sketch

text: comedy

text: Jonathan Daniel "Jon" Glaser (born June 20, 1968) is an American actor, comedian, writer, producer, and director. He is best known for his work as a writer and sketch performer for many years on "Late Night with Conan O'Brien", creating and starring in the Adult Swim series "Delocated" and "Neon Joe, Werewolf Hunter" as well as the truTV series "Jon Glaser Loves Gear".

text: Jonathan

text: Daniel

text: Jon

text: Glaser

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: actor

text: comedian

text: writer

text: producer

text: and

text: director

text: He

text: is

text: best

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: as

text: writer

text: and

text: sketch

text: performer

text: for

text: many

text: years

text: on

text: Late

text: Night

text: with

text: Conan

text: O'Brien

text: creating

text: and

text: starring

text: in

text: the

text: Adult

text: Swim

text: series

text: Delocated

text: and

text: Neon

text: Joe

text: Werewolf

text: Hunter

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: truTV

text: series

text: Jon

text: Glaser

text: Loves

text: Gear

text: Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as "Washington", "the District", or simply "D.C.", is the capital of the United States.

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: formally

text: the

text: District

text: of

text: Columbia

text: and

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Washington

text: the

text: District

text: or

text: simply

text: D.C.

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Eric Fred Norris (born Fred Leo Nukis; July 9, 1955) is an American radio personality and the longest-tenured staff member of "The Howard Stern Show", aside from Stern himself. He first met Howard Stern while working at WCCC-FM, a radio station in Hartford, Connecticut.

text: Eric

text: Fred

text: Norris

text: born

text: Fred

text: Leo

text: Nukis

text: July

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: radio

text: personality

text: and

text: the

text: longest

text: tenured

text: staff

text: member

text: of

text: The

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: Show

text: aside

text: from

text: Stern

text: himself

text: He

text: first

text: met

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: while

text: working

text: at

text: WCCC

text: FM

text: radio

text: station

text: in

text: Hartford

text: Connecticut

text: Boston University (most commonly referred to as BU or otherwise known as Boston U.) is a private research university located in Boston, Massachusetts. The university is nonsectarian, and is historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church.

text: Boston

text: University

text: most

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: BU

text: or

text: otherwise

text: known

text: as

text: Boston

text: is

text: private

text: research

text: university

text: located

text: in

text: Boston

text: Massachusetts

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: nonsectarian

text: and

text: is

text: historically

text: affiliated

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: Methodist

text: Church

text: A webmaster (from web and master), also called a web architect, web developer, site author, website administrator, website coordinator, or website publisher is a person responsible for maintaining one or many websites. The duties of the webmaster may include: ensuring that the web servers, hardware and software are operating correctly, designing the website, generating and revising web pages, A/B testing, replying to user comments, and examining traffic through the site. Webmasters of commercial websites may also need to be familiar with ecommerce software.

text: webmaster

text: from

text: web

text: and

text: master

text: also

text: called

text: web

text: architect

text: web

text: developer

text: site

text: author

text: website

text: administrator

text: website

text: coordinator

text: or

text: website

text: publisher

text: is

text: person

text: responsible

text: for

text: maintaining

text: one

text: or

text: many

text: websites

text: The

text: duties

text: of

text: the

text: webmaster

text: may

text: include

text: ensuring

text: that

text: the

text: web

text: servers

text: hardware

text: and

text: software

text: are

text: operating

text: correctly

text: designing

text: the

text: website

text: generating

text: and

text: revising

text: web

text: pages

text: testing

text: replying

text: to

text: user

text: comments

text: and

text: examining

text: traffic

text: through

text: the

text: site

text: Webmasters

text: of

text: commercial

text: websites

text: may

text: also

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: familiar

text: with

text: ecommerce

text: software

text: The University of Michigan (U-M, UM, UMich, or U of M), frequently referred to simply as "Michigan," is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817 in Detroit as the "Catholepistemiad", or University of Michigania, 20 years before the Michigan Territory became a state, the University of Michigan is the state's oldest university. In 1821, the university was officially renamed the University of Michigan. It moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 onto of what is now known as Central Campus. Since its establishment in Ann Arbor, the university campus has expanded to include more than 584 major buildings with a combined area of more than spread out over a Central Campus and North Campus, two satellite campuses in Flint and Dearborn, and a Center in Detroit. The University was a founding member of the Association of American Universities.

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: UM

text: UMich

text: or

text: of

text: frequently

text: referred

text: to

text: simply

text: as

text: Michigan

text: is

text: public

text: research

text: university

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Michigan

text: United

text: States

text: Founded

text: in

text: in

text: Detroit

text: as

text: the

text: Catholepistemiad

text: or

text: University

text: of

text: Michigania

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: Michigan

text: Territory

text: became

text: state

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: oldest

text: university

text: In

text: the

text: university

text: was

text: officially

text: renamed

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: It

text: moved

text: to

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: in

text: onto

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Central

text: Campus

text: Since

text: its

text: establishment

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: the

text: university

text: campus

text: has

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: more

text: than

text: major

text: buildings

text: with

text: combined

text: area

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: spread

text: out

text: over

text: Central

text: Campus

text: and

text: North

text: Campus

text: two

text: satellite

text: campuses

text: in

text: Flint

text: and

text: Dearborn

text: and

text: Center

text: in

text: Detroit

text: The

text: University

text: was

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: American

text: Universities

text: Satellite radio is  according to "article 1.39" of the International Telecommunication Unions (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR)  a "Broadcasting-satellite service".

text: Satellite

text: radio

text: is

text: according

text: to

text: article

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Telecommunication

text: Unions

text: ITU

text: ITU

text: Radio

text: Regulations

text: RR

text: Broadcasting

text: satellite

text: service

annotations: follows single

question: instance_of the wrap-up show

answer: radio program

text: radio program


text: Valladolid (or ) is a city in Spain and the "de facto" capital of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It has a population of 309,714 people (2013 est.), making it Spain's 13th most populous municipality and northwestern Spain's biggest city. Its metropolitan area ranks 20th in Spain with a population of 414,244 people in 23 municipalities.

text: Valladolid

text: or

text: is

text: city

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: autonomous

text: community

text: of

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: It

text: has

text: population

text: of

text: people

text: est

text: making

text: it

text: Spain

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: municipality

text: and

text: northwestern

text: Spain

text: 's

text: biggest

text: city

text: Its

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: ranks

text: in

text: Spain

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: people

text: in

text: municipalities

text: Nationalism is a complex, multidimensional concept involving a shared communal identification with one's nation. It is a political ideology oriented towards gaining and maintaining self-governance, or full sovereignty, over a territory of historical significance to the group (such as its homeland). Nationalism therefore holds that a nation should govern itself, free from unwanted outside interference, and is linked to the concept of self-determination. Nationalism is further oriented towards developing and maintaining a national identity based on shared characteristics such as culture, language, religion, political goals and/or a belief in a common ancestry. Nationalism therefore seeks to preserve the nation's culture. It often also involves a sense of pride in the nation's achievements, and is closely linked to the concept of patriotism. In these terms, nationalism can be positive or negative.

text: Nationalism

text: is

text: complex

text: multidimensional

text: concept

text: involving

text: shared

text: communal

text: identification

text: with

text: one

text: 's

text: nation

text: It

text: is

text: political

text: ideology

text: oriented

text: towards

text: gaining

text: and

text: maintaining

text: self

text: governance

text: or

text: full

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: territory

text: of

text: historical

text: significance

text: to

text: the

text: group

text: such

text: as

text: its

text: homeland

text: Nationalism

text: therefore

text: holds

text: that

text: nation

text: should

text: govern

text: itself

text: free

text: from

text: unwanted

text: outside

text: interference

text: and

text: is

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: self

text: determination

text: Nationalism

text: is

text: further

text: oriented

text: towards

text: developing

text: and

text: maintaining

text: national

text: identity

text: based

text: on

text: shared

text: characteristics

text: such

text: as

text: culture

text: language

text: religion

text: political

text: goals

text: and/or

text: belief

text: in

text: common

text: ancestry

text: Nationalism

text: therefore

text: seeks

text: to

text: preserve

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: culture

text: It

text: often

text: also

text: involves

text: sense

text: of

text: pride

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: achievements

text: and

text: is

text: closely

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: patriotism

text: In

text: these

text: terms

text: nationalism

text: can

text: be

text: positive

text: or

text: negative

text: Cantabria is a Spanish historical community and autonomous community with Santander as its capital city. It is bordered on the east by the Basque Autonomous Community (province of Biscay), on the south by Castile and León (provinces of León, Palencia and Burgos), on the west by the Principality of Asturias, and on the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay).

text: Cantabria

text: is

text: Spanish

text: historical

text: community

text: and

text: autonomous

text: community

text: with

text: Santander

text: as

text: its

text: capital

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Basque

text: Autonomous

text: Community

text: province

text: of

text: Biscay

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: provinces

text: of

text: León

text: Palencia

text: and

text: Burgos

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Asturias

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: Sea

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: The Spanish Empire was one of the largest empires in history. It reached the peak of its military, political and economic power under the Spanish Habsburgs, through most of the 16th and 17th centuries, and its greatest territorial extent under the House of Bourbon in the 18th century, when it was the largest empire in the world. The Spanish Empire became the foremost global power of its time and was the first to be called "the empire on which the sun never sets".

text: The

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: empires

text: in

text: history

text: It

text: reached

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: military

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: power

text: under

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Habsburgs

text: through

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: and

text: its

text: greatest

text: territorial

text: extent

text: under

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Bourbon

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: became

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: of

text: its

text: time

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: be

text: called

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: The Treaty of Amiens temporarily ended hostilities between the French Republic and Great Britain during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was signed in the city of Amiens on 25 March 1802 (Germinal 4, year X, in the French Revolutionary calendar), by Joseph Bonaparte and the Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace". The consequent Peace of Amiens lasted only one year (18 May 1803) and engendered the only period of general peace in Europe between 1793 and 1814. Under the treaty, Britain recognised the French Republic; the British parliament had dropped England's historical claim to the now-defunct French Kingdom only two years previously. Together with the Treaty of Lunéville (1801), the Treaty of Amiens marked the end of the Second Coalition, which had waged war against Revolutionary France since 1798.

text: The

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Amiens

text: temporarily

text: ended

text: hostilities

text: between

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: and

text: Great

text: Britain

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: It

text: was

text: signed

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Amiens

text: on

text: March

text: Germinal

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: French

text: Revolutionary

text: calendar

text: by

text: Joseph

text: Bonaparte

text: and

text: the

text: Marquess

text: Cornwallis

text: as

text: Definitive

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Peace

text: The

text: consequent

text: Peace

text: of

text: Amiens

text: lasted

text: only

text: one

text: year

text: May

text: and

text: engendered

text: the

text: only

text: period

text: of

text: general

text: peace

text: in

text: Europe

text: between

text: and

text: Under

text: the

text: treaty

text: Britain

text: recognised

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: the

text: British

text: parliament

text: had

text: dropped

text: England

text: 's

text: historical

text: claim

text: to

text: the

text: now

text: defunct

text: French

text: Kingdom

text: only

text: two

text: years

text: previously

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Lunéville

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Amiens

text: marked

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Coalition

text: which

text: had

text: waged

text: war

text: against

text: Revolutionary

text: France

text: since

text:
The Cantabrian Mountains or Cantabrian Range are one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
They stretch for over 300 km (180 miles) across northern Spain, from the western limit of the Pyrenees to the Galician Massif in Galicia, along the coast of the Cantabrian Sea. Their easternmost end meets the Sistema Ibérico.

text: The

text: Cantabrian

text: Mountains

text: or

text: Cantabrian

text: Range

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: systems

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: in

text: Spain

text: They

text: stretch

text: for

text: over

text: km

text: miles

text: across

text: northern

text: Spain

text: from

text: the

text: western

text: limit

text: of

text: the

text: Pyrenees

text: to

text: the

text: Galician

text: Massif

text: in

text: Galicia

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: Sea

text: Their

text: easternmost

text: end

text: meets

text: the

text: Sistema

text: Ibérico

text: The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European powers formed into various coalitions, primarily led and financed by the United Kingdom. The wars resulted from the unresolved disputes associated with the French Revolution and the Revolutionary Wars, which had raged on for years before concluding with the Treaty of Amiens in 1802. The resumption of hostilities the following year paved the way for more than a decade of constant warfare often categorized into five conflicts: the War of the Third Coalition (1805), the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806-7), the War of the Fifth Coalition (1809), the War of the Sixth Coalition (1813), and the War of the Seventh Coalition (1815). The Napoleonic Wars had profound consequences for global and European history, leading to the spread of nationalism and liberalism, the rise of the British Empire as the world's premier power, the independence movements in Latin America and the collapse of the Spanish Empire, the fundamental reorganization of German and Italian territories into larger states, and the establishment of radically new methods in warfare.

text: The

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: were

text: series

text: of

text: major

text: conflicts

text: pitting

text: the

text: French

text: Empire

text: and

text: its

text: allies

text: led

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: against

text: fluctuating

text: array

text: of

text: European

text: powers

text: formed

text: into

text: various

text: coalitions

text: primarily

text: led

text: and

text: financed

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: The

text: wars

text: resulted

text: from

text: the

text: unresolved

text: disputes

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: and

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: which

text: had

text: raged

text: on

text: for

text: years

text: before

text: concluding

text: with

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Amiens

text: in

text: The

text: resumption

text: of

text: hostilities

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: decade

text: of

text: constant

text: warfare

text: often

text: categorized

text: into

text: five

text: conflicts

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Coalition

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Sixth

text: Coalition

text: and

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Seventh

text: Coalition

text: The

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: had

text: profound

text: consequences

text: for

text: global

text: and

text: European

text: history

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: nationalism

text: and

text: liberalism

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: premier

text: power

text: the

text: independence

text: movements

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: the

text: fundamental

text: reorganization

text: of

text: German

text: and

text: Italian

text: territories

text: into

text: larger

text: states

text: and

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: radically

text: new

text: methods

text: in

text: warfare

text: Second in Command is a 2006 American action film starring Jean-Claude Van Damme and directed by Simon Fellows. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on May 2, 2006.

text: Second

text: in

text: Command

text: is

text: American

text: action

text: film

text: starring

text: Jean

text: Claude

text: Van

text: Damme

text: and

text: directed

text: by

text: Simon

text: Fellows

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: direct

text: to

text: DVD

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: May

text: The French Revolution was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond. Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, the Revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history, triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies. Through the Revolutionary Wars, it unleashed a wave of global conflicts that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in human history.

text: The

text: French

text: Revolution

text: was

text: period

text: of

text: far

text: reaching

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: upheaval

text: in

text: France

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: until

text: and

text: was

text: partially

text: carried

text: forward

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: during

text: the

text: later

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Empire

text: The

text: Revolution

text: overthrew

text: the

text: monarchy

text: established

text: republic

text: experienced

text: violent

text: periods

text: of

text: political

text: turmoil

text: and

text: finally

text: culminated

text: in

text: dictatorship

text: under

text: Napoleon

text: that

text: rapidly

text: brought

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: principles

text: to

text: Western

text: Europe

text: and

text: beyond

text: Inspired

text: by

text: liberal

text: and

text: radical

text: ideas

text: the

text: Revolution

text: profoundly

text: altered

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: modern

text: history

text: triggering

text: the

text: global

text: decline

text: of

text: absolute

text: monarchies

text: while

text: replacing

text: them

text: with

text: republics

text: and

text: liberal

text: democracies

text: Through

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: it

text: unleashed

text: wave

text: of

text: global

text: conflicts

text: that

text: extended

text: from

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: to

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: Historians

text: widely

text: regard

text: the

text: Revolution

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: events

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: The War of the Fifth Coalition was fought in the year 1809 by a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against Napoleon's French Empire and Bavaria. Major engagements between France and Austria, the main participants, unfolded over much of Central Europe from April to July, with very high casualty rates for both sides. Britain, already involved on the European continent in the ongoing Peninsular War, sent another expedition, the Walcheren Campaign, to the Netherlands in order to relieve the Austrians, although this effort had little impact on the outcome of the conflict. After much campaigning in Bavaria and across the Danube valley, the war ended favourably for the French after the bloody struggle at Wagram in early July.

text: The

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Coalition

text: was

text: fought

text: in

text: the

text: year

text: by

text: coalition

text: of

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: against

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: French

text: Empire

text: and

text: Bavaria

text: Major

text: engagements

text: between

text: France

text: and

text: Austria

text: the

text: main

text: participants

text: unfolded

text: over

text: much

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: from

text: April

text: to

text: July

text: with

text: very

text: high

text: casualty

text: rates

text: for

text: both

text: sides

text: Britain

text: already

text: involved

text: on

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: in

text: the

text: ongoing

text: Peninsular

text: War

text: sent

text: another

text: expedition

text: the

text: Walcheren

text: Campaign

text: to

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: relieve

text: the

text: Austrians

text: although

text: this

text: effort

text: had

text: little

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: After

text: much

text: campaigning

text: in

text: Bavaria

text: and

text: across

text: the

text: Danube

text: valley

text: the

text: war

text: ended

text: favourably

text: for

text: the

text: French

text: after

text: the

text: bloody

text: struggle

text: at

text: Wagram

text: in

text: early

text: July

text: Vélez-Málaga is a municipality and the capital of the Axarquía comarca in the province of Málaga, in the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the most important city in the comarca. Locally it is referred to as Vélez. Vélez-Málaga is the headquarters of the Commonwealth of Municipalities of Costa del Sol-Axarquía. The municipality forms part of the Costa del Sol region.

text: Vélez

text: Málaga

text: is

text: municipality

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Axarquía

text: comarca

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Málaga

text: in

text: the

text: Spanish

text: autonomous

text: community

text: of

text: Andalusia

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: comarca

text: Locally

text: it

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Vélez

text: Vélez

text: Málaga

text: is

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Municipalities

text: of

text: Costa

text: del

text: Sol

text: Axarquía

text: The

text: municipality

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Costa

text: del

text: Sol

text: region

text: The Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros was a battle of the Napoleonic Wars , fought on 10 and 11 November 1808 at the township of Espinosa de los Monteros in the Cantabrian Mountains . It resulted in a French victory under General Victor against Lieutenant General Joaquín Blake 's Army of Galicia .

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Espinosa

text: de

text: los

text: Monteros

text: was

text: battle

text: of

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: fought

text: on

text: and

text: November

text: at

text: the

text: township

text: of

text: Espinosa

text: de

text: los

text: Monteros

text: in

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: Mountains

text: It

text: resulted

text: in

text: French

text: victory

text: under

text: General

text: Victor

text: against

text: Lieutenant

text: General

text: Joaquín

text: Blake

text: 's

text: Army

text: of

text: Galicia

text: The military, also called the armed forces, are forces authorized to use deadly force, and weapons, to support the interests of the state and some or all of its citizens. The task of the military is usually defined as defense of the state and its citizens, and the prosecution of war against another state. The military may also have additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within a society, including, the promotion of a political agenda, protecting corporate economic interests, internal population control, construction, emergency services, social ceremonies, and guarding important areas. The military can also function as a discrete subculture within a larger civil society, through the development of separate infrastructures, which may include housing, schools, utilities, food production and banking.

text: The

text: military

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: are

text: forces

text: authorized

text: to

text: use

text: deadly

text: force

text: and

text: weapons

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: interests

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: citizens

text: The

text: task

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: is

text: usually

text: defined

text: as

text: defense

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: its

text: citizens

text: and

text: the

text: prosecution

text: of

text: war

text: against

text: another

text: state

text: The

text: military

text: may

text: also

text: have

text: additional

text: sanctioned

text: and

text: non

text: sanctioned

text: functions

text: within

text: society

text: including

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: political

text: agenda

text: protecting

text: corporate

text: economic

text: interests

text: internal

text: population

text: control

text: construction

text: emergency

text: services

text: social

text: ceremonies

text: and

text: guarding

text: important

text: areas

text: The

text: military

text: can

text: also

text: function

text: as

text: discrete

text: subculture

text: within

text: larger

text: civil

text: society

text: through

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: separate

text: infrastructures

text: which

text: may

text: include

text: housing

text: schools

text: utilities

text: food

text: production

text: and

text: banking

text: Espinosa de los Monteros is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain, with a population of c. 2,100 inhabitants.

text: Espinosa

text: de

text: los

text: Monteros

text: is

text: municipality

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Burgos

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: Spain

text: with

text: population

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: Napoleon Bonaparte ("Napoléon Bonaparte";  , born ""Napoleone di Buonaparte""; 15 August 1769  5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has ensured his status as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human history.

text: Napoleon

text: Bonaparte

text: Napoléon

text: Bonaparte

text: born

text: Napoleone

text: di

text: Buonaparte

text: August

text: May

text: was

text: French

text: military

text: and

text: political

text: leader

text: who

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: and

text: led

text: several

text: successful

text: campaigns

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolutionary

text: Wars

text: As

text: Napoleon

text: he

text: was

text: Emperor

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: from

text: until

text: and

text: again

text: in

text: Napoleon

text: dominated

text: European

text: and

text: global

text: affairs

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: decade

text: while

text: leading

text: France

text: against

text: series

text: of

text: coalitions

text: in

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: He

text: won

text: most

text: of

text: these

text: wars

text: and

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: his

text: battles

text: building

text: large

text: empire

text: that

text: ruled

text: over

text: continental

text: Europe

text: before

text: its

text: final

text: collapse

text: in

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: greatest

text: commanders

text: in

text: history

text: his

text: wars

text: and

text: campaigns

text: are

text: studied

text: at

text: military

text: schools

text: worldwide

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: has

text: ensured

text: his

text: status

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: celebrated

text: and

text: controversial

text: leaders

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, % of the world population at the time, and by 1920, it covered , % of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: comprised

text: the

text: dominions

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: mandates

text: and

text: other

text: territories

text: ruled

text: or

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: its

text: predecessor

text: states

text: It

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: and

text: trading

text: posts

text: established

text: by

text: England

text: between

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: for

text: over

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: By

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: held

text: sway

text: over

text: million

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: by

text: it

text: covered

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: As

text: result

text: its

text: political

text: legal

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: widespread

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: the

text: phrase

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: because

text: its

text: expanse

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: was

text: always

text: shining

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: territories

text: The War of the Third Coalition was a European conflict spanning the years 1803 to 1806. During the war, France and its client states under Napoleon I, defeated an alliance, the Third Coalition, made up of various German states, Russia, and others.

text: The

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: was

text: European

text: conflict

text: spanning

text: the

text: years

text: to

text: During

text: the

text: war

text: France

text: and

text: its

text: client

text: states

text: under

text: Napoleon

text: defeated

text: an

text: alliance

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: various

text: German

text: states

text: Russia

text: and

text: others

text: In the War of the Sixth Coalition (March 1813  May 1814), a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German states finally defeated France and drove Napoleon into exile on Elba. After the disastrous French invasion of Russia of 1812, the continental powers joined Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal and the rebels in Spain who were already at war with France.

text: In

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Sixth

text: Coalition

text: March

text: May

text: coalition

text: of

text: Austria

text: Prussia

text: Russia

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Portugal

text: Sweden

text: Spain

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: German

text: states

text: finally

text: defeated

text: France

text: and

text: drove

text: Napoleon

text: into

text: exile

text: on

text: Elba

text: After

text: the

text: disastrous

text: French

text: invasion

text: of

text: Russia

text: of

text: the

text: continental

text: powers

text: joined

text: Russia

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: rebels

text: in

text: Spain

text: who

text: were

text: already

text: at

text: war

text: with

text: France

text:
The Iberian System, , is one of the major systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
It consists in a vast and complex area of mostly relatively high and rugged mountain chains and massifs located in the central region of the Iberian Peninsula, but reaching almost the Mediterranean coast in the Land of Valencia in the east.

text: The

text: Iberian

text: System

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: systems

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: in

text: Spain

text: It

text: consists

text: in

text: vast

text: and

text: complex

text: area

text: of

text: mostly

text: relatively

text: high

text: and

text: rugged

text: mountain

text: chains

text: and

text: massifs

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: but

text: reaching

text: almost

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: coast

text: in

text: the

text: Land

text: of

text: Valencia

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Captain general (and its literal equivalent in several languages) is a high military rank of general officer grade, and a gubernatorial title.

text: Captain

text: general

text: and

text: its

text: literal

text: equivalent

text: in

text: several

text: languages

text: is

text: high

text: military

text: rank

text: of

text: general

text: officer

text: grade

text: and

text: gubernatorial

text: title

text: Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Americas where Romance languages are predominant. The term originated in 19th century France as "Amérique latine" to consider French-speaking territories in the Americas (Haiti, French Guiana, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed. It is therefore broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic Americathough it usually excludes French Canada and modern French Louisiana.

text: Latin

text: America

text: is

text: group

text: of

text: countries

text: and

text: dependencies

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: where

text: Romance

text: languages

text: are

text: predominant

text: The

text: term

text: originated

text: in

text: century

text: France

text: as

text: Amérique

text: latine

text: to

text: consider

text: French

text: speaking

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: Haiti

text: French

text: Guiana

text: Martinique

text: Guadeloupe

text: Saint

text: Martin

text: Saint

text: Barthélemy

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: larger

text: group

text: of

text: countries

text: where

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: languages

text: prevailed

text: It

text: is

text: therefore

text: broader

text: than

text: the

text: terms

text: Ibero

text: America

text: or

text: Hispanic

text: Americathough

text: it

text: usually

text: excludes

text: French

text: Canada

text: and

text: modern

text: French

text: Louisiana

text: Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality. Whereas classical liberalism emphasises the role of liberty, social liberalism stresses the importance of equality. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally they support ideas and programmes such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, free markets, civil rights, democratic societies, secular governments, gender equality, and international cooperation.

text: Liberalism

text: is

text: political

text: philosophy

text: or

text: worldview

text: founded

text: on

text: ideas

text: of

text: liberty

text: and

text: equality

text: Whereas

text: classical

text: liberalism

text: emphasises

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: liberty

text: social

text: liberalism

text: stresses

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: equality

text: Liberals

text: espouse

text: wide

text: array

text: of

text: views

text: depending

text: on

text: their

text: understanding

text: of

text: these

text: principles

text: but

text: generally

text: they

text: support

text: ideas

text: and

text: programmes

text: such

text: as

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: freedom

text: of

text: the

text: press

text: freedom

text: of

text: religion

text: free

text: markets

text: civil

text: rights

text: democratic

text: societies

text: secular

text: governments

text: gender

text: equality

text: and

text: international

text: cooperation

text: In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.

text: In

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Europe

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: or

text: medieval

text: period

text: lasted

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Discovery

text: The

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: is

text: the

text: middle

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: traditional

text: divisions

text: of

text: Western

text: history

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: period

text: The

text: medieval

text: period

text: is

text: itself

text: subdivided

text: into

text: the

text: Early

text: High

text: and

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: The Pyrenees (, , , , or ) is a range of mountains in southwest Europe that forms a natural border between France and Spain. Reaching a height of altitude at the peak of Aneto, the range separates the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of continental Europe, and extends for about from the Bay of Biscay (Cap Higuer) to the Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus).

text: The

text: Pyrenees

text: or

text: is

text: range

text: of

text: mountains

text: in

text: southwest

text: Europe

text: that

text: forms

text: natural

text: border

text: between

text: France

text: and

text: Spain

text: Reaching

text: height

text: of

text: altitude

text: at

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: Aneto

text: the

text: range

text: separates

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: continental

text: Europe

text: and

text: extends

text: for

text: about

text: from

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: Cap

text: Higuer

text: to

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: Cap

text: de

text: Creus

text: The Fourth Coalition against Napoleon's French Empire was defeated in a war spanning 18061807. Coalition partners included Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and Great Britain. Several members of the coalition had previously been fighting France as part of the Third Coalition, and there was no intervening period of general peace. On 9 October 1806, Prussia joined a renewed coalition, fearing the rise in French power after the defeat of Austria and establishment of the French-sponsored Confederation of the Rhine. Prussia and Russia mobilized for a fresh campaign, and Prussian troops massed in Saxony.

text: The

text: Fourth

text: Coalition

text: against

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: French

text: Empire

text: was

text: defeated

text: in

text: war

text: spanning

text: Coalition

text: partners

text: included

text: Prussia

text: Russia

text: Saxony

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Great

text: Britain

text: Several

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: coalition

text: had

text: previously

text: been

text: fighting

text: France

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: and

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: intervening

text: period

text: of

text: general

text: peace

text: On

text: October

text: Prussia

text: joined

text: renewed

text: coalition

text: fearing

text: the

text: rise

text: in

text: French

text: power

text: after

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: Austria

text: and

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: sponsored

text: Confederation

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: Prussia

text: and

text: Russia

text: mobilized

text: for

text: fresh

text: campaign

text: and

text: Prussian

text: troops

text: massed

text: in

text: Saxony

text: A lieutenant (abbreviated Lt., LT, LTA, Lieut., LEUT and LEUT.) is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces, fire service or police.

text: lieutenant

text: abbreviated

text: Lt

text: LT

text: LTA

text: Lieut

text: LEUT

text: and

text: LEUT

text: is

text: junior

text: commissioned

text: officer

text: in

text: many

text: nations

text: armed

text: forces

text: fire

text: service

text: or

text: police

text: Castile and León (Leonese: "Castiella y Llión" ) is an autonomous community in north-western Spain. It was constituted in 1983, although it existed for the first time during the First Spanish Republic in the 19th century. León first appeared as a Kingdom in 910, whilst the Kingdom of Castile gained an independent identity in 1065 and was intermittently held in personal union with León before merging with it permanently in 1230. It is the largest autonomous community in Spain and the third largest region of the European Union, covering an area of with an official population of around 2.5 million (2011).

text: Castile

text: and

text: León

text: Leonese

text: Castiella

text: Llión

text: is

text: an

text: autonomous

text: community

text: in

text: north

text: western

text: Spain

text: It

text: was

text: constituted

text: in

text: although

text: it

text: existed

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: during

text: the

text: First

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: León

text: first

text: appeared

text: as

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: whilst

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Castile

text: gained

text: an

text: independent

text: identity

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: intermittently

text: held

text: in

text: personal

text: union

text: with

text: León

text: before

text: merging

text: with

text: it

text: permanently

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: autonomous

text: community

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: covering

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: an

text: official

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets.

text: mountain

text: range

text: also

text: mountain

text: barrier

text: belt

text: or

text: system

text: is

text: geographic

text: area

text: containing

text: numerous

text: geologically

text: related

text: mountains

text: mountain

text: system

text: or

text: system

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: sometimes

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: combine

text: several

text: geological

text: features

text: that

text: are

text: geographically

text: regionally

text: related

text: On

text: Earth

text: most

text: significant

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: plate

text: tectonics

text: though

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: are

text: formed

text: by

text: range

text: of

text: processes

text: are

text: found

text: on

text: many

text: planetary

text: mass

text: objects

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: and

text: are

text: likely

text: feature

text: of

text: most

text: terrestrial

text: planets

text: Joaquín Blake y Joyes (Vélez-Málaga, 19 August 1759  27 April 1827, Valladolid) was a Spanish military officer who served with distinction in the French Revolutionary and Peninsular wars.

text: Joaquín

text: Blake

text: Joyes

text: Vélez

text: Málaga

text: August

text: April

text: Valladolid

text: was

text: Spanish

text: military

text: officer

text: who

text: served

text: with

text: distinction

text: in

text: the

text: French

text: Revolutionary

text: and

text: Peninsular

text: wars

text: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.

text: Spain

text: officially

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Spain

text: is

text: sovereign

text: state

text: largely

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Europe

text: with

text: two

text: large

text: archipelagos

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: off

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: two

text: cities

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: mainland

text: and

text: several

text: small

text: islands

text: in

text: the

text: Alboran

text: Sea

text: near

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: coast

text: Its

text: mainland

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: east

text: by

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: except

text: for

text: small

text: land

text: boundary

text: with

text: Gibraltar

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

text: by

text: France

text: Andorra

text: and

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Biscay

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: by

text: Portugal

text: and

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: European

text: country

text: to

text: have

text: border

text: with

text: an

text: African

text: country

text: Morocco

text: and

text: its

text: African

text: territory

text: accounts

text: for

text: nearly

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Ceuta

text: and

text: Melilla

text: Lieutenant general, lieutenant-general and similar (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general.

text: Lieutenant

text: general

text: lieutenant

text: general

text: and

text: similar

text: abbrev

text: Lt

text: Gen

text: LTG

text: and

text: similar

text: is

text: three

text: star

text: military

text: rank

text: NATO

text: code

text: used

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: The

text: rank

text: traces

text: its

text: origins

text: to

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: where

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: lieutenant

text: general

text: was

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: second

text: in

text: command

text: on

text: the

text: battlefield

text: who

text: was

text: normally

text: subordinate

text: to

text: captain

text: general

annotations: likely multiple

question: part_of battle of espinosa de los monteros

answer: peninsular war

text: peninsular war